intro: add more details to generated json files

This will help with the writing of tools to generate
VisualStudio project and solution files, and possibly
for other IDEs as well.

- Used compilers a about `host`, `build` and `target` machines
  arere listed in `intro-compilers.json`
- Informations lister in `intro-machines.json`
- `intro-dependencies.json` now includes internal dependencies,
  and relations between dependencies.
- `intro-targets.json` now includes dependencies, `vs_module_defs`,
  `win_subsystem`, and linker parameters.

6 files changed, 172 insertions, 38 deletions

diff --git a/docs/markdown/snippets/more_intro_data.md b/docs/markdown/snippets/more_intro_data.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ce65a378
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/markdown/snippets/more_intro_data.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+## More data in introspection files
+
+- Used compilers are listed in `intro-compilers.json`
+- Informations about `host`, `build` and `target` machines 
+  are lister in `intro-machines.json`
+- `intro-dependencies.json` now includes internal dependencies,
+  and relations between dependencies.
+- `intro-targets.json` now includes dependencies, `vs_module_defs`,
+  `win_subsystem`, and linker parameters.
diff --git a/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py b/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py
index 81be3a157..4d367ed29 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py
@@ -746,7 +746,8 @@ class NinjaBackend(backends.Backend):
                 return False
         return True
 
-    def create_target_source_introspection(self, target: build.Target, comp: compilers.Compiler, parameters, sources, generated_sources):
+    def create_target_source_introspection(self, target: build.Target, comp: compilers.Compiler, parameters, sources, generated_sources,
+                                           unity_sources: T.Optional[T.List[mesonlib.FileOrString]] = None):
         '''
         Adds the source file introspection information for a language of a target
 
@@ -781,16 +782,40 @@ class NinjaBackend(backends.Backend):
                 'parameters': parameters,
                 'sources': [],
                 'generated_sources': [],
+                'unity_sources': [],
             }
             tgt[id_hash] = src_block
-        # Make source files absolute
-        sources = [x.absolute_path(self.source_dir, self.build_dir) if isinstance(x, File) else os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.build_dir, x))
-                   for x in sources]
-        generated_sources = [x.absolute_path(self.source_dir, self.build_dir) if isinstance(x, File) else os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.build_dir, x))
-                             for x in generated_sources]
-        # Add the source files
-        src_block['sources'] += sources
-        src_block['generated_sources'] += generated_sources
+
+        def compute_path(file: mesonlib.FileOrString) -> str:
+            """ Make source files absolute """
+            if isinstance(file, File):
+                return file.absolute_path(self.source_dir, self.build_dir)
+            return os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.build_dir, file))
+
+        src_block['sources'].extend(compute_path(x) for x in sources)
+        src_block['generated_sources'].extend(compute_path(x) for x in generated_sources)
+        if unity_sources:
+            src_block['unity_sources'].extend(compute_path(x) for x in unity_sources)
+
+    def create_target_linker_introspection(self, target: build.Target, linker: T.Union[Compiler, StaticLinker], parameters):
+        tid = target.get_id()
+        tgt = self.introspection_data[tid]
+        lnk_hash = tuple(parameters)
+        lnk_block = tgt.get(lnk_hash, None)
+        if lnk_block is None:
+            if isinstance(parameters, CompilerArgs):
+                parameters = parameters.to_native(copy=True)
+
+            if isinstance(linker, Compiler):
+                linkers = linker.get_linker_exelist()
+            else:
+                linkers = linker.get_exelist()
+
+            lnk_block = {
+                'linker': linkers,
+                'parameters': parameters,
+            }
+            tgt[lnk_hash] = lnk_block
 
     def generate_target(self, target):
         try:
@@ -985,7 +1010,7 @@ class NinjaBackend(backends.Backend):
         if is_unity:
             for src in self.generate_unity_files(target, unity_src):
                 o, s = self.generate_single_compile(target, src, True, unity_deps + header_deps + d_generated_deps,
-                                                    fortran_order_deps, fortran_inc_args)
+                                                    fortran_order_deps, fortran_inc_args, unity_src)
                 obj_list.append(o)
                 compiled_sources.append(s)
                 source2object[s] = o
@@ -2809,7 +2834,8 @@ https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47485'''))
     def generate_single_compile(self, target: build.BuildTarget, src,
                                 is_generated=False, header_deps=None,
                                 order_deps: T.Optional[T.List[str]] = None,
-                                extra_args: T.Optional[T.List[str]] = None) -> None:
+                                extra_args: T.Optional[T.List[str]] = None,
+                                unity_sources: T.Optional[T.List[mesonlib.FileOrString]] = None) -> None:
         """
         Compiles C/C++, ObjC/ObjC++, Fortran, and D sources
         """
@@ -2832,9 +2858,9 @@ https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47485'''))
 
