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create table t (id int, s date, e date, period for apptime(s,e));
insert into t values(1, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
insert into t values(1, '1999-01-01', '2017-01-01');
insert into t values(1, '2017-01-01', '2019-01-01');
insert into t values(2, '1998-01-01', '2018-12-12');
insert into t values(3, '1997-01-01', '2015-01-01');
insert into t values(4, '2016-01-01', '2020-01-01');
insert into t values(5, '2010-01-01', '2015-01-01');
create or replace table t1 (id int, s date, e date, period for apptime(s,e));
insert t1 select * from t;
create or replace table t2 (id int, s date, e date, period for apptime(s,e));
insert t2 select * from t;
create or replace table t3 (id int, s date, e date, period for apptime(s,e));
insert t3 select * from t;
create or replace table log_tbl(id int auto_increment primary key, log text) engine=myisam;
create or replace procedure log(s text)
insert into log_tbl(log) values(s);
create trigger tr1upd_t1 before update on t1
for each row call log(CONCAT('>UPD: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2upd_t1 after update on t1
for each row call log(CONCAT('<UPD: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr1del_t1 before delete on t1
for each row call log(CONCAT('>DEL: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr2del_t1 after delete on t1
for each row call log(CONCAT('<DEL: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr1ins_t1 before insert on t1
for each row call log(CONCAT('>INS: ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2ins_t1 after insert on t1
for each row call log(CONCAT('<INS: ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
delete from t1 for portion of APPTIME from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from t;
id s e
1 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
1 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
1 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
1 2018-01-01 2019-01-01
2 1998-01-01 2000-01-01
2 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
3 1997-01-01 2000-01-01
4 2018-01-01 2020-01-01
select * from t1;
id s e
1 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
1 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
1 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
1 2018-01-01 2019-01-01
2 1998-01-01 2000-01-01
2 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
3 1997-01-01 2000-01-01
4 2018-01-01 2020-01-01
select * from log_tbl order by id;
id log
1 >DEL: 1, 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
2 >INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
3 <INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
4 >INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
5 <INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
6 <DEL: 1, 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
7 >DEL: 1, 1999-01-01, 2017-01-01
8 >INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
9 <INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
10 <DEL: 1, 1999-01-01, 2017-01-01
11 >DEL: 1, 2017-01-01, 2019-01-01
12 >INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2019-01-01
13 <INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2019-01-01
14 <DEL: 1, 2017-01-01, 2019-01-01
15 >DEL: 2, 1998-01-01, 2018-12-12
16 >INS: 2, 1998-01-01, 2000-01-01
17 <INS: 2, 1998-01-01, 2000-01-01
18 >INS: 2, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
19 <INS: 2, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
20 <DEL: 2, 1998-01-01, 2018-12-12
21 >DEL: 3, 1997-01-01, 2015-01-01
22 >INS: 3, 1997-01-01, 2000-01-01
23 <INS: 3, 1997-01-01, 2000-01-01
24 <DEL: 3, 1997-01-01, 2015-01-01
25 >DEL: 4, 2016-01-01, 2020-01-01
26 >INS: 4, 2018-01-01, 2020-01-01
27 <INS: 4, 2018-01-01, 2020-01-01
28 <DEL: 4, 2016-01-01, 2020-01-01
29 >DEL: 5, 2010-01-01, 2015-01-01
30 <DEL: 5, 2010-01-01, 2015-01-01
# INSERT trigger only also works
create or replace table log_tbl(id int auto_increment primary key, log text) engine=myisam;
create or replace procedure log(s text)
insert into log_tbl(log) values(s);
create trigger tr1upd_t2 before update on t2
for each row call log(CONCAT('>UPD: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2upd_t2 after update on t2
for each row call log(CONCAT('<UPD: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr1del_t2 before delete on t2
for each row call log(CONCAT('>DEL: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr2del_t2 after delete on t2
for each row call log(CONCAT('<DEL: ', old.id, ", ", old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr1ins_t2 before insert on t2
for each row call log(CONCAT('>INS: ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2ins_t2 after insert on t2
for each row call log(CONCAT('<INS: ', new.id, ", ", new.s, ", ", new.e));
drop trigger tr1del_t2;
drop trigger tr2del_t2;
delete from t2 for portion of APPTIME from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from log_tbl order by id;
