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select 1 union ( select 2 union select 3);
1
1
2
3
explain extended
select 1 union ( select 2 union select 3);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
4	UNION	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
2	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
3	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,4>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#4 */ select `__4`.`2` AS `2` from (/* select#2 */ select 2 AS `2` union /* select#3 */ select 3 AS `3`) `__4`
select 1 union ( select 1 union select 1);
1
1
explain extended
select 1 union ( select 1 union select 1);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
4	UNION	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
2	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
3	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,4>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#4 */ select `__4`.`1` AS `1` from (/* select#2 */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#3 */ select 1 AS `1`) `__4`
select 1 union all ( select 1 union select 1);
1
1
1
explain extended
select 1 union all ( select 1 union select 1);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
4	UNION	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
2	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
3	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `1` union all /* select#4 */ select `__4`.`1` AS `1` from (/* select#2 */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#3 */ select 1 AS `1`) `__4`
select 1 union ( select 1 union all select 1);
1
1
explain extended
select 1 union ( select 1 union all select 1);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
4	UNION	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
2	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
3	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,4>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#4 */ select `__4`.`1` AS `1` from (/* select#2 */ select 1 AS `1` union all /* select#3 */ select 1 AS `1`) `__4`
select 1 union select 1 union all select 1;
1
1
1
explain extended
select 1 union select 1 union all select 1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
2	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
3	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#2 */ select 1 AS `1` union all /* select#3 */ select 1 AS `1`
(select 1 as a) union (select 2) order by a;
a
1
2
explain extended
(select 1 as a) union (select 2) order by a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
2	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	Using filesort
Warnings:
Note	1003	(/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `a`) union (/* select#2 */ select 2 AS `2`) order by `a`
/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `a` union /* select#2 */ select 2 AS `2` order by `a`;
a
1
2
explain extended
/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `a` union /* select#2 */ select 2 AS `2` order by `a`;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
2	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	Using filesort
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select 1 AS `a` union /* select#2 */ select 2 AS `2` order by `a`
select 1 union ( select 1 union (select 1 union (select 1 union select 1)));
1
1
explain extended all
select 1 union ( select 1 union (select 1 union (select 1 union select 1)));
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
8	UNION	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
2	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
7	UNION	<derived3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
3	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
6	UNION	<derived4>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
4	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
5	UNION	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union4,5>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union3,6>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union2,7>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,8>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1/0 Filter Select: select `1` AS `1` */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#8/0 */ select `__8`.`1` AS `1` from (/* select#2/1 Filter Select: select `1` AS `1` */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#7/1 */ select `__7`.`1` AS `1` from (/* select#3/2 Filter Select: select `1` AS `1` */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#6/2 */ select `__6`.`1` AS `1` from (/* select#4/3 Filter Select: select `1` AS `1` */ select 1 AS `1` union /* select#5/3 */ select 1 AS `1`) `__6`) `__7`) `__8`
#
# MDEV-6341: INSERT ... SELECT UNION with parenthesis
#
create table t1 (a int, b int);
insert into t1 (select 1,1 union select 2,2);
select * from t1 order by 1;
a	b
1	1
2	2
delete from t1;
insert into t1 select 1,1 union select 2,2;
select * from t1 order by 1;
a	b
1	1
2	2
drop table t1;
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE t1 AS SELECT 1 AS a UNION SELECT 2;
select * from t1 order by 1;
a
1
2
drop table t1;
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE t1 AS (SELECT 1 AS a UNION SELECT 2);
select * from t1 order by 1;
a
1
2
drop table t1;
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v1 AS (SELECT 1 AS a);
show create view v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS (select 1 AS `a`)	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
drop view v1;
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v1 AS SELECT 1 AS a UNION SELECT 2;
show create view v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS select 1 AS `a` union select 2 AS `2`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
drop view v1;
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v1 AS (SELECT 1 AS a UNION SELECT 2);
show create view v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS select 1 AS `a` union select 2 AS `2`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
drop view v1;
