drop table if exists t1,t2; drop database if exists mysqltest; create table t1 ( col1 int not null auto_increment primary key, col2 varchar(30) not null, col3 varchar (20) not null, col4 varchar(4) not null, col5 enum('PENDING', 'ACTIVE', 'DISABLED') not null, col6 int not null, to_be_deleted int); insert into t1 values (2,4,3,5,"PENDING",1,7); alter table t1 add column col4_5 varchar(20) not null after col4, add column col7 varchar(30) not null after col5, add column col8 datetime not null, drop column to_be_deleted, change column col2 fourth varchar(30) not null after col3, modify column col6 int not null first; select * from t1; col6 col1 col3 fourth col4 col4_5 col5 col7 col8 1 2 3 4 5 PENDING 0000-00-00 00:00:00 drop table t1; create table t1 (bandID MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, payoutID SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL); insert into t1 (bandID,payoutID) VALUES (1,6),(2,6),(3,4),(4,9),(5,10),(6,1),(7,12),(8,12); alter table t1 add column new_col int, order by payoutid,bandid; select * from t1; bandID payoutID new_col 6 1 NULL 3 4 NULL 1 6 NULL 2 6 NULL 4 9 NULL 5 10 NULL 7 12 NULL 8 12 NULL alter table t1 order by bandid,payoutid; select * from t1; bandID payoutID new_col 1 6 NULL 2 6 NULL 3 4 NULL 4 9 NULL 5 10 NULL 6 1 NULL 7 12 NULL 8 12 NULL drop table t1; CREATE TABLE t1 ( GROUP_ID int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0' NOT NULL, LANG_ID smallint(5) unsigned DEFAULT '0' NOT NULL, NAME varchar(80) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (GROUP_ID,LANG_ID), KEY NAME (NAME)); ALTER TABLE t1 CHANGE NAME NAME CHAR(80) not null; SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM t1; Field Type Collation Null Key Default Extra Privileges Comment GROUP_ID int(10) unsigned NULL NO PRI 0 select,insert,update,references LANG_ID smallint(5) unsigned NULL NO PRI 0 select,insert,update,references NAME char(80) latin1_swedish_ci NO MUL select,insert,update,references DROP TABLE t1; create table t1 (n int); insert into t1 values(9),(3),(12),(10); alter table t1 order by n; select * from t1; n 3 9 10 12 drop table t1; CREATE TABLE t1 ( id int(11) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', category_id tinyint(4) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', type_id tinyint(4) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', body text NOT NULL, user_id int(11) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', status enum('new','old') NOT NULL default 'new', PRIMARY KEY (id) ) ENGINE=MyISAM; ALTER TABLE t1 ORDER BY t1.id, t1.status, t1.type_id, t1.user_id, t1.body; DROP TABLE t1; CREATE TABLE t1 (AnamneseId int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,B BLOB,PRIMARY KEY (AnamneseId)) engine=myisam; insert into t1 values (null,"hello"); LOCK TABLES t1 WRITE; ALTER TABLE t1 ADD Column new_col int not null; UNLOCK TABLES; OPTIMIZE TABLE t1; Table Op Msg_type Msg_text test.t1 optimize status OK DROP TABLE t1; create table t1 (i int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key); insert into t1 values (null),(null),(null),(null); alter table t1 drop i,add i int unsigned not null auto_increment, drop primary key, add primary key (i); select * from t1; i 1 2 3 4 drop table t1; create table t1 (name char(15)); insert into t1 (name) values ("current"); create database mysqltest; create table mysqltest.t1 (name char(15)); insert into mysqltest.t1 (name) values ("mysqltest"); select * from t1; name current select * from mysqltest.t1; name mysqltest alter table t1 rename mysqltest.t1; ERROR 42S01: Table 't1' already exists select * from t1; name current select * from mysqltest.t1; name mysqltest drop table t1; drop database mysqltest; create database mysqltest; create table mysqltest.t1 (a int,b int,c int); grant all on mysqltest.t1 to mysqltest_1@localhost; alter table t1 rename t2; ERROR 42000: INSERT,CREATE command denied to user 'mysqltest_1'@'localhost' for table 't2' revoke all privileges on mysqltest.t1 from mysqltest_1@localhost; delete from mysql.user where user=_binary'mysqltest_1'; drop database mysqltest; create table t1 (n1 int not null, n2 int, n3 int, n4 float, unique(n1), key (n1, n2, n3, n4), key (n2, n3, n4, n1), key (n3, n4, n1, n2), key (n4, n1, n2, n3) ); alter table t1 disable keys; show keys from t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 n1 1 n1 A 0 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 n1_2 1 n1 A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled t1 1 n1_2 2 n2 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n1_2 3 n3 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n1_2 4 n4 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n2 1 n2 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n2 2 n3 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n2 