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+{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables, DatatypeContexts #-}
+
+module Main where
+
+{-
+ - This is a test framework for Arrays, using QuickCheck
+ -
+ -}
+
+import qualified Data.Array as Array
+import Data.List
+import Control.Monad ( liftM2, liftM3, liftM4 )
+import System.Random
+
+
+import Data.Ix
+import Data.List( (\\) )
+
+infixl 9 !, //
+infixr 0 ==>
+infix 1 `classify`
+
+prop_array =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ Array.array b vs
+ `same_arr`
+ array b vs
+prop_listArray =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (vector (length [fst b..snd b]))
+ $ \ (vs :: [Bool]) ->
+ Array.listArray b vs == Array.array b (zipWith (\ a b -> (a,b))
+ (Array.range b) vs)
+
+prop_indices =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ let arr = Array.array b vs
+ in Array.indices arr == ((Array.range . Array.bounds) arr)
+
+prop_elems =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ let arr = Array.array b vs
+ in Array.elems arr == [arr Array.! i | i <- Array.indices arr]
+
+prop_assocs =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ let arr = Array.array b vs
+ in Array.assocs arr == [(i, arr Array.! i) | i <- Array.indices arr]
+
+prop_slashslash =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ let arr = Array.array b vs
+ us = []
+ in arr Array.// us == Array.array (Array.bounds arr)
+ ([(i,arr Array.! i)
+ | i <- Array.indices arr \\ [i | (i,_) <- us]]
+ ++ us)
+prop_accum =
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (us :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ forAll (choose (0,length us))
+ $ \ n ->
+ let us' = take n us in
+ forAll arbitrary $ \ (fn :: Int -> Int -> Int) ->
+ let arr = Array.array b vs
+ in Array.accum fn arr us'
+ == foldl (\a (i,v) -> a Array.// [(i,fn (a Array.! i) v)]) arr us'
+
+prop_accumArray =
+ forAll arbitrary $ \ (f :: Int -> Int -> Int) ->
+ forAll arbitrary $ \ (z :: Int) ->
+ forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (vs :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ Array.accumArray f z b vs == Array.accum f
+ (Array.array b [(i,z) | i <- Array.range b]) vs
+
+
+same_arr :: (Eq b) => Array.Array Int b -> Array Int b -> Bool
+same_arr a1 a2 = a == c && b == d
+ && all (\ n -> (a1 Array.! n) == (a2 ! n)) [a..b]
+ where (a,b) = Array.bounds a1 :: (Int,Int)
+ (c,d) = bounds a2 :: (Int,Int)
+
+genBounds :: Gen (Int,Int)
+genBounds = do m <- choose (0,20)
+ n <- choose (minBound,maxBound-m)
+ return (n,n+m-1)
+
+genIVP :: Arbitrary a => (Int,Int) -> Gen (Int,a)
+genIVP b = do { i <- choose b
+ ; v <- arbitrary
+ ; return (i,v)
+ }
+
+genIVPs :: Arbitrary a => (Int,Int) -> Int -> Gen [(Int,a)]
+genIVPs b@(low,high) s
+ = do { let is = [low..high]
+ ; vs <- vector (length is)
+ ; shuffle s (zip is vs)
+ }
+
+prop_id = forAll genBounds $ \ (b :: (Int,Int)) ->
+ forAll (genIVPs b 10) $ \ (ivps :: [(Int,Int)]) ->
+ label (show (ivps :: [(Int,Int)])) True
+
+-- rift takes a list, split it (using an Int argument),
+-- and then rifts together the split lists into one.
+-- Think: rifting a pack of cards.
+rift :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
+rift n xs = comb (drop n xs) (take n xs)
+ where
+ comb (a:as) (b:bs) = a : b : comb as bs
+ comb (a:as) [] = a : as
+ comb [] (b:bs) = b : bs
+ comb [] [] = []
+
+
+-- suffle makes n random rifts. Typically after
+-- log n rifts, the list is in a pretty random order.
