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---
type: reference
---
# Review Apps
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/21971) in GitLab 8.12. Further additions were made in GitLab 8.13 and 8.14.
> - Inspired by [Heroku's Review Apps](https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/github-integration-review-apps), which itself was inspired by [Fourchette](https://github.com/rainforestapp/fourchette).
Review Apps is a collaboration tool that takes the hard work out of providing an environment to showcase product changes.
## Introduction
Review Apps:
- Provide an automatic live preview of changes made in a feature branch by spinning up a dynamic environment for your merge requests.
- Allow designers and product managers to see your changes without needing to check out your branch and run your changes in a sandbox environment.
- Are fully integrated with the [GitLab DevOps LifeCycle](../../README.md#the-entire-devops-lifecycle).
- Allow you to deploy your changes wherever you want.
In the above example:
- A Review App is built every time a commit is pushed to `topic branch`.
- The reviewer fails two reviews before passing the third review.
- Once the review as passed, `topic branch` is merged into `master` where it's deploy to staging.
- After been approved in staging, the changes that were merged into `master` are deployed in to production.
### How Review Apps work
A Review App is a mapping of a branch with an [environment](../environments.md).
Access to the Review App is made available as a link on the [merge request](../../user/project/merge_requests.md) relevant to the branch.
The following is an example of a merge request with an environment set dynamically.
In this example, a branch was:
- Successfully built.
- Deployed under a dynamic environment that can be reached by clicking on the **View app** button.
## Configuring Review Apps
Review Apps are built on [dynamic environments](../environments.md#configuring-dynamic-environments), which allow you to dynamically create a new environment for each branch.
The process of configuring Review Apps is as follows:
1. Set up the infrastructure to host and deploy the Review Apps.
1. [Install](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/) and [configure](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/commands/) a Runner to do deployment.
1. Set up a job in `.gitlab-ci.yml` that uses the [predefined CI environment variable](../variables/README.md) `${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}` to create dynamic environments and restrict it to run only on branches.
1. Optionally, set a job that [manually stops](../environments.md#stopping-an-environment) the Review Apps.
### Examples
The following are example projects that demonstrate Review App configuration:
- [NGINX](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/review-apps-nginx).
- [OpenShift](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/review-apps-openshift).
See also the video [Demo: Cloud Native Development with GitLab](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfIyQEwrocw), which includes a Review Apps example.
### Route Maps
> Introduced in GitLab 8.17. In GitLab 11.5, the file links are available in the merge request widget.
Route Maps allows you to go directly from source files
to public pages on the [environment](../environments.md) defined for
Review Apps.
Once set up, the review app link in the merge request
widget can take you directly to the pages changed, making it easier
and faster to preview proposed modifications.
Configuring Route Maps involves telling GitLab how the paths of files
in your repository map to paths of pages on your website using a Route Map.
Once set, GitLab will display **View on ...** buttons, which will take you
to the pages changed directly from merge requests.
To set up a route map, add a a file inside the repository at `.gitlab/route-map.yml`,
which contains a YAML array that maps `source` paths (in the repository) to `public`
paths (on the website).
#### Route Maps example
The following is an example of a route map for [Middleman](https://middlemanapp.com),
a static site generator (SSG) used to build [GitLab's website](https://about.gitlab.com),
deployed from its [project on GitLab.com](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com):
```yaml
# Team data
- source: 'data/team.yml' # data/team.yml
public: 'team/' # team/
# Blogposts
- source: /source\/posts\/([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{2})-(.+?)\..*/ # source/posts/2017-01-30-around-the-world-in-6-releases.html.md.erb
public: '\1/\2/\3/\4/' # 2017/01/30/around-the-world-in-6-releases/
# HTML files
- source: /source\/(.+?\.html).*/ # source/index.html.haml
public: '\1' # index.html
# Other files
- source: /source\/(.*)/ # source/images/blogimages/around-the-world-in-6-releases-cover.png
public: '\1' # images/blogimages/around-the-world-in-6-releases-cover.png
```
Mappings are defined as entries in the root YAML array, and are identified by a `-` prefix. Within an entry, there is a hash map with two keys:
- `source`
- A string, starting and ending with `'`, for an exact match.
- A regular expression, starting and ending with `/`, for a pattern match:
- The regular expression needs to match the entire source path - `^` and `$` anchors are implied.
- Can include capture groups denoted by `()` that can be referred to in the `public` path.
- Slashes (`/`) can, but don't have to, be escaped as `\/`.
- Literal periods (`.`) should be escaped as `\.`.
- `public`, a string starting and ending with `'`.
- Can include `\N` expressions to refer to capture groups in the `source` regular expression in order of their occurrence, starting with `\1`.
The public path for a source path is determined by finding the first
`source` expression that matches it, and returning the corresponding
`public` path, replacing the `\N` expressions with the values of the
`()` capture groups if appropriate.
In the example above, the fact that mappings are evaluated in order
of their definition is used to ensure that `source/index.html.haml`
will match `/source\/(.+?\.html).*/` instead of `/source\/(.*)/`,
and will result in a public path of `index.html`, instead of
`index.html.haml`.
Once you have the route mapping set up, it will take effect in the following locations:
- In the merge request widget. The:
- **View app** button will take you to the environment URL set in `.gitlab-ci.yml`.
- Dropdown will list the first 5 matched items from the route map, but you can filter them if more
than 5 are available.
- In the diff for a merge request, comparison, or commit.
- In the blob file view.
## Working with Review Apps
After adding Review Apps to your workflow, you follow the branched Git flow. That is:
1. Push a branch and let the Runner deploy the Review App based on the `script` definition of the dynamic environment job.
1. Wait for the Runner to build and deploy your web application.
1. Click on the link that provided in the merge request related to the branch to see the changes live.
### Review Toolbar
The Review Toolbar can be added to a Review App to make it easier to post comments directly from the app back to the merge request that spawned the Review App.
#### Using the Toolbar
To use the toolbar, you will need a [personal access token](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/profile/personal_access_tokens.html) with the [API scope](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/profile/personal_access_tokens.html#limiting-scopes-of-a-personal-access-token).
Comments can make use of all the markdown annotations available in merge request comment boxes.
#### Configuring the Toolbar
The toolbar is served through a script injected into the pages in your Review App. The base script to be included can be found by clicking the Review button in the Review App footer in the MR.
_Screenshot of button_
_Screenshot of open modal_
The base script hardcodes the project and merge request ids. You may want to consider using features of your programming language to use environment variables or another means to inject these at runtime. (And keep your eyes peeled for new features to make it even easier in upcoming releases!)
## Limitations
Review App limitations are the same as [environments limitations](../environments.md#limitations).
|
