summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/docs/opt-coercion/fc-normalization-rta.bib
blob: 6074e35d0b7a4e477305156a3fc6cb32597ff46a (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
6178
6179
6180
6181
6182
6183
6184
6185
6186
6187
6188
6189
6190
6191
6192
6193
6194
6195
6196
6197
6198
6199
6200
6201
6202
6203
6204
6205
6206
6207
6208
6209
6210
6211
6212
6213
6214
6215
6216
6217
6218
6219
6220
6221
6222
6223
6224
6225
6226
6227
6228
6229
6230
6231
6232
6233
6234
6235
6236
6237
6238
6239
6240
6241
6242
6243
6244
6245
6246
6247
6248
6249
6250
6251
6252
6253
6254
6255
6256
6257
6258
6259
6260
6261
6262
6263
6264
6265
6266
6267
6268
6269
6270
6271
6272
6273
6274
6275
6276
6277
6278
6279
6280
6281
6282
6283
6284
6285
6286
6287
6288
6289
6290
6291
6292
6293
6294
6295
6296
6297
6298
6299
6300
6301
6302
6303
6304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6317
6318
6319
6320
6321
6322
6323
6324
6325
6326
6327
6328
6329
6330
6331
6332
6333
6334
6335
6336
6337
6338
6339
6340
6341
6342
6343
6344
6345
6346
6347
6348
6349
6350
6351
6352
6353
6354
6355
6356
6357
6358
6359
6360
6361
6362
6363
6364
6365
6366
6367
6368
6369
6370
6371
6372
6373
6374
6375
6376
6377
6378
6379
6380
6381
6382
6383
6384
6385
6386
6387
6388
6389
6390
6391
6392
6393
6394
6395
6396
6397
6398
6399
6400
6401
6402
6403
6404
6405
6406
6407
6408
6409
6410
6411
6412
6413
6414
6415
6416
6417
6418
6419
6420
6421
6422
6423
6424
6425
6426
6427
6428
6429
6430
6431
6432
6433
6434
6435
6436
6437
6438
6439
6440
6441
6442
6443
6444
6445
6446
6447
6448
6449
6450
6451
6452
6453
6454
6455
6456
6457
6458
6459
6460
6461
6462
6463
6464
6465
6466
6467
6468
6469
6470
6471
6472
6473
6474
6475
6476
6477
6478
6479
6480
6481
6482
6483
6484
6485
6486
6487
6488
6489
6490
6491
6492
6493
6494
6495
6496
6497
6498
6499
6500
6501
6502
6503
6504
6505
6506
6507
6508
6509
6510
6511
6512
6513
6514
6515
6516
6517
6518
6519
6520
6521
6522
6523
6524
6525
6526
6527
6528
6529
6530
6531
6532
6533
6534
6535
6536
6537
6538
6539
6540
6541
6542
6543
6544
6545
6546
6547
6548
6549
6550
6551
6552
6553
6554
6555
6556
6557
6558
6559
6560
6561
6562
6563
6564
6565
6566
6567
6568
6569
6570
6571
6572
6573
6574
6575
6576
6577
6578
6579
6580
6581
6582
6583
6584
6585
6586
6587
6588
6589
6590
6591
6592
6593
6594
6595
6596
6597
6598
6599
6600
6601
6602
6603
6604
6605
6606
6607
6608
6609
6610
6611
6612
6613
6614
6615
6616
6617
6618
6619
6620
6621
6622
6623
6624
6625
6626
6627
6628
6629
6630
6631
6632
6633
6634
6635
6636
6637
6638
6639
6640
6641
6642
6643
6644
6645
6646
6647
6648
6649
6650
6651
6652
6653
6654
6655
6656
6657
6658
6659
6660
6661
6662
6663
6664
6665
6666
6667
6668
6669
6670
6671
6672
6673
6674
6675
6676
6677
6678
6679
6680
6681
6682
6683
6684
6685
6686
6687
6688
6689
6690
6691
6692
6693
6694
6695
6696
6697
6698
6699
6700
6701
6702
6703
6704
6705
6706
6707
6708
6709
6710
6711
6712
6713
6714
6715
6716
6717
6718
6719
6720
6721
6722
6723
6724
6725
6726
6727
6728
6729
6730
6731
6732
6733
6734
6735
6736
6737
6738
6739
6740
6741
6742
6743
6744
6745
6746
6747
6748
6749
6750
6751
6752
6753
6754
6755
6756
6757
6758
6759
6760
6761
6762
6763
6764
6765
6766
6767
6768
6769
6770
6771
6772
6773
6774
6775
6776
6777
6778
6779
6780
6781
6782
6783
6784
6785
6786
6787
6788
6789
6790
6791
6792
6793
6794
6795
6796
6797
6798
6799
6800
6801
6802
6803
6804
6805
6806
6807
6808
6809
6810
6811
6812
6813
6814
6815
6816
6817
6818
6819
6820
6821
6822
6823
6824
6825
6826
6827
6828
6829
6830
6831
6832
6833
6834
6835
6836
6837
6838
6839
6840
6841
6842
6843
6844
6845
6846
6847
6848
6849
6850
6851
6852
6853
6854
6855
6856
6857
6858
6859
6860
6861
6862
6863
6864
6865
6866
6867
6868
6869
6870
6871
6872
6873
6874
6875
6876
6877
6878
6879
6880
6881
6882
6883
6884
6885
6886
6887
6888
6889
6890
6891
6892
6893
6894
6895
6896
6897
6898
6899
6900
6901
6902
6903
6904
6905
6906
6907
6908
6909
6910
6911
6912
6913
6914
6915
6916
6917
6918
6919
6920
6921
6922
6923
6924
6925
6926
6927
6928
6929
6930
6931
6932
6933
6934
6935
6936
6937
6938
6939
6940
6941
6942
6943
6944
6945
6946
6947
6948
6949
6950
6951
6952
6953
6954
6955
6956
6957
6958
6959
6960
6961
6962
6963
6964
6965
6966
6967
6968
6969
6970
6971
6972
6973
6974
6975
6976
6977
6978
6979
6980
6981
6982
6983
6984
6985
6986
6987
6988
6989
6990
6991
6992
6993
6994
6995
6996
6997
6998
6999
7000
7001
7002
7003
7004
7005
7006
7007
7008
7009
7010
7011
7012
7013
7014
7015
7016
7017
7018
7019
7020
7021
7022
7023
7024
7025
7026
7027
7028
7029
7030
7031
7032
7033
7034
7035
7036
7037
7038
7039
7040
7041
7042
7043
7044
7045
7046
7047
7048
7049
7050
7051
7052
7053
7054
7055
7056
7057
7058
7059
7060
7061
7062
7063
7064
7065
7066
7067
7068
7069
7070
7071
7072
7073
7074
7075
7076
7077
7078
7079
7080
7081
7082
7083
7084
7085
7086
7087
7088
7089
7090
7091
7092
7093
7094
7095
7096
7097
7098
7099
7100
7101
7102
7103
7104
7105
7106
7107
7108
7109
7110
7111
7112
7113
7114
7115
7116
7117
7118
7119
7120
7121
7122
7123
7124
7125
7126
7127
7128
7129
7130
7131
7132
7133
7134
7135
7136
7137
7138
7139
7140
7141
7142
7143
7144
7145
7146
7147
7148
7149
7150
7151
7152
7153
7154
7155
7156
7157
@string{proc = "Proceedings of the\ "}

@string{cmu-cs = "Carnegie Mellon University, School of Computer Science"}
@string{cornell-cs = "Department of Computer Science, Cornell University"}
@string{dec-src = "Digital Equipment Corporation, Systems Research Center"}
@string{edin-cs = "Department of Computer Science, University of Edinburgh"}
@string{inria = "Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique (INRIA)"}
@string{yale-cs = "Yale University, Department of Computer Science"}


%% Conferences
@string{cade = "International Conference on Automated Deduction"}
@string{csl = "International Workshop on Computer Science Logic"}
@string{esop = "European Symposium on Programming"}
@string{fool = "Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages Workshop"}
@string{fpca = "Conference on Functional Programming Languages and Computer Architecture"}
@string{icalp = "International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming"}
@string{icfp = "{ACM SIGPLAN} International Conference on Functional Programming"}
@string{lfp = "{ACM} Conference on {Lisp} and Functional Programming"}
@string{lics = "{IEEE} Symposium on Logic in Computer Science"}
@string{mfps = "Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics"}
@string{osdi = "Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation"}
@string{pldi = "{ACM SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation"}
@string{popl = "{ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages"}
@string{sosp = "{ACM} Symposium on Operating Systems Principles"}
@string{tacs = "Theoretical Aspects of Computer Software"}
@string{tlca = "International Conference on Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications"}
@string{tldi = "{ACM SIGPLAN} Workshop in Types in Language Design and Implementation"}
@string{sigmod = "Proc. {ACM} {SIGMOD} International
                  Conference on Management of Data"}
@string{oopsla = "{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Conference on Object-Oriented
                  Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications"}
@string{sigcomm = "Proc. {SIGCOMM} Symposium on Communications
                  Architectures and Protocols"}
@string{ieeesp = "IEEE Symposium on Research in Security and Privacy"}
@string{rtss = "Real-Time Systems Symposium"}

%% Workshops
@string{tic = "{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Workshop on Types in Compilation"}
@string{wcsss = "{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Workshop on Compiler Support for System Software"}
@string{hotos = "Workshop on Hot Topis in Operating Systems"}
@string{lctes = "Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGPLAN} Workshop on Languages, 
                 Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems"}
@string{pepm = "{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Workshop on Partial Evaluation and
                  Semantics-Based Program Manipulation"}
@string{hoots = "International Workshop on Higher Order Operational Techniques in Semantics"}

%% Journals
@string{iandc = "Information and Computation"}
@string{jacm = "Journal of the {ACM}"}
@string{jfp = "Journal of Functional Programming"}
@string{mscs = "Mathematical Structures in Computer Science"}
@string{tcs = "Theoretical Computer Science"}
@string{toplas = "{ACM} Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}
@string{tse = "{IEEE} Transactions on Software Engineering"}
@String{j-LISP-SYMB-COMPUT      = "Lisp and Symbolic Computation"}
@string{hosc = "Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation"}


@string{lncs = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science"}

@string{academic = "Academic Press"}
@string{addison = "Addison-Wesley"}
@string{cambridge-press = "Cambridge University Press"}
@string{chapman = "Chapman \& Hall"}
@string{elsevier = "Elsevier"}
@string{mit-press = "The MIT Press"}
@string{noholland = "North-Holland"}
@string{springer = "Springer-Verlag"}
@string{sigplan-notices = "{SIGPLAN} Notices"}
@string{cam-ma = "Cambridge, Massachusetts"}
@string{ith-ny = "Ithaca, New York"}
@string{pgh-pa = "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}

@string{o1="First "}
@string{o2="Second "}
@string{o3="Third "}
@string{o4="Fourth "}
@string{o5="Fifth "}
@string{o6="Sixth "}
@string{o7="Seventh "}
@string{o8="Eighth "}
@string{o9="Ninth "}
@string{o10="Tenth "}
@string{o11="Eleventh "}
@string{o12="Twelfth "}
@string{o13="Thirteenth "}
@string{o14="Fourteenth "}
@string{o15="Fifteenth "}
@string{o16="Sixteenth "}
@string{o17="Seventeenth "}
@string{o18="Eighteenth "}
@string{o19="Nineteenth "}
@string{o20="Twentieth "}
@string{o21="Twenty-First "}
@string{o22="Twenty-Second "}
@string{o23="Twenty-Third "}
@string{o24="Twenty-Fourth "}
@string{o25="Twenty-Fifth "}
@string{o26="Twenty-Sixth "}
@string{o27="Twenty-Seventh "}
@string{o28="Twenty-Eighth "}
@string{o29="Twenty-Ninth "}
@string{o30="Thirtieth "}


%% Ack for downloaded bib entry

@String{ack-nhfb = "Nelson H. F. Beebe,
                    Center for Scientific Computing,
                    University of Utah,
                    Department of Mathematics, 322 INSCC,
                    155 S 1400 E RM 233,
                    Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA,
                    Tel: +1 801 581 5254,
                    FAX: +1 801 585 1640, +1 801 581 4148,
                    e-mail: \path|beebe@math.utah.edu|,
                            \path|beebe@acm.org|,
                            \path|beebe@ieee.org| (Internet),
                    URL: \path|http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/|"}






@inproceedings{deferred-type-errors,
 author = "Dimitrios Vytiniotis and Simon {Peyton Jones} and Pedro Magalhaes",
 title = "Equality proofs and deferred type errors",
 booktitle =  {Proceedings of {ACM SIGPLAN} International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP '12)},
 pages = "341-352",
 year = 2012
}

@inproceedings{ductilej,
  author = "Michael Bayne and Richard Cook and Michael Ernst",
  title = "Always-available static and dynamic feedback",
  booktitle = "Proceedings of 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE'11)",
  year = 2011,
  pages = "521-530",
  address = "Hawaii"
}

@INCOLLECTION{pottier:pierce-chapter,
  AUTHOR = {Fran\c{c}ois Pottier and Didier R{\'{e}}my},
  TITLE = {The Essence of {ML} Type Inference},
  BOOKTITLE = {Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages},
  PAGES = {389--489},
  PUBLISHER = {MIT Press},
  YEAR = {2005},
  EDITOR = {Benjamin C. Pierce},
  CHAPTER = {10},
  html = {http://cristal.inria.fr/attapl/}
}
  
@article{gill-hutton:worker-wrapper,
  author = "Andy Gill and Graham Hutton",
  title = "The worker/wrapper transformation",
  journal = {Journal of Functional Programming},
  volume = {19},
  issue = {2},
  page = {227-251},
  year = 2009
}
  
@article{pjv:modular,
  author = {Dimitrios Vytiniotis and Simon {Peyton Jones} and Tom Schrijvers and Martin Sulzmann},
  title = "OutsideIn(X): modular type inference with local assumptions",
  journal = {Journal of Functional Programming},
  volume = {21},
  issue = {4-5},
  page = {333-412},
  year = 2011
}


  
@article{rossberg08,
  author    = {Andreas Rossberg},
  title     = {Dynamic Translucency with Abstraction Kinds and Higher-Order
               Coercions},
  journal   = {Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci.},
  volume    = {218},
  year      = {2008},
  pages     = {313-336},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@InProceedings{mcbride:levitation,
  author = 	 {James Chapman and Pierre-\'{E}variste Dagand and Conor McBride and Peter Morris},
  title = 	 {The Gentle Art of Levitation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifteenth {ACM SIGPLAN} International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP '10)},
  year = 	 2010,
  address = 	 {Baltimore, MD, USA},
  month = 	 {September},
  note = 	 {To appear.}}

#  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-5401(91)90066-B},
@article{deBruijn:telescopes,
 author = {de Bruijn, N. G.},
 title = {Telescopic mappings in typed lambda calculus},
 journal = {Inf. Comput.},
 volume = {91},
 number = {2},
 year = {1991},
 issn = {0890-5401},
 pages = {189--204},
 publisher = {Academic Press, Inc.},
 address = {Duluth, MN, USA},
 }



@inproceedings{johann:gadt,
  author    = {Patricia Johann and
               Neil Ghani},
  title     = {Foundations for structured programming with GADTs},
  booktitle = {POPL},
  year      = {2008},
  pages     = {297-308},
  ee        = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1328438.1328475},
  crossref  = {DBLP:conf/popl/2008},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@proceedings{DBLP:conf/popl/2008,
  editor    = {George C. Necula and
               Philip Wadler},
  title     = {Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on
               Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2008, San Francisco,
               California, USA, January 7-12, 2008},
  booktitle = {POPL},
  publisher = {ACM},
  year      = {2008},
  isbn      = {978-1-59593-689-9},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@inproceedings{xi:grdt,
  author    = {Hongwei Xi and
               Chiyan Chen and
               Gang Chen},
  title     = {Guarded recursive datatype constructors},
  booktitle = {POPL},
  year      = {2003},
  pages     = {224-235},
  ee        = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/640128.604150},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@article{crary:syntactic-recursive,
  author    = {Karl Crary and
               Robert Harper},
  title     = {Syntactic Logical Relations for Polymorphic and Recursive
               Types},
  journal   = {Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci.},
  volume    = {172},
  year      = {2007},
  pages     = {259-299},
  note      = {Computation, Meaning, and Logic: Articles dedicated to Gordon Plotkin},
  ee        = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2007.02.010},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@inproceedings{ahmed:step-indexed,
  author    = {Amal J. Ahmed},
  title     = {Step-Indexed Syntactic Logical Relations for Recursive and
               Quantified Types},
  booktitle = {ESOP},
  year      = {2006},
  pages     = {69-83},
  ee        = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11693024_6},
  crossref  = {DBLP:conf/esop/2006},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@Book{kleene:mathematical-logic,
  author =	 {Stephen Cole Kleene},
  title = 	 {Mathematical Logic},
  publisher = 	 {Wiley},
  year = 	 1967
}

@inproceedings{Swamy:2009:TTC:1596550.1596598,
 author = {Swamy, Nikhil and Hicks, Michael and Bierman, Gavin M.},
 title = {A theory of typed coercions and its applications},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 series = {ICFP '09},
 year = {2009},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-332-7},
 location = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
 pages = {329--340},
 numpages = {12},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {coercion insertion, gradual typing, nonambiguity, provenance, type-directed translation},
} 



@incollection{Remy-Yakobowski:xmlf,
  author = {R\'{e}my, Didier and Yakobowski, Boris},
  affiliation = {INRIA Paris - Rocquencourt},
  title = {A {Church}-Style Intermediate Language for {MLF}},
  booktitle = {Functional and Logic Programming},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  editor = {Blume, Matthias and Kobayashi, Naoki and Vidal, German},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
  pages = {24-39},
  volume = {6009},
  also = {http://gallium.inria.fr/~remy/mlf/},
  abstract = {MLF is a type system that seamlessly merges ML-style implicit but
  second-class polymorphism with System-F explicit first-class
  polymorphism. We present xMLF, a Church-style version of MLF with full type
  information that can easily be maintained during reduction. All parameters
  of functions are explicitly typed and both type abstraction and type
  instantiation are explicit. However, type instantiation in xMLF is more
  general than type application in System F. We equip xMLF with a small-step
  reduction semantics that allows reduction in any context and show that this
  relation is confluent and type preserving. We also show that both subject
  reduction and progress hold for weak-reduction strategies, including
  call-by-value with the value-restriction.},
  year = {2010}
}

@InProceedings{Remy-Yakobowski:mlf-type-inference,
AUTHOR = {Didier Remy and Boris Yakobowski},
TITLE  = {{E}fficient {T}ype {I}nference for the {MLF} Language:
          a graphical and constraints-based approach},
BOOKTITLE = {The 13th ACM SIGPLAN 
             International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP'08)}, 
YEAR = 2008,
ADDRESS = {Victoria, BC, Canada},
MONTH = Sep,
ALSO  =  {http://gallium.inria.fr/~remy/mlf/},
PDF =    {http://gallium.inria.fr/~remy/mlf/Remy-Yakobowski@icfp08:mlf-type-inference.pdf},
pages = {63--74},
doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1411203.1411216},
ABSTRACT = {
MLF is a type system that seamlessly merges ML-style type inference with
System-F polymorphism. We propose a system of graphic (type) constraints
that can be used to perform type inference in both ML or MLF. We show
that this constraint system is a small extension of the formalism of
graphic types, originally introduced to represent MLF types. We give a
few semantic preserving transformations on constraints and propose a
strategy for applying them to solve constraints. We show that the
resulting algorithm has optimal complexity for MLF type inference, and
argue that, as for ML, this complexity is linear under reasonable
assumptions.
}
}




@inproceedings{xi:cut-elimination,
author = "Chiyan Chen and Dengping Zhu and Hongwei Xi",
title = {{Implementing Cut Elimination: A Case Study of Simulating Dependent Types in Haskell}},
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages",
publisher = "Springer-Verlag LNCS vol. 3057",
year = "2004",
month = "June",
pages = "239--254",
address = "Dallas, TX",
abstract = {{
Gentzen's Hauptsatz -- cut elimination theorem -- in sequent calculi
reveals a fundamental property on logic connectives in various logics such
as classical logic and intuitionistic logic.  In this paper, we implement a
procedure in Haskell to perform cut elimination for intuitionistic sequent
calculus, where we use types to guarantee that the procedure can only
return a cut-free proof of the same sequent when given a proof of a sequent
that may contain cuts.  The contribution of the paper is two-fold.  On
the one hand, we present an interesting (and somewhat unexpected) application
of the current type system of Haskell, illustrating through a concrete
example how some typical use of dependent types can be simulated in
Haskell. On the other hand, we identify several problematic issues with
such a simulation technique and then suggest some approaches to addressing
these issues in Haskell.
}}
}



@inproceedings{HList-HW04,
 author = {Oleg Kiselyov and Ralf L\"{a}mmel and Keean Schupke},
 title = "{Strongly typed heterogeneous collections}",
 booktitle = "{Haskell '04: Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN workshop on Haskell}",
 year = {2004},
 isbn = {1-58113-850-4},
 pages = {96--107},
 location = {Snowbird, Utah, USA},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1017472.1017488},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
}


@Unpublished{augustsson:silly,
  author = 		  {Lennart Augustsson and Kent Petersson},
  title = 		  {Silly Type Families},
  note = 		  {Available from \url{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~sheard/papers/silly.pdf}},
  month =		  sep,
  year =			  1994,
  annote =       {GADTs}
}

@inproceedings{sheard:omega,
  title = "Meta-programming with built-in type equality",
  author = "Tim Sheard and Emir Pasalic",
  booktitle = "Proc 4th International Workshop on Logical Frameworks and Meta-languages (LFM'04), Cork",
  month = jul,
  year = 2004,
  pages = "106--124",
  keywords = "phantom types, type indexed data types"
}



@TechReport{cheney-hinze:phantom-types,
  author = 	 {James Cheney and Ralf Hinze},
  title = 	 {First-Class Phantom Types},
  institution =  {Cornell University},
  year = 	 2003,
  type =	 {CUCIS},
  number =	 {TR2003-1901}
}


@InCollection{Remy!records,
author     = "Didier R\'{e}my",
title      = "Type Inference for Records in a Natural Extension of {ML}",
booktitle  = "Theoretical Aspects Of Object-Oriented Programming. 
              Types, Semantics and Language Design",
publisher  = "MIT Press",
year       = 1993,
editor     = "Carl A. Gunter and John C. Mitchell"
}


%% A %%

@article{abadi+:dynamic,
  author =	 "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli and Benjamin
                  Pierce and Gordon Plotkin",
  title =	 "Dynamic typing in a statically-typed language",
  journal =	 toplas,
  year =	 1991,
  volume =	 13,
  number =	 2,
  month =	 "April",
  pages =	 "237--268",
}

@article{         Abadi92,
author =          "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli and Benjamin Pierce
                  and Didier R\'{e}my",
title =           "Dynamic Typing in Polymorphic Languages",
journal =         "Journal of Functional Programming",
volume =          "5",
number =          "1",
pages =           "111--130",
month =           jan,
annnote =         "Summary in \bgroup \em ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on ML and its
                  Applications\egroup, June 1992",
year =            1995,
bcp =             yes
}



@article{abadi+:explicit-subs,
  author =	 "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli and Pierre-Louis
                  Curien and Jean-Jacques L\'{e}vy",
  title =	 "Explicit Substitutions",
  journal =	 jfp,
  year =	 1991,
  volume =	 1,
  number =	 4,
  pages =	 "375--416",
}

@inproceedings{abadi+:object-interp,
  author =	 "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli and Ramesh
                  Viswanathan",
  title =	 "An Interpretation of Objects and Object Types",
  booktitle =	 o23 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "St.\ Petersburg, Florida",
  pages =	 "296--409",
}

@inproceedings{abadi+:prim-objects,
  author =	 "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "A Theory of Primitive Objects: Untyped and
                  First-Order Systems",
  booktitle =	 tacs,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 apr,
  pages =	 "296--320",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 789,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@book{abadi+:thy-objects,
  author =	 "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "A Theory of Objects",
  publisher =	 springer,
  year =	 1996,
}

@inproceedings{abadi:protection-in-trans,
  author =	 "Mart\'{\i}n Abadi",
  title =	 "Protection in Programming-Language Translations",
  booktitle =	 o25 # " " # icalp,
  month =	 jul,
  year =	 1998,
}

@InProceedings{abadi+:dcc,
  author = 	 {Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Anindya Banerjee and Nevin Heintze and Jon G. Riecke},
  title = 	 {A Core Calculus of Dependency},
  booktitle = 	 o26 # " " # popl,
  pages =	 {147--160},
  year =	 1999,
  address =	 {San Antonio, Texas},
  month =	 jan
}


@inproceedings{aczel:frege-revisit,
  author =	 "Peter Aczel",
  title =	 "{F}rege Structures Revisited",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the 1983 Marstrand Workshop",
  editor =	 "B. {Nordstr\"{o}m} and J. Smith",
  year =	 1983,
}


@manual{ada:manual, 
  key = {ISOA},
  edition = {6.0}, 
  month = dec, 
  organization = {International Organisation for Standardisation and 
                  International Electrotechnical Commission}, 
  title = {International Standard ISO/IEC 8652:1995 Ada Reference Manual: 
           Language and Standard Libraries }, 
  year = 1994,
  url =  "http://www.adahome.com/rm95/"
} 

@Manual{c:standard,
  title = 		  {ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Programming Languages--{C}},
  key =			  {ISOC},
  organization = {International Organisation for Standardization
                  and International Electrotechnical Commission},
  month =		  dec,
  year =			  1999
}

@Manual{c++:standard,
  title =		  {ISO/IEC 14882:1998 Information Technology--Programming Languages--{C++}},
  key =			  {ISOCP},
  organization = {International Organisation for Standardization
                  and International Electrotechnical Commission},
  month =		  sep,
  year =			  1998
}



@inproceedings{aditya+:gc,
  author =	 "Shail Aditya and Christine Flood and James Hicks",
  title =	 "Garbage Collection for Strongly-Typed Languages
                  using Run-Time Type Reconstruction",
  booktitle =	 1994 # " " # lfp,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "12--23",
  year =	 1994,
  address =	 "Orlando"
}

@inproceedings{ agesen97adding,
    author = "Ole Agesen and Stephen N. Freund and John C. Mitchell",
    title = "Adding Type Parameterization to the {Java} Language",
    booktitle = "{ACM} {S}ymposium on {O}bject {O}riented {P}rogramming: {S}ystems, {L}anguages, and {A}pplications ({OOPSLA})",
    address = "Atlanta, GA",
    pages = "49--65",
    year = "1997",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/agesen97adding.html" }


@inproceedings{aiken+:type-inclusion,
  author =	 "Alexander Aiken and Edward L. Wimmers",
  title =	 "Type Inclusion Constraints and Type Inference",
  booktitle =	 "FPCA93: " # fpca,
  year =	 1993,
  pages =	 "31--41",
}

@inproceedings{allen+:reflection,
  author =	 "Stuart F. Allen and Robert L. Constable and Douglas
                  J. Howe and William E. Aitken",
  title =	 "The Semantics of Reflected Proof",
  booktitle =	 o5 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1990,
  month =	 jun,
  pages = {95--105},
  address = {Philadelphia, Pennsylvania},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press}
}

