%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips, version 5.4 (C) 1986-90 Radical Eye Software %%Title: manual.dvi %%Pages: 19 1 %%BoundingBox: 0 0 596 843 %%EndComments %%BeginProcSet: tex.pro /TeXDict 200 dict def TeXDict begin /N /def load def /B{bind def}N /S /exch load def /X{S N}B /TR /translate load N /isls false N /vsize 10 N /@rigin{ isls{[0 1 -1 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale Resolution VResolution vsize neg mul TR}B /@letter{/vsize 10 N}B /@landscape{ /isls true N /vsize -1 N}B /@a4{/vsize 10.6929133858 N}B /@a3{/vsize 15.5531 N }B /@ledger{/vsize 16 N}B /@legal{/vsize 13 N}B /@manualfeed{statusdict /manualfeed true put}B /@copies{/#copies X}B /FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N /FBB[0 0 0 0 ]N /df{/sf 1 N /fntrx FMat N df-tail}B /dfs{div /sf X /fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0 ]N df-tail}B /df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N /FontMatrix fntrx N /FontBBox FBB N string /base X array /BitMaps X /BuildChar{CharBuilder}N /Encoding IE N end dup{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N load 0 nn put /ctr 0 N[ }B /E{pop nn dup definefont setfont}B /ch-image{ch-data dup type /stringtype ne{ctr get /ctr ctr 1 add N}if}B /ch-width{ch-data dup length 5 sub get}B /ch-height{ch-data dup length 4 sub get}B /ch-xoff{128 ch-data dup length 3 sub get sub}B /ch-yoff{ch-data dup length 2 sub get 127 sub}B /ch-dx{ch-data dup length 1 sub get}B /ctr 0 N /CharBuilder{save 3 1 roll S dup /base get 2 index get S /BitMaps get S get /ch-data X pop /ctr 0 N ch-dx 0 ch-xoff ch-yoff ch-height sub ch-xoff ch-width add ch-yoff setcachedevice ch-width ch-height true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 ch-xoff sub ch-yoff .1 add]{ch-image}imagemask restore}B /D{ /cc X dup type /stringtype ne{]}if nn /base get cc ctr put nn /BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{dup dup length 1 sub dup 2 index S get sf div put}if put /ctr ctr 1 add N}B /I{cc 1 add D}B /bop{userdict /bop-hook known{bop-hook}if /SI save N @rigin 0 0 moveto}B /eop{clear SI restore showpage userdict /eop-hook known{eop-hook}if}B /@start{userdict /start-hook known{start-hook}if /VResolution X /Resolution X 1000 div /DVImag X /IE 256 array N 0 1 255{IE S 1 string dup 0 3 index put cvn put}for}B /p /show load N /RMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N /BDot 8 string N /v{/ruley X /rulex X V}B /V{gsave TR -.1 -.1 TR rulex ruley scale 1 1 false RMat{BDot}imagemask grestore}B /a{moveto}B /delta 0 N /tail{ dup /delta X 0 rmoveto}B /M{S p delta add tail}B /b{S p tail}B /c{-4 M}B /d{ -3 M}B /e{-2 M}B /f{-1 M}B /g{0 M}B /h{1 M}B /i{2 M}B /j{3 M}B /k{4 M}B /l{p -4 w}B /m{p -3 w}B /n{p -2 w}B /o{p -1 w}B /q{p 1 w}B /r{p 2 w}B /s{p 3 w}B /t {p 4 w}B /w{0 rmoveto}B /x{0 S rmoveto}B /y{3 2 roll p a}B /bos{/SS save N}B /eos{clear SS restore}B end %%EndProcSet TeXDict begin 1000 300 300 @start /Fa 7 121 df<1FF0003FFC007FFE00780F00300700 000380000380007F8007FF801FFF803F8380780380700380E00380E00380E00380700780780F80 3FFFFC1FFDFC07F0FC16157D941A>97 D<01F80007FF000FFF801E07C03C01C07800E07000E0E0 0070E00070FFFFF0FFFFF0FFFFF0E000007000007000007800703C00701F01F00FFFE003FFC000 FE0014157D941A>101 D110 D<7F83F0FF8FF87FBFFC03FC3C03F01803E00003C00003C00003800003800003800003 80000380000380000380000380000380000380007FFF00FFFF007FFF0016157E941A>114 D<00C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C0007FFFE0FFFFE0FFFFE001C00001C00001C0 0001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C07001C07001C07001C07000E0E000FF E0007FC0001F00141C7F9B1A>116 D<7F83FCFFC7FE7F83FC0E00E00E00E00E00E00701C00701 C00701C003838003838003838001C70001C70001C70000EE0000EE0000EE00007C00007C000038 0017157F941A>118 D<7FC7F87FCFFC7FC7F80703C003838003C70001EF0000FE00007C000078 00003800007C0000EE0001EE0001C7000383800783C00F01C07FC7FCFFC7FE7FC7FC17157F941A >120 D E /Fb 46 121 df<000FF000007FFC0001F80E0003E01F0007C03F000F803F000F803F 000F801E000F800C000F8000000F8000000F8000000F800000FFFFFF00FFFFFF000F801F000F80 1F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F 801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F000F801F007FF0FFE07FF0FFE01B237FA2 1F>12 D<387CFEFEFE7C3807077C8610>46 D<0000180000380000380000700000700000E00000 E00000E00001C00001C0000380000380000380000700000700000700000E00000E00001C00001C 00001C0000380000380000700000700000700000E00000E00001C00001C00001C0000380000380 000700000700000700000E00000E00000E00001C00001C00003800003800003800007000007000 00E00000E00000C0000015317DA41C>I<00180000780001F800FFF800FFF80001F80001F80001 F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001 F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F80001F8007FFFE07FFFE013207C9F 1C>49 D<03FC000FFF003C1FC07007E07C07F0FE03F0FE03F8FE03F8FE01F87C01F83803F80003 F80003F00003F00007E00007C0000F80001F00003E0000380000700000E01801C0180380180700 180E00380FFFF01FFFF03FFFF07FFFF0FFFFF0FFFFF015207D9F1C>I<00FE0007FFC00F07E01E 03F03F03F03F81F83F81F83F81F81F03F81F03F00003F00003E00007C0001F8001FE0001FF0000 07C00001F00001F80000FC0000FC3C00FE7E00FEFF00FEFF00FEFF00FEFF00FC7E01FC7801F81E 07F00FFFC001FE0017207E9F1C>I<0000E00001E00003E00003E00007E0000FE0001FE0001FE0 0037E00077E000E7E001C7E00187E00307E00707E00E07E00C07E01807E03807E07007E0E007E0 FFFFFEFFFFFE0007E00007E00007E00007E00007E00007E00007E000FFFE00FFFE17207E9F1C> I<1000201E01E01FFFC01FFF801FFF001FFE001FF8001BC00018000018000018000018000019FC 001FFF001E0FC01807E01803E00003F00003F00003F80003F83803F87C03F8FE03F8FE03F8FC03 F0FC03F07007E03007C01C1F800FFF0003F80015207D9F1C>I<001F8000FFE003F07007C0F00F 01F81F01F83E01F83E01F87E00F07C00007C0000FC0800FC7FC0FCFFE0FD80F0FF00F8FE007CFE 007CFC007EFC007EFC007EFC007E7C007E7C007E7C007E3C007C3E007C1E00F80F00F00783E003 FFC000FF0017207E9F1C>I<6000007800007FFFFE7FFFFE7FFFFC7FFFF87FFFF87FFFF0E00060 E000C0C00180C00300C00300000600000C00001C0000180000380000780000780000F00000F000 00F00001F00001F00001F00003F00003F00003F00003F00003F00003F00003F00001E00017227D A11C>I<000070000000007000000000F800000000F800000000F800000001FC00000001FC0000 0003FE00000003FE00000003FE00000006FF000000067F0000000E7F8000000C3F8000000C3F80 0000183FC00000181FC00000381FE00000300FE00000300FE00000600FF000006007F00000E007 F80000FFFFF80000FFFFF800018001FC00018001FC00038001FE00030000FE00030000FE000600 007F000600007F00FFE00FFFF8FFE00FFFF825227EA12A>65 D<0003FE0080001FFF818000FF01 E38001F8003F8003E0001F8007C0000F800F800007801F800007803F000003803F000003807F00 0001807E000001807E00000180FE00000000FE00000000FE00000000FE00000000FE00000000FE 00000000FE00000000FE000000007E000000007E000001807F000001803F000001803F00000380 1F800003000F8000030007C000060003F0000C0001F800380000FF00F000001FFFC0000003FE00 0021227DA128>67 DIII72 DI76 DI<0007FC0000003FFF800000FC07E00003F0 01F80007E000FC000FC0007E001F80003F001F80003F003F00001F803F00001F807F00001FC07E 00000FC07E00000FC0FE00000FE0FE00000FE0FE00000FE0FE00000FE0FE00000FE0FE00000FE0 FE00000FE0FE00000FE0FE00000FE07E00000FC07F00001FC07F00001FC03F00001F803F80003F 801F80003F000FC0007E0007E000FC0003F001F80000FC07E000003FFF80000007FC000023227D A12A>79 DI<01FC0407FF8C1F03 FC3C007C7C003C78001C78001CF8000CF8000CFC000CFC0000FF0000FFE0007FFF007FFFC03FFF F01FFFF80FFFFC03FFFE003FFE0003FF00007F00003F00003FC0001FC0001FC0001FE0001EE000 1EF0003CFC003CFF00F8C7FFE080FF8018227DA11F>83 D<7FFFFFFF807FFFFFFF807E03F80F80 7803F807807003F803806003F80180E003F801C0E003F801C0C003F800C0C003F800C0C003F800 C0C003F800C00003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F8 00000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003 F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F8000003FFFFF80003FFFFF80022 227EA127>I86 D<07FC001FFF803F07C03F03 E03F01E03F01F01E01F00001F00001F0003FF003FDF01FC1F03F01F07E01F0FC01F0FC01F0FC01 F0FC01F07E02F07E0CF81FF87F07E03F18167E951B>97 DI<00FF8007FFE00F83F01F03F03E03F07E03F07C01E07C0000 FC0000FC0000FC0000FC0000FC0000FC00007C00007E00007E00003E00301F00600FC0E007FF80 00FE0014167E9519>I<0001FE000001FE0000003E0000003E0000003E0000003E0000003E0000 003E0000003E0000003E0000003E0000003E0000003E0001FC3E0007FFBE000F81FE001F007E00 3E003E007E003E007C003E00FC003E00FC003E00FC003E00FC003E00FC003E00FC003E00FC003E 00FC003E007C003E007C003E003E007E001E00FE000F83BE0007FF3FC001FC3FC01A237EA21F> I<00FE0007FF800F87C01E01E03E01F07C00F07C00F8FC00F8FC00F8FFFFF8FFFFF8FC0000FC00 00FC00007C00007C00007E00003E00181F00300FC07003FFC000FF0015167E951A>I<003F8000 FFC001E3E003C7E007C7E00F87E00F83C00F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F8000FFFC00FF FC000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F 80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80007FF8007FF80013237FA211>I<03FC1E0FFF7F1F0F8F 3E07CF3C03C07C03E07C03E07C03E07C03E07C03E03C03C03E07C01F0F801FFF0013FC00300000 3000003800003FFF801FFFF00FFFF81FFFFC3800FC70003EF0001EF0001EF0001EF0001E78003C 7C007C3F01F80FFFE001FF0018217E951C>II<1C003F007F007F007F003F001C000000000000000000000000000000FF 00FF001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F00 FFE0FFE00B247EA310>I<0038007C00FE00FE00FE007C00380000000000000000000000000000 03FE03FE003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E003E00 3E003E003E003E003E003E783EFC3EFC3CFC7C78F87FE01F800F2E83A311>I108 DI I<00FE0007FFC00F83E01E00F03E00F87C007C7C007C7C007CFC007EFC007EFC007EFC007EFC00 7EFC007EFC007E7C007C7C007C3E00F81F01F00F83E007FFC000FE0017167E951C>II114 D<0FF3003FFF00781F00600700E00300E00300F00300FC00007FE0007F F8003FFE000FFF0001FF00000F80C00780C00380E00380E00380F00700FC0E00EFFC00C7F00011 167E9516>I<0180000180000180000180000380000380000780000780000F80003F8000FFFF00 FFFF000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F8180 0F81800F81800F81800F81800F830007C30003FE0000F80011207F9F16>IIIII E /Fc 1 98 df<03CC0E2E181C381C301C701CE038E038E038E038C072C072C07260F2 61341E180F107C8F14>97 D E /Fd 2 104 df<007001C0038007000700070007000700070007 000700070007000700070007000E001C00F0001C000E0007000700070007000700070007000700 07000700070007000700038001C000700C257D9B13>102 DI E /Fe 34 122 df<00FC000182000703000607000E02000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0000FFFF000E 07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E07000E 07007F0FE0131A809915>12 D<60F0F868080808101020C0050B7D990B>39 D<60F0F07010101020204080040B7D830B>44 D<60F0F06004047D830B>46 D<078018603030303060186018E01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01CE01C6018 601870383030186007800E187E9713>48 D<0F8010E02070607870382038007800700070006000 C00F8000E000700038003C003CE03CE03CC03C4038407030E00F800E187E9713>51 D<60F0F060000000000000000060F0F0701010102020408004177D8F0B>59 D<000C0000000C0000000C0000001E0000001E0000003F00000027000000270000004380000043 8000004380000081C0000081C0000081C0000100E0000100E00001FFE000020070000200700006 007800040038000400380008001C0008001C001C001E00FF00FFC01A1A7F991D>65 DI70 D78 D<0FC21836200E6006C006C002C002C0 02E00070007E003FE01FF807FC003E000E00070003800380038003C002C006E004D81887E0101A 7E9915>83 D91 D93 D<3F8070C070E020700070007007F01C7030707070E0 70E071E071E0F171FB1E3C10107E8F13>97 DI<07F80C1C381C30087000E000E0 00E000E000E000E0007000300438080C1807E00E107F8F11>I<007E00000E00000E00000E0000 0E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0003CE000C3E00380E00300E00700E00E00E00E00E00E0 0E00E00E00E00E00E00E00600E00700E00381E001C2E0007CFC0121A7F9915>I<07C01C303018 7018600CE00CFFFCE000E000E000E0006000300438080C1807E00E107F8F11>I<01F003180738 0E100E000E000E000E000E000E00FFC00E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E 000E000E007FE00D1A80990C>I<0FCE187330307038703870387038303018602FC02000600070 003FF03FFC1FFE600FC003C003C003C0036006381C07E010187F8F13>I<18003C003C00180000 0000000000000000000000FC001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C00 1C00FF80091A80990A>105 D108 DII<07E01C38300C700E6006E007E007E007E007E007E0076006700E381C1C 3807E010107F8F13>II114 D<1F2060E04020C020C020F0007F003FC01FE000F080708030C030C020F0 408F800C107F8F0F>I<0400040004000C000C001C003C00FFC01C001C001C001C001C001C001C 001C001C201C201C201C201C200E4003800B177F960F>I II120 DI E /Ff 3 51 df<00C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C000FFFF80FFFF 8000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00000C00011147E8F17>43 D<0C003C00CC000C000C000C000C000C000C000C000C000C000C000C000C00FF8009107E8F0F> 49 D<1F00618040C08060C0600060006000C00180030006000C00102020207FC0FFC00B107F8F 0F>I E /Fg 5 107 df<07E01FF83FFC7FFE7FFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7FFE7F FE3FFC1FF807E010127D9317>15 D<000000040000000002000000000200000000010000000000 8000000000400000000020FFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFFFC000000002000000000400000000080000000 010000000002000000000200000000040026107D922D>33 D<000F0038006000E001C001C001C0 01C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C0038007001E00F8001E000700038001 C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C000E000600038000F102D 7DA117>102 DI 106 D E /Fh 2 51 df<03000700FF000700070007000700070007000700070007000700070007 00070007000700070007007FF00C157E9412>49 D<0F8030E040708030C038E038403800380070 0070006000C00180030006000C08080810183FF07FF0FFF00D157E9412>I E /Fi 44 121 df<387CFEFFFF7F3B030306060E0C18702008107C9F0F>39 D<387CFEFEFE7C3807077C860F>46 D<00E00001E0000FE000FFE000F3E00003E00003E00003E0 0003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E0 0003E00003E00003E00003E00003E00003E000FFFF80FFFF80111D7C9C1A>49 D<07F0001FFE00383F007C1F80FE0FC0FE0FC0FE0FE0FE07E07C07E03807E0000FE0000FC0000F C0001F80001F00003E0000780000F00000E00001C0000380600700600E00601C00E01FFFC03FFF C07FFFC0FFFFC0FFFFC0131D7D9C1A>I<01FC0007FF000E0F801E0FC03F07E03F07E03F07E03F 07E01E0FC0000FC0000F80001F0001FC0001FC00000F800007C00003E00003F00003F83803F87C 