3 n4 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n2 4 n1 A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled t1 1 n3 1 n3 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n3 2 n4 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n3 3 n1 A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled t1 1 n3 4 n2 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n4 1 n4 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n4 2 n1 A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled t1 1 n4 3 n2 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled t1 1 n4 4 n3 A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE disabled insert into t1 values(10,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(9,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(8,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(7,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(6,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(5,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(4,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(3,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(2,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); insert into t1 values(1,RAND()*1000,RAND()*1000,RAND()); alter table t1 enable keys; show keys from t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 n1 1 n1 A 10 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 n1_2 1 n1 A 10 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 n1_2 2 n2 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n1_2 3 n3 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n1_2 4 n4 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n2 1 n2 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n2 2 n3 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n2 3 n4 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n2 4 n1 A 10 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 n3 1 n3 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n3 2 n4 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n3 3 n1 A 10 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 n3 4 n2 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n4 1 n4 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n4 2 n1 A 10 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 n4 3 n2 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 n4 4 n3 A 10 NULL NULL YES BTREE drop table t1; create table t1 (i int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key); alter table t1 rename t2; alter table t2 rename t1, add c char(10) comment "no comment"; show columns from t1; Field Type Null Key Default Extra i int(10) unsigned NO PRI NULL auto_increment c char(10) YES NULL drop table t1; create table t1 (a int, b int); insert into t1 values(1,100), (2,100), (3, 100); insert into t1 values(1,99), (2,99), (3, 99); insert into t1 values(1,98), (2,98), (3, 98); insert into t1 values(1,97), (2,97), (3, 97); insert into t1 values(1,96), (2,96), (3, 96); insert into t1 values(1,95), (2,95), (3, 95); insert into t1 values(1,94), (2,94), (3, 94); insert into t1 values(1,93), (2,93), (3, 93); insert into t1 values(1,92), (2,92), (3, 92); insert into t1 values(1,91), (2,91), (3, 91); insert into t1 values(1,90), (2,90), (3, 90); insert into t1 values(1,89), (2,89), (3, 89); insert into t1 values(1,88), (2,88), (3, 88); insert into t1 values(1,87), (2,87), (3, 87); insert into t1 values(1,86), (2,86), (3, 86); insert into t1 values(1,85), (2,85), (3, 85); insert into t1 values(1,84), (2,84), (3, 84); insert into t1 values(1,83), (2,83), (3, 83); insert into t1 values(1,82), (2,82), (3, 82); insert into t1 values(1,81), (2,81), (3, 81); insert into t1 values(1,80), (2,80), (3, 80); insert into t1 values(1,79), (2,79), (3, 79); insert into t1 values(1,78), (2,78), (3, 78); insert into t1 values(1,77), (2,77), (3, 77); insert into t1 values(1,76), (2,76), (3, 76); insert into t1 values(1,75), (2,75), (3, 75); insert into t1 values(1,74), (2,74), (3, 74); insert into t1 values(1,73), (2,73), (3, 73); insert into t1 values(1,72), (2,72), (3, 72); insert into t1 values(1,71), (2,71), (3, 71); insert into t1 values(1,70), (2,70), (3, 70); insert into t1 values(1,69), (2,69), (3, 69); insert into t1 values(1,68), (2,68), (3, 68); insert into t1 values(1,67), (2,67), (3, 67); insert into t1 values(1,66), (2,66), (3, 66); insert into t1 values(1,65), (2,65), (3, 65); insert into t1 values(1,64), (2,64), (3, 64); insert into t1 values(1,63), (2,63), (3, 63); insert into t1 values(1,62), (2,62), (3, 62); insert into t1 values(1,61), (2,61), (3, 61); insert into t1 values(1,60), (2,60), (3, 60); insert into t1 values(1,59), (2,59), (3, 59); insert into t1 values(1,58), (2,58), (3, 58); insert into t1 values(1,57), (2,57), (3, 57); insert into t1 values(1,56), (2,56), (3, 