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|
Internet Draft Grigorij Chudov, CRYPTO-PRO
Serguei Leontiev, CRYPTO-PRO
Expires March 8, 2006 September 8, 2005
Intended Category: Informational
GOST Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security
<draft-chudov-cryptopro-cptls-02.txt>
Status of this Memo
By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than a "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html.
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
This Internet-Draft will expire on March 8, 2006.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
This document is intended to register new cipher suites for the
Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, according to the procedure
specified in section A.5 of [TLS]. These cipher suites are based on
Russian national cryptographic standards - GOST R 34.10-94 and GOST R
34.10-2001 public keys, GOST 28147-89 encryption algorithm and GOST R
34.11-94 digest algorithm.
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 1]
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Proposed Ciphersuites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 CipherSuite Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1 Key Exchange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.2 PRF, Signature and Hash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.3 Cipher and MAC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4 Data Structures and Computations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1 Algorithms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.2 Keys Calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.3 Server Certificate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.4 Server Key Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.5 Certificate Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.6 Client Key Exchange Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.7 Certificate Verify. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.8 Finished. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5 Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6 Appendix ASN.1 Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Author's Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Full Copyright Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1 Introduction
This document proposes the addition of new cipher suites to the
Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol to support GOST R 34.11-94
digest, GOST 28147-89 encryption and VKO GOST R 34.10-94/2001 key
exchange algorithms. The cipher suites defined here were proposed by
CRYPTO-PRO Company for the "Russian Cryptographic Software
Compatibility Agreement" community.
Algorithms GOST R 34.10-94, GOST R 34.10-2001, GOST 28147-89 and GOST
R 34.11-94 have been developed by Russian Federal Agency of
Governmental Communication and Information (FAGCI) and "All-Russian
Scientific and Research Institute of Standardization". They are
described in [GOSTR341094], [GOSTR341001], [GOSTR3411] and
[GOST28147]. Algorithms VKO GOST R 34.10-94/2001 and PRF_GOSTR3411
are described in [CPALGS].
This document defines two configurations:
anonymous client - authenticated server (only server provides a
certificate);
authenticated client - authenticated server (client and server
exchange certificates).
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 2]
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The presentation language used here is the same as in [TLS]. Since
this specification extends TLS, these descriptions should be merged
with those in the TLS specification and any others that extend TLS.
This means, that enum types may not specify all possible values and
structures with multiple formats chosen with a select() clause may
not indicate all possible cases.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL
NOT","SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in
this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119].
2 Proposed CipherSuites
The new cipher suites proposed here have the following definitions:
CipherSuite TLS_GOST341094_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 = {0x00,0x80}
CipherSuite TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147= {0x00,0x81}
CipherSuite TLS_GOST341094_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 = {0x00,0x82}
CipherSuite TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 = {0x00,0x83}
Note: The above numeric definitions for CipherSuites have not yet
been registered.
3 CipherSuite Definitions
3.1 Key exchange
The cipher suites defined here use the following key exchange
algorithms:
CipherSuite Key Exchange Algorithm
TLS_GOST341094_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 VKO GOST R 34.10-94
TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 VKO GOST R 34.10-2001
TLS_GOST341094_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 VKO GOST R 34.10-94
TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 VKO GOST R 34.10-2001
Key derivation algorithms based on GOST R 3410-94 and GOST R
3410-2001 public keys (VKO GOST R 34.10-94, VKO GOST R 34.10-2001)
are described in [CPALGS].
3.2 PRF, Signature and Hash
For a PRF, described in section 5 of [TLS], the cipher suites
described here use PRF_GOSTR3411 (refer to section 4.1). The same PRF
MUST be used for all dependent protocols, such as [EAP-TLS].
GOST R 3410-94/2001 signature is used for CertificateVerify message.
