path: root/gpsctl.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!--
This file is Copyright (c) 2010 by the GPSD project
BSD terms apply: see the file COPYING in the distribution root for details.
-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC
   "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd">
<refentry id='gpsctl.1'>
<refentryinfo><date>29 Oct 2006</date></refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>gpsctl</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="source">The GPSD Project</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="manual">GPSD Documentation</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv id='name'>
<refname>gpsctl</refname>
<refpurpose>control the modes of a GPS</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>

<cmdsynopsis>
  <command>gpsctl</command>
      <arg choice='opt'>-h </arg>
      <group>
	<arg choice='plain'>-b</arg>
	<arg choice='plain'>-n</arg>
      </group>
      <arg choice='opt'>-x <replaceable>control</replaceable></arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-e </arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-f </arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-l </arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-s <replaceable>speed</replaceable></arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-t <replaceable>devicetype</replaceable></arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-R </arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-D <replaceable>debuglevel</replaceable></arg>
      <arg choice='opt'>-V </arg>
      <arg choice='opt'><replaceable>serial-port</replaceable></arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>

<refsect1 id='description'><title>DESCRIPTION</title>

<para><application>gpsctl</application> can switch a dual-mode GPS
between NMEA and vendor-binary modes.  It can also be used to set the
device baudrate.  Note:  Not all devices have these capabilities.</para>

<para>If you have only one GPS attached to your machine, and gpsd is
running, it is not necessary to specify the device;
<application>gpsctl</application> does its work through
<application>gpsd</application>, which will locate it for you.</para>

<para>When <application>gpsd</application> is not running, the device
specification is required, and you will need to be running as root or
be a member of the device's owning group in order to have write access
to the device. On many Unix variants the owning group will be named
'dialout'.</para>

<para>The program accepts the following options:</para>
<variablelist remap='TP'>

<varlistentry>
<term>-b</term>
<listitem>
<para>Put the GPS into native (binary) mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-c</term>
<listitem>
<para>Change the GPS's cycle time.  Units are seconds.  Note, most
GPSes have a fixed cycle time of 1 second.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-e</term>
<listitem>
<para>Generate the packet from any other arguments specified and ship
it to standard output instead of the device. This switch can be used
with the <option>-t</option> option without specifying a device. Note:
the packet data for a binary prototype will be raw, not ASCII-ized in
any way.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-f</term>
<listitem>
<para>Force low-level access (not through the daemon).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-l</term>
<listitem>
<para>List a table showing which option switches can be applied
to which device types, and exit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-n</term>
<listitem>
<para>Put GPS into NMEA mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-s</term>
<listitem>
<para>Set the baud rate at which the GPS emits packets.</para>

<para>Use this option with caution.  On USB and Bluetooth GPSes it is
also possible for serial mode setting to fail either because the
serial adaptor chip does not support non-8N1 modes or because the
device firmware does not properly synchronize the serial adaptor chip
with the UART on the GPS chipset when the speed changes. These
failures can hang your device, possibly requiring a GPS power cycle or (in
extreme cases) physically disconnecting the NVRAM backup battery.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-t</term>
<listitem>
<para>Force the device type.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-x</term>
<listitem>
<para>Send a specified control string to the GPS;
<application>gpsctl</application> will provide packet headers and
trailers and checksum as appropriate for binary packet types, and
whatever checksum and trailer is required for text packet types.  (You
must include the leading $ for NMEA packets.) When sending to a UBX
device, the first two bytes of the string supplied will become the
message class and type, and the remainder the payload. When sending to
a Navcom NCT or Trimble TSIP device, the first byte is interpreted as
the command ID and the rest as payload. When sending to a Zodiac
device, the first two bytes are used as a message ID of type
little-endian short, and the remainder as payload in byte pairs
interpreted as little-endian short. For all other supported binary
GPSes (notably including SiRF) the string is taken as the entire
message payload and wrapped with appropriate header, trailer and
checksum bytes. C-style backslash escapes in the string, notably \xNN
for hex, will be interpreted; additionally, \e will be replaced with
ESC. This switch implies <option>-f</option>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-T</term>
<listitem>
<para>Change the sampling timeout. Defaults to 8 seconds, which should
always be sufficient to get an identifying packet from a device
emitting at the normal rate of 1 per second.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-R</term>
<listitem>
<para>Remove the GPSD shared-memory segment used for SHM export. This
option will normally only be of interest to GPSD developers.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-h</term>
<listitem>
<para>Display program usage and exit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-D</term>
<listitem>
<para>Set level of debug messages.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>-V</term>
<listitem>
<para>Display program version and exit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>The argument of the forcing option, <option>-t</option>, should be a
string which is contained in exactly one of the known driver
names; for a list, do <command>gpsctl -l</command>.</para>

<para>Forcing the device type behaves somewhat differently depending
on whether this tool is going through the daemon or not. In high-level
mode, if the device that daemon selects for you doesn't match the
driver you specified, <application>gpsctl</application> exits with
a warning.  (This may be useful in scripts.)</para>

<para>In low-level mode, if the device identifies as a Generic NMEA,
use the selected driver instead.  This will be useful if you have a
GPS device of known type that is in NMEA mode and not responding to
probes.  (This option was originally implemented for talking to
SiRFStar I chips, which don't respond to the normal SiRF ID
probe.)</para>

<para>If no options are given, the program will display a message
identifying the GPS type of the selected device and exit.</para>

<para>Reset (-r) operations must stand alone; others can be combined.
Multiple options will be executed in this order: mode changes (-b and
-n) first, speed changes (-s) second, and control-string sends (-c)
last.</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1 id='environment'><title>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</title>

<para>By setting the environment variable <envar>GPSD_SHM_KEY</envar>,
you can control the key value used to designate the shared-memory
segment removed with the -R option.  This will be useful mainly when
isolating test instances of <application>gpsd</application> from
production ones.</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1 id='examples'><title>EXAMPLES</title>

<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><command>gpsctl /dev/ttyUSB0</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Attempt to identify the device on USB serial device 0. Time out
after the default number of seconds. Adding the <option>-f</option> will
force low-level access and suppress the normal complaint when this
tool can't find a GPSD to work through.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>gpsctl -f -n -s 9600 /dev/ttyUSB0</term>
<listitem>
<para>Use low-level operations (not going through a gpsd instance) to
switch a GPS to NMEA mode at 9600bps.  The tool will identify the
GPS type itself.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1 id='bugs'><title>BUGS</title>

<para>SiRF GPSes can only be identified by the success of an attempt
to flip them into SiRF binary mode. Thus, the process of probing one of
these running in NMEA will change its behavior.</para>

<para>Baud rate and mode changes work in direct mode but are not
reliable in client mode.  This will be fixed in a future release.</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1 id='see_also'><title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpsd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpsdctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gps</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>libgps</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>libgpsd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpsprof</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpsfake</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>

<refsect1 id='maintainer'><title>AUTHOR</title>

<para>Eric S. Raymond <email>esr@thyrsus.com</email>.</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>