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My original goal was (Trac #15809) to move towards using level numbers
as the basis for deciding which type variables to generalise, rather
than searching for the free varaibles of the environment. However
it has turned into a truly major refactoring of the kind inference
engine.
Let's deal with the level-numbers part first:
* Augment quantifyTyVars to calculate the type variables to
quantify using level numbers, and compare the result with
the existing approach. That is; no change in behaviour,
just a WARNing if the two approaches give different answers.
* To do this I had to get the level number right when calling
quantifyTyVars, and this entailed a bit of care, especially
in the code for kind-checking type declarations.
* However, on the way I was able to eliminate or simplify
a number of calls to solveEqualities.
This work is incomplete: I'm not /using/ level numbers yet.
When I subsequently get rid of any remaining WARNings in
quantifyTyVars, that the level-number answers differ from
the current answers, then I can rip out the current
"free vars of the environment" stuff.
Anyway, this led me into deep dive into kind inference for type and
class declarations, which is an increasingly soggy part of GHC.
Richard already did some good work recently in
commit 5e45ad10ffca1ad175b10f6ef3327e1ed8ba25f3
Date: Thu Sep 13 09:56:02 2018 +0200
Finish fix for #14880.
The real change that fixes the ticket is described in
Note [Naughty quantification candidates] in TcMType.
but I kept turning over stones. So this patch has ended up
with a pretty significant refactoring of that code too.
Kind inference for types and classes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
* Major refactoring in the way we generalise the inferred kind of
a TyCon, in kcTyClGroup. Indeed, I made it into a new top-level
function, generaliseTcTyCon. Plus a new Note to explain it
Note [Inferring kinds for type declarations].
* We decided (Trac #15592) not to treat class type variables specially
when dealing with Inferred/Specified/Required for associated types.
That simplifies things quite a bit. I also rewrote
Note [Required, Specified, and Inferred for types]
* Major refactoring of the crucial function kcLHsQTyVars:
I split it into
kcLHsQTyVars_Cusk and kcLHsQTyVars_NonCusk
because the two are really quite different. The CUSK case is
almost entirely rewritten, and is much easier because of our new
decision not to treat the class variables specially
* I moved all the error checks from tcTyClTyVars (which was a bizarre
place for it) into generaliseTcTyCon and/or the CUSK case of
kcLHsQTyVars. Now tcTyClTyVars is extremely simple.
* I got rid of all the all the subtleties in tcImplicitTKBndrs. Indeed
now there is no difference between tcImplicitTKBndrs and
kcImplicitTKBndrs; there is now a single bindImplicitTKBndrs.
Same for kc/tcExplicitTKBndrs. None of them monkey with level
numbers, nor build implication constraints. scopeTyVars is gone
entirely, as is kcLHsQTyVarBndrs. It's vastly simpler.
I found I could get rid of kcLHsQTyVarBndrs entirely, in favour of
the bnew bindExplicitTKBndrs.
Quantification
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
* I now deal with the "naughty quantification candidates"
of the previous patch in candidateQTyVars, rather than in
quantifyTyVars; see Note [Naughty quantification candidates]
in TcMType.
I also killed off closeOverKindsCQTvs in favour of the same
strategy that we use for tyCoVarsOfType: namely, close over kinds
at the occurrences.
And candidateQTyVars no longer needs a gbl_tvs argument.
* Passing the ContextKind, rather than the expected kind itself,
to tc_hs_sig_type_and_gen makes it easy to allocate the expected
result kind (when we are in inference mode) at the right level.
Type families
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
* I did a major rewrite of the impenetrable tcFamTyPats. The result
is vastly more comprehensible.
* I got rid of kcDataDefn entirely, quite a big function.
* I re-did the way that checkConsistentFamInst works, so
that it allows alpha-renaming of invisible arguments.
* The interaction of kind signatures and family instances is tricky.
Type families: see Note [Apparently-nullary families]
Data families: see Note [Result kind signature for a data family instance]
and Note [Eta-reduction for data families]
* The consistent instantation of an associated type family is tricky.
See Note [Checking consistent instantiation] and
Note [Matching in the consistent-instantation check]
in TcTyClsDecls. It's now checked in TcTyClsDecls because that is
when we have the relevant info to hand.
* I got tired of the compromises in etaExpandFamInst, so I did the
job properly by adding a field cab_eta_tvs to CoAxBranch.
See Coercion.etaExpandCoAxBranch.
tcInferApps and friends
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
* I got rid of the mysterious and horrible ClsInstInfo argument
to tcInferApps, checkExpectedKindX, and various checkValid
functions. It was horrible!
* I got rid of [Type] result of tcInferApps. This list was used
only in tcFamTyPats, when checking the LHS of a type instance;
and if there is a cast in the middle, the list is meaningless.
So I made tcInferApps simpler, and moved the complexity
(not much) to tcInferApps.
Result: tcInferApps is now pretty comprehensible again.
* I refactored the many function in TcMType that instantiate skolems.
Smaller things
* I rejigged the error message in checkValidTelescope; I think it's
quite a bit better now.
* checkValidType was not rejecting constraints in a kind signature
forall (a :: Eq b => blah). blah2
That led to further errors when we then do an ambiguity check.
So I make checkValidType reject it more aggressively.
* I killed off quantifyConDecl, instead calling kindGeneralize
directly.
* I fixed an outright bug in tyCoVarsOfImplic, where we were not
colleting the tyvar of the kind of the skolems
* Renamed ClsInstInfo to AssocInstInfo, and made it into its
own data type
* Some fiddling around with pretty-printing of family
instances which was trickier than I thought. I wanted
wildcards to print as plain "_" in user messages, although
they each need a unique identity in the CoAxBranch.
Some other oddments
* Refactoring around the trace messages from reportUnsolved.