+-- (where n is the number of elements in the list)
+
+shuffle :: Int -> [a] -> Gen [a]
+shuffle 0 m = return m
+shuffle n m = do { r <- choose (1,length m)
+ ; shuffle (n-1) (rift r m)
+ }
+prop_shuffle =
+ forAll (shuffle 10 [1..10::Int]) $ \ lst ->
+ label (show lst) True
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+main = do test prop_array
+ test prop_listArray
+ test prop_indices
+ test prop_elems
+ test prop_assocs
+ test prop_slashslash
+ test prop_accum
+ test prop_accumArray
+
+
+instance Show (a -> b) where { show _ = "<FN>" }
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+data (Ix a) => Array a b = MkArray (a,a) (a -> b) deriving ()
+
+array :: (Ix a) => (a,a) -> [(a,b)] -> Array a b
+array b ivs =
+ if and [inRange b i | (i,_) <- ivs]
+ then MkArray b
+ (\j -> case [v | (i,v) <- ivs, i == j] of
+ [v] -> v
+ [] -> error "Array.!: \
+ \undefined array element"
+ _ -> error "Array.!: \
+ \multiply defined array element")
+ else error "Array.array: out-of-range array association"
+
+listArray :: (Ix a) => (a,a) -> [b] -> Array a b
+listArray b vs = array b (zipWith (\ a b -> (a,b)) (range b) vs)
+
+(!) :: (Ix a) => Array a b -> a -> b
+(!) (MkArray _ f) = f
+
+bounds :: (Ix a) => Array a b -> (a,a)
+bounds (MkArray b _) = b
+
+indices :: (Ix a) => Array a b -> [a]
+indices = range . bounds
+
+elems :: (Ix a) => Array a b -> [b]
+elems a = [a!i | i <- indices a]
+
+assocs :: (Ix a) => Array a b -> [(a,b)]
+assocs a = [(i, a!i) | i <- indices a]
+
+(//) :: (Ix a) => Array a b -> [(a,b)] -> Array a b
+a // us = array (bounds a)
+ ([(i,a!i) | i <- indices a \\ [i | (i,_) <- us]]
+ ++ us)
+
+accum :: (Ix a) => (b -> c -> b) -> Array a b -> [(a,c)]
+ -> Array a b
+accum f = foldl (\a (i,v) -> a // [(i,f (a!i) v)])
+
+accumArray :: (Ix a) => (b -> c -> b) -> b -> (a,a) -> [(a,c)]
+ -> Array a b
+accumArray f z b = accum f (array b [(i,z) | i <- range b])
+
+ixmap :: (Ix a, Ix b) => (a,a) -> (a -> b) -> Array b c
+ -> Array a c
+ixmap b f a = array b [(i, a ! f i) | i <- range b]
+
+instance (Ix a) => Functor (Array a) where
+ fmap fn (MkArray b f) = MkArray b (fn . f)
+
+instance (Ix a, Eq b) => Eq (Array a b) where
+ a == a' = assocs a == assocs a'
+
+instance (Ix a, Ord b) => Ord (Array a b) where
+ a <= a' = assocs a <= assocs a'
+
+instance (Ix a, Show a, Show b) => Show (Array a b) where
+ showsPrec p a = showParen (p > 9) (
+ showString "array " .
+ shows (bounds a) . showChar ' ' .
+ shows (assocs a) )
+
+instance (Ix a, Read a, Read b) => Read (Array a b) where
+ readsPrec p = readParen (p > 9)
+ (\r -> [(array b as, u) | ("array",s) <- lex r,
+ (b,t) <- reads s,
+ (as,u) <- reads t ])
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- QuickCheck v.0.2
+-- DRAFT implementation; last update 000104.
+-- Koen Claessen, John Hughes.
+-- This file represents work in progress, and might change at a later date.