03F8FE03F8FE03F8FE03F0FC03F07807E03C0FC01FFF8003FC00151D7E9C1A>I<0001C00003C0 0007C00007C0000FC0001FC0003BC00073C00063C000C3C00183C00383C00703C00E03C00C03C0 1803C03803C07003C0E003C0FFFFFEFFFFFE0007C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C000FFFE 00FFFE171D7F9C1A>I<3803803FFF803FFF003FFE003FFC003FF0003F80003000003000003000 0030000033F8003FFE003C1F00380F803007C00007C00007E00007E07807E0FC07E0FC07E0FC07 E0FC07C0780FC0600F80381F001FFC0007F000131D7D9C1A>I<003F0001FFC007E0E00F81E01F 03F01E03F03E03F07C03F07C01E07C0000FC1000FCFF00FDFFC0FD03E0FE01F0FE01F0FC01F8FC 01F8FC01F8FC01F87C01F87C01F87C01F83C01F03E01F01E03E00F07C007FF8001FE00151D7E9C 1A>I<6000007FFFF87FFFF87FFFF07FFFE07FFFE0E001C0C00380C00700C00E00000C00001C00 00380000780000780000F00000F00000F00001F00001F00001F00003F00003F00003F00003F000 03F00003F00003F00003F00001E000151E7D9D1A>I<01FC0007FF000E07801C01C01800E03800 E03800E03C00E03F00E03FC1C01FE3801FFF000FFE0007FF8007FFC01FFFE03C3FF0780FF07803 F8F001F8F000F8F00078F00078F000707800707C00E03E03C00FFF8003FC00151D7E9C1A>I<00 00E000000000E000000001F000000001F000000001F000000003F800000003F800000006FC0000 0006FC0000000EFE0000000C7E0000000C7E000000183F000000183F000000303F800000301F80 0000701FC00000600FC00000600FC00000C007E00000FFFFE00001FFFFF000018003F000018003 F000030001F800030001F800060001FC00060000FC000E0000FE00FFE00FFFE0FFE00FFFE0231F 7E9E28>65 DI<0007FC02003FFF0E00FE03DE03F000FE07E000 3E0FC0001E1F80001E3F00000E3F00000E7F0000067E0000067E000006FE000000FE000000FE00 0000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE0000007E0000007E0000067F0000063F0000063F00000C1F 80000C0FC0001807E0003803F0007000FE01C0003FFF800007FC001F1F7D9E26>I III73 D76 D<001FF80000FFFF0001F81F8007E007E00FC003F01F8001F81F0000F83F0000FC7F0000FE7E00 007E7E00007EFE00007FFE00007FFE00007FFE00007FFE00007FFE00007FFE00007FFE00007FFE 00007F7E00007E7F0000FE7F0000FE3F0000FC3F8001FC1F8001F80FC003F007E007E001F81F80 00FFFF00001FF800201F7D9E27>79 DI82 D<03FC080FFF381E03F83800F8700078700038F00038F00018F00018F80000FC00007FC0007FFE 003FFF801FFFE00FFFF007FFF000FFF80007F80000FC00007C00003CC0003CC0003CC0003CE000 38E00078F80070FE01E0E7FFC081FF00161F7D9E1D>I<7FFFFFFC7FFFFFFC7C07E07C7007E01C 6007E00C6007E00CE007E00EC007E006C007E006C007E006C007E0060007E0000007E0000007E0 000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007 E0000007E0000007E0000007E0000007E00003FFFFC003FFFFC01F1E7E9D24>I<07FC001FFF00 3F0F803F07C03F03E03F03E00C03E00003E0007FE007FBE01F03E03C03E07C03E0F803E0F803E0 F803E0FC05E07E0DE03FF9FE0FE07E17147F9319>97 DI<01FE0007FF801F0FC03E0FC03E0FC07C0FC07C0300FC0000FC0000FC0000 FC0000FC0000FC00007C00007E00003E00603F00C01F81C007FF0001FC0013147E9317>I<0007 F80007F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F80000F801F8F80FFE F81F83F83E01F87E00F87C00F87C00F8FC00F8FC00F8FC00F8FC00F8FC00F8FC00F87C00F87C00 F87E00F83E01F81F07F80FFEFF03F8FF18207E9F1D>I<01FE0007FF801F83E03F01F07E00F07E 00F8FC00F8FC00F8FFFFF8FFFFF8FC0000FC0000FC00007C00007E00003E00183F00380F807007 FFE000FF8015147F9318>I<001F8000FFC001F3E003E7E003C7E007C7E007C3C007C00007C000 07C00007C00007C000FFFC00FFFC0007C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C000 07C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C00007C0003FFC003FFC0013207F9F10>I<01FC 3C07FFFE0F079E1E03DE3E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E01E03C00F07800FFF0009FC001800 001800001C00001FFF800FFFF007FFF81FFFFC3C007C70003EF0001EF0001EF0001E78003C7800 3C3F01F80FFFE001FF00171E7F931A>II<1C003F007F007F007F003F001C00000000000000000000000000FF00FF001F001F001F00 1F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F00FFE0FFE00B217EA00E>I107 DIII<01FF00 07FFC01F83F03E00F83E00F87C007C7C007CFC007EFC007EFC007EFC007EFC007EFC007E7C007C 7C007C3E00F83E00F81F83F007FFC001FF0017147F931A>II114 D<0FE63FFE701E600EE006E006F800FFC07FF83FFC1FFE03FE001FC007C007E007F006F81EFFFC C7F010147E9315>I<01800180018003800380038007800F803F80FFFCFFFC0F800F800F800F80 0F800F800F800F800F800F800F860F860F860F860F8607CC03F801F00F1D7F9C14>II119 DI E /Fj 73 127 df<70F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F870000000000070F8F8F870051C779B18>33 D<4010E038F078E038E038E038E038E038E038E038E038E038E03860300D0E7B9C18>I<030600 078F00078F00078F00078F00078F00078F007FFFC0FFFFE0FFFFE07FFFC00F1E000F1E000F1E00 0F1E000F1E000F1E007FFFC0FFFFE0FFFFE07FFFC01E3C001E3C001E3C001E3C001E3C001E3C00 0C1800131C7E9B18>I<3803007C07807C0780EE0F80EE0F00EE0F00EE1F00EE1E00EE1E00EE3E 007C3C007C3C00387C0000780000780000F80000F00001F00001E00001E00003E00003C00003C0 0007C0000783800787C00F87C00F0EE00F0EE01F0EE01E0EE01E0EE03E0EE03C07C03C07C01803 8013247E9F18>37 D<387C7C7E3E0E0E0E1C1C38F8F0C0070E789B18>39 D<007000F001E003C007800F001E001C00380038007000700070007000E000E000E000E000E000 E000E000E0007000700070007000380038001C001E000F00078003C001F000F000700C24799F18 >I<6000F00078003C001E000F000780038001C001C000E000E000E000E0007000700070007000 7000700070007000E000E000E000E001C001C0038007800F001E003C007800F00060000C247C9F 18>I<01C00001C00001C00001C000C1C180F1C780F9CF807FFF001FFC0007F00007F0001FFC00 7FFF00F9CF80F1C780C1C18001C00001C00001C00001C00011147D9718>I<00600000F00000F0 0000F00000F00000F00000F00000F0007FFFC0FFFFE0FFFFE07FFFC000F00000F00000F00000F0 0000F00000F00000F00000600013147E9718>I<1C3E7E7F3F1F070E1E7CF860080C788518>I<7F FF00FFFF80FFFF807FFF0011047D8F18>I<3078FCFC78300606778518>I<000300000780000780 000F80000F00001F00001E00001E00003E00003C00007C0000780000780000F80000F00001F000 01E00003E00003C00003C00007C0000780000F80000F00000F00001F00001E00003E00003C0000 3C00007C0000780000F80000F00000F0000060000011247D9F18>I<01F00007FC000FFE001F1F 001C07003803807803C07001C07001C0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000 E0E000E0F001E07001C07001C07803C03803801C07001F1F000FFE0007FC0001F000131C7E9B18 >I<01800380038007800F803F80FF80FB80438003800380038003800380038003800380038003 800380038003800380038003807FFCFFFE7FFC0F1C7B9B18>I<03F0000FFE003FFF007C0F8070 03C0E001C0F000E0F000E06000E00000E00000E00001C00001C00003C0000780000F00001E0000 3C0000780000F00001E00007C0000F80001E00E03C00E07FFFE0FFFFE07FFFE0131C7E9B18>I< 07F8001FFE003FFF007807807803C07801C03001C00001C00003C0000380000F0003FF0003FE00 03FF000007800003C00001C00000E00000E00000E0F000E0F000E0F001C0F003C07C07803FFF00 1FFE0003F800131C7E9B18>I<001F00003F0000770000770000E70001E70001C7000387000787 000707000E07001E07003C0700380700780700F00700FFFFF8FFFFF8FFFFF80007000007000007 00000700000700000700007FF000FFF8007FF0151C7F9B18>I<1FFF803FFF803FFF8038000038 00003800003800003800003800003800003800003BF8003FFE003FFF003C07801803C00001C000 00E00000E06000E0F000E0F000E0E001C07003C07C0F803FFF001FFC0003F000131C7E9B18>I< E00000FFFFE0FFFFE0FFFFE0E003C0E00780000700000E00001E00001C00003800003800007000 00700000E00000E00000E00001C00001C00001C00001C00003C000038000038000038000038000 038000038000038000131D7E9C18>55 D<3078FCFC783000000000000000003078FCFC78300614 779318>58 D<183C7E7E3C180000000000000000183C7E7E3E1E0E1C3C78F060071A789318>I< 000300000780001F80003F00007E0001FC0003F00007E0001FC0003F00007E0000FC0000FC0000 7E00003F00001FC00007E00003F00001FC00007E00003F00001F8000078000030011187D9918> I<7FFFC0FFFFE0FFFFE0FFFFE0000000000000000000000000FFFFE0FFFFE0FFFFE07FFFC0130C 7E9318>I<600000F00000FC00007E00003F00001FC00007E00003F00001FC00007E00003F0000 1F80001F80003F00007E0001FC0003F00007E0001FC0003F00007E0000FC0000F0000060000011 187D9918>I<0FF0003FFC007FFF00700F00F00380F00380600780000F00003E00007C0001F000 01E00003C00003C00003C00003C00003C000038000000000000000000000000000000000038000 07C00007C00007C000038000111C7D9B18>I<007C0001FE0007FF000F87801E03C03C1DC0387F C070FFE071E3E071C1E0E1C1E0E380E0E380E0E380E0E380E0E380E0E380E0E1C1C071C1C071E3 C070FF80387F003C1C001E00E00F83E007FFC001FF80007E00131C7E9B18>I<00700000F80000 F80000D80000D80001DC0001DC0001DC00018C00038E00038E00038E00038E0003060007070007 07000707000707000FFF800FFF800FFF800E03800E03801C01C01C01C07F07F0FF8FF87F07F015 1C7F9B18>I<00F8E003FEE007FFE00F07E01E03E03C01E03800E07000E07000E0700000E00000 E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E000007000007000E07000E03800E03C00E01E01C0 0F07C007FF8003FE0000F800131C7E9B18>67 D69 DI<01F1C003FDC00FFFC01F0FC01C03C03803C03801C07001C070 01C0700000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00FF0E01FF0E00FF07001C07001C07003C038 03C03803C01C07C01F0FC00FFFC003FDC001F1C0141C7E9B18>I<7FFF00FFFF807FFF0001C000 01C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C000 01C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C0007FFF00FFFF807FFF00111C7D9B18> 73 D<7FE000FFE0007FE0000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0000 0E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00700E00700E00700E00700E0070 7FFFF0FFFFF07FFFF0141C7F9B18>76 DI<7E07F0FF0FF87F07F0 1D81C01D81C01D81C01DC1C01CC1C01CC1C01CE1C01CE1C01CE1C01C61C01C71C01C71C01C31C0 1C39C01C39C01C39C01C19C01C19C01C1DC01C0DC01C0DC01C0DC07F07C0FF87C07F03C0151C7F 9B18>I<0FF8003FFE007FFF00780F00700700F00780E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E003 80E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380F00780700700780F 007FFF003FFE000FF800111C7D9B18>I86 D<3FFFE07FFFE07FFFE07001C07003C0700780700700000F00001E00001C00003C000078000070 0000F00001E00001C00003C0000780000700000F00001E00E01C00E03C00E07800E07000E0FFFF E0FFFFE0FFFFE0131C7E9B18>90 DI<600000F00000F00000F800007800007C00003C00003C00 003E00001E00001F00000F00000F00000F800007800007C00003C00003C00003E00001E00001F0 0000F00000F800007800007800007C00003C00003E00001E00001E00001F00000F00000F800007 8000078000030011247D9F18>II<7FFF00FFFF80FFFF807FFF0011047D7F18>95 D<061E3E387070E0E0E0F8FC7C7C38070E789E18>I<1FE0003FF8007FFC00781E00300E000007 0000070000FF0007FF001FFF007F0700780700E00700E00700E00700F00F00781F003FFFF01FFB F007E1F014147D9318>I<7E0000FE00007E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E3E000E FF800FFFC00FC1E00F80E00F00700E00700E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380F00700F 00700F80E00FC1E00FFFC00EFF80063E00151C809B18>I<01FE0007FF001FFF803E0780380300 700000700000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E000007000007001C03801C03E03C01FFF80 07FF0001FC0012147D9318>I<001F80003F80001F8000038000038000038000038000038003E3 800FFB801FFF803C1F80380F80700780700380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E003807007 80700780380F803C1F801FFFF00FFBF803E3F0151C7E9B18>I<01F00007FC001FFE003E0F0038 0780700380700380E001C0E001C0FFFFC0FFFFC0FFFFC0E000007000007001C03801C03E03C01F FF8007FF0001FC0012147D9318>I<001F80007FC000FFE000E1E001C0C001C00001C00001C000 7FFFC0FFFFC0FFFFC001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C000 01C00001C00001C00001C0007FFF007FFF007FFF00131C7F9B18>I<01E1F007FFF80FFFF81E1E 301C0E003807003807003807003807003807001C0E001E1E001FFC001FF80039E0003800001C00 001FFE001FFFC03FFFE07801F0700070E00038E00038E00038E000387800F07E03F01FFFC00FFF 8001FC00151F7F9318>I<7E0000FE00007E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E3E000E FF800FFFC00FC1C00F80E00F00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E 00E00E00E00E00E07FC3FCFFE7FE7FC3FC171C809B18>I<03800007C00007C00007C000038000 0000000000000000000000007FC000FFC0007FC00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C000 01C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C00001C000FFFF00FFFF80FFFF00111D7C9C18> I<0038007C007C007C003800000000000000000FFC1FFC0FFC001C001C001C001C001C001C001C 001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C001C6038F078FFF07FE03F 800E277E9C18>II<7FE000FFE0007FE00000E00000E00000E000 00E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E000 00E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0007FFFC0FFFFE07FFFC0131C7E9B18>I<7CE0E000FF FBF8007FFFF8001F1F1C001E1E1C001E1E1C001C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C00 1C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C001C1C1C007F1F1F00FFBFBF807F1F1F00191481 9318>I<7E3E00FEFF807FFFC00FC1C00F80E00F00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00 E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E07FC3FCFFE7FE7FC3FC1714809318>I<01F0000FFE001F FF003E0F803803807001C07001C0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000E0E000E0F001E07001C07803C03C 07803E0F801FFF000FFE0001F00013147E9318>I<7E3E00FEFF807FFFC00FC1E00F80E00F0070 0E00700E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380F00700F00700F80E00FC1E00FFFC00EFF80 0E3E000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00007FC000FFE0007FC000151E809318> I<01E38007FB801FFF803E1F80380F80700780700780E00380E00380E00380E00380E00380E003 80700780700780380F803C1F801FFF800FFB8003E3800003800003800003800003800003800003 80000380003FF8003FF8003FF8151E7E9318>I<7F87E0FF9FF07FBFF803F87803F03003E00003 C00003C0000380000380000380000380000380000380000380000380000380007FFE00FFFF007F FE0015147F9318>I<07F7003FFF007FFF00780F00E00700E00700E007007C00007FE0001FFC00 03FE00001F00600780E00380E00380F00380F80F00FFFF00FFFC00E7F00011147D9318>I<0180 000380000380000380000380007FFFC0FFFFC0FFFFC00380000380000380000380000380000380 000380000380000380000380400380E00380E00380E001C1C001FFC000FF80003E0013197F9818 >I<7E07E0FE0FE07E07E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E00E 00E00E00E00E00E00E01E00F03E007FFFC03FFFE01FCFC1714809318>I<7F8FF0FF8FF87F8FF0 1E03C00E03800E03800E0380070700070700070700038E00038E00038E00038E0001DC0001DC00 01DC0000F80000F80000700015147F9318>II<7F8FF07F9FF07F8FF0070700078E00039E0001DC0001F80000F80000700000 F00000F80001DC00039E00038E000707000F07807F8FF0FF8FF87F8FF015147F9318>I<7F8FF0 FF8FF87F8FF00E01C00E03800E0380070380070700070700038700038600038E0001CE0001CE00 00CC0000CC0000DC0000780000780000780000700000700000700000F00000E00079E0007BC000 7F80003F00001E0000151E7F9318>I<0007E0001FE0007FE000780000E00000E00000E00000E0 0000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00001E0007FC000FF8000FF80007FC00001E0 