* A bit of extra tc-tracing in TcHsSyn.commitFlexi
This patch fixes a raft of bugs, and includes tests for them.
* #14887
* #15740
* #15764
* #15789
* #15804
* #15817
* #15870
* #15874
* #15881
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Summary:
GHC doesn't know how to handle type families that appear in
class instances. Unfortunately, GHC didn't reject instances where
type families appear in //kinds//, leading to #15515. This is easily
rectified by calling `checkValidTypePat` on all arguments to a class
in an instance (and not just the type arguments).
Test Plan: make test TEST=T15515
Reviewers: bgamari, goldfire, simonpj
Reviewed By: simonpj
Subscribers: simonpj, rwbarton, carter
GHC Trac Issues: #15515
Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D5068
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This matches GCC's choice of Unicode quotation marks (i.e. U+2018 and U+2019)
and therefore looks more familiar on the console. This addresses #2507.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Valerio Riedel <hvr@gnu.org>
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An ordered, overlapping type family instance is introduced by 'type
instance
where', followed by equations. See the new section in the user manual
(7.7.2.2) for details. The canonical example is Boolean equality at the
type
level:
type family Equals (a :: k) (b :: k) :: Bool
type instance where
Equals a a = True
Equals a b = False
A branched family instance, such as this one, checks its equations in
order
and applies only the first the matches. As explained in the note
[Instance
checking within groups] in FamInstEnv.lhs, we must be careful not to
simplify,
say, (Equals Int b) to False, because b might later unify with Int.
This commit includes all of the commits on the overlapping-tyfams
branch. SPJ
requested that I combine all my commits over the past several months
into one
monolithic commit. The following GHC repos are affected: ghc, testsuite,
utils/haddock, libraries/template-haskell, and libraries/dph.
Here are some details for the interested:
- The definition of CoAxiom has been moved from TyCon.lhs to a
new file CoAxiom.lhs. I made this decision because of the
number of definitions necessary to support BranchList.
- BranchList is a GADT whose type tracks whether it is a
singleton list or not-necessarily-a-singleton-list. The reason
I introduced this type is to increase static checking of places
where GHC code assumes that a FamInst or CoAxiom is indeed a
singleton. This assumption takes place roughly 10 times
throughout the code. I was worried that a future change to GHC
would invalidate the assumption, and GHC might subtly fail to
do the right thing. By explicitly labeling CoAxioms and
FamInsts as being Unbranched (singleton) or
Branched (not-necessarily-singleton), we make this assumption
explicit and checkable. Furthermore, to enforce the accuracy of
this label, the list of branches of a CoAxiom or FamInst is
stored using a BranchList, whose constructors constrain its
type index appropriately.
I think that the decision to use BranchList is probably the most
controversial decision I made from a code design point of view.
Although I provide conversions to/from ordinary lists, it is more
efficient to use the brList... functions provided in CoAxiom than
always to convert. The use of these functions does not wander far
from the core CoAxiom/FamInst logic.
BranchLists are motivated and explained in the note [Branched axioms] in
CoAxiom.lhs.
- The CoAxiom type has changed significantly. You can see the new
type in CoAxiom.lhs. It uses a CoAxBranch type to track
branches of the CoAxiom. Correspondingly various functions
producing and consuming CoAxioms had to change, including the
binary layout of interface files.
- To get branched axioms to work correctly, it is important to have a
notion
of type "apartness": two types are apart if they cannot unify, and no
substitution of variables can ever get them to unify, even after type
family
simplification. (This is different than the normal failure to unify
because
of the type family bit.) This notion in encoded in tcApartTys, in
Unify.lhs.
Because apartness is finer-grained than unification, the tcUnifyTys
now
calls tcApartTys.
- CoreLinting axioms has been updated, both to reflect the new
form of CoAxiom and to enforce the apartness rules of branch
application. The formalization of the new rules is in
docs/core-spec/core-spec.pdf.
- The FamInst type (in types/FamInstEnv.lhs) has changed
significantly, paralleling the changes to CoAxiom. Of course,
this forced minor changes in many files.
- There are several new Notes in FamInstEnv.lhs, including one
discussing confluent overlap and why we're not doing it.
- lookupFamInstEnv, lookupFamInstEnvConflicts, and
lookup_fam_inst_env' (the function that actually does the work)
have all been more-or-less completely rewritten. There is a
Note [lookup_fam_inst_env' implementation] describing the
implementation. One of the changes that affects other files is
to change the type of matches from a pair of (FamInst, [Type])
to a new datatype (which now includes the index of the matching
branch). This seemed a better design.
- The TySynInstD constructor in Template Haskell was updated to
use the new datatype TySynEqn. I also bumped the TH version
number, requiring changes to DPH cabal files. (That's why the
DPH repo has an overlapping-tyfams branch.)
- As SPJ requested, I refactored some of the code in HsDecls:
* splitting up TyDecl into SynDecl and DataDecl, correspondingly
changing HsTyDefn to HsDataDefn (with only one constructor)
* splitting FamInstD into TyFamInstD and DataFamInstD and
splitting FamInstDecl into DataFamInstDecl and TyFamInstDecl
* making the ClsInstD take a ClsInstDecl, for parallelism with
InstDecl's other constructors
* changing constructor TyFamily into FamDecl
* creating a FamilyDecl type that stores the details for a family
declaration; this is useful because FamilyDecls can appear in classes
but
other decls cannot
* restricting the associated types and associated type defaults for a
* class
to be the new, more restrictive types
* splitting cid_fam_insts into cid_tyfam_insts and cid_datafam_insts,
according to the new types
* perhaps one or two more that I'm overlooking
None of these changes has far-reaching implications.
- The user manual, section 7.7.2.2, is updated to describe the new type
family
instances.
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