@phdthesis{allen:phd,
  author =	 "Stuart Allen",
  title =	 "A Non-Type-Theoretic Semantics for Type-Theoretic
                  Language",
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1987,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@inproceedings{allen:tt-semant,
  author =	 "Stuart Allen",
  title =	 "A Non-Type-Theoretic Definition of
                  {Martin-L\"{o}f}'s Types",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1987,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "215--221",
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@article{amadio+:subtyping-rectypes,
  author =	 "Roberto Amadio and Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Subtyping Recursive Types",
  journal =	 toplas,
  year =	 1993,
  volume =	 15,
  number =	 4,
  pages =	 "575--631",
}

@inproceedings{appel+:cont-close,
  author =	 "Andrew W. Appel and Trevor Jim",
  title =	 "Continuation-Passing, Closure-Passing Style",
  bookTitle =	 o16 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1989,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "293--302",
  address =	 "Austin",
}

@inproceedings{appel+:smlnj,
  title =	 "{S}tandard {ML} of {N}ew {J}ersey",
  author =	 "Andrew W. Appel and David B. MacQueen",
  booktitle =	 "Third International Symposium on Programming
                  Language Implementation and Logic Programming",
  publisher =	 springer,
  month =	 aug,
  year =	 "1991",
  pages =	 "1--13",
  volume =	 528,
  series =	 lncs,
}

@book{appel:cont-compiling,
  author =	 "Andrew W. Appel",
  title =	 "Compiling with Continuations",
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
  year =	 1992,
}


@inproceedings{appel+:pcc,
 author = {Andrew W. Appel and Amy P. Felty},
 title = {A Semantic Model of Types and Machine Instructions for Proof-Carrying Code},
 booktitle = o27 # " " # popl, 
 month = jan,
 year = 2000,
 address = "Boston",
 pages = "243--253"
}

@inproceedings{ armstrong97development,
    author = "Joe Armstrong",
    title = "The development of {Erlang}",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGPLAN} International
                  Conference on Functional Programming ({ICFP} '97)",
    pages = "196--203",
    year = "1997",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/37831.html" }

@inproceedings{aspinall:subtype-singleton,
  author =	 "David Aspinall",
  title =	 "Subtyping with Singleton Types",
  booktitle =	 o8 # " " # csl,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 sep,
  address =	 "Kazimierz, Poland",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 933,
  publisher =	 springer,
  pages =	 "1--15",
}


@inproceedings{audebaud:partial-coq,
  title =	 "Partial Objects in the Calculus of Constructions",
  author =	 "Philippe Audebaud",
  booktitle =	 o6 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1991,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "86--95",
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
}

@InProceedings{augustsson:cayenne,
  author       = {Lennart Augustsson},
  title        = {Cayenne--a language with dependent types},
  booktitle    = o3 # " " # icfp,
  pages        = {239--250},
  year         = 1998,
  month        = sep,
}

%% B %%

@Article{barendregt:impact,
  author = 	 {Henk P. Barendregt},
  title = 	 { The impact of the lambda calculus },
  journal = 	 {Bulletin of Symbolic Logic},
  year = 	 1997,
  volume =	 3,
  number =	 2
}





@InCollection{barendregt:pts,
  author =	 {Henk P. Barendregt },
  editor =	 {Samson Abramsky and Dov M. Gabbay and Thomas S. E. Maibaum},
  booktitle = 	 {Handbook of Logic in Computer Science},
  title = 	 {Lambda Calculi with Types},
  publisher = 	 {Clarendon Press},
  year = 	 1992,
  volume =	 2,
  pages = {117--309},
  address =	 {Oxford}
}

@Book{barendregt:book,
  author =	 {Hendrik P. Barendregt},
  title = 	 {The Lambda Calculus, its Syntax and Semantics},
  publisher = 	 {North Holland},
  year = 	 1984,
  edition =	 {Second}
}

@inproceedings{basin:automated-partial-fns,
  author =	 "David A. Basin",
  title =	 "An Environment for Automated Reasoning about Partial
                  Functions",
  booktitle =	 o9 # " " # cade,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 310,
  publisher =	 springer,
  year =	 1988,
}

@article{bates+:proofs-as-programs,
  author =	 "Joseph L. Bates and Robert L. Constable",
  title =	 "Proofs as Programs",
  journal =	 toplas,
  year =	 1985,
  volume =	 7,
  number =	 1,
  pages =	 "113--136",
  month =	 jan,
}

@phdthesis{bates:phd,
  author =	 "Joseph L. Bates",
  title =	 "A Logic for Correct Program Development",
  year =	 1979,
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@article{beeson:recursive-models,
  author =	 "Michael Beeson",
  title =	 "Recursive Models for Constructive Set Theories",
  journal =	 "Annals of Mathematical Logic",
  volume =	 23,
  pages =	 "127--178",
  year =	 1982,
}


@InProceedings{berger91nbe,
  author = 	 {Ulrich Berger and Helmut Schwichtenberg},
  title = 	 {An inverse of the evaluation functional for typed $lambda$-calculus},
  booktitle = 	 { Proceedings of the Sixth Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science},
  pages =	 {203--211},
  year =	 {1991 },
  editor =	 { R. Vemuri},
  address =	 {Los Alamitos},
  publisher =	 {IEEE Computer Society Press}
}

@inproceedings{benton+:sml-to-jvm,
  author =	 "Nick Benton and Andrew Kennedy and George Russell",
  title =	 "Compiling {Standard} {ML} to {Java} Bytecodes",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 sep,
  address =	 "Baltimore",
  pages =	 "129--140",
}

@inproceedings{bershad+:spin,
  title =	 "Extensibility, Safety and Performance in the {SPIN}
                  Operating System",
  author =	 "Brain Bershad and Stefan Savage and Przemyslaw
                  Pardyak and Emin Sirer and Marc Fiuczynski and David
                  Becker and Craig Chambers and Susan Eggers",
  booktitle =	 o15 # " " # sosp,
  year =	 1995,
  month =	 dec,
  pages =	 "267--284",
  address =	 "{C}opper {M}ountain",
}




@Article{bird+:debruijn,
  author = 	 {Richard S. Bird and Ross Paterson},
  title = 	 {De {B}ruijn Notation as a Nested Datatype},
  journal = 	 jfp,
  year = 	 1999,
  volume =	 9,
  number = 1,
  pages = "77--91",
}

@InProceedings{bird+:nested,
  author = 	 {Richard Bird and Lambert Meertens},
  title = 	 {Nested Datatypes},
  booktitle = "Proceedings 4th Int.\ Conf.\ on 
    Mathematics of Program Construction, {MPC}'98,  
    Marstrand, Sweden, 15--17 June 1998",
  year =	 1998,
  volume =	 1422,
  series =	 lncs,
  pages = "52--67"
}

@article{ bird99generalised,
    author = "Richard Bird and Ross Paterson",
    title = "Generalised Folds for Nested Datatypes",
    journal = "Formal Aspects of Computing",
    volume = "11",
    number = "2",
    pages = "200--222",
    year = "1999",
    editor = "Johan Juering",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/bird99generalised.html"
}



@techreport{birkedal+:kit,
  title =	 "The {ML} {K}it (Version 1)",
  author =	 "Lars Birkedal and Nick Rothwell and Mads Tofte and
                  David N. Turner",
  year =	 "1993",
  institution =	 "{D}epartment of {C}omputer {S}cience, {U}niversity
                  of {C}openhagen",
  number =	 "93/14"
}

@inproceedings{birkedal+:rec-type-interp, 
  author    = "Lars Birkedal and Robert Harper", 
  title     = "Relational Interpretations of Recursive
               Types in an Operational Setting",
  pages = "458-490",
  booktitle = tacs, 
  year = 1997 
}

@inproceedings{birkedal+:regions,
  title =	 "From Region Inference to {v}on {N}eumann Machines
                  via Region Representation Inference",
  author =	 "Lars Birkedal and Mads Tofte and Magnus Vejlstrup",
  booktitle =	 o23 # " " # popl,
  year =	 "1996",
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "171--183",
  address =	 "St.\ Petersburg, Florida"
}

@phdthesis{blume:phd,
  author =	 "Matthias Blume",
  title =	 "Hierarchical Modularity and Intermodule
                  Optimization",
  month =	 nov,
  year =	 1997,
  school =	 "Princeton University, Department of Computer
                  Science",
  address =	 "Princeton, New Jersey",
}

@article{boehm+:gc,
  author =	 "Hans-J. Boehm and Mark Weiser",
  title =	 "Garbage Collection in an uncooperative environment",
  journal =	 "Software Practice and Experience",
  volume =	 18,
  number =	 9,
  year =	 1988,
  month =	 sep,
  pages =	 "807--820",
}

@inproceedings{boehm:infer-undecidable,
  author =	 "Hans-J. Boehm",
  title =	 "Partial Polymorphic Type Inference is Undecidable",
  booktitle =	 o26 # " Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer
                  Science",
  year =	 1985,
  month =	 oct,
  pages =	 "339--345",
}



@Article{bohm+:algebras,
  author = 	 {Corrado B\"ohm and Allessandro Berarducci},
  title = 	 {Automatic synthesis of typed {$\Lambda$}-programs on 
                   term algebras},
  journal = 	 tcs,
  year = 	 1985,
  volume =	 39,
  pages =	 {135-154}
}

@inproceedings{ bracha98making,
    author = "Gilad Bracha and Martin Odersky and David Stoutamire and Philip Wadler",
    title = "Making the Future Safe for the Past: Adding Genericity to the {Java} Programming Language",
    booktitle = "Object Oriented Programming: Systems, Languages, and Applications ({OOPSLA})",
    address = "Vancouver, BC",
    editor = "Craig Chambers",
    pages = "183--200",
    year = "1998",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/bracha98making.html" }

@inproceedings{ bracha93strongtalk,
    author = "Gibblad Bracha and David Griswold",
    title = "{Strongtalk: Typechecking Smalltalk in a Production Environment}",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the \mbox{OOPSLA}~'93 Conference on Object-oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Applications",
    pages = "215--230",
    year = "1993",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/bracha93strongtalk.html" }


@inproceedings{ brandt97coinductive,
    author = "Michael Brandt and Fritz Henglein",
    title = "Coinductive axiomatization of recursive type equality and subtyping",
    booktitle = "Proc.\ 3d Int'l Conf. on Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications ({TLCA}), Nancy, France, April 2-4, 1997",
    volume = "1210",
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
    editor = "Roger Hindley",
    pages = "63--81",
    year = "1997",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/brandt98coinductive.html" }


@inproceedings{breazu-tannen+:computing-w-coercions,
  author =	 "Val Breazu-Tannen and Carl A. Gunter and Andre
                  Scedrov",
  title =	 "Computing with Coercions",
  booktitle =	 1990 # " " # lfp,
  year =	 1990,
  pages =	 "44--60",
}

@article{breazu-tannen+:implicit-coercion,
  author =	 "Val Breazu-Tannen and Thierry Coquand and Carl
                  A. Gunter and Andre Scedrov",
  title =	 "Inheritance as Implicit Coercion",
  journal =	 iandc,
  year =	 1991,
  volume =	 93,
  pages =	 "172--221",
}

@Article{Bobrow:1988:CLOa,
  author =       "Daniel G. Bobrow and Linda G. Demichiel and Richard P.
                 Gabriel and Sonya E. Keene and Gregor Kiczales And
                 David A. Moon",
  title =        "{Common Lisp Object System} Specification 1.
                 Programmer Interface Concepts",
  journal =      j-LISP-SYMB-COMPUT,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "245--298",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1988",
  CODEN =        "LSCOEX",
  ISSN =         "0892-4635",
  bibdate =      "Fri Feb 12 06:09:25 1999",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Article{Bobrow:1988:CLOb,
  author =       "Daniel G. Bobrow and Linda G. Demichiel and Richard P.
                 Gabriel and Sonya E. Keene and Gregor Kiczales And
                 David A. Moon",
  title =        "{Common Lisp Object System} Specification 2. Functions
                 in the Programmer Interface",
  journal =      j-LISP-SYMB-COMPUT,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "299--394",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1988",
  CODEN =        "LSCOEX",
  ISSN =         "0892-4635",
  bibdate =      "Fri Feb 12 06:09:25 1999",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@article{bruce+:binary-methods,
  author =	 "Kim B. Bruce and Luca Cardelli and Giuseppe Castagna
                  and The Hopkins Objects Group and Gary T. Leavens
                  and Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title =	 "On Binary Methods",
  journal =	 "Theory and Practice of Object Systems",
  volume =	 1,
  number =	 3,
  pages =	 "221--242",
  year =	 1996,
}

@inproceedings{bruce+:comp-obj-encodings,
  author =	 "Kim B. Bruce and Luca Cardelli and Benjamin
                  C. Pierce",
  title =	 "Comparing Object Encodings",
  booktitle =	 "Theoretical Aspects of Computer Software",
  address =	 "Sendai, Japan",
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 sep,
}

@article{bruce+:modest-model,
  author =	 "Kim B. Bruce and Giuseppe Longo",
  title =	 "A Modest Model of Records, Inheritance, and Bounded
                  Quantification",
  journal =	 iandc,
  year =	 1991,
  volume =	 87,
  pages =	 "196--240",
}


@article{bruce:paradigm-oop,
  author =	 "Kim B. Bruce",
  title =	 "A Paradigmatic Object-Oriented Programming Language:
                  Design, Static Typing and Semantics",
  journal =	 jfp,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 apr,
  volume =	 4,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 "127--206",
}

%% C %%



@inproceedings{canning+:f-bound-oop,
  author =	 "Peter Canning and William Cook and Walter Hill and
                  John Mitchell and Walter Olthoff",
  title =	 "F-Bounded Quantification for Object-Oriented
                  Programming",
  booktitle =	 "FPCA89: " # fpca,
  year =	 1989,
  month =	 sep,
  pages =	 "273--280",
}

@inproceedings{cardelli+:fsub,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli and Simone Martini and John
                  C. Mitchell and Andre Scedrov",
  title =	 "An Extension of System {F} With Subtyping",
  booktitle =	 tacs # " 1991",
  address =	 "Sendai, Japan",
  year =	 1991,
  pages =	 "750--770",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 526,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@article{cardelli+:fun,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli and Peter Wegner",
  title =	 "On Understanding Types, Data Abstraction, and
                  Polymorphism",
  journal =	 "Computing Surveys",
  volume =	 17,
  number =	 4,
  year =	 1985,
  month =	 dec,
  pages =	 "471--522",
}

@techreport{cardelli+:modula3,
  title =	 "Modula-3 Report (Revised)",
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli and James Donahue and Lucille Glassman
                  and Mick Jordan and Bill Kalsow and Greg Nelson",
  month =	 nov,
  year =	 1989,
  number =	 52,
  institution =	 dec-src,
}

@incollection{cardelli:amber,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Amber",
  booktitle =	 "Combinators and Functional Programming Languages",
  publisher =	 springer,
  editor =   "Guy Coisineau and Pierre-Louis Curien and Bernard Robinet",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 242,
  pages = "48--70",
  year =	 1986
}

@techreport{cardelli:extensible-records,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Extensible Records in a Pure Calculus of Subtyping",
  institution =	 dec-src,
  year =	 1993,
  type =	 "SRC Research Report",
  number =	 "81",
  month =	 jan,
}

@unpublished{cardelli:f-omega-sub,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Notes about {F$^\omega_{<:}$}",
  note =	 "Unpublished manuscript",
  year =	 1990,
}

@techreport{cardelli:fsub-impl,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "An Implementation of ${F}_{<:}$",
  institution =	 dec-src,
  year =	 1993,
  month =	 feb,
  type =	 "SRC Research Report",
  number =	 "97",
}

@article{cardelli:inherit-semantics,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "A semantics of multiple inheritance",
  journal =	 iandc,
  volume =	 76,
  pages =	 "138--164",
  year =	 1988,
}

@unpublished{cardelli:phase,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Phase Distinctions in Type Theory",
  note =	 "Unpublished manuscript",
  year =	 1988,
  month =	 jan,
}

@inproceedings{cardelli:power-type,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Structural Subtyping and the Notion of Power Type",
  booktitle =	 o15 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1988,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "70--79",
  address =	 "San Diego",
}

@incollection{cardelli:typeful,
  author =	 "Luca Cardelli",
  title =	 "Typeful Programming",
  booktitle =	 "Formal Description of Programming Concepts",
  year =	 1991,
  publisher =	 "Springer-Verlag",
}

@inproceedings{ cartwright98compatible,
    author = "Robert Cartwright and Guy L. {Steele, Jr.}",
    title = "Compatible Genericity with Run-time Types for the {Java} Programming Language",
    booktitle = "{ACM} {S}ymposium on {O}bject {O}riented {P}rogramming: {S}ystems, {L}anguages, and {A}pplications ({OOPSLA}), Vancouver, British Columbia",
    publisher = "ACM",
    editor = "Craig Chambers",
    pages = "201--215",
    year = "1998",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/cartwright98compatible.html" }


@Manual{mlton,
  title = 		  {MLton User Guide},
  author =		  {Henry Cejtin and Matthew Fluet and Suresh Jagannathan and Stephen Weeks},
  month =		  apr,
  year =			  2000,
  note =			  {\url{http://www.mlton.org/HTML/main.html}}
}

@Misc{cert:denial,
  key =		 {CERT00},
  author =	 {CERT Coordination Center and the Federal Computer
                  Incident Response Capability (FedCIRC)},
  title =	 {{CERT} Advisory CA-2000-01 Denial-of-Service
                  Developments},
  howpublished = {http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2000-01.html},
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 2000
}

@inproceedings{ chak-keller:more-types,
  author = 	 {Manuel M. T. Chakravarty and Gabriele Keller},
  title = 	 {More Types for Nested Data Parallel Programming},
  editor =	 {Philip Wadler},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the Fifth ACM SIGPLAN International 
		 Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP'00)},
  year =	 2000,
  publisher =	 {ACM Press},
  pages =        {94--105},
  url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/chakravarty00more.html} }



 @InProceedings{chak:array-fusion,
  author = 		  {Manuel M. T. Chakravarty and Gabriele Keller},
  title = 		  {Functional Array Fusion},
  booktitle = 	  {Proceedings of the Sixth ACM SIGPLAN International 
                  Conference on Functional Programming},
  pages =		  {205--216},
  year =			  2002,
  address =		  {Florence, Italy},
  month =		  sep,
  publisher =	  {{ACM} Press}
}

@InProceedings{cheung+:routing,
  author =	 {Steven Cheung and Karl N. Levitt},
  title =	 {Protecting routing infrastructures from denial of
                  service using cooperative intrusion detection },
  booktitle =	 {Proceedings of the Workshop on New Paradigms},
  year =	 1998,
  address =	 {Charlottesville, VA},
  month =	 sep
}

@InProceedings{chin00sized,
  author =	 {Wei-Ngan Chin and Siau-Cheng Khoo},
  title =	 {Calculating Sized Types},
  booktitle =	 pepm,
  pages =	 "62--72",
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 {Boston,USA},
  month =	 jan
}


@Article{church:simple-types,
  author = 		  {Alonzo Church},
  title = 		  {A Formulation of the Simple Theory of Types},
  journal = 	  {Journal of Symbolic Logic},
  year = 		  1940,
  volume =		  5,
  pages =		  {56--68}
}

@InProceedings{clark90:_archit_consid,
  author =	 {D. Clark and D. Tennenhouse},
  title =	 {Architectural Considerations for a new generation of
                  protocols},
  booktitle =	 sigcomm,
  year =	 1990,
  address =	 {Philadelphia, Pennsylvania},
  month =	 sep
}



@TechReport{generic-haskell,
  author = 		  {Dave Clarke and Ralf Hinze and Johan Jeuring and Andres L\"{o}h and Jan de Wit},
  title = 		  {The {G}eneric {H}askell user's guide},
  institution =  {Utrecht University },
  year = 		  2001,
  number =		  {UU-CS-2001-26}
}


@techreport{CoFu92,
 author      = "Robin Cockett and Tom Fukushima",
 title       = "About {C}harity",
 institution = "Department of Computer Science, The University of Calgary",
 month       = jun,
 year        = 1992,
 type        = "Yellow Series Report",
 number      = "No.\ 92/480/18"
}

@InProceedings{cointe:meta-classes,
  author = 		  {Pierre Cointe},
  title = 		  {Metaclasses are first class: The {ObjVlisp} model},
  booktitle = 	  {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems,
 Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA)},
  pages =		  {156--167},
  year =			  1987,
  address =		  { Orlando, FL}
}

@MISC{COM,
  KEY = {COM},
  TITLE = {{M}icrosoft {COM} Technologies},
  month = jan,
  year = 2002,
  NOTE = {\url{http://www.microsoft.com/com/default.asp}}
}


@article{compagnoni+:intersect-mult-inherit,
  author =	 "Adriana B. Compagnoni and Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title =	 "Higher-Order Intersection Types and Multiple
                  Inheritance",
  journal =	 mscs,
  pages =	 "469--501",
  month =	 oct,
  year =	 1996,
  volume =	 6,
  number =	 5,
}



@inproceedings{constable+:comp-founds-fn-thy,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable and Scott Fraser Smith",
  title =	 "Computational Foundations of Basic Recursive
                  Function Theory",
  booktitle =	 o3 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1988,
  address =	 "Edinburgh, Scotland",
  pages =	 "360--371",
  month =	 jul,
}

@inproceedings{constable+:intensional-analysis,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable and Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Computational Complexity and Induction for Partial
                  Computable Functions in Type Theory",
  booktitle =	 "Feferman Festschrift",
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 dec
}



@book{constable+:nuprl,
  title =	 "Implementing Mathematics with the {N}uprl Proof
                  Development System",
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable and Stuart F. Allen and H. Mark Bromley and
                  W. Rance Cleaveland and James F. Cremer and Robert W. Harper and
                  Douglas J. Howe and Todd B. Knoblock and Nax Paul Mendler and
                  Prakash Panangaden and James T. Sasaki and Scott F. Smith",
  publisher =	 "Prentice-Hall",
  year =	 1986,
}

@inproceedings{constable+:partial-objs,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable and Scott F. Smith",
  title =	 "Partial Objects in Constructive Type Theory",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1987,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "183--193",
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@article{constable+:plcv3,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable and Daniel R. Zlatin",
  title =	 "The Type Theory of {PL/CV3}",
  journal =	 toplas,
  volume =	 6,
  number =	 1,
  year =	 1984,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "94--117",
}

@techreport{constable:ita,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable",
  title =	 "Intensional Analysis of Functions and Types",
  year =	 1982,
  month =	 jun,
  number =	 "CSR-118-82",
  institution =	 edin-cs,
}

@incollection{constable:math-as-programming-logic,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable",
  title =	 "Constructive Mathematics as a Programming Logic {I}:
                  Some Principles of Theory",
  booktitle =	 "Topics in the Theory of Computation",
  series =	 "Annals of Discrete Mathematics",
  volume =	 24,
  publisher =	 elsevier,
  year =	 1985,
  pages =	 "21--37",
  note =	 "Selected papers of the International Conference on
                  Foundations of Computation Theory 1983",
}

@inproceedings{constable:tt-found-cs,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable",
  title =	 "Type Theory as a Foundation for Computer Science",
  booktitle =	 tacs # " 1991",
  address =	 "Sendai, Japan",
  year =	 1991,
  pages =	 "226--243",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 526,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@incollection{constable:types-logic-math-prog,
  author =	 "Robert L. Constable",
  title =	 "Types in Logic, Mathematics and Programming",
  booktitle =	 "Handbook of Proof Theory",
  editor =	 "Sam Buss",
  chapter =	 10,
  year =	 1998,
  publisher =	 "Elsevier Science",
}

@inproceedings{cook+:inherit-not-subtyping,
  author =	 "William R. Cook and Walter L. Hill and Peter
                  S. Canning",
  title =	 "Inheritance is not Subtyping",
  booktitle =	 o17 # " " # popl,
  pages =	 "125--135",
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1990,
  address =	 "San Francisco",
}

@TechReport{coq-manual,
  title =	 "The {Coq} Proof Assistant Reference Manual: Version 6.1",
  author =	 "Bruno Barras and Samuel Boutin and Cristina Cornes
                  and {Judica\"{e}l} Courant and Jean-Christophe
                  Filli\^{a}tre and Eduardo Gim\'{e}nez and Hugo
                  Herbelin and G\'{e}rard Huet and C\'{e}sar
                  {Mu\~{n}oz} and Chetan Murthy and Catherine Parent
                  and Christine Paulin-Mohring and Amokrane
                  {Sa\"{\i}bi} and Benjamin Werner",
  institution = "{INRIA-Rocquencourt, CNRS and ENS Lyon}",
  number = "RT-0203",
  year = "1997",

}

@article{coquand+:coc,
  author =	 "Thierry Coquand and G\'{e}rard Huet",
  title =	 "The Calculus of Constructions",
  journal =	 iandc,
  year =	 1988,
  volume =	 76,
  pages =	 "95--120",
}

@inproceedings{coquand:girard-paradox,
  author =	 "Thierry Coquand",
  title =	 "An Analysis of {G}irard's Paradox",
  booktitle =	 o1 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1986,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "227--236",
  address =	 cam-ma,
}

@incollection{coquand:investigate-coc,
  author =	 "Thierry Coquand",
  title =	 "Metamathematical Investigations of a Calculus of
                  Constructions",
  booktitle =	 "Logic and Computer Science",
  pages =	 "91--122",
  year =	 1990,
  series =	 "The {APIC} Series",
  volume =	 31,
  editor =	 "P. Odifreddi",
  publisher =	 academic,
}




@InProceedings{coquand+:inductively,
  author = 	 {Thierry Coquand and Christin Paulin-Mohring},
  title = 	 {Inductively Defined Types},
  booktitle = 	 {COLOG-88 International Conference on Computer Logic},
  pages =	 {50--66},
  year =	 1988,
  editor =	 {P. Martin-L\"{o}f and G. Mints},
  volume =	 417,
  series =	 lncs,
  address =	 {Tallinn, USSR},
  month =	 dec,
  publisher =	 springer
}

@Incollection{coquand:new-paradox,
  author =	 {Thierry Coquand},
  editor =	 {Dag Prawitz and Brian Skyrms and Dag Westerst\aa{}hl},
  booktitle = {Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science IX :
  Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Logic,
  Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Uppsala, Sweden, August
  7-14, 1991},
  title = 	 {A New Paradox in Type Theory},
  publisher = 	 elsevier,
  volume = 134,
  year = 	 1994,
  pages = "555--570",
  address =	 {Amsterdam},
  url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/coquand94new.html"
}

@InProceedings{coquand:conversion,
  author =		  {Thierry Coquand},
  editor =       {G\'{e}rard Huet and Gordon Plotkin},
  booktitle = 		  {Logical Frameworks},
  title = 	  {An Algorithm for Testing Conversion in Type Theory},
  publisher = 	  cambridge-press,
  year = 		  1991,
  pages =		  {255-277}
}

