From a09983ae35713f5a2bbb100981116d31ce99826e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GitLab Bot Date: Mon, 20 Jul 2020 12:26:25 +0000 Subject: Add latest changes from gitlab-org/gitlab@13-2-stable-ee --- .../reference_architectures/10k_users.md | 2 +- .../reference_architectures/1k_users.md | 2 +- .../reference_architectures/25k_users.md | 2 +- .../reference_architectures/2k_users.md | 174 +- .../reference_architectures/3k_users.md | 1816 ++++++++++++++++++- .../reference_architectures/50k_users.md | 2 +- .../reference_architectures/5k_users.md | 1820 +++++++++++++++++++- .../reference_architectures/index.md | 10 +- .../reference_architectures/troubleshooting.md | 251 ++- 9 files changed, 3851 insertions(+), 228 deletions(-) (limited to 'doc/administration/reference_architectures') diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/10k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/10k_users.md index a15fcf722a5..5367021af4e 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/10k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/10k_users.md @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ For a full list of reference architectures, see For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class + [Redis Cluster](../redis/replication_and_failover.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/1k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/1k_users.md index 34805a8ac68..def23619a5c 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/1k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/1k_users.md @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ added performance and reliability at a reduced complexity cost. For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class + [Redis Cluster](../redis/replication_and_failover.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/25k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/25k_users.md index d851fa124c6..17f4300eb03 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/25k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/25k_users.md @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ For a full list of reference architectures, see For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class + [Redis Cluster](../redis/replication_and_failover.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/2k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/2k_users.md index 0a3ade1acf1..d182daf45b3 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/2k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/2k_users.md @@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ For a full list of reference architectures, see > - **High Availability:** False > - **Test requests per second (RPS) rates:** API: 40 RPS, Web: 4 RPS, Git: 4 RPS -| Service | Nodes | Configuration | GCP | AWS | Azure | -|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------|----------------| -| Load balancer | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB memory | n1-highcpu-2 | c5.large | F2s v2 | -| Object storage | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | -| NFS server (optional, not recommended) | 1 | 4 vCPU, 3.6GB memory | n1-highcpu-4 | c5.xlarge | F4s v2 | -| PostgreSQL | 1 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB memory | n1-standard-2 | m5.large | D2s v3 | -| Redis | 1 | 1 vCPU, 3.75GB memory | n1-standard-1 | m5.large | D2s v3 | -| Gitaly | 1 | 4 vCPU, 15GB memory | n1-standard-4 | m5.xlarge | D4s v3 | -| GitLab Rails | 2 | 8 vCPU, 7.2GB memory | n1-highcpu-8 | c5.2xlarge | F8s v2 | -| Monitoring node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB memory | n1-highcpu-2 | c5.large | F2s v2 | +| Service | Nodes | Configuration | GCP | AWS | Azure | +|------------------------------------------|--------|-------------------------|-----------------|----------------|-----------| +| Load balancer | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| PostgreSQL | 1 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| Redis | 1 | 1 vCPU, 3.75GB memory | `n1-standard-1` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| Gitaly | 1 | 4 vCPU, 15GB memory | `n1-standard-4` | `m5.xlarge` | `D4s v3` | +| GitLab Rails | 2 | 8 vCPU, 7.2GB memory | `n1-highcpu-8` | `c5.2xlarge` | `F8s v2` | +| Monitoring node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Object storage | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | +| NFS server (optional, not recommended) | 1 | 4 vCPU, 3.6GB memory | `n1-highcpu-4` | `c5.xlarge` | `F4s v2` | The Google Cloud Platform (GCP) architectures were built and tested using the [Intel Xeon E5 v3 (Haswell)](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/cpu-platforms) @@ -30,9 +30,6 @@ or higher, are required for your CPU or node counts. For more information, see our [Sysbench](https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench)-based [CPU benchmark](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/performance/-/wikis/Reference-Architectures/GCP-CPU-Benchmarks). -AWS-equivalent and Azure-equivalent configurations are rough suggestions that -may change in the future, and haven't been tested or validated. - Due to better performance and availability, for data objects (such as LFS, uploads, or artifacts), using an [object storage service](#configure-the-object-storage) is recommended instead of using NFS. Using an object storage service also @@ -44,12 +41,6 @@ To set up GitLab and its components to accommodate up to 2,000 users: 1. [Configure the external load balancing node](#configure-the-load-balancer) to handle the load balancing of the two GitLab application services nodes. -1. [Configure the object storage](#configure-the-object-storage) used for - shared data objects. -1. [Configure NFS](#configure-nfs-optional) (optional, and not recommended) - to have shared disk storage service as an alternative to Gitaly or object - storage. You can skip this step if you're not using GitLab Pages (which - requires NFS). 1. [Configure PostgreSQL](#configure-postgresql), the database for GitLab. 1. [Configure Redis](#configure-redis). 1. [Configure Gitaly](#configure-gitaly), which provides access to the Git @@ -59,6 +50,12 @@ To set up GitLab and its components to accommodate up to 2,000 users: requests (which include UI, API, and Git over HTTP/SSH). 1. [Configure Prometheus](#configure-prometheus) to monitor your GitLab environment. +1. [Configure the object storage](#configure-the-object-storage) used for + shared data objects. +1. [Configure NFS](#configure-nfs-optional) (optional, and not recommended) + to have shared disk storage service as an alternative to Gitaly or object + storage. You can skip this step if you're not using GitLab Pages (which + requires NFS). ## Configure the load balancer @@ -173,73 +170,6 @@ Configure DNS for an alternate SSH hostname, such as `altssh.gitlab.example.com` -## Configure the object storage - -GitLab supports using an object storage service for holding several types of -data, and is recommended over [NFS](#configure-nfs-optional). In general, -object storage services are better for larger environments, as object storage -is typically much more performant, reliable, and scalable. - -Object storage options that GitLab has either tested or is aware of customers -using, includes: - -- SaaS/Cloud solutions (such as [Amazon S3](https://aws.amazon.com/s3/) or - [Google Cloud Storage](https://cloud.google.com/storage)). -- On-premises hardware and appliances, from various storage vendors. -- MinIO ([Deployment guide](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/minio.html)). - -To configure GitLab to use object storage, refer to the following guides based -on the features you intend to use: - -1. [Object storage for backups](../../raketasks/backup_restore.md#uploading-backups-to-a-remote-cloud-storage). -1. [Object storage for job artifacts](../job_artifacts.md#using-object-storage) - including [incremental logging](../job_logs.md#new-incremental-logging-architecture). -1. [Object storage for LFS objects](../lfs/index.md#storing-lfs-objects-in-remote-object-storage). -1. [Object storage for uploads](../uploads.md#using-object-storage-core-only). -1. [Object storage for merge request diffs](../merge_request_diffs.md#using-object-storage). -1. [Object storage for Container Registry](../packages/container_registry.md#container-registry-storage-driver) (optional feature). -1. [Object storage for Mattermost](https://docs.mattermost.com/administration/config-settings.html#file-storage) (optional feature). -1. [Object storage for packages](../packages/index.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** -1. [Object storage for Dependency Proxy](../packages/dependency_proxy.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** -1. [Object storage for Pseudonymizer](../pseudonymizer.md#configuration) (optional feature). **(ULTIMATE ONLY)** -1. [Object storage for autoscale Runner caching](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/autoscale.html#distributed-runners-caching) (optional, for improved performance). -1. [Object storage for Terraform state files](../terraform_state.md#using-object-storage-core-only). - -Using separate buckets for each data type is the recommended approach for GitLab. - -A limitation of our configuration is that each use of object storage is -separately configured. We have an [issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/23345) -for improving this, which would allow for one bucket with separate folders. - -Using a single bucket when GitLab is deployed with the Helm chart causes -restoring from a backup to -[not function properly](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/#lfs-artifacts-uploads-packages-external-diffs-pseudonymizer). -Although you may not be using a Helm deployment right now, if you migrate -GitLab to a Helm deployment later, GitLab would still work, but you may not -realize backups aren't working correctly until a critical requirement for -functioning backups is encountered. - -
- - Back to setup components - -
- -## Configure NFS (optional) - -For improved performance, [object storage](#configure-the-object-storage), -along with [Gitaly](#configure-gitaly), are recommended over using NFS whenever -possible. However, if you intend to use GitLab Pages, -[you must use NFS](troubleshooting.md#gitlab-pages-requires-nfs). - -For information about configuring NFS, see the [NFS documentation page](../high_availability/nfs.md). - -
- - Back to setup components - -
- ## Configure PostgreSQL In this section, you'll be guided through configuring an external PostgreSQL database @@ -543,7 +473,7 @@ nodes (including the Gitaly node using the certificate) and on all client nodes that communicate with it following the procedure described in [GitLab custom certificate configuration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#install-custom-public-certificates). -NOTE: **Note** +NOTE: **Note:** The self-signed certificate must specify the address you use to access the Gitaly server. If you are addressing the Gitaly server by a hostname, you can either use the Common Name field for this, or add it as a Subject Alternative @@ -728,7 +658,8 @@ On each node perform the following: sudo gitlab-ctl tail gitaly ``` -NOTE: **Note:** When you specify `https` in the `external_url`, as in the example +NOTE: **Note:** +When you specify `https` in the `external_url`, as in the example above, GitLab assumes you have SSL certificates in `/etc/gitlab/ssl/`. If certificates are not present, NGINX will fail to start. See the [NGINX documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) @@ -862,6 +793,73 @@ running [Prometheus](../monitoring/prometheus/index.md) and +## Configure the object storage + +GitLab supports using an object storage service for holding several types of +data, and is recommended over [NFS](#configure-nfs-optional). In general, +object storage services are better for larger environments, as object storage +is typically much more performant, reliable, and scalable. + +Object storage options that GitLab has either tested or is aware of customers +using, includes: + +- SaaS/Cloud solutions (such as [Amazon S3](https://aws.amazon.com/s3/) or + [Google Cloud Storage](https://cloud.google.com/storage)). +- On-premises hardware and appliances, from various storage vendors. +- MinIO ([Deployment guide](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/minio.html)). + +To configure GitLab to use object storage, refer to the following guides based +on the features you intend to use: + +1. [Object storage for backups](../../raketasks/backup_restore.md#uploading-backups-to-a-remote-cloud-storage). +1. [Object storage for job artifacts](../job_artifacts.md#using-object-storage) + including [incremental logging](../job_logs.md#new-incremental-logging-architecture). +1. [Object storage for LFS objects](../lfs/index.md#storing-lfs-objects-in-remote-object-storage). +1. [Object storage for uploads](../uploads.md#using-object-storage-core-only). +1. [Object storage for merge request diffs](../merge_request_diffs.md#using-object-storage). +1. [Object storage for Container Registry](../packages/container_registry.md#use-object-storage) (optional feature). +1. [Object storage for Mattermost](https://docs.mattermost.com/administration/config-settings.html#file-storage) (optional feature). +1. [Object storage for packages](../packages/index.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** +1. [Object storage for Dependency Proxy](../packages/dependency_proxy.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** +1. [Object storage for Pseudonymizer](../pseudonymizer.md#configuration) (optional feature). **(ULTIMATE ONLY)** +1. [Object storage for autoscale Runner caching](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/autoscale.html#distributed-runners-caching) (optional, for improved performance). +1. [Object storage for Terraform state files](../terraform_state.md#using-object-storage-core-only). + +Using separate buckets for each data type is the recommended approach for GitLab. + +A limitation of our configuration is that each use of object storage is +separately configured. We have an [issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/23345) +for improving this, which would allow for one bucket with separate folders. + +Using a single bucket when GitLab is deployed with the Helm chart causes +restoring from a backup to +[not function properly](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/#lfs-artifacts-uploads-packages-external-diffs-pseudonymizer). +Although you may not be using a Helm deployment right now, if you migrate +GitLab to a Helm deployment later, GitLab would still work, but you may not +realize backups aren't working correctly until a critical requirement for +functioning backups is encountered. + +
+ + Back to setup components + +
+ +## Configure NFS (optional) + +For improved performance, [object storage](#configure-the-object-storage), +along with [Gitaly](#configure-gitaly), are recommended over using NFS whenever +possible. However, if you intend to use GitLab Pages, +[you must use NFS](troubleshooting.md#gitlab-pages-requires-nfs). + +For information about configuring NFS, see the [NFS documentation page](../high_availability/nfs.md). + +
+ + Back to setup components + +
+ ## Troubleshooting See the [troubleshooting documentation](troubleshooting.md). diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/3k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/3k_users.md index efeed3e9ffd..04cb9fa4769 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/3k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/3k_users.md @@ -1,10 +1,15 @@ +--- +reading_time: true +--- + # Reference architecture: up to 3,000 users This page describes GitLab reference architecture for up to 3,000 users. For a full list of reference architectures, see [Available reference architectures](index.md#available-reference-architectures). -NOTE: **Note:** The 3,000-user reference architecture documented below is +NOTE: **Note:** +The 3,000-user reference architecture documented below is designed to help your organization achieve a highly-available GitLab deployment. If you do not have the expertise or need to maintain a highly-available environment, you can have a simpler and less costly-to-operate environment by @@ -14,66 +19,1749 @@ following the [2,000-user reference architecture](2k_users.md). > - **High Availability:** True > - **Test RPS rates:** API: 60 RPS, Web: 6 RPS, Git: 6 RPS -| Service | Nodes | Configuration ([8](#footnotes)) | GCP | AWS | Azure | -|--------------------------------------------------------------|-------|---------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------|----------------| -| GitLab Rails ([1](#footnotes)) | 3 | 8 vCPU, 7.2GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-8` | `c5.2xlarge` | F8s v2 | -| PostgreSQL | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | D2s v3 | -| PgBouncer | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| Gitaly ([2](#footnotes)) ([5](#footnotes)) ([7](#footnotes)) | X | 4 vCPU, 15GB Memory | `n1-standard-4` | `m5.xlarge` | D4s v3 | -| Redis ([3](#footnotes)) | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | D2s v3 | -| Consul + Sentinel ([3](#footnotes)) | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| Sidekiq | 4 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | D2s v3 | -| Object Storage ([4](#footnotes)) | - | - | - | - | - | -| NFS Server ([5](#footnotes)) ([7](#footnotes)) | 1 | 4 vCPU, 3.6GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-4` | `c5.xlarge` | F4s v2 | -| Monitoring node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| External load balancing node ([6](#footnotes)) | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| Internal load balancing node ([6](#footnotes)) | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | - -## Footnotes - -1. In our architectures we run each GitLab Rails node using the Puma webserver - and have its number of workers set to 90% of available CPUs along with four threads. For - nodes that are running Rails with other components the worker value should be reduced - accordingly where we've found 50% achieves a good balance but this is dependent - on workload. - -1. Gitaly node requirements are dependent on customer data, specifically the number of - projects and their sizes. We recommend two nodes as an absolute minimum for HA environments - and at least four nodes should be used when supporting 50,000 or more users. - We also recommend that each Gitaly node should store no more than 5TB of data - and have the number of [`gitaly-ruby` workers](../gitaly/index.md#gitaly-ruby) - set to 20% of available CPUs. Additional nodes should be considered in conjunction - with a review of expected data size and spread based on the recommendations above. - -1. Recommended Redis setup differs depending on the size of the architecture. - For smaller architectures (less than 3,000 users) a single instance should suffice. - For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all - classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. - For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class - and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend - that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. - -1. For data objects such as LFS, Uploads, Artifacts, etc. We recommend an [Object Storage service](../object_storage.md) - over NFS where possible, due to better performance and availability. - -1. NFS can be used as an alternative for both repository data (replacing Gitaly) and - object storage but this isn't typically recommended for performance reasons. Note however it is required for - [GitLab Pages](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages/-/issues/196). - -1. Our architectures have been tested and validated with [HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/) - as the load balancer. Although other load balancers with similar feature sets - could also be used, those load balancers have not been validated. - -1. We strongly recommend that any Gitaly or NFS nodes be set up with SSD disks over - HDD with a throughput of at least 8,000 IOPS for read operations and 2,000 IOPS for write - as these components have heavy I/O. These IOPS values are recommended only as a starter - as with time they may be adjusted higher or lower depending on the scale of your - environment's workload. If you're running the environment on a Cloud provider - you may need to refer to their documentation on how configure IOPS correctly. - -1. The architectures were built and tested with the [Intel Xeon E5 v3 (Haswell)](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/cpu-platforms) - CPU platform on GCP. On different hardware