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This re-working of the typechecker algorithm is based on
the paper "Visible type application", by Richard Eisenberg,
Stephanie Weirich, and Hamidhasan Ahmed, to be published at
ESOP'16.
This patch introduces -XTypeApplications, which allows users
to say, for example `id @Int`, which has type `Int -> Int`. See
the changes to the user manual for details.
This patch addresses tickets #10619, #5296, #10589.
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This implements the ideas originally put forward in
"System FC with Explicit Kind Equality" (ICFP'13).
There are several noteworthy changes with this patch:
* We now have casts in types. These change the kind
of a type. See new constructor `CastTy`.
* All types and all constructors can be promoted.
This includes GADT constructors. GADT pattern matches
take place in type family equations. In Core,
types can now be applied to coercions via the
`CoercionTy` constructor.
* Coercions can now be heterogeneous, relating types
of different kinds. A coercion proving `t1 :: k1 ~ t2 :: k2`
proves both that `t1` and `t2` are the same and also that
`k1` and `k2` are the same.
* The `Coercion` type has been significantly enhanced.
The documentation in `docs/core-spec/core-spec.pdf` reflects
the new reality.
* The type of `*` is now `*`. No more `BOX`.
* Users can write explicit kind variables in their code,
anywhere they can write type variables. For backward compatibility,
automatic inference of kind-variable binding is still permitted.
* The new extension `TypeInType` turns on the new user-facing
features.
* Type families and synonyms are now promoted to kinds. This causes
trouble with parsing `*`, leading to the somewhat awkward new
`HsAppsTy` constructor for `HsType`. This is dispatched with in
the renamer, where the kind `*` can be told apart from a
type-level multiplication operator. Without `-XTypeInType` the
old behavior persists. With `-XTypeInType`, you need to import
`Data.Kind` to get `*`, also known as `Type`.
* The kind-checking algorithms in TcHsType have been significantly
rewritten to allow for enhanced kinds.
* The new features are still quite experimental and may be in flux.
* TODO: Several open tickets: #11195, #11196, #11197, #11198, #11203.
* TODO: Update user manual.
Tickets addressed: #9017, #9173, #7961, #10524, #8566, #11142.
Updates Haddock submodule.
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This puts the "Relevant bindings" section at the end.
It uses a TcErrors.Report Monoid to divide messages by importance and
then mappends them together. This is not the most efficient way since
there are various intermediate Reports and list appends, but it probably
doesn't matter since error messages shouldn't get that large, and are
usually prepended. In practice, everything is `important` except
`relevantBindings`, which is `supplementary`.
ErrMsg's errMsgShortDoc and errMsgExtraInfo were extracted into ErrDoc,
which has important, context, and suppelementary fields. Each of those
three sections is marked with a bullet character, '•' on unicode
terminals and '*' on ascii terminals. Since this breaks tons of tests,
I also modified testlib.normalise_errmsg to strip out '•'s.
--- Additional notes:
To avoid prepending * to an empty doc, I needed to filter empty docs.
This seemed less error-prone than trying to modify everyone who produces
SDoc to instead produce Maybe SDoc. So I added `Outputable.isEmpty`.
Unfortunately it needs a DynFlags, which is kind of bogus, but otherwise
I think I'd need another Empty case for SDoc, and then it couldn't be a
newtype any more.
ErrMsg's errMsgShortString is only used by the Show instance, which is
in turn only used by Show HscTypes.SourceError, which is in turn only
needed for the Exception instance. So it's probably possible to get rid
of errMsgShortString, but that would a be an unrelated cleanup.
Fixes #11014.
Test Plan: see above
Reviewers: austin, simonpj, thomie, bgamari
Reviewed By: thomie, bgamari
Subscribers: simonpj, nomeata, thomie
Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D1427
GHC Trac Issues: #11014
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I wasn't very happy with my fix to Trac #10009. This is much better.
The main idea is that the inert set now contains a "model", which
embodies *all* the (nominal) equalities that we know about, with
a view to exposing unifications. This requires a lot fewer iterations
of the solver than before.
