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See documentation for details.
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This is the RTS part of a patch to base's topHandler to handle exiting
by a signal.
The intended behaviour is that on Unix, throwing ExitFailure (-sig)
results in the process terminating with that signal. Previously
shutdownHaskellAndSignal was only used for exiting with SIGINT due to
the UserInterrupt exception.
Improve shutdownHaskellAndSignal to do the signal part more carefully.
In particular, it (should) now reliably terminates the process one way
or another. Previusly if the signal was blocked, ignored or handled then
shutdownHaskellAndSignal would actually return!
Also, the topHandler code has two paths a careful shutdown and a "fast
exit" where it does not give finalisers a chance to run. We want to
support that mode also when we want to exit by signal. So rather than
the base code directly calling stg_exit as it did before, we have a
fastExit bool paramater for both shutdownHaskellAnd{Exit,Signal}.
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Signed-off-by: Edward Z. Yang <ezyang@mit.edu>
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We may need to do this differently once we get as far as building the
RTS in the dyn ways.
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Consider this experimental for the time being. There are a lot of
things that could go wrong, but I've verified that at least it works
on the test cases we have.
I also did some API cleanups while I was here. Previously we had:
Capability * rts_eval (Capability *cap, HaskellObj p, /*out*/HaskellObj *ret);
but this API is particularly error-prone: if you forget to discard the
Capability * you passed in and use the return value instead, then
you're in for subtle bugs with +RTS -N later on. So I changed all
these functions to this form:
void rts_eval (/* inout */ Capability **cap,
/* in */ HaskellObj p,
/* out */ HaskellObj *ret)
It's much harder to use this version incorrectly, because you have to
pass the Capability in by reference.
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This means that both time and heap profiling work for parallel
programs. Main internal changes:
- CCCS is no longer a global variable; it is now another
pseudo-register in the StgRegTable struct. Thus every
Capability has its own CCCS.
- There is a new built-in CCS called "IDLE", which records ticks for
Capabilities in the idle state. If you profile a single-threaded
program with +RTS -N2, you'll see about 50% of time in "IDLE".
- There is appropriate locking in rts/Profiling.c to protect the
shared cost-centre-stack data structures.
This patch does enough to get it working, I have cut one big corner:
the cost-centre-stack data structure is still shared amongst all
Capabilities, which means that multiple Capabilities will race when
updating the "allocations" and "entries" fields of a CCS. Not only
does this give unpredictable results, but it runs very slowly due to
cache line bouncing.
It is strongly recommended that you use -fno-prof-count-entries to
disable the "entries" count when profiling parallel programs. (I shall
add a note to this effect to the docs).
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Rather than have main() be statically compiled as part of the RTS, we
now generate it into the tiny C file that we compile when linking a
binary.
The main motivation is that we want to pass the settings for the
-rtsotps and -with-rtsopts flags into the RTS, rather than relying on
fragile linking semantics to override the defaults, which don't work
with DLLs on Windows (#5373). In order to do this, we need to extend
the API for initialising the RTS, so now we have:
void hs_init_ghc (int *argc, char **argv[], // program arguments
RtsConfig rts_config); // RTS configuration
hs_init_ghc() can optionally be used instead of hs_init(), and allows
passing in configuration options for the RTS. RtsConfig is a struct,
which currently has two fields:
typedef struct {
RtsOptsEnabledEnum rts_opts_enabled;
const char *rts_opts;
} RtsConfig;
but might have more in the future. There is a default value for the
struct, defaultRtsConfig, the idea being that you start with this and
override individual fields as necessary.
In fact, main() was in a separate static library, libHSrtsmain.a.
That's now gone.
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(#5402)
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I've updated the wiki page about the RTS headers
http://hackage.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Commentary/SourceTree/Includes
to reflect the new layout and explain some of the rationale. All the
header files now point to this page.
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The first phase of this tidyup is focussed on the header files, and in
particular making sure we are exposinng publicly exactly what we need
to, and no more.
- Rts.h now includes everything that the RTS exposes publicly,
rather than a random subset of it.
- Most of the public header files have moved into subdirectories, and
many of them have been renamed. But clients should not need to
include any of the other headers directly, just #include the main
public headers: Rts.h, HsFFI.h, RtsAPI.h.
- All the headers needed for via-C compilation have moved into the
stg subdirectory, which is self-contained. Most of the headers for
the rest of the RTS APIs have moved into the rts subdirectory.
- I left MachDeps.h where it is, because it is so widely used in
Haskell code.
- I left a deprecated stub for RtsFlags.h in place. The flag
structures are now exposed by Rts.h.
- Various internal APIs are no longer exposed by public header files.
- Various bits of dead code and declarations have been removed
- More gcc warnings are turned on, and the RTS code is more
warning-clean.
- More source files #include "PosixSource.h", and hence only use
standard POSIX (1003.1c-1995) interfaces.
There is a lot more tidying up still to do, this is just the first
pass. I also intend to standardise the names for external RTS APIs
(e.g use the rts_ prefix consistently), and declare the internal APIs
as hidden for shared libraries.
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We need this, or something equivalent, to be able to implement
stgAllocForGMP outside of the rts. That's because we want to use
allocateLocal which allocates from the given capability without
having to take any locks. In the gmp primops we're basically in
an unsafe foreign call, that is a context where we hold a current
capability. So it's safe for us to use allocateLocal. We just
need a way to get the current capability. The method to get the
current capability varies depends on whether we're using the
threaded rts or not. When stgAllocForGMP is built inside the rts
that's ok because we can do it conditionally on THREADED_RTS.
Outside the rts we need a single api we can call without knowing
if we're talking to a threaded rts or not, hence this addition.
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Really we should be raising an exception in this case, but that's
tricky (see comments). At least now we shut down the runtime
correctly rather than just exiting.
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2301: Control-C now causes the new exception (AsyncException
UserInterrupt) to be raised in the main thread. The signal handler
is set up by GHC.TopHandler.runMainIO, and can be overriden in the
usual way by installing a new signal handler. The advantage is that
now all programs will get a chance to clean up on ^C.
When UserInterrupt is caught by the topmost handler, we now exit the
program via kill(getpid(),SIGINT), which tells the parent process that
we exited as a result of ^C, so the parent can take appropriate action
(it might want to exit too, for example).
One subtlety is that we have to use a weak reference to the ThreadId
for the main thread, so that the signal handler doesn't prevent the
main thread from being subject to deadlock detection.
1619: we now ignore SIGPIPE by default. Although POSIX says that a
SIGPIPE should terminate the process by default, I wonder if this
decision was made because many C applications failed to check the exit
code from write(). In Haskell a failed write due to a closed pipe
will generate an exception anyway, so the main difference is that we
now get a useful error message instead of silent program termination.
See #1619 for more discussion.
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See #753
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Most of the other users of the fptools build system have migrated to
Cabal, and with the move to darcs we can now flatten the source tree
without losing history, so here goes.
The main change is that the ghc/ subdir is gone, and most of what it
contained is now at the top level. The build system now makes no
pretense at being multi-project, it is just the GHC build system.
No doubt this will break many things, and there will be a period of
instability while we fix the dependencies. A straightforward build
should work, but I haven't yet fixed binary/source distributions.
Changes to the Building Guide will follow, too.
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