@inproceedings{crary+:capabilities,
  author =	 "Karl Crary and David Walker and Greg Morrisett",
  title =	 "Typed Memory Management in a Calculus of
                  Capabilities",
  year =	 1999,
  month =	 jan,
  booktitle =	 o26 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "San Antonio, Texas",
}

@techreport{crary+:datatypes,
  author =	 "Karl Crary and Robert Harper and Perry Cheng and
                  Leaf Petersen and Chris Stone",
  title =	 "Transparent and Opaque Interpretations of Datatypes",
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  month =	 nov,
  year =	 1998,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-98-177",
  memo =	 "Also published as Fox Memorandum CMU-CS-FOX-98-04.",
}


@techreport{crary+:lx-tr,
  author =	 "Karl Crary and Stephanie Weirich",
  title =	 "Flexible Type Analysis (Extended version)",
  year =	 1999,
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
}

@InProceedings{crary+:popcron,
  author =	 {Karl Crary and Stephanie Weirich},
  title =	 {Resource Bound Certification},
  booktitle =	 o27 # " " # popl,
  pages =	 {184--198},
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 "Boston, MA",
  month =	 jan
}

@inproceedings{crary+:recmod,
  author =	 "Karl Crary and Robert Harper and Sidd Puri",
  title =	 "What is a Recursive Module?",
  booktitle =	 1999 # " " # pldi,
  month =	 may,
  year =	 1999,
  address =	 "Atlanta",
  memo =	 "Also published as TR CMU-CS-98-168 and Fox
                  Memorandum CMU-CS-FOX-98-03.",
}

@inproceedings{crary:admissibility,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Admissibility of Fixpoint Induction over Partial
                  Types",
  booktitle =	 o15 # " " # cade,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 jul,
  address =	 "Lindau, Germany",
  pages =	 "270--285",
  publisher =	 springer,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1421,
  note =	 "Extended version published as CMU technical report
                  CMU-CS-98-164."
}

@techreport{crary:admissibility-tr,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Admissibility of Fixpoint Induction over Partial
                  Types",
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 oct,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-98-164",
}

@inproceedings{crary:ho-subtyping-impl,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Foundations for the Implementation of Higher-Order
                  Subtyping",
  booktitle =	 1997 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  pages =	 "125--135",
}

@manual{crary:kml96-manual,
  title =	 "{KML} Reference Manual",
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  year =	 1996,
  organization = cornell-cs,
}

@techreport{crary:orei,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Simple, Efficient Object Encoding using Intersection
                  Types",
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  year =	 1999,
  month =	 jan,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-99-100",
  memo =	 "Also published as Fox Memorandum CMU-CS-FOX-99-01",
}

@techreport{crary:orei-old,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Simple, Efficient Object Encoding using Intersection
                  Types",
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 apr,
  number =	 "TR98-1675",
}

@inproceedings{crary:param-sing,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "A Simple Proof Technique for Certain Parametricity
                  Results",
  booktitle =	 1999 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1999,
  month =	 sep,
  address =	 "Paris",
  pages =	 "82--89",
  memo =	 "Also published as CMU-CS-98-185 and Fox Memorandum
                  CMU-CS-FOX-98-06.",
}

@phdthesis{crary:phd,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Type-Theoretic Methodology for Practical Programming
                  Languages",
  month =	 aug,
  year =	 1998,
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@inproceedings{crary:tt-semant,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Programming Language Semantics in Foundational Type
                  Theory",
  booktitle =	 "International Conference on Programming Concepts and
                  Methods",
  year =	 1998,
  address =	 "Shelter Island, New York",
  publisher =	 chapman,
  note =	 "Extended version published as Cornell University
                  technical report TR98-1666.",
}

@techreport{crary:tt-semant-tr,
  author =	 "Karl Crary",
  title =	 "Programming Language Semantics in Foundational Type
                  Theory",
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 feb,
  number =	 "TR98-1666",
  address =	 ith-ny
}



@InProceedings{crary:subtyping,
  author = 	 {Karl Crary},
  title = 	 {Typed Compilation of Inclusive Subtyping},
  booktitle = 	 {International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP '00)},
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 {Montreal, CA},
  month =	 sep
}

@inproceedings{curien+:coherence,
  author =	 "Pierre-Louis Curien and Giorgio Ghelli",
  title =	 "Coherence of Subsumption",
  booktitle =	 "Fifteenth Colloquium on Trees in Algebra and
                  Programming",
  publisher =	 springer,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 431,
  year =	 1990,
  pages =	 "132--146",
}

@article{curien+:confluent-subs,
  author =	 "Pierre-Louis Curien and Th\'{e}r\`{e}se Hardin and
                  Jean-Jacques L\'{e}vy",
  title =	 "Confluence Properties of Weak and Strong Calculi of
                  Explicit Substitutions",
  journal =	 jacm,
  month =	 mar,
  year =	 1996,
  volume =	 43,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 "362--397",
}

@Book{curry-feys,
  author =		  {Haskell Curry and Robert Feys},
  title = 		  { Combinatory Logic I},
  publisher = 	  { North-Holland},
  year = 		  1958
}

@inproceedings{czajkowki98:_jres,
  author =	 {Grzegorz Czajkowki and Thorsten von Eiken},
  title =	 {{JR}es: A Resource Accounting Interface for Java},
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the 1998 " # oopsla,
  pages =	 "21--35",
  year =	 1998,
  volume =	 33,
  number =	 10,
  series =	 {SIGPLAN Notices},
  month =	 oct
}

@inproceedings{czajkowski99database,
  author =	 {Grzegorz Czajkowski and Tobias Mayr and Praveen
                  Seshadri and Thorsten von Eicken},
  title =	 {Resource Control for Database Extensions},
  year =	 1999,
  booktitle =	 o5 # " " # "USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented
                  Technologies and Systems",
  month =	 may,
  address =	 {San Diego, California, USA}
}

%% D %%

@article{danvy+:control,
  author =	 "Olivier Danvy and Andrzej Filinski",
  title =	 "Representing control: a study of the {CPS}
                  transformation",
  journal =	 "Mathematical Structures in Computer Science",
  volume =	 2,
  number =	 4,
  month =	 dec,
  year =	 1992,
  pages =	 "361--391",
}

@inproceedings{ danvy96typedirected,
    author = "Olivier Danvy",
    title = "Type-Directed Partial Evaluation",
    booktitle = "{POPL}'96: The 23rd {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT}
    Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, St. Petersburg,
    Florida, January 1996",
    pages = "242--257",
    year = "1996",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/danvy96typedirected.html"
}

@inproceedings{davies+:modal-logic-comp,
  author =	 "Rowan Davies and Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "A Modal Analysis of Staged Computation",
  booktitle =	 o23 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "258--270",
}

 
@Article{pfenning+:judgmental-reconstruct,
  author = 		  {Frank Pfenning and Rowan Davies.},
  title = 		  {A Judgmental Reconstruction of Modal Logic},
  journal = 	  {Mathematical Structures in Computer Science},
  year = 		  2001,
  volume =		  11,
  number =		  4,
  pages =		  {511--540},
  month =		  aug
}

@inproceedings{davies:temporal-logic-comp,
  author =	 "Rowan Davies",
  title =	 "A Temporal-Logic Approach to Binding-Time Analysis",
  booktitle =	 o11 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "184--195",
}

@incollection{debruijn:automath-survey,
  author =	 "Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn",
  title =	 "A Survey of the Project {Automath}",
  booktitle =	 "To {H.B.} {Curry}: Essays on Combinatory Logic,
                  Lambda-Calculus and Formalism",
  editor =	 "J. Roger Seldin and Jonathan R. Hindley",
  pages =	 "579--606",
  publisher =	 "Academic Press",
  year =	 1980,
}

@article{debruijn:dummies,
  author =	 "Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn",
  title =	 "Lambda-Calculus Notation with Nameless Dummies: a
                  Tool for Automatic Formula Manipulation with
                  Application to the {Church-Rosser} Theorem",
  journal =	 "Indagationes Mathematicae",
  volume =	 34,
  number =	 5,
  year =	 1972,
  pages =	 "381--392",
}



@Book{des-rivieres:MOP,
  author =		  {Gregor Kiczales and Jim des Rivieres and Daniel Bobrow},
  title = 		  {The Art of the Meta-Object Protocol},
  publisher = 	  mit-press,
  year = 		  1991
}


@InProceedings{des-rivieres+:implementation-reflective,
  author = 		  {Jim des Rivieres and Brian Cantwell Smith},
  title = 		  {The implementation of procedurally reflective languages},
  booktitle = 	  {Conference Record of the 1984 ACM Symposium on LISP and Functional Programming},
  pages =		  {331--347},
  year =			  1984,
  address =		  {Austin, Texas},
    publisher = "ACM Press"
}

@inproceedings{demers+:reflection-survey,
  author = 		  {Francois-Nicola Demers and Jacques Malenfant},
  title = 		  {Reflection and logic, functional and object-oriented programming:
                  a Short Comparative Study},
  booktitle =    {{IJCAI '95} Workshop on Reflection and Metalevel Architectures
                 and their Applications in AI},
  pages =        {29--38},
  year =         1995,
  month =        aug,
  url = 		  {citeseer.nj.nec.com/106401.html}
 }

@Article{despeyroux+:functional,
  author = 	 {{Jo\"{e}lle} Despeyroux and Pierre Leleu },
  title = 	 {Recursion over Objects of Functional Type},
  journal = 	 {Mathematical Structures in Computer Science},
  year = 	 {2001},
  volume =      11,
  pages =        "555-572",
  publisher =    cambridge-press
}

@InProceedings{despeyroux+:functional-preprint,
  author = 	 {{Jo\"{e}lle} Despeyroux and Pierre Leleu },
  title = 	 {Recursion over Objects of Functional Type},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the Types Working Group Meeting at Kloster Irsee, 1998},
  year =	 1999,
  number =	 1657,
  series =	 lncs,
  address =	 {Berlin},
  publisher =	 springer
}


@InProceedings{despeyroux+:modal,
  author = 	 {{Jo\"{e}lle} Despeyroux and Pierre Leleu },
  title = 	 {A modal lambda-calculus with iteration and case constructs},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the Types Working Group Meeting at Kloster Irsee, 1998},
  year =	 1999,
  number =	 1657,
  series =	 lncs,
  address =	 berlin,
  publisher =	 springer
}

@inproceedings{despeyroux+:ho-recursion,
  author =	 "{Jo\"{e}lle} Despeyroux and Frank Pfenning and
                    {Carsten Sch\"{u}rmann}",
  title =	 "Primitive Recursion for Higher-Order Abstract
                  Syntax",
  booktitle =	 o3 # " " # tlca,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 apr,
  address =	 "Nancy, France",
  pages =	 "147--163",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1210,
  publisher =	 springer,
  annote =	 "Extended version published as CMU technical report
                  CMU-CS-96-172.",
}

@inproceedings{dimock+:flow-transforms,
  title =	 "Strongly Typed Flow-Directed Representation
                  Transformations",
  author =	 "Allyn Dimock and Robert Muller and Franklyn Turbak
                  and J.~B.~Wells",
  booktitle =	 1997 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  pages =	 "11--24",
}

@InCollection{dobson91,
  author =	 {John E. Dobson},
  title =	 {Information and Denial of Service},
  booktitle =	 {Database Security V: Status and Prospects},
  series =	 {IFIP Transactions},
  volume =	 {A-6},
  pages =	 {21--46},
  year =	 1991
}

@inproceedings{dubois+:extensional-poly,
  author =	 "Catherine Dubois and Fran\c{c}ois Rouaix and Pierre
                  Weis",
  title =	 "Extensional Polymorphism",
  booktitle =	 o22 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "San Francisco",
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1995,
  pages =	 "118--129",
}

@inproceedings{duggan:marshalling,
  author =	 "Dominic Duggan",
  title =	 "A Type-Based Semantics for User-Defined Marshalling
                  in Polymorphic Languages",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # tic,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 mar,
}

@InProceedings{duggan:tmal,
  author = 	 {Dominic Duggan},
  title = 	 {Sharing in Typed Module Assembly Language},
  booktitle = 	 {Types in Compilation : Third International Workshop, {TIC} 2000 Montreal;
 Canada, September 21, 2000; Revised Selected Papers},
  year =	 2001,
  editor =	 {R. Harper},
  pages =        {85--116},
  volume =	 2071,
  series =	 lncs,
  address =	 {Berlin},
  publisher =	 {Springer}
}

@book{dummett:intuitionism,
  author =	 "Michael Dummett",
  title =	 "Elements of Intuitionism",
  publisher =	 "Clarendon Press",
  year =	 1977,
  series =	 "Oxford Logic Guides",
}


@InCollection{dybjer:inductive,
  author = 	 {Peter Dybjer},
  title = 	 {Inductive sets and families in {M}artin-{L}\"of's 
                  type theory and their set-theoretic semantics},
  booktitle = 	 {Logical Frameworks},
  pages =	 {280--306},
  year =	 1991,
  editor =	 {Gerard Huet and Gordon
     Plotkin},
  publisher =	 {Prentice Hall}
}

%% E %%

@incollection{eifrig+:constrained-types,
  author =	 "J. Eifrig and S. Smith and V. Trifonov",
  title =	 "Type Inference for Recursively Constrained Types and
                  its Application to {OOP}",
  booktitle =	 mfps,
  publisher =	 elsevier,
  series =	 "Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science",
  volume =	 1,
  year =	 1995,
}

@BOOKLET{ELF,
  AUTHOR = {{T}ool {I}nterface {S}tandards {C}ommittee},
  TITLE = {{E}xecutable and {L}inking {F}ormat ({ELF}) Specification},
  MONTH = {May},
  YEAR = {1995},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {\url{http://x86.ddj.com/ftp/manuals/tools/elf.pdf}}
}


@InProceedings{engblom98optimize,
  author =	 {Jakob Engblom and Andreas Ermedahl and Peter
                  Altenbernd},
  title =	 {Facilitating worst-case execution time analysis of
                  optimized code},
  booktitle =	 {Proceedings of the 10th EuroMicro Workshop on
                  Real-Time Systems},
  year =	 1998,
  address =	 {Berlin, Germany},
  month =	 jun
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{EnglerKO95,
  TITLE = {{E}xokernel: an operating system architecture for application-level
           resource management},
  AUTHOR = {Dawson R. Engler and M. Frans Kaashoek and James {O'Toole Jr.}},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 15th {ACM} {S}ymposium on {O}perating
               {S}ystems {P}rinciples},
  YEAR = {1995},
  MONTH = {December},
  ADDRESS = {Copper Mountain Resort, Colorado},
  PAGES = {251--266},
  URL = {http://www.pdos.lcs.mit.edu/papers/exokernel-sosp95.ps}
}



@InProceedings{erlingsson99sasi,
  author =	 {\'{U}lfar Erlingsson and Fred B. Schneider},
  title =	 {{SASI} Enforcement of Security Policies: A
                  Retrospective},
  booktitle =	 {Proceedings of the 1999 New Security Paradigms
                  Workshop},
  year =	 1999,
  address =	 {Caledon Hills, Ontario, Canada},
  month =	 sep
}

%% F %%

@Article{feferman62,
  author = 		  {Solomon Feferman},
  title = 		  { Transfinite Recursive Progressions of Axiomatic Theories.},
  journal = 	  { Journal of Symbolic Logic},
  year = 		  1962,
  volume =		  27,
  number =		  3,
  pages =		  {259--316},
  month =		  sep
}

@inproceedings{ fegaras+:outer-space,
    author = "Leonidas Fegaras and Tim Sheard",
    title = "Revisiting Catamorphisms over Datatypes with Embedded Functions (or, Programs from Outer Space)",
booktitle = o23 # popl,
 address = {St.~Petersburg Beach, {FL},{USA}},
   pages = "284--294",
    year = 1996,
    annote =	 {Also: OGI Technical Report 95/014},
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/article/fegaras96revisiting.html" }

%    publisher = "ACM Press",
%    address = "New York",
%    booktitle = "Conf.\ Record 23rd {ACM} {SIGPLAN}/{SIGACT} Symp.\ 
%         on Principles of Programming Languages, {POPL}'96, 
%         St.~Petersburg Beach, {FL}, {USA}, 21--24 Jan.\ 1996",


@InCollection{ferdinand98cache,
  author =	 {Christian Ferdinand and Reinhard Wilhelm},
  title =	 {On predicting Data Cache Behavior for Real-Time
                  systems},
  booktitle =	 lctes,
  pages =	 "16--30",
  publisher =	 springer,
  year =	 1998,
  editor =	 {Frank Muller and Azer Bestarvros},
  volume =	 1474,
  series =	 lncs,
  month =	 jun
}

@phdthesis{filinski:phd,
  author =	 "Andrzej Filinski",
  title =	 "Controlling Effects",
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 may,
  school =	 cmu-cs,
  address =	 pgh-pa,
}

@inproceedings{fischer:cps,
  author =	 "M.J. Fischer",
  title =	 "Lambda calculus schemata",
  booktitle =	 "ACM Conference on Proving Assertions About Programs,
                  SIGPLAN Notices 7(1)",
  year =	 1972,
  pages =	 "104--109",
}


@inproceedings{flatt+:units,
  author =	 "Matthew Flatt and Matthias Felleisen",
  title =	 "Units: Cool Modules for {HOT} Languages",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # pldi,
  pages =	 "236--248",
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Montreal, Canada",
}



@InProceedings{freeman91refinement,
  author = 	 {Tim Freeman and Frank Pfenning},
  title = 	 {Refinement Types for {ML}},
  booktitle = 	 1991 # " " # pldi,
  pages =	 {268--277},
  year =	 1991,
  address =	 {Toronto, Canada},
  month =	 jun
}

@InBook{friedman:equality,
  author =		  {H. Friedman},
  editor =		  {R. Parikh},
  chapter = 		  {Equality between functionals},
  title = 	  {Logic Colloquium},
  publisher = 	  {Springer-Verlag},
  year = 		  1975,
  address =		  {Berlin},
  pages =		  {22--37}
}

%% G %%

@Article{PittsAM:newaas-jv,
  author =	 {M. J. Gabbay and A. M. Pitts},
  title =	 {A New Approach to Abstract Syntax with Variable
                  Binding},
  journal =	 {Formal Aspects of Computing},
  year =	 2001,
  volume =	 13,
  pages =	 {341--363}
}


@incollection{gallier:candidates-of-reducibility,
  author =	 "Jean H. Gallier",
  title =	 "On {Girard's} ``{Candidats} de {Reductibilit{\'{e}}}''",
  booktitle =	 "Logic and Computer Science",
  pages =	 "123--203",
  year =	 1990,
  series =	 "The {APIC} Series",
  volume =	 31,
  editor =	 "P. Odifreddi",
  publisher =	 academic,
}

@InProceedings{gapayev+:regular-object-types,
  author = 	 {Vladimir Gapeyev and Benjamin Pierce},
  title = 	 {Regular Object Types},
  booktitle = 	 {Proc. 10th International Workshops on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages, FOOL '03},
  year =	 2003,
  address =	 {New Orleans, LA, USA},
  month =	 jan
}

@InCollection{gandy:turing-proof,
  author =		  {Robin O. Gandy},
  editor =	 "J. Roger Seldin and Jonathan R. Hindley",
  title = 		  { An Early Proof of Normalization by {A.M. Turing}},
  booktitle = 	  {  Introduction to Combinators and $\lambda$-Calculus },
  publisher = 	  cambridge-press,
  year = 		  1986,
  series =		  {London Mathematical Society Student Texts},
  address =		  {Cambridge},
  pages =		  {453--455 }
}

@InProceedings{garrigue:poly-variants,
  author = 	 {J. Garrigue},
  title = 	 {Programming with polymorphic variants},
  booktitle = 	 {ML Workshop},
  url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/garrigue98programming.html",
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 sep
}


@inproceedings{gifford+:effects,
title = "Integrating functional and imperative programming",
author = "D. K. Gifford and J. M. Lucassen",
booktitle = "{ACM} Conference on {Lisp} and Functional Programming",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
month = aug,
year = 1986
}


@article{ghelli:fsub-divergence,
  author =	 "Giorgio Ghelli",
  title =	 "Divergence of {$F_{\leq}$} type checking",
  journal =	 "Theoretical Computer Science",
  volume =	 139,
  number =	 "1,2",
  pages =	 "131--162",
  year =	 1995,
}

@phdthesis{ghelli:phd,
  author =	 "Giorgio Ghelli",
  title =	 "Proof Theoretic Studies about a Minimal Type System
                  Integrating Inclusion and Parametric Polymorphism",
  school =	 "Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\`{a} di Pisa",
  year =	 1990,
  month =	 mar,
}

@book{girard+:proofs-and-types,
  author =	 "Jean-Yves Girard and Yves Lafont and Paul Taylor",
  title =	 "Proofs and Types",
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
  year =	 1988,
}

@inproceedings{girard:cut-elimination,
  author =	 "Jean-Yves Girard",
  title =	 "Une extension de l'interpr\'{e}tation de {G\"{o}del}
                  \`{a} l'analyse, et son application \`{a}
                  l'\'{e}limination de coupures dans l'analyse et la
                  th\'{e}orie des types",
  editor =	 "J. E. Fenstad",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the Second Scandinavian Logic
                  Symposium",
  pages =	 "63--92",
  year =	 1971,
  publisher =	 "North-Holland Publishing Co.",
}

@article{girard:linear,
  title =	 "Linear Logic",
  author =	 "Jean-Yves Girard",
  journal =	 "Theoretical Computer Science",
  year =	 1987,
  volume =	 50,
  pages =	 "1--102",
}

@phdthesis{girard:phd,
  author =	 "Jean-Yves Girard",
  title =	 "Interpr\'{e}tation fonctionelle et \'{e}limination
                  des coupures de l'arithm\'{e}tique d'ordre
                  sup\'{e}rieur",
  school =	 "Universit\'{e} Paris VII",
  year =	 1972,
}



@InProceedings{glew:branded,
  author = 		  {Neal Glew},
  title = 		  {Type Dispatch for Named Hierarchical Types},
  booktitle =	  1999 # " " # icfp,
  pages =		  {172--182},
  year =			  1999,
  address =		  {Paris, France},
  month =		  sep
}

@inproceedings{glew+:linking,
  author =	 "Neal Glew and Greg Morrisett",
  title =	 "Type-Safe Linking and Modular Assembly Language",
  year =	 1999,
  booktitle =	 o26 # " " # popl,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 {San Antonio, TX},
  pages =	 {250--261}
}

@Article{gligor84:os,
  author =	 {Virgil D. Gligor},
  title =	 {A Note on Denial-of-Service in Operating Systems},
  journal =	 {IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
  year =	 1984,
  volume =	 10,
  number =	 3,
  pages =	 {320--324}
}

@inproceedings{gligor86:_denial_servic_comput_networ,
  author =	 {Virgil D. Gligor},
  title =	 {On Denial-of-Service in Computer Networks},
  booktitle =	 {Proceedings of the Second International Conference
                  on Data Engineering, February 5-7, 1986, Los
                  Angeles, California, USA},
  publisher =	 {IEEE Computer Society},
  year =	 1986,
  isbn =	 {0-8186-0655-X},
  pages =	 {608-617},
  crossref =	 {DBLP:conf/icde/86},
  bibsource =	 {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@Article{godel:incompleteness,
  author = 		  {Kurt Godel},
  title = 		  {\"{U}ber formal unentschiedbare S\"atze der 
                     Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme, {I}},
  journal = 	  {Monatshefte f\"ur Mathematik und Physik},
  year = 		  1931,
  volume =		  38,
  pages =		  {173--98}
}

@InProceedings{godfrey98:_secur_portab_datab_exten,
  author =	 {M. Godfrey and T. Mayr and P. Seshadri and T. von
                  Eiken},
  title =	 {Secure and Portable Database Extensibility},
  booktitle =	 sigmod,
  year =	 1998,
  volume =	 27,
  number =	 2,
  series =	 {SIGMOD Record},
  month =	 jun
}

@book{gordon+:hol,
  author =	 "Michael J. C. Gordon and Tom F. Melham",
  title =	 "Introduction to {HOL}: A Theorem Proving Environment
                  for Higher-Order Logic",
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
  year =	 1993,
}

@inproceedings{gordon+:imperative-objs,
  author =	 "Andrew D. Gordon and Paul D. Hankin and {S\o ren}
                  B. Lassen",
  title =	 "Compilation and Equivalence of Imperative Objects",
  booktitle =	 "Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
                  Computer Science",
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 dec,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1346,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@book{gordon+:lcf,
  author =	 "Michael J. Gordon and Arthur J. Milner and
                  Christopher P. Wadsworth",
  title =	 "Edinburgh {LCF}: A Mechanised Logic of Computation",
  publisher =	 springer,
  series =	 lncs,
  year =	 1979,
  volume =	 78,
}

@book{gosling+:java,
  author =	 "James Gosling and Bill Joy and Guy Steele",
  title =	 "The {Java} Language Specification",
  publisher =	 addison,
  year =	 1996,
}

@inproceedings{gougen+:datatypes,
   author = "J. A. Goguen and J. W. Thatcher and E. G. Wagner",
   title = "An initial algebra approach to the specification, 
             correctness and implementation of abstract data types.",
   editor = "R. T. Yeh",
   booktitle = "Current Trends in Programming Methodology IV: 
              Data Structuring",
   pages = "80--144",
   publisher = "Prentice Hall",
   year = 1978
} 




@InProceedings{green:java-reflection,
  author =		  {Dale Green},
  editor =		  {Mary Campione and Kathy Walrath and  Alison Huml and Tutorial Team},
  booktitle = 		  {The Java Tutorial Continued: The Rest of the JDK(TM) },
  title = 	  {Trail: The Reflection {API}},
  publisher = 	  {Addison-Wesley Pub Co},
  year = 		  1998,
  note =			  {\url{http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/reflect/index.html}}
}

@Article{grossman:sta,
  author = 		  {Dan Grossman and Greg Morrisett and Steve Zdancewic},
  title = 		  {Syntactic Type Abstraction},
  journal = 	  toplas,
  year = 		  2000,
  volume =		  22,
  number =		  6,
  pages =		  {1037--1080},
  month =		  nov
}

@InProceedings{grossman+:tic,
  author =	 {Dan Grossman and Greg Morrisett},
  title =	 {Scalable Certification of Native Code: Experience
                  from Compiling to TALx86},
  booktitle = 	 "Preliminary Proceedings of the Third " # tic,
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 {Montreal, CA},
  month =	 sep,
  note =	 {Extended version published as Cornell University Computer Science technical 
report TR2000-1783}
}

@TechReport{grossman00,
  author =	 {Dan Grossman and Greg Morrisett},
  title =	 {Scalable Certification of Native Code: Experience
                  from Compiling to TALx86},
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 2000,
  number =	 {TR2000-1783},
  month =	 feb
}


@book{gunter+:theoretical-oop,
  editor =	 "Carl A. Gunter and John C. Mitchell",
  title =	 "Theoretical Aspects of Object-Oriented Programming",
  publisher =	 mit-press,
  year =	 1994,
  address =	 cam-ma
}