There are extensive comments in
TcSMonad: Note [inert_model: the inert model]
Note [Adding an inert canonical constraint the InertCans]
The big changes are
* New inert_model field in InertCans
* Functions addInertEq, addInertCan deal with adding a
constraint, maintaining the model
* A nice improvement is that unification variables can
unify with fmvs, so that from, say alpha ~ fmv
we get alpha := fmv
See Note [Orientation of equalities with fmvs] in TcFlatten
It's still not perfect, as the Note explains
New flag -fconstraint-solver-iterations=n, allows us to control
the number of constraint solver iterations, and in particular
will flag up when it's more than a small number.
Performance is generally slightly better:
T5837 is a lot better for some reason.
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The idea was promted by Trac #9939, but it was Christmas, so I did
some recreational programming that went much further.
The idea is to warn when a constraint in a user-supplied context is
redundant. Everything is described in detail in
Note [Tracking redundant constraints]
in TcSimplify.
Main changes:
* The new ic_status field in an implication, of type ImplicStatus.
It replaces ic_insol, and includes information about redundant
constraints.
* New function TcSimplify.setImplicationStatus sets the ic_status.
* TcSigInfo has sig_report_redundant field to say whenther a
redundant constraint should be reported; and similarly
the FunSigCtxt constructor of UserTypeCtxt
* EvBinds has a field eb_is_given, to record whether it is a given
or wanted binding. Some consequential chagnes to creating an evidence
binding (so that we record whether it is given or wanted).
* AbsBinds field abs_ev_binds is now a *list* of TcEvBiinds;
see Note [Typechecking plan for instance declarations] in
TcInstDcls
* Some significant changes to the type checking of instance
declarations; Note [Typechecking plan for instance declarations]
in TcInstDcls.
* I found that TcErrors.relevantBindings was failing to zonk the
origin of the constraint it was looking at, and hence failing to
find some relevant bindings. Easy to fix, and orthogonal to
everything else, but hard to disentangle.
Some minor refactorig:
* TcMType.newSimpleWanteds moves to Inst, renamed as newWanteds
* TcClassDcl and TcInstDcls now have their own code for typechecking
a method body, rather than sharing a single function. The shared
function (ws TcClassDcl.tcInstanceMethodBody) didn't have much code
and the differences were growing confusing.
* Add new function TcRnMonad.pushLevelAndCaptureConstraints, and
use it
* Add new function Bag.catBagMaybes, and use it in TcSimplify
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This is preparing for a fix to Trac #9612. The idea is that insoluble
constraints are nice solid errors that we should not discard before
we have a chance to report them. So TcRnTypes.dropDerivedWC now
keeps insoluble Derived constrains, and instead TcSimplify.solve_wanteds
filters them out
We get somewhat better error message for kind-equality failures too.
A slight downside is that to avoid *duplicate* kind-equality failures
when we float a kind-incompatible equality (e.g. alpha:* ~ Int#),
I've disabled constraint-floating when there are insolubles. But that
in turn makes a handful of error messages a little less informative;
good examples are mc21, mc22, mc25. But I am re-jigging the
constraint floating machinery in another branch, which will make this
go back to the way it was before.
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This matches GCC's choice of Unicode quotation marks (i.e. U+2018 and U+2019)
and therefore looks more familiar on the console. This addresses #2507.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Valerio Riedel <hvr@gnu.org>
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Almost all are re-orderings of relevant-binding output
Relevant bindings include
+ m :: Map (a, b) elt (bound at T3169.hs:12:17)
+ b :: b (bound at T3169.hs:12:13)
lookup :: (a, b) -> Map (a, b) elt -> Maybe elt
(bound at T3169.hs:12:3)
- b :: b (bound at T3169.hs:12:13)
- m :: Map (a, b) elt (bound at T3169.hs:12:17)
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In effect, the error context for naked variables now takes up
a "slot" in the context stack; but it is often empty. So the
context stack becomes one shorter in those cases. I don't think
this matters; indeed, it's aguably an improvement. Anyway that's
why so many tests are affected.
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major TcErrors refactoring
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cf Trac #5509
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