you may find that adjustments, either lower - or higher, are required for your CPU or Node counts accordingly. For more information, a - [Sysbench](https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench) benchmark of the CPU can be found - [here](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/performance/-/wikis/Reference-Architectures/GCP-CPU-Benchmarks). +| Service | Nodes | Configuration | GCP | AWS | Azure | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|-------|---------------------------------|-----------------|-------------------------|----------------| +| External load balancing node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Redis | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| Consul + Sentinel | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| PostgreSQL | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| PgBouncer | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Internal load balancing node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Gitaly | 2 minimum | 4 vCPU, 15GB Memory | `n1-standard-4` | `m5.xlarge` | `D4s v3` | +| Sidekiq | 4 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| GitLab Rails | 3 | 8 vCPU, 7.2GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-8` | `c5.2xlarge` | `F8s v2` | +| Monitoring node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Object Storage | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | +| NFS Server (optional, not recommended) | 1 | 4 vCPU, 3.6GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-4` | `c5.xlarge` | `F4s v2` | + +The architectures were built and tested with the [Intel Xeon E5 v3 (Haswell)](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/cpu-platforms) +CPU platform on GCP. On different hardware you may find that adjustments, either lower +or higher, are required for your CPU or Node counts accordingly. For more information, a +[Sysbench](https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench) benchmark of the CPU can be found +[here](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/performance/-/wikis/Reference-Architectures/GCP-CPU-Benchmarks). + +For data objects such as LFS, Uploads, Artifacts, etc, an [object storage service](#configure-the-object-storage) +is recommended over NFS where possible, due to better performance and availability. +Since this doesn't require a node to be set up, it's marked as not applicable (n/a) +in the table above. + +## Setup components + +To set up GitLab and its components to accommodate up to 3,000 users: + +1. [Configure the external load balancing node](#configure-the-external-load-balancer) + that will handle the load balancing of the two GitLab application services nodes. +1. [Configure Redis](#configure-redis). +1. [Configure Consul and Sentinel](#configure-consul-and-sentinel). +1. [Configure PostgreSQL](#configure-postgresql), the database for GitLab. +1. [Configure PgBouncer](#configure-pgbouncer). +1. [Configure the internal load balancing node](#configure-the-internal-load-balancer) +1. [Configure Gitaly](#configure-gitaly), + which provides access to the Git repositories. +1. [Configure Sidekiq](#configure-sidekiq). +1. [Configure the main GitLab Rails application](#configure-gitlab-rails) + to run Puma/Unicorn, Workhorse, GitLab Shell, and to serve all frontend requests (UI, API, Git + over HTTP/SSH). +1. [Configure Prometheus](#configure-prometheus) to monitor your GitLab environment. +1. [Configure the Object Storage](#configure-the-object-storage) + used for shared data objects. +1. [Configure NFS (Optional)](#configure-nfs-optional) + to have shared disk storage service as an alternative to Gitaly and/or Object Storage (although + not recommended). NFS is required for GitLab Pages, you can skip this step if you're not using + that feature. + +We start with all servers on the same 10.6.0.0/16 private network range, they +can connect to each other freely on those addresses. + +Here is a list and description of each machine and the assigned IP: + +- `10.6.0.10`: External Load Balancer +- `10.6.0.61`: Redis Primary +- `10.6.0.62`: Redis Replica 1 +- `10.6.0.63`: Redis Replica 2 +- `10.6.0.11`: Consul/Sentinel 1 +- `10.6.0.12`: Consul/Sentinel 2 +- `10.6.0.13`: Consul/Sentinel 3 +- `10.6.0.31`: PostgreSQL primary +- `10.6.0.32`: PostgreSQL secondary 1 +- `10.6.0.33`: PostgreSQL secondary 2 +- `10.6.0.21`: PgBouncer 1 +- `10.6.0.22`: PgBouncer 2 +- `10.6.0.23`: PgBouncer 3 +- `10.6.0.20`: Internal Load Balancer +- `10.6.0.51`: Gitaly 1 +- `10.6.0.52`: Gitaly 2 +- `10.6.0.71`: Sidekiq 1 +- `10.6.0.72`: Sidekiq 2 +- `10.6.0.73`: Sidekiq 3 +- `10.6.0.74`: Sidekiq 4 +- `10.6.0.41`: GitLab application 1 +- `10.6.0.42`: GitLab application 2 +- `10.6.0.43`: GitLab application 3 +- `10.6.0.81`: Prometheus + +## Configure the external load balancer + +NOTE: **Note:** +This architecture has been tested and validated with [HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/) +as the load balancer. Although other load balancers with similar feature sets +could also be used, those load balancers have not been validated. + +In an active/active GitLab configuration, you will need a load balancer to route +traffic to the application servers. The specifics on which load balancer to use +or the exact configuration is beyond the scope of GitLab documentation. We hope +that if you're managing multi-node systems like GitLab you have a load balancer of +choice already. Some examples including HAProxy (open-source), F5 Big-IP LTM, +and Citrix Net Scaler. This documentation will outline what ports and protocols +you need to use with GitLab. + +The next question is how you will handle SSL in your environment. +There are several different options: + +- [The application node terminates SSL](#application-node-terminates-ssl). +- [The load balancer terminates SSL without backend SSL](#load-balancer-terminates-ssl-without-backend-ssl) + and communication is not secure between the load balancer and the application node. +- [The load balancer terminates SSL with backend SSL](#load-balancer-terminates-ssl-with-backend-ssl) + and communication is *secure* between the load balancer and the application node. + +### Application node terminates SSL + +Configure your load balancer to pass connections on port 443 as `TCP` rather +than `HTTP(S)` protocol. This will pass the connection to the application node's +NGINX service untouched. NGINX will have the SSL certificate and listen on port 443. + +See the [NGINX HTTPS documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) +for details on managing SSL certificates and configuring NGINX. + +### Load balancer terminates SSL without backend SSL + +Configure your load balancer to use the `HTTP(S)` protocol rather than `TCP`. +The load balancer will then be responsible for managing SSL certificates and +terminating SSL. + +Since communication between the load balancer and GitLab will not be secure, +there is some additional configuration needed. See the +[NGINX proxied SSL documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#supporting-proxied-ssl) +for details. + +### Load balancer terminates SSL with backend SSL + +Configure your load balancer(s) to use the 'HTTP(S)' protocol rather than 'TCP'. +The load balancer(s) will be responsible for managing SSL certificates that +end users will see. + +Traffic will also be secure between the load balancer(s) and NGINX in this +scenario. There is no need to add configuration for proxied SSL since the +connection will be secure all the way. However, configuration will need to be +added to GitLab to configure SSL certificates. See +[NGINX HTTPS documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) +for details on managing SSL certificates and configuring NGINX. + +### Ports + +The basic ports to be used are shown in the table below. + +| LB Port | Backend Port | Protocol | +| ------- | ------------ | ------------------------ | +| 80 | 80 | HTTP (*1*) | +| 443 | 443 | TCP or HTTPS (*1*) (*2*) | +| 22 | 22 | TCP | + +- (*1*): [Web terminal](../../ci/environments/index.md#web-terminals) support requires + your load balancer to correctly handle WebSocket connections. When using + HTTP or HTTPS proxying, this means your load balancer must be configured + to pass through the `Connection` and `Upgrade` hop-by-hop headers. See the + [web terminal](../integration/terminal.md) integration guide for + more details. +- (*2*): When using HTTPS protocol for port 443, you will need to add an SSL + certificate to the load balancers. If you wish to terminate SSL at the + GitLab application server instead, use TCP protocol. + +If you're using GitLab Pages with custom domain support you will need some +additional port configurations. +GitLab Pages requires a separate virtual IP address. Configure DNS to point the +`pages_external_url` from `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` at the new virtual IP address. See the +[GitLab Pages documentation](../pages/index.md) for more information. + +| LB Port | Backend Port | Protocol | +| ------- | ------------- | --------- | +| 80 | Varies (*1*) | HTTP | +| 443 | Varies (*1*) | TCP (*2*) | + +- (*1*): The backend port for GitLab Pages depends on the + `gitlab_pages['external_http']` and `gitlab_pages['external_https']` + setting. See [GitLab Pages documentation](../pages/index.md) for more details. +- (*2*): Port 443 for GitLab Pages should always use the TCP protocol. Users can + configure custom domains with custom SSL, which would not be possible + if SSL was terminated at the load balancer. + +#### Alternate SSH Port + +Some organizations have policies against opening SSH port 22. In this case, +it may be helpful to configure an alternate SSH hostname that allows users +to use SSH on port 443. An alternate SSH hostname will require a new virtual IP address +compared to the other GitLab HTTP configuration above. + +Configure DNS for an alternate SSH hostname such as `altssh.gitlab.example.com`. + +| LB Port | Backend Port | Protocol | +| ------- | ------------ | -------- | +| 443 | 22 | TCP | + +
+ + Back to setup components + +
+ +## Configure Redis + +Using [Redis](https://redis.io/) in scalable environment is possible using a **Primary** x **Replica** +topology with a [Redis Sentinel](https://redis.io/topics/sentinel) service to watch and automatically +start the failover procedure. + +Redis requires authentication if used with Sentinel. See +[Redis Security](https://redis.io/topics/security) documentation for more +information. We recommend using a combination of a Redis password and tight +firewall rules to secure your Redis service. +You are highly encouraged to read the [Redis Sentinel](https://redis.io/topics/sentinel) documentation +before configuring Redis with GitLab to fully understand the topology and +architecture. + +In this section, you'll be guided through configuring an external Redis instance +to be used with GitLab. The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.61`: Redis Primary +- `10.6.0.62`: Redis Replica 1 +- `10.6.0.63`: Redis Replica 2 + +### Provide your own Redis instance + +Managed Redis from cloud providers such as AWS ElastiCache will work. If these +services support high availability, be sure it is **not** the Redis Cluster type. + +Redis version 5.0 or higher is required, as this is what ships with +Omnibus GitLab packages starting with GitLab 13.0. Older Redis versions +do not support an optional count argument to SPOP which is now required for +[Merge Trains](../../ci/merge_request_pipelines/pipelines_for_merged_results/merge_trains/index.md). + +Note the Redis node's IP address or hostname, port, and password (if required). +These will be necessary when configuring the +[GitLab application servers](#configure-gitlab-rails) later. + +### Standalone Redis using Omnibus GitLab + +This is the section where we install and set up the new Redis instances. + +The requirements for a Redis setup are the following: + +1. All Redis nodes must be able to talk to each other and accept incoming + connections over Redis (`6379`) and Sentinel (`26379`) ports (unless you + change the default ones). +1. The server that hosts the GitLab application must be able to access the + Redis nodes. +1. Protect the nodes from access from external networks + ([Internet](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/uploads/c4cc8cd353604bd80315f9384035ff9e/The_Internet_IT_Crowd.png)), + using a firewall. + +NOTE: **Note:** +Redis nodes (both primary and replica) will need the same password defined in +`redis['password']`. At any time during a failover the Sentinels can +reconfigure a node and change its status from primary to replica and vice versa. + +#### Configuring the primary Redis instance + +1. SSH into the **Primary** Redis server. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page. + - Make sure you select the correct Omnibus package, with the same version + and type (Community, Enterprise editions) of your current install. + - Do not complete any other steps on the download page. + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + # Specify server role as 'redis_master_role' + roles ['redis_master_role'] + + # IP address pointing to a local IP that the other machines can reach to. + # You can also set bind to '0.0.0.0' which listen in all interfaces. + # If you really need to bind to an external accessible IP, make + # sure you add extra firewall rules to prevent unauthorized access. + redis['bind'] = '10.6.0.61' + + # Define a port so Redis can listen for TCP requests which will allow other + # machines to connect to it. + redis['port'] = 6379 + + # Set up password authentication for Redis (use the same password in all nodes). + redis['password'] = 'redis-password-goes-here' + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + redis_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9121' + redis_exporter['flags'] = { + 'redis.addr' => 'redis://10.6.0.61:6379', + 'redis.password' => 'redis-password-goes-here', + } + + # Disable auto migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. + +NOTE: **Note:** +You can specify multiple roles like sentinel and Redis as: +`roles ['redis_sentinel_role', 'redis_master_role']`. +Read more about [roles](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/roles/). + +You can list the current Redis Primary, Replica status via: + +```shell +/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/redis-cli -h -a 'redis-password-goes-here' info replication +``` + +Show running GitLab services via: + +```shell +gitlab-ctl status +``` + +The output should be similar to the following: + +```plaintext +run: consul: (pid 30043) 76863s; run: log: (pid 29691) 76892s +run: logrotate: (pid 31152) 3070s; run: log: (pid 29595) 76908s +run: node-exporter: (pid 30064) 76862s; run: log: (pid 29624) 76904s +run: redis: (pid 30070) 76861s; run: log: (pid 29573) 76914s +run: redis-exporter: (pid 30075) 76861s; run: log: (pid 29674) 76896s +``` + +#### Configuring the replica Redis instances + +1. SSH into the **replica** Redis server. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page. + - Make sure you select the correct Omnibus package, with the same version + and type (Community, Enterprise editions) of your current install. + - Do not complete any other steps on the download page. + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + # Specify server role as 'redis_replica_role' + roles ['redis_replica_role'] + + # IP address pointing to a local IP that the other machines can reach to. + # You can also set bind to '0.0.0.0' which listen in all interfaces. + # If you really need to bind to an external accessible IP, make + # sure you add extra firewall rules to prevent unauthorized access. + redis['bind'] = '10.6.0.62' + + # Define a port so Redis can listen for TCP requests which will allow other + # machines to connect to it. + redis['port'] = 6379 + + # The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the primary node. + redis['password'] = 'redis-password-goes-here' + + # The IP of the primary Redis node. + redis['master_ip'] = '10.6.0.61' + + # Port of primary Redis server, uncomment to change to non default. Defaults + # to `6379`. + #redis['master_port'] = 6379 + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + redis_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9121' + redis_exporter['flags'] = { + 'redis.addr' => 'redis://10.6.0.62:6379', + 'redis.password' => 'redis-password-goes-here', + } + + # Disable auto migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. +1. Go through the steps again for all the other replica nodes, and + make sure to set up the IPs correctly. + +NOTE: **Note:** +You can specify multiple roles like sentinel and Redis as: +`roles ['redis_sentinel_role', 'redis_master_role']`. +Read more about [roles](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/roles/). + +These values don't have to be changed again in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` after +a failover, as the nodes will be managed by the [Sentinels](#configure-consul-and-sentinel), and even after a +`gitlab-ctl reconfigure`, they will get their configuration restored by +the same Sentinels. + +Advanced [configuration options](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/redis.html) +are supported and can be added if needed. + +
+ + Back to setup components + +
+ +## Configure Consul and Sentinel + +NOTE: **Note:** +If you are using an external Redis Sentinel instance, be sure +to exclude the `requirepass` parameter from the Sentinel +configuration. This parameter will cause clients to report `NOAUTH +Authentication required.`. [Redis Sentinel 3.2.x does not support +password authentication](https://github.com/antirez/redis/issues/3279). + +Now that the Redis servers are all set up, let's configure the Sentinel +servers. The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.11`: Consul/Sentinel 1 +- `10.6.0.12`: Consul/Sentinel 2 +- `10.6.0.13`: Consul/Sentinel 3 + +To configure the Sentinel: + +1. SSH into the server that will host Consul/Sentinel. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the + Omnibus GitLab Enterprise Edition package using **steps 1 and 2** from the + GitLab downloads page. + - Make sure you select the correct Omnibus package, with the same version + the GitLab application is running. + - Do not complete any other steps on the download page. + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + roles ['redis_sentinel_role', 'consul_role'] + + # Must be the same in every sentinel node + redis['master_name'] = 'gitlab-redis' + + # The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the primary node. + redis['master_password'] = 'redis-password-goes-here' + + # The IP of the primary Redis node. + redis['master_ip'] = '10.6.0.61' + + # Define a port so Redis can listen for TCP requests which will allow other + # machines to connect to it. + redis['port'] = 6379 + + # Port of primary Redis server, uncomment to change to non default. Defaults + # to `6379`. + #redis['master_port'] = 6379 + + ## Configure Sentinel + sentinel['bind'] = '10.6.0.11' + + # Port that Sentinel listens on, uncomment to change to non default. Defaults + # to `26379`. + # sentinel['port'] = 26379 + + ## Quorum must reflect the amount of voting sentinels it take to start a failover. + ## Value must NOT be greater then the amount of sentinels. + ## + ## The quorum can be used to tune Sentinel in two ways: + ## 1. If a the quorum is set to a value smaller than the majority of Sentinels + ## we deploy, we are basically making Sentinel more sensible to primary failures, + ## triggering a failover as soon as even just a minority of Sentinels is no longer + ## able to talk with the primary. + ## 1. If a quorum is set to a value greater than the majority of Sentinels, we are + ## making Sentinel able to failover only when there are a very large number (larger + ## than majority) of well connected Sentinels which agree about the primary being down.s + sentinel['quorum'] = 2 + + ## Consider unresponsive server down after x amount of ms. + # sentinel['down_after_milliseconds'] = 10000 + + ## Specifies the failover timeout in milliseconds. It is used in many ways: + ## + ## - The time needed to re-start a failover after a previous failover was + ## already tried against the same primary by a given Sentinel, is two + ## times the failover timeout. + ## + ## - The time needed for a replica replicating to a wrong primary according + ## to a Sentinel current configuration, to be forced to replicate + ## with the right primary, is exactly the failover timeout (counting since + ## the moment a Sentinel detected the misconfiguration). + ## + ## - The time needed to cancel a failover that is already in progress but + ## did not produced any configuration change (REPLICAOF NO ONE yet not + ## acknowledged by the promoted replica). + ## + ## - The maximum time a failover in progress waits for all the replica to be + ## reconfigured as replicas of the new primary. However even after this time + ## the replicas will be reconfigured by the Sentinels anyway, but not with + ## the exact parallel-syncs progression as specified. + # sentinel['failover_timeout'] = 60000 + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + server: true, + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + redis_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9121' + + # Disable auto migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. +1. Go through the steps again for all the other Consul/Sentinel nodes, and + make sure you set up the correct IPs. + +NOTE: **Note:** +A Consul leader will be elected when the provisioning of the third Consul server is completed. +Viewing the Consul logs `sudo gitlab-ctl tail consul` will display +`...[INFO] consul: New leader elected: ...` + +You can list the current Consul members (server, client): + +```shell +sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/consul members +``` + +You can verify the GitLab services are running: + +```shell +sudo gitlab-ctl status +``` + +The output should be similar to the following: + +```plaintext +run: consul: (pid 30074) 76834s; run: log: (pid 29740) 76844s +run: logrotate: (pid 30925) 3041s; run: log: (pid 29649) 76861s +run: node-exporter: (pid 30093) 76833s; run: log: (pid 29663) 76855s +run: sentinel: (pid 30098) 76832s; run: log: (pid 29704) 76850s +``` + +