0000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E000007800007F E0001FE00007E013247E9F18>123 D<60F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0 F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0600424769F18>I<7C0000FF0000FFC00003C00000E00000E00000 E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000F000007FC0003FE0003FE000 7FC000F00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00003 C000FFC000FF00007C000013247E9F18>I<060C1F1E3FBEFBF8F1F060C00F067C9B18>I E /Fk 27 121 df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l 40 122 df<0001FF0000001FFFC000007F80F00000FE00F80003FC01FC0003 F803FC0007F003FC0007F003FC0007F003FC0007F001F80007F000F00007F000000007F0000000 07F000000007F0000000FFFFFFFC00FFFFFFFC00FFFFFFFC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC 0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001 FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F001FC0007F0 01FC0007F001FC0007F001FC007FFF1FFFC07FFF1FFFC07FFF1FFFC0222A7FA926>12 D<000E00001E00007E0007FE00FFFE00FFFE00F8FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE 0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE 0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE0000FE007FFFFE7FFFFE7FFF FE17277BA622>49 D<00FF800003FFF0000FFFFC003F03FF007C00FF807C007FC0FE007FC0FF00 3FE0FF003FE0FF003FE0FF001FE07E001FE03C003FE000003FE000003FC000003FC000007F8000 007F800000FF000001FE000001FC000003F0000007E000000FC000001F0000003E0000007C00E0 007800E000F000E001E001C0038001C0070001C00FFFFFC01FFFFFC03FFFFFC07FFFFFC0FFFFFF 80FFFFFF80FFFFFF801B277DA622>I<007F800003FFF00007FFFC001F81FE001F00FF003F80FF 003F807F803FC07F803F807F803F807F801F007F800000FF800000FF000000FF000001FE000003 F8000007F00000FFC00000FFF0000001FC000000FF0000007F8000007FC000003FC000003FE000 003FE000003FE03C003FE07E003FE0FF003FE0FF003FE0FF003FC0FF007FC0FE007F807C00FF80 3F01FF001FFFFC0007FFF00000FF80001B277DA622>I<00000E0000001E0000003E0000007E00 0000FE000000FE000001FE000003FE0000077E00000E7E00000E7E00001C7E0000387E0000707E 0000E07E0000E07E0001C07E0003807E0007007E000E007E000E007E001C007E0038007E007000 7E00E0007E00FFFFFFF8FFFFFFF8FFFFFFF80000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE0000 00FE000000FE000000FE00007FFFF8007FFFF8007FFFF81D277EA622>I<0C0003000F803F000F FFFE000FFFFE000FFFFC000FFFF8000FFFE0000FFFC0000FFE00000E0000000E0000000E000000 0E0000000E0000000E0000000E7FC0000FFFF8000F80FE000E007F000C003F8000003F8000001F C000001FC000001FE000001FE018001FE07E001FE0FE001FE0FE001FE0FE001FE0FE001FE0FE00 1FC078003FC078003F803C007F001F01FE000FFFFC0003FFF00000FF80001B277DA622>I<0007 F000003FFC0000FFFF0001FC0F0007F01F800FE03F800FC03F801FC03F803F803F803F801F007F 8000007F0000007F0000007F000000FF000000FF0FC000FF3FF800FF70FE00FFE03F00FFC03F80 FF801FC0FF801FC0FF801FC0FF001FE0FF001FE0FF001FE0FF001FE07F001FE07F001FE07F001F E07F001FE03F801FC03F801FC01F803F800FC03F8007E0FF0003FFFC0000FFF000003FC0001B27 7DA622>I<380000003E0000003FFFFFF03FFFFFF03FFFFFF07FFFFFE07FFFFFC07FFFFFC07FFF FF8070000F0070001E0070003C00E0003800E0007800E000F0000001E0000003C0000003C00000 07800000078000000F0000001F0000001F0000001F0000003F0000003F0000003E0000007E0000 007E0000007E0000007E000000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE000000FE00 0000FE000000FE0000003800001C297CA822>I<000003800000000007C00000000007C0000000 000FE0000000000FE0000000000FE0000000001FF0000000001FF0000000003FF8000000003FF8 000000003FF80000000073FC0000000073FC00000000F3FE00000000E1FE00000000E1FE000000 01C0FF00000001C0FF00000003C0FF80000003807F80000007807FC0000007003FC0000007003F C000000E003FE000000E001FE000001E001FF000001C000FF000001FFFFFF000003FFFFFF80000 3FFFFFF80000780007FC0000700003FC0000700003FC0000E00001FE0000E00001FE0001E00001 FF0001C00000FF0001C00000FF00FFFE001FFFFEFFFE001FFFFEFFFE001FFFFE2F297EA834>65 D69 DI73 D76 DI80 D<007F806003FFF0E00FFFFFE01F807FE03F001FE07E0007E07E0003E07C0003E0FC0001E0FC00 01E0FC0000E0FE0000E0FE0000E0FF000000FFC000007FFE00007FFFE0003FFFFC003FFFFF001F FFFF8007FFFFC003FFFFE000FFFFF00007FFF000007FF000000FF8000007F8000003F8E00003F8 E00001F8E00001F8E00001F8F00001F8F00001F0F80003F0FC0003E0FF0007E0FFE01FC0FFFFFF 00E0FFFE00C01FF0001D297CA826>83 D<7FFFFFFFFFC07FFFFFFFFFC07FFFFFFFFFC07F803FC0 3FC07E003FC007C078003FC003C078003FC003C070003FC001C0F0003FC001E0F0003FC001E0E0 003FC000E0E0003FC000E0E0003FC000E0E0003FC000E0E0003FC000E000003FC0000000003FC0 000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000 003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0 000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000003FC0000000 003FC00000007FFFFFE000007FFFFFE000007FFFFFE0002B287EA730>I<01FF800007FFF0000F 81FC001FC0FE001FC07F001FC07F001FC03F800F803F8000003F8000003F8000003F80000FFF80 00FFFF8007FC3F801FE03F803F803F807F803F807F003F80FE003F80FE003F80FE003F80FE007F 80FF007F807F00FFC03F83DFFC0FFF0FFC01FC03FC1E1B7E9A21>97 DI<001FF80000FFFE0003F01F000FE03F801FC03F803F803F803F803F 807F801F007F000000FF000000FF000000FF000000FF000000FF000000FF000000FF000000FF00 0000FF0000007F0000007F8000003F8001C03FC001C01FC003C00FE0078003F01F0000FFFC0000 1FE0001A1B7E9A1F>I<00003FF80000003FF80000003FF800000003F800000003F800000003F8 00000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003F800000003 F800000003F800001FE3F80000FFFBF80003F03FF8000FE00FF8001FC007F8003F8003F8003F80 03F8007F8003F8007F0003F800FF0003F800FF0003F800FF0003F800FF0003F800FF0003F800FF 0003F800FF0003F800FF0003F800FF0003F8007F0003F8007F0003F8003F8003F8003F8007F800 1FC00FF8000FE01FF80003F03FFF8000FFF3FF80003FC3FF80212A7EA926>I<003FE00001FFF8 0003F07E000FE03F001FC01F803F800FC03F800FC07F000FC07F0007E0FF0007E0FF0007E0FF00 07E0FFFFFFE0FFFFFFE0FF000000FF000000FF000000FF0000007F0000007F8000003F8000E03F 8001E01FC001C00FE003C003F81F8000FFFE00001FF0001B1B7E9A20>I<0007F0003FFC00FE3E 01FC7F03F87F03F87F07F07F07F03E07F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F000FFFFC0 FFFFC0FFFFC007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F000 07F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F0007FFF807FFF807FFF80 182A7EA915>I<00FF81F003FFE7FC0FC1FE7C1F80FC7C3F80FE7C3F007E107F007F007F007F00 7F007F007F007F007F007F007F007F003F007E003F80FE001F80FC000FC1F8001FFFE00018FF80 00380000003C0000003C0000003E0000003FFFF8003FFFFF001FFFFFC00FFFFFE007FFFFF01FFF FFF07E0007F87C0001F8F80001F8F80000F8F80000F8F80000F8FC0001F87E0003F03F0007E00F C01F8003FFFE00007FF0001E287E9A22>I I<07001FC01FE03FE03FE03FE01FE01FC007000000000000000000000000000000FFE0FFE0FFE0 0FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00FE00F E00FE0FFFEFFFEFFFE0F2B7DAA14>I107 DII I<003FE00001FFFC0003F07E000FC01F801F800FC03F800FE03F0007E07F0007F07F0007F07F00 07F0FF0007F8FF0007F8FF0007F8FF0007F8FF0007F8FF0007F8FF0007F8FF0007F87F0007F07F 0007F03F800FE03F800FE01F800FC00FC01F8007F07F0001FFFC00003FE0001D1B7E9A22>II114 D<03FE300FFFF03E03F07800F07000F0F00070F00070 F80070FC0000FFE000FFFE007FFFC03FFFE01FFFF007FFF800FFFC0003FC0000FCE0007CE0003C F0003CF0003CF80078FC0078FF01F0F7FFC0C1FF00161B7E9A1B>I<0070000070000070000070 0000F00000F00000F00001F00003F00003F00007F0001FFFF0FFFFF0FFFFF007F00007F00007F0 0007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F00007F03807F03807F0 3807F03807F03807F03807F03803F87001F8F000FFE0001F8015267FA51B>IIIIII E /Fm 75 123 df<001F83E000F06E3001C078780380F8780300F03007 007000070070000700700007007000070070000700700007007000FFFFFF800700700007007000 070070000700700007007000070070000700700007007000070070000700700007007000070070 000700700007007000070070000700700007007000070070007FE3FF001D20809F1B>11 D<003F0000E0C001C0C00381E00701E00701E0070000070000070000070000070000070000FFFF E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700 E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E07FC3FE1720809F19>I<003FE000E0E001C1E00381E007 00E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E0FFFFE00700E00700E00700E00700E007 00E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E00700E007 00E07FE7FE1720809F19>I<001F81F80000F04F040001C07C06000380F80F000300F00F000700 F00F00070070000007007000000700700000070070000007007000000700700000FFFFFFFF0007 007007000700700700070070070007007007000700700700070070070007007007000700700700 070070070007007007000700700700070070070007007007000700700700070070070007007007 00070070070007007007007FE3FE3FF02420809F26>I<07070F1C383060C00808779F17>19 D<7038F87CFC7EFC7E743A0402040204020804080410081008201040200F0E7E9F17>34 D<70F8FCFC74040404080810102040060E7C9F0D>39 D<0020004000800100020006000C000C00 180018003000300030007000600060006000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E0 00E0006000600060007000300030003000180018000C000C000600020001000080004000200B2E 7DA112>I<800040002000100008000C00060006000300030001800180018001C000C000C000C0 00E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000C000C000C001C001800180018003 000300060006000C00080010002000400080000B2E7DA112>I<70F8FCFC740404040808101020 40060E7C840D>44 DI<70F8F8F87005057C840D>I<0003000300070006 0006000E000C000C001C0018001800380030003000700060006000E000C000C001C00180018001 800380030003000700060006000E000C000C001C0018001800380030003000700060006000E000 C000C000102D7DA117>I<03F0000E1C001C0E00180600380700700380700380700380700380F0 03C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C070 03807003807003807807803807001806001C0E000E1C0003F000121F7E9D17>I<018003800F80 F38003800380038003800380038003800380038003800380038003800380038003800380038003 800380038003800380038007C0FFFE0F1E7C9D17>I<03F0000C1C00100E002007004007808007 80F007C0F803C0F803C0F803C02007C00007C0000780000780000F00000E00001C000038000070 0000600000C0000180000300000600400C00401800401000803FFF807FFF80FFFF80121E7E9D17 >I<03F0000C1C00100E00200F00780F80780780780780380F80000F80000F00000F00000E0000 1C0000380003F000003C00000E00000F000007800007800007C02007C0F807C0F807C0F807C0F0 0780400780400F00200E001C3C0003F000121F7E9D17>I<000600000600000E00000E00001E00 002E00002E00004E00008E00008E00010E00020E00020E00040E00080E00080E00100E00200E00 200E00400E00C00E00FFFFF0000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0000FFE0141E7F 9D17>I<1803001FFE001FFC001FF8001FE00010000010000010000010000010000010000011F0 00161C00180E001007001007800003800003800003C00003C00003C07003C0F003C0F003C0E003 80400380400700200600100E000C380003E000121F7E9D17>I<007C000182000701000E03800C 07801C0780380300380000780000700000700000F1F000F21C00F40600F80700F80380F80380F0 03C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C07003C07003C07003803803803807001807000C0E00061C0001 F000121F7E9D17>I<4000007FFFC07FFF807FFF80400100800200800200800400000800000800 00100000200000200000400000400000C00000C00001C000018000038000038000038000038000 078000078000078000078000078000078000078000030000121F7D9D17>I<03F0000C0C001006 003003002001806001806001806001807001807803003E03003F06001FC8000FF00003F80007FC 000C7E00103F00300F806003804001C0C001C0C000C0C000C0C000C0C000806001802001001002 000C0C0003F000121F7E9D17>I<03F0000E18001C0C00380600380700700700700380F00380F0 0380F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C0F003C07007C07007C03807C0180BC00E13C003E3C000038000 0380000380000700300700780600780E00700C002018001070000FC000121F7E9D17>I<70F8F8 F8700000000000000000000070F8F8F87005147C930D>I<70F8F8F87000000000000000000000 70F0F8F878080808101010202040051D7C930D>I<7FFFFFE0FFFFFFF000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFF07FFFFFE01C0C7D9023>61 D<001F800000E0700001000800060006000800010008000100100F00802030C0402060404040C0 202041C01C2041C01C2081801C1083801C1083801C1083801C1083801C1083801C1083801C1081 801C1041C01C1041C01C1040C03C2020605C202030CC40100F0780080000000800000006000070 010001C000E01F00001FF0001C207D9F23>64 D<000100000003800000038000000380000007C0 000007C0000007C0000009E0000009E0000009E0000010F0000010F0000010F000002078000020 78000020780000403C0000403C0000403C0000801E0000801E0000FFFE0001000F0001000F0001 000F00020007800200078002000780040003C00E0003C01F0007E0FFC03FFE1F207F9F22>II<000FC040007030C001C009C0038005C0070003C00E0001C01E00 00C01C0000C03C0000C07C0000407C00004078000040F8000000F8000000F8000000F8000000F8 000000F8000000F8000000F8000000F8000000780000007C0000407C0000403C0000401C000040 1E0000800E000080070001000380020001C0040000703800000FC0001A217D9F21>I69 DI<000FE0200078186000E004E00380 02E0070001E00F0000E01E0000601E0000603C0000603C0000207C00002078000020F8000000F8 000000F8000000F8000000F8000000F8000000F8000000F8007FFCF80003E0780001E07C0001E0 3C0001E03C0001E01E0001E01E0001E00F0001E0070001E0038002E000E0046000781820000FE0 001E217D9F24>III76 DII<001F800000F0F00001C0380007801E000F00 0F000E0007001E0007803C0003C03C0003C07C0003E0780001E0780001E0F80001F0F80001F0F8 0001F0F80001F0F80001F0F80001F0F80001F0F80001F0F80001F0780001E07C0003E07C0003E0 3C0003C03C0003C01E0007800E0007000F000F0007801E0001C0380000F0F000001F80001C217D 9F23>II82 D<07E0800C1980100780300380600180600180E00180E00080E00080E00080F00000F000007800 007F00003FF0001FFC000FFE0003FF00001F800007800003C00003C00001C08001C08001C08001 C08001C0C00180C00380E00300F00600CE0C0081F80012217D9F19>I<7FFFFFE0780F01E0600F 0060400F0020400F0020C00F0030800F0010800F0010800F0010800F0010000F0000000F000000 0F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000 000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000000F0000001F800007FFFE001C1F7E 9E21>II II91 D<080410082010201040204020804080408040B85C FC7EFC7E7C3E381C0F0E7B9F17>II<1FE000303000781800781C 00300E00000E00000E00000E0000FE00078E001E0E00380E00780E00F00E10F00E10F00E10F01E 10781E103867200F83C014147E9317>97 D<0E0000FE00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0000 0E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E3E000EC3800F01C00F00E00E00E00E00700E00700E0078 0E00780E00780E00780E00780E00780E00700E00700E00E00F00E00D01C00CC300083E0015207F 9F19>I<03F80E0C1C1E381E380C70007000F000F000F000F000F000F00070007000380138011C 