1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<!-- This manual is last updated 4 March 2015 for version
3.5.3 of GnuTLS.
Copyright (C) 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\\
Copyright (C) 2001-2015 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A
copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License". -->
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.1, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
<head>
<title>GnuTLS 3.5.3: Simple client example with X.509 certificate support</title>
<meta name="description" content="GnuTLS 3.5.3: Simple client example with X.509 certificate support">
<meta name="keywords" content="GnuTLS 3.5.3: Simple client example with X.509 certificate support">
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
<link href="Function-and-Data-Index.html#Function-and-Data-Index" rel="index" title="Function and Data Index">
<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
<link href="Client-examples.html#Client-examples" rel="up" title="Client examples">
<link href="Simple-client-example-with-SSH_002dstyle-certificate-verification.html#Simple-client-example-with-SSH_002dstyle-certificate-verification" rel="next" title="Simple client example with SSH-style certificate verification">
<link href="Client-examples.html#Client-examples" rel="prev" title="Client examples">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em}
blockquote.smallindentedblock {margin-right: 0em; font-size: smaller}
blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
kbd {font-style: oblique}
pre.display {font-family: inherit}
pre.format {font-family: inherit}
pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap}
span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal}
span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal}
ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
body {
margin: 2%;
padding: 0 5%;
background: #ffffff;
}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5 {
font-weight: bold;
padding: 5px 5px 5px 5px;
background-color: #c2e0ff;
color: #336699;
}
h1 {
padding: 2em 2em 2em 5%;
color: white;
background: #336699;
text-align: center;
letter-spacing: 3px;
}
h2 { text-decoration: underline; }
pre {
margin: 0 5%;
padding: 0.5em;
}
pre.example,pre.verbatim {
padding-bottom: 1em;
border: solid #c2e0ff;
background: #f0faff;
border-width: 1px 1px 1px 5px;
margin: 1em auto;
width: 90%;
}
div.node {
margin: 0 -5% 0 -2%;
padding: 0.5em 0.5em;
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
font-weight: bold;
}
dd, li {
padding-top: 0.1em;
padding-bottom: 0.1em;
}
div.float {
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
text-align: center;
}
table {
text-align: left;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
border-spacing: 7px;
width: 50%;
}
th {
padding: 0;
color: #336699;
background-color: #c2e0ff;
border: solid #000000;
border-width: 0px;
margin: 1em auto;
text-align: center;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
}
td {
padding: 0;
border: solid #000000;
background-color: #f0faff;
border-width: 0px;
margin: 1em auto;
text-align: left;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
padding-left: 1em;
}
dl {
text-align: left;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
width: 50%;
padding-left: 1em;
border: solid #c2e0ff;
background: #f0faff;
border-width: 5px 1px 1px 1px;
margin: 1em auto;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body lang="en">
<a name="Simple-client-example-with-X_002e509-certificate-support"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="Simple-client-example-with-SSH_002dstyle-certificate-verification.html#Simple-client-example-with-SSH_002dstyle-certificate-verification" accesskey="n" rel="next">Simple client example with SSH-style certificate verification</a>, Up: <a href="Client-examples.html#Client-examples" accesskey="u" rel="up">Client examples</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-and-Data-Index.html#Function-and-Data-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<hr>
<a name="Simple-client-example-with-X_002e509-certificate-support-1"></a>
<h4 class="subsection">7.1.1 Simple client example with <acronym>X.509</acronym> certificate support</h4>
<a name="ex_002dverify"></a>
<p>Let’s assume now that we want to create a TCP client which
communicates with servers that use <acronym>X.509</acronym> certificate authentication.
The following client is a very simple <acronym>TLS</acronym> client, which uses
the high level verification functions for certificates, but does not support session
resumption.
</p>
<p>Note that this client utilizes functionality present in the latest GnuTLS
version. For a reasonably portable version see <a href="Legacy-client-example-with-X_002e509-certificate-support.html#Legacy-client-example-with-X_002e509-certificate-support">Legacy client example with X.509 certificate support</a>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">/* This example code is placed in the public domain. */
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <gnutls/gnutls.h>
#include <gnutls/x509.h>
#include "examples.h"
/* A very basic TLS client, with X.509 authentication and server certificate
* verification. Note that error recovery is minimal for simplicity.