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 3]
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GOST R 34.11 digest algorithm ([GOSTR341194]) is used for
CertificateVerify.signature.gostR3411_hash and Finished.verify_data
(see sections 7.4.8 and 7.4.9 of [TLS])
3.3 Cipher and MAC
The following cipher algorithm and MAC functions are used (for
details refer to section 4.1):
CipherSuite Cipher MAC
TLS_GOST341094_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 GOST28147 IMIT_GOST28147
TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 GOST28147 IMIT_GOST28147
TLS_GOST341094_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 - HMAC_GOSTR3411
TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 - HMAC_GOSTR3411
For all four cipher suites, the use of MAC is slighttly different
from the one, described in section 6.2.3.1 of [TLS]. In [TLS], MAC
is calculated from the following data:
MACed_data[seq_num] = seq_num +
TLSCompressed.type +
TLSCompressed.version +
TLSCompressed.length +
TLSCompressed.fragment;
These cipher suites use the same input for first record, but for each
next record the input from all previous records is concatenated:
MACed_data[0] + ... + MACed_data[n]
4 Data Structures and Computations
4.1 Algorithms
GOST 28147-89 [GOST28147] uses 256-bit key size and 8-byte IV.
Cipher suites, defined here, use GOST 28147-89 as a stream cipher in
OFB mode with S-box from id-Gost28147-89-CryptoPro-A-ParamSet (see
[CPALGS]) and CryptoPro key meshing algorithm.
IMIT_GOST28147 is GOST 28147-89 [GOST28147] in "IMITOVSTAVKA" mode (4
bytes)
HMAC_GOSTR3411(secret, data) is based on GOST R 34.11 digest and
described in [CPALGS].
PRF_GOSTR3411(secret, label, seed) is based on HMAC_GOSTR3411 and
described in [CPALGS].
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4.2 Key Calculation
Key calculation is done according to section 6.3 of [TLS], with
PRF_GOSTR3411 function used instead of PRF. The parameters are as
follows:
SecurityParameters.hash_size = 32
SecurityParameters.key_material_length = 32
SecurityParameters.IV_size = 8
Length of necessary key material is 144 bytes.
4.3 Server Certificate
For these cipher suites this message is required and it MUST contain
a certificate, with a public key algorithm matching
ServerHello.cipher_suite.
4.4 Server Key Exchange
This message MUST NOT be used in these cipher suites, because all the
parameters necessary are present in server certificate (see [CPPK]).
4.3 Certificate Request
This message is used as described in section 7.4.4 of [TLS], and
extended as follows:
enum {
gost341094(21), gost34102001(22),(255)
} ClientCertificateType;
gost341094 and gost34102001 certificate types identify that the
server accepts GOST R 34.10-94 and GOST R 34.10-2001 public key
certificates.
Note: The above numeric definitions for ClientCertificateType have
not yet been registered.
4.6 Client Key Exchange Message
This message is used as described in section 7.4.7 of [TLS], it is
required for these suites, and contains DER-encoded
TLSGostKeyTransportBlob structure.
enum { vko_gost } KeyExchangeAlgorithm;
struct {
select (KeyExchangeAlgorithm) {
case vko_gost: TLSGostKeyTransportBlob;
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 5]
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} exchange_keys;
} ClientKeyExchange;
ASN1-syntax for this structure is:
TLSGostKeyTransportBlob ::= SEQUENCE {
keyBlob GostR3410-KeyTransport,
proxyKeyBlobs SEQUENCE OF TLSProxyKeyTransportBlob OPTIONAL
}
TLSProxyKeyTransportBlob ::= SEQUENCE {
keyBlob GostR3410-KeyTransport,
cert OCTET STRING
}
GostR3410-KeyTransport is defined in [CPCMS].
keyBlob.transportParameters MUST be present.
keyBlob.transportParameters.ephemeralPublicKey MUST be present if the
server didn't request client certificate or client's public key
algorithm and parameters do not match those of the recipient. Else it
SHOULD be omited.
proxyKeyBlobs - (optional) contains key exchange for secondary
recipients (for example, for the firewall, which audits
connections).
cert - contains secondary recipient's certificate.