020E0C03F010147E9314>I<000380003F80000380000380000380000380000380000380000380 00038000038000038003E380061B801C0780380380380380700380700380F00380F00380F00380 F00380F00380F003807003807003803803803807801C07800E1B8003E3F815207E9F19>I<03F0 000E1C001C0E00380700380700700700700380F00380F00380FFFF80F00000F00000F000007000 007000003800801800800C010007060001F80011147F9314>I<007C00C6018F038F0706070007 0007000700070007000700FFF00700070007000700070007000700070007000700070007000700 070007000700070007007FF01020809F0E>I<0000E003E3300E3C301C1C30380E00780F00780F 00780F00780F00780F00380E001C1C001E380033E0002000002000003000003000003FFE001FFF 800FFFC03001E0600070C00030C00030C00030C000306000603000C01C038003FC00141F7F9417 >I<0E0000FE00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E 3E000E43000E81800F01C00F01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E 01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C0FFE7FC16207F9F19>I<1C001E003E001E001C000000 000000000000000000000E007E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E 000E000E000E000E00FFC00A1F809E0C>I<00E001F001F001F000E00000000000000000000000 00007007F000F00070007000700070007000700070007000700070007000700070007000700070 007000700070007000706070F060F0C061803F000C28829E0E>I<0E0000FE00000E00000E0000 0E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0FF00E03C00E03000E02000E0400 0E08000E10000E30000E70000EF8000F38000E1C000E1E000E0E000E07000E07800E03800E03C0 0E03E0FFCFF815207F9F18>I<0E00FE000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E00 0E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E00FFE00B 20809F0C>I<0E1F01F000FE618618000E81C81C000F00F00E000F00F00E000E00E00E000E00E0 0E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00 E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E000E00E00E00FFE7FE7FE023147F9326>I<0E3E00FE 43000E81800F01C00F01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E 01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C0FFE7FC16147F9319>I<01F800070E001C03803801C03801C0 7000E07000E0F000F0F000F0F000F0F000F0F000F0F000F07000E07000E03801C03801C01C0380 070E0001F80014147F9317>I<0E3E00FEC3800F01C00F00E00E00E00E00F00E00700E00780E00 780E00780E00780E00780E00780E00700E00F00E00E00F01E00F01C00EC3000E3E000E00000E00 000E00000E00000E00000E00000E00000E0000FFE000151D7F9319>I<03E0800619801C05803C 0780380380780380700380F00380F00380F00380F00380F00380F0038070038078038038038038 07801C0B800E138003E380000380000380000380000380000380000380000380000380003FF815 1D7E9318>I<0E78FE8C0F1E0F1E0F0C0E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E 000E000E00FFE00F147F9312>I<1F9030704030C010C010C010E00078007F803FE00FF0007080 3880188018C018C018E030D0608F800D147E9312>I<020002000200060006000E000E003E00FF F80E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E000E080E080E080E080E080610031001E0 0D1C7F9B12>I<0E01C0FE1FC00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01 C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E01C00E03C00603C0030DC001F1FC16147F9319>III<7FC3FC0F01E0 0701C007018003810001C20000E40000EC00007800003800003C00007C00004E00008700010700 0303800201C00601E01E01E0FF07FE1714809318>II<3F FF380E200E201C40384078407000E001E001C00380078007010E011E011C0338027006700EFFFE 10147F9314>I E /Fn 13 118 df<0F001F003F803F007E00F800F000C0000A08769C18>19 D<00038000000380000007C0000007C0000007C000000FE000000FE000001FF000001BF000001B F0000031F8000031F8000061FC000060FC0000E0FE0000C07E0000C07E0001803F0001FFFF0003 FFFF8003001F8003001F8006000FC006000FC00E000FE00C0007E0FFC07FFEFFC07FFE1F1C7E9B 24>65 D<07F8201FFEE03C07E07801E07000E0F000E0F00060F00060F80000FE0000FFE0007FFE 003FFF003FFF800FFFC007FFE0007FE00003F00001F00000F0C000F0C000F0C000E0E000E0F001 C0FC03C0EFFF0083FC00141C7D9B1B>83 D<0FF8001C1E003E0F803E07803E07C01C07C00007C0 007FC007E7C01F07C03C07C07C07C0F807C0F807C0F807C0780BC03E13F80FE1F815127F9117> 97 DI<03FC000E0E001C1F003C1F00781F00780E00F800 00F80000F80000F80000F80000F800007800007801803C01801C03000E0E0003F80011127E9115 >I<1E003F003F003F003F001E00000000000000000000000000FF00FF001F001F001F001F001F 001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F001F00FFE0FFE00B1E7F9D0E>105 D109 D<01FC000F07801C01C03C01E07800F07800 F0F800F8F800F8F800F8F800F8F800F8F800F87800F07800F03C01E01E03C00F078001FC001512 7F9118>111 D114 D<1FD830786018E018E018F000FF807FE07FF01FF807FC007CC01CC01CE01CE018F830CFC00E12 7E9113>I<0300030003000300070007000F000F003FFCFFFC1F001F001F001F001F001F001F00 1F001F001F0C1F0C1F0C1F0C0F08079803F00E1A7F9913>II E /Fo 45 127 df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p 33 123 df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q 18 118 df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end %%EndProlog %%BeginSetup %%Feature: *Resolution 300 TeXDict begin @a4 /a4 where {pop a4} if %%EndSetup %%Page: 1 1 bop 149 342 a Fq(Reference)22 b(Man)n(ual)e(of)i(the)g(Programming)e (Language)h(Lua)683 468 y Fp(Rob)q(erto)c(Ierusalimsc)o(h)o(y)618 526 y(Luiz)f(Henrique)e(de)j(Figueiredo)678 584 y(W)l(aldemar)e(Celes)g (Filho)725 664 y Fo(T)m(eCGraf)e(|)g(PUC-Rio)616 722 y(rob)q(erto,)i(lhf,)d (celes@icad.puc-rio.br)778 823 y Fp(Ma)o(y)k(27,)h(1994)830 991 y Fn(Abstract)164 1067 y Fo(Lua)j(is)g(an)g(em)o(b)q(edded)g(programming) c(language)k(designed)g(to)g(b)q(e)h(used)g(as)f(a)g(con\014guration)102 1117 y(language)13 b(for)h(an)o(y)f(program)f(that)j(needs)g(one.)j(This)c (do)q(cumen)o(t)g(describ)q(es)i(the)f(Lua)e(programming)102 1166 y(language)c(and)g(the)h(API)g(that)g(allo)o(ws)e(in)o(teraction)i(b)q (et)o(w)o(een)h(Lua)e(programs)f(and)i(its)f(host)h(C)g(program.)102 1216 y(It)k(also)f(presen)o(ts)j(some)d(examples)g(of)g(using)h(the)g(main)e (features)j(of)e(the)i(system.)869 1471 y Fn(Sum\023)-24 b(ario)102 1538 y Fo(Lua)9 b(\023)-20 b(e)11 b(uma)d(linguagem)g(de)j(extens~)-21 b(ao)11 b(pro)r(jetada)f(para)h(ser)g(usada)f(como)f(linguagem)f(de)j (con\014gura\030)-18 b(c~)d(ao)102 1588 y(em)19 b(qualquer)i(programa)d(que)j (precise)h(de)f(uma.)37 b(Este)21 b(do)q(cumen)o(to)f(descrev)o(e)j(a)d (linguagem)e(de)102 1638 y(programa\030)-18 b(c~)d(ao)14 b(Lua)h(e)h(a)g(In)o (terface)h(de)f(Programa\030)-18 b(c~)d(ao)14 b(que)i(p)q(ermite)g(a)f(in)o (tera\030)-18 b(c~)d(ao)16 b(en)o(tre)h(programas)102 1688 y(Lua)d(e)h(o)f(programa)e(C)i(hosp)q(edeiro.)20 b(O)15 b(do)q(cumen)o(to)e (tam)o(b)o(\023)-20 b(em)12 b(apresen)o(ta)k(alguns)d(exemplos)h(de)h(uso)102 1737 y(das)f(principais)f(caracter)-5 b(\023)-16 b(\020sticas)16 b(do)d(sistema.)910 2976 y Fm(1)p eop %%Page: 2 2 bop -12 160 a Fl(1)69 b(In)n(tro)r(duction)-12 261 y Fm(Lua)16 b(is)h(an)f(em)o(b)q(edded)h(programming)e(language)h(designed)i(to)d(supp)q (ort)h(general)g(pro)q(cedural)h(program-)-12 318 y(ming)k(features)f(with)g (data)g(description)h(facilities.)37 b(It)20 b(is)h(supp)q(osed)g(to)f(b)q(e) h(used)f(as)g(a)g(con\014guration)-12 374 y(language)g(for)f(an)o(y)g (program)f(that)g(needs)j(one.)32 b(Lua)20 b(w)o(as)e(designed)j(b)o(y)f(R.)f (Ierusalimsc)o(h)o(y)l(,)i(L.)f(H.)f(de)-12 430 y(Figueiredo)d(and)g(W.)e (Celes,)i(and)f(implemen)o(ted)i(b)o(y)e(W.)g(Celes.)59 487 y(Lua)j(is)g(implemen)o(ted)h(as)e(a)h(library)l(,)h(written)e(in)i(C.)e (Being)h(an)g(em)o(b)q(edded)h(language,)f(Lua)g(has)f(no)-12 543 y(notion)j(of)f(a)g(\\main")g(program:)28 b(it)19 b(only)h(w)o(orks)f Fk(emb)n(e)n(dde)n(d)g Fm(in)h(a)f(host)g(clien)o(t,)j(called)f(the)e Fk(emb)n(e)n(dding)-12 600 y Fm(program.)g(This)c(host)g(program)e(can)i(in)o (v)o(ok)o(e)g(functions)h(to)e(execute)h(a)g(piece)h(of)e(co)q(de)i(in)f (Lua,)g(can)g(write)-12 656 y(and)i(read)g(Lua)h(v)m(ariables,)g(and)f(can)g (register)g(C)g(functions)h(to)e(b)q(e)i(called)g(b)o(y)f(Lua)h(co)q(de.)25 b(Through)17 b(the)-12 713 y(use)d(of)g(C)f(functions,)i(Lua)f(can)g(b)q(e)h (augmen)o(ted)e(to)g(cop)q(e)i(with)f(rather)f(di\013eren)o(t)h(domains,)g (th)o(us)g(creating)-12 769 y(customized)i(programming)f(languages)g(sharing) h(a)f(syn)o(tactical)g(framew)o(ork.)59 826 y(Lua)k(is)g(free)g(distribution) h(soft)o(w)o(are,)e(and)h(pro)o(vided)g(as)g(usual)g(with)g(no)g(guaran)o (tees.)30 b(The)19 b(imple-)-12 882 y(men)o(tation)c(describ)q(ed)i(in)f (this)g(man)o(ual)f(is)h(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(b)o(y)e(anon)o(ymous)g(ftp)g(from) 60 976 y Fj(ftp.icad.puc-rio.br:/pub)o(/lua/lua)o(_1.0.ta)o(r.Z)-12 1119 y Fl(2)69 b(En)n(vironmen)n(t)21 b(and)i(Mo)r(dules)-12 1221 y Fm(All)15 b(statemen)o(ts)d(in)j(Lua)e(are)h(executed)g(in)g(a)f Fk(glob)n(al)h(envir)n(onment)t Fm(.)k(This)d(en)o(vironmen)o(t,)e(whic)o(h)i (k)o(eeps)e(all)-12 1277 y(global)19 b(v)m(ariables)g(and)f(functions,)g(is)h (initialized)i(at)c(the)h(b)q(eginning)i(of)d(the)h(em)o(b)q(edding)h (program)e(and)-12 1334 y(p)q(ersists)f(un)o(til)g(its)g(end.)59 1390 y(The)i(global)g(en)o(vironmen)o(t)g(can)g(b)q(e)g(manipulated)i(b)o(y)d (Lua)h(co)q(de)h(or)e(b)o(y)h(the)f(em)o(b)q(edding)j(program,)-12 1446 y(whic)o(h)c(can)g(read)f(and)g(write)g(global)h(v)m(ariables)h(using)f (functions)g(in)g(the)f(library)h(that)e(implemen)o(ts)j(Lua.)59 1503 y(Global)22 b(v)m(ariables)g(do)f(not)g(need)h(declaration.)39 b(An)o(y)22 b(v)m(ariable)g(is)g(assumed)g(to)e(b)q(e)i(global)g(unless)-12 1559 y(explicitly)17 b(declared)f(lo)q(cal)g(\(see)e(lo)q(cal)h (declarations,)g(Section)h(4.4.5\).)h(Before)e(the)f(\014rst)g(assignmen)o (t,)g(the)-12 1616 y(v)m(alue)j(of)d(a)h(global)h(v)m(ariable)h(is)e Fi(nil)p Fm(.)59 1672 y(The)g(unit)h(of)f(execution)h(of)f(Lua)h(is)f(called) i(a)e Fk(mo)n(dule)s Fm(.)20 b(The)c(syn)o(tax)e(for)h(mo)q(dules)h(is:)1563 1656 y Fh(1)72 1744 y Fk(mo)n(dule)50 b Fg(!)g(f)p Fk(statement)32 b Fg(j)16 b Fk(function)s Fg(g)-1 1816 y Fm(A)10 b(mo)q(dule)i(ma)o(y)e(con)o (tain)h(statemen)o(ts)e(and/or)h(function)i(de\014nitions,)g(and)f(ma)o(y)f (b)q(e)h(in)h(a)e(\014le)i(or)e(in)h(a)f(string)-12 1873 y(inside)16 b(the)f(host)f(program.)k(When)d(a)f(mo)q(dule)i(is)f(executed,)g(\014rst)f (all)h(its)g(functions)g(and)f(statemen)o(ts)g(are)-12 1929 y(compiled,)g(and)f(the)f(functions)h(added)g(to)f(the)g(global)h(en)o (vironmen)o(t;)g(then)g(the)f(statemen)o(ts)f(are)h(executed)-12 1986 y(in)k(sequen)o(tial)g(order.)k(All)d(mo)q(di\014cations)f(a)f(mo)q (dule)h(e\013ects)f(on)g(the)g(global)h(en)o(vironmen)o(t)f(p)q(ersist)h (after)-12 2042 y(its)g(end.)k(Those)15 b(include)j(mo)q(di\014cations)e(to)f (global)g(v)m(ariables)i(and)e(de\014nitions)i(of)e(new)g(functions)1736 2026 y Fh(2)1757 2042 y Fm(.)-12 2185 y Fl(3)69 b(T)n(yp)r(es)-12 2287 y Fm(Lua)16 b(is)h(a)e(dynamically)j(t)o(yp)q(ed)e(language.)22 b(V)l(ariables)17 b(do)f(not)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(t)o(yp)q(es;)h(only)g(v)m(alues)h (do.)22 b(All)17 b(v)m(alues)-12 2343 y(carry)e(their)h(o)o(wn)e(t)o(yp)q(e.) 20 b(Therefore,)15 b(there)g(are)g(no)g(t)o(yp)q(e)g(de\014nitions)i(in)f (the)g(language.)59 2400 y(There)f(are)g(sev)o(en)g(basic)g(t)o(yp)q(es)g(in) h(Lua:)k Fk(nil)p Fm(,)14 b Fk(numb)n(er)p Fm(,)g Fk(string)p Fm(,)g Fk(function)p Fm(,)g Fk(Cfunction)p Fm(,)g Fk(user)n(data)p Fm(,)h(and)-12 2456 y Fk(table)p Fm(.)25 b Fk(Nil)16 b Fm(is)h(the)g(t)o(yp)q (e)g(of)g(the)g(v)m(alue)h Fi(nil)p Fm(,)g(whose)f(main)g(prop)q(ert)o(y)g (is)g(to)f(b)q(e)i(di\013eren)o(t)f(from)f(an)o(y)h(other)-12 2513 y(v)m(alue.)k Fk(Numb)n(er)15 b Fm(represen)o(ts)h(real)f(\(\015oating)g (p)q(oin)o(t\))g(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers,)g(while)i Fk(string)d Fm(has)i(the)f (usual)h(meaning.)59 2569 y(F)l(unctions)f(are)e(considered)j(\014rst-class)e (v)m(alues)i(in)f(Lua.)k(This)c(means)f(that)g(functions)h(can)f(b)q(e)h (stored)-12 2626 y(in)h(v)m(ariables,)g(passed)f(as)f(argumen)o(ts)g(to)h (other)f(functions)i(and)f(returned)g(as)g(results.)20 b(When)15 b(a)f(function)-12 2682 y(in)19 b(Lua)g(is)f(de\014ned,)i(its)f(b)q(o)q(dy)f (is)h(compiled)h(and)e(stored)g(in)h(a)f(global)h(v)m(ariable)g(with)g(the)f (giv)o(en)h(name.)p -12 2722 747 2 v 40 2749 a Ff(1)57 2764 y Fe(As)12 b(usual)i(in)g(extended)f(BNF,)f Fd(f)p Fc(a)s Fd(g)g Fe(means)h(0)g(or)f(more)h Fc(a)s Fe('s,)e([)p Fc(a)s Fe(])g(means)i(an)g (optional)h Fc(a)e Fe(and)h Fd(f)p Fc(a)s Fd(g)1500 2749 y Ff(+)1538 2764 y Fe(means)g(one)g(or)f(more)-12 2810 y Fc(a)s Fe('s.)40 2840 y Ff(2)57 2856 y Fe(Actually)m(,)i(a)f(function)i (de\014nition)h(is)d(an)g(assignmen)o(t)i(to)e(a)g(global)i(v)n(ariable;)g (see)e(Section)i(3.)910 2976 y Fm(2)p eop %%Page: 3 3 bop -12 160 a Fm(Lua)16 b(can)f(call)i(\(and)e(manipulate\))h(functions)h (written)e(in)h(Lua)g(and)g(functions)g(written)f(in)h(C;)f(the)h(latter)-12 216 y(ha)o(v)o(e)f(t)o(yp)q(e)g Fk(Cfunction)s Fm(.)59 273 y(The)h(t)o(yp)q(e)g Fk(user)n(data)h Fm(is)f(pro)o(vided)h(to)e(allo)o(w)i (arbitrary)e(C)h(p)q(oin)o(ters)g(to)g(b)q(e)h(stored)e(in)i(Lua)f(v)m (ariables.)-12 329 y(It)h(corresp)q(onds)g(to)f Fj(void*)g Fm(and)g(has)h(no)g(v)m(alid)h(op)q(erations)f(in)g(Lua,)g(b)q(esides)h (assignmen)o(t)f(and)g(equalit)o(y)-12 385 y(test.)59 442 y(The)c(t)o(yp)q(e) h Fk(table)f Fm(implemen)o(ts)h(asso)q(ciativ)o(e)g(arra)o(ys,)e(that)h(is,)g (arra)o(ys)f(that)h(can)g(b)q(e)h(indexed)h(b)q(oth)f(with)-12 498 y(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)19 b(and)f(with)h(strings.)29 b(Therefore,)19 b(this)g(t)o(yp)q(e)f(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(used)g(not)f(only)h(to)f(represen)o(t) g(ordinary)-12 555 y(arra)o(ys,)h(but)h(also)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(tables,)g (sets,)g(records,)g(etc.)33 b(T)l(o)19 b(represen)o(t)h(a)f(record,)h(Lua)g (uses)f(the)h(\014eld)-12 611 y(name)13 b(as)g(an)g(index.)21 b(The)13 b(language)g(supp)q(orts)g(this)h(represen)o(tation)f(b)o(y)g(pro)o (viding)h Fj(a.name)f Fm(as)f(syn)o(tactic)-12 668 y(sugar)j(for)f Fj(a["name"])p Fm(.)59 724 y(It)i(is)g(imp)q(ortan)o(t)f(to)g(notice)i(that)e (tables)h(are)f(ob)s(jects,)g(and)h(not)f(v)m(alues.)23 b(V)l(ariables)17 b(cannot)e(con)o(tain)-12 781 y(tables,)e(only)h(references)f(to)f(them.)19 b(Assignmen)o(t,)13 b(parameter)f(passing)i(and)e(returns)h(alw)o(a)o(ys)f (manipulate)-12 837 y(references)18 b(to)f(tables,)h(and)f(do)h(not)f(imply)h (an)o(y)f(kind)i(of)e(cop)o(y)l(.)26 b(Moreo)o(v)o(er,)16 b(tables)i(m)o(ust) e(b)q(e)j(explicitly)-12 894 y(created)c(b)q(efore)h(used;)f(see)h(Section)g (4.5.7.)