+
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Generator
+
+newtype Gen a
+ = Gen (Int -> StdGen -> a)
+
+sized :: (Int -> Gen a) -> Gen a
+sized fgen = Gen (\n r -> let Gen m = fgen n in m n r)
+
+resize :: Int -> Gen a -> Gen a
+resize n (Gen m) = Gen (\_ r -> m n r)
+
+rand :: Gen StdGen
+rand = Gen (\n r -> r)
+
+promote :: (a -> Gen b) -> Gen (a -> b)
+promote f = Gen (\n r -> \a -> let Gen m = f a in m n r)
+
+variant :: Int -> Gen a -> Gen a
+variant v (Gen m) = Gen (\n r -> m n (rands r !! (v+1)))
+ where
+ rands r0 = r1 : rands r2 where (r1, r2) = split r0
+
+generate :: Int -> StdGen -> Gen a -> a
+generate n rnd (Gen m) = m size rnd'
+ where
+ (size, rnd') = randomR (0, n) rnd
+
+instance Functor Gen where
+ fmap f m = m >>= return . f
+
+instance Monad Gen where
+ return a = Gen (\n r -> a)
+ Gen m >>= k =
+ Gen (\n r0 -> let (r1,r2) = split r0
+ Gen m' = k (m n r1)
+ in m' n r2)
+
+-- derived
+
+--choose :: Random a => (a, a) -> Gen a
+choose bounds = ((fst . randomR bounds) `fmap` rand)
+
+elements :: [a] -> Gen a
+elements xs = (xs !!) `fmap` choose (0, length xs - 1)
+
+vector :: Arbitrary a => Int -> Gen [a]
+vector n = sequence [ arbitrary | i <- [1..n] ]
+
+oneof :: [Gen a] -> Gen a
+oneof gens = elements gens >>= id
+
+frequency :: [(Int, Gen a)] -> Gen a
+frequency xs = choose (1, tot) >>= (`pick` xs)
+ where
+ tot = sum (map fst xs)
+
+ pick n ((k,x):xs)
+ | n <= k = x
+ | otherwise = pick (n-k) xs
+
+-- general monadic
+
+two :: Monad m => m a -> m (a, a)
+two m = liftM2 (,) m m
+
+three :: Monad m => m a -> m (a, a, a)
+three m = liftM3 (,,) m m m
+
+four :: Monad m => m a -> m (a, a, a, a)
+four m = liftM4 (,,,) m m m m
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Arbitrary
+
+class Arbitrary a where
+ arbitrary :: Gen a
+ coarbitrary :: a -> Gen b -> Gen b
+
+instance Arbitrary () where
+ arbitrary = return ()
+ coarbitrary _ = variant 0
+
+instance Arbitrary Bool where
+ arbitrary = elements [True, False]
+ coarbitrary b = if b then variant 0 else variant 1
+
+instance Arbitrary Int where
+ arbitrary = sized $ \n -> choose (-n,n)
+ coarbitrary n = variant (if n >= 0 then 2*n else 2*(-n) + 1)
+
+instance Arbitrary Integer where
+ arbitrary = sized $ \n -> choose (-fromIntegral n,fromIntegral n)
+ coarbitrary n = variant (fromInteger (if n >= 0 then 2*n else 2*(-n) + 1))
+
+instance Arbitrary Float where
+ arbitrary = liftM3 fraction arbitrary arbitrary arbitrary
+ coarbitrary x = coarbitrary (decodeFloat x)
+
+instance Arbitrary Double where
+ arbitrary = liftM3 fraction arbitrary arbitrary arbitrary
+ coarbitrary x = coarbitrary (decodeFloat x)
+
+fraction a b c = fromInteger a + (fromInteger b / (abs (fromInteger c) + 1))
+
+instance (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (a, b) where
+ arbitrary = liftM2 (,) arbitrary arbitrary
+ coarbitrary (a, b) = coarbitrary a . coarbitrary b
+
+instance (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c) => Arbitrary (a, b, c) where
+ arbitrary = liftM3 (,,) arbitrary arbitrary arbitrary
+ coarbitrary (a, b, c) = coarbitrary a . coarbitrary b . coarbitrary c
+
+instance (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d)
+ => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d)
+ where
+ arbitrary = liftM4 (,,,) arbitrary arbitrary arbitrary arbitrary
+ coarbitrary (a, b, c, d) =
+ coarbitrary a . coarbitrary b . coarbitrary c . coarbitrary d
+
+instance Arbitrary a => Arbitrary [a] where
+ arbitrary = sized (\n -> choose (0,n) >>= vector)
+ coarbitrary [] = variant 0
+ coarbitrary (a:as) = coarbitrary a . variant 1 . coarbitrary as
+
+instance (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (a -> b) where
+ arbitrary = promote (`coarbitrary` arbitrary)
+ coarbitrary f gen = arbitrary >>= ((`coarbitrary` gen) . f)
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Testable