Actions of client:
First, the client generates a random 32-byte premaster_secret.
Then shared_ukm is calculated as first 8 bytes of digest of
concatenated client random and server random: shared_ukm =
GOSTR3411(client_random|server_random)[0..7]
Then client chooses a sender key. If
keyBlob.transportParameters.ephemeralPublicKey is present, the
corresponding secret key MUST be used as a sender key. If it is
missing, the secret key, corresponding to the client certificate MUST
be used.
Using the sender key and recipient's public key, algorithm VKO GOST R
34.10-94 or VKO GOST R 34.10-2001 (described in [CPALGS]) is applied
to produce KEK. VKO GOST R 34.10-2001 is used with shared_ukm as
UKM.
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 6]
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Then CryptoPro Key Wrap algorithm is applied to encrypt
premaster_secret and produce CEK_ENC and CEK_MAC. Again, shared_ukm
is used as UKM. keyBlob.transportParameters.encryptionParamSet is
used for all encryption operations.
The resulting encrypted key (CEK_ENC) is placed in
keyBlob.sessionEncryptedKey.encryptedKey field, it's mac (CEK_MAC) is
placed in keyBlob.sessionEncryptedKey.macKey field, and shared_ukm
(UKM) is placed in keyBlob.transportParameters.ukm field.
Actions of server:
Server MUST verify, that keyBlob.transportParameters.ukm is equal to
GOSTR3411(client_random|server_random)[0..7], before decrypting the
premaster_secret.
Server applies VKO GOST R 34.10-94 or VKO GOST R 34.10-2001,
(depending on the client public key type), and CryptoPro Key Unwrap
algorithm in the simillar manner to decrypt the premaster_secret.
Server MUST verify keyBlob.sessionEncryptedKey.macKey after
decrypting the premaster_secret.
4.7 Certificate Verify
This message is used as described in section 7.4.8 of [TLS]. If the
client have sent both a client certificate and an ephemeral public
key, it MUST send a certificate verify message, as a proof of
possession of the private key for provided certificate.
The TLS structures are extended as follows:
enum { gost341094, gost34102001 }
SignatureAlgorithm;
select (SignatureAlgorithm) {
case gost341094:
digitally-signed struct {
opaque gost341194_hash[32];
};
case gost34102001:
digitally-signed struct {
opaque gost341194_hash[32];
};
} Signature;
CertificateVerify.signature.gostR3411_hash =
GOSTR3411(handshake_messages)
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4.8 Finished
This message is used as described in section 7.4.9 of [TLS].
Finished.verify_data = PRF_GOSTR3411(master_secret, finished_label +
GOSTR3411(handshake_messages)) [0..11]
5 Security Considerations
It is RECOMMENDED that software applications verify signature values,
subject public keys and algorithm parameters to conform to
[GOSTR341001], [GOSTR341094] standards prior to their use.
Use of the same key for signature and key derivation is NOT
RECOMMENDED.
It is RECOMMENDED for both client and server to verify the private
key usage period, if this extension is present in the certificate.
The cipher suites TLS_GOST341094_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 and
TLS_GOST34102001_WITH_GOST28147_OFB_GOST28147 proposed hereby, have
been analyzed by special certification laboratory of Scientific and
Technical Centre "ATLAS" in appropriate levels of
target_of_evaluation (TOE).
It is RECOMMENDED to subject the implementations of these cipher
suites to examination by an authorized agency with approved methods
of cryptographic analysis.
6 Appendix ASN.1 Modules
Additional ASN.1 modules, referenced here, can be found in [CPALGS]
and [CPCMS].