#
# MDEV-10028: Syntax error on ((SELECT ...) UNION (SELECT ...))
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (10);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (20);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (30);
((SELECT a FROM t1) UNION (SELECT a FROM t1));
a
10
20
30
(SELECT * FROM t1 UNION SELECT * FROM t1);
a
10
20
30
((SELECT a FROM t1) LIMIT 1);
a
10
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1 UNION (SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3)) t1;
1
1
2
3
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# test of several levels of ORDER BY / LIMIT
#
create table t1 (a int, b int);
insert into t1 (a,b) values (1, 100), (2, 200), (3,30), (4,4);
select a,b from t1 order by 1 limit 3;
a	b
1	100
2	200
3	30
(select a,b from t1 order by 1 limit 3) order by 2 limit 2;
a	b
3	30
1	100
(select 10,1000 union select a,b from t1 order by 1 limit 3) order by 2 limit 2;
10	1000
3	30
1	100
((select a,b from t1 order by 1 limit 3) order by 2 limit 2) order by 1 limit 1;
a	b
1	100
((select a,b from t1 order by 1 limit 3) order by 2 limit 2) order by 1;
a	b
1	100
3	30
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-16359: union with 3 selects in brackets
#
select 1 union select 1 union select 1;
1
1
(select 1 union select 1 union select 1);
1
1
((select 1) union (select 1) union (select 1));
1
1
#
# MDEV-16357: union in brackets with tail
#             union with tail in brackets
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (a int);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1),(2),(3),(4);
CREATE TABLE t2 (a int);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (4),(5),(6),(7);
(SELECT a FROM t1  UNION SELECT a FROM t2) LIMIT 1;
a
1
(SELECT a FROM t1  UNION SELECT a FROM t2) ORDER BY a DESC;
a
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
(SELECT a FROM t1  UNION SELECT a FROM t2 LIMIT 1);
a
1
DROP TABLE t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-19324: ((SELECT ...) ORDER BY col ) LIMIT n
#
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (10),(20),(30);
select a from t1 order by a desc limit 1;
a
30
explain extended select a from t1 order by a desc limit 1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	Using filesort
Warnings:
Note	1003	select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` order by `test`.`t1`.`a` desc limit 1
explain format=json select a from t1 order by a desc limit 1;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "read_sorted_file": {
      "filesort": {
        "sort_key": "t1.a desc",
        "table": {
          "table_name": "t1",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "rows": 3,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
(select a from t1 order by a desc) limit 1;
a
30
explain extended (select a from t1 order by a desc) limit 1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	Using filesort
Warnings:
Note	1003	(select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` order by `test`.`t1`.`a` desc limit 1)
explain format=json (select a from t1 order by a desc) limit 1;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "read_sorted_file": {
      "filesort": {
        "sort_key": "t1.a desc",
        "table": {
          "table_name": "t1",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "rows": 3,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
(select a from t1 where a=20 union select a from t1) order by a desc limit 1;
a
30
explain extended (select a from t1 where a=20 union select a from t1) order by a desc limit 1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	Using where
2	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	Using filesort
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`a` = 20 union /* select#2 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` order by `a` desc limit 1
explain format=json (select a from t1 where a=20 union select a from t1) order by a desc limit 1;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "union_result": {
      "table_name": "<union1,2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "query_specifications": [
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 1,
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 3,
              "filtered": 100,
              "attached_condition": "t1.a = 20"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 2,
            "operation": "UNION",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 3,
              "filtered": 100
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
((select a from t1 where a=20 union select a from t1) order by a desc) limit 1;
a
30
explain extended ((select a from t1 where a=20 union select a from t1) order by a desc) limit 1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	Using where
2	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	Using filesort
Warnings:
Note	1003	(/* select#1 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`a` = 20) union /* select#2 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` order by `a` desc limit 1
explain format=json ((select a from t1 where a=20 union select a from t1) order by a desc) limit 1;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "union_result": {
      "table_name": "<union1,2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "query_specifications": [
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 1,
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 3,
              "filtered": 100,
              "attached_condition": "t1.a = 20"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 2,
            "operation": "UNION",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 3,
              "filtered": 100
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-19363: ((SELECT ...) ORDER BY col ) LIMIT n UNION ...
#
create table t1 (pk int);
insert into t1 values (5),(4),(1),(2),(3);
((select * from t1 order by pk) limit 2) union (select * from t1 where pk > 4);
pk
1
2
5
explain extended ((select * from t1 order by pk) limit 2) union (select * from t1 where pk > 4);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	5	100.00	Using filesort
2	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	5	100.00	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	(/* select#1 */ select `test`.`t1`.`pk` AS `pk` from `test`.`t1` order by `test`.`t1`.`pk` limit 2) union (/* select#2 */ select `test`.`t1`.`pk` AS `pk` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`pk` > 4)
explain format=json ((select * from t1 order by pk) limit 2) union (select * from t1 where pk > 4);
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "union_result": {
      "table_name": "<union1,2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "query_specifications": [
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 1,
            "read_sorted_file": {
              "filesort": {
                "sort_key": "t1.pk",
                "table": {
                  "table_name": "t1",
                  "access_type": "ALL",
                  "rows": 5,
                  "filtered": 100
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 2,
            "operation": "UNION",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 5,
              "filtered": 100,
              "attached_condition": "t1.pk > 4"
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-18689: parenthesis around table names and derived tables
#
select * from ( mysql.db );
Host	Db	User	Select_priv	Insert_priv	Update_priv	Delete_priv	Create_priv	Drop_priv	Grant_priv	References_priv	Index_priv	Alter_priv	Create_tmp_table_priv	Lock_tables_priv	Create_view_priv	Show_view_priv	Create_routine_priv	Alter_routine_priv	Execute_priv	Event_priv	Trigger_priv	Delete_history_priv
%	test		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	N	Y	Y	Y
%	test\_%		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	N	Y	Y	Y
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (7), (2), (7);
select * from (t1);
a
7
2
7
select * from ((t1));
a
7
2
7
select * from (t1 t) where t.a > 5;
a
7
7
select * from ((t1 t)) where t.a > 5;
a
7
7
select * from ((select a, sum(a) from t1 group by a) t);
a	sum(a)
2	2
7	14
select * from (((select a, sum(a) from t1 group by a) t));
a	sum(a)
2	2
7	14
update (t1 t) set t.a=t.a+1;
select * from t1;
a
8
3
8
drop table t1;
# End of 10.4 tests