| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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This means that both time and heap profiling work for parallel
programs. Main internal changes:
- CCCS is no longer a global variable; it is now another
pseudo-register in the StgRegTable struct. Thus every
Capability has its own CCCS.
- There is a new built-in CCS called "IDLE", which records ticks for
Capabilities in the idle state. If you profile a single-threaded
program with +RTS -N2, you'll see about 50% of time in "IDLE".
- There is appropriate locking in rts/Profiling.c to protect the
shared cost-centre-stack data structures.
This patch does enough to get it working, I have cut one big corner:
the cost-centre-stack data structure is still shared amongst all
Capabilities, which means that multiple Capabilities will race when
updating the "allocations" and "entries" fields of a CCS. Not only
does this give unpredictable results, but it runs very slowly due to
cache line bouncing.
It is strongly recommended that you use -fno-prof-count-entries to
disable the "entries" count when profiling parallel programs. (I shall
add a note to this effect to the docs).
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User visible changes
====================
Profilng
--------
Flags renamed (the old ones are still accepted for now):
OLD NEW
--------- ------------
-auto-all -fprof-auto
-auto -fprof-exported
-caf-all -fprof-cafs
New flags:
-fprof-auto Annotates all bindings (not just top-level
ones) with SCCs
-fprof-top Annotates just top-level bindings with SCCs
-fprof-exported Annotates just exported bindings with SCCs
-fprof-no-count-entries Do not maintain entry counts when profiling
(can make profiled code go faster; useful with
heap profiling where entry counts are not used)
Cost-centre stacks have a new semantics, which should in most cases
result in more useful and intuitive profiles. If you find this not to
be the case, please let me know. This is the area where I have been
experimenting most, and the current solution is probably not the
final version, however it does address all the outstanding bugs and
seems to be better than GHC 7.2.
Stack traces
------------
+RTS -xc now gives more information. If the exception originates from
a CAF (as is common, because GHC tends to lift exceptions out to the
top-level), then the RTS walks up the stack and reports the stack in
the enclosing update frame(s).
Result: +RTS -xc is much more useful now - but you still have to
compile for profiling to get it. I've played around a little with
adding 'head []' to GHC itself, and +RTS -xc does pinpoint the problem
quite accurately.
I plan to add more facilities for stack tracing (e.g. in GHCi) in the
future.
Coverage (HPC)
--------------
* derived instances are now coloured yellow if they weren't used
* likewise record field names
* entry counts are more accurate (hpc --fun-entry-count)
* tab width is now correct (markup was previously off in source with
tabs)
Internal changes
================
In Core, the Note constructor has been replaced by
Tick (Tickish b) (Expr b)
which is used to represent all the kinds of source annotation we
support: profiling SCCs, HPC ticks, and GHCi breakpoints.
Depending on the properties of the Tickish, different transformations
apply to Tick. See CoreUtils.mkTick for details.
Tickets
=======
This commit closes the following tickets, test cases to follow:
- Close #2552: not a bug, but the behaviour is now more intuitive
(test is T2552)
- Close #680 (test is T680)
- Close #1531 (test is result001)
- Close #949 (test is T949)
- Close #2466: test case has bitrotted (doesn't compile against current
version of vector-space package)
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maskUninterruptible state instead of ordinary mask, due to a
misinterpretation of the way the TSO_INTERRUPTIBLE flag works.
Remarkably this must have been broken for quite some time. Indeed we
even had a test that demonstrated the wrong behaviour (conc015a) but
presumably I didn't look hard enough at the output to notice that it
was wrong.
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This patch makes two changes to the way stacks are managed:
1. The stack is now stored in a separate object from the TSO.
This means that it is easier to replace the stack object for a thread
when the stack overflows or underflows; we don't have to leave behind
the old TSO as an indirection any more. Consequently, we can remove
ThreadRelocated and deRefTSO(), which were a pain.
This is obviously the right thing, but the last time I tried to do it
it made performance worse. This time I seem to have cracked it.
2. Stacks are now represented as a chain of chunks, rather than
a single monolithic object.
The big advantage here is that individual chunks are marked clean or
dirty according to whether they contain pointers to the young
generation, and the GC can avoid traversing clean stack chunks during
a young-generation collection. This means that programs with deep
stacks will see a big saving in GC overhead when using the default GC
settings.
A secondary advantage is that there is much less copying involved as
the stack grows. Programs that quickly grow a deep stack will see big
improvements.
In some ways the implementation is simpler, as nothing special needs
to be done to reclaim stack as the stack shrinks (the GC just recovers
the dead stack chunks). On the other hand, we have to manage stack
underflow between chunks, so there's a new stack frame
(UNDERFLOW_FRAME), and we now have separate TSO and STACK objects.
The total amount of code is probably about the same as before.
There are new RTS flags:
-ki<size> Sets the initial thread stack size (default 1k) Egs: -ki4k -ki2m
-kc<size> Sets the stack chunk size (default 32k)
-kb<size> Sets the stack chunk buffer size (default 1k)
-ki was previously called just -k, and the old name is still accepted
for backwards compatibility. These new options are documented.
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As discussed on the libraries/haskell-cafe mailing lists
http://www.haskell.org/pipermail/libraries/2010-April/013420.html
This is a replacement for block/unblock in the asychronous exceptions
API to fix a problem whereby a function could unblock asynchronous
exceptions even if called within a blocked context.
The new terminology is "mask" rather than "block" (to avoid confusion
due to overloaded meanings of the latter).
In GHC, we changed the names of some primops:
blockAsyncExceptions# -> maskAsyncExceptions#
unblockAsyncExceptions# -> unmaskAsyncExceptions#
asyncExceptionsBlocked# -> getMaskingState#
and added one new primop:
maskUninterruptible#
See the accompanying patch to libraries/base for the API changes.