%% H %%

@article{ hall96type,
    author = "Cordelia V. Hall and Kevin Hammond and Simon L. {Peyton Jones} and Philip L. Wadler",
    title = "Type Classes in {H}askell",
    journal = "ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems",
    volume = "18",
    number = "2",
    month = mar,
    publisher = "ACM Press",
    pages = "109--138",
    year = "1996"
}
#    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/article/hall96type.html" 



@TechReport{harrison:survey,
  author =		  {John Harrison},
  title =		  {Metatheory and Reflection in Theorem Proving: A Survey and 
                  Critique},
  institution =  {SRI},
  number =		  {CRC-053},
  month =		  feb,
  year =			  1995
}

@inproceedings{harper+:cps,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Mark Lillibridge",
  title =	 "Explicit Polymorphism and {CPS} Conversion",
  booktitle =	 o20 # " " # popl,
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1993,
  pages =	 "206--219",
}

@inproceedings{harper+:ita,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Greg Morrisett",
  title =	 "Compiling Polymorphism Using Intensional Type
                  Analysis",
  pages =	 "130--141",
  booktitle =	 o22 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "San Francisco",
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1995,
}

@article{harper+:lf,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Furio Honsell and Gordon Plotkin",
  title =	 "A Framework for Defining Logics",
  journal =	 jacm,
  volume =	 40,
  number =	 1,
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 93,
  pages =	 "143--184",
}

@inproceedings{harper+:phase,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and John C. Mitchell and Eugenio
                  Moggi",
  title =	 "Higher-Order Modules and the Phase Distinction",
  booktitle =	 o17 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "San Francisco",
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1990,
  pages =	 "341--354"
}

@inproceedings{harper+:translucent,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Mark Lillibridge",
  title =	 "A Type-Theoretic Approach to Higher-Order Modules
                  with Sharing",
  booktitle =	 o21 # " " # popl,
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1994,
  address =	 "Portland, Oregon",
  pages =	 "123--137",
}

@incollection{harper+:tt-interp-sml,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Chris Stone",
  title =	 "A Type-Theoretic Interpretation of {Standard} {ML}",
  booktitle =	 "Proof, Language and Interaction: Essays in Honour of
                  Robin Milner",
  year =	 1998,
  publisher =	 mit-press,
  note =	 "Extended version published as CMU technical report
                  CMU-CS-97-147.",
}

@techreport{harper+:tt-interp-sml-tr,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Chris Stone",
  title =	 "An Interpretation of {Standard} {ML} in Type Theory",
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jun,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-97-147",
}

@article{harper+:type-structure-sml,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and John C. Mitchell",
  title =	 "On the Type Structure of {Standard ML}",
  journal =	 toplas,
  year =	 1993,
  volume =	 15,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 "211--252",
  month =	 apr,
}

@article{harper+:typecheck-univ,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Robert Pollack",
  title =	 "Type Checking with Universes",
  journal =	 tcs,
  volume =	 89,
  year =	 1991,
  pages =	 "107--136",
}

@inproceedings{harper+:typical-ambiguity,
  author =	 "Robert Harper and Robert Pollack",
  title =	 "Type Checking, Universe Polymorphism, and Typical
                  Ambiguity in the Calculus of Constructions",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
                  Theory and Practice of Software Development",
  address =	 "Barcelona",
  year =	 1989,
  month =	 mar,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 352,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@article{harper:types-over-op-semant,
  author =	 "Robert Harper",
  title =	 "Constructing Type Systems over an Operational
                  Semantics",
  journal =	 "Journal of Symbolic Computation",
  year =	 1992,
  volume =	 14,
  pages =	 "71--84",
}



@inproceedings{harper:tdtt,
  author = "Daniel R. Licata and Robert Harper",
  title  = "2-Dimensional {Directed} {Type} {Theory}",
  year   = 2011, 
  booktitle = "MFPS XXVII: Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics"
}


@Unpublished{harper:notes,
  author = 	 {Robert Harper},
  title = 	 {Programming Languages: Theory and Practice},
  note = 	 {Unpublished, draft available at \url{http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rwh/plbook/}},
  year =	 2001
}



@Article{hosoya+:xduce,
  author = 	 {Haruo Hosoya and Benjamin C. Pierce},
  title = 	 {Regular expression pattern matching for {XML}},
  journal = 	 jfp,
  year = 	 2002,
  volume =	 13,
  number =	 4
}

@TechReport{peterson+:tilt,
  author = 		  {Leaf Petersen and Perry Cheng and Robert Harper and Chris Stone},
  title = 		  {Implementing the {TILT} Internal Language},
  institution =  { Carnegie Mellon University Computer Science},
  year = 		  2000,
  number =		  {CMU-CS-00-180},
  month =		  dec
}

@unpublished{hickey:tt-obj-semant,
  author =	 "Jason J. Hickey",
  title =	 "A Semantics of Objects in Type Theory",
  note =	 "Unpublished manuscript",
  year =	 1997,
}

@inproceedings{hickey:very-dependent-type,
  author =	 "Jason J. Hickey",
  title =	 "Formal Objects in Type Theory Using Very Dependent
                  Types",
  booktitle =	 "Foundations of Object Oriented Languages 3",
  year =	 1996,
}



@Article{hinze:polytypic-journal,
  author = 		  {Ralf Hinze},
  title = 		  {Polytypic values possess polykinded types},
  journal = 	  {Science of Computer Programming},
  year = 		  2002,
  volume =		  43,
  number =       {2--3},
  pages =		  {129--159},
  note =			  {MPC Special Issue}
}

@InProceedings{hinze:polytypic,
  author = 	 {Ralf Hinze},
  title = 	 {Polytypic values possess polykinded types},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the Fifth
     International Conference on Mathematics of Program Construction (MPC 2000)},
  year =	 2000,
  editor =	 {Roland Backhouse and J.N. Oliveira},
  address =	 {Ponte de Lima, Portugal},
  month =	 jul,
  pages = "2--27"
}

@Incollection{hinze+:derivable,
  author = 	 {Ralf Hinze and Simon {Peyton Jones}},
  title = 	 {Derivable Type Classes},
  booktitle = 	 { Proceedings of the Fourth {H}askell Workshop, Montreal,
     Canada, September 17, 2000},
  year =	 2000,
  editor =	 {Graham Hutton},
  series = { Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science},
  publisher = { Elsevier Science},
  volume = {41.1},
  month = aug,
  annotation = {no page number.}
}


@InProceedings{hinze+:type-indexed-datatypes,
  author = 		  {Ralf Hinze and Johan Jeuring and Andres L\"oh},
  title = 		  {Type-indexed data types},
  booktitle = 	  {Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Mathematics 
                  of Program Construction (MPC 2002)},
  year =			  2002,
  editor =		  {Eerke Boiten, Bernhard M\"oller},
  address =		  { Dagstuhl, Germany },
  month =		  jul,
  pages =        {148--174}
}


@article{luo:coercions,
  author    = {Zhaohui Luo},
  title     = {Coercions in a polymorphic type system},
  journal   = {Mathematical Structures in Computer Science},
  volume    = {18},
  number    = {4},
  year      = {2008},
  pages     = {729-751},
  ee        = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0960129508006804},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@inproceedings{chakravarty+:accelerate,
 author = {Chakravarty, Manuel M.T. and Keller, Gabriele and Lee, Sean and McDonell, Trevor L. and Grover, Vinod},
 title = {Accelerating {Haskell} array codes with multicore {GPU}s},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the sixth workshop on {Declarative} {Aspects} of {Multicore} {Programming}},
 series = {DAMP '11},
 year = {2011},
 isbn = {978-1-4503-0486-3},
 location = {Austin, Texas, USA},
 pages = {3--14},
 numpages = {12},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {arrays, data parallelism, dynamic compilation, gpgpu, haskell, skeletons},
} 



@article{henglein:coercions,
 author = {Henglein, Fritz},
 title = {Dynamic typing: syntax and proof theory},
 journal = {Sci. Comput. Program.},
 volume = {22},
 issue = {3},
 month = {June},
 year = {1994},
 issn = {0167-6423},
 pages = {197--230},
 numpages = {34},
 publisher = {Elsevier North-Holland, Inc.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
} 


@INPROCEEDINGS{HicksMN01a,
  AUTHOR = {Michael Hicks and Jonathan T. Moore and Scott Nettles},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the {ACM SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming 
Language Design and Implementation},
  TITLE = {Dynamic Software Updating},
  MONTH = {June},
  YEAR = 2001,
  PAGES = {13--23},
  PUBLISHER = {{ACM}},
  ABSTRACT = {
Many important applications must run continuously and without interruption,
yet must be changed to fix bugs or upgrade functionality.  No
prior general-purpose methodology for dynamic updating achieves a practical
balance between flexibility, robustness, low overhead, and ease of use.

We present a new approach for C-like languages that provides type-safe
dynamic updating of native code in an extremely flexible manner (code, data,
and types may be updated, at programmer-determined times) and permits the
use of automated tools to aid the programmer in the updating process.  Our
system is based on \emph{dynamic patches} that both contain the updated code
and the code needed to transition from the old version to the new.  A novel
aspect of our patches is that they consist of \emph{verifiable native code}
(\emph{e.g.} Proof-Carrying Code~\cite{necula:pcc} or Typed Assembly
Language~\cite{morrisett+:tal}), which is native code accompanied by
annotations that allow on-line verification of the code's safety.  We
discuss how patches are generated mostly automatically, how they are applied
using dynamic-linking technology, and how code is compiled to make it
updateable.

To concretely illustrate our system, we have implemented a
dynamically-updateable web server, FlashEd.  We discuss our experience
building and maintaining FlashEd.  Performance experiments show that for
FlashEd, the overhead due to updating is typically less than 1 percent.
},
  URL = {http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~mwh/papers/dyn_update.ps}
}


@PHDTHESIS{Hicks01,
  AUTHOR = {Michael Hicks},
  TITLE = {Dynamic Software Updating},
  YEAR = 2001,
  MONTH = {August},
  SCHOOL = {Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania},
  URL = {http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~mwh/papers/thesis.pdf}
}


@InProceedings{hicks98:_plan,
  author =	 {M. Hicks and P. Kakkar and J. Moore and C. Gunter
                  and S. Nettles},
  title =	 {{PLAN:} A Programming Language for Active Networks},
  booktitle =	 o3 # " " # icfp,
  pages =	 "86--93",
  year =	 1998
}

@article{hoffman+:unifying-objects,
  author =	 "Martin Hofmann and Benjamin Pierce",
  title =	 "A Unifying Type-Theoretic Framework for Objects",
  journal =	 jfp,
  year =	 1995,
  month =	 oct,
  volume =	 5,
  number =	 4,
  pages =	 "593--635"
}

@InProceedings{hofmann00esop,
  author =	 {Martin Hofmann},
  title =	 {A Type System for Bounded Space and Functional
                  in-place update},
  booktitle =	 esop,
  year =	 2000
}

@InProceedings{hofmann99lics,
  author =	 {Martin Hofmann},
  title =	 {Linear Types and non-size increasing polynomial
                  computation},
  booktitle =	 lics,
  year =	 1999,
  address =	 {Trento, Italy},
  month =	 jul
}

@MISC{HotJava,
  KEY = {hotjava},
  TITLE = {HotJava Browser},
  NOTE = {\url{http://java.sun.com/products/hotjava/index.html}}
}


@techreport{hook+:impred-strong-sum,
  author =	 "James G. Hook and Douglas J. Howe",
  title =	 "Impredicative Strong Existential Equivalent to
                  Type:Type",
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1986,
  month =	 jun,
  number =	 "TR 86-760",
}

@incollection{hook:understanding-russell,
  author =	 "James G. Hook",
  title =	 "Understanding {Russell}---A First Attempt",
  booktitle =	 "Semantics of Data Types",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 173,
  publisher =	 springer,
  year =	 1984,
}

@InProceedings{hornof99rtcg,
  author = 	 {Luc Hornof and Trevor Jim},
  title = 	 {Certifying compilation and run-time code generation},
  booktitle = 	 pepm,
  year =	 1999,
  month =	 jan
}

@incollection{howard:formulas-as-types,
  author =	 "W. Howard",
  title =	 "The Formulas-as-Types Notion of Construction",
  booktitle =	 "To {H.B.} {Curry}: Essays on Combinatory Logic,
                  Lambda-Calculus and Formalism",
  editor =	 "J. P. Seldin and J. R. Hindley",
  pages =	 "479--490",
  publisher =	 "Academic Press",
  year =	 1980,
}

@InBook{howard73logical,
  author = 		  {W. Howard},
  chapter = 		  {Hereditarily majorizable functionals},
  title = 	  {Mathematical Investigation of Intuistionistic Arithmetic and Analysis},
  year = 		  1973,
  number =		  {LNM},
  pages =		  {454--461},
 address =		  {Berlin},
  publisher =   {Springer}
}

@techreport{howe:embedding-hol-in-nuprl,
  author =	 "Douglas J. Howe",
  title =	 "Semantic Foundations for Embedding {HOL} in {Nuprl}",
  institution =	 "Bell Labs",
  year =	 1996,
}

@inproceedings{howe:girard-paradox,
  author =	 "Douglas J. Howe",
  title =	 "The Computational Behaviour of {G}irard's Paradox",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1987,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "205--214",
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@inproceedings{howe:squiggle-eq,
  author =	 "Douglas J. Howe",
  title =	 "Equality in Lazy Computation Systems",
  booktitle =	 o4 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1989,
}


@article{hudak+:haskell,
  author =	 "Paul Hudak and Simon {Peyton Jones} and Philip
                  Wadler",
  title =	 "Report on the Programming Language {Haskell},
                  version 1.2",
  journal =	 "SIGPLAN Notices",
  volume =	 27,
  number =	 5,
  year =	 1992,
  month =	 may,
}


@InProceedings{hughes96:_provin_correc_react_system_using_sized_types,
  author =	 {John Hughes and Lars Pareto and Amr Sabry},
  title =	 {Proving the Correctness of Reactive Systems Using
                  Sized Types},
  booktitle =	 o23 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1996,
  pages =	 "410--423",
  month =	 jan
}

@Manual{hugs,
  title = 		  {Hugs 98 : A functional programming system based on {H}askell 98 : User Manual},
  author =		  {Mark P Jones and Alastair Reid},
  organization = {Yale Haskell Group and Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology},
  note =			  {Available at \url{http://cvs.haskell.org/Hugs/downloads/hugs.pdf}},
  month = sep,
  year = 1999
}

@InProceedings{hurkens:paradox,
  author =       {Antonious J. C. Hurkens },
  title = 	 {A simplification of {Girard's} Paradox},
  year = 	 1995,
  booktitle =    "Second International Conference on Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications, TLCA '95",
  editor =	 {Mariangiola Dezani-Ciancaglini and Gordon Plotkin},
  volume =	 902,
  series =	 lncs,
  address =	 {Edinburgh, United Kingdom},
  month =	 apr,
  publisher =	 springer,
  pages = {266--278}
}

%% I %%
@techreport{igarashi:admissibility,
  author =	 "Shigeru Igarashi",
  title =	 "Admissibility of Fixed-Point Induction in
                  First-Order Logic of Typed Theories",
  institution =	 "Computer Science Department, Stanford University",
  year =	 1972,
  month =	 may,
  number =	 "AIM-168",
}
%% J %%
@manual{jackson:nuprl-manual,
  title =	 "The {N}uprl Proof Development System, Version 4.1",
  author =	 "Paul Jackson",
  organization = cornell-cs,
  webnote =	 "Available at
                  http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/Projects/NuPrl/html/nuprldocs.html",
  year =	 1994,
}

@phdthesis{jackson:phd,
  author =	 "Paul Bernard Jackson",
  title =	 "Enhancing the Nuprl Proof Development System and
                  Applying it to Computational Abstract Algebra",
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1995,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}


@PhdThesis{jansson:phd,
  author = 	 {Patrik Jansson},
  title = 	 {Functional Polytypic Programming},
  school = 	 {Chalmers University of Technology and Goteborg University},
  year = 	 2000
}

@InProceedings{jansson97polyp,
  author = 	 {Patrick Jansson and Johan Jeuring},
  title = 	 {{PolyP}---{A} Polytypic Programming Language Extension},
  booktitle = 	 o24 # " " # popl,
  pages =	 {470--482},
  year =	 1997,
  address =	 {Paris, France}
}

@InProceedings{janssonjeuringWGP00:rewriting,
  author =   {Jansson, Patrik and Jeuring, Johan},
  title =    {A Framework for Polytypic Programming on Terms, with
                  an Application to Rewriting},
  booktitle =    "Workshop on Generic Programming (WGP2000), 
                   Ponte de Lima, Portugal",
  publisher =    "Utrecht University",
  note =     "Technical Report UU-CS-2000-19",
  year =     2000
}


@InProceedings{jansson+:polytypic-compression,
  author = 		  {Patrik Jansson and Johan Jeuring},
  title = 		  {Polytypic Compact Printing and Parsing},
  booktitle = 	  esop,
  pages =		  {273-287},
  year =			  1999,
  volume =		  1576,
  series =		  lncs
}

@Article{jansson+:polytypic-unification,
  author = 		  {Patrik Jansson and Johan Jeuring},
  title = 		  {Functional Pearl: Polytypic Unification},
  journal = 	  jfp,
  year = 		  1998,
  volume =		  8,
  number =		  5,
  month =		  sep,
  pages = {527--536}
}

@article{jategaonkar+:ext-pattern-subtypes,
  author =	 "Lalita A. Jategaonkar and John C. Mitchell",
  title =	 "Type Inference with Extended Pattern Matching and
                  Subtypes",
  journal =	 "Fundamenta Informaticae",
  year =	 1993,
  volume =	 19,
  pages =	 "127--166",
  note =	 "{\it Preliminary version appeared in 1988 {ACM}
                  Conference on Lisp and Functional Programming}",
}



@Misc{JavaBeans,
  key =			  {JavaBeans},
  title =		  {{JavaBeans}: The Only Component for {Java} Technology},
  month =		  may,
  year =			  2002,
  note =			  {\url{http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/}}
}

@MISC{JavaClassloading96,
  KEY = {javaclass},
  TITLE = {Basics of Java class loaders},
  YEAR = {1996},
  NOTE = {\url{http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-10-1996/jw-10-indepth.html}}
}


@Article{jay+:fml,
  author = 	 {C. Barry Jay and Gianna Bell\`{e} and Eugenio Moggi},
  title = 	 {Functorial {ML} },
  journal = 	 jfp,
  year = 	 1998,
  volume =	 8,
  number =	 6,
  pages =	 {573--619},
  month =	 nov
}

@article{ jay95semantics,
    author = "C. Barry Jay",
    title = "A Semantics for Shape",
    journal = "Science of Computer Programming",
    volume = "25",
    number = "2--3",
    pages = "251--283",
    year = "1995",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/71598.html" }

@Article{jay:fish,
  author = 		  {C.B. Jay},
  title = 		  {Programming in {FISh} },
  journal = 	  {International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer},
  year = 		  1999,
  volume =		  2,
  pages =		  {307--315}
}

@unpublished{ jim99type,
    author = "Trevor Jim and Jens Palsberg",
    title = "Type inference in systems of recursive types with subtyping",
    year = "1999",
    note   = { Available at \url{citeseer.nj.nec.com/jim97type.html}}
}




@Article{johann:short-cut,
  author = 		  {Patricia Johann},
  title = 		  {A Generalization of Short-Cut Fution and its Correctness Proof},
  journal = 	  hosc,
  year = 		  2002,
  volume =		  15,
  pages =		  {273--300}
}

@techreport{jones:gofer-impl,
  author =	 "Mark P. Jones",
  title =	 "The Implementation of the {G}ofer Functional
                  Programming System",
  institution =	 yale-cs,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 may,
  type =	 "Research Report",
  number =	 "YALEU/DCS/RR-1030",
}


@phdthesis{jones:phd,
  author =	 "Mark P. Jones",
  title =	 "Qualified Types: Theory and Practice",
  school =	 "Oxford University Computing Laboratory",
  year =	 1992,
  month =	 jul,
}


@techreport{jones:qualified-type-coherence,
  author =	 "Mark P. Jones",
  title =	 "Coherence for Qualified Types",
  institution =	 yale-cs,
  year =	 1993,
  month =	 sep,
  type =	 "Research Report",
  number =	 "YALEU/DCS/RR-989",
}

@incollection{ jones:qualified-types,
    author = "Mark P. Jones",
    title = "A Theory of Qualified Types",
    booktitle = "{ESOP} '92, 4th European Symposium on Programming, Rennes, France, February 1992, Proceedings",
    volume = 582,
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
    address = "New York, N.Y.",
    editor = "Bernd Krieg-Bruckner",
    pages = "287--306",
    year = 1992,
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/jones92theory.html" }


@Article{jones:ho-poly,
  author = 	 {Mark P. Jones},
  title = 	 {A system of constructor classes: overloading 
                  and implicit higher-order polymorphism },
  journal = 	 jfp,
  year = 	 1995,
  volume =	 5,
  number =	 1,
  month =	 jan
}


@InProceedings{jones:fundeps,
  author = 		  {Mark P. Jones},
  title = 		  {Type Classes with Functional Dependencies},
  booktitle =	  {Proceedings of the 9th European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2000, Berlin, Germany},
  year =			  2000,
  number =		  1782,
  series =		  {LNCS},
  publisher =	  {Springer-Verlag}
}

@inproceedings{ jones97firstclass,
    author = "Mark P. Jones",
    title = "First-class Polymorphism with Type Inference",
    booktitle = "Conference Record of {POPL}~'97: The 24th {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages",
    month = "15--17",
    address = "Paris, France",
    pages = "483--496",
    year = "1997",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/451312.html" }


@inproceedings{jouvelot+:effects,
  author = "Pierre Jouvelot and D. K. Gifford",
  title = "Algebraic reconstruction of types and effects",
  booktitle = eighteenth # popl,
  year = 1991,
  month = jan,
  pages = "303--310"
}



@InProceedings{juering:polytypic-pattern,
  author = 		  {J. Jeuring},
  title = 		  { Polytypic pattern matching},
  booktitle = 	  "FPCA95: " # fpca,
  pages =		  {238--248},
  year =			  1995
}

%% K %%

@inproceedings{kamin:smalltalk-semantics,
  author =	 "Samuel Kamin",
  title =	 "Inheritance in {S}malltalk-80: A Denotational
                  Definition",
  booktitle =	 o15 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1988,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "80--87",
  address =	 "San Diego",
}

@Article{r5rs,
  author = 		  {Richard Kelsey and William Clinger and Jonathan Rees, editors},
  title = 		  { {Revised$^5$} Report on the Algorithmic Language {S}cheme },
  journal = 	  {Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation},
  year = 		  1998,
  volume =		  11,
  number =		  1,
  month =		  sep,
  pages =        {7--105}
}

@inproceedings{kennedy:dimensions,
  author =	 "Andrew J. Kennedy",
  title =	 "Relational Parametricity and Units of Measure",
  booktitle =	 o24 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Paris",
  pages =	 "442--455",
}

@InProceedings{kennedy+:c-sharp-generics,
  author = 		  {Andrew Kennedy and Don Syme},
  title = 		  {Design and Implementation of Generics for 
                   the {.NET} Common Language Runtime },
  booktitle =	  proc # 2001 # pldi,
  pages =		  {1--12},
  year =			  2001,
  address =		  {Snowbird, Utah, USA},
  month =		  jun
}



@Book{k&r,
  author =		  {Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie},
  title = 		  {The C Programming Language, Second Edition},
  publisher = 	  {Prentice Hall, Inc.},
  year = 		  1988
}

@inproceedings{kieburtz:taming-effects,
  author =	 "Richard B. Kieburtz",
  title =	 "Taming Effects with Monadic Typing",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 sep,
  address =	 "Baltimore",
  pages =	 "51--62",
}


@Incollection{kiczales:aop,
  author = 		  {Gregor Kiczales and John Lamping and Anurag Mendhekar and  
  Chris Maeda and
  Cristina Videira Lopes and Jean-Marc Loingtier and John Irwin},
  title = 		  {Aspect-Oriented Programming},
  booktitle = 	  { Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented
  Programming (ECOOP)},
  year =			  1997,
  volume =		  1241,
  series =		  lncs,
  month =		  jun,
  editor = "Mehmet Ak\c{s}it and Satoshi Matsuoka",
  pages = "220--242",
  publisher =	  {Springer-Verlag}
}

@InProceedings{kim99impacts,
  author =	 {Sung-Kwan Kim and Rhan Ha and Sang Lyul Min},
  title =	 {Analysis of the Impacts of Overestimation Sources on
                  the Accuracy of Worst Case Timing Analysis},
  booktitle =	 {IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium},
  pages =	 {22--31},
  year =	 1999,
  address =	 {Phoeniz, AZ},
  month =	 {December},
  organization = {IEEE Computer Society}
}

@inproceedings{kranz+:orbit,
  author =	 "David Kranz and R. Kelsey and J. Rees and
                  P. R. Hudak and J. Philbin and N. Adams",
  title =	 "{ORBIT}: An Optimizing Compiler for {S}cheme",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the {ACM SIGPLAN} '86 Symposium on
                  Compiler Construction",
  year =	 1986,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "219--233",
}

@techreport{kreitz:embedding,
  author =	 "Christoph Kreitz",
  title =	 "Formal Reasoning about Communications Systems {I}",
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1997,
}

@inproceedings{ krishnamurthi+:extensible-visitor,
    author = "Shriram Krishnamurthi and Matthias Felleisen and Daniel P. Friedman",
    title = "Synthesizing Object-Oriented and Functional Design to Promote Re-use",
    booktitle = "European Conference on Object Oriented Programming",
    pages = "91--113",
    year = "1998",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/krishnamurthi98synthesizing.html" }

@TechReport{Kozen98,
  author = 	 {Dexter Kozen},
  title = 	 {Efficient Code Certification},
  institution =  {Department of Computer Science, Cornell University},
  year = 	 1998,
  number =	 {98-1661},
  address =	 {Ithaca, NY 12853-7501},
  month =	 {January}
}

@inproceedings{ kozen93efficient,
    author = "Dexter Kozen and Jens Palsberg and Michael I. Schwartzbach",
    title = "Efficient Recursive Subtyping",
    booktitle = "Conference Record of the Twentieth Annual {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages",
    address = "Charleston, South Carolina",
    pages = "419--428",
    year = "1993",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/article/kozen95efficient.html" }


%% L %%



@TechReport{lampson:cedar,
  author = 		  {Butler Lampson},
  title = 		  {A description of the {C}edar language},
  institution =  {Xerox Palo Alto Research Center},
  year = 		  1983,
  number =		  {CSL-83-15}
}

@article{landin:closure,
  author =	 "P. J. Landin",
  title =	 "The mechanical evaluation of expressions",
  journal =	 "Computer J.",
  volume =	 6,
  number =	 4,
  pages =	 "308--320",
  year =	 1964,
}

@article{launchbury+:haskell-state,
  author =	 "John Launchbury and Simon {Peyton Jones}",
  title =	 "State in {Haskell}",
  journal =	 "Lisp and Symbolic Computation",
  volume =	 8,
  number =	 4,
  month =	 dec,
  year =	 1995,
  pages =	 "293--341",
}