56); insert into t1 values(1,55), (2,55), (3, 55); insert into t1 values(1,54), (2,54), (3, 54); insert into t1 values(1,53), (2,53), (3, 53); insert into t1 values(1,52), (2,52), (3, 52); insert into t1 values(1,51), (2,51), (3, 51); insert into t1 values(1,50), (2,50), (3, 50); insert into t1 values(1,49), (2,49), (3, 49); insert into t1 values(1,48), (2,48), (3, 48); insert into t1 values(1,47), (2,47), (3, 47); insert into t1 values(1,46), (2,46), (3, 46); insert into t1 values(1,45), (2,45), (3, 45); insert into t1 values(1,44), (2,44), (3, 44); insert into t1 values(1,43), (2,43), (3, 43); insert into t1 values(1,42), (2,42), (3, 42); insert into t1 values(1,41), (2,41), (3, 41); insert into t1 values(1,40), (2,40), (3, 40); insert into t1 values(1,39), (2,39), (3, 39); insert into t1 values(1,38), (2,38), (3, 38); insert into t1 values(1,37), (2,37), (3, 37); insert into t1 values(1,36), (2,36), (3, 36); insert into t1 values(1,35), (2,35), (3, 35); insert into t1 values(1,34), (2,34), (3, 34); insert into t1 values(1,33), (2,33), (3, 33); insert into t1 values(1,32), (2,32), (3, 32); insert into t1 values(1,31), (2,31), (3, 31); insert into t1 values(1,30), (2,30), (3, 30); insert into t1 values(1,29), (2,29), (3, 29); insert into t1 values(1,28), (2,28), (3, 28); insert into t1 values(1,27), (2,27), (3, 27); insert into t1 values(1,26), (2,26), (3, 26); insert into t1 values(1,25), (2,25), (3, 25); insert into t1 values(1,24), (2,24), (3, 24); insert into t1 values(1,23), (2,23), (3, 23); insert into t1 values(1,22), (2,22), (3, 22); insert into t1 values(1,21), (2,21), (3, 21); insert into t1 values(1,20), (2,20), (3, 20); insert into t1 values(1,19), (2,19), (3, 19); insert into t1 values(1,18), (2,18), (3, 18); insert into t1 values(1,17), (2,17), (3, 17); insert into t1 values(1,16), (2,16), (3, 16); insert into t1 values(1,15), (2,15), (3, 15); insert into t1 values(1,14), (2,14), (3, 14); insert into t1 values(1,13), (2,13), (3, 13); insert into t1 values(1,12), (2,12), (3, 12); insert into t1 values(1,11), (2,11), (3, 11); insert into t1 values(1,10), (2,10), (3, 10); insert into t1 values(1,9), (2,9), (3, 9); insert into t1 values(1,8), (2,8), (3, 8); insert into t1 values(1,7), (2,7), (3, 7); insert into t1 values(1,6), (2,6), (3, 6); insert into t1 values(1,5), (2,5), (3, 5); insert into t1 values(1,4), (2,4), (3, 4); insert into t1 values(1,3), (2,3), (3, 3); insert into t1 values(1,2), (2,2), (3, 2); insert into t1 values(1,1), (2,1), (3, 1); alter table t1 add unique (a,b), add key (b); show keys from t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 a 1 a A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 0 a 2 b A NULL NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 b 1 b A 100 NULL NULL YES BTREE analyze table t1; Table Op Msg_type Msg_text test.t1 analyze status OK show keys from t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 a 1 a A 3 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 0 a 2 b A 300 NULL NULL YES BTREE t1 1 b 1 b A 100 NULL NULL YES BTREE drop table t1; CREATE TABLE t1 (i int(10), index(i) ); ALTER TABLE t1 DISABLE KEYS; INSERT DELAYED INTO t1 VALUES(1),(2),(3); ALTER TABLE t1 ENABLE KEYS; drop table t1; set names koi8r; create table t1 (a char(10) character set koi8r); insert into t1 values ('ΤΕΣΤ'); select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ D4C5D3D4 alter table t1 change a a char(10) character set cp1251; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ F2E5F1F2 alter table t1 change a a binary(10); select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ςερς F2E5F1F2 alter table t1 change a a char(10) character set cp1251; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ F2E5F1F2 alter table t1 change a a char(10) character set koi8r; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ D4C5D3D4 alter table t1 change a a varchar(10) character set cp1251; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ F2E5F1F2 alter table t1 change a a char(10) character set koi8r; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ D4C5D3D4 alter table t1 change a a text character set cp1251; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ F2E5F1F2 alter table t1 change a a char(10) character set koi8r; select a,hex(a) from t1; a hex(a) ΤΕΣΤ D4C5D3D4 delete from t1; show create table t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `a` char(10) character set koi8r default NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 alter table t1 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1; show create table t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `a` char(10) character set koi8r default NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 alter table t1 CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET latin1; show create table t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `a` char(10) default NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 alter table t1 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET cp1251; show create table t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `a` char(10) character set latin1 default NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=cp1251 drop table t1; create table t1 (myblob longblob,mytext longtext) default charset latin1 collate latin1_general_cs; show create table t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `myblob` longblob, `mytext` longtext collate latin1_general_cs ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COLLATE=latin1_general_cs alter table t1 character set latin2; show create table t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `myblob` longblob, `mytext` longtext character set latin1 collate latin1_general_cs ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin2 drop table t1; CREATE TABLE t1 ( Host varchar(16) binary NOT NULL default '', User varchar(16) binary NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (Host,User) ) ENGINE=MyISAM; ALTER TABLE t1 DISABLE KEYS; LOCK TABLES t1 WRITE; INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ('localhost','root'),('localhost',''),('games','monty'); SHOW INDEX FROM t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 PRIMARY 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE t1 0 PRIMARY 2 User A 3 NULL NULL BTREE ALTER TABLE t1 ENABLE KEYS; UNLOCK TABLES; CHECK TABLES t1; Table Op Msg_type Msg_text test.t1 check status OK DROP TABLE t1; CREATE TABLE t1 ( Host varchar(16) binary NOT NULL default '', User varchar(16) binary NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (Host,User), KEY (Host) ) ENGINE=MyISAM; ALTER TABLE t1 DISABLE KEYS; SHOW INDEX FROM t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 PRIMARY 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE t1 0 PRIMARY 2 User A 0 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 Host 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled LOCK TABLES t1 WRITE; INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ('localhost','root'),('localhost',''); SHOW INDEX FROM t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 PRIMARY 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE t1 0 PRIMARY 2 User A 2 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 Host 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled ALTER TABLE t1 ENABLE KEYS; SHOW INDEX FROM t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 PRIMARY 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE t1 0 PRIMARY 2 User A 2 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 Host 1 Host A 1 NULL NULL BTREE UNLOCK TABLES; CHECK TABLES t1; Table Op Msg_type Msg_text test.t1 check status OK LOCK TABLES t1 WRITE; ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME t2; UNLOCK TABLES; select * from t2; Host User localhost localhost root DROP TABLE t2; CREATE TABLE t1 ( Host varchar(16) binary NOT NULL default '', User varchar(16) binary NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (Host,User), KEY (Host) ) ENGINE=MyISAM; LOCK TABLES t1 WRITE; ALTER TABLE t1 DISABLE KEYS; SHOW INDEX FROM t1; Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment t1 0 PRIMARY 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE t1 0 PRIMARY 2 User A 0 NULL NULL BTREE t1 1 Host 1 Host A NULL NULL NULL BTREE disabled DROP TABLE t1; CREATE TABLE t1 (a int PRIMARY KEY, b INT UNIQUE); ALTER TABLE t1 DROP PRIMARY KEY; SHOW CREATE TABLE t1; Table Create Table t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `a` int(11) NOT NULL, `b` int(11) default NULL, UNIQUE KEY `b` (`b`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 ALTER TABLE t1 DROP PRIMARY KEY; ERROR 42000: Can't DROP 'PRIMARY'; check that column/key exists DROP TABLE t1; create table t1 (a int, b int, key(a)); insert into t1 values (1,1), (2,2); alter table t1 drop key no_such_key; ERROR 42000: Can't DROP 'no_such_key'; check that column/key exists alter table t1 drop key a; drop table t1; create table t1 (a int); alter table t1 rename to `t1\\`; ERROR 42000: Incorrect table name 't1\\' rename table t1 to `t1\\`; ERROR 42000: Incorrect table name 't1\\' drop table t1; create table t1 (a text) character set koi8r; insert into t1 values (_koi8r'ΤΕΣΤ'); select hex(a) from t1; hex(a) D4C5D3D4 alter table t1 convert to character set cp1251; select hex(a) from t1; hex(a) F2E5F1F2 drop table t1; create table t1 ( a timestamp ); alter table t1 add unique ( a(1) ); ERROR HY000: Incorrect sub part key; the used key part isn't a string, the used length is longer than the key part, or the storage engine doesn't support unique sub keys drop table t1;