*/
#define CHECK(x) assert((x)>=0)
#define MAX_BUF 1024
#define CAFILE "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt"
#define MSG "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
extern int tcp_connect(void);
extern void tcp_close(int sd);
int main(void)
{
int ret, sd, ii;
gnutls_session_t session;
char buffer[MAX_BUF + 1];
gnutls_datum_t out;
int type;
unsigned status;
#if 0
const char *err;
#endif
gnutls_certificate_credentials_t xcred;
if (gnutls_check_version("3.4.6") == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "GnuTLS 3.4.6 or later is required for this example\n");
exit(1);
}
/* for backwards compatibility with gnutls < 3.3.0 */
CHECK(gnutls_global_init());
/* X509 stuff */
CHECK(gnutls_certificate_allocate_credentials(&xcred));
/* sets the trusted cas file
*/
CHECK(gnutls_certificate_set_x509_trust_file(xcred, CAFILE,
GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM));
/* If client holds a certificate it can be set using the following:
*
gnutls_certificate_set_x509_key_file (xcred,
"cert.pem", "key.pem",
GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
*/
/* Initialize TLS session
*/
CHECK(gnutls_init(&session, GNUTLS_CLIENT));
CHECK(gnutls_server_name_set(session, GNUTLS_NAME_DNS, "my_host_name",
strlen("my_host_name")));
/* It is recommended to use the default priorities */
CHECK(gnutls_set_default_priority(session));
#if 0
/* if more fine-graned control is required */
ret = gnutls_priority_set_direct(session,
"NORMAL", &err);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret == GNUTLS_E_INVALID_REQUEST) {
fprintf(stderr, "Syntax error at: %s\n", err);
}
exit(1);
}
#endif
/* put the x509 credentials to the current session
*/
CHECK(gnutls_credentials_set(session, GNUTLS_CRD_CERTIFICATE, xcred));
gnutls_session_set_verify_cert(session, "my_host_name", 0);
/* connect to the peer
*/
sd = tcp_connect();
gnutls_transport_set_int(session, sd);
gnutls_handshake_set_timeout(session,
GNUTLS_DEFAULT_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT);
/* Perform the TLS handshake
*/
do {
ret = gnutls_handshake(session);
}
while (ret < 0 && gnutls_error_is_fatal(ret) == 0);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret == GNUTLS_E_CERTIFICATE_VERIFICATION_ERROR) {
/* check certificate verification status */
type = gnutls_certificate_type_get(session);
status = gnutls_session_get_verify_cert_status(session);
CHECK(gnutls_certificate_verification_status_print(status,
type, &out, 0));
printf("cert verify output: %s\n", out.data);
gnutls_free(out.data);
}
fprintf(stderr, "*** Handshake failed: %s\n", gnutls_strerror(ret));
goto end;
} else {
char *desc;
desc = gnutls_session_get_desc(session);
printf("- Session info: %s\n", desc);
gnutls_free(desc);
}
/* send data */
CHECK(gnutls_record_send(session, MSG, strlen(MSG)));
ret = gnutls_record_recv(session, buffer, MAX_BUF);
if (ret == 0) {
printf("- Peer has closed the TLS connection\n");
goto end;
} else if (ret < 0 && gnutls_error_is_fatal(ret) == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "*** Warning: %s\n", gnutls_strerror(ret));
} else if (ret < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "*** Error: %s\n", gnutls_strerror(ret));
goto end;
}
if (ret > 0) {
printf("- Received %d bytes: ", ret);
for (ii = 0; ii < ret; ii++) {
fputc(buffer[ii], stdout);
}
fputs("\n", stdout);
}
CHECK(gnutls_bye(session, GNUTLS_SHUT_RDWR));
end:
tcp_close(sd);
gnutls_deinit(session);
gnutls_certificate_free_credentials(xcred);
gnutls_global_deinit();
return 0;
}
</pre>
<hr>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="Simple-client-example-with-SSH_002dstyle-certificate-verification.html#Simple-client-example-with-SSH_002dstyle-certificate-verification" accesskey="n" rel="next">Simple client example with SSH-style certificate verification</a>, Up: <a href="Client-examples.html#Client-examples" accesskey="u" rel="up">Client examples</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-and-Data-Index.html#Function-and-Data-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