-12 1037 y Fl(4)69 b(The)23 b(Language)-12 1138 y Fm(This)16 b(section)g(describ)q(es)h(the)e(lexis,)h(syn)o(tax)e(and)i(seman)o(tics)f (of)g(Lua.)-12 1260 y Fb(4.1)56 b(Lexical)17 b(Con)n(v)n(en)n(tions)-12 1346 y Fm(Lua)c(is)g(a)f(case)g(sensitiv)o(e)i(language.)19 b(Iden)o(ti\014ers)14 b(can)e(b)q(e)h(an)o(y)f(string)h(of)f(letters,)g (digits,)i(and)e(underscores,)-12 1402 y(not)h(b)q(eginning)h(with)f(a)g (digit.)20 b(The)13 b(follo)o(wing)g(w)o(ords)f(are)h(reserv)o(ed,)g(and)g (cannot)f(b)q(e)h(used)h(as)e(iden)o(ti\014ers:)203 1496 y Fj(and)143 b(do)190 b(else)143 b(elseif)95 b(end)203 1552 y(function)23 b(if)190 b(local)119 b(nil)167 b(not)203 1609 y(or)g(repeat)94 b(return)h(until)119 b(then)95 b(while)59 1703 y Fm(The)15 b(follo)o(wing)h(strings)f(denote)h(other)e(tok)o(ens:)203 1797 y Fj(~=)47 b(<=)h(>=)f(<)72 b(>)f(=)h(..)47 b(+)72 b(-)f(*)g(/)h(\045) 203 1853 y(\()f(\))h({)f(})h([)f(])h(@)f(;)h(,)f(.)59 1947 y Fm(Literal)17 b(strings)f(can)h(b)q(e)g(delimited)h(b)o(y)f(matc)o(hing)f (single)i(or)d(double)j(quotes,)e(and)g(can)h(con)o(tain)f(the)-12 2003 y(C-lik)o(e)f(escap)q(e)g(sequences)g Fj('\\n')p Fm(,)e Fj('\\t')h Fm(and)g Fj('\\r')p Fm(.)19 b(Commen)o(ts)13 b(start)g(an)o (ywhere)h(outside)g(a)g(string)g(with)-12 2060 y(a)h(double)i(h)o(yphen)f(\() p Fj(--)p Fm(\))e(and)h(run)h(un)o(til)g(the)f(end)h(of)f(the)g(line.)59 2116 y(Numerical)e(constan)o(ts)e(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(written)g(with)g(an)f (optional)h(decimal)i(part,)d(and)h(an)g(optional)g(decimal)-12 2173 y(exp)q(onen)o(t.)21 b(Examples)15 b(of)g(v)m(alid)i(n)o(umerical)f (constan)o(ts)f(are:)155 2266 y Fj(4)119 b(4.)g(.4)g(4.57e-3)g(.3e12)-12 2388 y Fb(4.2)56 b(Co)r(ercion)-12 2474 y Fm(Lua)17 b(pro)o(vides)g(some)g (automatic)f(con)o(v)o(ersions.)24 b(An)o(y)17 b(arithmetic)g(op)q(eration)g (applied)i(to)d(a)g(string)h(tries)-12 2530 y(to)g(con)o(v)o(ert)g(that)g (string)g(to)g(a)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er,)h(follo)o(wing)h(the)e(usual)h(rules.)28 b(More)17 b(sp)q(eci\014cally)l(,)k(the)c(string)h(is)-12 2587 y(con)o(v)o(erted)c(to)f(a)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(using)h(the)f(standard)g Fj(strtod)f Fm(C)h(function.)20 b(Con)o(v)o(ersely)l(,)14 b(whenev)o(er)g(a)g (n)o(um)o(b)q(er)-12 2643 y(is)22 b(used)h(when)f(a)g(string)f(is)i(exp)q (ected,)h(that)d(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(is)h(con)o(v)o(erted)e(to)g(a)h(string,)h (according)f(to)f(the)-12 2700 y(follo)o(wing)e(rule:)28 b(if)19 b(the)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(is)h(an)g(in)o(teger,)g(it)g(is)g(written)g (without)f(exp)q(onen)o(t)h(or)f(decimal)i(p)q(oin)o(t;)-12 2756 y(otherwise,)e(it)g(is)g(formatted)e(follo)o(wing)i(the)f(\\)p Fj(\045g)p Fm(")g(con)o(v)o(ersion)g(sp)q(eci\014cation)j(of)d(the)g (standard)g Fj(printf)-12 2813 y Fm(C)e(function.)910 2976 y(3)p eop %%Page: 4 4 bop -12 160 a Fb(4.3)56 b(Adjustmen)n(t)-12 245 y Fm(F)l(unctions)16 b(in)h(Lua)e(can)h(return)f(man)o(y)g(v)m(alues.)22 b(Because)16 b(there)f(are)h(no)f(t)o(yp)q(e)g(declarations,)h(the)g(system)-12 302 y(do)q(es)h(not)e(kno)o(w)h(ho)o(w)f(man)o(y)h(v)m(alues)h(a)f(function)g (will)i(return.)k(Therefore,)16 b(sometimes,)g(a)g(list)h(of)e(v)m(alues)-12 358 y(m)o(ust)f(b)q(e)g Fk(adjuste)n(d)5 b Fm(,)14 b(at)f(run)h(time,)h(to)e (a)h(giv)o(en)g(length.)20 b(If)14 b(there)g(are)g(more)g(v)m(alues)h(than)e (are)h(needed,)h(the)-12 415 y(last)h(v)m(alues)i(are)e(thro)o(wn)f(a)o(w)o (a)o(y)l(.)21 b(If)c(there)f(are)g(more)g(needs)h(than)f(v)m(alues,)h(the)f (list)h(is)g(extended)g(with)g(as)-12 471 y(man)o(y)e Fi(nil)p Fm('s)h(as)f(needed.)21 b(Adjustmen)o(t)15 b(also)g(o)q(ccurs)g(in)h(other)f (con)o(texts,)f(suc)o(h)i(as)f(m)o(ultiple)i(assignmen)o(t.)-12 593 y Fb(4.4)56 b(Statemen)n(ts)-12 679 y Fm(Lua)18 b(supp)q(orts)f(an)g (almost)f(con)o(v)o(en)o(tional)i(set)e(of)h(statemen)o(ts.)24 b(The)18 b(con)o(v)o(en)o(tional)f(commands)g(include)-12 735 y(assignmen)o(t,)d(con)o(trol)h(structures)f(and)h(pro)q(cedure)g(calls.)21 b(Non-con)o(v)o(en)o(tional)15 b(commands)g(include)i(table)-12 792 y(constructors,)d(explained)j(in)f(Section)h(4.5.7,)c(and)i(lo)q(cal)h(v) m(ariable)h(declarations.)-12 912 y Fi(4.4.1)52 b(Blo)q(c)o(ks)-12 998 y Fm(A)13 b(blo)q(c)o(k)g(is)g(a)f(list)i(of)e(statemen)o(ts,)g(executed) h(sequen)o(tially)l(.)21 b(An)o(y)13 b(statemen)o(t)e(can)i(b)q(e)g (optionally)h(follo)o(w)o(ed)-12 1054 y(b)o(y)h(a)g(semicolon.)72 1122 y Fk(blo)n(ck)49 b Fg(!)h(f)p Fk(stat)16 b(sc)s Fg(g)f Fm([)p Fk(r)n(et)h(sc)s Fm(])128 1179 y Fk(sc)49 b Fg(!)h Fm([';'])2 1247 y(F)l(or)13 b(syn)o(tactic)g(reasons,)h(a)f(return)h(statemen)o(t)e(can) i(only)g(b)q(e)g(written)g(as)f(the)h(last)g(statemen)o(t)e(of)i(a)f(blo)q(c) o(k.)-12 1303 y(This)j(restriction)g(also)f(a)o(v)o(oids)g(some)g(\\statemen) o(t)e(not)i(reac)o(hed")g(errors.)-12 1423 y Fi(4.4.2)52 b(Assignmen)n(t)-12 1509 y Fm(The)17 b(language)g(allo)o(ws)g(m)o(ultiple)i(assignmen)o(t.)24 b(Therefore,)17 b(the)g(syn)o(tax)f(de\014nes)i(a)e(list)i(of)e(v)m(ariables) i(on)-12 1566 y(the)13 b(left)g(side,)g(and)g(a)f(list)i(of)e(expressions)h (on)g(the)f(righ)o(t)h(side.)20 b(Both)12 b(lists)h(ha)o(v)o(e)f(their)h (elemen)o(ts)h(separated)-12 1622 y(b)o(y)h(commas.)146 1690 y Fk(stat)49 b Fg(!)i Fk(varlist1)16 b Fm('=')g Fk(explist1)72 1747 y(varlist1)49 b Fg(!)i Fk(var)16 b Fg(f)p Fm(',')f Fk(var)5 b Fg(g)2 1815 y Fm(This)14 b(statemen)o(t)f(\014rst)h(ev)m(aluates)g(all)h(v) m(alues)g(on)f(the)g(righ)o(t)g(side)g(and)h(ev)o(en)o(tual)f(indices)i(on)e (the)f(left)i(side,)-12 1872 y(and)h(then)f(mak)o(es)g(the)g(assignmen)o(ts.) 20 b(Therefore,)14 b(it)i(can)f(b)q(e)h(used)g(to)e(exc)o(hange)i(t)o(w)o(o)e (v)m(alues,)i(as)e(in)60 1965 y Fj(x,)23 b(y)h(=)g(y,)f(x)-12 2059 y Fm(Before)18 b(the)f(assignmen)o(t,)h(the)g(list)g(of)f(v)m(alues)i (is)f Fk(adjuste)n(d)g Fm(to)f(the)h(length)g(of)f(the)h(list)g(of)f(v)m (ariables)i(\(see)-12 2116 y(Section)d(4.3\).)59 2172 y(A)f(single)i(name)e (can)g(denote)h(a)e(global)i(or)f(a)g(lo)q(cal)h(v)m(ariable.)72 2240 y Fk(var)50 b Fg(!)g Fk(name)72 2297 y(var)g Fg(!)g Fk(var)17 b Fm('[')e Fk(exp1)i Fm(']')31 b Fg(j)16 b Fk(var)g Fm('.')k Fk(name)4 2365 y Fm(Brac)o(k)o(ets)c(are)g(used)h(to)f(index)h(a)f(table.)24 b(In)17 b(this)g(case,)f Fj(var)g Fm(m)o(ust)g(result)h(in)g(a)f(table)h(v)m (alue;)g(otherwise,)-12 2421 y(there)e(is)h(an)f(execution)i(error.)i(The)c (syn)o(tax)g Fj(var.NAME)f Fm(is)h(just)g(syn)o(tactic)g(sugar)g(for)g Fj(var["NAME"])p Fm(.)-12 2542 y Fi(4.4.3)52 b(Con)o(trol)17 b(Structures)-12 2627 y Fm(The)e(condition)h(expression)f(of)f(a)h(con)o (trol)f(structure)g(can)h(return)g(an)o(y)f(v)m(alue.)21 b(All)16 b(v)m(alues)f(di\013eren)o(t)g(from)-12 2684 y Fi(nil)i Fm(are)e(considered)i (true,)f(while)h Fi(nil)f Fm(is)h(considered)g(false.)k Fj(If)p Fm(s,)15 b Fj(while)p Fm(s)g(and)h Fj(repeat)p Fm(s)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(the)h (usual)-12 2740 y(meaning.)910 2976 y(4)p eop %%Page: 5 5 bop 100 158 a Fk(stat)50 b Fg(!)g Fi(while)17 b Fk(exp1)g Fi(do)f Fk(blo)n(ck)g Fi(end)100 214 y Fk(stat)50 b Fg(!)g Fi(rep)q(eat)17 b Fk(blo)n(ck)e Fi(un)o(til)i Fk(exp1)100 271 y(stat)50 b Fg(!)g Fi(if)17 b Fk(exp1)f Fi(then)h Fk(blo)n(ck)e Fg(f)p Fk(elseif)9 b Fg(g)16 b Fm([)p Fi(else)g Fk(blo)n(ck)5 b Fm(])15 b Fi(end)72 327 y Fk(elseif)49 b Fg(!)h Fi(elseif)17 b Fk(exp1)f Fi(then)h Fk(blo)n(ck)59 420 y Fm(A)g Fj(return)g Fm(is)h(used)h(to)e(return)g(v)m (alues)i(from)e(a)g(function.)28 b(Because)18 b(a)g(function)g(ma)o(y)f (return)h(more)-12 477 y(than)d(one)h(v)m(alue,)g(the)f(syn)o(tax)f(for)h(a)g (return)g(statemen)o(t)f(is:)72 549 y Fk(r)n(et)49 b Fg(!)i Fi(return)15 b Fk(explist)-12 741 y Fi(4.4.4)52 b(Expressions)16 b(as)i(Statemen)o(ts)-12 827 y Fm(All)c(expressions)e(with)h(p)q(ossible)h (side-e\013ects)e(can)h(b)q(e)f(executed)h(as)f(statemen)o(ts.)18 b(These)12 b(include)i(function)-12 883 y(calls)i(and)g(table)f (constructors:)72 943 y Fk(stat)50 b Fg(!)g Fk(functionc)n(al)r(l)72 999 y(stat)g Fg(!)g Fk(table)n(c)n(onstructor)1 1067 y Fm(Ev)o(en)o(tual)14 b(returned)f(v)m(alues)i(are)d(thro)o(wn)h(a)o(w)o(a)o(y)l(.)18 b(F)l(unction)c(calls)g(are)f(explained)i(in)f(Section)g(4.5.8,)e(while)-12 1124 y(constructors)j(are)f(the)i(sub)s(ject)f(of)g(Section)h(4.5.7.)-12 1244 y Fi(4.4.5)52 b(Lo)q(cal)20 b(Declarations)-12 1330 y Fm(Lo)q(cal)h(v)m(ariables)g(can)e(b)q(e)h(declared)h(an)o(ywhere)f(inside)h (a)e(blo)q(c)o(k.)34 b(Their)20 b(scop)q(e)g(b)q(egins)h(after)e(the)h(dec-) -12 1386 y(laration)h(and)g(lasts)g(un)o(til)h(the)f(blo)q(c)o(k)h(end.)38 b(The)21 b(declaration)g(ma)o(y)g(include)i(an)e(initial)i(assignmen)o(t:)122 1502 y Fk(stat)50 b Fg(!)g Fi(lo)q(cal)18 b Fk(de)n(clist)e Fm([)p Fk(init)t Fm(])72 1558 y Fk(de)n(clist)49 b Fg(!)h Fk(name)16 b Fg(f)p Fm(',')f Fk(name)s Fg(g)125 1615 y Fk(init)50 b Fg(!)g Fm('=')16 b Fk(explist1)0 1683 y Fm(If)c(there)f(is)h(an)g(initial)i (assignmen)o(t,)d(it)h(has)g(the)f(same)h(seman)o(tics)f(of)h(a)f(m)o (ultiple)i(assignmen)o(t.)19 b(Otherwise,)-12 1740 y(all)d(v)m(ariables)h (are)e(initialized)j(with)e Fi(nil)p Fm(.)-12 1861 y Fb(4.5)56 b(Expressions)-12 1947 y Fi(4.5.1)c(Simple)16 b(Expressions)-12 2033 y Fm(Simple)h(expressions)f(are:)72 2101 y Fk(exp)50 b Fg(!)g Fm('\(')15 b Fk(exp)i Fm('\)')72 2157 y Fk(exp)50 b Fg(!)g Fi(nil)72 2214 y Fk(exp)g Fg(!)g Fm('n)o(um)o(b)q(er')72 2270 y Fk(exp)g Fg(!)g Fm('literal')72 2327 y Fk(exp)g Fg(!)g Fk(var)4 2398 y Fm(Num)o(b)q(ers)16 b(\(n)o(umerical)g(constan)o(ts\))e(and)i (string)g(literals)g(are)g(explained)h(in)g(Section)f(4.1.)k(V)l(ariables)d (are)-12 2454 y(explained)g(in)g(Section)f(4.4.2.)-12 2574 y Fi(4.5.2)52 b(Arithmetic)16 b(Op)q(erators)-12 2660 y Fm(Lua)f(supp)q(orts) f(the)g(usual)g(arithmetic)h(op)q(erators,)e(with)h(the)g(usual)h(meaning.)20 b(These)14 b(op)q(erators)g(are)f(the)-12 2716 y(binary)k Fj(+)p Fm(,)e Fj(-)p Fm(,)h Fj(*)g Fm(and)g Fj(/)p Fm(,)f(and)h(the)h(unary)e Fj(+)h Fm(and)g Fj(-)p Fm(.)22 b(The)16 b(op)q(erands)h(m)o(ust)e(b)q(e)i(n)o (um)o(b)q(ers,)f(or)f(strings)h(that)-12 2773 y(can)g(b)q(e)f(con)o(v)o (erted)g(to)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers,)g(according)h(to)e(the)h(rules)h(giv)o(en)g (in)g(Section)g(4.2.)910 2976 y(5)p eop %%Page: 6 6 bop -12 160 a Fi(4.5.3)52 b(Relational)20 b(Op)q(erators)-12 245 y Fm(Lua)c(o\013ers)e(the)h(follo)o(wing)h(relational)g(op)q(erators:)155 339 y Fj(<)72 b(>)f(<=)48 b(>=)f(~=)g(=)-12 433 y Fm(All)17 b(return)e Fi(nil)h Fm(as)f(false)g(and)h(1)f(as)f(true.)59 490 y(Equalit)o(y)19 b(\014rst)f(compares)g(the)g(t)o(yp)q(es)h(of)f(its)h (op)q(erands.)30 b(If)18 b(they)h(are)f(di\013eren)o(t,)h(the)g(result)g(is)g Fi(nil)p Fm(.)-12 546 y(Otherwise,)h(their)e(v)m(alues)i(are)d(compared.)29 b(Num)o(b)q(ers)19 b(and)f(strings)g(are)g(compared)g(in)h(the)g(usual)f(w)o (a)o(y)l(.)-12 602 y(T)l(ables,)c(Cfunctions,)g(and)g(functions)g(are)f (compared)g(b)o(y)h(reference,)g(that)e(is,)i(t)o(w)o(o)e(tables)i(are)f (considered)-12 659 y(equal)j(only)g(if)g(they)f(are)g(the)g(same)g(table.)20 b(The)c(op)q(erator)e Fj(~=)h Fm(is)h(exactly)f(the)g(negation)h(of)f (equalit)o(y)g(\()p Fj(=)p Fm(\).)59 715 y(The)f(other)f(op)q(erators)f(can)i (only)g(b)q(e)g(applied)i(to)d(strings)g(and)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers.)20 b(If)14 b(one)f(of)g(the)h(argumen)o(ts)f(is)-12 772 y(a)g(string,)h(the)f (other)g(is)h(con)o(v)o(erted)f(to)g(a)g(string,)g(and)h(their)g(v)m(alues)g (are)f(compared)h(using)g(lexicographical)-12 828 y(order.)20 b(Otherwise,)15 b(b)q(oth)h(are)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)g(and)h(are)e(compared)i (as)e(suc)o(h.)-12 948 y Fi(4.5.4)52 b(Logical)20 b(Op)q(erators)-12 1034 y Fm(All)g(logical)g(op)q(erators,)f(lik)o(e)h(con)o(trol)e(structures,) h(consider)h Fi(nil)g Fm(as)e(false)i(and)f(an)o(ything)g(else)g(as)g(true.) -12 1091 y(Lik)o(e)d(relational)g(op)q(erators,)e(they)i(return)f Fi(nil)h Fm(as)f(false)g(and)h(1)f(as)f(true.)20 b(The)c(logical)g(op)q (erators)e(are:)298 1184 y Fj(and)72 b(or)f(not)-12 1278 y Fm(The)18 b(op)q(erators)f Fj(and)g Fm(and)h Fj(or)g Fm(use)g(short-cut)f(ev) m(aluation,)j(that)d(is,)h(the)g(second)h(op)q(erand)f(is)g(ev)m(aluated)-12 1335 y(only)e(if)g(necessary)l(.)-12 1455 y Fi(4.5.5)52 b(Concatenation)-12 1541 y Fm(Lua)15 b(o\013ers)f(a)g(string)g(concatenation)h(op)q(erator,)e (denoted)i(b)o(y)g(\\)p Fj(..)p Fm(".)k(The)14 b(op)q(erands)h(m)o(ust)f(b)q (e)h(strings)g(or)-12 1597 y(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers,)g(whic)o(h)h(are)f(con)o(v)o (erted)g(to)g(strings)g(according)g(to)g(the)g(rules)h(in)g(Section)g(4.2.) -12 1717 y Fi(4.5.6)52 b(Precedence)-12 1803 y Fm(Op)q(erator)15 b(precedence)i(follo)o(ws)e(the)h(table)f(b)q(elo)o(w,)h(from)e(the)h(lo)o(w) o(er)g(to)g(the)g(higher)h(priorit)o(y:)298 1897 y Fj(and)72 b(or)298 1953 y(<)g(>)f(<=)48 b(>=)f(~=)h(=)298 2010 y(..)298 2066 y(+)72 b(-)298 2122 y(*)g(/)298 2179 y(not)48 b(+)23 b(\(unary\))47 b(-)24 b(\(unary\))-12 2273 y Fm(All)17 b(binary)e(op)q(erators)g(are)g(left) g(asso)q(ciativ)o(e.)