From 7455cbf47e046e3d5ab0a6bd78b0b746c6cfd77b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Glenn Randers-Pehrson Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2011 14:40:36 -0600 Subject: [libpng16] Update internal version numbering and SO-numbers --- example.c | 162 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 158 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'example.c') diff --git a/example.c b/example.c index 105078b9e..6343f21af 100644 --- a/example.c +++ b/example.c @@ -22,11 +22,165 @@ * see also the programs in the contrib directory. */ -#define _POSIX_SOURCE 1 /* libpng and zlib are POSIX-compliant. You may - * change this if your application uses non-POSIX - * extensions. */ +/* The simple, but restricted, approach to reading a PNG file or data stream + * just requires two function calls, as in the following complete program. + * Writing a file just needs one function call, so long as the data has an + * appropriate layout. + * + * The following code reads PNG image data from a file and writes it, in a + * potentially new format, to a new file. While this code will compile there is + * minimal (insufficient) error checking; for a more realistic version look at + * contrib/examples/pngtopng.c + */ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +int main(int argc, const char **argv) +{ + if (argc == 3) + { + png_image image; /* The control structure used by libpng */ + + /* Initialize the 'png_image' structure. */ + memset(&image, 0, sizeof image); + + /* The first argument is the file to read: */ + if (png_image_begin_read_from_file(&image, argv[1])) + { + png_bytep buffer; + + /* Set the format in which to read the PNG file; this code chooses a + * simple sRGB format with a non-associated alpha channel, adequate to + * store most images. + */ + image.format = PNG_FORMAT_RGBA; + + /* Now allocate enough memory to hold the image in this format; the + * PNG_IMAGE_SIZE macro uses the information about the image (width, + * height and format) stored in 'image'. + */ + buffer = malloc(PNG_IMAGE_SIZE(image)); + + /* If enough memory was available read the image in the desired format + * then write the result out to the new file. 'background' is not + * necessary when reading the image because the alpha channel is + * preserved; if it were to be removed, for example if we requested + * PNG_FORMAT_RGB, then either a solid background color would have to + * be supplied or the output buffer would have to be initialized to the + * actual background of the image. + * + * The final argument to png_image_finish_read is the 'row_stride' - + * this is the number of components allocated for the image in each + * row. It has to be at least as big as the value returned by + * PNG_IMAGE_ROW_STRIDE, but if you just allocate space for the + * default, minimum, size using PNG_IMAGE_SIZE as above you can pass + * zero. + */ + if (buffer != NULL && + png_image_finish_read(&image, NULL/*background*/, buffer, + 0/*row_stride*/)) + { + /* Now write the image out to the second argument. In the write + * call 'convert_to_8bit' allows 16-bit data to be squashed down to + * 8 bits; this isn't necessary here because the original read was + * to the 8-bit format. + */ + if (png_image_write_to_file(&image, argv[2], 0/*convert_to_8bit*/, + buffer, 0/*row_stride*/)) + { + /* The image has been written successfully. */ + exit(0); + } + } + } + + /* Something went wrong reading or writing the image. libpng stores a + * textual message in the 'png_image' structure: + */ + fprintf(stderr, "pngtopng: error: %s\n", image.message); + exit (1); + } -#include "png.h" + fprintf(stderr, "pngtopng: usage: pngtopng input-file output-file\n"); + exit(1); +} + +/* That's it ;-) Of course you probably want to do more with PNG files than + * just converting them all to 32-bit RGBA PNG files; you can do that between + * the call to png_image_finish_read and png_image_write_to_file. You can also + * ask for the image data to be presented in a number of different formats. You + * do this by simply changing the 'format' parameter set before allocating the + * buffer. + * + * The format parameter consists of five flags that define various aspects of + * the image, you can simply add these together to get the format or you can use + * one of the predefined macros from png.h (as above): + * + * PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR: if set the image will have three color components per + * pixel (red, green and blue), if not set the image will just have one + * luminance (grayscale) component. + * + * PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA: if set each pixel in the image will have an additional + * alpha value; a linear value that describes the degree the image pixel + * covers (overwrites) the contents of the existing pixel on the display. + * + * PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR: if set the components of each pixel will be returned + * as a series of 16-bit linear values, if not set the components will be + * returned as a series of 8-bit values encoded according to the 'sRGB' + * standard. The 8-bit format is the normal format for images intended for + * direct display, because almost all display devices do the inverse of the + * sRGB transformation to the data they receive. The 16-bit format is more + * common for scientific data and image data that must be further processed; + * because it is linear simple math can be done on the component values. + * Regardless of the setting of this flag the alpha channel is always linear, + * although it will be 8 bits or 16 bits wide as specified by the flag. + * + * PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_BGR: if set the components of a color pixel will be returned + * in the order blue, then green, then red. If not set the pixel components + * are in the order red, then green, then blue. + * + * PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST: if set the alpha channel (if present) precedes the + * color or grayscale components. If not set the alpha channel follows the + * components. + * + * You do not have to read directly from a file. You can read from memory or, + * on systems that support it, from a FILE*. This is controlled by + * the particular png_image_read_from_ function you call at the start. Likewise + * on write you can write to a FILE* if your system supports it. Check the + * macro PNG_STDIO_SUPPORTED to see if stdio support has been included in your + * libpng build. + * + * If you read 16-bit (PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) data you may need to write it in + * the 8-bit format for display. You do this by setting the convert_to_8bit + * flag to 'true'. + * + * Don't repeatedly convert between the 8-bit and 16-bit forms. There is + * significant data loss when 16-bit data is converted to the 8-bit encoding and + * the current libpng implementation of convertion to 16-bit is also + * significantly lossy. The latter will be fixed in the future, but the former + * is unavoidable - the 8-bit format just doesn't have enough resolution. + */ + +/* If your program needs more information from the PNG data it reads, or if you + * need to do more complex transformations, or minimise transformations, on the + * data you read, then you must use one of the several lower level libpng + * interfaces. + * + * All these interfaces require that you do your own error handling - your + * program must be able to arrange for control to return to your own code any + * time libpng encounters a problem. There are several ways to do this, but the + * standard way is to use the ANSI-C (C90) interface to establish a + * return point within your own code. You must do this if you do not use the + * simplified interface (above). + * + * The first step is to include the header files you need, including the libpng + * header file. Include any standard headers and feature test macros your + * program requires before including png.h: + */ +#include /* The png_jmpbuf() macro, used in error handling, became available in * libpng version 1.0.6. If you want to be able to run your code with older -- cgit v1.2.1