+ + Back to setup components + +
+ +## Configure PostgreSQL + +In this section, you'll be guided through configuring an external PostgreSQL database +to be used with GitLab. + +### Provide your own PostgreSQL instance + +If you're hosting GitLab on a cloud provider, you can optionally use a +managed service for PostgreSQL. For example, AWS offers a managed Relational +Database Service (RDS) that runs PostgreSQL. + +If you use a cloud-managed service, or provide your own PostgreSQL: + +1. Set up PostgreSQL according to the + [database requirements document](../../install/requirements.md#database). +1. Set up a `gitlab` username with a password of your choice. The `gitlab` user + needs privileges to create the `gitlabhq_production` database. +1. Configure the GitLab application servers with the appropriate details. + This step is covered in [Configuring the GitLab Rails application](#configure-gitlab-rails). + +### Standalone PostgreSQL using Omnibus GitLab + +The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.31`: PostgreSQL primary +- `10.6.0.32`: PostgreSQL secondary 1 +- `10.6.0.33`: PostgreSQL secondary 2 + +First, make sure to [install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) +the Linux GitLab package **on each node**. Following the steps, +install the necessary dependencies from step 1, and add the +GitLab package repository from step 2. When installing GitLab +in the second step, do not supply the `EXTERNAL_URL` value. + +#### PostgreSQL primary node + +1. SSH into the PostgreSQL primary node. +1. Generate a password hash for the PostgreSQL username/password pair. This assumes you will use the default + username of `gitlab` (recommended). The command will request a password + and confirmation. Use the value that is output by this command in the next + step as the value of ``: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 gitlab + ``` + +1. Generate a password hash for the PgBouncer username/password pair. This assumes you will use the default + username of `pgbouncer` (recommended). The command will request a password + and confirmation. Use the value that is output by this command in the next + step as the value of ``: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 pgbouncer + ``` + +1. Generate a password hash for the Consul database username/password pair. This assumes you will use the default + username of `gitlab-consul` (recommended). The command will request a password + and confirmation. Use the value that is output by this command in the next + step as the value of ``: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 gitlab-consul + ``` + +1. On the primary database node, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` replacing values noted in the `# START user configuration` section: + + ```ruby + # Disable all components except PostgreSQL and Repmgr and Consul + roles ['postgres_role'] + + # PostgreSQL configuration + postgresql['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0' + postgresql['hot_standby'] = 'on' + postgresql['wal_level'] = 'replica' + postgresql['shared_preload_libraries'] = 'repmgr_funcs' + + # Disable automatic database migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the Consul agent + consul['services'] = %w(postgresql) + + # START user configuration + # Please set the real values as explained in Required Information section + # + # Replace PGBOUNCER_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['pgbouncer_user_password'] = '' + # Replace POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['sql_user_password'] = '' + # Set `max_wal_senders` to one more than the number of database nodes in the cluster. + # This is used to prevent replication from using up all of the + # available database connections. + postgresql['max_wal_senders'] = 4 + postgresql['max_replication_slots'] = 4 + + # Replace XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/YY with Network Address + postgresql['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + repmgr['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on for monitoring + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + postgres_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9187' + postgres_exporter['dbname'] = 'gitlabhq_production' + postgres_exporter['password'] = '' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + # + # END user configuration + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. +1. You can list the current PostgreSQL primary, secondary nodes status via: + + ```shell + sudo /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-ctl repmgr cluster show + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 30593) 77133s; run: log: (pid 29912) 77156s + run: logrotate: (pid 23449) 3341s; run: log: (pid 29794) 77175s + run: node-exporter: (pid 30613) 77133s; run: log: (pid 29824) 77170s + run: postgres-exporter: (pid 30620) 77132s; run: log: (pid 29894) 77163s + run: postgresql: (pid 30630) 77132s; run: log: (pid 29618) 77181s + run: repmgrd: (pid 30639) 77132s; run: log: (pid 29985) 77150s + ``` + + + +#### PostgreSQL secondary nodes + +1. On both the secondary nodes, add the same configuration specified above for the primary node + with an additional setting that will inform `gitlab-ctl` that they are standby nodes initially + and there's no need to attempt to register them as a primary node: + + ```ruby + # Disable all components except PostgreSQL and Repmgr and Consul + roles ['postgres_role'] + + # PostgreSQL configuration + postgresql['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0' + postgresql['hot_standby'] = 'on' + postgresql['wal_level'] = 'replica' + postgresql['shared_preload_libraries'] = 'repmgr_funcs' + + # Disable automatic database migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the Consul agent + consul['services'] = %w(postgresql) + + # Specify if a node should attempt to be primary on initialization. + repmgr['master_on_initialization'] = false + + # START user configuration + # Please set the real values as explained in Required Information section + # + # Replace PGBOUNCER_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['pgbouncer_user_password'] = '' + # Replace POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['sql_user_password'] = '' + # Set `max_wal_senders` to one more than the number of database nodes in the cluster. + # This is used to prevent replication from using up all of the + # available database connections. + postgresql['max_wal_senders'] = 4 + postgresql['max_replication_slots'] = 4 + + # Replace XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/YY with Network Address + postgresql['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + repmgr['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on for monitoring + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + postgres_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9187' + postgres_exporter['dbname'] = 'gitlabhq_production' + postgres_exporter['password'] = '' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + # END user configuration + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. + +Advanced [configuration options](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/database.html) +are supported and can be added if needed. + + + +#### PostgreSQL post-configuration + +SSH into the **primary node**: + +1. Open a database prompt: + + ```shell + gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production + ``` + +1. Enable the `pg_trgm` extension: + + ```shell + CREATE EXTENSION pg_trgm; + ``` + +1. Exit the database prompt by typing `\q` and Enter. + +1. Verify the cluster is initialized with one node: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl repmgr cluster show + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + Role | Name | Upstream | Connection String + ----------+----------|----------|---------------------------------------- + * master | HOSTNAME | | host=HOSTNAME user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr + ``` + +1. Note down the hostname or IP address in the connection string: `host=HOSTNAME`. We will + refer to the hostname in the next section as ``. If the value + is not an IP address, it will need to be a resolvable name (via DNS or + `/etc/hosts`) + +SSH into the **secondary node**: + +1. Set up the repmgr standby: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl repmgr standby setup + ``` + + Do note that this will remove the existing data on the node. The command + has a wait time. + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```console + Doing this will delete the entire contents of /var/opt/gitlab/postgresql/data + If this is not what you want, hit Ctrl-C now to exit + To skip waiting, rerun with the -w option + Sleeping for 30 seconds + Stopping the database + Removing the data + Cloning the data + Starting the database + Registering the node with the cluster + ok: run: repmgrd: (pid 19068) 0s + ``` + +Before moving on, make sure the databases are configured correctly. Run the +following command on the **primary** node to verify that replication is working +properly and the secondary nodes appear in the cluster: + +```shell +gitlab-ctl repmgr cluster show +``` + +The output should be similar to the following: + +```plaintext +Role | Name | Upstream | Connection String +----------+---------|-----------|------------------------------------------------ +* master | MASTER | | host= user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr + standby | STANDBY | MASTER | host= user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr + standby | STANDBY | MASTER | host= user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr +``` + +If the 'Role' column for any node says "FAILED", check the +[Troubleshooting section](troubleshooting.md) before proceeding. + +Also, check that the `repmgr-check-master` command works successfully on each node: + +```shell +su - gitlab-consul +gitlab-ctl repmgr-check-master || echo 'This node is a standby repmgr node' +``` + +This command relies on exit codes to tell Consul whether a particular node is a master +or secondary. The most important thing here is that this command does not produce errors. +If there are errors it's most likely due to incorrect `gitlab-consul` database user permissions. +Check the [Troubleshooting section](troubleshooting.md) before proceeding. + + + +## Configure PgBouncer + +Now that the PostgreSQL servers are all set up, let's configure PgBouncer. +The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.21`: PgBouncer 1 +- `10.6.0.22`: PgBouncer 2 +- `10.6.0.23`: PgBouncer 3 + +1. On each PgBouncer node, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`, and replace + `` and `` with the + password hashes you [set up previously](#postgresql-primary-node): + + ```ruby + # Disable all components except Pgbouncer and Consul agent + roles ['pgbouncer_role'] + + # Configure PgBouncer + pgbouncer['admin_users'] = %w(pgbouncer gitlab-consul) + + pgbouncer['users'] = { + 'gitlab-consul': { + password: '' + }, + 'pgbouncer': { + password: '' + } + } + + # Configure Consul agent + consul['watchers'] = %w(postgresql) + consul['enable'] = true + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13) + } + + # Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + pgbouncer_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9188' + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. + +1. Create a `.pgpass` file so Consul is able to + reload PgBouncer. Enter the PgBouncer password twice when asked: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl write-pgpass --host 127.0.0.1 --database pgbouncer --user pgbouncer --hostuser gitlab-consul + ``` + +1. Ensure each node is talking to the current master: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl pgb-console # You will be prompted for PGBOUNCER_PASSWORD + ``` + + If there is an error `psql: ERROR: Auth failed` after typing in the + password, ensure you previously generated the MD5 password hashes with the correct + format. The correct format is to concatenate the password and the username: + `PASSWORDUSERNAME`. For example, `Sup3rS3cr3tpgbouncer` would be the text + needed to generate an MD5 password hash for the `pgbouncer` user. + +1. Once the console prompt is available, run the following queries: + + ```shell + show databases ; show clients ; + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + name | host | port | database | force_user | pool_size | reserve_pool | pool_mode | max_connections | current_connections + ---------------------+-------------+------+---------------------+------------+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------------- + gitlabhq_production | MASTER_HOST | 5432 | gitlabhq_production | | 20 | 0 | | 0 | 0 + pgbouncer | | 6432 | pgbouncer | pgbouncer | 2 | 0 | statement | 0 | 0 + (2 rows) + + type | user | database | state | addr | port | local_addr | local_port | connect_time | request_time | ptr | link | remote_pid | tls + ------+-----------+---------------------+---------+----------------+-------+------------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+-----------+------+------------+----- + C | pgbouncer | pgbouncer | active | 127.0.0.1 | 56846 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2017-08-21 18:09:59 | 2017-08-21 18:10:48 | 0x22b3880 | | 0 | + (2 rows) + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 31530) 77150s; run: log: (pid 31106) 77182s + run: logrotate: (pid 32613) 3357s; run: log: (pid 30107) 77500s + run: node-exporter: (pid 31550) 77149s; run: log: (pid 30138) 77493s + run: pgbouncer: (pid 32033) 75593s; run: log: (pid 31117) 77175s + run: pgbouncer-exporter: (pid 31558) 77148s; run: log: (pid 31498) 77156s + ``` + + + +### Configure the internal load balancer + +If you're running more than one PgBouncer node as recommended, then at this time you'll need to set +up a TCP internal load balancer to serve each correctly. + +The following IP will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.20`: Internal Load Balancer + +Here's how you could do it with [HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/): + +```plaintext +global + log /dev/log local0 + log localhost local1 notice + log stdout format raw local0 + +defaults + log global + default-server inter 10s fall 3 rise 2 + balance leastconn + +frontend internal-pgbouncer-tcp-in + bind *:6432 + mode tcp + option tcplog + + default_backend pgbouncer + +backend pgbouncer + mode tcp + option tcp-check + + server pgbouncer1 10.6.0.21:6432 check + server pgbouncer2 10.6.0.22:6432 check + server pgbouncer3 10.6.0.23:6432 check +``` + +Refer to your preferred Load Balancer's documentation for further guidance. + + + +## Configure Gitaly + +Deploying Gitaly in its own server can benefit GitLab installations that are +larger than a single machine. + +The Gitaly node requirements are dependent on customer data, specifically the number of +projects and their repository sizes. Two nodes are recommended as an absolute minimum. +Each Gitaly node should store no more than 5TB of data and have the number of +[`gitaly-ruby` workers](../gitaly/index.md#gitaly-ruby) set to 20% of available CPUs. +Additional nodes should be considered in conjunction with a review of expected +data size and spread based on the recommendations above. + +It is also strongly recommended that all Gitaly nodes be set up with SSD disks with +a throughput of at least 8,000 IOPS for read operations and 2,000 IOPS for write, +as Gitaly has heavy I/O. These IOPS values are recommended only as a starter as with +time they may be adjusted higher or lower depending on the scale of your environment's workload. +If you're running the environment on a Cloud provider, you may need to refer to +their documentation on how to configure IOPS correctly. + +Some things to note: + +- The GitLab Rails application shards repositories into [repository storages](../repository_storage_paths.md). +- A Gitaly server can host one or more storages. +- A GitLab server can use one or more Gitaly servers. +- Gitaly addresses must be specified in such a way that they resolve + correctly for ALL Gitaly clients. +- Gitaly servers must not be exposed to the public internet, as Gitaly's network + traffic is unencrypted by default. The use of a firewall is highly recommended + to restrict access to the Gitaly server. Another option is to + [use TLS](#gitaly-tls-support). + +TIP: **Tip:** +For more information about Gitaly's history and network architecture see the +[standalone Gitaly documentation](../gitaly/index.md). + +Note: **Note:** The token referred to throughout the Gitaly documentation is +just an arbitrary password selected by the administrator. It is unrelated to +tokens created for the GitLab API or other similar web API tokens. + +Below we describe how to configure two Gitaly servers, with IPs and +domain names: + +- `10.6.0.51`: Gitaly 1 (`gitaly1.internal`) +- `10.6.0.52`: Gitaly 2 (`gitaly2.internal`) + +The secret token is assumed to be `gitalysecret` and that +your GitLab installation has three repository storages: + +- `default` on Gitaly 1 +- `storage1` on Gitaly 1 +- `storage2` on Gitaly 2 + +On each node: + +1. [Download/Install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page but + **without** providing the `EXTERNAL_URL` value. +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` to configure storage paths, enable + the network listener and configure the token: + + + + ```ruby + # /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb + + # Gitaly and GitLab use two shared secrets for authentication, one to authenticate gRPC requests + # to Gitaly, and a second for authentication callbacks from GitLab-Shell to the GitLab internal API. + # The following two values must be the same as their respective values + # of the GitLab Rails application setup + gitaly['auth_token'] = 'gitlaysecret' + gitlab_shell['secret_token'] = 'shellsecret' + + # Avoid running unnecessary services on the Gitaly server + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = false + puma['enable'] = false + unicorn['enable'] = false + sidekiq['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + grafana['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + + # If you run a seperate monitoring node you can disable these services + alertmanager['enable'] = false + prometheus['enable'] = false + + # Prevent database connections during 'gitlab-ctl reconfigure' + gitlab_rails['rake_cache_clear'] = false + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the gitlab-shell API callback URL. Without this, `git push` will + # fail. This can be your 'front door' GitLab URL or an internal load + # balancer. + # Don't forget to copy `/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json` from web server to Gitaly server. + gitlab_rails['internal_api_url'] = 'https://gitlab.example.com' + + # Make Gitaly accept connections on all network interfaces. You must use + # firewalls to restrict access to this address/port. + # Comment out following line if you only want to support TLS connections + gitaly['listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:8075" + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on for monitoring + gitaly['prometheus_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9236" + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + gitlab_rails['prometheus_address'] = '10.6.0.81:9090' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + ``` + +1. Append the following to `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` for each respective server: + 1. On `gitaly1.internal`: + + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { + 'path' => '/var/opt/gitlab/git-data' + }, + 'storage1' => { + 'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/git-data' + }, + }) + ``` + + 1. On `gitaly2.internal`: + + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'storage2' => { + 'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/git-data' + }, + }) + ``` + + + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Confirm that Gitaly can perform callbacks to the internal API: + + ```shell + sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/bin/check -config /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/config.yml + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 30339) 77006s; run: log: (pid 29878) 77020s + run: gitaly: (pid 30351) 77005s; run: log: (pid 29660) 77040s + run: logrotate: (pid 7760) 3213s; run: log: (pid 29782) 77032s + run: node-exporter: (pid 30378) 77004s; run: log: (pid 29812) 77026s + ``` + +### Gitaly TLS support + +Gitaly supports TLS encryption. To be able to communicate +with a Gitaly instance that listens for secure connections you will need to use `tls://` URL +scheme in the `gitaly_address` of the corresponding storage entry in the GitLab configuration. + +You will need to bring your own certificates as this isn't provided automatically. +The certificate, or its certificate authority, must be installed on all Gitaly +nodes (including the Gitaly node using the certificate) and on all client nodes +that communicate with it following the procedure described in +[GitLab custom certificate configuration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#install-custom-public-certificates). + +NOTE: **Note:** +The self-signed certificate must specify the address you use to access the +Gitaly server. If you are addressing the Gitaly server by a hostname, you can +either use the Common Name field for this, or add it as a Subject Alternative +Name. If you are addressing the Gitaly server by its IP address, you must add it +as a Subject Alternative Name to the certificate. +[gRPC does not support using an IP address as Common Name in a certificate](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/2691). + +NOTE: **Note:** +It is possible to configure Gitaly servers with both an +unencrypted listening address `listen_addr` and an encrypted listening +address `tls_listen_addr` at the same time. This allows you to do a +gradual transition from unencrypted to encrypted traffic, if necessary. + +To configure Gitaly with TLS: + +1. Create the `/etc/gitlab/ssl` directory and copy your key and certificate there: + + ```shell + sudo mkdir -p /etc/gitlab/ssl + sudo chmod 755 /etc/gitlab/ssl + sudo cp key.pem cert.pem /etc/gitlab/ssl/ + sudo chmod 644 key.pem cert.pem + ``` + +1. Copy the cert to `/etc/gitlab/trusted-certs` so Gitaly will trust the cert when + calling into itself: + + ```shell + sudo cp /etc/gitlab/ssl/cert.pem /etc/gitlab/trusted-certs/ + ``` + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add: + + + + ```ruby + gitaly['tls_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9999" + gitaly['certificate_path'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/cert.pem" + gitaly['key_path'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/key.pem" + ``` + +1. Delete `gitaly['listen_addr']` to allow only encrypted connections. +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). + + + +## Configure Sidekiq + +Sidekiq requires connection to the Redis, PostgreSQL and Gitaly instance. +The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.71`: Sidekiq 1 +- `10.6.0.72`: Sidekiq 2 +- `10.6.0.73`: Sidekiq 3 +- `10.6.0.74`: Sidekiq 4 + +To configure the Sidekiq nodes, one each one: + +1. SSH into the Sidekiq server. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab package +you want using steps 1 and 2 from the GitLab downloads page. +**Do not complete any other steps on the download page.** +1. Open `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` with your editor: + + ```ruby + ######################################## + ##### Services Disabled ### + ######################################## + + nginx['enable'] = false + grafana['enable'] = false + prometheus['enable'] = false + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + alertmanager['enable'] = false + gitaly['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = false + puma['enable'] = false + postgres_exporter['enable'] = false + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + redis_exporter['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + + ######################################## + #### Redis ### + ######################################## + + ## Must be the same in every sentinel node + redis['master_name'] = 'gitlab-redis' + + ## The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the master node. + redis['master_password'] = '' + + ## A list of sentinels with `host` and `port` + gitlab_rails['redis_sentinels'] = [ + {'host' => '10.6.0.11', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.12', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.13', 'port' => 26379}, + ] + + ####################################### + ### Gitaly ### + ####################################### + + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly2.internal:8075' }, + }) + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'YOUR_TOKEN' + + ####################################### + ### Postgres ### + ####################################### + gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '10.6.0.20' # internal load balancer IP + gitlab_rails['db_port'] = 6432 + gitlab_rails['db_password'] = '' + gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = 'postgresql' + gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = 'unicode' + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + ####################################### + ### Sidekiq configuration ### + ####################################### + sidekiq['listen_address'] = "0.0.0.0" + + ####################################### + ### Monitoring configuration ### + ####################################### + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13) + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + + # Rails Status for prometheus + gitlab_rails['monitoring_whitelist'] = ['10.6.0.81/32', '127.0.0.0/8'] + gitlab_rails['prometheus_address'] = '10.6.0.81:9090' + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 30114) 77353s; run: log: (pid 29756) 77367s + run: logrotate: (pid 9898) 3561s; run: log: (pid 29653) 77380s + run: node-exporter: (pid 30134) 77353s; run: log: (pid 29706) 77372s + run: sidekiq: (pid 30142) 77351s; run: log: (pid 29638) 77386s + ``` + +TIP: **Tip:** +You can also run [multiple Sidekiq processes](../operations/extra_sidekiq_processes.md). + + + +## Configure GitLab Rails + +NOTE: **Note:** +In our architectures we run each GitLab Rails node using the Puma webserver +and have its number of workers set to 90% of available CPUs along with four threads. For +nodes that are running Rails with other components the worker value should be reduced +accordingly where we've found 50% achieves a good balance but this is dependent +on workload. + +This section describes how to configure the GitLab application (Rails) component. +On each node perform the following: + +1. If you're [using NFS](#configure-nfs-optional): + + 1. If necessary, install the NFS client utility packages using the following + commands: + + ```shell + # Ubuntu/Debian + apt-get install nfs-common + + # CentOS/Red Hat + yum install nfs-utils nfs-utils-lib + ``` + + 1. Specify the necessary NFS mounts in `/etc/fstab`. + The exact contents of `/etc/fstab` will depend on how you chose + to configure your NFS server. See the [NFS documentation](../high_availability/nfs.md) + for examples and the various options. + + 1. Create the shared directories. These may be different depending on your NFS + mount locations. + + ```shell + mkdir -p /var/opt/gitlab/.ssh /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-ci/builds /var/opt/gitlab/git-data + ``` + +1. Download/install Omnibus GitLab using **steps 1 and 2** from + [GitLab downloads](https://about.gitlab.com/install/). Do not complete other + steps on the download page. +1. Create/edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and use the following configuration. + To maintain uniformity of links across nodes, the `external_url` + on the application server should point to the external URL that users will use + to access GitLab. This would be the URL of the [external load balancer](#configure-the-external-load-balancer) + which will route traffic to the GitLab application server: + + ```ruby + external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com' + + # Gitaly and GitLab use two shared secrets for authentication, one to authenticate gRPC requests + # to Gitaly, and a second for authentication callbacks from GitLab-Shell to the GitLab internal API. + # The following two values must be the same as their respective values + # of the Gitaly setup + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'gitalyecret' + gitlab_shell['secret_token'] = 'shellsecret' + + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly2.internal:8075' }, + }) + + ## Disable components that will not be on the GitLab application server + roles ['application_role'] + gitaly['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = true + sidekiq['enable'] = false + + ## PostgreSQL connection details + # Disable PostgreSQL on the application node + postgresql['enable'] = false + gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '10.6.0.20' # internal load balancer IP + gitlab_rails['db_port'] = 6432 + gitlab_rails['db_password'] = '' + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + ## Redis connection details + ## Must be the same in every sentinel node + redis['master_name'] = 'gitlab-redis' + + ## The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the Redis primary node. + redis['master_password'] = '' + + ## A list of sentinels with `host` and `port` + gitlab_rails['redis_sentinels'] = [ + {'host' => '10.6.0.11', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.12', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.13', 'port' => 26379} + ] + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters used for monitoring will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + gitlab_workhorse['prometheus_listen_addr'] = '0.0.0.0:9229' + sidekiq['listen_address'] = "0.0.0.0" + puma['listen'] = '0.0.0.0' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Add the monitoring node's IP address to the monitoring whitelist and allow it to + # scrape the NGINX metrics + gitlab_rails['monitoring_whitelist'] = ['10.6.0.81/32', '127.0.0.0/8'] + nginx['status']['options']['allow'] = ['10.6.0.81/32', '127.0.0.0/8'] + gitlab_rails['prometheus_address'] = '10.6.0.81:9090' + + ## Uncomment and edit the following options if you have set up NFS + ## + ## Prevent GitLab from starting if NFS data mounts are not available + ## + #high_availability['mountpoint'] = '/var/opt/gitlab/git-data' + ## + ## Ensure UIDs and GIDs match between servers for permissions via NFS + ## + #user['uid'] = 9000 + #user['gid'] = 9000 + #web_server['uid'] = 9001 + #web_server['gid'] = 9001 + #registry['uid'] = 9002 + #registry['gid'] = 9002 + ``` + +1. If you're using [Gitaly with TLS support](#gitaly-tls-support), make sure the + `git_data_dirs` entry is configured with `tls` instead of `tcp`: + + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly1.internal:9999' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly1.internal:9999' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly2.internal:9999' }, + }) + ``` + + 1. Copy the cert into `/etc/gitlab/trusted-certs`: + + ```shell + sudo cp cert.pem /etc/gitlab/trusted-certs/ + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Run `sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:gitaly:check` to confirm the node can connect to Gitaly. +1. Tail the logs to see the requests: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl tail gitaly + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 4890) 8647s; run: log: (pid 29962) 79128s + run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 4902) 8647s; run: log: (pid 29913) 79134s + run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 4904) 8646s; run: log: (pid 29713) 79155s + run: logrotate: (pid 12425) 1446s; run: log: (pid 29798) 79146s + run: nginx: (pid 4925) 8646s; run: log: (pid 29726) 79152s + run: node-exporter: (pid 4931) 8645s; run: log: (pid 29855) 79140s + run: puma: (pid 4936) 8645s; run: log: (pid 29656) 79161s + ``` + +NOTE: **Note:** +When you specify `https` in the `external_url`, as in the example +above, GitLab assumes you have SSL certificates in `/etc/gitlab/ssl/`. If +certificates are not present, NGINX will fail to start. See the +[NGINX documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) +for more information. + +### GitLab Rails post-configuration + +1. Ensure that all migrations ran: + + ```shell + gitlab-rake gitlab:db:configure + ``` + + NOTE: **Note:** + If you encounter a `rake aborted!` error stating that PgBouncer is failing to connect to + PostgreSQL it may be that your PgBouncer node's IP address is missing from + PostgreSQL's `trust_auth_cidr_addresses` in `gitlab.rb` on your database nodes. See + [PgBouncer error `ERROR: pgbouncer cannot connect to server`](troubleshooting.md#pgbouncer-error-error-pgbouncer-cannot-connect-to-server) + in the Troubleshooting section before proceeding. + +1. [Configure fast lookup of authorized SSH keys in the database](../operations/fast_ssh_key_lookup.md). + + + +## Configure Prometheus + +The Omnibus GitLab package can be used to configure a standalone Monitoring node +running [Prometheus](../monitoring/prometheus/index.md) and +[Grafana](../monitoring/performance/grafana_configuration.md): + +1. SSH into the Monitoring node. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page. + Do not complete any other steps on the download page. +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + external_url 'http://gitlab.example.com' + + # Disable all other services + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + alertmanager['enable'] = false + gitaly['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = true + postgres_exporter['enable'] = false + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + redis_exporter['enable'] = false + sidekiq['enable'] = false + puma['enable'] = false + unicorn['enable'] = false + node_exporter['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + + # Enable Prometheus + prometheus['enable'] = true + prometheus['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9090' + prometheus['monitor_kubernetes'] = false + + # Enable Login form + grafana['disable_login_form'] = false + + # Enable Grafana + grafana['enable'] = true + grafana['admin_password'] = '' + + # Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13) + } + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. In the GitLab UI, set `admin/application_settings/metrics_and_profiling` > Metrics - Grafana to `/-/grafana` to + `http[s]:///-/grafana`. +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 31637) 17337s; run: log: (pid 29748) 78432s + run: grafana: (pid 31644) 17337s; run: log: (pid 29719) 78438s + run: logrotate: (pid 31809) 2936s; run: log: (pid 29581) 78462s + run: nginx: (pid 31665) 17335s; run: log: (pid 29556) 78468s + run: prometheus: (pid 31672) 17335s; run: log: (pid 29633) 78456s + ``` + + + +## Configure the object storage + +GitLab supports using an object storage service for holding numerous types of data. +It's recommended over [NFS](#configure-nfs-optional) and in general it's better +in larger setups as object storage is typically much more performant, reliable, +and scalable. + +Object storage options that GitLab has tested, or is aware of customers using include: + +- SaaS/Cloud solutions such as [Amazon S3](https://aws.amazon.com/s3/), [Google cloud storage](https://cloud.google.com/storage). +- On-premises hardware and appliances from various storage vendors. +- MinIO. There is [a guide to deploying this](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/minio.html) within our Helm Chart documentation. + +For configuring GitLab to use Object Storage refer to the following guides +based on what features you intend to use: + +1. Configure [object storage for backups](../../raketasks/backup_restore.md#uploading-backups-to-a-remote-cloud-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for job artifacts](../job_artifacts.md#using-object-storage) + including [incremental logging](../job_logs.md#new-incremental-logging-architecture). +1. Configure [object storage for LFS objects](../lfs/index.md#storing-lfs-objects-in-remote-object-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for uploads](../uploads.md#using-object-storage-core-only). +1. Configure [object storage for merge request diffs](../merge_request_diffs.md#using-object-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for Container Registry](../packages/container_registry.md#use-object-storage) (optional feature). +1. Configure [object storage for Mattermost](https://docs.mattermost.com/administration/config-settings.html#file-storage) (optional feature). +1. Configure [object storage for packages](../packages/index.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** +1. Configure [object storage for Dependency Proxy](../packages/dependency_proxy.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** +1. Configure [object storage for Pseudonymizer](../pseudonymizer.md#configuration) (optional feature). **(ULTIMATE ONLY)** +1. Configure [object storage for autoscale Runner caching](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/autoscale.html#distributed-runners-caching) (optional - for improved performance). +1. Configure [object storage for Terraform state files](../terraform_state.md#using-object-storage-core-only). + +Using separate buckets for each data type is the recommended approach for GitLab. + +A limitation of our configuration is that each use of object storage is separately configured. +[We have an issue for improving this](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/23345) +and easily using one bucket with separate folders is one improvement that this might bring. + +There is at least one specific issue with using the same bucket: +when GitLab is deployed with the Helm chart restore from backup +[will not properly function](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/#lfs-artifacts-uploads-packages-external-diffs-pseudonymizer) +unless separate buckets are used. + +One risk of using a single bucket would be if your organization decided to +migrate GitLab to the Helm deployment in the future. GitLab would run, but the situation with +backups might not be realized until the organization had a critical requirement for the backups to +work. + + + +## Configure NFS (optional) + +[Object storage](#configure-the-object-storage), along with [Gitaly](#configure-gitaly) +are recommended over NFS wherever possible for improved performance. If you intend +to use GitLab Pages, this currently [requires NFS](troubleshooting.md#gitlab-pages-requires-nfs). + +See how to [configure NFS](../high_availability/nfs.md). + + + +## Troubleshooting + +See the [troubleshooting documentation](troubleshooting.md). + + diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/50k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/50k_users.md index dd94f5470b4..2540fe68dac 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/50k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/50k_users.md @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ For a full list of reference architectures, see For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class + [Redis Cluster](../redis/replication_and_failover.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/5k_users.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/5k_users.md index 604572b083e..0b4114bca6e 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/5k_users.