-12 2393 y Fi(4.5.7)52 b(T)l(able)18 b(Constructors)-12 2479 y Fm(T)l(able)13 b(constructors)e(are)h(expressions)h(that)e(create)h (tables.)19 b(T)l(able)13 b(constructors)e(are)h(o\013ered)f(in)i(di\013eren) o(t)-12 2535 y(\015a)o(v)o(ors.)19 b(The)c(simplest)i(one)e(is:)72 2607 y Fk(table)n(c)n(onstructor)49 b Fg(!)h Fm('@')16 b('\(')f([)p Fk(exp1)6 b Fm(])17 b('\)')5 2679 y(Suc)o(h)h(an)f(expression)h(results)f(in) h(a)f(new)g(empt)o(y)g(table.)26 b(An)18 b(optional)f(dimension)i(ma)o(y)e(b) q(e)g(giv)o(en)h(as)f(a)-12 2736 y(hin)o(t)g(to)f(the)h(initial)h(table)f (size.)25 b(Indep)q(enden)o(tly)19 b(of)d(the)g(initial)j(dimension,)f(all)g (arra)o(ys)d(in)i(Lua)g(stretc)o(h)-12 2792 y(dynamically)g(as)e(needed.)59 2849 y(T)l(o)g(construct)g(a)f(table)i(and)f(initialize)k(some)c(\014elds,)h (the)f(follo)o(wing)h(syn)o(tax)e(is)i(a)o(v)m(ailable:)910 2976 y(6)p eop %%Page: 7 7 bop 72 160 a Fk(table)n(c)n(onstructor)49 b Fg(!)h Fm('@')16 b([)p Fk(name)s Fm(])g Fk(\014eld)r(list)8 232 y Fm(Suc)o(h)k(an)g (expression)g(creates)g(a)f(new)h(table,)h(whic)o(h)g(will)g(b)q(e)f(its)g (\014nal)h(v)m(alue,)h(initialize)g(some)e(of)f(its)-12 288 y(\014elds)i(according)g(to)e Fj(fieldlist)g Fm(\(see)h(b)q(elo)o(w\),)h (and,)g(if)f Fj(name)g Fm(is)g(giv)o(en,)h(calls)g(a)f(function)h(with)f (that)-12 345 y(name)14 b(passing)f(the)h(table)g(as)f(parameter.)18 b(This)c(function)g(can)g(b)q(e)g(used)g(to)f(c)o(hec)o(k)h(\014eld)g(v)m (alues,)h(to)e(create)-12 401 y(default)j(\014elds,)g(or)f(for)f(an)o(y)h (other)g(side-e\013ect.)110 469 y Fk(\014eld)r(list)48 b Fg(!)j Fm(')p Fg(f)p Fm(')15 b([)p Fk(\016eld)r(list1)6 b Fm(])15 b(')p Fg(g)p Fm(')72 526 y Fk(\016eld)r(list1)49 b Fg(!)i Fk(\016eld)16 b Fg(f)p Fm(',')e Fk(\016eld)5 b Fg(g)157 582 y Fk(\016eld)49 b Fg(!)i Fk(name)16 b Fm('=')g Fk(exp)3 650 y Fm(This)g(\014eld)h(list)f (initializes)i(named)d(\014elds)i(in)f(a)f(table.)20 b(As)15 b(an)g(example:)60 730 y Fj(a)24 b(=)f(@f{x)h(=)f(1,)h(y)g(=)f(3})-12 809 y Fm(is)16 b(equiv)m(alen)o(t)h(to:)60 888 y Fj(temp)23 b(=)h(@\(2\))60 945 y(temp.x)f(=)h(1)60 1001 y(temp.y)f(=)h(3)60 1058 y(f\(temp\))60 1114 y(a)g(=)f(temp)59 1193 y Fm(In)16 b(order)f(to)f(initialize)k(a)d(list,)h(one)f(can)h(use)f(the)g(follo)o(wing) h(syn)o(tax:)107 1261 y Fk(\014eld)r(list)48 b Fg(!)j Fm('[')15 b([)p Fk(l\014eld)r(list1)6 b Fm(])14 b(']')72 1318 y Fk(l\014eld)r(list1)48 b Fg(!)j Fk(exp)16 b Fg(f)p Fm(',')f Fk(exp)s Fg(g)3 1386 y Fm(As)h(an)f(example:)60 1465 y Fj(a)24 b(=)f(@["v1",)g("vv"])-12 1545 y Fm(is)16 b(equiv)m(alen)o(t)h(to:)60 1624 y Fj(temp)23 b(=)h(@\(2\))60 1680 y(temp[1])f(=)g("v1")60 1737 y(temp[2])g(=)g("v2")60 1793 y(a)h(=)f(temp)59 1872 y Fm(As)15 b(particular)h(cases,)f(the)g(follo)o (wing)h(t)o(w)o(o)e(expressions)i(are)e(completely)j(equiv)m(alen)o(t:)84 1952 y Fj(@f{)23 b(})215 b(@f[)23 b(])-12 2069 y Fi(4.5.8)52 b(F)l(unction)18 b(Calls)-12 2155 y Fm(A)d(function)h(call)h(has)e(the)g (follo)o(wing)h(syn)o(tax:)72 2223 y Fk(functionc)n(al)r(l)49 b Fg(!)h Fk(var)16 b Fm('\(')g([)p Fk(explist1)6 b Fm(])15 b('\)')154 2279 y Fk(explist1)50 b Fg(!)g(f)p Fk(exp1)16 b Fm(',')p Fg(g)f Fk(exp)5 2350 y Fm(Here,)i Fj(var)g Fm(can)g(b)q(e)h(an)o(y)e (v)m(ariable)j(\(global,)e(lo)q(cal,)h(indexed,)h(etc\))e(whose)g(v)m(alue)h (has)f(t)o(yp)q(e)g Fk(function)j Fm(or)-12 2407 y Fk(Cfunction)s Fm(.)g(All)c(argumen)o(t)e(expressions)i(are)f(ev)m(aluated)h(b)q(efore)f (the)g(call,)h(from)f(left)g(to)f(righ)o(t;)h(then)g(the)-12 2463 y(list)k(of)f(argumen)o(ts)f(is)h(adjusted)g(to)g(the)g(length)g(of)g (the)g(list)h(of)e(parameters)g(\(see)h(Section)h(4.3\);)f(\014nally)-12 2520 y(this)e(list)g(is)g(assigned)f(to)g(the)g(parameters.)59 2576 y(Because)20 b(a)g(function)g(can)g(return)g(an)o(y)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g (of)f(results)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.4.3\),)e(the)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)-12 2632 y(results)11 b(m)o(ust)f(b)q(e)h(adjusted)f(b)q(efore)h(used.)19 b(If)10 b(the)h(function)g(is)g(called)h(as)e(an)g(statemen)o(t)f(\(see)h (Section)i(4.4.4\),)-12 2689 y(its)19 b(return)g(list)g(is)h(adjusted)f(to)f (0.)30 b(If)19 b(the)g(function)g(is)h(called)g(in)g(a)e(place)i(that)e (needs)i(a)e(single)i(v)m(alue)-12 2745 y(\(syn)o(tactically)13 b(denoted)f(b)o(y)g(the)g(non-terminal)h Fj(exp1)p Fm(\),)f(its)g(return)g (list)h(is)f(adjusted)g(to)g(1.)18 b(If)12 b(the)g(function)-12 2802 y(is)i(called)h(in)g(a)e(place)i(that)d(can)i(hold)h(man)o(y)e(v)m (alues)h(\(syn)o(tactically)h(denoted)f(b)o(y)f(the)h(non-terminal)g Fj(exp)p Fm(\),)-12 2858 y(no)h(adjustmen)o(t)g(is)h(done.)910 2976 y(7)p eop %%Page: 8 8 bop -12 160 a Fb(4.6)56 b(F)-5 b(unction)19 b(De\014nitions)-12 245 y Fm(F)l(unctions)c(in)g(Lua)g(can)g(b)q(e)g(de\014ned)g(an)o(ywhere)g (in)g(the)f(global)h(lev)o(el)h(of)e(a)g(mo)q(dule;)h(functions)g(cannot)g(b) q(e)-12 302 y(de\014ned)i(inside)g(other)e(functions.)20 b(The)c(syn)o(tax)e (for)h(function)h(de\014nition)h(is:)72 374 y Fk(function)49 b Fg(!)i Fi(function)17 b Fk(name)f Fm('\(')f([)p Fk(p)n(arlist1)6 b Fm(])16 b('\)')f Fk(blo)n(ck)h Fi(end)59 503 y Fm(When)d(Lua)g(\014nds)h(a) f(function)g(de\014nition,)i(its)e(b)q(o)q(dy)h(is)g(compiled)g(to)f(in)o (termediate)g(co)q(de)h(and)f(stored,)-12 559 y(with)j(t)o(yp)q(e)f Fk(function)p Fm(,)f(in)o(to)i(the)f(global)h(v)m(ariable)g Fj(name)p Fm(.)59 615 y(P)o(arameters)e(act)g(as)h(lo)q(cal)h(v)m(ariables,)h (initialized)h(with)e(the)f(argumen)o(t)f(v)m(alues.)72 688 y Fk(p)n(arlist1)49 b Fg(!)i Fk('name')16 b Fg(f)p Fm(',')f Fk(name)s Fg(g)59 816 y Fm(Results)h(are)e(returned)h(using)h(the)e Fj(return)g Fm(statemen)o(t)g(\(see)h(Section)g(4.4.3\).)j(If)d(the)g(con)o (trol)f(reac)o(hes)-12 873 y(the)h(end)h(of)f(a)g(function)h(without)f(a)g (return)g(instruction,)h(the)f(function)h(returns)f(with)h(no)f(results.)-12 1016 y Fl(5)69 b(The)23 b(Application)e(Program)h(In)n(terface)-12 1117 y Fm(This)e(section)f(describ)q(es)h(the)f(API)g(for)f(Lua,)i(that)e (is,)i(the)f(set)f(of)g(C)h(functions)g(a)o(v)m(ailable)i(to)d(the)h(host)-12 1174 y(program)13 b(to)g(comm)o(unicate)h(with)g(the)f(library)l(.)21 b(The)14 b(API)g(functions)g(can)g(b)q(e)g(classi\014ed)h(in)g(the)f(follo)o (wing)-12 1230 y(categories:)44 1324 y(1.)22 b(executing)16 b(Lua)g(co)q(de;)44 1418 y(2.)22 b(con)o(v)o(erting)15 b(v)m(alues)h(b)q(et)o (w)o(een)g(C)f(and)g(Lua;)44 1512 y(3.)22 b(manipulating)17 b(\(reading)e(and)g(writing\))h(Lua)f(ob)s(jects;)44 1605 y(4.)22 b(calling)17 b(Lua)e(functions;)44 1699 y(5.)22 b(C)15 b(functions)h(to)e(b)q (e)i(called)h(b)o(y)e(Lua;)44 1793 y(6.)22 b(error)14 b(handling.)-12 1887 y(All)h(API)f(functions)g(are)f(declared)h(in)g(the)g(\014le)g Fj(lua.h)p Fm(.)19 b(Unless)14 b(stated)f(otherwise,)g(API)h(functions)g (return)-12 1943 y(an)h(error)g(co)q(de:)20 b(0)15 b(in)h(case)f(of)g (success,)h(non)f(0)g(in)h(case)f(of)g(errors.)-12 2065 y Fb(5.1)56 b(Executing)17 b(Lua)i(Co)r(de)-12 2151 y Fm(A)d(host)g(program)e(can)i (execute)h(Lua)f(programs)f(written)h(in)h(a)e(\014le)i(or)f(in)h(a)e (string,)h(using)h(the)f(follo)o(wing)-12 2207 y(functions:)-12 2301 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_dofile)357 b(\(char)23 b(*filename\);)-12 2358 y(int)286 b(lua_dostring)309 b(\(char)23 b(*string\);)-12 2479 y Fb(5.2)56 b(Con)n(v)n(erting)19 b(V)-5 b(alues)19 b(b)r(et)n(w)n(een)f (C)h(and)g(Lua)-12 2565 y Fm(Because)24 b(Lua)g(has)g(no)g(static)f(t)o(yp)q (e)h(system,)h(all)f(v)m(alues)h(passed)f(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)g(Lua)g(and)g(C)f (ha)o(v)o(e)g(t)o(yp)q(e)-12 2622 y Fj(lua_Object)p Fm(,)12 b(whic)o(h)j(w)o(orks)e(lik)o(e)i(an)e(abstract)g(t)o(yp)q(e)h(in)h(C)e(that) g(can)h(hold)h(an)o(y)e(Lua)h(v)m(alue.)21 b Fj(lua_Object)-12 2678 y Fm(is)16 b(declared)g(as:)-12 2772 y Fj(typedef)23 b(struct)g(Object)g (*lua_Object;)910 2976 y Fm(8)p eop %%Page: 9 9 bop -12 160 a Fm(where)16 b Fj(Object)e Fm(is)i(not)e(declared)j(in)f Fj(lua.h)p Fm(.)59 216 y(Lua)j(has)g(garbage)f(collection.)34 b(Therefore,)19 b(there)g(is)h(no)f(guaran)o(tee)f(that)g(a)h Fj(lua_Object)f Fm(will)j(b)q(e)-12 273 y(v)m(alid)f(after)e(another)g (execution)h(of)f(Lua)h(co)q(de.)30 b(A)19 b(go)q(o)q(d)f(programming)g (practice)h(is)g(to)e(con)o(v)o(ert)h(suc)o(h)-12 329 y(ob)s(jects)d(to)f(C)h (v)m(alues)i(as)d(so)q(on)h(as)g(they)h(are)e(a)o(v)m(ailable,)j(and)e(nev)o (er)h(store)e(them)h(in)h(global)g(v)m(ariables.)59 385 y(T)l(o)f(c)o(hec)o (k)g(the)g(t)o(yp)q(e)h(of)e(a)h Fj(lua_Object)p Fm(,)f(the)h(follo)o(wing)h (functions)g(are)f(a)o(v)m(ailable:)-12 479 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_isnil)381 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 536 y(int)286 b(lua_isnumber)309 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 592 y(int)286 b(lua_isstring)309 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 649 y(int)286 b(lua_istable)333 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 705 y(int)286 b(lua_iscfunction)237 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 762 y(int)286 b(lua_isuserdata)261 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 855 y Fm(All)17 b(return)e(1)g(if)g(the)h (ob)s(ject)e(has)h(the)h(giv)o(en)f(t)o(yp)q(e,)g(0)g(otherwise.)59 912 y(T)l(o)g(translate)f(a)h(v)m(alue)i(from)d(t)o(yp)q(e)h Fj(lua_Object)f Fm(to)h(a)g(sp)q(eci\014c)i(C)e(t)o(yp)q(e,)g(the)g (programmer)f(can)h(use:)-12 1006 y Fj(float)238 b(lua_getnumber)285 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 1062 y(char)238 b(*lua_getstring)285 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 1119 y(char)238 b(*lua_copystring)261 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 1175 y(lua_CFunction)46 b(lua_getcfunction) 213 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 1231 y(void)238 b(*lua_getuserdata)f (\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)-12 1325 y(lua_getnumber)16 b Fm(con)o(v)o(erts)h(a)h Fj(lua_Object)e Fm(to)h(a)h(\015oat.)27 b(This)18 b Fj(lua_Object)f Fm(m)o(ust)g(b)q(e)i(a)e(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(or)g (a)-12 1382 y(string)d(con)o(v)o(ertible)i(to)d(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)i(\(see)f (Section)h(4.2\);)d(otherwise,)i(the)h(function)g(returns)f(0.)59 1438 y Fj(lua_getstring)f Fm(con)o(v)o(erts)h(a)h Fj(lua_Object)e Fm(to)i(a)g(string)f(\()p Fj(char)23 b(*)p Fm(\).)f(This)17 b Fj(lua_Object)d Fm(m)o(ust)i(b)q(e)h(a)-12 1495 y(string)h(or)g(a)g(n)o(um) o(b)q(er;)i(otherwise,)f(the)f(function)i(returns)e(0)g(\(the)g(n)o(ull)i(p)q (oin)o(ter\).)29 b(This)19 b(function)g(do)q(es)-12 1551 y(not)14 b(create)g(a)g(new)g(string,)g(but)g(returns)g(a)g(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(to)e(a)h (string)g(inside)i(the)e(Lua)h(en)o(vironmen)o(t.)20 b(Because)-12 1608 y(Lua)c(has)f(garbage)f(collection,)j(there)f(is)f(no)h(guaran)o(tee)e (that)h(suc)o(h)g(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(will)h(b)q(e)f(v)m(alid)h(after)e(another) -12 1664 y(execution)20 b(of)f(Lua)g(co)q(de.)31 b(The)19 b(function)h Fj(lua_copystring)d Fm(b)q(eha)o(v)o(es)i(exactly)g(lik)o(e)h Fj(lua_getstring)p Fm(,)-12 1720 y(but)c(returns)f(a)f(fresh)i(cop)o(y)f(of)g (the)g(string.)59 1777 y Fj(lua_getcfunction)g Fm(con)o(v)o(erts)i(a)g Fj(lua_Object)g Fm(to)f(a)i(C)f(function.)28 b(This)18 b Fj(lua_Object)f Fm(m)o(ust)g(ha)o(v)o(e)-12 1833 y(t)o(yp)q(e)d Fk(Cfunction)s Fm(;)g(otherwise,)g(the)g(function)h(returns)f(0)g(\(the)g(n)o(ull)h(p)q(oin) o(ter\).)20 b(The)14 b(t)o(yp)q(e)g Fj(lua_CFunction)-12 1890 y Fm(is)i(explained)h(in)f(Section)g(5.5.)59 1946 y Fj(lua_getuserdata)k Fm(con)o(v)o(erts)h(a)h Fj(lua_Object)e Fm(to)i Fj(void*)p Fm(.)40 b(This)22 b Fj(lua_Object)f Fm(m)o(ust)h(ha)o(v)o(e)f(t)o(yp)q(e)-12 2003 y Fk(user)n(data)s Fm(;)16 b(otherwise,)f(the)g(function)h(returns)f(0)g (\(the)g(n)o(ull)i(p)q(oin)o(ter\).)59 2059 y(The)d(rev)o(erse)g(pro)q(cess,) g(that)f(is,)h(the)g(con)o(v)o(ersion)g(from)g(a)f(sp)q(eci\014c)j(C)e(t)o (yp)q(e)g(to)f(the)h(t)o(yp)q(e)g Fj(lua_Object)p Fm(,)-12 2116 y(is)i(done)f(b)o(y)h(using)g(the)f(follo)o(wing)h(functions:)-12 2209 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_pushnumber)261 b(\(float)23 b(n\);)-12 2266 y(int)286 b(lua_pushstring)261 b(\(char)23 b(*s\);)-12 2322 y(int)286 b(lua_pushcfunction)189 b(\(lua_CFunction)22 b(f\);)-12 2379 y(int)286 b(lua_pushuserdata)213 b(\(void)23 b(*u\);)-12 2473 y Fm(All)16 b(of)d(them)h(receiv)o(e)h(a)f(C)g(v)m(alue,)h (con)o(v)o(ert)f(it)g(to)g(a)f Fj(lua_Object)p Fm(,)g(and)h(lea)o(v)o(e)h (their)f(results)h(on)f(the)g(top)g(of)-12 2529 y(the)h(Lua)f(stac)o(k,)g (where)g(it)h(can)g(b)q(e)g(assigned)g(to)e(a)h(v)m(ariable,)i(passed)f(as)f (paramen)o(ter)f(to)h(a)g(Lua)h(function,)-12 2586 y(etc)i(\(see)f(b)q(elo)o (w\).)24 b(T)l(o)16 b(complete)h(the)f(set,)g(the)h(v)m(alue)g Fi(nil)h Fm(or)e(a)g Fj(lua_Object)f Fm(can)h(also)h(b)q(e)g(pushed)g(on)o (to)-12 2642 y(the)e(stac)o(k,)g(with:)-12 2736 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_pushnil)333 b(\(void\);)-12 2792 y(int)286 b(lua_pushobject)261 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object\);)910 2976 y Fm(9)p eop %%Page: 10 10 bop -12 160 a Fb(5.3)56 b(Manipulating)18 b(Lua)h(Ob)s(jects)-12 245 y Fm(T)l(o)c(read)g(the)h(v)m(alue)g(of)f(an)o(y)g(global)g(Lua)h(v)m (ariable,)g(one)f(can)h(use)f(the)h(function:)-12 338 y Fj(lua_Object)118 b(lua_getglobal)285 b(\(char)23 b(*varname\);)-12 430 y Fm(T)l(o)15 b(store)g(a)f(v)m(alue)j(previously)f(pushed)h(on)o(to)d(the)h(stac)o(k)g(in) h(a)f(global)g(v)m(ariable,)i(there)e(is)h(the)f(function:)-12 523 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_storeglobal)237 b(\(char)23 b(*varname\);)59 615 y Fm(T)l(ables)16 b(can)f(also)g(b)q(e)h(manipulated)h(via)e(the)g(API.)h (Giv)o(en)f(a)g(table,)g(the)h(functions)-12 708 y Fj(lua_Object)118 b(lua_getindexed)261 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(table,)h(float)g(index\);)-12 764 y(lua_Object)118 b(lua_getfield)309 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(table,)h(char)g (*field\);)-12 857 y Fm(return)c(the)f(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)g(an)h(index.)31 b(The)19 b(\014rst)f(one)h(is)g(used)g(for)f(n)o(umeric)h(indices,)i(while)f (the)f(second)-12 913 y(can)d(b)q(e)h(used)f(for)g(an)o(y)f(string)h(index.) 