id log
1 >INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
2 <INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
3 >INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
4 <INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
5 >INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
6 <INS: 1, 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
7 >INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2019-01-01
8 <INS: 1, 2018-01-01, 2019-01-01
9 >INS: 2, 1998-01-01, 2000-01-01
10 <INS: 2, 1998-01-01, 2000-01-01
11 >INS: 2, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
12 <INS: 2, 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
13 >INS: 3, 1997-01-01, 2000-01-01
14 <INS: 3, 1997-01-01, 2000-01-01
15 >INS: 4, 2018-01-01, 2020-01-01
16 <INS: 4, 2018-01-01, 2020-01-01
# removing BEFORE INSERT trigger enables internal substitution
# DELETE+INSERT -> UPDATE, but without any side effects.
# The optimization is disabled for non-transactional engines
create or replace table log_tbl(id int auto_increment primary key, log text) engine=myisam;
create or replace procedure log(s text)
insert into log_tbl(log) values(s);
create trigger tr1upd_t3 before update on t3
for each row call log(CONCAT('>UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2upd_t3 after update on t3
for each row call log(CONCAT('<UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr1del_t3 before delete on t3
for each row call log(CONCAT('>DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr2del_t3 after delete on t3
for each row call log(CONCAT('<DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr1ins_t3 before insert on t3
for each row call log(CONCAT('>INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2ins_t3 after insert on t3
for each row call log(CONCAT('<INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
drop trigger tr1ins_t3;
delete from t3 for portion of APPTIME from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from log_tbl order by id;
id log
1 >DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
2 <INS: 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
3 <INS: 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
4 <DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
5 >DEL: 1999-01-01, 2017-01-01
6 <INS: 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
7 <DEL: 1999-01-01, 2017-01-01
8 >DEL: 2017-01-01, 2019-01-01
9 <INS: 2018-01-01, 2019-01-01
10 <DEL: 2017-01-01, 2019-01-01
11 >DEL: 1998-01-01, 2018-12-12
12 <INS: 1998-01-01, 2000-01-01
13 <INS: 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
14 <DEL: 1998-01-01, 2018-12-12
15 >DEL: 1997-01-01, 2015-01-01
16 <INS: 1997-01-01, 2000-01-01
17 <DEL: 1997-01-01, 2015-01-01
18 >DEL: 2016-01-01, 2020-01-01
19 <INS: 2018-01-01, 2020-01-01
20 <DEL: 2016-01-01, 2020-01-01
21 >DEL: 2010-01-01, 2015-01-01
22 <DEL: 2010-01-01, 2015-01-01
# multi-table DELETE is not possible
delete t, t1 from t1, t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01'' at line 1
delete t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01', t1 from t, t1;
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01', t1 from t, t1' at line 1
# Here another check fails before parsing ends
delete t, t1 from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01', t1;
ERROR 42S02: Unknown table 't1' in MULTI DELETE
delete history from t2 for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01'' at line 1
delete from t for portion of othertime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR HY000: Period `othertime` is not found in table
delete from t for portion of system_time from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'of system_time from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01'' at line 1
create or replace table t (id int, str text, s date, e date,
period for apptime(s,e));
insert into t values(1, 'data', '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
insert into t values(1, 'other data', '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
insert into t values(1, 'deleted', '2000-01-01', '2018-01-01');
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
show warnings;
Level Code Message
select * from t;
id str s e
1 data 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
1 data 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
1 other data 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
1 other data 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
drop table t1;