@inproceedings{launchbury+:param-unbox,
  author =	 "John Launchbury and Ross Paterson",
  title =	 "Parametricity and Unboxing with Unpointed Types",
  booktitle =	 o6 # " " # esop,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 apr,
  address =	 "{Link\"{o}ping}, Sweden",
  pages =	 "204--218",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1058,
  publisher =	 springer,
}


@inproceedings{ lebotlan-remy:mlf-icfp,
  author = {Le Botlan, Didier  and Remy, Didier}, 
  title = "{MLF}: Raising {ML} to the Power of {S}ystem-{F}",
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Functional Programming ({ICFP} 2003), Uppsala, Sweden}, 
  year = {2003},
  publisher = {ACM Press},
  pages = {27--38},
  month = {aug},
  pdf= {http://pauillac.inria.fr/~remy/work/mlf/icfp.pdf},
  html= {http://pauillac.inria.fr/~remy/work/mlf/},
  url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/564799.html} 
}

@inproceedings{leroy:applicative-functors,
  author =	 "Xavier Leroy",
  title =	 "Applicative Functors and Fully Transparent
                  Higher-Order Modules",
  booktitle =	 o22 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1995,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "San Francisco",
}

@inproceedings{leroy:manifest,
  author =	 "Xavier Leroy",
  title =	 "Manifest Types, Modules and Separate Compilation",
  booktitle =	 o21 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Portland, Oregon",
  pages =	 "109--122",
}

@manual{leroy:ocaml-manual,
  title =	 "The {O}bjective {C}aml System, Release 1.00",
  author =	 "Xavier Leroy",
  year =	 1996,
  organization = inria,
  webnote =	 "Available at http://pauillac.inria.fr/ocaml",
}

@inproceedings{leroy:unbox,
  author =	 "Xavier Leroy",
  title =	 "Unboxed objects and polymorphic typing",
  booktitle =	 o19 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1992,
  pages =	 "177-188",
}

@inproceedings{leroy:unbox-effectiveness,
  author =	 "Xavier Leroy",
  title =	 "The Effectiveness of Type-Based Unboxing",
  booktitle =	 tic,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  organization = "{ACM SIGPLAN}",
  note =	 "Published as {B}oston {C}ollege Computer Science
                  Department Technical Report BCCS-97-03",
}



@Article{leroy+:exceptions,
  author = 	 {Xavier Leroy and F. Pessaux},
  title = 	 {Type-based analysis of uncaught exceptions},
  journal = 	 toplas,
  year = 	 2000,
  volume =	 22,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 {340--377}
}

@incollection{ leroy91dynamics,
    author = "Xavier Leroy and Michel Mauny",
    title = "Dynamics in {ML}",
    booktitle = "Functional Programming Languages and Computer Architecture, 5th {ACM} Conference",
    volume = "523",
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
    address = "Berlin, Heidelberg, New York",
    editor = "J. Hughes",
    pages = "406--426",
    year = "1991",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/313297.html" }


@InProceedings{leroy+:dynamics,
  author = 		  {Xavier Leroy and Michel Mauny},
  title = 		  {Dynamics in {ML}},
  booktitle = 	   {Functional Programming Languages and Computer Architecture},
  pages =		  {406-426},
  year =			  1991,
  editor =	 {J. Hughes},
  number =	 523,
  series =	 {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  month =	 aug,
  publisher =	 {Springer-Verlag}

}

@string{popl00="Proceedings of the 27th Annual {ACM} {SIGPLAN-SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, Boston, Massachusetts"}

@inproceedings{lewis+:implicit-params
,author="Jeffrey Lewis and Mark Shields and Erik Meijer and John Launchbury"
,title="Implicit Parameters: Dynamic Scoping with Static Types"
,booktitle=popl00
,year="2000"
,month="Jan"
,pages="108--118"
}

@InProceedings{liedke+97:webos,
  author =	 {Jochen Liedtke and Nyeem Islam and Trent Jaeger},
  title =	 {Preventing Denial-of-Service Attacks on a
                  $\mu$-Kernel for web {OS}es},
  booktitle =	 o6 # " " # hotos,
  year =	 1997
}

@article{liedtke95:cheap_time,
  author =	 {Jochen Liedtke},
  title =	 {A Short Note on Cheap Fine-grained Time Measurement},
  journal =	 {ACM Operating Systems Review},
  pages =	 {31--34},
  year =	 95,
  volume =	 29,
  number =	 3,
  month =	 {July}
}

@phdthesis{lillibridge:phd,
  author =	 "Mark Lillibridge",
  title =	 "Translucent Sums: A Foundation for Higher-Order
                  Module Systems",
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 may,
  address =	 pgh-pa,
  school =	 cmu-cs,
}



@InProceedings{lim94risc,
  author = 	 {Sung-Soo Lim and Young Hyun Bae and Gyu Tae Jang and Byung-Do Rhee
 and Sang Lyul Min and Chang Yun Park and Heonshik Shin and Kunsoo Park and Chong Sang Kim},
  title = 	 {An Accurate Worts Case Timing Analysis Technique for {RISC} Processors},
  booktitle = 	 o15 # " " # rtss,
  pages =	 {97--108},
  year =	 1994
}

@book{lindholm+:jvm,
  title =	 "The {Java} Virtual Machine Specification",
  author =	 "Tim Lindholm and Frank Yellin",
  publisher =	 addison,
  year =	 1996,
}


@MISC{LinuxDynlink95,
  KEY = {DLOPEN},
  TITLE = {{DLOPEN}(3)},
  howpublished = {{L}inux {P}rogrammer's {M}anual},
  MONTH = {December},
  YEAR = {1995}
}



@inproceedings{ liu98automatic,
  author =	 "Yanhong Liu and Gustavo Gomez",
  title =	 "Automatic accurate time-bound analysis for
                  high-level languages",
  booktitle =	 lctes,
  publisher =	 springer,
  month =	 jun,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1474,
  year =	 1998
}

@techreport{lucassen+:fx,
  author =	 "J. M. Lucassen and D. K. Gifford and P. Jouvelot and
                  M. A. Sheldon",
  title =	 "{FX-87} Reference Manual",
  institution =	 "MIT Laboratory for Computer Science",
  number =	 "MIT/LCS/TR-407",
  month =	 sep,
  year =	 1987,
}

@InCollection{lundqvist98integrating,
  author =	 {T. Lundqvist and P. Stenstrom},
  title =	 {Integrating path and timing analysis using
                  instruction-level simulation techniques},
  booktitle =	 lctes,
  pages =	 {1--15},
  publisher =	 springer,
  year =	 1998,
  editor =	 {Frank Mueller and Azer Bestavros},
  number =	 1474,
  series =	 lncs
}

%% M %%

@inproceedings{ma+:parametric-poly2,
  author =	 "QingMing Ma and John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Types, Abstraction, and Parametric Polymorphism,
                  Part 2",
  booktitle =	 o7 # " " # mfps,
  year =	 1991,
  month =	 mar,
  address =	 "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 598,
  publisher =	 springer,
  pages =	 "1--40",
}

@inproceedings{ma:parametricity,
  author =	 "QingMing Ma",
  title =	 "Parametricity as Subtyping",
  booktitle =	 o19 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1992,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
  pages =	 "281--292",
}

@inproceedings{macqueen+:semantics-ho-functors,
  author =	 "David B. MacQueen and Mads Tofte",
  title =	 "A Semantics for Higher-order Functors",
  booktitle =	 o5 # " " # esop,
  year =	 1994,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 788,
  publisher =	 springer,
  pages =	 "409--423",
}

@inproceedings{macqueen:modular-struct,
  author =	 "David MacQueen",
  title =	 "Using Dependent Types to Express Modular Structure",
  booktitle =	 o13 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1986,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "277--286",
  address =	 "St.\ Petersburg Beach, Florida",
}

@inproceedings{maqueen:modules,
  author =	 "David MacQueen",
  title =	 "Modules for {Standard} {ML}",
  booktitle =	 1984 # " " # lfp,
  year =	 1984,
  month =	 aug,
  address =	 "Austin, Texas",
  pages =	 "198--207",
}

@InProceedings{maes:reflection,
  author = 		  {Pattie Maes},
  title = 		  {Concepts and experiments in computational reflection},
  booktitle = 	  {Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Conference on Object-Oriented Programming
Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA '87), (Orlando,
FL)},
  pages =		  {147--155},
  year =			  1987,
  month =		  oct
}

@inproceedings{martin-lof:constructive-math-and-programming,
  author =	 "Per Martin-L{\"{o}}f",
  title =	 "Constructive Mathematics and Computer Programming",
  booktitle =	 "Sixth International Congress of Logic, Methodology
                  and Philosophy of Science",
  pages =	 "153--175",
  publisher =	 noholland,
  year =	 1982,
  series =	 "Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics",
  volume =	 104,
}

@inproceedings{martin-lof:intuitionistic-types-pred,
  author =	 "Per Martin-L{\"{o}f}",
  title =	 "An Intuitionistic Theory of Types: Predicative Part",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the Logic Colloquium, 1973",
  pages =	 "73--118",
  publisher =	 noholland,
  year =	 1975,
  series =	 "Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics",
  volume =	 80,
}



@article{meertens:paramorphisms,
  author = 	 {Lambert G. L. T. Meertens},
  title = 	 {Paramorphisms},
  journal = 	 {Formal Aspects of Computing},
  pages =	 {413--424},
  year =	 1992,
  volume =	 4,
  number =	 5,
  publisher =	 springer
}

@inproceedings{mmf91m
,author="Erik Meijer and Fokkinga, Maarten M. and Ross Paterson"
,title="Functional Programming with Bananas, Lenses, Envelopes and
  Barbed Wire"
,booktitle="FPCA91: " # fpca
,pages="124--144"
,year=1991

}
% ,volume=523
% ,series=lncs
% ,publisher=springer

@inproceedings{ meijer95bananas,
    author = "Erik Meijer and Graham Hutton",
    title = "Bananas in Space: Extending Fold and Unfold to Exponential Types",
    booktitle = "FPCA95: " # fpca,
    month = jun,
    address = "La Jolla, CA",
    pages = "324--333",
    year = 1995,
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/293490.html"
}

@article{mendler:inductive-types,
  author =	 "Nax Paul Mendler",
  title =	 "Inductive Types and Type Constraints in the
                  Second-Order Lambda Calculus",
  journal =	 "Annals of Pure and Applied Logic",
  year =	 1991,
  volume =	 51,
  number =	 "1--2",
  pages =	 "159--172",
}

@phdthesis{mendler:phd,
  author =	 "Paul Francis Mendler",
  title =	 "Inductive Definition in Type Theory",
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  month =	 sep,
  year =	 1987,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@inproceedings{meyer+:type-not-type,
  author =	 "Albert R. Meyer and Mark B. Reinhold",
  title =	 "`{T}ype' is Not a Type",
  booktitle =	 o13 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1986,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "287--295",
  address =	 "St. Petersburg Beach, Florida",
}

@InProceedings{millen92,
  author =	 {J. K. Millen},
  title =	 {A Resource Allocation Model for Denial of Service},
  booktitle =	 ieeesp,
  pages =	 {137--147},
  year =	 1992,
  address =	 {Oakland, CA},
  month =	 {May},
  publisher =	 {IEEE Computer Society Press}
}

@InCollection{millen95,
  author =	 {Jonathan K. Millen},
  title =	 {Denial of Service: A Perspective},
  booktitle =	 {Dependable Computing for Critical Applications 4},
  publisher =	 springer,
  year =	 1995,
  editor =	 {F. Cristian and G. {Le Lann} and T. Lunt},
  volume =	 9,
  series =	 {Dependable Computing and Fault Tolerant Systems},
  address =	 {Wien, Austria}
}

@book{milner+:sml,
  title =	 "The Definition of {S}tandard {ML}",
  author =	 "Robin Milner and Mads Tofte and Robert Harper",
  publisher =	 mit-press,
  address =	 cam-ma,
  year =	 1990,
}

@book{milner+:sml-comment,
  title =	 "Commentary on {S}tandard {ML}",
  author =	 "Robin Milner and Mads Tofte",
  publisher =	 mit-press,
  address =	 cam-ma,
  year =	 1991,
}

@book{milner+:sml97,
  title =	 "The Definition of {Standard} {ML} (Revised)",
  author =	 "Robin Milner and Mads Tofte and Robert Harper and
                  David MacQueen",
  publisher =	 mit-press,
  address =	 cam-ma,
  year =	 1997,
}


@Article{milner:alg-w,
  author = 		  {Robin Milner},
  title = 		  {A Theory of Type Polymorphism in Programming},
  journal = 	  {Journal of Computer and System Sciences },
  year = 		  1978,
  volume =		  17,
  number =		  3,
  pages =		  {348--375}
}
 

@InProceedings{millstein+:eml,
  author = 	 {Todd Millstein and Colin Bleckner and Craig Chambers},
  title = 	 {Modular Typechecking for Hierarchically Extensible Datatypes and 
                  Functions},
  booktitle = 	 icfp,
  year =	 2002,
  address =	 {Pittsburgh, PA, USA},
  month =	 oct
}

@inproceedings{minamide+:typed-closure-conversion,
  author =	 "Yasuhiko Minamide and Greg Morrisett and Robert
                  Harper",
  title =	 "Typed Closure Conversion",
  pages =	 "271--283",
  booktitle =	 o23 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "St. Petersburg, Florida",
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1996,
}

@unpublished{minamide:full-lift,
  author =	 "Yasuhiko Minamide",
  title =	 "Full Lifting of Type Parameters",
  note =	 "Submitted for publication. Earlier version published
                  as ``Compilation Based on a Calculus for Explicit
                  Type-Passing'' in the {\em Second Fuji International
                  Workshop on Functional and Logic Programming,\/}
                  1996.",
}


@InProceedings{minimide99space,
  author = 	 {Yasuhiko Minamide},
  title = 	 {Space-Profiling Semantics of the Call-by-Value Lambda Calculus 
 and the CPS transformation},
  booktitle = 	 o3 # " " # hoots,
  pages =	 {103--118},
  year =	 1999,
  volume =	 26,
  series =	 {Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science},
  address =	 {http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs},
  publisher =	 {Elsevier}
}

@book{mips,
  title =	 "{MIPS} {RISC} Architecture",
  author =	 "Gerry Kane and Joe Heinrich",
  publisher =	 "Prentice-Hall",
  year =	 1991,
}

@article{mitchell+:existential,
  author =	 "John C. Mitchell and Gordon D. Plotkin",
  title =	 "Abstract Types Have Existential Type",
  journal =	 toplas,
  year =	 1988,
  volume =	 10,
  number =	 3,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "470--502",
}



@Book{mitchell:book,
  author =	 {John C. Mitchell},
  title = 	 {Foundations for Programming Languages},
  publisher = 	 mit-press,
  year = 	 1996
}

@article{moggi:computation-monad,
  author =	 "Eugenio Moggi",
  title =	 "Notions of Computation and Monads",
  journal =	 iandc,
  volume =	 93,
  year =	 1991,
  pages =	 "55-92",
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{moreau-Queinnec:DSL97,
  AUTHOR =	 {Luc Moreau and Christian Queinnec},
  TITLE =	 {{Design and Semantics of Quantum: a Language to
                  Control Resource Consumption in Distributed
                  Computing}},
  BOOKTITLE =	 {Usenix Conference on Domain-Specific Languages
                  (DSL'97)},
  ADDRESS =	 {Santa-Barbara, California},
  YEAR =	 1997,
  PAGES =	 {183--197},
  MONTH =	 OCT,
  PS =		 {http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm/papers/dsl97.ps.gz},
  EXPORT =	 {yes},
  PIND =	 {EZ~02~01~04},
  ABSTRACT =	 {This paper describes the semantics of Quantum, a
                  language that was specifically designed to control
                  resource consumption of distributed computations,
                  such as mobile agent style applications. In Quantum,
                  computations can be driven by mastering their
                  resource consumption. Resources can be understood as
                  processors cycles, geographical expansion, bandwidth
                  or duration of communications, etc. We adopt a
                  generic view by saying that computations need energy
                  to be performed. Quantum relies on three new
                  primitives that deal with energy. The first
                  primitive creates a tank of energy associated with a
                  computation. Asynchronous notifications inform the
                  user of energy exhaustion and computation
                  termination. The other two primitives allow us to
                  implement suspension and resumption of computations
                  by emptying a tank and by supplying more energy to a
                  tank. The semantics takes the form of an abstract
                  machine with explicit parallelism and energy-related
                  primitives.}
}

@inproceedings{morrisett+:abstract-memory-management,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and Matthias Felleisen and Robert
                  Harper",
  title =	 "Abstract Models of Memory Management",
  booktitle =	 "FPCA95: " # fpca,
  pages =	 "66--77",
  year =	     1995,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "La Jolla, CA",
}

@incollection{ morrisett97semantics,
    author = "Greg Morrisett and Robert Harper",
    title = "Semantics of Memory Management for Polymorphic Languages",
    booktitle = "Higher Order Operational Techniques in Semantics",
    publisher = "Newton Institute, Cambridge University Press",
    editor = "Andrew Gordon and Andrew M. Pitts",
    year = "1997",
    pages = {175--226},
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/147455.html" }


@inproceedings{morrisett+:poly-memory-management,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and Robert Harper",
  title =	 "Semantics of Memory Management for Polymorphic
                  Languages",
  editor =	 "A. D. Gordon and A. M. Pitts",
  booktitle =	 "Higher Order Operational Techniques in Semantics",
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
  year =	 1997,
}

@inproceedings{morrisett+:stal,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and Karl Crary and Neal Glew and
                  David Walker",
  title =	 "Stack-Based Typed Assembly Language",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # tic,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 mar,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1473,
  publisher =	 springer,
  note =	 "Extended version published as CMU technical report
                  CMU-CS-98-178.",
  memo =	 "Extended version also published as Fox Memorandum
                  CMU-CS-FOX-98-05.",
}

@article{morrisett+:tal,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and David Walker and Karl Crary and
                  Neal Glew",
  title =	 "From {System} {F} to Typed Assembly Language",
  journal =	 toplas,
  year =	 1999,
  month =	 may,
  volume =	 21,
  number =	 3,
  pages =	 {528--569},
  note =	 "An earlier version appeared in the 1998 Symposium on
                  Principles of Programming Languages.",
}

@inproceedings{morrisett+:tal-popl,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and David Walker and Karl Crary and
                  Neal Glew",
  title =	 "From {System} {F} to Typed Assembly Language",
  booktitle =	 o25 # " " # popl,
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1998,
  address =	 "San Diego",
  pages =	 "85--97",
  note =	 "Extended version published as Cornell University
                  technical report TR97-1651.",
}

@techreport{morrisett+:tal-tr,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and David Walker and Karl Crary and
                  Neal Glew",
  title =	 "From {System} {F} to Typed Assembly Language
                  (Extended Version)",
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 nov,
  number =	 "TR97-1651",
}

@inproceedings{morrisett+:til-safety,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett and David Tarditi and Perry Cheng and
                  Chris Stone and Robert Harper and Peter Lee",
  title =	 "The {TIL/ML} Compiler: Performance and Safety
                  Through Types",
  booktitle =	 "Workshop on Compiler Support for Systems Software",
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 feb,
  address =	 "Tucson"
}

@phdthesis{morrisett:phd,
  author =	 "Greg Morrisett",
  title =	 "Compiling with Types",
  school =	 cmu-cs,
  year =	 1995,
  month =	 dec,
  address =	 pgh-pa,
}

@inproceedings{mycroft:poly-type-schemes,
  author =	 "Alan Mycroft",
  title =	 "Polymorphic Type Schemes and Recursive Definitions",
  booktitle =	 o6 # " " # "International Symposium on Programming",
  series =	 lncs,
  number =	 167,
  pages =	 "217--228",
  publisher =	 springer,
  month =	 apr,
  year =	 1984,
}

@inproceedings{ myers97parameterized,
    author = "Andrew C. Myers and Joseph A. Bank and Barbara Liskov",
    title = "Parameterized Types for {Java}",
    booktitle = "Conference Record of {POPL} '97: The 24th {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages",
    address = "New York, NY",
    pages = "132--145",
    year = "1997",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/myers97parameterized.html" }

%% O %%


%% N %%

@inproceedings{necula+:safe-extensions,
  title =	 "Safe Kernel Extensions Without Run-Time Checking",
  author =	 "George Necula and Peter Lee",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # osdi,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 oct,
  pages =	 "229--243",
  address =	 "Seattle",
}

@inproceedings{necula+:touchstone,
  title =	 "The Design and Implementation of a Certifying
                  Compiler",
  author =	 "George Necula and Peter Lee",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # pldi,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "333--344",
  address =	 "Montreal",
}

@incollection{necula+:untrusted-agents,
  author =	 "George Necula and Peter Lee",
  title =	 "Safe, Untrusted Agents using Proof-Carrying Code",
  booktitle =	 "Special Issue on Mobile Agent Security",
  publisher =	 springer,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1419,
  month =	 oct,
  year =	 1997,
}

@inproceedings{necula:pcc,
  title =	 "Proof-Carrying Code",
  author =	 "George Necula",
  booktitle =	 o24 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Paris",
  pages =	 "106--119",
}

@PhdThesis{necula:phd,
  author =	 {George Necula},
  title =	 {Compiling with Proofs},
  school =	 {Carnegie Mellon University},
  year =	 1998,
  address =	 pittsburgh-pa,
  month =	 sep,
  note =	 {Technical Report CMU-CS-98-154}
}





@inproceedings{neubauer01functional_notation,
  author = 	 {Matthias Neubauer and  Peter Thiemann and Martin Gasbichler and Michael Sperber },
  title = 	 {A Functional Notation for Functional Dependencies},
  booktitle = 	 {Preliminary Proceedings of the 2001 {ACM SIGPLAN}
Haskell Workshop
({HW}'2001)
Firenze, Italy
2nd September 2001},
  year =	 2001,
  editor =	 {Ralf Hinze},
  number =	 {UU-CS-2001-23},
  institution = {Institute of Information and Computing Sciences
Utrecht University}
}

@Book{nielson+:two-level,
  author =		  { Flemming Nielson and Hanne Riis Nielson},
  title = 		  {Two-Level Functional Languages},
  publisher = 	  cambridge-press,
  year = 		  1992,
  volume =		  34,
  series =		  {Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science}
}

@inproceedings{ocallahan:jvm-types,
  author =	 "Robert O'Callahan",
  title =	 "A Simple, Comprehensive Type System for {Java}
                  Bytecode Subroutines",
  booktitle =	 o26 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1999,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "San Antonio, Texas",
  pages =	 {70--78},
}

@inproceedings{ odersky96putting,
    author = "Martin Odersky and Konstantin {L\"aufer}",
    title = "Putting Type Annotations to Work",
    booktitle = "Conference Record of {POPL} '96: The 23rd {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, St. Petersberg Beach, Florida",
    address = "New York, N.Y.",
    pages = "54-67",
    year = "1996",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/odersky96putting.html" }


@article{ohearn+:param-local-vars,
  author =	 "Peter W. O'Hearn and Robert D. Tennent",
  title =	 "Parametricity and Local Variables",
  journal =	 jacm,
  volume =	 42,
  number =	 3,
  pages =	 "658--709",
  year =	 1995,
  month =	 may,
}
@inproceedings{okasaki:catenable-dequeues,
  author =	 "Chris Okasaki",
  title =	 "Catenable Double-Ended Queues",
  booktitle =	 1997 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  pages =	 "66--74",
}

@Book{okasaki:phd,
  author =		  {Chris Okasaki},
  title = 		  {Purely Functional Data Structures},
  publisher = 	  cambridge-press,
  year = 		  1998
}

@InProceedings{okasaki99fast,
  author = 	 {Chris Okasaki},
  title = 	 {From fast exponentiation to square matrices: An adventure in types},
  booktitle = 	 1999 # " " # icfp,
  pages =	 {28--35},
  year =	 1999,
  month =	sep,
  address = {Paris, France}
}


%% P %%

@techreport{palmgren+:domain-interp-itt,
  author =	 "Erik Palmgren and Viggo Stoltenberg-Hansen",
  title =	 "Domain Interpretations of Intuitionistic Type
                  Theory",
  institution =	 "Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics",
  year =	 1989,
  month =	 jan,
  type =	 "{U.U.D.M.} Report",
  number =	 "1989:1",
}

@article{palmgren:infosys-interp-mltt,
  author =	 "Erik Palmgren",
  title =	 "An Information System Interpretation of
                  {Martin-L\"{o}f}'s Partial Type Theory with
                  Universes",
  journal =	 iandc,
  year =	 1993,
  volume =	 106,
  pages =	 "26--60",
}

@inproceedings{palsberg:object-inference,
  author =	 "Jens Palsberg",
  title =	 "Efficient Inference of Object Types",
  booktitle =	 o9 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "186--195",
  address =	 "Paris",
}

@article{park:fixpoint,
  author =	 "David Park",
  title =	 "Fixpoint Induction and Proofs of Program Properties",
  journal =	 "Machine Intelligence",
  volume =	 5,
  year =	 1969,
  pages =	 "59--78",
}



@Article{parigot:recursive,
  author = 	 {Michel Parigot},
  title = 	 {Recursive Programming with Proofs},
  journal = 	 tcs,
  year = 	 1992,
  volume =	 94,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 {335-356},
  month =	 mar
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Moh93,
  author = {Christin  Paulin-Mohring},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the conference Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications},
  editor = {Marc Bezem and Jan Friso Groote},
  institution = {LIP-ENS Lyon},
  note = {LIP research report 92-49},
  number = {664},
  pages  ={328--345},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  title = {Inductive Definitions in the System {Coq} - Rules and Properties},
  type = {research report},
  year = {1993},
}

@book{paulson:lcf,
  author =	 "Lawrence C. Paulson",
  title =	 "Logic and Computation: Interactive Proof with
                  {Cambridge} {LCF}",
  year =	 1987,
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
}



@InProceedings{persson99lctes,
  author =	 {Patrik Persson},
  title =	 {Live Memory Analysis for Garbage Collection in
                  Embedded Systems},
  booktitle =	 1999 # " " # lctes,
  pages =	 {45--54},
  year =	 1999,
  volume =	 34,
  number =	 7,
  series =	 {SIGPLAN Notices},
  address =	 {Atlanta, GA},
  month =	 {may}
}


@TECHREPORT{PetersonHL97,
  AUTHOR = {Peterson, John and Hudak, Paul and Ling, Gary Shu},
  TITLE = {Principled Dynamic Code Improvement},
  INSTITUTION = {Department of Computer Science, Yale University},
  NUMBER = {YALEU/DCS/RR-1135},
  MONTH = {July},
  YEAR = {1997},
  URL = {http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~mwh/papers_DB/yale-tr.ps}
}

@Unpublished{peyton-jones:boilerplate,
  author = 		  {Simon {Peyton Jones} and Ralf Laemmel},
  title = 		  {Scrap your Boilerplate: a practical design pattern for generic programming},
  note = 		  {Available at http://research.microsoft.com/Users/simonpj/papers/hmap/},
  year =			  2002
}

@InProceedings{peyton-jones+:unboxed,
  author = 		  {Simon {Peyton Jones} and John Launchbury},
  title = 		  {Unboxed values as first class citizens in a 
non-strict functional programming language},
  booktitle = 	  "FPCA91:" # " " # fpca,
  pages =		  {636-666},
  year =			  1991,
  address =		  {New York, NY},
  month =		  aug,
  publisher =	  {ACM Press}
}