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/5k_users.md @@ -1,73 +1,1767 @@ +--- +reading_time: true +--- + # Reference architecture: up to 5,000 users This page describes GitLab reference architecture for up to 5,000 users. For a full list of reference architectures, see [Available reference architectures](index.md#available-reference-architectures). +NOTE: **Note:** +The 5,000-user reference architecture documented below is +designed to help your organization achieve a highly-available GitLab deployment. +If you do not have the expertise or need to maintain a highly-available +environment, you can have a simpler and less costly-to-operate environment by +following the [2,000-user reference architecture](2k_users.md). + > - **Supported users (approximate):** 5,000 > - **High Availability:** True > - **Test RPS rates:** API: 100 RPS, Web: 10 RPS, Git: 10 RPS -| Service | Nodes | Configuration ([8](#footnotes)) | GCP | AWS | Azure | -|--------------------------------------------------------------|-------|---------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------|----------------| -| GitLab Rails ([1](#footnotes)) | 3 | 16 vCPU, 14.4GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-16` | `c5.4xlarge` | F16s v2 | -| PostgreSQL | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | D2s v3 | -| PgBouncer | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| Gitaly ([2](#footnotes)) ([5](#footnotes)) ([7](#footnotes)) | X | 8 vCPU, 30GB Memory | `n1-standard-8` | `m5.2xlarge` | D8s v3 | -| Redis ([3](#footnotes)) | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | D2s v3 | -| Consul + Sentinel ([3](#footnotes)) | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| Sidekiq | 4 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | D2s v3 | -| Object Storage ([4](#footnotes)) | - | - | - | - | - | -| NFS Server ([5](#footnotes)) ([7](#footnotes)) | 1 | 4 vCPU, 3.6GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-4` | `c5.xlarge` | F4s v2 | -| Monitoring node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| External load balancing node ([6](#footnotes)) | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | -| Internal load balancing node ([6](#footnotes)) | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | F2s v2 | - -## Footnotes - -1. In our architectures we run each GitLab Rails node using the Puma webserver - and have its number of workers set to 90% of available CPUs along with four threads. For - nodes that are running Rails with other components the worker value should be reduced - accordingly where we've found 50% achieves a good balance but this is dependent - on workload. - -1. Gitaly node requirements are dependent on customer data, specifically the number of - projects and their sizes. We recommend two nodes as an absolute minimum for HA environments - and at least four nodes should be used when supporting 50,000 or more users. - We also recommend that each Gitaly node should store no more than 5TB of data - and have the number of [`gitaly-ruby` workers](../gitaly/index.md#gitaly-ruby) - set to 20% of available CPUs. Additional nodes should be considered in conjunction - with a review of expected data size and spread based on the recommendations above. - -1. Recommended Redis setup differs depending on the size of the architecture. - For smaller architectures (less than 3,000 users) a single instance should suffice. - For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all - classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. - For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class - and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend - that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. - -1. For data objects such as LFS, Uploads, Artifacts, etc. We recommend an [Object Storage service](../object_storage.md) - over NFS where possible, due to better performance and availability. - -1. NFS can be used as an alternative for both repository data (replacing Gitaly) and - object storage but this isn't typically recommended for performance reasons. Note however it is required for - [GitLab Pages](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages/-/issues/196). - -1. Our architectures have been tested and validated with [HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/) - as the load balancer. Although other load balancers with similar feature sets - could also be used, those load balancers have not been validated. - -1. We strongly recommend that any Gitaly or NFS nodes be set up with SSD disks over - HDD with a throughput of at least 8,000 IOPS for read operations and 2,000 IOPS for write - as these components have heavy I/O. These IOPS values are recommended only as a starter - as with time they may be adjusted higher or lower depending on the scale of your - environment's workload. If you're running the environment on a Cloud provider - you may need to refer to their documentation on how configure IOPS correctly. - -1. The architectures were built and tested with the [Intel Xeon E5 v3 (Haswell)](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/cpu-platforms) - CPU platform on GCP. On different hardware you may find that adjustments, either lower - or higher, are required for your CPU or Node counts accordingly. For more information, a - [Sysbench](https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench) benchmark of the CPU can be found - [here](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/performance/-/wikis/Reference-Architectures/GCP-CPU-Benchmarks). +| Service | Nodes | Configuration | GCP | AWS | Azure | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|-------|---------------------------------|-----------------|-----------------------|----------------| +| External load balancing node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Redis | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| Consul + Sentinel | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| PostgreSQL | 3 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| PgBouncer | 3 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Internal load balancing node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Gitaly | 2 minimum | 8 vCPU, 30GB Memory | `n1-standard-8` | `m5.2xlarge` | `D8s v3` | +| Sidekiq | 4 | 2 vCPU, 7.5GB Memory | `n1-standard-2` | `m5.large` | `D2s v3` | +| GitLab Rails | 3 | 16 vCPU, 14.4GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-16` | `c5.4xlarge` | `F16s v2` | +| Monitoring node | 1 | 2 vCPU, 1.8GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-2` | `c5.large` | `F2s v2` | +| Object Storage | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | +| NFS Server (optional, not recommended) | 1 | 4 vCPU, 3.6GB Memory | `n1-highcpu-4` | `c5.xlarge` | `F4s v2` | + +The architectures were built and tested with the [Intel Xeon E5 v3 (Haswell)](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/cpu-platforms) +CPU platform on GCP. On different hardware you may find that adjustments, either lower +or higher, are required for your CPU or Node counts accordingly. For more information, a +[Sysbench](https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench) benchmark of the CPU can be found +[here](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/performance/-/wikis/Reference-Architectures/GCP-CPU-Benchmarks). + +For data objects such as LFS, Uploads, Artifacts, etc, an [object storage service](#configure-the-object-storage) +is recommended over NFS where possible, due to better performance and availability. +Since this doesn't require a node to be set up, it's marked as not applicable (n/a) +in the table above. + +## Setup components + +To set up GitLab and its components to accommodate up to 5,000 users: + +1. [Configure the external load balancing node](#configure-the-external-load-balancer) + that will handle the load balancing of the two GitLab application services nodes. +1. [Configure Redis](#configure-redis). +1. [Configure Consul and Sentinel](#configure-consul-and-sentinel). +1. [Configure PostgreSQL](#configure-postgresql), the database for GitLab. +1. [Configure PgBouncer](#configure-pgbouncer). +1. [Configure the internal load balancing node](#configure-the-internal-load-balancer) +1. [Configure Gitaly](#configure-gitaly), + which provides access to the Git repositories. +1. [Configure Sidekiq](#configure-sidekiq). +1. [Configure the main GitLab Rails application](#configure-gitlab-rails) + to run Puma/Unicorn, Workhorse, GitLab Shell, and to serve all frontend requests (UI, API, Git + over HTTP/SSH). +1. [Configure Prometheus](#configure-prometheus) to monitor your GitLab environment. +1. [Configure the Object Storage](#configure-the-object-storage) + used for shared data objects. +1. [Configure NFS (Optional)](#configure-nfs-optional) + to have shared disk storage service as an alternative to Gitaly and/or Object Storage (although + not recommended). NFS is required for GitLab Pages, you can skip this step if you're not using + that feature. + +We start with all servers on the same 10.6.0.0/16 private network range, they +can connect to each other freely on those addresses. + +Here is a list and description of each machine and the assigned IP: + +- `10.6.0.10`: External Load Balancer +- `10.6.0.61`: Redis Primary +- `10.6.0.62`: Redis Replica 1 +- `10.6.0.63`: Redis Replica 2 +- `10.6.0.11`: Consul/Sentinel 1 +- `10.6.0.12`: Consul/Sentinel 2 +- `10.6.0.13`: Consul/Sentinel 3 +- `10.6.0.31`: PostgreSQL primary +- `10.6.0.32`: PostgreSQL secondary 1 +- `10.6.0.33`: PostgreSQL secondary 2 +- `10.6.0.21`: PgBouncer 1 +- `10.6.0.22`: PgBouncer 2 +- `10.6.0.23`: PgBouncer 3 +- `10.6.0.20`: Internal Load Balancer +- `10.6.0.51`: Gitaly 1 +- `10.6.0.52`: Gitaly 2 +- `10.6.0.71`: Sidekiq 1 +- `10.6.0.72`: Sidekiq 2 +- `10.6.0.73`: Sidekiq 3 +- `10.6.0.74`: Sidekiq 4 +- `10.6.0.41`: GitLab application 1 +- `10.6.0.42`: GitLab application 2 +- `10.6.0.43`: GitLab application 3 +- `10.6.0.81`: Prometheus + +## Configure the external load balancer + +NOTE: **Note:** +This architecture has been tested and validated with [HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/) +as the load balancer. Although other load balancers with similar feature sets +could also be used, those load balancers have not been validated. + +In an active/active GitLab configuration, you will need a load balancer to route +traffic to the application servers. The specifics on which load balancer to use +or the exact configuration is beyond the scope of GitLab documentation. We hope +that if you're managing multi-node systems like GitLab you have a load balancer of +choice already. Some examples including HAProxy (open-source), F5 Big-IP LTM, +and Citrix Net Scaler. This documentation will outline what ports and protocols +you need to use with GitLab. + +The next question is how you will handle SSL in your environment. +There are several different options: + +- [The application node terminates SSL](#application-node-terminates-ssl). +- [The load balancer terminates SSL without backend SSL](#load-balancer-terminates-ssl-without-backend-ssl) + and communication is not secure between the load balancer and the application node. +- [The load balancer terminates SSL with backend SSL](#load-balancer-terminates-ssl-with-backend-ssl) + and communication is *secure* between the load balancer and the application node. + +### Application node terminates SSL + +Configure your load balancer to pass connections on port 443 as `TCP` rather +than `HTTP(S)` protocol. This will pass the connection to the application node's +NGINX service untouched. NGINX will have the SSL certificate and listen on port 443. + +See the [NGINX HTTPS documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) +for details on managing SSL certificates and configuring NGINX. + +### Load balancer terminates SSL without backend SSL + +Configure your load balancer to use the `HTTP(S)` protocol rather than `TCP`. +The load balancer will then be responsible for managing SSL certificates and +terminating SSL. + +Since communication between the load balancer and GitLab will not be secure, +there is some additional configuration needed. See the +[NGINX proxied SSL documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#supporting-proxied-ssl) +for details. + +### Load balancer terminates SSL with backend SSL + +Configure your load balancer(s) to use the 'HTTP(S)' protocol rather than 'TCP'. +The load balancer(s) will be responsible for managing SSL certificates that +end users will see. + +Traffic will also be secure between the load balancer(s) and NGINX in this +scenario. There is no need to add configuration for proxied SSL since the +connection will be secure all the way. However, configuration will need to be +added to GitLab to configure SSL certificates. See +[NGINX HTTPS documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) +for details on managing SSL certificates and configuring NGINX. + +### Ports + +The basic ports to be used are shown in the table below. + +| LB Port | Backend Port | Protocol | +| ------- | ------------ | ------------------------ | +| 80 | 80 | HTTP (*1*) | +| 443 | 443 | TCP or HTTPS (*1*) (*2*) | +| 22 | 22 | TCP | + +- (*1*): [Web terminal](../../ci/environments/index.md#web-terminals) support requires + your load balancer to correctly handle WebSocket connections. When using + HTTP or HTTPS proxying, this means your load balancer must be configured + to pass through the `Connection` and `Upgrade` hop-by-hop headers. See the + [web terminal](../integration/terminal.md) integration guide for + more details. +- (*2*): When using HTTPS protocol for port 443, you will need to add an SSL + certificate to the load balancers. If you wish to terminate SSL at the + GitLab application server instead, use TCP protocol. + +If you're using GitLab Pages with custom domain support you will need some +additional port configurations. +GitLab Pages requires a separate virtual IP address. Configure DNS to point the +`pages_external_url` from `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` at the new virtual IP address. See the +[GitLab Pages documentation](../pages/index.md) for more information. + +| LB Port | Backend Port | Protocol | +| ------- | ------------- | --------- | +| 80 | Varies (*1*) | HTTP | +| 443 | Varies (*1*) | TCP (*2*) | + +- (*1*): The backend port for GitLab Pages depends on the + `gitlab_pages['external_http']` and `gitlab_pages['external_https']` + setting. See [GitLab Pages documentation](../pages/index.md) for more details. +- (*2*): Port 443 for GitLab Pages should always use the TCP protocol. Users can + configure custom domains with custom SSL, which would not be possible + if SSL was terminated at the load balancer. + +#### Alternate SSH Port + +Some organizations have policies against opening SSH port 22. In this case, +it may be helpful to configure an alternate SSH hostname that allows users +to use SSH on port 443. An alternate SSH hostname will require a new virtual IP address +compared to the other GitLab HTTP configuration above. + +Configure DNS for an alternate SSH hostname such as `altssh.gitlab.example.com`. + +| LB Port | Backend Port | Protocol | +| ------- | ------------ | -------- | +| 443 | 22 | TCP | + + + +## Configure Redis + +Using [Redis](https://redis.io/) in scalable environment is possible using a **Primary** x **Replica** +topology with a [Redis Sentinel](https://redis.io/topics/sentinel) service to watch and automatically +start the failover procedure. + +Redis requires authentication if used with Sentinel. See +[Redis Security](https://redis.io/topics/security) documentation for more +information. We recommend using a combination of a Redis password and tight +firewall rules to secure your Redis service. +You are highly encouraged to read the [Redis Sentinel](https://redis.io/topics/sentinel) documentation +before configuring Redis with GitLab to fully understand the topology and +architecture. + +In this section, you'll be guided through configuring an external Redis instance +to be used with GitLab. The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.61`: Redis Primary +- `10.6.0.62`: Redis Replica 1 +- `10.6.0.63`: Redis Replica 2 + +### Provide your own Redis instance + +Managed Redis from cloud providers such as AWS ElastiCache will work. If these +services support high availability, be sure it is **not** the Redis Cluster type. + +Redis version 5.0 or higher is required, as this is what ships with +Omnibus GitLab packages starting with GitLab 13.0. Older Redis versions +do not support an optional count argument to SPOP which is now required for +[Merge Trains](../../ci/merge_request_pipelines/pipelines_for_merged_results/merge_trains/index.md). + +Note the Redis node's IP address or hostname, port, and password (if required). +These will be necessary when configuring the +[GitLab application servers](#configure-gitlab-rails) later. + +### Standalone Redis using Omnibus GitLab + +This is the section where we install and set up the new Redis instances. + +The requirements for a Redis setup are the following: + +1. All Redis nodes must be able to talk to each other and accept incoming + connections over Redis (`6379`) and Sentinel (`26379`) ports (unless you + change the default ones). +1. The server that hosts the GitLab application must be able to access the + Redis nodes. +1. Protect the nodes from access from external networks + ([Internet](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/uploads/c4cc8cd353604bd80315f9384035ff9e/The_Internet_IT_Crowd.png)), + using a firewall. + +NOTE: **Note:** +Redis nodes (both primary and replica) will need the same password defined in +`redis['password']`. At any time during a failover the Sentinels can +reconfigure a node and change its status from primary to replica and vice versa. + +#### Configuring the primary Redis instance + +1. SSH into the **Primary** Redis server. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page. + - Make sure you select the correct Omnibus package, with the same version + and type (Community, Enterprise editions) of your current install. + - Do not complete any other steps on the download page. + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + # Specify server role as 'redis_master_role' + roles ['redis_master_role'] + + # IP address pointing to a local IP that the other machines can reach to. + # You can also set bind to '0.0.0.0' which listen in all interfaces. + # If you really need to bind to an external accessible IP, make + # sure you add extra firewall rules to prevent unauthorized access. + redis['bind'] = '10.6.0.61' + + # Define a port so Redis can listen for TCP requests which will allow other + # machines to connect to it. + redis['port'] = 6379 + + # Set up password authentication for Redis (use the same password in all nodes). + redis['password'] = 'redis-password-goes-here' + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + redis_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9121' + redis_exporter['flags'] = { + 'redis.addr' => 'redis://10.6.0.61:6379', + 'redis.password' => 'redis-password-goes-here', + } + + # Disable auto migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. + +NOTE: **Note:** +You can specify multiple roles like sentinel and Redis as: +`roles ['redis_sentinel_role', 'redis_master_role']`. +Read more about [roles](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/roles/). + +You can list the current Redis Primary, Replica status via: + +```shell +/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/redis-cli -h -a 'redis-password-goes-here' info replication +``` + +Show running GitLab services via: + +```shell +gitlab-ctl status +``` + +The output should be similar to the following: + +```plaintext +run: consul: (pid 30043) 76863s; run: log: (pid 29691) 76892s +run: logrotate: (pid 31152) 3070s; run: log: (pid 29595) 76908s +run: node-exporter: (pid 30064) 76862s; run: log: (pid 29624) 76904s +run: redis: (pid 30070) 76861s; run: log: (pid 29573) 76914s +run: redis-exporter: (pid 30075) 76861s; run: log: (pid 29674) 76896s +``` + +#### Configuring the replica Redis instances + +1. SSH into the **replica** Redis server. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page. + - Make sure you select the correct Omnibus package, with the same version + and type (Community, Enterprise editions) of your current install. + - Do not complete any other steps on the download page. + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + # Specify server role as 'redis_replica_role' + roles ['redis_replica_role'] + + # IP address pointing to a local IP that the other machines can reach to. + # You can also set bind to '0.0.0.0' which listen in all interfaces. + # If you really need to bind to an external accessible IP, make + # sure you add extra firewall rules to prevent unauthorized access. + redis['bind'] = '10.6.0.62' + + # Define a port so Redis can listen for TCP requests which will allow other + # machines to connect to it. + redis['port'] = 6379 + + # The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the primary node. + redis['password'] = 'redis-password-goes-here' + + # The IP of the primary Redis node. + redis['master_ip'] = '10.6.0.61' + + # Port of primary Redis server, uncomment to change to non default. Defaults + # to `6379`. + #redis['master_port'] = 6379 + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + redis_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9121' + redis_exporter['flags'] = { + 'redis.addr' => 'redis://10.6.0.62:6379', + 'redis.password' => 'redis-password-goes-here', + } + + # Disable auto migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. +1. Go through the steps again for all the other replica nodes, and + make sure to set up the IPs correctly. + +NOTE: **Note:** +You can specify multiple roles like sentinel and Redis as: +`roles ['redis_sentinel_role', 'redis_master_role']`. +Read more about [roles](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/roles/). + +These values don't have to be changed again in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` after +a failover, as the nodes will be managed by the [Sentinels](#configure-consul-and-sentinel), and even after a +`gitlab-ctl reconfigure`, they will get their configuration restored by +the same Sentinels. + +Advanced [configuration options](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/redis.html) +are supported and can be added if needed. + + + +## Configure Consul and Sentinel + +NOTE: **Note:** +If you are using an external Redis Sentinel instance, be sure +to exclude the `requirepass` parameter from the Sentinel +configuration. This parameter will cause clients to report `NOAUTH +Authentication required.`. [Redis Sentinel 3.2.x does not support +password authentication](https://github.com/antirez/redis/issues/3279). + +Now that the Redis servers are all set up, let's configure the Sentinel +servers. The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.11`: Consul/Sentinel 1 +- `10.6.0.12`: Consul/Sentinel 2 +- `10.6.0.13`: Consul/Sentinel 3 + +To configure the Sentinel: + +1. SSH into the server that will host Consul/Sentinel. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the + Omnibus GitLab Enterprise Edition package using **steps 1 and 2** from the + GitLab downloads page. + - Make sure you select the correct Omnibus package, with the same version + the GitLab application is running. + - Do not complete any other steps on the download page. + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + roles ['redis_sentinel_role', 'consul_role'] + + # Must be the same in every sentinel node + redis['master_name'] = 'gitlab-redis' + + # The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the primary node. + redis['master_password'] = 'redis-password-goes-here' + + # The IP of the primary Redis node. + redis['master_ip'] = '10.6.0.61' + + # Define a port so Redis can listen for TCP requests which will allow other + # machines to connect to it. + redis['port'] = 6379 + + # Port of primary Redis server, uncomment to change to non default. Defaults + # to `6379`. + #redis['master_port'] = 6379 + + ## Configure Sentinel + sentinel['bind'] = '10.6.0.11' + + # Port that Sentinel listens on, uncomment to change to non default. Defaults + # to `26379`. + # sentinel['port'] = 26379 + + ## Quorum must reflect the amount of voting sentinels it take to start a failover. + ## Value must NOT be greater then the amount of sentinels. + ## + ## The quorum can be used to tune Sentinel in two ways: + ## 1. If a the quorum is set to a value smaller than the majority of Sentinels + ## we deploy, we are basically making Sentinel more sensible to primary failures, + ## triggering a failover as soon as even just a minority of Sentinels is no longer + ## able to talk with the primary. + ## 1. If a quorum is set to a value greater than the majority of Sentinels, we are + ## making Sentinel able to failover only when there are a very large number (larger + ## than majority) of well connected Sentinels which agree about the primary being down.s + sentinel['quorum'] = 2 + + ## Consider unresponsive server down after x amount of ms. + # sentinel['down_after_milliseconds'] = 10000 + + ## Specifies the failover timeout in milliseconds. It is used in many ways: + ## + ## - The time needed to re-start a failover after a previous failover was + ## already tried against the same primary by a given Sentinel, is two + ## times the failover timeout. + ## + ## - The time needed for a replica replicating to a wrong primary according + ## to a Sentinel current configuration, to be forced to replicate + ## with the right primary, is exactly the failover timeout (counting since + ## the moment a Sentinel detected the misconfiguration). + ## + ## - The time needed to cancel a failover that is already in progress but + ## did not produced any configuration change (REPLICAOF NO ONE yet not + ## acknowledged by the promoted replica). + ## + ## - The maximum time a failover in progress waits for all the replica to be + ## reconfigured as replicas of the new primary. However even after this time + ## the replicas will be reconfigured by the Sentinels anyway, but not with + ## the exact parallel-syncs progression as specified. + # sentinel['failover_timeout'] = 60000 + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + server: true, + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + redis_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9121' + + # Disable auto migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. +1. Go through the steps again for all the other Consul/Sentinel nodes, and + make sure you set up the correct IPs. + +NOTE: **Note:** +A Consul leader will be elected when the provisioning of the third Consul server is completed. +Viewing the Consul logs `sudo gitlab-ctl tail consul` will display +`...[INFO] consul: New leader elected: ...` + +You can list the current Consul members (server, client): + +```shell +sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/consul members +``` + +You can verify the GitLab services are running: + +```shell +sudo gitlab-ctl status +``` + +The output should be similar to the following: + +```plaintext +run: consul: (pid 30074) 76834s; run: log: (pid 29740) 76844s +run: logrotate: (pid 30925) 3041s; run: log: (pid 29649) 76861s +run: node-exporter: (pid 30093) 76833s; run: log: (pid 29663) 76855s +run: sentinel: (pid 30098) 76832s; run: log: (pid 29704) 76850s +``` + + + +## Configure PostgreSQL + +In this section, you'll be guided through configuring an external PostgreSQL database +to be used with GitLab. + +### Provide your own PostgreSQL instance + +If you're hosting GitLab on a cloud provider, you can optionally use a +managed service for PostgreSQL. For example, AWS offers a managed Relational +Database Service (RDS) that runs PostgreSQL. + +If you use a cloud-managed service, or provide your own PostgreSQL: + +1. Set up PostgreSQL according to the + [database requirements document](../../install/requirements.md#database). +1. Set up a `gitlab` username with a password of your choice. The `gitlab` user + needs privileges to create the `gitlabhq_production` database. +1. Configure the GitLab application servers with the appropriate details. + This step is covered in [Configuring the GitLab Rails application](#configure-gitlab-rails). + +### Standalone PostgreSQL using Omnibus GitLab + +The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.31`: PostgreSQL primary +- `10.6.0.32`: PostgreSQL secondary 1 +- `10.6.0.33`: PostgreSQL secondary 2 + +First, make sure to [install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) +the Linux GitLab package **on each node**. Following the steps, +install the necessary dependencies from step 1, and add the +GitLab package repository from step 2. When installing GitLab +in the second step, do not supply the `EXTERNAL_URL` value. + +#### PostgreSQL primary node + +1. SSH into the PostgreSQL primary node. +1. Generate a password hash for the PostgreSQL username/password pair. This assumes you will use the default + username of `gitlab` (recommended). The command will request a password + and confirmation. Use the value that is output by this command in the next + step as the value of ``: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 gitlab + ``` + +1. Generate a password hash for the PgBouncer username/password pair. This assumes you will use the default + username of `pgbouncer` (recommended). The command will request a password + and confirmation. Use the value that is output by this command in the next + step as the value of ``: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 pgbouncer + ``` + +1. Generate a password hash for the Consul database username/password pair. This assumes you will use the default + username of `gitlab-consul` (recommended). The command will request a password + and confirmation. Use the value that is output by this command in the next + step as the value of ``: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 gitlab-consul + ``` + +1. On the primary database node, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` replacing values noted in the `# START user configuration` section: + + ```ruby + # Disable all components except PostgreSQL and Repmgr and Consul + roles ['postgres_role'] + + # PostgreSQL configuration + postgresql['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0' + postgresql['hot_standby'] = 'on' + postgresql['wal_level'] = 'replica' + postgresql['shared_preload_libraries'] = 'repmgr_funcs' + + # Disable automatic database migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the Consul agent + consul['services'] = %w(postgresql) + + # START user configuration + # Please set the real values as explained in Required Information section + # + # Replace PGBOUNCER_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['pgbouncer_user_password'] = '' + # Replace POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['sql_user_password'] = '' + # Set `max_wal_senders` to one more than the number of database nodes in the cluster. + # This is used to prevent replication from using up all of the + # available database connections. + postgresql['max_wal_senders'] = 4 + postgresql['max_replication_slots'] = 4 + + # Replace XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/YY with Network Address + postgresql['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + repmgr['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on for monitoring + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + postgres_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9187' + postgres_exporter['dbname'] = 'gitlabhq_production' + postgres_exporter['password'] = '' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + # + # END user configuration + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. +1. You can list the current PostgreSQL primary, secondary nodes status via: + + ```shell + sudo /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-ctl repmgr cluster show + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 30593) 77133s; run: log: (pid 29912) 77156s + run: logrotate: (pid 23449) 3341s; run: log: (pid 29794) 77175s + run: node-exporter: (pid 30613) 77133s; run: log: (pid 29824) 77170s + run: postgres-exporter: (pid 30620) 77132s; run: log: (pid 29894) 77163s + run: postgresql: (pid 30630) 77132s; run: log: (pid 29618) 77181s + run: repmgrd: (pid 30639) 77132s; run: log: (pid 29985) 77150s + ``` + + + +#### PostgreSQL secondary nodes + +1. On both the secondary nodes, add the same configuration specified above for the primary node + with an additional setting that will inform `gitlab-ctl` that they are standby nodes initially + and there's no need to attempt to register them as a primary node: + + ```ruby + # Disable all components except PostgreSQL and Repmgr and Consul + roles ['postgres_role'] + + # PostgreSQL configuration + postgresql['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0' + postgresql['hot_standby'] = 'on' + postgresql['wal_level'] = 'replica' + postgresql['shared_preload_libraries'] = 'repmgr_funcs' + + # Disable automatic database migrations + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the Consul agent + consul['services'] = %w(postgresql) + + # Specify if a node should attempt to be primary on initialization. + repmgr['master_on_initialization'] = false + + # START user configuration + # Please set the real values as explained in Required Information section + # + # Replace PGBOUNCER_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['pgbouncer_user_password'] = '' + # Replace POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD_HASH with a generated md5 value + postgresql['sql_user_password'] = '' + # Set `max_wal_senders` to one more than the number of database nodes in the cluster. + # This is used to prevent replication from using up all of the + # available database connections. + postgresql['max_wal_senders'] = 4 + postgresql['max_replication_slots'] = 4 + + # Replace XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/YY with Network Address + postgresql['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + repmgr['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(127.0.0.1/32 10.6.0.0/24) + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on for monitoring + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + postgres_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9187' + postgres_exporter['dbname'] = 'gitlabhq_production' + postgres_exporter['password'] = '' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + # END user configuration + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. + +Advanced [configuration options](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/database.html) +are supported and can be added if needed. + + + +#### PostgreSQL post-configuration + +SSH into the **primary node**: + +1. Open a database prompt: + + ```shell + gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production + ``` + +1. Enable the `pg_trgm` extension: + + ```shell + CREATE EXTENSION pg_trgm; + ``` + +1. Exit the database prompt by typing `\q` and Enter. + +1. Verify the cluster is initialized with one node: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl repmgr cluster show + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + Role | Name | Upstream | Connection String + ----------+----------|----------|---------------------------------------- + * master | HOSTNAME | | host=HOSTNAME user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr + ``` + +1. Note down the hostname or IP address in the connection string: `host=HOSTNAME`. We will + refer to the hostname in the next section as ``. If the value + is not an IP address, it will need to be a resolvable name (via DNS or + `/etc/hosts`) + +SSH into the **secondary node**: + +1. Set up the repmgr standby: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl repmgr standby setup + ``` + + Do note that this will remove the existing data on the node. The command + has a wait time. + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```console + Doing this will delete the entire contents of /var/opt/gitlab/postgresql/data + If this is not what you want, hit Ctrl-C now to exit + To skip waiting, rerun with the -w option + Sleeping for 30 seconds + Stopping the database + Removing the data + Cloning the data + Starting the database + Registering the node with the cluster + ok: run: repmgrd: (pid 19068) 0s + ``` + +Before moving on, make sure the databases are configured correctly. Run the +following command on the **primary** node to verify that replication is working +properly and the secondary nodes appear in the cluster: + +```shell +gitlab-ctl repmgr cluster show +``` + +The output should be similar to the following: + +```plaintext +Role | Name | Upstream | Connection String +----------+---------|-----------|------------------------------------------------ +* master | MASTER | | host= user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr + standby | STANDBY | MASTER | host= user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr + standby | STANDBY | MASTER | host= user=gitlab_repmgr dbname=gitlab_repmgr +``` + +If the 'Role' column for any node says "FAILED", check the +[Troubleshooting section](troubleshooting.md) before proceeding. + +Also, check that the `repmgr-check-master` command works successfully on each node: + +```shell +su - gitlab-consul +gitlab-ctl repmgr-check-master || echo 'This node is a standby repmgr node' +``` + +This command relies on exit codes to tell Consul whether a particular node is a master +or secondary. The most important thing here is that this command does not produce errors. +If there are errors it's most likely due to incorrect `gitlab-consul` database user permissions. +Check the [Troubleshooting section](troubleshooting.md) before proceeding. + + + +## Configure PgBouncer + +Now that the PostgreSQL servers are all set up, let's configure PgBouncer. +The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.21`: PgBouncer 1 +- `10.6.0.22`: PgBouncer 2 +- `10.6.0.23`: PgBouncer 3 + +1. On each PgBouncer node, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`, and replace + `` and `` with the + password hashes you [set up previously](#postgresql-primary-node): + + ```ruby + # Disable all components except Pgbouncer and Consul agent + roles ['pgbouncer_role'] + + # Configure PgBouncer + pgbouncer['admin_users'] = %w(pgbouncer gitlab-consul) + + pgbouncer['users'] = { + 'gitlab-consul': { + password: '' + }, + 'pgbouncer': { + password: '' + } + } + + # Configure Consul agent + consul['watchers'] = %w(postgresql) + consul['enable'] = true + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13) + } + + # Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + pgbouncer_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9188' + ``` + +1. [Reconfigure Omnibus GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. + +1. Create a `.pgpass` file so Consul is able to + reload PgBouncer. Enter the PgBouncer password twice when asked: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl write-pgpass --host 127.0.0.1 --database pgbouncer --user pgbouncer --hostuser gitlab-consul + ``` + +1. Ensure each node is talking to the current master: + + ```shell + gitlab-ctl pgb-console # You will be prompted for PGBOUNCER_PASSWORD + ``` + + If there is an error `psql: ERROR: Auth failed` after typing in the + password, ensure you previously generated the MD5 password hashes with the correct + format. The correct format is to concatenate the password and the username: + `PASSWORDUSERNAME`. For example, `Sup3rS3cr3tpgbouncer` would be the text + needed to generate an MD5 password hash for the `pgbouncer` user. + +1. Once the console prompt is available, run the following queries: + + ```shell + show databases ; show clients ; + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + name | host | port | database | force_user | pool_size | reserve_pool | pool_mode | max_connections | current_connections + ---------------------+-------------+------+---------------------+------------+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------------- + gitlabhq_production | MASTER_HOST | 5432 | gitlabhq_production | | 20 | 0 | | 0 | 0 + pgbouncer | | 6432 | pgbouncer | pgbouncer | 2 | 0 | statement | 0 | 0 + (2 rows) + + type | user | database | state | addr | port | local_addr | local_port | connect_time | request_time | ptr | link | remote_pid | tls + ------+-----------+---------------------+---------+----------------+-------+------------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+-----------+------+------------+----- + C | pgbouncer | pgbouncer | active | 127.0.0.1 | 56846 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2017-08-21 18:09:59 | 2017-08-21 18:10:48 | 0x22b3880 | | 0 | + (2 rows) + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 31530) 77150s; run: log: (pid 31106) 77182s + run: logrotate: (pid 32613) 3357s; run: log: (pid 30107) 77500s + run: node-exporter: (pid 31550) 77149s; run: log: (pid 30138) 77493s + run: pgbouncer: (pid 32033) 75593s; run: log: (pid 31117) 77175s + run: pgbouncer-exporter: (pid 31558) 77148s; run: log: (pid 31498) 77156s + ``` + + + +### Configure the internal load balancer + +If you're running more than one PgBouncer node as recommended, then at this time you'll need to set +up a TCP internal load balancer to serve each correctly. + +The following IP will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.20`: Internal Load Balancer + +Here's how you could do it with [HAProxy](https://www.haproxy.org/): + +```plaintext +global + log /dev/log local0 + log localhost local1 notice + log stdout format raw local0 + +defaults + log global + default-server inter 10s fall 3 rise 2 + balance leastconn + +frontend internal-pgbouncer-tcp-in + bind *:6432 + mode tcp + option tcplog + + default_backend pgbouncer + +backend pgbouncer + mode tcp + option tcp-check + + server pgbouncer1 10.6.0.21:6432 check + server pgbouncer2 10.6.0.22:6432 check + server pgbouncer3 10.6.0.23:6432 check +``` + +Refer to your preferred Load Balancer's documentation for further guidance. + + + +## Configure Gitaly + +Deploying Gitaly in its own server can benefit GitLab installations that are +larger than a single machine. + +The Gitaly node requirements are dependent on customer data, specifically the number of +projects and their repository sizes. Two nodes are recommended as an absolute minimum. +Each Gitaly node should store no more than 5TB of data and have the number of +[`gitaly-ruby` workers](../gitaly/index.md#gitaly-ruby) set to 20% of available CPUs. +Additional nodes should be considered in conjunction with a review of expected +data size and spread based on the recommendations above. + +It is also strongly recommended that all Gitaly nodes be set up with SSD disks with +a throughput of at least 8,000 IOPS for read operations and 2,000 IOPS for write, +as Gitaly has heavy I/O. These IOPS values are recommended only as a starter as with +time they may be adjusted higher or lower depending on the scale of your environment's workload. +If you're running the environment on a Cloud provider, you may need to refer to +their documentation on how to configure IOPS correctly. + +Some things to note: + +- The GitLab Rails application shards repositories into [repository storages](../repository_storage_paths.md). +- A Gitaly server can host one or more storages. +- A GitLab server can use one or more Gitaly servers. +- Gitaly addresses must be specified in such a way that they resolve + correctly for ALL Gitaly clients. +- Gitaly servers must not be exposed to the public internet, as Gitaly's network + traffic is unencrypted by default. The use of a firewall is highly recommended + to restrict access to the Gitaly server. Another option is to + [use TLS](#gitaly-tls-support). + +TIP: **Tip:** +For more information about Gitaly's history and network architecture see the +[standalone Gitaly documentation](../gitaly/index.md). + +Note: **Note:** The token referred to throughout the Gitaly documentation is +just an arbitrary password selected by the administrator. It is unrelated to +tokens created for the GitLab API or other similar web API tokens. + +Below we describe how to configure two Gitaly servers, with IPs and +domain names: + +- `10.6.0.51`: Gitaly 1 (`gitaly1.internal`) +- `10.6.0.52`: Gitaly 2 (`gitaly2.internal`) + +The secret token is assumed to be `gitalysecret` and that +your GitLab installation has three repository storages: + +- `default` on Gitaly 1 +- `storage1` on Gitaly 1 +- `storage2` on Gitaly 2 + +On each node: + +1. [Download/Install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page but + **without** providing the `EXTERNAL_URL` value. +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` to configure storage paths, enable + the network listener and configure the token: + + + + ```ruby + # /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb + + # Gitaly and GitLab use two shared secrets for authentication, one to authenticate gRPC requests + # to Gitaly, and a second for authentication callbacks from GitLab-Shell to the GitLab internal API. + # The following two values must be the same as their respective values + # of the GitLab Rails application setup + gitaly['auth_token'] = 'gitlaysecret' + gitlab_shell['secret_token'] = 'shellsecret' + + # Avoid running unnecessary services on the Gitaly server + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = false + puma['enable'] = false + unicorn['enable'] = false + sidekiq['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + grafana['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + + # If you run a seperate monitoring node you can disable these services + alertmanager['enable'] = false + prometheus['enable'] = false + + # Prevent database connections during 'gitlab-ctl reconfigure' + gitlab_rails['rake_cache_clear'] = false + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the gitlab-shell API callback URL. Without this, `git push` will + # fail. This can be your 'front door' GitLab URL or an internal load + # balancer. + # Don't forget to copy `/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json` from web server to Gitaly server. + gitlab_rails['internal_api_url'] = 'https://gitlab.example.com' + + # Make Gitaly accept connections on all network interfaces. You must use + # firewalls to restrict access to this address/port. + # Comment out following line if you only want to support TLS connections + gitaly['listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:8075" + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on for monitoring + gitaly['prometheus_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9236" + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + gitlab_rails['prometheus_address'] = '10.6.0.81:9090' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + ``` + +1. Append the following to `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` for each respective server: + 1. On `gitaly1.internal`: + + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { + 'path' => '/var/opt/gitlab/git-data' + }, + 'storage1' => { + 'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/git-data' + }, + }) + ``` + + 1. On `gitaly2.internal`: + + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'storage2' => { + 'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/git-data' + }, + }) + ``` + + + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Confirm that Gitaly can perform callbacks to the internal API: + + ```shell + sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/bin/check -config /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-shell/config.yml + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 30339) 77006s; run: log: (pid 29878) 77020s + run: gitaly: (pid 30351) 77005s; run: log: (pid 29660) 77040s + run: logrotate: (pid 7760) 3213s; run: log: (pid 29782) 77032s + run: node-exporter: (pid 30378) 77004s; run: log: (pid 29812) 77026s + ``` + +### Gitaly TLS support + +Gitaly supports TLS encryption. To be able to communicate +with a Gitaly instance that listens for secure connections you will need to use `tls://` URL +scheme in the `gitaly_address` of the corresponding storage entry in the GitLab configuration. + +You will need to bring your own certificates as this isn't provided automatically. +The certificate, or its certificate authority, must be installed on all Gitaly +nodes (including the Gitaly node using the certificate) and on all client nodes +that communicate with it following the procedure described in +[GitLab custom certificate configuration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#install-custom-public-certificates). + +NOTE: **Note:** +The self-signed certificate must specify the address you use to access the +Gitaly server. If you are addressing the Gitaly server by a hostname, you can +either use the Common Name field for this, or add it as a Subject Alternative +Name. If you are addressing the Gitaly server by its IP address, you must add it +as a Subject Alternative Name to the certificate. +[gRPC does not support using an IP address as Common Name in a certificate](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/2691). + +NOTE: **Note:** +It is possible to configure Gitaly servers with both an +unencrypted listening address `listen_addr` and an encrypted listening +address `tls_listen_addr` at the same time. This allows you to do a +gradual transition from unencrypted to encrypted traffic, if necessary. + +To configure Gitaly with TLS: + +1. Create the `/etc/gitlab/ssl` directory and copy your key and certificate there: + + ```shell + sudo mkdir -p /etc/gitlab/ssl + sudo chmod 755 /etc/gitlab/ssl + sudo cp key.pem cert.pem /etc/gitlab/ssl/ + sudo chmod 644 key.pem cert.pem + ``` + +1. Copy the cert to `/etc/gitlab/trusted-certs` so Gitaly will trust the cert when + calling into itself: + + ```shell + sudo cp /etc/gitlab/ssl/cert.pem /etc/gitlab/trusted-certs/ + ``` + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add: + + + + ```ruby + gitaly['tls_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9999" + gitaly['certificate_path'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/cert.pem" + gitaly['key_path'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/key.pem" + ``` + +1. Delete `gitaly['listen_addr']` to allow only encrypted connections. +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). + + + +## Configure Sidekiq + +Sidekiq requires connection to the Redis, PostgreSQL and Gitaly instance. +The following IPs will be used as an example: + +- `10.6.0.71`: Sidekiq 1 +- `10.6.0.72`: Sidekiq 2 +- `10.6.0.73`: Sidekiq 3 +- `10.6.0.74`: Sidekiq 4 + +To configure the Sidekiq nodes, one each one: + +1. SSH into the Sidekiq server. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab package +you want using steps 1 and 2 from the GitLab downloads page. +**Do not complete any other steps on the download page.** +1. Open `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` with your editor: + + ```ruby + ######################################## + ##### Services Disabled ### + ######################################## + + nginx['enable'] = false + grafana['enable'] = false + prometheus['enable'] = false + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + alertmanager['enable'] = false + gitaly['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = false + puma['enable'] = false + postgres_exporter['enable'] = false + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + redis_exporter['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + + ######################################## + #### Redis ### + ######################################## + + ## Must be the same in every sentinel node + redis['master_name'] = 'gitlab-redis' + + ## The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the master node. + redis['master_password'] = '' + + ## A list of sentinels with `host` and `port` + gitlab_rails['redis_sentinels'] = [ + {'host' => '10.6.0.11', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.12', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.13', 'port' => 26379}, + ] + + ####################################### + ### Gitaly ### + ####################################### + + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly2.internal:8075' }, + }) + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'YOUR_TOKEN' + + ####################################### + ### Postgres ### + ####################################### + gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '10.6.0.20' # internal load balancer IP + gitlab_rails['db_port'] = 6432 + gitlab_rails['db_password'] = '' + gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = 'postgresql' + gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = 'unicode' + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + ####################################### + ### Sidekiq configuration ### + ####################################### + sidekiq['listen_address'] = "0.0.0.0" + + ####################################### + ### Monitoring configuration ### + ####################################### + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13) + } + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + + # Rails Status for prometheus + gitlab_rails['monitoring_whitelist'] = ['10.6.0.81/32', '127.0.0.0/8'] + gitlab_rails['prometheus_address'] = '10.6.0.81:9090' + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 30114) 77353s; run: log: (pid 29756) 77367s + run: logrotate: (pid 9898) 3561s; run: log: (pid 29653) 77380s + run: node-exporter: (pid 30134) 77353s; run: log: (pid 29706) 77372s + run: sidekiq: (pid 30142) 77351s; run: log: (pid 29638) 77386s + ``` + +TIP: **Tip:** +You can also run [multiple Sidekiq processes](../operations/extra_sidekiq_processes.md). + + + +## Configure GitLab Rails + +NOTE: **Note:** +In our architectures we run each GitLab Rails node using the Puma webserver +and have its number of workers set to 90% of available CPUs along with four threads. For +nodes that are running Rails with other components the worker value should be reduced +accordingly where we've found 50% achieves a good balance but this is dependent +on workload. + +This section describes how to configure the GitLab application (Rails) component. +On each node perform the following: + +1. If you're [using NFS](#configure-nfs-optional): + + 1. If necessary, install the NFS client utility packages using the following + commands: + + ```shell + # Ubuntu/Debian + apt-get install nfs-common + + # CentOS/Red Hat + yum install nfs-utils nfs-utils-lib + ``` + + 1. Specify the necessary NFS mounts in `/etc/fstab`. + The exact contents of `/etc/fstab` will depend on how you chose + to configure your NFS server. See the [NFS documentation](../high_availability/nfs.md) + for examples and the various options. + + 1. Create the shared directories. These may be different depending on your NFS + mount locations. + + ```shell + mkdir -p /var/opt/gitlab/.ssh /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-ci/builds /var/opt/gitlab/git-data + ``` + +1. Download/install Omnibus GitLab using **steps 1 and 2** from + [GitLab downloads](https://about.gitlab.com/install/). Do not complete other + steps on the download page. +1. Create/edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and use the following configuration. + To maintain uniformity of links across nodes, the `external_url` + on the application server should point to the external URL that users will use + to access GitLab. This would be the URL of the [external load balancer](#configure-the-external-load-balancer) + which will route traffic to the GitLab application server: + + ```ruby + external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com' + + # Gitaly and GitLab use two shared secrets for authentication, one to authenticate gRPC requests + # to Gitaly, and a second for authentication callbacks from GitLab-Shell to the GitLab internal API. + # The following two values must be the same as their respective values + # of the Gitaly setup + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'gitalyecret' + gitlab_shell['secret_token'] = 'shellsecret' + + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly2.internal:8075' }, + }) + + ## Disable components that will not be on the GitLab application server + roles ['application_role'] + gitaly['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = true + sidekiq['enable'] = false + + ## PostgreSQL connection details + # Disable PostgreSQL on the application node + postgresql['enable'] = false + gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '10.6.0.20' # internal load balancer IP + gitlab_rails['db_port'] = 6432 + gitlab_rails['db_password'] = '' + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + ## Redis connection details + ## Must be the same in every sentinel node + redis['master_name'] = 'gitlab-redis' + + ## The same password for Redis authentication you set up for the Redis primary node. + redis['master_password'] = '' + + ## A list of sentinels with `host` and `port` + gitlab_rails['redis_sentinels'] = [ + {'host' => '10.6.0.11', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.12', 'port' => 26379}, + {'host' => '10.6.0.13', 'port' => 26379} + ] + + ## Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + + # Set the network addresses that the exporters used for monitoring will listen on + node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100' + gitlab_workhorse['prometheus_listen_addr'] = '0.0.0.0:9229' + sidekiq['listen_address'] = "0.0.0.0" + puma['listen'] = '0.0.0.0' + + ## The IPs of the Consul server nodes + ## You can also use FQDNs and intermix them with IPs + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13), + } + + # Add the monitoring node's IP address to the monitoring whitelist and allow it to + # scrape the NGINX metrics + gitlab_rails['monitoring_whitelist'] = ['10.6.0.81/32', '127.0.0.0/8'] + nginx['status']['options']['allow'] = ['10.6.0.81/32', '127.0.0.0/8'] + gitlab_rails['prometheus_address'] = '10.6.0.81:9090' + + ## Uncomment and edit the following options if you have set up NFS + ## + ## Prevent GitLab from starting if NFS data mounts are not available + ## + #high_availability['mountpoint'] = '/var/opt/gitlab/git-data' + ## + ## Ensure UIDs and GIDs match between servers for permissions via NFS + ## + #user['uid'] = 9000 + #user['gid'] = 9000 + #web_server['uid'] = 9001 + #web_server['gid'] = 9001 + #registry['uid'] = 9002 + #registry['gid'] = 9002 + ``` + +1. If you're using [Gitaly with TLS support](#gitaly-tls-support), make sure the + `git_data_dirs` entry is configured with `tls` instead of `tcp`: + + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly1.internal:9999' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly1.internal:9999' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly2.internal:9999' }, + }) + ``` + + 1. Copy the cert into `/etc/gitlab/trusted-certs`: + + ```shell + sudo cp cert.pem /etc/gitlab/trusted-certs/ + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Run `sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:gitaly:check` to confirm the node can connect to Gitaly. +1. Tail the logs to see the requests: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl tail gitaly + ``` + +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 4890) 8647s; run: log: (pid 29962) 79128s + run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 4902) 8647s; run: log: (pid 29913) 79134s + run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 4904) 8646s; run: log: (pid 29713) 79155s + run: logrotate: (pid 12425) 1446s; run: log: (pid 29798) 79146s + run: nginx: (pid 4925) 8646s; run: log: (pid 29726) 79152s + run: node-exporter: (pid 4931) 8645s; run: log: (pid 29855) 79140s + run: puma: (pid 4936) 8645s; run: log: (pid 29656) 79161s + ``` + +NOTE: **Note:** +When you specify `https` in the `external_url`, as in the example +above, GitLab assumes you have SSL certificates in `/etc/gitlab/ssl/`. If +certificates are not present, NGINX will fail to start. See the +[NGINX documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https) +for more information. + +### GitLab Rails post-configuration + +1. Ensure that all migrations ran: + + ```shell + gitlab-rake gitlab:db:configure + ``` + + NOTE: **Note:** + If you encounter a `rake aborted!