module DeclarativePolicy class Runner class State def initialize @enabled = false @prevented = false end def enable! @enabled = true end def enabled? @enabled end def prevent! @prevented = true end def prevented? @prevented end def pass? !prevented? && enabled? end end # a Runner contains a list of Steps to be run. attr_reader :steps def initialize(steps) @steps = steps end # We make sure only to run any given Runner once, # and just continue to use the resulting @state # that's left behind. def cached? !!@state end # used by Rule::Ability. See #steps_by_score def score return 0 if cached? steps.map(&:score).inject(0, :+) end def merge_runner(other) Runner.new(@steps + other.steps) end # The main entry point, called for making an ability decision. # See #run and DeclarativePolicy::Base#can? def pass? run unless cached? @state.pass? end # see DeclarativePolicy::Base#debug def debug(out = $stderr) run(out) end private def flatten_steps! @steps = @steps.flat_map { |s| s.flattened(@steps) } end # This method implements the semantic of "one enable and no prevents". # It relies on #steps_by_score for the main loop, and updates @state # with the result of the step. def run(debug = nil) @state = State.new steps_by_score do |step, score| break if !debug && @state.prevented? passed = nil case step.action when :enable then # we only check :enable actions if they have a chance of # changing the outcome - if no other rule has enabled or # prevented. unless @state.enabled? || @state.prevented? passed = step.pass? @state.enable! if passed end debug << inspect_step(step, score, passed) if debug when :prevent then # we only check :prevent actions if the state hasn't already # been prevented. unless @state.prevented? passed = step.pass? @state.prevent! if passed end debug << inspect_step(step, score, passed) if debug else raise "invalid action #{step.action.inspect}" end end @state end # This is the core spot where all those `#score` methods matter. # It is critical for performance to run steps in the correct order, # so that we don't compute expensive conditions (potentially n times # if we're called on, say, a large list of users). # # In order to determine the cheapest step to run next, we rely on # Step#score, which returns a numerical rating of how expensive # it would be to calculate - the lower the better. It would be # easy enough to statically sort by these scores, but we can do # a little better - the scores are cache-aware (conditions that # are already in the cache have score 0), which means that running # a step can actually change the scores of other steps. # # So! The way we sort here involves re-scoring at every step. This # is by necessity quadratic, but most of the time the number of steps # will be low. But just in case, if the number of steps exceeds 50, # we print a warning and fall back to a static sort. # # For each step, we yield the step object along with the computed score # for debugging purposes. def steps_by_score flatten_steps! if @steps.size > 50 warn "DeclarativePolicy: large number of steps (#{steps.size}), falling back to static sort" @steps.map { |s| [s.score, s] }.sort_by { |(score, _)| score }.each do |(score, step)| yield step, score end return end remaining_steps = Set.new(@steps) remaining_enablers, remaining_preventers = remaining_steps.partition(&:enable?).map { |s| Set.new(s) } loop do if @state.enabled? # Once we set this, we never need to unset it, because a single # prevent will stop this from being enabled remaining_steps = remaining_preventers else # if the permission hasn't yet been enabled and we only have # prevent steps left, we short-circuit the state here @state.prevent! if remaining_enablers.empty? end return if remaining_steps.empty? lowest_score = Float::INFINITY next_step = nil remaining_steps.each do |step| score = step.score if score < lowest_score next_step = step lowest_score = score end break if lowest_score.zero? end [remaining_steps, remaining_enablers, remaining_preventers].each do |set| set.delete(next_step) end yield next_step, lowest_score end end # Formatter for debugging output. def inspect_step(step, original_score, passed) symbol = case passed when true then '+' when false then '-' when nil then ' ' end "#{symbol} [#{original_score.to_i}] #{step.repr}\n" end end end