@inproceedings{peyton-jones+:ghc,
  author =	 "Simon L. {Peyton Jones} and Cordelia V. Hall and
                  Kevin Hammond and Will Partain and Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "The {G}lasgow {H}askell compiler: a technical
                  overview",
  year =	 1993,
  month =	 jul,
  booktitle =	 "Proc. UK Joint Framework for Information Technology
                  (JFIT) Technical Conference",
}

@inproceedings{peyton-jones+:imperative-fnal-prog,
  author =	 "Peyton Jones, Simon L. and Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "Imperative Functional Programming",
  booktitle =	 o20 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "Charleston, South Carolina",
  year =	 1993,
  month =	 jan,
}

@TechReport{peyton-jones99:haskell,
  author =	 {Simon {Peyton Jones} and John Hughes},
  title =	 {Report on the Programming Language {H}askell 98, A
                  Non-strict Purely Functional Language},
  institution =	 {Yale University, Department of Computer Science},
  year =	 1999,
  number =	 {YALEU/DCS/RR-1106},
  month =	 feb,
  note =	 {Available from \url{http://www.haskell.org/definition/}}
}

@Book{peyton-jones03:haskell,
  editor =		  {Simon {Peyton Jones}},
  title = 		  {Haskell 98 Language and Libraries: The Revised Report},
  publisher = 	  {Cambridge University Press},
  year = 		  2003
}




@InProceedings{pfenning+:twelf,
  author = 		  {Frank Pfenning and Carsten Sch\"urmann},
  title = 		  {System description: Twelf---a meta-logical framework for deductive systems},
  booktitle =	  {Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-16)},
  pages =		  {202--206},
  year =			  1999,
  editor =		  {H. Ganzinger},
  address =		  {Trento, Italy},
  month =		  jul
}

@InProceedings{pfenning+:hoas,
  author = 	 {Frank Pfenning and Conal Elliott},
  title = 	 {Higher-order Abstract Syntax},
  booktitle = 	 1988 # " " # pldi,
  pages =	 {199-208},
  year =	 1988,
  address =	 {Atlanta, GA, USA},
  month =	 jun
}

@inproceedings{pfenning+:leap,
  author =	 "Frank Pfenning and Peter Lee",
  title =	 "{LEAP}: A language with eval and polymorphism",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
                  Theory and Practice in Software Development",
  address =	 "Barcelona",
  year =	 1989,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 352,
  publisher =	 springer,
  pages =	 "345--359",
}

@techreport{pfenning:inductive-types-coq,
  author =	 "Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "Inductively Defined Types in the Calculus of Constructions",
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  month =	 nov,
  year =	 1988,
  type =	 "Ergo Report",
  number =	 "88-069",
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{PfPa89,
  author = {Frank Pfenning and Christin Paulin-Mohring},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume = 442,
  title = {Inductively defined types in the {Calculus of Constructions}},
  year = 1990,
  pages = {209--228}
}

@inproceedings{pfenning:partial-inference,
  author =	 "Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "Partial Polymorphic Type Inference and Higher-Order
                  Unification",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # lfp,
  year =	 1988,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "153--163",
  address =	 "Snowbird, Utah",
}

@article{pfenning:recon-undecidable,
  author =	 "Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "On the Undecidability of Partial Polymorphic Type
                  Reconstruction",
  journal =	 "Fundamenta Informaticae",
  year =	 1993,
  volume =	 19,
  number =	 "1,2",
  pages =	 "185--199",
}

@inproceedings{pfenning:unification,
  author =	 "Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "Unification and Anti-Unification in the Calculus of
                  Constructions",
  booktitle =	 o6 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1991,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "74--85",
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
}

@article{pierce+:ho-subtyping,
  author =	 "Benjamin Pierce and Martin Steffen",
  title =	 "Higher-Order Subtyping",
  year =	 1997,
  journal =	 "Theoretical Computer Science",
  volume =	 176,
  number =	 "1--2",
  pages =	 "235--282",
}

@article{pierce+:oop-tt-foundations,
  author =	 "Benjamin C. Pierce and David N. Turner",
  title =	 "Simple Type-Theoretic Foundations For
                  Object-Oriented Programming",
  journal =	 jfp,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 apr,
  volume =	 4,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 "207--247",
}

@inproceedings{pierce+:oop-wo-rectype,
  author =	 "Benjamin C. Pierce and David N. Turner",
  title =	 "Object-Oriented Programming Without Recursive Types",
  booktitle =	 o20 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1993,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "299--312",
}

@techreport{pierce+:programming-in-ho-lambda,
  author =	 "Benjamin Pierce and Scott Dietzen and Spiro
                  Michaylov",
  title =	 "Programming in Higher-Order Typed Lambda-Calculi",
  year =	 1989,
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-89-111",
}

@incollection{pierce:bq-undecidable,
  author =	 "Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title =	 "Bounded Quantification is Undecidable",
  booktitle =	 "Theoretical Aspects of Object-Oriented Programming",
  year =	 1994,
  publisher =	 "The {MIT} Press",
  pages =	 "427--459",
}

@article{pierce:intersection-and-bq,
  author =	 "Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title =	 "Intersection Types and Bounded Polymorphism",
  pages =	 "129--193",
  journal =	 mscs,
  month =	 apr,
  year =	 1997,
  volume =	 7,
  number =	 2,
}

@phdthesis{pierce:phd,
  author =	 "Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title =	 "Programming with Intersection Types and Bounded
                  Polymorphism",
  school =	 cmu-cs,
  year =	 1991,
  month =	 dec,
  address =	 pgh-pa,
}

@manual{pierce:pict,
  author =	 "Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title =	 "Programming in the Pi-Calculus: An Experiment in
                  Concurrent Language Design",
  year =	 1995,
  month =	 dec,
  webnote =	 "Available at
                  http://www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/pierce/ftp/pict/Html/Pict.html",
}



@inproceedings{ pierce98local,
    author = "Benjamin C. Pierce and David N. Turner",
    title = "Local Type Inference",
    booktitle = "Conference Record of {POPL} 98: The 25TH {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} 
              Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, San Diego, California",
    address = "New York, NY",
    pages = "252--265",
    year = "1998",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/pierce98local.html" }


@Book{pierce:book,
  author =	 {Benjamin C. Pierce},
  title = 	 {Types and Programming Languages},
  publisher = 	 mit-press,
  year = 	 2002
}

@InProceedings{pierce+:recursive-types-dummies,
  author = "Vladimir Gapeyev and Michael Y. Levin and Benjamin C. Pierce",
  title = "Recursive Subtyping Revealed",
  booktitle = 2000 # " " # icfp,
  address = "Montreal",
  month = sep, 
  year = 2000,
  pages = {221--232},
  url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/470426.html" }
}

@inproceedings{ pitts00metalanguage,
    author = "Andrew M. Pitts and Murdoch Gabbay",
    title = "A Metalanguage for Programming with Bound Names Modulo Renaming",
    booktitle = "Mathematics of Program Construction",
    pages = "230--255",
    year = "2000",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/pitts00metalanguage.html" }

@TechReport{plotkin:logical-relations,
  author = 		  {G.D. Plotkin},
  title = 		  {Lambda-definablility and logical relations},
  institution =  {University of Edinburgh, School of Artificial Intelligence},
  year = 		  1973,
  number =		  {SAI-RM-4}
}
@article{plotkin:name-value,
  author =	 "Gordon D. Plotkin",
  title =	 "Call-by-name, call-by-value, and the lambda
                  calculus",
  journal =	 tcs,
  volume =	 1,
  year =	 1975,
  pages =	 "125--159",
}



@inbook{plotkin:lambda-definability,
  author = 		  {G.D. Plotkin},
  chapter = 		  {Lambda definability in the full type hierarchy},
  book = 	  {To H.B. Curry: Essays on Combinatory Logic, Lambda Calculus and Formalism},
  year = 		  1980,
  pages =		  {363--373},
  publisher =    {Academic Press}
}

@inproceedings{plotkin+:param-logic,
  author =	 "Gordon Plotkin and Mart\'{\i}n Abadi",
  title =	 "A Logic for Parametric Polymorphism",
  booktitle =	 tlca,
  year =	 1993,
  pages =	 "361--375",
}

@inproceedings{plotkin+:subtype-parametricity,
  author =	 "Gordon Plotkin and Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca
                  Cardelli",
  title =	 "Subtyping and Parametricity",
  booktitle =	 o9 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 jul,
  pages =	 "310--319",
}

@MastersThesis{poulsen:masters,
  author =  {Eigil Rosager Poulsen},
  title  = {Representation analysis for efficient implementation
            of polymorphism},
  school = {DIKU, University of Copenhagen},
  year   = 1993,
  month  = apr
}

%% Q %%

%% R %%
@inproceedings{pottier:simp-subtyping,
  author =	 "Fran\c{c}ois Pottier",
  title =	 "Simplifying Subtyping Constraints",
  booktitle =	 1996 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 may,
  address =	 "Philadelphia",
  pages =	 "122--133",
}

@inproceedings{reed99:xenoservers,
  author =	 "D. Reed and I. Pratt and S. Early and P. Menage and
                  N. Stratford",
  title =	 "Xenoservers: Accountable execution of untrusted
                  programs",
  booktitle =	 o7 # " " # hotos,
  month =	 1999,
  year =	 "1999"
}

@InProceedings{reistad94,
  author =	 {Brian Reistad and David K. Gifford},
  title =	 {Static Dependent Costs for Estimating Execution
                  Time},
  booktitle =	 lfp,
  pages =	 {65--78},
  year =	 1994,
  address =	 {Orlando, FL},
  month =	 jul
}

@inproceedings{remy+:objective-ml,
  title =	 "Objective {ML}: A Simple Object-Oriented Extension
                  of {ML}",
  author =	 "Didier R\'{e}my and J\'{e}r\^{o}me Vouillon",
  booktitle =	 o24 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Paris",
  pages =	 "40--53",
}

@inproceedings{remy:ml-art,
  author =	 "Didier R\'{e}my",
  title =	 "Programming Objects with {ML-ART}: An Extension to
                  {ML} with Abstract and Record Types",
  booktitle =	 tacs # " 1994",
  address =	 "Sendai, Japan",
  year =	 1994,
  pages =	 "321--346",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 789,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@incollection{remy:record-ext,
  author =	 "Didier R\'{e}my",
  title =	 "Type Inference for Records in a Natural Extension of
                  {ML}",
  booktitle =	 "Theoretical Aspects of Object-Oriented Programming",
  editor =	 "Carl A. Gunter and John C. Mitchell",
  chapter =	 3,
  pages =	 "67--95",
  year =	 1994,
  publisher =	 mit-press,
  address =	 cam-ma,
}

@inproceedings{remy:type-rec-var,
  author =	 "Didier R\'{e}my",
  title =	 "Typechecking Records and Variants in a Natural
                  Extension of {ML}",
  booktitle =	 o16 # " " # popl,
  pages =	 "77--87",
  year =	 1989,
  month =	 jan,
}



@inproceedings{reppy+:simple-objects,
  author =	 "John Reppy and Jon Riecke",
  title =	 "Simple Objects for {S}tandard {ML}",
  booktitle =	 1996 # " " # pldi,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 may,
  pages =	 "171--180",
  address =	 "Philadelphia",
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:definitional-interp,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Definitional Interpreters for Higher-Order
                  Programming Languages",
  booktitle =	 "Conference Record of the 25th National ACM
                  Conference",
  pages =	 "717--740",
  address =	 "Boston",
  month =	 aug,
  year =	 "1972",
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:essence-of-algol,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "The Essence of {Algol}",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the International Symposium on
                  Algorithmic Languages",
  editor =	 "J. W. de Bakker and J. C. van Vliet",
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  year =	 1981,
  month =	 oct,
  pages =	 "345--372",
  publisher =	 noholland,
}

@techreport{reynolds:forsythe,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Design of the Programming Language {F}orsythe",
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 jun,
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-94-146",
}

@incollection{reynolds:implicit-conversions,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Using Category Theory to Design Implicit Conversions
                  and Generic Operators",
  booktitle =	 "Semantics-Directed Compiler Generation",
  publisher =	 springer,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 94,
  year =	 1980,
  pages =	 "211--258",
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:intersection-coherence,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "The Coherence of Languages with Intersection Types",
  booktitle =	 tacs # " 1991",
  address =	 "Sendai, Japan",
  year =	 1991,
  pages =	 "675--700",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 526,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@inproceedings{REYNOLDS83,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Types, Abstraction and Parametric Polymorphism",
  booktitle =	 "Information Processing '83",
  year =	 1983,
  pages =	 "513--523",
  publisher =	 noholland,
  note =	 "Proceedings of the IFIP 9th World Computer Congress",
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:polymorphism-not-set-theoretic,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Polymorphism is not Set-Theoretic",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the International Symposium on
                  Semantics of Data Types",
  year =	 1984,
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 173,
  publisher =	 springer,
  pages = {145--156}
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:syntactic-control-interfere,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Syntactic Control of Interference",
  booktitle =	 o5 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1978,
  pages =	 "39--46",
  address =	 "Tucson, Arizona",
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:syntactic-control-interfere2,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Syntactic Control of Interference, Part 2",
  booktitle =	 o16 # " " # icalp,
  month =	 jul,
  year =	 1989,
}

@inproceedings{reynolds:type-structure,
  author =	 "John C. Reynolds",
  title =	 "Towards a theory of type structure",
  booktitle =	 "Programming Symposium",
  pages =	 "408--425",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 19,
  year =	 1974,
}

@Article{reynolds+:funept,
  author =	 {John C.~Reynolds and Gordon D.~Plotkin},
  title =	 {On Functors Expressible in the Polymorphic Typed
                  Lambda Calculus},
  journal =	 {Information and Computation},
  year =	 1993,
  volume =	 105,
  pages =	 {1--29}
}

@techreport{rezus:semant-ctt,
  author =	 "Adrian Rezus",
  title =	 "Semantics of Constructive Type Theory",
  institution =	 "Informatics Department, Faculty of Science,
                  Nijmegen, University, The Netherlands",
  year =	 1985,
  month =	 sep,
  number =	 70,
}

@inproceedings{ roe97lightweight,
    author = "Paul Roe and Clemens Szyperski",
    title = "Lightweight Parametric Polymorphism for Oberon",
    booktitle = "Proc. of Joint Modular Languages Conference ({JMLC})",
    address = "Linz, Austria",
    year = "1997",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/roe97lightweight.html" }


@INPROCEEDINGS{Rouaix96,
  AUTHOR = {Fran\c{c}ois Rouaix},
  TITLE = {A {Web} navigator with applets in {Caml}},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 5th International {World} {Wide} {Web}
                  Conference, in {Computer} {Networks} and
                  {Telecommunications} {Networking}},
  VOLUME = {28},
  YEAR = {1996},
  PUBLISHER = {Elsevier},
  MONTH = {May},
  PAGES = {1365--1371},
  URL = {http://pauillac.inria.fr/~rouaix/mmm/papers/mmm.ps.gz}
}



@InProceedings{ ruehr98structural,
    author = "Fritz Ruehr",
    title = "Structural polymorphism",
    booktitle = "Informal Proceedings Workshop on Generic Programming, WGP'98, Marstrand,
      Sweden, 18 June 1998.",
    editor = "Roland Backhouse and Tim Sheard",
    year = 1998,
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/ruehr98structural.html"
}



@PhdThesis{ruehr:phd,
  author = 	 {Fritz Ruehr},
  title = 	 {Analytical and Structural Polymorphism Expressed Using Patterns Over Types},
  school = 	 {University of Michigan},
  year = 	 1992
}

@inproceedings{ruf:df,
  title =	 "Partitioning Dataflow Analyses Using Types",
  author =	 "Erik Ruf",
  booktitle =	 o24 # " " # popl,
  year =	 "1997",
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "15--26",
  address =	 "Paris",
}

@article{russell:types,
  author =	 "Bertrand Russell",
  title =	 "Mathematical logic as based on a theory of type",
  journal =	 "Am. J. Math.",
  volume =	 30,
  pages =	 "222--262",
  year =	 1908,
}

%% S %%

@inproceedings{saha+:type-lift,
  author =	 "Bratin Saha and Zhong Shao",
  title =	 "Optimal Type Lifting",
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # tic,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 mar,
}

@InProceedings{saha+:fully,
  author = 	 {Valery Trifonov and  Bratin Saha and Zhong Shao},
  title = 	 {Fully Reflexive Intensional Type Analysis},
  booktitle = 	 o5 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 "Montreal",
  month =	 sep,
  pages =        "82--93",
  annote =	 {Extended version is YALEU/DCS/TR-1194}
}

@InProceedings{saha+:fully-erasure,
  author = 	 {Bratin Saha and Valery Trifonov and Zhong Shao},
  title = 	 {Fully Reflexive Intensional Type Analysis in Type Erasure Semantics},
  booktitle = 	 o3 # " " # tic,
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 "Montreal",
  month =	 sep
}


@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/types/BradyMM03,
  author    = {Edwin Brady and
               Conor McBride and
               James McKinna},
  title     = {Inductive Families Need Not Store Their Indices},
  booktitle = {TYPES},
  year      = {2003},
  pages     = {115-129},
  ee        = {http://springerlink.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article{\&}issn=0302-9743{\&}volume=3085{\&}spage=115},
  crossref  = {DBLP:conf/types/2003},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@proceedings{DBLP:conf/types/2003,
  editor    = {Stefano Berardi and
               Mario Coppo and
               Ferruccio Damiani},
  title     = {Types for Proofs and Programs, International Workshop, TYPES
               2003, Torino, Italy, April 30 - May 4, 2003, Revised Selected
               Papers},
  booktitle = {TYPES},
  publisher = {Springer},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = {3085},
  year      = {2004},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@STRING{fossacs11="Foundations of Software Science and Computational
		  Structures, 14th International Conference, FOSSACS 2011,
                  Saarbrucken, Germany"}

@InProceedings{abel:fossacs11,
  author	= {Andreas Abel},
  title		= {Irrelevance in Type Theory with a Heterogeneous Equality
		  Judgement},
  optcrossref	= {},
  optkey	= {},
  booktitle	= fossacs11,
  optpages	= {},
  year		= {2011},
  opteditor	= {},
  optvolume	= {},
  optnumber	= {},
  optseries	= {},
  optaddress	= {},
  optmonth	= {},
  optorganization={},
  optpublisher	= {},
  note		= {To appear.},
  opturl	= {},
  optpostscript	= {},
  optpdf	= {},
  optdvi	= {},
  optabstract	= {}
}

@inproceedings{bengtson+:f7,
 author = {Bengtson, Jesper and Bhargavan, Karthikeyan and Fournet, C\'{e}dric and Gordon, Andrew D. and Maffeis, Sergio},
 title = {Refinement Types for Secure Implementations},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2008 21st IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium},
 year = {2008},
 isbn = {978-0-7695-3182-3},
 pages = {17--32},
 numpages = {16},
 publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
 address = {Washington, DC, USA},
} 


@inproceedings{Borgstrom:2011:VSP:1929529.1929532,
 author = {Borgstrom, Johannes and Chen, Juan and Swamy, Nikhil},
 title = {Verifying stateful programs with substructural state and hoare types},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th ACM workshop on Programming languages meets program verification},
 series = {PLPV '11},
 year = {2011},
 isbn = {978-1-4503-0487-0},
 location = {Austin, Texas, USA},
 pages = {15--26},
 numpages = {12},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {affine types, dependent types, security type systems}}





@incollection {mishra:erasure,
   author = {Mishra-Linger, Nathan and Sheard, Tim},
   affiliation = {Portland State University},
   title = {Erasure and Polymorphism in Pure Type Systems},
   booktitle = {Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures},
   series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
   editor = {Amadio, Roberto},
   publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
   isbn = {},
   pages = {350-364},
   volume = {4962},
   year = {2008}
}
@Article{saltzer75protection,
  author =	 "J.H. Saltzer and M.D. Schroeder",
  title =	 "The Protection of Information in Computer Systems",
  journal =	 {Proceedings of the IEEE},
  year =	 1975,
  volume =	 63,
  number =	 9,
  pages =	 {1278--1308},
  month =	 sep
}

@article{ schneider00enforceable,
    author = "Fred B. Schneider",
    title = "Enforceable security policies",
    journal = "Information and System Security",
    volume = "3",
    number = "1",
    pages = "30-50",
    year = "2000",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/article/schneider98enforceable.html" }


@Article{schurmann:hoas,
  author = 	 {Carsten Sch\"{u}rmann and Jo\"{e}lle Despeyroux and Frank Pfenning},
  title = 	 {Primitive recursion for higher-order abstract syntax},
  journal = 	 {Theoretical Computer Science},
  year = 	 2001,
  volume =	 266,
  number =	 {1--2},
  pages =	 {1--58},
  month =	 sep
}

@Unpublished{schuermann:delphin,
  author = 		  {Carsten Sch\"{u}rmann and Richard Fontana and Yu Liao},
  title = 		  {Delphin: Functional Programming with deductive systems},
  note = 		  {Available at \url{http://cs-www.cs.yale.edu/homes/carsten/}},
  year =			  2002
}

@inproceedings{scott:advice-modal,
  author =		  {Dana Scott},
  editor =		  {K. Lambert},
  booktitle = 		  {Philosophical Problems in Logic},
  title = 	  {Advice on Modal Logic},
  publisher = 	  {D. Riedel Publishing Company},
  year = 		  1973,
  pages =		  {143--173}
}

@inproceedings{scott+:semantics,
  author =	 "Dana Scott and Christopher Strachey",
  title =	 "Toward a Mathematical Semantics for Computer
                  Languages",
  booktitle =	 "Proceedings of the Symposium on Computers and
                  Automata",
  series =	 "Microwave Research Institute Symposia Series",
  volume =	 21,
  publisher =	 "Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn",
  year =	 1971,
}

@inproceedings{scott:lattice-models,
  author =	 "Dana Scott",
  title =	 "Lattice Theoretic Models for Various Type-Free
                  Calculi",
  booktitle =	 "Fourth International Congress of Logic, Methodology
                  and Philosophy of Science",
  publisher =	 noholland,
  year =	 1972,
}

@inproceedings{scott:math-thy-comp,
  author =	 "Dana Scott",
  title =	 "Outline of a Mathematical Theory of Computation",
  booktitle =	 "Fourth Princeton Conference on Information Sciences
                  and Systems",
  year =	 1970,
  pages =	 "169--176",
}

@InProceedings{seltzer96vino,
  author =	 {Margo Seltzer and Yasuhiro Endo and Chris Small and
                  Keith Smith},
  title =	 {Dealing with Disaster: Surviving Misbehaved Kernel
                  Extensions},
  booktitle =	 o2 # " " # osdi,
  pages =	 {213--227},
  year =	 1996,
  address =	 {Seattle, WA},
  month =	 oct
}

@inproceedings{senizergues:dpda,
  author =	 "G\'{e}raud S\'{e}nizergues",
  title =	 "The Equivalence Problem for Deterministic Pushdown
                  Automata is Decidable",
  booktitle =	 o24 # " " # icalp,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jul,
  address =	 "Bologna, Italy",
  pages =	 "671--681",
  series =	 lncs,
  volume =	 1256,
  publisher =	 springer,
}

@Book{dylan:manual,
  author =		  {Andrew Shalit and  David Moon and Orca Starbuck},
  title = 		  {The Dylan Reference Manual : The Definitive Guide to the New Object-Oriented Dynamic Language
},
  publisher = 	  {Apple Press},
  year = 		  1996
}

@InProceedings{shao98implementing,
  author =	 {Zhong Shao and Christopher League and Stefan
                  Monnier},
  title =	 {Implementing Typed Intermediate Languages},
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # icfp,
  pages =	 {313--323},
  year =	 1998,
   volume =	 34,
  number =	 1,
  series =	 {{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Notices},
  address =	 {Baltimore, Maryland},
  month =	 {sep}
}

@inproceedings{shao:flint,
  author =	 "Zhong Shao",
  title =	 "An Overview of the {FLINT/ML} Compiler",
  booktitle =	 1997 # " " # tic,
  month =	 jun,
  year =	 1997,
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  note =	 "Published as {B}oston {C}ollege Computer Science
                  Department Technical Report BCCS-97-03",
}

@inproceedings{shao:rep-analysis,
  author =	 "Zhong Shao",
  title =	 "Flexible Representation Analysis",
  booktitle =	 1997 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1997,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Amsterdam",
  pages =	 "85--98",
}

@inproceedings{shao:typed-module-comp,
  author =	 "Zhong Shao",
  title =	 "Typed Cross-Module Compilation",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 sep,
  address =	 "Baltimore, Maryland",
  pages =	 "141--152",
}



@Article{shaw89time,
  author = 	 {Alan C. Shaw},
  title = 	 {Reasoning about Time in Higher-Level Language Software},
  journal = 	 tse,
  year = 	 1989,
  volume =	 15,
  number =	 7,
  pages =	 {875--889},
  month =	 jul
}


@TechReport{ sheard93type,
  author = "Tim Sheard",
  title = "Type parametric programming",
  number = "CSE 93-018",
  institution =  {Oregon Graduate Institute},
  year = 1993,
  url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/sheard93type.html" }



@inproceedings{shields01object-oriented,
    author = {Mark Shields and Simon {Peyton Jones}},
    title = {Object-Oriented Style Overloading for Haskell},
    booktitle = {Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science},
    volume = {59},
    issue = {1},
    publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers},
    editor = {Nick Benton
 and Andrew Kennedy},
    year = {2001},
    url = "http://www.elsevier.com/gej-ng/31/29/23/89/27/show/Products/notes/index.htt#008"
}

@Article{shostak:residue,
  author =	 {R. Shostak},
  title =	 {Deciding linear inequalities by computing loop
                  residues},
  journal =	 jacm,
  year =	 1981,
  volume =	 28,
  number =	 4,
  pages =	 {748--752},
  month =	 oct
}



@inproceedings{sirer+:spinlink,
 author = "Emin Gun Sirer and Marc E. Fiuczynski and Przemyslaw Pardyak and Brian N. Bershad",
 title = "Safe Dynamic Linking in an Extensible Operating System",
 booktitle = o1 # " " # wcsss,
 year = 1996,
 month = "February",
 address = "Tucson",
}


@InProceedings{smith00alias,
  author =	 {Frederick Smith and David Walker and Greg Morrisett},
  title =	 {Alias Types},
  booktitle =	 {European Symposium on Programming},
  year =	 2000,
  address =	 {Berlin, Germany},
  month =	 mar
}

@phdthesis{smithg:phd,
  author =	 "Geoffrey Seward Smith",
  title =	 "Polymorphic Type Inference For Languages with
                  Overloading and Subtyping",
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1991,
  month =	 aug,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}

@Article{smith+:active,
  author = 		  {Jonathan M. Smith and
 Kenneth L. Calvert and Sandra L. Murphy and Hilarie K. Orman and Larry L. Peterson},
  title = 		  {Activating networks: A progress report},
  journal = 	  {IEEE Computer},
  year = 		  {1999},
  OPTkey = 		  {},
  OPTvolume = 	  {32},
  OPTnumber = 	  {4},
  OPTpages = 	  {32--41},
  OPTmonth = 	  apr,
  OPTnote = 	  {},
  OPTannote = 	  {}
}

