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-<title>Berkeley DB Reference Guide: Dynamic shared libraries</title>
-<meta name="description" content="Berkeley DB: An embedded database programmatic toolkit.">
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-<table><tr valign=top>
-<td><h3><dl><dt>Berkeley DB Reference Guide:<dd>Building Berkeley DB for UNIX systems</dl></h3></td>
-<td width="1%"><a href="../../ref/build_unix/install.html"><img src="../../images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a><a href="../../ref/toc.html"><img src="../../images/ref.gif" alt="Ref"></a><a href="../../ref/build_unix/test.html"><img src="../../images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a>
-</td></tr></table>
-<p>
-<h1 align=center>Dynamic shared libraries</h1>
-<p><b>Warning</b>: the following information is intended to be generic and
-is likely to be correct for most UNIX systems. Unfortunately, dynamic
-shared libraries are not standard between UNIX systems, so there may be
-information here that is not correct for your system. If you have
-problems, consult your compiler and linker manual pages or your system
-administrator.
-<p>The Berkeley DB dynamic shared libraries are created with the name
-libdb-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so, where <b>major</b> is the major
-version number and <b>minor</b> is the minor version number. Other
-shared libraries are created if Java and Tcl support are enabled,
-specifically libdb_java-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so and
-libdb_tcl-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so.
-<p>On most UNIX systems, when any shared library is created, the linker
-stamps it with a "SONAME". In the case of Berkeley DB, the SONAME is
-libdb-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so. It is important to realize that
-applications linked against a shared library remember the SONAMEs of the
-libraries they use and not the underlying names in the filesystem.
-<p>When the Berkeley DB shared library is installed, links are created in the
-install lib directory so that libdb-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so,
-libdb-<b>major</b>.so and libdb.so all reference the same library. This
-library will have an SONAME of libdb-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so.
-<p>Any previous versions of the Berkeley DB libraries that are present in the
-install directory (such as libdb-2.7.so or libdb-2.so) are left unchanged.
-(Removing or moving old shared libraries is one drastic way to identify
-applications that have been linked against those vintage releases.)
-<p>Once you have installed the Berkeley DB libraries, unless they are installed in
-a directory where the linker normally looks for shared libraries, you will
-need to specify the installation directory as part of compiling and
-linking against Berkeley DB. Consult your system manuals or system
-administrator for ways to specify a shared library directory when
-compiling and linking applications with the Berkeley DB libraries. Many systems
-support environment variables (e.g., LD_LIBRARY_PATH, LD_RUN_PATH) ), or
-system configuration files (e.g., /etc/ld.so.conf) for this purpose.
-<p><b>Warning</b>: some UNIX installations may have an already existing
-<b>/usr/lib/libdb.so</b>, and this library may be an incompatible
-version of Berkeley DB.
-<p>We recommend that applications link against libdb.so (e.g., using -ldb).
-Even though the linker uses the file named libdb.so, the executable file
-for the application remembers the library's SONAME
-(libdb-<b>major</b>.<b>minor</b>.so). This has the effect of marking
-the applications with the versions they need at link time. Because
-applications locate their needed SONAMEs when they are executed, all
-previously linked applications will continue to run using the library they
-were linked with, even when a new version of Berkeley DB is installed and the
-file <b>libdb.so</b> is replaced with a new version.
-<p>Applications that know they are using features specific to a particular
-Berkeley DB release can be linked to that release. For example, an application
-wanting to link to Berkeley DB major release "3" can link using -ldb-3, and
-applications that know about a particular minor release number can specify
-both major and minor release numbers, for example, -ldb-3.5.
-<p>If you want to link with Berkeley DB before performing library installation,
-the "make" command will have created a shared library object in the
-<b>.libs</b> subdirectory of the build directory, such as
-<b>build_unix/.libs/libdb-major.minor.so</b>. If you want to link a
-file against this library, with, for example, a major number of "3" and
-a minor number of "5", you should be able to do something like:
-<p><blockquote><pre>cc -L BUILD_DIRECTORY/.libs -o testprog testprog.o -ldb-3.5
-env LD_LIBRARY_PATH="BUILD_DIRECTORY/.libs:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" ./testprog</pre></blockquote>
-<p>where <b>BUILD_DIRECTORY</b> is the full directory path to the directory
-where you built Berkeley DB.
-<p>The libtool program (which is configured in the build_unix directory) can
-be used to set the shared library path and run a program. For example,
-<p><blockquote><pre>libtool gdb db_dump</pre></blockquote>
-<p>runs the gdb debugger on the db_dump utility after setting the appropriate
-paths. Libtool may not know what to do with arbitrary commands (it is
-hardwired to recognize "gdb" and some other commands). If it complains
-the mode argument will usually resolve the problem:
-<p><blockquote><pre>libtool --mode=execute my_debugger db_dump</pre></blockquote>
-<p>On most systems, using libtool in this way is exactly equivalent to
-setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable and then executing the
-program. On other systems, using libtool has the virtue of knowing about
-any other details on systems that don't behave in this typical way.
-<table><tr><td><br></td><td width="1%"><a href="../../ref/build_unix/install.html"><img src="../../images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a><a href="../../ref/toc.html"><img src="../../images/ref.gif" alt="Ref"></a><a href="../../ref/build_unix/test.html"><img src="../../images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a>
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-<p><font size=1><a href="http://www.sleepycat.com">Copyright Sleepycat Software</a></font>
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