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This replaces some complicated locking schemes with message-passing
in the implementation of throwTo. The benefits are
- previously it was impossible to guarantee that a throwTo from
a thread running on one CPU to a thread running on another CPU
would be noticed, and we had to rely on the GC to pick up these
forgotten exceptions. This no longer happens.
- the locking regime is simpler (though the code is about the same
size)
- threads can be unblocked from a blocked_exceptions queue without
having to traverse the whole queue now. It's a rare case, but
replaces an O(n) operation with an O(1).
- generally we move in the direction of sharing less between
Capabilities (aka HECs), which will become important with other
changes we have planned.
Also in this patch I replaced several STM-specific closure types with
a generic MUT_PRIM closure type, which allowed a lot of code in the GC
and other places to go away, hence the line-count reduction. The
message-passing changes resulted in about a net zero line-count
difference.
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While fixing #3578 I noticed that this function was just a field
access to StgTRecHeader, so I inlined it manually.
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There were two bugs, and had it not been for the first one we would
not have noticed the second one, so this is quite fortunate.
The first bug is in stg_unblockAsyncExceptionszh_ret, when we found a
pending exception to raise, but don't end up raising it, there was a
missing adjustment to the stack pointer.
The second bug was that this case was actually happening at all: it
ought to be incredibly rare, because the pending exception thread
would have to be killed between us finding it and attempting to raise
the exception. This made me suspicious. It turned out that there was
a race condition on the tso->flags field; multiple threads were
updating this bitmask field non-atomically (one of the bits is the
dirty-bit for the generational GC). The fix is to move the dirty bit
into its own field of the TSO, making the TSO one word larger (sadly).
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For consistency with other RTS exported symbols
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amazing this hasn't caused any problems before now
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unsafePerformIO
See comments for details
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It using the mp_tmp_w register/global as a convenient temporary
variable. This is naughty because those vars are supposed to be
for gmp. Also, we want to remove the gmp temp vars so we must
now use a local stack slot instead.
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This merge does not turn on the new codegen (which only compiles
a select few programs at this point),
but it does introduce some changes to the old code generator.
The high bits:
1. The Rep Swamp patch is finally here.
The highlight is that the representation of types at the
machine level has changed.
Consequently, this patch contains updates across several back ends.
2. The new Stg -> Cmm path is here, although it appears to have a
fair number of bugs lurking.
3. Many improvements along the CmmCPSZ path, including:
o stack layout
o some code for infotables, half of which is right and half wrong
o proc-point splitting
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When returning an unboxed tuple with a single non-void component, we
now use the same calling convention as for returning a value of the
same type as that component. This means that the return convention
for IO now doesn't vary depending on the platform, which make some
parts of the RTS simpler, and fixes a problem I was having with making
the FFI work in unregisterised GHCi (the byte-code compiler makes
some assumptions about calling conventions to keep things simple).
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This fixes a segfault in #1657
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This has several advantages:
- -fvia-C is consistent with -fasm with respect to FFI declarations:
both bind to the ABI, not the API.
- foreign calls can now be inlined freely across module boundaries, since
a header file is not required when compiling the call.
- bootstrapping via C will be more reliable, because this difference
in behavour between the two backends has been removed.
There is one disadvantage:
- we get no checking by the C compiler that the FFI declaration
is correct.
So now, the c-includes field in a .cabal file is always ignored by
GHC, as are header files specified in an FFI declaration. This was
previously the case only for -fasm compilations, now it is also the
case for -fvia-C too.
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Integer, Bool and Unit/Inl/Inr are now in new packages integer
and ghc-prim.
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sets __PIC__ automatically
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This means that thunks under evaluation will have been updated with
the exception when we come to inspect them in GHCi. Blackholes are
much less friendly.
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When -fbreak-on-exception is set, an exception will cause GHCi to
suspend the current computation and return to the prompt, where the
history of the current evaluation can be inspected (if we are in
:trace). This isn't on by default, because the behaviour could be
confusing: for example, ^C will cause a breakpoint. It can be very
useful for finding the cause of a "head []" or a "fromJust Nothing",
though.
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We changed the convention a while ago so that BaseReg is returned to
the scheduler in R1, because BaseReg may change during the run of a
thread, e.g. during a foreign call. A few places got missed,
mostly for very rare events.
Should fix concprog001, although I'm not able to reliably reproduce
the failure.
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fixes unreg way in HEAD
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We recently discovered that they aren't a win any more, and just cost
code size.
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This fixes #1047
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- Added HPCRIX support for passing tracer filename.
- Added thread tracing support.
- Cleaned up use of HsFFI.h
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This patch makes throwTo work with -threaded, and also refactors large
parts of the concurrency support in the RTS to clean things up. We
have some new files:
RaiseAsync.{c,h} asynchronous exception support
Threads.{c,h} general threading-related utils
Some of the contents of these new files used to be in Schedule.c,
which is smaller and cleaner as a result of the split.
Asynchronous exception support in the presence of multiple running
Haskell threads is rather tricky. In fact, to my annoyance there are
still one or two bugs to track down, but the majority of the tests run
now.
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Most of the other users of the fptools build system have migrated to
Cabal, and with the move to darcs we can now flatten the source tree
without losing history, so here goes.
The main change is that the ghc/ subdir is gone, and most of what it
contained is now at the top level. The build system now makes no
pretense at being multi-project, it is just the GHC build system.
No doubt this will break many things, and there will be a period of
instability while we fix the dependencies. A straightforward build
should work, but I haven't yet fixed binary/source distributions.
Changes to the Building Guide will follow, too.
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