` error stating that PgBouncer is failing to connect to + PostgreSQL it may be that your PgBouncer node's IP address is missing from + PostgreSQL's `trust_auth_cidr_addresses` in `gitlab.rb` on your database nodes. See + [PgBouncer error `ERROR: pgbouncer cannot connect to server`](troubleshooting.md#pgbouncer-error-error-pgbouncer-cannot-connect-to-server) + in the Troubleshooting section before proceeding. + +1. [Configure fast lookup of authorized SSH keys in the database](../operations/fast_ssh_key_lookup.md). + + + +## Configure Prometheus + +The Omnibus GitLab package can be used to configure a standalone Monitoring node +running [Prometheus](../monitoring/prometheus/index.md) and +[Grafana](../monitoring/performance/grafana_configuration.md): + +1. SSH into the Monitoring node. +1. [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page. + Do not complete any other steps on the download page. +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the contents: + + ```ruby + external_url 'http://gitlab.example.com' + + # Disable all other services + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + alertmanager['enable'] = false + gitaly['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = true + postgres_exporter['enable'] = false + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + redis_exporter['enable'] = false + sidekiq['enable'] = false + puma['enable'] = false + unicorn['enable'] = false + node_exporter['enable'] = false + gitlab_exporter['enable'] = false + + # Enable Prometheus + prometheus['enable'] = true + prometheus['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9090' + prometheus['monitor_kubernetes'] = false + + # Enable Login form + grafana['disable_login_form'] = false + + # Enable Grafana + grafana['enable'] = true + grafana['admin_password'] = '' + + # Enable service discovery for Prometheus + consul['enable'] = true + consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true + consul['configuration'] = { + retry_join: %w(10.6.0.11 10.6.0.12 10.6.0.13) + } + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. In the GitLab UI, set `admin/application_settings/metrics_and_profiling` > Metrics - Grafana to `/-/grafana` to + `http[s]:///-/grafana`. +1. Verify the GitLab services are running: + + ```shell + sudo gitlab-ctl status + ``` + + The output should be similar to the following: + + ```plaintext + run: consul: (pid 31637) 17337s; run: log: (pid 29748) 78432s + run: grafana: (pid 31644) 17337s; run: log: (pid 29719) 78438s + run: logrotate: (pid 31809) 2936s; run: log: (pid 29581) 78462s + run: nginx: (pid 31665) 17335s; run: log: (pid 29556) 78468s + run: prometheus: (pid 31672) 17335s; run: log: (pid 29633) 78456s + ``` + + + +## Configure the object storage + +GitLab supports using an object storage service for holding numerous types of data. +It's recommended over [NFS](#configure-nfs-optional) and in general it's better +in larger setups as object storage is typically much more performant, reliable, +and scalable. + +Object storage options that GitLab has tested, or is aware of customers using include: + +- SaaS/Cloud solutions such as [Amazon S3](https://aws.amazon.com/s3/), [Google cloud storage](https://cloud.google.com/storage). +- On-premises hardware and appliances from various storage vendors. +- MinIO. There is [a guide to deploying this](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/minio.html) within our Helm Chart documentation. + +For configuring GitLab to use Object Storage refer to the following guides +based on what features you intend to use: + +1. Configure [object storage for backups](../../raketasks/backup_restore.md#uploading-backups-to-a-remote-cloud-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for job artifacts](../job_artifacts.md#using-object-storage) + including [incremental logging](../job_logs.md#new-incremental-logging-architecture). +1. Configure [object storage for LFS objects](../lfs/index.md#storing-lfs-objects-in-remote-object-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for uploads](../uploads.md#using-object-storage-core-only). +1. Configure [object storage for merge request diffs](../merge_request_diffs.md#using-object-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for Container Registry](../packages/container_registry.md#use-object-storage) (optional feature). +1. Configure [object storage for Mattermost](https://docs.mattermost.com/administration/config-settings.html#file-storage) (optional feature). +1. Configure [object storage for packages](../packages/index.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** +1. Configure [object storage for Dependency Proxy](../packages/dependency_proxy.md#using-object-storage) (optional feature). **(PREMIUM ONLY)** +1. Configure [object storage for Pseudonymizer](../pseudonymizer.md#configuration) (optional feature). **(ULTIMATE ONLY)** +1. Configure [object storage for autoscale Runner caching](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/autoscale.html#distributed-runners-caching) (optional - for improved performance). +1. Configure [object storage for Terraform state files](../terraform_state.md#using-object-storage-core-only). + +Using separate buckets for each data type is the recommended approach for GitLab. + +A limitation of our configuration is that each use of object storage is separately configured. +[We have an issue for improving this](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/23345) +and easily using one bucket with separate folders is one improvement that this might bring. + +There is at least one specific issue with using the same bucket: +when GitLab is deployed with the Helm chart restore from backup +[will not properly function](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/advanced/external-object-storage/#lfs-artifacts-uploads-packages-external-diffs-pseudonymizer) +unless separate buckets are used. + +One risk of using a single bucket would be if your organization decided to +migrate GitLab to the Helm deployment in the future. GitLab would run, but the situation with +backups might not be realized until the organization had a critical requirement for the backups to +work. + + + +## Configure NFS (optional) + +[Object storage](#configure-the-object-storage), along with [Gitaly](#configure-gitaly) +are recommended over NFS wherever possible for improved performance. If you intend +to use GitLab Pages, this currently [requires NFS](troubleshooting.md#gitlab-pages-requires-nfs). + +See how to [configure NFS](../high_availability/nfs.md). + + + +## Troubleshooting + +See the [troubleshooting documentation](troubleshooting.md). + + diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/index.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/index.md index 623d7f3f776..8fde71a66bf 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/index.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/index.md @@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ When scaling GitLab, there are several factors to consider: - A load balancer is added in front to distribute traffic across the application nodes. - The application nodes connects to a shared file server and PostgreSQL and Redis services on the backend. -NOTE: **Note:** Depending on your workflow, the following recommended +NOTE: **Note:** +Depending on your workflow, the following recommended reference architectures may need to be adapted accordingly. Your workload is influenced by factors including how active your users are, how much automation you use, mirroring, and repository/change size. Additionally the @@ -120,13 +121,13 @@ As long as at least one of each component is online and capable of handling the ### Automated database failover **(PREMIUM ONLY)** > - Level of complexity: **High** -> - Required domain knowledge: PgBouncer, Repmgr, shared storage, distributed systems +> - Required domain knowledge: PgBouncer, Repmgr or Patroni, shared storage, distributed systems > - Supported tiers: [GitLab Premium and Ultimate](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) By adding automatic failover for database systems, you can enable higher uptime with additional database nodes. This extends the default database with cluster management and failover policies. -[PgBouncer in conjunction with Repmgr](../postgresql/replication_and_failover.md) +[PgBouncer in conjunction with Repmgr or Patroni](../postgresql/replication_and_failover.md) is recommended. ### Instance level replication with GitLab Geo **(PREMIUM ONLY)** @@ -164,6 +165,7 @@ column. | [PostgreSQL](../../development/architecture.md#postgresql) | Database | [PostgreSQL configuration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/database.html) | Yes | | [PgBouncer](../../development/architecture.md#pgbouncer) | Database connection pooler | [PgBouncer configuration](../high_availability/pgbouncer.md#running-pgbouncer-as-part-of-a-non-ha-gitlab-installation) **(PREMIUM ONLY)** | Yes | | Repmgr | PostgreSQL cluster management and failover | [PostgreSQL and Repmgr configuration](../postgresql/replication_and_failover.md) | Yes | +| Patroni | An alternative PostgreSQL cluster management and failover | [PostgreSQL and Patroni configuration](../postgresql/replication_and_failover.md#patroni) | Yes | | [Redis](../../development/architecture.md#redis) ([3](#footnotes)) | Key/value store for fast data lookup and caching | [Redis configuration](../high_availability/redis.md) | Yes | | Redis Sentinel | Redis | [Redis Sentinel configuration](../high_availability/redis.md) | Yes | | [Gitaly](../../development/architecture.md#gitaly) ([2](#footnotes)) ([7](#footnotes)) | Provides access to Git repositories | [Gitaly configuration](../gitaly/index.md#run-gitaly-on-its-own-server) | Yes | @@ -209,7 +211,7 @@ cluster with the Rails nodes broken down into a number of smaller Pods across th For medium sized installs (3,000 - 5,000) we suggest one Redis cluster for all classes and that Redis Sentinel is hosted alongside Consul. For larger architectures (10,000 users or more) we suggest running a separate - [Redis Cluster](../high_availability/redis.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class + [Redis Cluster](../redis/replication_and_failover.md#running-multiple-redis-clusters) for the Cache class and another for the Queues and Shared State classes respectively. We also recommend that you run the Redis Sentinel clusters separately for each Redis Cluster. diff --git a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/troubleshooting.md b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/troubleshooting.md index 15e377fe183..35bdb65c810 100644 --- a/doc/administration/reference_architectures/troubleshooting.md +++ b/doc/administration/reference_architectures/troubleshooting.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Troubleshooting a reference architecture set up +# Troubleshooting a reference architecture setup This page serves as the troubleshooting documentation if you followed one of the [reference architectures](index.md#reference-architectures). @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ with the Fog library that GitLab uses. Symptoms include: ### GitLab Pages requires NFS If you intend to use [GitLab Pages](../../user/project/pages/index.md), this currently requires -[NFS](../high_availability/nfs.md). There is [work in progress](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages/issues/196) +[NFS](../high_availability/nfs.md). There is [work in progress](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages/-/issues/196) to remove this dependency. In the future, GitLab Pages may use [object storage](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/208135). @@ -86,8 +86,117 @@ a workaround, in the mean time, to ## Troubleshooting Redis -If the application node cannot connect to the Redis node, check your firewall rules and -make sure Redis can accept TCP connections under port `6379`. +There are a lot of moving parts that needs to be taken care carefully +in order for the HA setup to work as expected. + +Before proceeding with the troubleshooting below, check your firewall rules: + +- Redis machines + - Accept TCP connection in `6379` + - Connect to the other Redis machines via TCP in `6379` +- Sentinel machines + - Accept TCP connection in `26379` + - Connect to other Sentinel machines via TCP in `26379` + - Connect to the Redis machines via TCP in `6379` + +### Troubleshooting Redis replication + +You can check if everything is correct by connecting to each server using +`redis-cli` application, and sending the `info replication` command as below. + +```shell +/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/redis-cli -h -a '' info replication +``` + +When connected to a `Primary` Redis, you will see the number of connected +`replicas`, and a list of each with connection details: + +```plaintext +# Replication +role:master +connected_replicas:1 +replica0:ip=10.133.5.21,port=6379,state=online,offset=208037514,lag=1 +master_repl_offset:208037658 +repl_backlog_active:1 +repl_backlog_size:1048576 +repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:206989083 +repl_backlog_histlen:1048576 +``` + +When it's a `replica`, you will see details of the primary connection and if +its `up` or `down`: + +```plaintext +# Replication +role:replica +master_host:10.133.1.58 +master_port:6379 +master_link_status:up +master_last_io_seconds_ago:1 +master_sync_in_progress:0 +replica_repl_offset:208096498 +replica_priority:100 +replica_read_only:1 +connected_replicas:0 +master_repl_offset:0 +repl_backlog_active:0 +repl_backlog_size:1048576 +repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 +repl_backlog_histlen:0 +``` + +### Troubleshooting Sentinel + +If you get an error like: `Redis::CannotConnectError: No sentinels available.`, +there may be something wrong with your configuration files or it can be related +to [this issue](https://github.com/redis/redis-rb/issues/531). + +You must make sure you are defining the same value in `redis['master_name']` +and `redis['master_pasword']` as you defined for your sentinel node. + +The way the Redis connector `redis-rb` works with sentinel is a bit +non-intuitive. We try to hide the complexity in omnibus, but it still requires +a few extra configurations. + +--- + +To make sure your configuration is correct: + +1. SSH into your GitLab application server +1. Enter the Rails console: + + ```shell + # For Omnibus installations + sudo gitlab-rails console + + # For source installations + sudo -u git rails console -e production + ``` + +1. Run in the console: + + ```ruby + redis = Redis.new(Gitlab::Redis::SharedState.params) + redis.info + ``` + + Keep this screen open and try to simulate a failover below. + +1. To simulate a failover on primary Redis, SSH into the Redis server and run: + + ```shell + # port must match your primary redis port, and the sleep time must be a few seconds bigger than defined one + redis-cli -h localhost -p 6379 DEBUG sleep 20 + ``` + +1. Then back in the Rails console from the first step, run: + + ```ruby + redis.info + ``` + + You should see a different port after a few seconds delay + (the failover/reconnect time). ## Troubleshooting Gitaly @@ -291,7 +400,7 @@ unset https_proxy When updating the `gitaly['listen_addr']` or `gitaly['prometheus_listen_addr']` values, Gitaly may continue to listen on the old address after a `sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure`. -When this occurs, performing a `sudo gitlab-ctl restart` will resolve the issue. This will no longer be necessary after [this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/issues/2521) is resolved. +When this occurs, performing a `sudo gitlab-ctl restart` will resolve the issue. This will no longer be necessary after [this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/-/issues/2521) is resolved. ### Permission denied errors appearing in Gitaly logs when accessing repositories from a standalone Gitaly node @@ -327,3 +436,135 @@ or ```shell curl http[s]://localhost:/-/metric ``` + +## Troubleshooting PgBouncer + +In case you are experiencing any issues connecting through PgBouncer, the first place to check is always the logs: + +```shell +sudo gitlab-ctl tail pgbouncer +``` + +Additionally, you can check the output from `show databases` in the [administrative console](#pgbouncer-administrative-console). In the output, you would expect to see values in the `host` field for the `gitlabhq_production` database. Additionally, `current_connections` should be greater than 1. + +### PgBouncer administrative console + +As part of Omnibus GitLab, the `gitlab-ctl pgb-console` command is provided to automatically connect to the PgBouncer administrative console. See the [PgBouncer documentation](https://www.pgbouncer.org/usage.html#admin-console) for detailed instructions on how to interact with the console. + +To start a session: + +```shell +sudo gitlab-ctl pgb-console +``` + +The password you will be prompted for is the `pgbouncer_user_password` + +To get some basic information about the instance, run + +```shell +pgbouncer=# show databases; show clients; show servers; + name | host | port | database | force_user | pool_size | reserve_pool | pool_mode | max_connections | current_connections +---------------------+-----------+------+---------------------+------------+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------------+--------------------- + gitlabhq_production | 127.0.0.1 | 5432 | gitlabhq_production | | 100 | 5 | | 0 | 1 + pgbouncer | | 6432 | pgbouncer | pgbouncer | 2 | 0 | statement | 0 | 0 +(2 rows) + + type | user | database | state | addr | port | local_addr | local_port | connect_time | request_time | ptr | link +| remote_pid | tls +------+-----------+---------------------+--------+-----------+-------+------------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+-----------+------ ++------------+----- + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44590 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:13:10 | 2018-04-24 22:17:10 | 0x12444c0 | +| 0 | + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44592 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:13:10 | 2018-04-24 22:17:10 | 0x12447c0 | +| 0 | + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44594 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:13:10 | 2018-04-24 22:17:10 | 0x1244940 | +| 0 | + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44706 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:14:22 | 2018-04-24 22:16:31 | 0x1244ac0 | +| 0 | + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44708 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:14:22 | 2018-04-24 22:15:15 | 0x1244c40 | +| 0 | + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44794 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:15:15 | 2018-04-24 22:15:15 | 0x1244dc0 | +| 0 | + C | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44798 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:15:15 | 2018-04-24 22:16:31 | 0x1244f40 | +| 0 | + C | pgbouncer | pgbouncer | active | 127.0.0.1 | 44660 | 127.0.0.1 | 6432 | 2018-04-24 22:13:51 | 2018-04-24 22:17:12 | 0x1244640 | +| 0 | +(8 rows) + + type | user | database | state | addr | port | local_addr | local_port | connect_time | request_time | ptr | link | rem +ote_pid | tls +------+--------+---------------------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+-----------+------+---- +--------+----- + S | gitlab | gitlabhq_production | idle | 127.0.0.1 | 5432 | 127.0.0.1 | 35646 | 2018-04-24 22:15:15 | 2018-04-24 22:17:10 | 0x124dca0 | | + 19980 | +(1 row) +``` + +### Message: `LOG: invalid CIDR mask in address` + +See the suggested fix [in Geo documentation](../geo/replication/troubleshooting.md#message-log--invalid-cidr-mask-in-address). + +### Message: `LOG: invalid IP mask "md5": Name or service not known` + +See the suggested fix [in Geo documentation](../geo/replication/troubleshooting.md#message-log--invalid-ip-mask-md5-name-or-service-not-known). + +## Troubleshooting PostgreSQL + +In case you are experiencing any issues connecting through PgBouncer, the first place to check is always the logs: + +```shell +sudo gitlab-ctl tail postgresql +``` + +### Consul and PostgreSQL changes not taking effect + +Due to the potential impacts, `gitlab-ctl reconfigure` only reloads Consul and PostgreSQL, it will not restart the services. However, not all changes can be activated by reloading. + +To restart either service, run `gitlab-ctl restart SERVICE` + +For PostgreSQL, it is usually safe to restart the master node by default. Automatic failover defaults to a 1 minute timeout. Provided the database returns before then, nothing else needs to be done. To be safe, you can stop `repmgrd` on the standby nodes first with `gitlab-ctl stop repmgrd`, then start afterwards with `gitlab-ctl start repmgrd`. + +On the Consul server nodes, it is important to restart the Consul service in a controlled fashion. Read our [Consul documentation](../high_availability/consul.md#restarting-the-server-cluster) for instructions on how to restart the service. + +### `gitlab-ctl repmgr-check-master` command produces errors + +If this command displays errors about database permissions it is likely that something failed during +install, resulting in the `gitlab-consul` database user getting incorrect permissions. Follow these +steps to fix the problem: + +1. On the master database node, connect to the database prompt - `gitlab-psql -d template1` +1. Delete the `gitlab-consul` user - `DROP USER "gitlab-consul";` +1. Exit the database prompt - `\q` +1. [Reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) and the user will be re-added with the proper permissions. +1. Change to the `gitlab-consul` user - `su - gitlab-consul` +1. Try the check command again - `gitlab-ctl repmgr-check-master`. + +Now there should not be errors. If errors still occur then there is another problem. + +### PgBouncer error `ERROR: pgbouncer cannot connect to server` + +You may get this error when running `gitlab-rake gitlab:db:configure` or you +may see the error in the PgBouncer log file. + +```plaintext +PG::ConnectionBad: ERROR: pgbouncer cannot connect to server +``` + +The problem may be that your PgBouncer node's IP address is not included in the +`trust_auth_cidr_addresses` setting in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` on the database nodes. + +You can confirm that this is the issue by checking the PostgreSQL log on the master +database node. If you see the following error then `trust_auth_cidr_addresses` +is the problem. + +```plaintext +2018-03-29_13:59:12.11776 FATAL: no pg_hba.conf entry for host "123.123.123.123", user "pgbouncer", database "gitlabhq_production", SSL off +``` + +To fix the problem, add the IP address to `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`. + +```ruby +postgresql['trust_auth_cidr_addresses'] = %w(123.123.123.123/32 ) +``` + +[Reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect. -- cgit v1.2.1