@article{smith:partial-total,
  author =	 "Scott F. Smith",
  title =	 "Hybrid Partial-Total Type Theory",
  journal =	 "International Journal of Foundations of Computer
                  Science",
  volume =	 6,
  pages =	 "235--263",
  year =	 1995,
}

@phdthesis{smith:phd,
  author =	 "Scott Fraser Smith",
  title =	 "Partial Objects in Type Theory",
  school =	 cornell-cs,
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1989,
  address =	 ith-ny,
}



@InProceedings{smith:reflection,
  author = 		  {Brian Cantwell Smith},
  title = 		  {Reflection and Semantics in {LISP}},
  booktitle = 	  o14 # " " # popl,
  pages =		  {23--35},
  year =			  1984
}

@inproceedings{solomon:type-defs-param,
  author =	 "Marvin Solomon",
  title =	 "Type Definitions with Parameters (Extended
                  Abstract)",
  booktitle =	 o5 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1978,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Tucson, Arizona",
  pages =	 "31--38",
}

@InProceedings{spatscheck99:_defen_scout,
  author =	 {Oliver Spatscheck and Larry L.Peterson },
  title =	 {Defending against denial of service attacks in
                  Scout},
  booktitle =	 o3 # " " # sosp,
  pages =	 {59-72},
  year =	 1999
}

@InProceedings{splawski+:type-fixpoints,
  author = 	 {Zdzis\l{}aw Sp\l{}awski and Pawe\l{} Urzyczyn},
  title = 	 {Type Fixpoints: Iteration vs. Recursion},
  booktitle = 	 o4 # " " # icfp,
  pages =	 {102--113},
  year =	 1999,
  address =	 {Paris, France},
  month =	 sep
}

@TechReport{spoonhower98telephony,
  author =	 {Daniel Spoonhower and Grzegorz Czajkowski and Chris
                  Hawblitzel and Chi-Chao Chang and Deyu Hu and
                  Thorsten von Eicken},
  title =	 {Design and Evaluation of an Extensible Web &
                  Telephony Server based on the J-Kernel},
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1998,
  number =	 {TR98-1715},
  address =	 {ithaca-ny}
}

@inproceedings{stansifer:subtype-inf,
  title =	 "Type Inference with Subtypes",
  author =	 "Ryan Stansifer",
  booktitle =	 o15 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "San Diego",
  year =	 1988,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "88--97",
}



@Article{statman:logical-relations,
  author = 		  {R. Statman},
  title = 		  {Logical Relations and Typed Lambda Calculus},
  journal = 	  {Information and Control},
  year = 		  1985,
  volume =		  65,
  pages =		  {85--97}
}

@mastersthesis{steele:rabbit,
  author =	 "Guy L. {Steele Jr.}",
  title =	 "{R}abbit: A Compiler for {S}cheme",
  school =	 "MIT",
  year =	 1978,
}



@Book{steele:cltl2,
  author =		  {Guy L. {Steele Jr.}},
  title = 		  {Common Lisp the Language, 2nd Edition},
  publisher = 	  {Digital Press},
  year = 		  1990
}

@techreport{stone+:sml96,
  title =	 "A Type-Theoretic Account of {S}tandard {ML} 1996",
  author =	 "Chris Stone and Robert Harper",
  institution =	 cmu-cs,
  year =	 1996,
  number =	 "CMU-CS-96-136",
}

@InProceedings{stone+:singleton-kinds,
  author = 		  {Chris Stone and Robert Harper},
  title = 		  {Deciding Type Equivalence in a Language with Singleton Kinds},
  booktitle = 	  o27 # " " # popl,
  pages =		  {214--225},
  year =			  2000,
  address =		  {Boston, MA, USA},
  month =		  jan
}

@Article{strachey:param,
  author = 	 {Christopher Strachey},
  title = 	 {Fundamental Concepts in Programming Languages},
  journal = 	 {Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation},
  year = 	 2000,
  volume =	 13,
  pages =	 {11--49},
  note =	 {This paper forms the substance of a course of lectures given at the International Summer School in
                      Computer Programming at Copenhagen in August, 1967.}
}



@Book{stroustrup:c++,
  author =		  {Bjarne Stroustrup},
  title = 		  {The C++ Programming Language (Third Edition) },
  publisher = 	  {Addison Wesley Longman},
  year = 		  1997,
  address =		  {Reading, MA}
}

@Article{sumii01:hybrid-pe,
  author = 		  {Eijiro Sumii and Naoki Kobayashi},
  title = 		  {A Hybrid Approach to Online and Offline Partial Evaluation},
  journal = 	  {Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation},
  year = 		  2001,
  volume =		  14,
  number =		  {2/3},
  pages =		  {101--142}
}

%% T %%


@Article{tait:intensional,
  author = 		  {William W. Tait},
  title = 		  {Intensional interpretation of functionals of finite type},
  journal = 	  {Journal of Symbolic Logic},
  year = 		  1967,
  volume =		  32,
  pages =		  {198--212}
}

@inproceedings{tarditi+:til,
  author =	 "David Tarditi and Greg Morrisett and Perry Cheng and
                  Chris Stone and Robert Harper and Peter Lee",
  title =	 "{TIL}: A Type-Directed Optimizing Compiler for {ML}",
  booktitle =	 1996 # " " # pldi,
  year =	 1996,
  month =	 may,
  pages =	 "181--192",
}


@PhdThesis{tarditi:phd,
  author = 	 {David Tarditi},
  title = 	 {Design and Implementation of Code Optimizations for a Type-Directed
Compiler for Standard ML},
  school = 	 {Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science},
  year = 	 1996,
  note =	 {Available as CMU-CS-97-108}
}

@Article{talpin+:type-effect,
  author = 	 {J.-P. Talpin and P. Jouvelot},
  title = 	 {The Type and Effect Discipline},
  journal = 	 {Information and Computation},
  year = 	 1994,
  volume =	 111,
  number =	 2,
  pages =	 {245--296}
}

@Article{tennenhouse97survey,
  author =	 "D. Tennenhouse and J. Smith and W. Sincoskie and
                  D. Wetherall and G. Minden",
  title =	 "A Survey of Active Network Research",
  booktitle =	 {IEEE Communications Magazine},
  pages =	 {80--86},
  month =	 jan,
  volume =	 35,
  number =	 1,
  year =	 1997
}


@article{ tennenhouse96towards,
    author = "David L. Tennenhouse and David J. Wetherall",
    title = "Towards an Active Network Architecture",
    journal = "Computer Communication Review",
    volume = "26",
    number = "2",
    year = "1996",
    pages = "5--18",
    url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/tennenhouse96towards.html" 
}


@InProceedings{thiemann01,
  author = 		  { Peter Thiemann},
  title = 		  { Enforcing Security Properties by Type Specialization },
  booktitle = 	  {  European Symposium on Programming (ESOP'01) },
  year =			  2001,
  volume =		  2028,
  series =		  lncs,
  address =		  {Genova, Italy },
  month =		  apr,
  publisher =	  {Springer-Verlag}
}


@InProceedings{tuiryn:subtyping-undecidable,
  author = 		  {Jerzy Tiuryn and Pawel Urzyczyn},
  title = 		  { The subtyping problem for second-order types is undecidable.},
  booktitle = 	  {Proceedings of the IEEE Symposion on Logic in Computer Science (LICS 96)},
  pages =		  {74--85},
  year =			  1996,
  address =		  {New Brunswick, New Jersey},
  publisher =	  {IEEE Computer Society Press}
}

@inproceedings{tofte:higher-order-modules,
  author =	 "Mads Tofte",
  title =	 "Principal Signatures for Higher-Order Program
                  Modules",
  booktitle =	 o19 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1992,
  month =	 jan,
  pages =	 "189--199",
}

@article{tofte:polymorphic-refs,
  author =	 "Mads Tofte",
  title =	 "Type Inference for Polymorphic References",
  journal =	 iandc,
  volume =	 89,
  pages =	 "1--34",
  year =	 1990,
  month =	 nov,
}

@inproceedings{tolmach:tagless-gc,
  author =	 "Andrew Tolmach",
  title =	 "Tag-Free Garbage Collection Using Explicit Type
                  Parameters",
  booktitle =	 1994 # " " # lfp,
  month =	 jun,
  pages =	 "1--11",
  year =	 1994,
  address =	 "Orlando"
}

@InProceedings{vanderwaart+:datatypes,
  author = 	 {Joseph C. Vanderwaart and Derek Dreyer and Leaf Petersen and Karl Crary and Robert Harper and Perry Cheng},
  title = 	 {Typed Compilation of Recursive Datatypes},
  booktitle = 	 {{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Workshop on Types in Language Design and Implementation},
  year =	 2003,
  address =	 {New Orleans, USA},
  month =	 jan
}

%% U %%

%% V %%


@techreport{van-renesse+:horus,
  author =	 "Robbert van Renesse and Takako M. Hickey and Kenneth
                  P. Birman",
  title =	 "Design and Performance of {H}orus: A Lightweight
                  Group Communications System",
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 1994,
  month =	 aug,
  number =	 "TR 94-1442",
}


@MastersThesis{vestin:polytypic-ga,
  author = 		  {M\o{a}ns Vestin},
  title = 		  {Genetic algorithms in {H}askell with polytypic programming},
  school = 		  {G\"{o}teborg University},
  year = 		  1997
}

@inproceedings{viswanathan:fully-abstract-objs,
  author =	 "Ramesh Viswanathan",
  title =	 "Full Abstraction for First-Order Objects with
                  Recursive Types and Subtyping",
  booktitle =	 o13 # " " # lics,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 jun,
  address =	 "Indianapolis",
}

%% W %%

@InProceedings{wadler+:type-classes,
  author =	 {Philip Wadler and Stephen Blott},
  title =	 {How to make Ad-hoc Polymorphism less ad-hoc},
  booktitle =	 o16 # " " # popl,
  pages =	 {60--76},
  year =	 1989,
  publisher =	 {ACM Press}
}

@inproceedings{wadler:comprehending-monads,
  author =	 "Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "Comprehending Monads",
  year =	 1992,
  booktitle =	 "Mathematical Structures in Computer Science",
  volume =	 2,
  pages =	 "461--493",
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
}

@inproceedings{wadler:effects-to-monads,
  author =	 "Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "The Marriage of Effects and Monads",
  booktitle =	 1998 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 sep,
  address =	 "Baltimore",
  pages =	 "63--74"
}

@inproceedings{wadler:fnal-essence,
  author =	 "Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "The Essence of Functional Programming",
  booktitle =	 o19 # " " # popl,
  year =	 1992,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
}

@inproceedings{Wadler89,
  author =	 "Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "Theorems for Free!",
  booktitle =	 "FPCA89:" # " " # fpca,
  year =	 1989,
  month =	 sep,
    pages = "347--359",
  address =	 "London",
}

@inproceedings{wadler:linear-taste,
  author =	 "Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "A taste of linear logic",
  booktitle =	 "Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science",
  year =	 1993,
  publisher =	 springer,
  volume =	 711,
  series =	 lncs,
}

@inproceedings{wadler:linear-world,
  author =	 "Philip Wadler",
  title =	 "Linear types can change the world!",
  booktitle =	 "IFIP Working Conference on Programming Concepts and
                  Methods",
  address =	 "Sea of Galilee, Israel",
  month =	 apr,
  year =	 1990,
  publisher =	 noholland,
}

@inproceedings{wahbe+:sfi,
  title =	 "Efficient Software-Based Fault Isolation",
  author =	 "Robert Wahbe and Steven Lucco and Thomas Anderson
                  and Susan Graham",
  booktitle =	 o14 # " " # sosp,
  year =	 1993,
  month =	 dec,
  pages =	 "203--216",
  address =	 "Asheville",
}

@TechReport{walker00recursive-alias,
  author =	 {David Walker and Greg Morrisett},
  title =	 {Alias Types for Recursive Data Structures},
  institution =	 cornell-cs,
  year =	 2000,
  number =	 {TR2000-1787},
  address =	 ith-ny,
  month =	 mar,
  note =	 {submitted for publication}
}


@InProceedings{walker00,
  author = 	 {David Walker},
  title = 	 {A Type System for Expressive Security Policies},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages 
January 19 - 21, 2000, Boston, MA USA},
  pages =	 {254--267},
  year =	 2000,
  publisher =	 {ACM Press}
}

@InProceedings{watanabe+:reflection-oo,
  author = 		  {Takuo Watanabe and Akinori Yonezawa},
  title = 		  {Reflection in an Object-Oriented Concurrent Language},
  booktitle = 	  oopsla,
  pages =		  {306--315},
  year =			  1988
}

@inproceedings{wand:hoal,
  author =	 "Mitchell Wand",
  title =	 "Correctness of Procedure Representations in
                  Higher-Order Assembly Language",
  booktitle =	 mfps,
  year =	 1991,
  volume =	 598,
  publisher =	 springer,
  series =	 1992,
  pages =	 "294--311",
}



@TechReport{washburn+:itaname-tr,
  author = 		  {Geoffrey Washburn and Stephanie Weirich},
  title = 		  {Unifying nominal and structural ad-hoc polymorphism (Extended version)},
  institution =  {University of Pennsylvania},
  year = 		  2004, 
  note =         { Available at \url{http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~sweirich/} }
}

@Article{wells:typability,
  author = 		  {Joe B. Wells},
  title = 		  {Typability and type checking in System {F} are equivalent and undecidable},
  journal = 	  {Ann. Pure Appl. Logic},
  year = 		  1999,
  volume =		  98,
  number =		  {1--3},
  pages =		  {111--156}
}

@book{whitehead+:principia,
  author =	 "Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell",
  title =	 "Principia Mathematica",
  publisher =	 cambridge-press,
  year =	 "1910",
  edition =	 "2nd",
}

@InProceedings{wickline98rtcg,
  author = 	 {Philip Wickline and Peter Lee and Frank Pfenning},
  title = 	 {Run-time Code Generation and Modal-{ML}},
  booktitle = 	 1998 # " " # pldi,
  pages =	 {224--235},
  year =	 1998,
  month =	 jun,
  organization = {ACM SIGPLAN}
}

@article{wright+:syntactic-soundness,
  author =	 "Andrew K. Wright and Matthias Felleisen",
  title =	 "A Syntactic Approach to Type Soundness",
  journal =	 iandc,
  volume =	 115,
  pages =	 "38--94",
  year =	 1994,
}

@article{wright:value-restriction,
  author =	 "Andrew K. Wright",
  title =	 "Simple Imperative Polymorphism",
  journal =	 "Lisp and Symbolic Computation",
  volume =	 8,
  number =	 4,
  month =	 dec,
  year =	 1995,
  pages =	 "343--356",
}


%% X %%
@inproceedings{xi+:dependent-types-practical,
  author =	 "Hongwei Xi and Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "Dependent Types in Practical Programming",
  booktitle =	 o26 # " " # popl,
  address =	 "San Antonio, Texas",
  month =	 jan,
  year =	 1999,
  pages =	 "214--227",
}

@PhdThesis{xi:phd,
  author =	 {Hongwei Xi},
  title =	 {Dependent Types in Practical Programming},
  school =	 {Carnegie Mellon University},
  year =	 1998,
  address =	 {Pittsburgh, PA},
  month =	 sep
}



@InProceedings{xi+:guarded-datatype,
  author = 		  {Hongwei Xi and Chiyan Chen and Gang Chen},
  title = 		  {Guarded Recursive Datatype Constructors},
  booktitle =	  o30 # " " # popl,
  pages =		  {224--235},
  year =			  2003,
  address =		  {New Orleans, LA, USA},
  month =		  jan
}

%% Y %%

@InProceedings{yang:encoding_types,
  author = 	 {Zhe Yang},
  title = 	 {Encoding Types in {ML}-like languages},
  booktitle = 	 1998 # " " # icfp,
  year =	 1998,
  volume =	 34,
  series =	 {{ACM} {SIGPLAN} Notices}, 
  address =	 {Baltimore, MD},
  month =	 sep,
  pages = { 289--300 }
}

@inproceedings{ zenger01extensible,
    author = {Matthias Zenger and Martin Odersky},
    title = {Extensible Algebraic Datatypes with Defaults},
    year = 2001,
    month = "September",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the International Conference on Functional Programming",
    address = {Firenze, Italy},
    url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/zenger01extensible.html} }

%% Z %%



%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

@inproceedings{nanevski:namenec,
 author = {Aleksandar Nanevski},
 title = {Meta-programming with names and necessity},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the seventh ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming},
 year = {2002},
 isbn = {1-58113-487-8},
 pages = {206--217},
 location = {Pittsburgh, PA, USA},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/581478.581498},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 }

@inproceedings{loh+:dependgen,
 author = {Andres L\"oh and Dave Clarke and Johan Jeuring},
 title = {Dependency-style Generic Haskell},
 booktitle = proc # o8 # icfp,
 year = 2003,
 pages = {141-152},
 location = {Uppsala, Sweden},
 }

@inproceedings{nanevsk:dynamic,
 author = {Aleksandar Nanevski},
 title = {From dynamic binding to state via modal possibility},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Principles and practice of declaritive programming},
 year = {2003},
 isbn = {1-58113-705-2},
 pages = {207--218},
 location = {Uppsala, Sweden},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/888251.888271},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 }



@inproceedings{ambler+:hybrid,
  author = {Simon Ambler and Roy L. Crole and Alberto Momigliano},
  title     = {Combining Higher Order Abstract Syntax with Tactical Theorem Proving and (Co)Induction},
  booktitle     = {Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics, 15th International Conference,
               TPHOLs 2002, Hampton, VA, USA, August 20-23, 2002, Proceedings},
  publisher = {Springer},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = 2410,
  year      = 2002,
  isbn      = {3-540-44039-9},
}

@Unpublished{washburn:modal-spec,
author = {Geoffrey Washburn},
title = {Modal Typing for Specifying Run-time Code Generation},
note = {Available from \url{http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~geoffw/research/}},
year = {2001}
}

@inproceedings{acar+:selective-mem,
  author =	 "Umut Acar and Guy Blelloch and Robert Harper",
  title =	 "Selective Memoization",
  booktitle =	 o30 # " " # popl,
  year =	 2002,
  month =	 jan,
  address =	 "New Orleans, LA",
}

@InProceedings{miller:mllam,
  author = 	 {Dale Miller},
  title = 	 {An Extension to {ML} to Handle Bound Variables in Data Structures: Preliminary Report},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the Logical Frameworks BRA Workshop},
  year =	 1990,
  month =	 may
}

@article{dp:modal-logic-comp,
  author =	 "Rowan Davies and Frank Pfenning",
  title =	 "A Modal Analysis of Staged Computation",
  journal =	 jacm,
  year =	 2001,
  volume =	 48,
  number =	 3,
  month =	 "May",
  pages =	 "555--604",
}

@inproceedings{pitts:fresh,
 author = {Andrew M. Pitts},
 title = {A fresh approach to representing syntax with static binders in functional programming},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the sixth ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming},
 year = {2001},
 isbn = {1-58113-415-0},
 pages = {1--1},
 location = {Florence, Italy},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/507635.507637},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 }


@Unpublished{weirich:type-erasure,
  author = 		  {Stephanie Weirich},
  title = 		  {Higher-Order Intensional Type Analysis in Type-Erasure Semantics},
  note = 		  {Available from \url{http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~sweirich/}},
  year =			  2003
}


@inproceedings{lammel:boilerplate,
 author    = {Ralf L\"ammel and Simon {Peyton Jones}},
 title     = "Scrap your boilerplate:
              a practical design pattern for generic programming",
 year      = "2003",
 booktitle = "Proc.\ of the ACM SIGPLAN Workshop
              on Types in Language Design and Implementation (TLDI~2003)"
}


@inproceedings{dreyer+:modules,
 author = {Derek Dreyer and Karl Crary and Robert Harper},
 title = {A type system for higher-order modules},
 booktitle = proc # o30 # popl,
 year = {2003},
 isbn = {1-58113-628-5},
 pages = {236--249},
 location = {New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/604131.604151},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 }

@InProceedings{Leifer:2003:GAS,
  author =       "James J. Leifer and Gilles Peskine and Peter Sewell
                 and Keith Wansbrough",
  title =        "Global abstraction-safe marshalling with hash types",
  booktitle =    proc # o8 # icfp,
  year =         "2003",
  pages =        "87--98",
  address =      "Uppsala, Sweden"
} 

@TechReport{washburn+:mtr,
  author = 		  {Geoff Washburn and Stephanie Weirich},
  title = 		  {Unifying nominal and structural ad-hoc polymorphism},
  institution =  {University of Pennsylvania},
  year = 		  2003,
  note =			  {Available from \url{http://www.cis.upenn.edu/\~\ washburn/research/}}
}

@inproceedings{Remy:popl89,
  author       = "Didier Remy",
  title        = "Records and Variants as a natural Extension of {ML}",
  booktitle    = "Sixteenth Annual Symposium on
                  Principles Of Programming Languages",
  year         = 1989,
  note          = "Available from \url{http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/75277.75284}",
}


@TechReport{vytiniotis+:mtr,
  author = 	 {Dimitrios Vytiniotis and Geoffrey Washburn and Stephanie Weirich},
  title = 	 {An Open and Shut Typecase},
  institution =  {University of Pennsylvania},
  year = 	 {2004},
  number = 	 {MS-CIS-04-26},
  note = 	 {Available from \url{http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~dimitriv/itaname}}
}

@TechReport{zenger+:expression,
  author =       {Matthias Zenger and Martin Odersky.},
  title =        {Independently Extensible Solutions to the Expression Problem},
  institution =  {EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland},
  year =         2004,
  number =       {IC/2004/33}
}

@Book{Nipkow-Paulson-Wenzel:2002,
  author	= {Tobias Nipkow and Lawrence C. Paulson and Markus Wenzel},
  title		= {Isabelle/HOL --- A Proof Assistant for Higher-Order Logic},
  publisher	= {Springer},
  series	= {LNCS},
  volume	= 2283,
  year		= 2002}


@inproceedings{mellies:rectypes,
 author = {Paul-Andr\'{e} Melli\`{e}s and J\'{e}r\^{o}me Vouillon},
 title = {Recursive Polymorphic Types and Parametricity in an Operational Framework},
 booktitle = {LICS '05: Proceedings of the 20th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS' 05)},
 year = {2005},
 isbn = {0-7695-2266-1},
 pages = {82--91},
 doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LICS.2005.42},
 publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
 address = {Washington, DC, USA},
 }

@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/esop/Ahmed06,
  author    = {Amal J. Ahmed},
  title     = {Step-Indexed Syntactic Logical Relations for Recursive and
               Quantified Types.},
  booktitle = {ESOP},
  year      = {2006},
  pages     = {69-83},
  ee        = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11693024_6},
  crossref  = {DBLP:conf/esop/2006},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@proceedings{DBLP:conf/esop/2006,
  editor    = {Peter Sestoft},
  title     = {Programming Languages and Systems, 15th European Symposium
               on Programming, ESOP 2006, Held as Part of the Joint European
               Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2006,
               Vienna, Austria, March 27-28, 2006, Proceedings},
  booktitle = {ESOP},
  publisher = {Springer},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = {3924},
  year      = {2006},
  isbn      = {3-540-33095-X},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}


@article{appel01:indexed,
 author = {Andrew W. Appel and David McAllester},
 title = {An indexed model of recursive types for foundational proof-carrying code},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
 volume = {23},
 number = {5},
 year = {2001},
 issn = {0164-0925},
 pages = {657--683},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/504709.504712},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@Article{johann:higher-order-poly,
  author = 		  {Patricia Johann},
  title = 		  {On Proving the Correctness of Program Transformations based
on Free Theorems for Higher-Order Polymorphic Lambda
Calculi},
  journal = 	  {Math. Struct. Comp. Sci.},
  year = 		  2005,
  number =		  15,
  pages =		  {201--229}
}


@inproceedings{johann04:seq,
 author = {Johann, Patricia and Voigtl\"{a}nder, Janis},
 title = {Free theorems in the presence of seq},
 booktitle = {POPL '04: Proceedings of the 31st ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
 year = {2004},
 isbn = {1-58113-729-X},
 pages = {99--110},
 location = {Venice, Italy},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/964001.964010},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@InCollection{PittsAM:typor,
  author =	 {A. M. Pitts},
  title =	 {Typed Operational Reasoning},
  booktitle =	 {Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages},
  pages =	 {245--289},
  publisher =	 {The MIT Press},
  year =	 2005,
  editor =	 {B. C. Pierce},
  chapter =	 7,
  isbn =	 {0-262-16228-8}
}

@techreport{simonet-pottier:gadt-inference,
  AUTHOR = {Vincent Simonet and Fran\c{c}ois Pottier},
  TITLE = {Constraint-Based Type Inference with Guarded Algebraic Data Types},
  URL = {http://pauillac.inria.fr/~fpottier/publis/simonet-pottier-hmg.ps.gz},
  institution = {INRIA},
  MONTH = JUL,
  YEAR = {2003} }

@ARTICLE{simonet-pottier-hmg-toplas,
  AUTHOR = {Vincent Simonet and Francois Pottier},
  TITLE = {A Constraint-Based Approach to Guarded Algebraic Data
                 Types},
  MONTH = JAN,
  YEAR = {2007},
  JOURNAL = {ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and
                 Systems},
  VOLUME = {29},
  NUMBER = {1},
}




@article{         Pitts00,
author =          "Andrew M. Pitts",
title =           "Parametric polymorphism and operational equivalence",
journal =         "Mathematical Structures in Computer Science",
volume =          10,
pages =           "321--359",
year =            "2000"
}

@techreport{sulzmann+:eadts,
  author = "Martin Sulzmann and Jeremy Wazny and Peter Stuckey",
  title = "A framework for extended algebraic data types",
  year = 2005, 
  institution = "National University of Singapore",
  keywords = "GADT, type classes"
}


@inproceedings{spj+:gadt,
 author = {Simon {Peyton Jones} and Dimitrios Vytiniotis and Stephanie Weirich and Geoffrey Washburn},
 title = {Simple unification-based type inference for {GADTs}},
 booktitle = {ICFP '06: Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2006},
 isbn = {1-59593-309-3},
 pages = {50--61},
 location = {Portland, Oregon, USA},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

@inproceedings{sulzman+:eadts,
  author    = {Martin Sulzmann and
               Jeremy Wazny and
               Peter J. Stuckey},
  title     = {A Framework for Extended Algebraic Data Types.},
  booktitle = {FLOPS},
  year      = {2006},
  pages     = {47-64},
  ee        = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11737414_5},
  crossref  = {DBLP:conf/flops/2006},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@proceedings{DBLP:conf/flops/2006,
  editor    = {Masami Hagiya and
               Philip Wadler},
  title     = {Functional and Logic Programming, 8th International Symposium,
               FLOPS 2006, Fuji-Susono, Japan, April 24-26, 2006, Proceedings},
  booktitle = {FLOPS},
  publisher = {Springer},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = {3945},
  year      = {2006},
  isbn      = {3-540-33438-6},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@article{crary+:polyrecrelns,
 author = {Crary, Karl and Harper, Robert},
 title = {Syntactic Logical Relations for Polymorphic and Recursive Types},
 journal = {Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci.},
 volume = {172},
 year = {2007},
 issn = {1571-0661},
 pages = {259--299},
 doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2007.02.010},
 publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
 }


@INPROCEEDINGS{Was+Wei:2005,
  AUTHOR = {Geoffrey Washburn and Stephanie Weirich},
  TITLE = {Generalizing Parametricity Using Information Flow},
  BOOKTITLE = {The Twentieth Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS 2005)},  
  YEAR = 2005,
  MONTH = {June},
  PAGES = {62--71},
  ADDRESS = {Chicago, IL},
  ORGANIZATION = {{IEEE} Computer Society},  
  PUBLISHER= {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},	
  PDF = {http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~geoffw/research/papers/lics2005.pdf},
  PLCLUB = "yes",
  ABSTRACT = {
Run-time type analysis allows programmers to easily and concisely define
operations based upon type structure, such as serialization, iterators,
and structural equality.  However, when types can be inspected at run
time, nothing is secret.  A module writer cannot use type abstraction
to hide implementation details from clients: clients can determine the
structure of these supposedly ``abstract'' data types.  Furthermore,
access control mechanisms do not help isolate the implementation of
abstract datatypes from their clients.  Buggy or malicious authorized
modules may leak type information to unauthorized clients, so module
implementors cannot reliably tell which parts of a program rely on their
type definitions.