6.1 Gost-CryptoPro-TLS
Gost-CryptoPro-TLS
{ iso(1) member-body(2) ru(643) rans(2)
cryptopro(2) other(1) modules(1) gost-CryptoPro-TLS(16) 1 }
DEFINITIONS ::=
BEGIN
-- EXPORTS All --
-- The types and values defined in this module are exported for
-- use in the other ASN.1 modules contained within the Russian
-- Cryptography "GOST" & "GOST R" Specifications, and for the use
-- of other applications which will use them to access Russian
-- Cryptography services. Other applications may use them for
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 8]
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-- their own purposes, but this will not constrain extensions and
-- modifications needed to maintain or improve the Russian
-- Cryptography service.
IMPORTS
Certificate,
AlgorithmIdentifier
FROM PKIX1Explicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7)
id-mod(0) id-pkix1-explicit-88(1)}
id-CryptoPro-algorithms, gostR3410-EncryptionSyntax
FROM Cryptographic-Gost-Useful-Definitions
{ iso(1) member-body(2) ru(643) rans(2)
cryptopro(2) other(1) modules(1)
cryptographic-Gost-Useful-Definitions(0) 1 }
GostR3410-KeyTransport
FROM GostR3410-EncryptionSyntax
gostR3410-EncryptionSyntax
;
id-PRF-GostR3411-94 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=
{ id-CryptoPro-algorithms prf-gostr3411-94(23) }
TLSProxyKeyTransportBlob ::=
SEQUENCE {
keyBlob GostR3410-KeyTransport,
cert OCTET STRING
}
TLSGostKeyTransportBlob ::=
SEQUENCE {
keyBlob GostR3410-KeyTransport,
proxyKeyBlobs SEQUENCE OF
TLSProxyKeyTransportBlob OPTIONAL
}
TLSGostSrvKeyExchange ::=
SEQUENCE OF
OCTET STRING (CONSTRAINED BY {Certificate})
TLSGostExtensionHashHMACSelect ::=
SEQUENCE {
hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
hmacAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
prfAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier
}
TLSGostExtensionHashHMACSelectClient ::=
SEQUENCE OF
TLSGostExtensionHashHMACSelect
TLSGostExtensionHashHMACSelectServer ::=
TLSGostExtensionHashHMACSelect
END -- Gost-CryptoPro-TLS
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 9]
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7 References
Normative references:
[CPALGS] V. Popov, I. Kurepkin, S. Leontiev, "Additional crypto-
graphic algorithms for use with GOST 28147-89, GOST R
34.10-94, GOST R 34.10-2001, and GOST R 34.11-94 algo-
rithms.", September 2005, draft-popov-cryptopro-
cpalgs-04.txt
[CPPK] S. Leontiev, D. Shefanovskij, "Algorithms and Identi-
fiers for the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure
Certificates and Certificate Revocation List (CRL),
corresponding to the algorithms GOST R 34.10-94, GOST R
34.10-2001, GOST R 34.11-94", September 2005, draft-
ietf-pkix-gost-cppk-03.txt
[CPCMS] S. Leontiev, G. Chudov, "Using the GOST 28147-89, GOST
R 34.11-94, GOST R 34.10-94 and GOST R 34.10-2001 algo-
rithms with the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)",
September 2005, draft-ietf-smime-gost-05.txt
[GOST28147] "Cryptographic Protection for Data Processing System",
GOST 28147-89, Gosudarstvennyi Standard of USSR, Gov-
ernment Committee of the USSR for Standards, 1989. (In
Russian);
[GOSTR341094] "Information technology. Cryptographic Data Security.
Produce and check procedures of Electronic Digital Sig-
natures based on Asymmetric Cryptographic Algorithm.",
GOST R 34.10-94, Gosudarstvennyi Standard of Russian
Federation, Government Committee of the Russia for
Standards, 1994. (In Russian);
[GOSTR341001] "Information technology. Cryptographic Data Secu-
rity.Signature and verification processes of [elec-
tronic] digital signature.", GOST R 34.10-2001, Gosu-
darstvennyi Standard of Russian Federation, Government
Committee of the Russia for Standards, 2001. (In Rus-
sian);
[GOSTR341194] "Information technology. Cryptographic Data Security.