# SQL16, Part 2, 15.7 <Effect of deleting rows from base tables>,
# General rules, 8)b)i)
# If the column descriptor that corresponds to the i-th field of BR
# describes an identity column, a generated column, a system-time period
# start column, or a system-time period end column, then let V i be
# DEFAULT.
# auto_increment field is updated
create or replace table t (id int primary key auto_increment, s date, e date,
period for apptime(s, e));
insert into t values (default, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
select * from t;
id s e
1 1999-01-01 2018-12-12
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from t;
id s e
2 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
3 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
truncate t;
# same for trigger case
insert into t values (default, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
create or replace table log_tbl(id int auto_increment primary key, log text) engine=myisam;
create or replace procedure log(s text)
insert into log_tbl(log) values(s);
create trigger tr1upd_t before update on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2upd_t after update on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr1del_t before delete on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr2del_t after delete on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr1ins_t before insert on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2ins_t after insert on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from t;
id s e
2 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
3 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
select * from log_tbl order by id;
id log
1 >DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
2 >INS: 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
3 <INS: 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
4 >INS: 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
5 <INS: 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
6 <DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
# generated columns are updated
create or replace table t (s date, e date,
xs date as (s) stored, xe date as (e) stored,
period for apptime(s, e));
insert into t values('1999-01-01', '2018-12-12', default, default);
select * from t;
s e xs xe
1999-01-01 2018-12-12 1999-01-01 2018-12-12
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from t;
s e xs xe
1999-01-01 2000-01-01 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
2018-01-01 2018-12-12 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
truncate t;
# same for trigger case
insert into t values('1999-01-01', '2018-12-12', default, default);
create or replace table log_tbl(id int auto_increment primary key, log text) engine=myisam;
create or replace procedure log(s text)
insert into log_tbl(log) values(s);
create trigger tr1upd_t before update on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2upd_t after update on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr1del_t before delete on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr2del_t after delete on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr1ins_t before insert on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2ins_t after insert on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
select * from t;
s e xs xe
1999-01-01 2000-01-01 1999-01-01 2000-01-01
2018-01-01 2018-12-12 2018-01-01 2018-12-12
select * from log_tbl order by id;
id log
1 >DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
2 >INS: 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
3 <INS: 1999-01-01, 2000-01-01
4 >INS: 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
5 <INS: 2018-01-01, 2018-12-12
6 <DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
# View can't be used
create or replace view v as select * from t;
delete from v for portion of p from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR 42S02: 'v' is a view
# View can't be used
create or replace view v as select t.* from t, t as t1;
delete from v for portion of p from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR HY000: Can not delete from join view 'test.v'
# auto_increment field overflow
create or replace table t (id tinyint auto_increment primary key,
s date, e date, period for apptime(s,e));
insert into t values(127, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR 22003: Out of range value for column 'id' at row 1
select * from t;
id s e
127 1999-01-01 2018-12-12
# same for trigger case
create or replace table log_tbl(id int auto_increment primary key, log text) engine=myisam;
create or replace procedure log(s text)
insert into log_tbl(log) values(s);
create trigger tr1upd_t before update on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2upd_t after update on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<UPD: ', old.s, ", ", old.e, ' -> ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr1del_t before delete on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr2del_t after delete on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<DEL: ', old.s, ", ", old.e));
create trigger tr1ins_t before insert on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('>INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
create trigger tr2ins_t after insert on t
for each row call log(CONCAT('<INS: ', new.s, ", ", new.e));
# negotiate side effects of non-transactional MyISAM engine
replace into t values(127, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12');
select * from t;
id s e
127 1999-01-01 2018-12-12
truncate table log_tbl;
delete from t for portion of apptime from '2000-01-01' to '2018-01-01';
ERROR 22003: Out of range value for column 'id' at row 1
select * from t;
id s e
127 1999-01-01 2018-12-12
select * from log_tbl order by id;
id log
1 >DEL: 1999-01-01, 2018-12-12
# custom constraint for period fields
create or replace table t(id int, s date, e date, period for apptime(s,e),
constraint dist2days check (datediff(e, s) >= 2));
insert into t values(1, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12'),
(2, '1999-01-01', '1999-12-12');
delete from t for portion of apptime from '1999-01-02' to '2018-12-12';
ERROR 23000: CONSTRAINT `dist2days` failed for `test`.`t`
# negotiate side effects of non-transactional MyISAM engine
truncate t;
insert into t values(1, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12'),
(2, '1999-01-01', '1999-12-12');
delete from t for portion of apptime from '1999-01-01' to '2018-12-11';
ERROR 23000: CONSTRAINT `dist2days` failed for `test`.`t`
truncate t;
insert into t values(1, '1999-01-01', '2018-12-12'),
(2, '1999-01-01', '1999-12-12');
delete from t for portion of apptime from '1999-01-03' to '2018-12-10';
select *, datediff(e, s) from t;
id s e datediff(e, s)
1 1999-01-01 1999-01-03 2
1 2018-12-10 2018-12-12 2
2 1999-01-01 1999-01-03 2
drop table t,t2,t3,log_tbl;
drop view v;
drop procedure log;
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