24 b(As)15 b(in)i(Lua,)f(if)h(the)f(index)h(is)f(not)g(presen)o(t)g(in)h(the) f(table,)g(then)g(the)-12 970 y(returned)g Fj(lua_Object)e Fm(has)h(v)m(alue)h Fi(nil)p Fm(.)59 1026 y(T)l(o)h(store)f(a)h(v)m(alue,)h (previously)h(pushed)f(on)o(to)e(the)i(stac)o(k,)e(in)i(a)f(p)q(osition)h(of) f(a)g(table,)g(the)h(follo)o(wing)-12 1083 y(functions)e(are)f(a)o(v)m (ailable:)-12 1175 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_storeindexed)213 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object,)h(float)g(index\);)-12 1232 y(int)286 b(lua_storefield)261 b(\(lua_Object)22 b(object,)h(char)g(*field\);)-12 1324 y Fm(Again,)c(the)f (\014rst)g(one)g(is)g(used)h(for)e(n)o(umeric)i(indices,)i(while)e(the)f (second)h(can)f(b)q(e)h(used)f(for)g(an)o(y)f(string)-12 1381 y(index.)-12 1502 y Fb(5.4)56 b(Calling)18 b(Lua)h(F)-5 b(unctions)-12 1588 y Fm(F)l(unctions)12 b(de\014ned)h(in)f(Lua)g(b)o(y)f(a)h(mo)q(dule)g (executed)g(with)g Fj(dofile)f Fm(or)g Fj(dostring)f Fm(can)h(b)q(e)i(called) g(from)d(the)-12 1644 y(host)16 b(program.)23 b(This)17 b(is)g(done)g(using)g (the)f(follo)o(wing)i(proto)q(col:)k(\014rst,)16 b(the)g(argumen)o(ts)g(to)g (the)g(function)-12 1701 y(are)k(pushed)i(on)o(to)d(the)i(Lua)g(stac)o(k)e (\(see)i(Section)g(5.2\),)f(in)i(direct)f(order,)g(i.e.,)g(the)g(\014rst)f (argumen)o(t)g(is)-12 1757 y(pushed)c(\014rst.)k(Then,)15 b(the)h(function)g (is)f(called)i(using:)-12 1850 y Fj(int)286 b(lua_call)405 b(\(char)23 b(*functionname,)f(int)h(nparam\);)-12 1942 y Fm(where)17 b(the)f(second)h(argumen)o(t)f(\()p Fj(nparam)p Fm(\))f(is)h(the)h(n)o(um)o (b)q(er)g(of)f(v)m(alues)h(pushed)g(on)o(to)f(the)g(stac)o(k.)23 b(Finally)l(,)-12 1999 y(the)c(returned)g(v)m(alues)h(\(a)e(Lua)g(function)i (ma)o(y)e(return)g(man)o(y)g(v)m(alues\))i(are)e(p)q(opp)q(ed)i(from)e(the)h (stac)o(k)e(in)-12 2055 y(rev)o(erse)e(order,)g(i.e.,)g(the)g(last)g(result)h (is)f(p)q(opp)q(ed)i(\014rst.)i(P)o(opping)d(is)g(done)f(with)h(the)f (function)-12 2148 y Fj(lua_Object)118 b(lua_pop)429 b(\(void\);)-12 2240 y Fm(When)16 b(there)f(are)g(no)g(more)g(results)g(to)g(b)q(e)h(p)q(opp) q(ed,)g(this)g(function)g(returns)f(0.)59 2297 y(An)g(example)h(of)f(C)g(co)q (de)h(calling)h(a)e(Lua)g(function)h(is)g(sho)o(wn)f(in)h(7.5.)-12 2418 y Fb(5.5)56 b(C)19 b(F)-5 b(unctions)-12 2504 y Fm(T)l(o)15 b(register)g(a)g(C)g(function)h(to)f(Lua,)g(there)g(is)h(the)f(follo)o(wing)h (macro:)-12 2596 y Fj(#define)23 b(lua_register\(n,f\))165 b(\(lua_pushcfunction\(f\),)21 b(lua_storeglobal\(n\)\))-12 2653 y(/*)j(char)f(*n;)214 b(*/)-12 2709 y(/*)24 b(lua_CFunction)e(f;)h(*/) -12 2802 y Fm(whic)o(h)d(receiv)o(es)f(the)g(name)g(the)g(function)g(will)i (ha)o(v)o(e)d(in)h(Lua,)h(and)f(a)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)i(to)e(the)g(function.)32 b(This)-12 2858 y(p)q(oin)o(ter)16 b(m)o(ust)f(ha)o(v)o(e)f(t)o(yp)q(e)i Fj(lua_CFunction)p Fm(,)d(whic)o(h)j(is)f(de\014ned)i(as)899 2976 y(10)p eop %%Page: 11 11 bop -12 160 a Fj(typedef)23 b(void)g(\(*lua_CFunction\))f(\(void\);)-12 253 y Fm(that)15 b(is,)g(a)g(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(to)e(a)h(function)h(with)g(no)f (parameters)f(and)h(no)h(results.)59 310 y(In)j(order)f(to)g(comm)o(unicate)g (prop)q(erly)i(with)e(Lua,)i(a)e(C)g(function)h(m)o(ust)f(follo)o(w)h(a)f (proto)q(col,)g(whic)o(h)-12 366 y(de\014nes)e(the)g(w)o(a)o(y)e(parameters)g (and)i(results)f(are)g(passed.)59 423 y(T)l(o)g(access)g(its)g(argumen)o(ts,) f(a)h(C)g(function)h(calls:)-12 517 y Fj(lua_Object)118 b(lua_getparam)309 b(\(int)23 b(number\);)-12 610 y(number)17 b Fm(starts)g(with)h(1)g(to)f(get) g(the)h(\014rst)g(argumen)o(t.)27 b(When)18 b(called)i(with)e(a)f(n)o(um)o(b) q(er)i(larger)e(than)h(the)-12 667 y(actual)11 b(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(of)e (argumen)o(ts,)h(this)h(function)f(returns)g(0.)18 b(In)12 b(this)g(w)o(a)o(y)l(,)e(it)i(is)f(p)q(ossible)i(to)d(write)i(functions)-12 723 y(that)j(w)o(ork)f(with)h(a)g(v)m(ariable)i(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)e(of)g (parameters.)59 780 y(T)l(o)i(return)h(v)m(alues,)i(a)d(C)h(function)h(just)f (pushes)g(them)g(on)o(to)f(the)i(stac)o(k,)e(in)i(direct)g(order;)f(see)h (Sec-)-12 836 y(tion)d(5.2.)j(Lik)o(e)d(a)f(Lua)g(function,)h(a)f(C)g (function)h(called)g(b)o(y)g(Lua)f(can)g(also)h(return)f(man)o(y)f(results.) 59 893 y(Section)i(7.4)e(presen)o(ts)h(an)g(example)h(of)f(a)g(Cfunction.)-12 1014 y Fb(5.6)56 b(Error)18 b(Handling)-12 1100 y Fm(Whenev)o(er)d(an)g (error)e(o)q(ccurs)i(during)h(Lua)f(compilation)g(or)f(execution,)i(an)e (error)g(routine)h(is)g(called,)h(and)-12 1157 y(the)f(corresp)q(onding)i Fj(lua_dofile)c Fm(or)i Fj(lua_dostring)f Fm(is)h(terminated)h(returning)g (an)f(error)f(condition.)59 1213 y(The)20 b(only)h(argumen)o(t)e(to)h(the)g (error)g(routine)g(is)h(a)f(string)g(describing)i(the)e(error)g(and)g(some)g (extra)-12 1270 y(informations,)14 b(lik)o(e)h(curren)o(t)e(line)i(\(when)f (the)g(error)f(is)h(at)f(compilation\))h(or)f(curren)o(t)h(function)g(\(when) g(the)-12 1326 y(error)19 b(is)g(at)g(execution\).)33 b(The)19 b(standard)g(error)f(routine)i(only)g(prin)o(ts)f(this)h(message)e(in)i(the)g (standard)-12 1383 y(error)15 b(output.)k(If)d(needed,)g(it)f(is)h(p)q (ossible)h(to)e(set)g(another)f(error)h(routine,)g(using)h(the)f(function:) -12 1476 y Fj(void)262 b(lua_errorfunction)189 b(\(void)23 b(\(*fn\))g(\(char)g(*s\)\);)-12 1570 y Fm(whose)15 b(argumen)o(t)g(is)g(the) h(address)f(of)g(the)g(new)g(error)g(function.)-12 1713 y Fl(6)69 b(Prede\014ned)23 b(F)-6 b(unctions)23 b(and)g(Libraries)-12 1815 y Fm(The)18 b(set)f(of)g(prede\014ned)i(functions)g(in)f(Lua)g(is)g (small)g(but)g(p)q(o)o(w)o(erful.)27 b(Most)16 b(of)h(them)h(pro)o(vide)g (features)-12 1871 y(that)c(allo)o(ws)g(some)g(degree)h(of)f(re\015exivit)o (y)h(in)g(the)g(language.)20 b(Suc)o(h)15 b(features)f(cannot)g(b)q(e)h(sim)o (ulated)g(with)-12 1928 y(the)g(rest)g(of)g(the)g(Language)g(nor)g(with)h (the)f(standard)g(API.)59 1984 y(The)21 b(libraries,)i(on)d(the)h(other)f (hand,)i(pro)o(vide)g(useful)f(routines)g(that)f(are)h(implemen)o(ted)h (directly)-12 2041 y(through)13 b(the)f(standard)h(API.)f(Therefore,)h(they)g (are)f(not)g(necessary)h(to)f(the)h(language,)g(and)g(are)f(pro)o(vided)-12 2097 y(as)j(separated)g(C)g(mo)q(dules.)21 b(Curren)o(tly)15 b(there)g(are)g(three)h(libraries:)56 2191 y Fg(\017)23 b Fm(string)15 b(manipulation;)56 2285 y Fg(\017)23 b Fm(mathematical)15 b(functions)h (\(sin,)f(cos,)g(etc\);)56 2379 y Fg(\017)23 b Fm(input)16 b(and)f(output;)-12 2500 y Fb(6.1)56 b(Prede\014ned)18 b(F)-5 b(unctions)-12 2586 y Fj(dofile)23 b(\(filename\))-12 2672 y Fm(This)e(function)g(receiv)o(es)g(a)f(\014le)h(name,)g(op)q(ens)f(it)h (and)f(executes)h(its)f(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(as)f(a)h(Lua)g(mo)q(dule.)36 b(It)-12 2728 y(returns)15 b(1)g(if)h(there)f(are)g(no)g(errors,)f Fi(nil)i Fm(otherwise.)899 2976 y(11)p eop %%Page: 12 12 bop -12 160 a Fj(dostring)23 b(\(string\))-12 245 y Fm(This)17 b(function)f(executes)h(a)e(giv)o(en)i(string)e(as)h(a)f(Lua)i(mo)q(dule.)23 b(It)16 b(returns)f(1)h(if)g(there)g(are)g(no)f(errors,)g Fi(nil)-12 302 y Fm(otherwise.)-12 422 y Fj(next)24 b(\(table,)e(index\))-12 508 y Fm(This)16 b(function)h(allo)o(ws)e(a)g(program)g(to)g(en)o(umerate)g (all)h(\014elds)h(of)e(a)g(table.)21 b(Its)16 b(\014rst)f(argumen)o(t)g(is)h (a)f(table)-12 564 y(and)i(its)g(second)g(argumen)o(t)f(is)h(an)g(index)g(in) h(this)f(table;)g(this)g(index)h(can)f(b)q(e)g(a)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(or)f(a)g (string.)24 b(It)-12 621 y(returns)15 b(the)f(next)h(index)h(of)e(the)g (table)h(and)g(the)g(v)m(alue)h(asso)q(ciated)e(with)h(the)g(index.)21 b(When)15 b(called)h(with)-12 677 y Fi(nil)g Fm(as)e(its)g(second)h(argumen)o (t,)f(the)g(function)i(returns)e(the)h(\014rst)f(index)i(of)e(the)g(table)h (\(and)f(its)h(asso)q(ciated)-12 734 y(v)m(alue\).)21 b(When)16 b(called)g(with)g(the)f(last)g(index,)h(or)f(with)h Fi(nil)g Fm(in)g(an)f(empt)o(y)g(table,)g(it)h(returns)f Fi(nil)p Fm(.)59 790 y(In)h(Lua)h(there)f(is)g(no)g(declaration)h(of)e(\014elds;)i(seman)o (tically)l(,)h(there)e(is)g(no)g(di\013erence)h(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)f(a)g (\014eld)-12 846 y(not)i(presen)o(t)f(in)i(a)f(table)g(or)f(a)h(\014eld)h (with)f(v)m(alue)h Fi(nil)p Fm(.)29 b(Therefore,)18 b(the)f(function)i(only)f (considers)h(\014elds)-12 903 y(with)d(non)f(nil)i(v)m(alues.)k(The)16 b(order)f(the)g(indices)j(are)d(en)o(umerated)g(are)g(not)g(sp)q(eci\014ed,)i Fk(even)f(for)g(numeric)-12 959 y(indic)n(es)p Fm(.)59 1016 y(See)g(Section)g(7.1)e(for)g(an)i(example)g(of)e(the)i(use)f(of)g(this)h (function.)-12 1136 y Fj(nextvar)23 b(\(name\))-12 1222 y Fm(This)14 b(function)g(is)g(similar)g(to)e(the)i(function)g Fj(next)p Fm(,)e(but)i(it)f(iterates)g(o)o(v)o(er)f(the)i(global)f(v)m(ariables.)21 b(Its)13 b(single)-12 1278 y(argumen)o(t)18 b(is)i(the)f(name)g(of)g(a)f (global)i(v)m(ariable,)h(or)d Fi(nil)i Fm(to)f(get)f(a)h(\014rst)f(name.)32 b(Similarly)21 b(to)d Fj(next)p Fm(,)h(it)-12 1335 y(returns)e(the)f(name)h (of)f(another)g(v)m(ariable)i(and)f(its)g(v)m(alue,)h(or)e Fi(nil)h Fm(if)h(there)e(are)h(no)f(more)g(v)m(ariables.)26 b(See)-12 1391 y(Section)16 b(7.1)f(for)f(an)h(example)h(of)f(the)g(use)h(of) f(this)g(function.)-12 1511 y Fj(print)23 b(\(e1,)h(e2,)f(...\))-12 1597 y Fm(This)13 b(function)g(receiv)o(es)g(an)o(y)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)g (argumen)o(ts,)g(and)g(prin)o(ts)g(their)h(v)m(alues)h(in)f(a)e(reasonable)i (format.)-12 1653 y(Eac)o(h)h(v)m(alue)i(is)e(prin)o(ted)h(in)g(a)f(new)h (line.)21 b(This)15 b(function)g(is)f(not)g(in)o(tended)i(for)e(formatted)f (output,)g(but)i(as)-12 1710 y(a)g(quic)o(k)h(w)o(a)o(y)e(to)h(sho)o(w)g(a)g (v)m(alue,)h(for)f(instance)h(for)e(error)h(messages)g(or)f(debugging.)22 b(See)15 b(Section)i(6.4)d(for)-12 1766 y(functions)i(for)f(formatted)f (output.)-12 1886 y Fj(tonumber)23 b(\(e\))-12 1972 y Fm(This)18 b(function)g(receiv)o(es)f(one)g(argumen)o(t,)g(and)g(tries)g(to)f(con)o(v)o (ert)h(it)g(to)f(a)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er.)25 b(If)18 b(the)f(argumen)o(t)f(is)-12 2029 y(already)e(a)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(or)f(a)g(string)g(con)o(v)o(ertible)h (to)f(a)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(\(see)f(Section)i(4.2\),)d(it)h(returns)h(that)e (n)o(um)o(b)q(er;)-12 2085 y(otherwise,)j(it)h(returns)f Fi(nil)p Fm(.)-12 2205 y Fj(type)24 b(\(v\))-12 2291 y Fm(This)16 b(function)g(allo)o (ws)f(Lua)h(to)e(test)h(the)g(t)o(yp)q(e)g(of)g(a)f(v)m(alue.)21 b(It)16 b(receiv)o(es)g(one)f(argumen)o(t,)f(and)h(returns)g(its)-12 2347 y(t)o(yp)q(e,)g(co)q(ded)h(as)f(a)g(string.)20 b(The)15 b(p)q(ossible)i(results)f(of)e(this)i(function)g(are:)56 2441 y Fg(\017)23 b Fj('nil')56 2535 y Fg(\017)g Fj('number')56 2629 y Fg(\017)g Fj('string')56 2723 y Fg(\017)g Fj('table')56 2817 y Fg(\017)g Fj('cfunction')899 2976 y Fm(12)p eop %%Page: 13 13 bop 56 160 a Fg(\017)23 b Fj('function')56 253 y Fg(\017)g Fj('userdata')-12 375 y Fb(6.2)56 b(String)18 b(Manipulation)-12 461 y Fm(This)e(library)f(pro)o(vides)h(generic)g(functions)f(for)f(string)h (manipulation,)h(suc)o(h)g(as)e(\014nding)i(and)f(extracting)-12 517 y(substrings.)20 b(When)14 b(indexing)h(a)e(string,)g(the)h(\014rst)f(c)o (haracter)f(has)i(p)q(osition)g(1.)19 b(See)14 b(Section)g(7.2)f(for)g(some) -12 574 y(examples)j(on)f(string)g(manipulation)i(in)f(Lua.)-12 694 y Fj(strfind)23 b(\(str,)g(substr\))-12 780 y Fm(Receiv)o(es)15 b(t)o(w)o(o)d(string)i(argumen)o(ts,)e(and)i(returns)f(a)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er.) 20 b(This)14 b(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(indicates)h(the)e(\014rst)g(p)q(osition)-12 836 y(where)20 b(the)f(second)h(argumen)o(t)e(app)q(ears)i(in)g(the)f (\014rst)g(argumen)o(t.)31 b(If)19 b(the)h(second)g(argumen)o(t)e(is)i(not)f (a)-12 893 y(substring)d(of)f(the)g(\014rst)g(one,)g(then)g Fj(strfind)f Fm(returns)h Fi(nil)p Fm(.)-12 1013 y Fj(strlen)23 b(\(s\))-12 1099 y Fm(Receiv)o(es)17 b(a)e(string)g(and)g(returns)g(its)h (length.)-12 1219 y Fj(strsub)23 b(\(s,)h(i,)f(j\))-12 1304 y Fm(Returns)13 b(another)f(string,)h(whic)o(h)g(is)g(a)f(substring)h(of)f Fj(s)p Fm(,)h(starting)f(at)g Fj(i)g Fm(and)h(runing)g(un)o(til)h Fj(j)p Fm(.)k(If)13 b Fj(j)g Fm(is)g(absen)o(t)-12 1361 y(or)18 b(is)g Fi(nil)p Fm(,)i(it)e(is)g(assumed)h(to)e(b)q(e)i(equal)g(to)e(the)h (length)h(of)e Fj(s)p Fm(.)29 b(P)o(articularly)l(,)19 b(the)f(call)h Fj(strsub\(s,1,j\))-12 1417 y Fm(returns)c(a)g(pre\014x)h(of)f Fj(s)g Fm(with)g(length)h Fj(j)p Fm(,)f(while)h(the)g(call)g Fj(strsub\(s,i\))e Fm(returns)h(a)g(su\014x)g(of)g Fj(s)p Fm(.)