Hashing function.", GOST R 34.10-94, Gosudarstvennyi
Standard of Russian Federation, Government Committee of
the Russia for Standards, 1994. (In Russian);
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 10]
Internet-Draft GOST Cipher Suites for TLS September 2005
[TLS] The TLS Protocol Version 1.0. T. Dierks, C. Allen.
January 1999, RFC 2246.
Informative references:
[RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key Words for Use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[Schneier95] B. Schneier, Applied cryptography, second edition,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995;
[TLSEXT] Blake-Wilson, S., Nystrom, M., Hopwood, D., Mikkelsen,
J. and T. Wright, "Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Extensions", RFC 3546, June 2003.
[X.660] ITU-T Recommendation X.660 Information Technology -
ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding
Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distin-
guished Encoding Rules (DER), 1997.
[EAP-TLS] B. Aboba, D. Simon, "PPP EAP TLS Authentication Proto-
col", RFC 2716, October 1999.
Acknowledgments
This document was created in accordance with "Russian Cryptographic
Software Compatibility Agreement", signed by FGUE STC "Atlas",
CRYPTO-PRO, Factor-TS, MD PREI, Infotecs GmbH, SPRCIS (SPbRCZI),
Cryptocom, R-Alpha. The aim of this agreement is to achieve mutual
compatibility of the products and solutions.
The authors wish to thank:
Microsoft Corporation Russia for provided information about
company products and solutions, and also for technical consulting
in PKI.
RSA Security Russia and Demos Co Ltd for active colaboration and
critical help in creation of this document.
NIP Informzachita for compatibility testing of the proposed data
formats while incorporating them into company products.
Citrix Inc for help in compatibility testing Citrix products for
Microsoft Windows.
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 11]
Internet-Draft GOST Cipher Suites for TLS September 2005
Russ Hously (Vigil Security, LLC, housley@vigilsec.com) and
Vasilij Sakharov (DEMOS Co Ltd, svp@dol.ru) for initiative,
creating this document.
This document is based on a contribution of CRYPTO-PRO company. Any
substantial use of the text from this document must acknowledge
CRYPTO-PRO. CRYPTO-PRO requests that all material mentioning or
referencing this document identify this as "CRYPTO-PRO CPTLS".
Author's Addresses
Grigorij Chudov
CRYPTO-PRO
38, Obraztsova,
Moscow, 127018, Russian Federation
EMail: chudov@cryptopro.ru
Serguei Leontiev
CRYPTO-PRO
38, Obraztsova,
Moscow, 127018, Russian Federation
EMail: lse@cryptopro.ru
Alexandr Afanasiev
Factor-TS
office 711, 14, Presnenskij val,
Moscow, 123557, Russian Federation
EMail: afa1@factor-ts.ru
Nikolaj Nikishin
Infotecs GmbH
p/b 35, 80-5, Leningradskij prospekt,
Moscow, 125315, Russian Federation
EMail: nikishin@infotecs.ru
Boleslav Izotov
FGUE STC "Atlas"
38, Obraztsova,
Moscow, 127018, Russian Federation
EMail: izotov@nii.voskhod.ru
Elena Minaeva
MD PREI
build 3, 6A, Vtoroj Troitskij per.,
Moscow, Russian Federation
EMail: evminaeva@mail.ru
Serguei Murugov
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 12]
Internet-Draft GOST Cipher Suites for TLS September 2005
R-Alpha
4/1, Raspletina,
Moscow, 123060, Russian Federation
EMail: msm@top-cross.ru
Igor Ustinov
Cryptocom
office 239, 51, Leninskij prospekt,
Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
EMail: igus@cryptocom.ru
Anatolij Erkin
SPRCIS (SPbRCZI)
1, Obrucheva,
St.Petersburg, 195220, Russian Federation
EMail: erkin@nevsky.net
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INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
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WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005). This document is subject
to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and
except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.
Acknowledgment
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
Internet Society.
Chudov, Leontiev Informational [Page 13]
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