1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>The GHC Commentary - Outline of the Genesis</title>
</head>
<body BGCOLOR="FFFFFF">
<h1>The GHC Commentary - Outline of the Genesis</h1>
<p>
Building GHC happens in two stages: First you have to prepare the tree
with <code>make boot</code>; and second, you build the compiler and
associated libraries with <code>make all</code>. The <code>boot</code>
stage builds some tools used during the main build process, generates
parsers and other pre-computed source, and finally computes dependency
information. There is considerable detail on the build process in GHC's
<a
href="http://hackage.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Building">Building Guide.</a>
<h4>Debugging the Beast</h4>
<p>
If you are hacking the compiler or like to play with unstable
development versions, chances are that the compiler someday just crashes
on you. Then, it is a good idea to load the <code>core</code> into
<code>gdb</code> as usual, but unfortunately there is usually not too
much useful information.
<p>
The next step, then, is somewhat tedious. You should build a compiler
producing programs with a runtime system that has debugging turned on
and use that to build the crashing compiler. There are many sanity
checks in the RTS, which may detect inconsistency before they lead to a
crash and you may include more debugging information, which helps
<code>gdb.</code> For a RTS with debugging turned on, add the following
to <code>build.mk</code> (see also the comment in
<a
href="http://cvs.haskell.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/fptools/mk/config.mk.in"><code>config.mk.in</code></a> that you find when searching for
<code>GhcRtsHcOpts</code>):
<blockquote><pre>
GhcRtsHcOpts+=-optc-DDEBUG
GhcRtsCcOpts+=-g
EXTRA_LD_OPTS=-lbfd -liberty</pre></blockquote>
<p>
Then go into <code>fptools/ghc/rts</code> and <code>make clean boot &&
make all</code>. With the resulting runtime system, you have to re-link
the compiler. Go into <code>fptools/ghc/compiler</code>, delete the
file <code>hsc</code> (up to version 4.08) or
<code>ghc-<version></code>, and execute <code>make all</code>.
<p>
The <code>EXTRA_LD_OPTS</code> are necessary as some of the debugging
code uses the BFD library, which in turn requires <code>liberty</code>.
I would also recommend (in 4.11 and from 5.0 upwards) adding these linker
options to the files <code>package.conf</code> and
<code>package.conf.inplace</code> in the directory
<code>fptools/ghc/driver/</code> to the <code>extra_ld_opts</code> entry
of the package <code>RTS</code>. Otherwise, you have to supply them
whenever you compile and link a program with a compiler that uses the
debugging RTS for the programs it produces.
<p>
To run GHC up to version 4.08 in <code>gdb</code>, first invoke the
compiler as usual, but pass it the option <code>-v</code>. This will
show you the exact invocation of the compiler proper <code>hsc</code>.
Run <code>hsc</code> with these options in <code>gdb</code>. The
development version 4.11 and stable releases from 5.0 on do no longer
use the Perl driver; so, you can run them directly with gdb.
<p>
<strong>Debugging a compiler during building from HC files.</strong>
If you are boot strapping the compiler on new platform from HC files and
it crashes somewhere during the build (e.g., when compiling the
libraries), do as explained above, but you may have to re-configure the
build system with <code>--enable-hc-boot</code> before re-making the
code in <code>fptools/ghc/driver/</code>.
If you do this with a compiler up to version 4.08, run the build process
with <code>make EXTRA_HC_OPTS=-v</code> to get the exact arguments with
which you have to invoke <code>hsc</code> in <code>gdb</code>.
<p><small>
<!-- hhmts start -->
Last modified: Sun Apr 24 22:16:30 CEST 2005
<!-- hhmts end -->
</small>
</body>
</html>
|