+
+data Result
+ = Result { ok :: Maybe Bool, stamp :: [String], arguments :: [String] }
+
+nothing :: Result
+nothing = Result{ ok = Nothing, stamp = [], arguments = [] }
+
+newtype Property
+ = Prop (Gen Result)
+
+result :: Result -> Property
+result res = Prop (return res)
+
+evaluate :: Testable a => a -> Gen Result
+evaluate a = gen where Prop gen = property a
+
+class Testable a where
+ property :: a -> Property
+
+instance Testable () where
+ property _ = result nothing
+
+instance Testable Bool where
+ property b = result (nothing{ ok = Just b })
+
+instance Testable Result where
+ property res = result res
+
+instance Testable Property where
+ property prop = prop
+
+instance (Arbitrary a, Show a, Testable b) => Testable (a -> b) where
+ property f = forAll arbitrary f
+
+forAll :: (Show a, Testable b) => Gen a -> (a -> b) -> Property
+forAll gen body = Prop $
+ do a <- gen
+ res <- evaluate (body a)
+ return (argument a res)
+ where
+ argument a res = res{ arguments = show a : arguments res }
+
+(==>) :: Testable a => Bool -> a -> Property
+True ==> a = property a
+False ==> a = property ()
+
+label :: Testable a => String -> a -> Property
+label s a = Prop (add `fmap` evaluate a)
+ where
+ add res = res{ stamp = s : stamp res }
+
+classify :: Testable a => Bool -> String -> a -> Property
+classify True name = label name
+classify False _ = property
+
+trivial :: Testable a => Bool -> a -> Property
+trivial = (`classify` "trivial")
+
+collect :: (Show a, Testable b) => a -> b -> Property
+collect v = label (show v)
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Testing
+
+data Config = Config
+ { configMaxTest :: Int
+ , configMaxFail :: Int
+ , configSize :: Int -> Int
+ , configEvery :: Int -> [String] -> String
+ }
+
+quick :: Config
+quick = Config
+ { configMaxTest = 100
+ , configMaxFail = 1000
+ , configSize = (+ 3) . (`div` 2)
+ , configEvery = \n args -> let s = show n in s ++ ","
+ }
+
+verbose :: Config
+verbose = quick
+ { configEvery = \n args -> show n ++ ":\n" ++ unlines args
+ }
+
+test, quickCheck, verboseCheck :: Testable a => a -> IO ()
+test = check quick
+quickCheck = check quick
+verboseCheck = check verbose
+
+check :: Testable a => Config -> a -> IO ()
+check config a =
+ do rnd <- newStdGen
+ tests config (evaluate a) rnd 0 0 []
+
+tests :: Config -> Gen Result -> StdGen -> Int -> Int -> [[String]] -> IO ()
+tests config gen rnd0 ntest nfail stamps
+ | ntest == configMaxTest config = do done "OK, passed" ntest stamps
+ | nfail == configMaxFail config = do done "Arguments exhausted after" ntest stamps
+ | otherwise =
+ do putStr (configEvery config ntest (arguments result))
+ case ok result of
+ Nothing ->
+ tests config gen rnd1 ntest (nfail+1) stamps
+ Just True ->
+ tests config gen rnd1 (ntest+1) nfail (stamp result:stamps)
+ Just False ->
+ putStr ( "Falsifiable, after "
+ ++ show ntest
+ ++ " tests:\n"
+ ++ unlines (arguments result)
+ )
+ where
+ result = generate (configSize config ntest) rnd2 gen
+ (rnd1,rnd2) = split rnd0
+
+done :: String -> Int -> [[String]] -> IO ()
+done mesg ntest stamps =
+ do putStr ( mesg ++ " " ++ show ntest ++ " tests" ++ table )
+ where
+ table = display
+ . map entry
+ . reverse
+ . sort
+ . map pairLength
+ . group
+ . sort
+ . filter (not . null)
+ $ stamps
+
+ display [] = ".\n"
+ display [x] = " (" ++ x ++ ").\n"
+ display xs = ".\n" ++ unlines (map (++ ".") xs)
+
+ pairLength xss@(xs:_) = (length xss, xs)
+ entry (n, xs) = percentage n ntest
+ ++ " "
+ ++ concat (intersperse ", " xs)
+
+ percentage n m = show ((100 * n) `div` m) ++ "%"
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- the end.
+
+{-
+instance Observable StdGen where { observer = observeBase }
+
+instance Observable a => Observable (Gen a) where
+ observer (Gen a) = send "Gen" (return (Gen) << a)
+
+-} \ No newline at end of file