-12 1537 y Fj(strlower)23 b(\(s\))-12 1623 y Fm(Receiv)o(es)16 b(a)d(string)i(and)f(returns)g(a)f(cop)o(y)h(of)g(that)f(string)h(with)h(all) g(upp)q(er)g(case)f(letters)g(c)o(hanged)g(to)g(lo)o(w)o(er)-12 1680 y(case.)20 b(All)d(other)d(c)o(haracters)h(are)g(left)g(unc)o(hanged.) -12 1800 y Fj(strupper)23 b(\(s\))-12 1886 y Fm(Receiv)o(es)16 b(a)d(string)i(and)f(returns)g(a)f(cop)o(y)h(of)g(that)f(string)h(with)h(all) g(lo)o(w)o(er)e(case)h(letters)h(c)o(hanged)f(to)f(upp)q(er)-12 1942 y(case.)20 b(All)d(other)d(c)o(haracters)h(are)g(left)g(unc)o(hanged.) -12 2064 y Fb(6.3)56 b(Mathematical)16 b(F)-5 b(unctions)-12 2149 y Fm(This)17 b(library)g(is)f(an)g(in)o(terface)h(to)e(some)h(functions) g(of)g(the)g(standard)g(C)g(math)f(library)l(.)24 b(It)16 b(pro)o(vides)g (the)-12 2206 y(follo)o(wing)g(functions:)-12 2300 y Fj(abs)48 b(acos)23 b(asin)g(atan)g(ceil)h(cos)f(floor)g(max)h(min)-12 2356 y(mod)48 b(pow)f(sin)g(sqrt)23 b(tan)59 2450 y Fm(The)f(functions)h Fj(floor)p Fm(,)f Fj(sqrt)p Fm(,)h Fj(pow)p Fm(,)f Fj(ceil)p Fm(,)h Fj(sin)p Fm(,)g Fj(cos)p Fm(,)g Fj(tan)p Fm(,)f Fj(asin)p Fm(,)h Fj(acos)p Fm(,)g(and)f Fj(atan)f Fm(are)h(only)-12 2506 y(in)o(terfaces)h(to)f(the)h(homon)o(ymous)f(functions)i(in)f(the)g(C)g (library)l(,)i(with)e(the)g(di\013erence)h(that,)g(in)f(the)-12 2563 y(trigonometric)15 b(functions,)h(all)g(angles)g(are)e(expressed)i(in)g (degrees.)59 2619 y(The)d(function)g Fj(max)g Fm(returns)f(the)h(maxim)o(um)g (v)m(alue)h(in)f(a)g(list)g(of)g(n)o(umeric)g(argumen)o(ts.)19 b(Similarly)l(,)c Fj(min)-12 2676 y Fm(computes)g(the)h(minim)o(um.)21 b(Both)15 b(can)g(b)q(e)h(used)g(with)f(an)g(unlimited)j(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)d (of)g(argumen)o(ts.)59 2732 y(The)g(function)h Fj(mod)f Fm(is)h(equiv)m(alen) o(t)h(to)d(the)h Fj(\045)g Fm(op)q(erator)g(in)h(C.)899 2976 y(13)p eop %%Page: 14 14 bop -12 160 a Fb(6.4)56 b(I/O)18 b(F)-5 b(acilities)-12 245 y Fm(All)16 b(I/O)g(op)q(erations)f(in)h(Lua)f(are)g(done)g(o)o(v)o(er)f(t)o (w)o(o)g Fk(curr)n(ent)h Fm(\014les,)g(one)h(for)e(reading)i(and)f(one)g(for) f(writing.)-12 302 y(Initially)l(,)k(the)d(curren)o(t)g(input)h(\014le)h(is)e Fj(stdin)p Fm(,)f(and)i(the)f(curren)o(t)g(output)g(\014le)h(is)g Fj(stdout)p Fm(.)59 358 y(Unless)g(otherwised)g(stated,)e(all)i(I/O)g (functions)g(return)f(1)g(on)g(success)h(and)f Fi(nil)h Fm(on)f(failure.)-12 477 y Fj(readfrom)23 b(\(filename\))-12 563 y Fm(This)17 b(function)g(op)q (ens)g(a)f(\014le)h(named)g Fj(filename)e Fm(and)i(sets)f(it)g(as)g(the)g Fk(curr)n(ent)h Fm(input)g(\014le.)24 b(When)17 b(called)-12 620 y(without)e(parameters,)f(this)i(function)g(restores)e Fj(stdin)h Fm(as)g(the)g(curren)o(t)g(input)h(\014le.)-12 739 y Fj(writeto)23 b(\(filename\))-12 825 y Fm(This)16 b(function)g(op)q(ens)g (a)f(\014le)h(named)f Fj(filename)f Fm(and)i(sets)e(it)i(as)f(the)g Fk(curr)n(ent)g Fm(output)g(\014le.)21 b(Notice)15 b(that,)-12 881 y(if)21 b(the)g(\014le)g(already)g(exists,)h(it)f(is)g(completely)h (erased)e(with)h(this)g(op)q(eration.)36 b(When)21 b(called)h(without)-12 938 y(parameters,)14 b(this)i(function)g(restores)e Fj(stdout)h Fm(as)f(the)i(curren)o(t)f(output)g(\014le.)-12 1057 y Fj(appendto)23 b(\(filename\))-12 1143 y Fm(This)18 b(function)g(op)q(ens)f(a)g(\014le)h (named)f Fj(filename)f Fm(and)h(sets)g(it)g(as)g(the)g Fk(curr)n(ent)g Fm(output)f(\014le.)27 b(Unlik)o(e)18 b(the)-12 1199 y Fj(writeto)d Fm(op)q(eration,)h(this)g(function)g(do)q(es)g(not)g(erase)f(an)o(y)h (previous)g(con)o(ten)o(t)f(of)g(the)h(\014le.)23 b(When)16 b(called)-12 1255 y(without)j(parameters,)g(this)h(function)g(restores)f Fj(stdout)f Fm(as)h(the)g(curren)o(t)g(output)h(\014le.)33 b(This)19 b(function)-12 1312 y(returns)c(2)g(if)h(the)f(\014le)h(already)g (exists,)f(1)g(if)g(it)h(creates)f(a)g(new)g(\014le,)h(and)f Fi(nil)i Fm(on)e(failure.)-12 1431 y Fj(read)24 b(\([format]\))-12 1517 y Fm(This)12 b(function)g(returns)e(a)h(v)m(alue)h(read)f(from)f(the)h (curren)o(t)g(input.)20 b(An)11 b(optional)g(string)g(argumen)o(t)f(sp)q (eci\014es)-12 1573 y(the)15 b(w)o(a)o(y)g(the)g(input)h(is)g(in)o (terpreted.)59 1630 y(Without)j(a)g(format)e(argumen)o(t,)i Fj(read)g Fm(\014rst)g(skips)h(blanks,)g(tabs)f(and)g(newlines.)34 b(Then)20 b(it)f(c)o(hec)o(ks)-12 1686 y(whether)g(the)h(curren)o(t)e(c)o (haracter)h(is)g Fj(")g Fm(or)g Fj(')p Fm(.)31 b(If)19 b(so,)g(it)h(reads)f (a)f(string)h(up)h(to)e(the)h(ending)i(quotation)-12 1743 y(mark,)14 b(and)h(returns)f(this)h(string,)g(without)f(the)h(quotation)f(marks.)19 b(Otherwise)d(it)f(reads)f(up)h(to)g(a)f(blank,)-12 1799 y(tab)h(or)g (newline.)59 1856 y(The)g(format)f(string)h(can)h(ha)o(v)o(e)e(the)i(follo)o (wing)g(format:)60 1945 y Fj(?[n])-12 2033 y Fm(where)g Fj(?)f Fm(can)g(b)q(e:)-12 2122 y Fi('s')h(or)h('S')22 b Fm(to)15 b(read)g(a)g(string;)-12 2214 y Fi('f)5 b(')17 b(or)g('F')k Fm(to)15 b(read)g(a)g(real)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er;)-12 2306 y Fi('i')i(or)g('I')22 b Fm(to)14 b(read)i(an)f(in)o(teger.)-12 2395 y(The)g(optional)g Fj(n)f Fm(is)h(a)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(whic)o(h)i(sp)q(eci\014es)g(ho)o(w)e (man)o(y)g(c)o(haracters)g(m)o(ust)g(b)q(e)h(read)g(to)f(comp)q(ose)g(the)-12 2451 y(input)i(v)m(alue.)-12 2571 y Fj(write)23 b(\(value,)g([format]\))-12 2656 y Fm(This)16 b(function)g(writes)f(the)h(v)m(alue)g(of)f(its)g(\014rst)g (argumen)o(t)g(to)f(the)i(curren)o(t)f(output.)k(An)d(optional)g(second)-12 2713 y(argumen)o(t)g(sp)q(eci\014es)j(the)e(format)e(to)i(b)q(e)g(used.)26 b(This)17 b(format)e(is)j(giv)o(en)f(as)g(a)f(string,)h(comp)q(osed)g(of)g (four)-12 2769 y(parts.)i(The)d(\014rst)f(part)f(is)i(the)f(only)h(not)f (optional,)g(and)h(m)o(ust)e(b)q(e)i(one)f(of)g(the)g(follo)o(wing)h(c)o (haracters:)-12 2858 y Fi('s')g(or)h('S')22 b Fm(to)15 b(write)g(strings;)899 2976 y(14)p eop %%Page: 15 15 bop -12 160 a Fi('f)5 b(')17 b(or)g('F')k Fm(to)15 b(write)g(\015oats;)-12 253 y Fi('i')i(or)g('I')22 b Fm(to)14 b(write)i(in)o(tegers.)-12 347 y(These)g(c)o(haracters)e(can)i(b)q(e)f(follo)o(w)o(ed)h(b)o(y)60 441 y Fj([?][m][.n])-12 535 y Fm(where:)-12 629 y Fj(?)23 b Fm(indicates)16 b(justi\014cation)g(inside)h(the)f(\014eld.)130 723 y(')p Fj(<)p Fm(')22 b(righ)o(t)15 b(justi\014cation;)130 796 y(')p Fj(>)p Fm(')22 b(left)15 b(justi\014cation;)130 869 y(')p Fj(|)p Fm(')22 b(cen)o(ter)15 b(justi\014cation.)-12 962 y Fj(m)23 b Fm(Indicates)16 b(the)f(\014eld)i(size)f(in)g(c)o(haracters.) -12 1056 y Fj(.n)23 b Fm(F)l(or)16 b(reals,)i(indicates)g(the)f(n)o(um)o(b)q (er)h(of)e(digital)j(places.)26 b(F)l(or)16 b(in)o(tegers,)i(it)f(is)h(the)f (minim)o(um)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)102 1113 y(of)d(digits.)20 b(This)c(option)f (has)h(no)f(meaning)g(for)g(strings.)59 1207 y(When)e(called)i(without)e(a)g (format)f(string,)h(this)h(function)g(writes)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)g(using)h (the)f Fj(\045g)g Fm(format)f(and)-12 1263 y(strings)j(with)h Fj(\045s)p Fm(.)-12 1406 y Fl(7)69 b(Some)21 b(Examples)-12 1508 y Fm(This)f(section)h(giv)o(es)e(examples)i(sho)o(wing)e(some)h (features)f(of)g(Lua.)34 b(It)19 b(do)q(es)h(not)g(in)o(tend)g(to)f(co)o(v)o (er)g(the)-12 1564 y(whole)d(language,)f(but)g(only)h(to)f(illustrate)h(some) f(in)o(teresting)h(uses)f(of)g(the)g(system.)-12 1686 y Fb(7.1)56 b(The)18 b(F)-5 b(unctions)19 b Fa(next)e Fb(and)j Fa(nextvar)-12 1772 y Fm(This)c(example)g(sho)o(ws)f(ho)o(w)f(to)h(use)g(the)h(function)g Fj(next)e Fm(to)h(iterate)g(o)o(v)o(er)f(the)i(\014elds)g(of)f(a)g(table.)-12 1865 y Fj(function)23 b(f)h(\(t\))357 b(--)24 b(t)g(is)f(a)h(table)36 1922 y(local)f(i,)h(v)f(=)h(next\(t,)f(nil\))47 b(--)24 b(i)g(is)f(an)h (index)f(of)g(t,)h(v)g(=)g(t[i])36 1978 y(while)f(i)h(do)84 2035 y(--)f(do)h(something)e(with)i(i)f(and)h(v)84 2091 y(i,)f(v)h(=)g (next\(t,)f(i\))190 b(--)24 b(get)f(next)h(index)36 2148 y(end)-12 2204 y(end)59 2298 y Fm(The)13 b(next)g(example)h(prin)o(ts)f(the)g(names)g (of)f(all)i(global)g(v)m(ariables)g(in)g(the)f(system)g(with)g(non)g(nil)i(v) m(alues:)-12 2392 y Fj(function)23 b(printGlobalVariables)e(\(\))36 2448 y(local)i(i,)h(v)f(=)h(nextvar\(nil\))36 2505 y(while)f(i)h(do)84 2561 y(print\(i\))84 2618 y(i,)f(v)h(=)g(nextvar\(i\))36 2674 y(end)-12 2731 y(end)899 2976 y Fm(15)p eop %%Page: 16 16 bop -12 160 a Fb(7.2)56 b(String)18 b(Manipulation)-12 245 y Fm(The)e(\014rst)e(example)i(is)g(a)f(function)h(to)f(trim)g(extra)f (blanks)i(at)f(the)g(b)q(eginning)i(and)f(end)g(of)e(a)h(string.)-12 339 y Fj(function)23 b(trim\(s\))36 396 y(local)g(i)h(=)g(1)36 452 y(while)f(strsub\(s,i,i\))f(=)i(')g(')f(do)84 509 y(i)g(=)h(i+1)36 565 y(end)36 622 y(local)f(l)h(=)g(strlen\(s\))36 678 y(while)f (strsub\(s,l,l\))f(=)i(')g(')f(do)84 734 y(l)g(=)h(l-1)36 791 y(end)36 847 y(return)f(strsub\(s,i,l\))-12 904 y(end)59 998 y Fm(The)15 b(second)h(example)g(sho)o(ws)e(a)h(function)h(that)f(eliminates) i(all)f(blanks)g(of)f(a)f(string.)899 2976 y(16)p eop %%Page: 17 17 bop -12 160 a Fj(function)23 b(remove_blanks)f(\(s\))36 216 y(local)h(b)h(=)g(strfind\(s,)e(')i('\))36 273 y(while)f(b)h(do)84 329 y(s)f(=)h(strsub\(s,)f(1,)g(b-1\))h(..)f(strsub\(s,)g(b+1\))84 385 y(b)g(=)h(strfind\(s,)f(')g('\))36 442 y(end)36 498 y(return)g(s)-12 555 y(end)-12 677 y Fb(7.3)56 b(P)n(ersistence)-12 762 y Fm(Because)19 b(of)f(its)h(re\015exiv)o(e)g(facilities,)i(p)q(ersistence)e(in)g(Lua)g(can)g (b)q(e)f(ac)o(hiev)o(ed)i(with)e(Lua.)30 b(This)19 b(section)-12 819 y(sho)o(ws)c(some)h(w)o(a)o(ys)e(to)i(store)f(and)h(retriev)o(e)f(v)m (alues)i(in)g(Lua,)f(using)g(a)g(text)f(\014le)i(written)f(in)g(the)g (language)-12 875 y(itself)g(as)f(the)g(storage)f(media.)59 932 y(T)l(o)h(store)f(a)h(single)i(v)m(alue)f(with)g(a)e(name,)h(the)h(follo) o(wing)f(co)q(de)h(is)g(enough:)-12 1026 y Fj(function)23 b(store)g(\(name,)g (value\))36 1082 y(write\('\\n')f(..)i(name)f(..)h('='\))36 1138 y(write_value\(value\))-12 1195 y(end)-12 1301 y(function)f(write_value) f(\(value\))36 1358 y(local)h(t)h(=)g(type\(value\))131 1414 y(if)g(t)g(=)f('nil')95 b(then)23 b(write\('nil'\))36 1471 y(elseif)g(t)h(=)f('number')g(then)g(write\(value\))36 1527 y(elseif)g(t)h(=)f('string')g(then)g(write\('"')g(..)h(value)f(..)g('"'\))36 1583 y(end)-12 1640 y(end)-12 1746 y Fm(In)16 b(order)f(to)g(restore)f(this)i (v)m(alue,)g(a)f Fj(lua_dofile)e Fm(su\016ces.)59 1803 y(Storing)k(tables)g (is)g(a)g(little)h(more)f(complex.)25 b(Assuming)18 b(that)e(the)h(table)h (is)f(a)g(tree,)f(and)h(all)h(indices)-12 1859 y(are)e(iden)o(ti\014ers)i (\(that)d(is,)h(the)h(tables)f(are)g(b)q(eing)i(used)e(as)g(records\),)g(its) g(v)m(alue)i(can)e(b)q(e)h(written)f(directly)-12 1916 y(with)g(table)f (constructors.)k(First,)c(the)g(function)h Fj(write_value)e Fm(is)i(c)o(hanged)f(to)-12 2009 y Fj(function)23 b(write_value)f(\(value\)) 36 2066 y(local)h(t)h(=)g(type\(value\))131 2122 y(if)g(t)g(=)f('nil')95 b(then)23 b(write\('nil'\))36 2179 y(elseif)g(t)h(=)f('number')g(then)g (write\(value\))36 2235 y(elseif)g(t)h(=)f('string')g(then)g(write\('"')g(..) h(value)f(..)g('"'\))36 2292 y(elseif)g(t)h(=)f('table')47 b(then)23 b(write_record\(value\))36 2348 y(end)-12 2405 y(end)-12 2498 y Fm(The)16 b(function)g Fj(write_record)d Fm(is:)899 2976 y(17)p eop %%Page: 18 18 bop -12 160 a Fj(function)23 b(write_record\(t\))36 216 y(local)g(i,)h(v)f(=) h(next\(t,)f(nil\))36 273 y(write\('@{'\))46 b(--)24 b(starts)f(constructor) 36 329 y(while)g(i)h(do)84 385 y(store\(i,)e(v\))84 442 y(i,)h(v)h(=)g (next\(t,)f(i\))84 498 y(if)g(i)h(then)f(write\(',)g('\))h(end)36 555 y(end)36 611 y(write\('}'\))46 b(--)24 b(closes)f(constructor)-12 668 y(end)-12 789 y Fb(7.4)56 b(A)19 b(Cfunction)-12 875 y Fm(A)c(Cfunction)h(to)f(compute)g(the)g(maxim)o(um)h(of)e(a)h(v)m(ariable)i (n)o(um)o(b)q(er)e(of)g(argumen)o(ts)f(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)h(written)f(as:)-12 969 y Fj(void)24 b(math_max)e(\(void\))-12 1026 y({)12 1082 y(int)i(i=1;)71 b(/*)23 b(number)g(of)h(arguments)e(*/)12 1138 y(double)h(d,)h(dmax;)12 1195 y(lua_Object)f(o;)12 1251 y(/*)h(the)f (function)g(must)g(get)h(at)f(least)g(one)h(argument)f(*/)12 1308 y(if)h(\(\(o)f(=)h(lua_getparam\(i++\)\))d(==)j(0\))12 1364 y({)g(lua_error)e(\("too)i(few)f(arguments)g(to)g(function)g(`max'"\);)g (return;)g(})12 1421 y(/*)h(and)f(this)g(argument)g(must)g(be)h(a)g(number)f (*/)12 1477 y(if)h(\(!lua_isnumber\(o\)\))12 1534 y({)g(lua_error)e (\("incorrect)h(arguments)f(to)i(function)f(`max'"\);)g(return;)f(})12 1590 y(dmax)h(=)h(lua_getnumber)e(\(o\);)12 1647 y(/*)i(loops)f(until)g (there)g(is)h(no)f(more)h(arguments)e(*/)12 1703 y(while)h(\(\(o)h(=)f (lua_getparam\(i++\)\))f(!=)h(0\))12 1759 y({)36 1816 y(if)h (\(!lua_isnumber\(o\)\))36 1872 y({)g(lua_error)e(\("incorrect)h(arguments)f (to)i(function)f(`max'"\);)f(return;)h(})36 1929 y(d)h(=)f(lua_getnumber)f (\(o\);)36 1985 y(if)i(\(d)f(>)h(dmax\))f(dmax)g(=)h(d;)12 2042 y(})12 2098 y(/*)g(push)f(the)g(result)g(to)h(be)g(returned)e(*/)12 2155 y(lua_pushnumber)g(\(dmax\);)-12 2211 y(})59 2305 y Fm(After)15 b(registered)g(with)-12 2399 y Fj(lua_register)22 b(\("max",)71 b(math_max\);)-12 2493 y Fm(this)16 b(function)g(is)g(a)o(v)m(ailable)g(in)g (Lua,)g(as)e(follo)o(ws:)-12 2586 y Fj(i)24 b(=)g(max\(4,)f(5,)g(10,)h(-34\)) 47 b(--)23 b(i)h(receives)f(10)-12 2708 y Fb(7.5)56 b(Calling)18 b(Lua)h(F)-5 b(unctions)-12 2794 y Fm(This)15 b(example)g(illustrates)g(ho)o (w)f(a)g(C)g(function)h(can)f(call)i(the)e(Lua)g(function)h Fj(remove_blanks)e Fm(presen)o(ted)-12 2850 y(in)j(Section)g(7.2.)899 2976 y(18)p eop %%Page: 19 19 bop -12 160 a Fj(void)24 b(remove_blanks)e(\(char)h(*s\))-12 216 y({)36 273 y(lua_pushstring\(s\);)45 b(/*)24 b(prepare)f(parameter)f(*/) 36 329 y(lua_call\("remove_blanks",)e(1\);)48 b(/*)23 b(call)h(Lua)f (function)g(with)g(1)h(parameter)e(*/)36 385 y(strcpy\(s,)h (lua_getstring\(lua_pop\(\))o(\)\);)45 b(/*)23 b(copy)h(result)f(back)g(to)h ('s')f(*/)-12 442 y(})-12 585 y Fl(Ac)n(kno)n(wledgme)o(n)n(ts)-12 687 y Fm(The)17 b(authors)f(w)o(ould)i(lik)o(e)g(to)e(thank)h(CENPES/PETR)o (OBR)1099 675 y(\023)1093 687 y(AS)g(whic)o(h,)h(join)o(tly)f(with)h(T)l (eCGraf,)e(used)-12 743 y(extensiv)o(ely)g(early)f(v)o(ersions)f(of)g(this)h (system)f(and)h(ga)o(v)o(e)f(v)m(aluable)i(commen)o(ts.)j(The)c(authors)e(w)o (ould)i(also)-12 799 y(lik)o(e)i(to)d(thank)h(Carlos)g(Henrique)h(Levy)l(,)g (who)f(found)h(the)f(name)g(of)g(the)g(game.)899 2976 y(19)p eop %%Trailer end userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if %%EOF