Currently, module implementors rely on parametric polymorphism to provide
integrity and confidentiality guarantees about their abstract datatypes.
However, standard parametricity does not hold for languages with run-time
type analysis; this paper shows how to generalize parametricity so
that it does.   The key is to augment the type system with annotations
about information-flow.  Implementors can then easily see which parts
of a program depend on the chosen implementation by tracking the flow
of dynamic type information.
  }
}

@incollection{cardelli91extension,
    author = "Luca Cardelli and John C. Mitchell and Simone Martini and Andre Scedrov",
    title = "An Extension of System {F} with Subtyping",
    booktitle = "Proc.\ of 1st Int.\ Symp.\ on Theor.\ Aspects of Computer Software, {TACS}'91, Sendai, Japan, 24--27 Sept 1991",
    volume = "526",
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
    address = "Berlin",
    editor = "Takayasu Ito and Albert R. Meyer",
    pages = "750--770",
    year = "1991",
    url = "citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cardelli91extension.html" }



@inproceedings{donnelly-xi:normalization,
  author    = {Kevin Donnelly and Hongwei Xi},
  title     = "A Formalization of Strong normalization for Simply Typed Lambda-Calculus and {System F}", 
  booktitle = {International Workshop on Logical Frameworks and Meta-Languages: Theory and Practice (LFMTP'06), Seattle, WA},
  year      = {2006},
  pages     = "98--113",
  month     = {Aug},
}


@techreport{sarnat-schuermann:lr,
  author = "Jeffrey Sarnat and Carsten Schurmann",
  title = "On the representation of logical relations in {Twelf}", 
  institution = "Yale University", 
  year = "2006",
  number = "YaleU/DCS/TR-1362"}



@article{harper-mitchell:joperator,
 author = {Robert Harper and John C. Mitchell},
 title = {Parametricity and variants of {Girard's} {J} operator},
 journal = {Inf. Process. Lett.},
 volume = {70},
 number = {1},
 year = {1999},
 issn = {0020-0190},
 pages = {1--5},
 doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-0190(99)00036-8},
 publisher = {Elsevier North-Holland, Inc.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
 }


@PhDThesis{KucanThesis,
author =          "Jacov Ku\v{c}an ",
title =           "Metatheorems about Convertibility in Typed Lambda Calculi: Applications to CPS Transform and Free Theorems",
school =          "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
month =           "February",
year =            "1997"
}



@TechReport{takeuti:lambda-cube,
  year =     {2001},
  month =    jun,
  author = 	 {Izumi Takeuti},
  title = 	 {The Theory of Parametricity in Lambda Cube (Towards new interaction between category theory and proof theory)},
  uri = {\url{http://hdl.handle.net/2433/41237}},
  institution = {Kyoto University Research Information Repository}
}


@article{vytiniotis:rtheorems,
 author = {Dimitrios Vytiniotis and Stephanie Weirich},
 title = {Free Theorems and Runtime Type Representations},
 journal = {Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci.},
 volume = {173},
 year = {2007},
 issn = {1571-0661},
 pages = {357--373},
 doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2007.02.043},
 publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
}

@inproceedings{achten+:compositional-model-views,
  author    = {Peter Achten and
               Marko C. J. D. van Eekelen and
               Marinus J. Plasmeijer},
  title     = {Compositional Model-Views with Generic Graphical User Interfaces.},
  booktitle = {Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages, 6th International
               Symposium, PADL 2004, Dallas, TX, USA, June 18-19, 2004, Proceedings},
  pages     = {39-55},
  year      = {2004}, 
  ee        = {http://springerlink.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article{\&}issn=0302-9743{\&}volume=3057{\&}spage=39},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

@inproceedings{cheney:nameplate,
 author = {James Cheney},
 title = {Scrap your nameplate: (functional pearl)},
 booktitle = {ICFP '05: Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2005},
 isbn = {1-59593-064-7},
 pages = {180--191},
 location = {Tallinn, Estonia},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1086365.1086389},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

@article{pfenning:logical-frameworks,
 author = {Frank Pfenning},
 title = {Logical frameworks},
 journal = {Handbook of automated reasoning},
 year = {2001},
 isbn = {0-444-50812-0},
 pages = {1063--1147},
 publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
 }


@inproceedings{baars+:tdt,
 author = {Arthur I. Baars and S. Doaitse Swierstra},
 title = {Typing dynamic typing},
 booktitle = {ICFP '02: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2002},
 isbn = {1-58113-487-8},
 pages = {157--166},
 location = {Pittsburgh, PA, USA},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/581478.581494},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@inproceedings{cheney-hinze:lightweight-generics,
 author = {James Cheney and Ralf Hinze},
 title = {A lightweight implementation of generics and dynamics},
 booktitle = {Haskell '02: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Haskell},
 year = {2002},
 isbn = {1-58113-605-6},
 pages = {90--104},
 location = {Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/581690.581698},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@inproceedings{lammel:syb-xpath,
 author = {Ralf L\"{a}mmel},
 title = {Scrap your boilerplate with {XPath}-like combinators},
 booktitle = {POPL '07: Proceedings of the 34th annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
 year = {2007},
 isbn = {1-59593-575-4},
 pages = {137--142},
 location = {Nice, France},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1190216.1190240},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@article{weirich:runtime,
 author = {Stephanie Weirich},
 title = {Type-safe run-time polytypic programming},
 journal = {Journal of Functional Programming},
 volume = {16},
 number = {6},
 year = {2006},
 issn = {0956-7968},
 pages = {681--710},
 doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0956796806005879},
 publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

@inproceedings{syb3,
 author = {Ralf L\"{a}mmel and Simon {Peyton Jones}},
 title = "{Scrap your boilerplate with class: extensible generic functions}",
 booktitle = "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN International Conference
               on Functional Programming (ICFP 2005)}",
 year      = {2005},
 pages     = {204--215},
 location  = {Tallinn, Estonia},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 month = sep,
}

@inproceedings{generic-views,
  author = {Stefan Holdermans and Johan Jeuring and Andres L\"{o}h and Alexey Rodriguez}, 
  title  = {Generic Views on Data Types},
  booktitle     = {Mathematics of Program Construction, 
                   8th International Conference, MPC 2006, Kuressaare, Estonia, July 3-5, 2006, Proceedings},
  publisher = {Springer},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = 4014,
  year      = 2006,
  isbn      = {978-3-540-35631-8},
}


@article{harper-pfening:canforms,
 author = {Robert Harper and Frank Pfenning},
 title = {On equivalence and canonical forms in the {LF} type theory},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Comput. Logic},
 volume = {6},
 number = {1},
 year = {2005},
 issn = {1529-3785},
 pages = {61--101},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1042038.1042041},
 publisher = {ACM Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@inproceedings{Pau93a,
    Author = {Christine {Paulin-Mohring}},
    Booktitle = {International Conference on Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications, TLCA '93},
    Date-Modified = {2007-04-25 22:40:20 -0400},
    Pages = {328--345},
    Publisher = {Springer},
    Series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
    Title = {Inductive Definitions in the System {Coq}: Rules and Properties},
    Volume = {664},
    Year = {1993}} 

@MANUAL{ghc,
  author = {The GHC team},
  title = {The {Glasgow Haskell} compiler},
  url = {http://www.haskell.org/ghc/}
}

@MANUAL{coq,
  author = {{The Coq Team}},
  title = {Coq},
  url = {http://coq.inria.fr}
}

@book{            CroleBook,
author =          "Roy Crole",
title =           "Categories for Types",
publisher =       "Cambridge University Press",
year =            "1994"
}


@inproceedings{dreyer:non-parametric,
 author = {Neis, Georg and Dreyer, Derek and Rossberg, Andreas},
 title = {Non-parametric parametricity},
 booktitle = {ICFP '09: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2009},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-332-7},
 pages = {135--148},
 location = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

# doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1596550.1596572},

@inproceedings{voigtlander:type-constructor,
 author = {Voigtl\"{a}nder, Janis},
 title = {Free theorems involving type constructor classes: functional pearl},
 booktitle = {ICFP '09: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2009},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-332-7},
 pages = {173--184},
 location = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1596550.1596577},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@inproceedings{andersson+:fastandloose,
    abstract = {Functional programmers often reason about programs as if they were written in a total language, expecting the results to carry over to non-total (partial) languages. We justify such reasoning.Two languages are defined, one total and one partial, with identical syntax. The semantics of the partial language includes partial and infinite values, and all types are lifted, including the function spaces. A partial equivalence relation (PER) is then defined, the domain of which is the total subset of the partial language. For types not containing function spaces the PER relates equal values, and functions are related if they map related values to related values.It is proved that if two closed terms have the same semantics in the total language, then they have related semantics in the partial language. It is also shown that the PER gives rise to a bicartesian closed category which can be used to reason about values in the domain of the relation.},
    address = {New York, NY, USA},
    author = {Danielsson, Nils A. and Hughes, John and Jansson, Patrik and Gibbons, Jeremy},
    booktitle = {POPL '06: Conference record of the 33rd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages},
    citeulike-article-id = {558255},
    citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1111037.1111056},
    citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1111037.1111056},
    comment = {* Concert Reading Group: 02/13/2006},
    doi = {10.1145/1111037.1111056},
    isbn = {1-59593-027-2},
    keywords = {rg-2006},
    location = {Charleston, South Carolina, USA},
    month = {January},
    number = {1},
    pages = {206--217},
    posted-at = {2009-08-17 19:18:44},
    priority = {2},
    publisher = {ACM},
    title = {Fast and loose reasoning is morally correct},
    url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1111037.1111056},
    volume = {41},
    year = {2006}
}

#  isbn = {978-1-60558-379-2},
#  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1480881.1480926},
@inproceedings{mongagu-remy:modules,
 author = {Montagu, Beno\^{\i}t and R\'{e}my, Didier},
 title = {Modeling abstract types in modules with open existential types},
 booktitle = {POPL '09: Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
 year = {2009},
 pages = {354--365},
 location = {Savannah, GA, USA},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

@phdthesis{dreyer:thesis,
 author = {Dreyer, Derek},
 note = {Co-Chair-Harper, Robert and Co-Chair-Crary, Karl},
 title = {Understanding and evolving the {ML} module system},
 year = {2005},
 isbn = {0-542-01550-1},
 order_no = {AAI3166274},
 publisher = {Carnegie Mellon University},
 address = {Pittsburgh, PA, USA},
 }



@inproceedings{neis+:non-parametric,
 author = {Neis, Georg and Dreyer, Derek and Rossberg, Andreas},
 title = {Non-parametric parametricity},
 booktitle = {ICFP '09: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2009},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-332-7},
 pages = {135--148},
 location = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

# isbn = {1-59593-064-7},
#  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1086365.1086372},
@inproceedings{dreyer:rec-param,
 author = {Dreyer, Derek},
 title = {Recursive type generativity},
 booktitle = {ICFP '05: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2005},
 pages = {41--53},
 location = {Tallinn, Estonia},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

# doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/888251.888274},
@inproceedings{rossberg:generativity,
 author = {Rossberg, Andreas},
 title = {Generativity and dynamic opacity for abstract types},
 booktitle = {PPDP '03: Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Principles and Practice of Declaritive Programming},
 year = {2003},
 isbn = {1-58113-705-2},
 pages = {241--252},
 location = {Uppsala, Sweden},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@article{benje+:universes,
 author = {Benke, Marcin and Dybjer, Peter and Jansson, Patrik},
 title = {Universes for generic programs and proofs in dependent type theory},
 journal = {Nordic J. of Computing},
 volume = {10},
 number = {4},
 year = {2003},
 issn = {1236-6064},
 pages = {265--289},
 publisher = {Publishing Association Nordic Journal of Computing},
 address = {, Finland},
 }

#  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1190315.1190324},
#  isbn = {1-59593-393-X},
@inproceedings{sulzmann+:fc-paper,
 author = {Sulzmann, Martin and Chakravarty, Manuel M. T. and {Peyton Jones}, Simon and Donnelly, Kevin},
 title = {System {F} with type equality coercions},
 booktitle = {TLDI '07: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Types in Languages Design and Implementation},
 year = {2007},
 pages = {53--66},
 location = {Nice, Nice, France},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@article{haskell98,
  author = {Simon {Peyton Jones} and others},
  title = {The {Haskell} 98 Language and Libraries: The Revised Report},
  journal = {Journal of Functional Programming},
  volume = 13,
  number = 1,
  pages = {0--255},
  month = {Jan},
  year = 2003,
  note = {\url{http://www.haskell.org/definition/}},
}

# doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1047659.1040306},
@article{chak+:types,
 author = {Chakravarty, Manuel M. T. and Keller, Gabriele and {Peyton Jones}, Simon and Marlow, Simon},
 title = {Associated types with class},
 journal = {SIGPLAN Not.},
 volume = {40},
 number = {1},
 year = {2005},
 issn = {0362-1340},
 pages = {1--13},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

#  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1086365.1086397},
#  isbn = {1-59593-064-7},
@inproceedings{chak+:synonyms,
 author = {Chakravarty, Manuel M. T. and Keller, Gabriele and {Peyton Jones}, Simon},
 title = {Associated type synonyms},
 booktitle = {ICFP '05: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming},
 year = {2005},
 pages = {241--253},
 location = {Tallinn, Estonia},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@inproceedings{Kiselyov09funwith,
    author = {Oleg Kiselyov and Simon {Peyton Jones} and {Chung-chieh} Shan},
    title = {Fun with type functions},
    booktitle = "Reflections on the work of CAR Hoare",
    editor = "Cliff Jones and Bill Roscoe",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = {2010}
}

@inproceedings{russo:existentials,
 author = {Russo, Claudio V.},
 title = {Non-dependent Types for {Standard ML} Modules},
 booktitle = {PPDP '99: Proceedings of the International Conference PPDP'99 on Principles and Practice of Declarative Programming},
 year = {1999},
 isbn = {3-540-66540-4},
 pages = {80--97},
 publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
 address = {London, UK},
 }


@book{sml-book,
 author = {Milner, Robin and Tofte, Mads and Macqueen, David},
 title = {The  Definition of Standard ML},
 year = {1997},
 isbn = {0262631814},
 publisher = {MIT Press},
 address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
 }



@article{dybjer:ind-rec,
  author = 		  {Peter Dybjer},
  title = 		  {A General Formulation of Simultaneous Inductive-Recursive Definitions in Type Theory},
  journal = 	          { Journal of Symbolic Logic},
  year = 		  2000,
  volume =		  65,
  number =		  2,
  pages =		  {525--549}
}

# isbn = {978-1-59593-919-7},
#  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1411204.1411215},
@inproceedings{shrijvers:open-tyfuns,
 author = {Schrijvers, Tom and {Peyton Jones}, Simon and Chakravarty, Manuel and Sulzmann, Martin},
 title = {Type checking with open type functions},
 booktitle = {ICFP '08: Proceeding of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming},
 year = {2008},
 pages = {51--62},
 location = {Victoria, BC, Canada},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

# doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03359-9_6},
#  isbn = {978-3-642-03358-2},
@inproceedings{agda,
 author = {Bove, Ana and Dybjer, Peter and Norell, Ulf},
 title = {A Brief Overview of {Agda} --- A Functional Language with Dependent Types},
 booktitle = {TPHOLs '09: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics},
 year = {2009},
 pages = {73--78},
 location = {Munich, Germany},
 publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
 address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
 }

@phdthesis{norell:thesis,
  author  = {Ulf Norell},
  title	  = {Towards a practical programming language based on dependent type
	     theory},
  school  = {Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology},
  year	  = 2007,
  month	  = {September},
  address = {SE-412 96 G\"{o}teborg, Sweden}
}




@TechReport{lh05dmlproofs-tr,
  author = 	 {Daniel R. Licata and Robert Harper},
  title = 	 {A Formulation of Dependent {ML} with Explicit Equality Proofs},
  institution =  {Carnegie Mellon University Department of Computer Science},
  year = 	 {2005},
  number = 	 {CMU-CS-05-178},
}

#  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1053468.1053469},
#  issn = {0164-0925},
@article{shao+:certbin,
 author = {Shao, Zhong and Trifonov, Valery and Saha, Bratin and Papaspyrou, Nikolaos},
 title = {A type system for certified binaries},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
 volume = {27},
 number = {1},
 year = {2005},
 pages = {1--45},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@BOOK{ATTAPL,
  EDITOR = {Benjamin C. Pierce},
  TITLE = {Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages},
  PUBLISHER = {MIT Press},
  YEAR = 2005,
  PLCLUB = {Yes},
  BCP = {Yes},
  KEYS = {books},
  HOMEPAGE = {http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/attapl}
}

@inproceedings{weirich+:fc2,
 author = {Weirich, Stephanie and Vytiniotis, Dimitrios and Peyton Jones, Simon and Zdancewic, Steve},
 title = {Generative type abstraction and type-level computation},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on {Principles} of {Programming} {Languages}},
 series = {POPL '11},
 year = {2011},
 isbn = {978-1-4503-0490-0},
 location = {Austin, Texas, USA},
 pages = {227--240},
 numpages = {14},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {haskell, newtype deriving, type functions},
} 




@inproceedings{HarperM95,
  author = {Robert Harper and Greg Morrisett},
  title = {Compiling polymorphism using intensional type analysis},
  booktitle = {POPL '95: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages},
  year = {1995},
  isbn = {0-89791-692-1},
  pages = {130--141},
  location = {San Francisco, California, United States},
  publisher = {ACM},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  ps = {http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~greg/papers/ip-popl.ps}
}



@inproceedings{Altenkirch:ott,
 author = {Altenkirch, Thorsten and McBride, Conor and Swierstra, Wouter},
 title = {Observational equality, now!},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Programming languages meets program verification},
 series = {PLPV '07},
 year = {2007},
 isbn = {978-1-59593-677-6},
 location = {Freiburg, Germany},
 pages = {57--68},
 numpages = {12},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1292597.1292608},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1292597.1292608},
 acmid = {1292608},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {equality, type theory},
} 


@article{ott1,
author = {Thorsten Altenkirch and Conor McBride},
title = {Towards Observational Type Theory},
masid = {4008452}
}

@inproceedings{Miquel:icc,
 author = {Miquel, Alexandre},
 title = {The implicit calculus of constructions: extending pure type systems with an intersection type binder and subtyping},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Typed lambda calculi and applications},
 series = {TLCA'01},
 year = {2001},
 isbn = {3-540-41960-8},
 location = {Krak\&\#243;w, Poland},
 pages = {344--359},
 numpages = {16},
 url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1754621.1754650},
 acmid = {1754650},
 publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
 address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
} 


@inproceedings{barras:icc,
author = {Bruno Barras and Bruno Bernardo},
title = {The Implicit Calculus of Constructions as a Programming Language with Dependent Types},
booktitle = {Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structure},
year = {2008},
pages = {365--379},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-78499-9_26},
masid = {4259647}
}



@InProceedings{swamy+:fstar,
  author = 	 {Nikhil Swamy and Juan Chen and Cedric Fournet and Pierre-Yves Strub and Karthikeyan Bharagavan and Jean Yang},
  title = {Secure Distributed Programming with Value-dependent Types}, 
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixteenth {ACM SIGPLAN} International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP '11)},
  year = 	 2011,
  month = 	 {September},
  note = 	 {To appear.}
}


@inproceedings{tldi12,
  author = {Yorgey, Brent A. and Weirich, Stephanie and Cretin, Julien and 
           Peyton Jones, Simon and Vytiniotis, Dimitrios and
           Magalh\~aes, Jos\'e Pedro},
  title = {Giving {Haskell} a Promotion},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGPLAN workshop on Types in
              language design and implementation},
  series = {TLDI '12},
  year = {2012},
  location = {Philadelphia, PA, USA},
  pages = {53--66},
  doi = {10.1145/2103786.2103795},
  publisher = {ACM},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

@inproceedings{flanagan-hybrid,
 author = {Flanagan, Cormac},
 title = {Hybrid type checking},
 booktitle = {Conference record of the 33rd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages},
 series = {POPL '06},
 year = {2006},
 isbn = {1-59593-027-2},
 location = {Charleston, South Carolina, USA},
 pages = {245--256},
 numpages = {12},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1111037.1111059},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1111037.1111059},
 acmid = {1111059},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {contracts, dynamic checking, static checking, type systems},
} 

@inproceedings{wadler-blame-calculus,
 author = {Wadler, Philip and Findler, Robert Bruce},
 title = {Well-Typed Programs Can't Be Blamed},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th European Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems: Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2009},
 series = {ESOP '09},
 year = {2009},
 isbn = {978-3-642-00589-3},
 location = {York, UK},
 pages = {1--16},
 numpages = {16},
 url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00590-9_1},
 doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00590-9_1},
 acmid = {1532976},
 publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
 address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
} 


@inproceedings{blame-for-all,
 author = {Ahmed, Amal and Findler, Robert Bruce and Matthews, Jacob and Wadler, Philip},
 title = {Blame for all},
 booktitle = {Proceedings for the 1st workshop on Script to Program Evolution},
 series = {STOP '09},
 year = {2009},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-543-7},
 location = {Genova, Italy},
 pages = {1--13},
 numpages = {13},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1570506.1570507},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1570506.1570507},
 acmid = {1570507},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
} 


@InProceedings{siek08:_gradual_inference,
  author = 	 {Jeremy G. Siek and Manish Vachharajani},
  title = 	 {Gradual Typing with Unification-based Inference},
  booktitle =	 {Dynamic Languages Symposium},
  abstract = {Static and dynamic type systems have well-known strengths and
weaknesses. Gradual typing provides the benefits of both in a
single language by giving the programmer control over which portions
of the program are statically checked based on the presence or absence
of type annotations.  This paper studies the combination of gradual
typing and unification-based type inference with the goal of
developing a system that helps programmers increase the amount of
static checking in their program.  The key question in combining
gradual typing and type inference is how should the dynamic type of a
gradual system interact with the type variables of a type inference
system. This paper explores the design space and shows why three
straightforward approaches fail to meet our design goals.  This paper
presents a new type system based on the idea that a solution for a
type variable should be as informative as any type that constrains the
variable.  The paper also develops an efficient inference algorithm
and proves it sound and complete with respect to the type system.
},
  year =	 2008,
  month = {July}
}


@InProceedings{siek06:_gradual,
author = {Jeremy G. Siek and Walid Taha},
title = {Gradual typing for functional languages},
booktitle = {Scheme and Functional Programming Workshop},
year = 2006,
month = {September} 
}


@article{type-error-slicing,
 author = {Haack, Christian and Wells, J. B.},
 title = {Type error slicing in implicitly typed higher-order languages},
 journal = {Sci. Comput. Program.},
 volume = {50},
 issue = {1-3},
 month = {March},
 year = {2004},
 issn = {0167-6423},
 pages = {189--224},
 numpages = {36},
 url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=989777.989786},
 doi = {10.1016/j.scico.2004.01.004},
 acmid = {989786},
 publisher = {Elsevier North-Holland, Inc.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
 keywords = {intersection types, type error location, type inference},
} 


@inproceedings{Tobin-Hochstadt:migration,
 author = {Tobin-Hochstadt, Sam and Felleisen, Matthias},
 title = {Interlanguage migration: from scripts to programs},
 booktitle = {Companion to the 21st ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications},
 series = {OOPSLA '06},
 year = {2006},
 isbn = {1-59593-491-X},
 location = {Portland, Oregon, USA},
 pages = {964--974},
 numpages = {11},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1176617.1176755},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1176617.1176755},
 acmid = {1176755},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {{\$\lambda\$}-calculus, contract, interlanguage migration, module systems},
} 

@book{MacLaneS:catwm,
 author		= {Mac Lane, Saunders},
 title		= {Categories for the Working Mathematician},
 publisher	= {Springer-Verlag},
 series		= {Graduate Texts in Mathematics},
 number		= 5,
 year		= 1971,
 isbn		= 0387900357}

@inproceedings{Licata:2012:CTT:2103656.2103697,
 author = {Licata, Daniel R. and Harper, Robert},
 title = {Canonicity for 2-dimensional type theory},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT {Symposium} on {Principles} of {Programming} {Languages}},
 series = {POPL '12},
 year = {2012},
 isbn = {978-1-4503-1083-3},
 location = {Philadelphia, PA, USA},
 pages = {337--348},
 numpages = {12},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2103656.2103697},
 doi = {10.1145/2103656.2103697},
 acmid = {2103697},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {category theory, dependent types, homotopy type theory, type theory},
} 

@book{Baader:1998:TR:280474,
 author = {Baader, Franz and Nipkow, Tobias},
 title = {Term rewriting and all that},
 year = {1998},
 isbn = {0-521-45520-0},
 publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
} 


@inproceedings{Dershowitz:1983:AR:1623516.1623594,
 author = {Dershowitz, Nachum and Hsiang, Jien and Josephson, N. Alan and Plaisted, David A.},
 title = {Associative-commutative rewriting},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighth international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2},
 series = {IJCAI'83},
 year = {1983},
 location = {Karlsruhe, West Germany},
 pages = {940--944},
 numpages = {5},
 url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1623516.1623594},
 acmid = {1623594},
 publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.},
 address = {San Francisco, CA, USA},
} 

@article{Bachmair:1985:TOA:6947.6948,
 author = {Bachmair, Leo and Plaisted, David A.},
 title = {Termination orderings for associative-commutative rewriting systems},
 journal = {J. Symb. Comput.},
 issue_date = {Dec. 1985},
 volume = {1},
 number = {4},
 month = dec,
 year = {1985},
 issn = {0747-7171},
 pages = {329--349},
 numpages = {21},
 url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0747-7171(85)80019-5},
 doi = {10.1016/S0747-7171(85)80019-5},
 acmid = {6948},
 publisher = {Academic Press, Inc.},
 address = {Duluth, MN, USA},
}