         # Create introspection information
         if is_generated is False:
-            self.create_target_source_introspection(target, compiler, commands, [src], [])
+            self.create_target_source_introspection(target, compiler, commands, [src], [], unity_sources)
         else:
-            self.create_target_source_introspection(target, compiler, commands, [], [src])
+            self.create_target_source_introspection(target, compiler, commands, [], [src], unity_sources)
 
         build_dir = self.environment.get_build_dir()
         if isinstance(src, File):
@@ -3360,6 +3386,7 @@ https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47485'''))
         elem = NinjaBuildElement(self.all_outputs, outname, linker_rule, obj_list, implicit_outs=implicit_outs)
         elem.add_dep(dep_targets + custom_target_libraries)
         elem.add_item('LINK_ARGS', commands)
+        self.create_target_linker_introspection(target, linker, commands)
         return elem
 
     def get_dependency_filename(self, t):
@@ -3555,13 +3582,11 @@ https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47485'''))
         self.add_build(elem)
 
     def get_introspection_data(self, target_id: str, target: build.Target) -> T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[bool, str, T.List[T.Union[str, T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, T.List[str], bool]]]]]]]:
-        if target_id not in self.introspection_data or len(self.introspection_data[target_id]) == 0:
+        data = self.introspection_data.get(target_id)
+        if not data:
             return super().get_introspection_data(target_id, target)
 
-        result = []
-        for i in self.introspection_data[target_id].values():
-            result += [i]
-        return result
+        return list(data.values())
 
 
 def _scan_fortran_file_deps(src: Path, srcdir: Path, dirname: Path, tdeps, compiler) -> T.List[str]:
diff --git a/mesonbuild/compilers/compilers.py b/mesonbuild/compilers/compilers.py
index 5f7bfa44b..2f3086acc 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/compilers/compilers.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/compilers/compilers.py
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ class Compiler(HoldableObject, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         return self.exelist.copy() if ccache else self.exelist_no_ccache.copy()
 
     def get_linker_exelist(self) -> T.List[str]:
-        return self.linker.get_exelist()
+        return self.linker.get_exelist() if self.linker else self.get_exelist()
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def get_output_args(self, outputname: str) -> T.List[str]:
diff --git a/mesonbuild/dependencies/base.py b/mesonbuild/dependencies/base.py
index 2cae8c324..2f69b85ce 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/dependencies/base.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/dependencies/base.py
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class Dependency(HoldableObject):
         return kwargs['include_type']
 
     def __init__(self, type_name: DependencyTypeName, kwargs: T.Dict[str, T.Any]) -> None:
-        self.name = "null"
+        self.name = f'dep{id(self)}'
         self.version:  T.Optional[str] = None
         self.language: T.Optional[str] = None # None means C-like
         self.is_found = False
diff --git a/mesonbuild/mintro.py b/mesonbuild/mintro.py
index 184231317..dd1a00054 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/mintro.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/mintro.py
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ project files and don't need this info."""
 
 from contextlib import redirect_stdout
 import collections
+import dataclasses
 import json
 import os
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
@@ -31,6 +32,9 @@ import typing as T
 from . import build, mesonlib, coredata as cdata
 from .ast import IntrospectionInterpreter, BUILD_TARGET_FUNCTIONS, AstConditionLevel, AstIDGenerator, AstIndentationGenerator, AstJSONPrinter
 from .backend import backends
+from .dependencies import Dependency
+from . import environment
+from .interpreterbase import ObjectHolder
 from .mesonlib import OptionKey
 from .mparser import FunctionNode, ArrayNode, ArgumentNode, StringNode
 
@@ -76,10 +80,12 @@ def get_meson_introspection_types(coredata: T.Optional[cdata.CoreData] = None,
         ('benchmarks', IntroCommand('List all benchmarks', func=lambda: list_benchmarks(benchmarkdata))),
         ('buildoptions', IntroCommand('List all build options', func=lambda: list_buildoptions(coredata), no_bd=list_buildoptions_from_source)),
         ('buildsystem_files', IntroCommand('List files that make up the build system', func=lambda: list_buildsystem_files(builddata, interpreter))),
-        ('dependencies', IntroCommand('List external dependencies', func=lambda: list_deps(coredata), no_bd=list_deps_from_source)),
+        ('compilers', IntroCommand('List used compilers', func=lambda: list_compilers(coredata))),
+        ('dependencies', IntroCommand('List external dependencies', func=lambda: list_deps(coredata, backend), no_bd=list_deps_from_source)),
         ('scan_dependencies', IntroCommand('Scan for dependencies used in the meson.build file', no_bd=list_deps_from_source)),
         ('installed', IntroCommand('List all installed files and directories', func=lambda: list_installed(installdata))),
         ('install_plan', IntroCommand('List all installed files and directories with their details', func=lambda: list_install_plan(installdata))),
+        ('machines', IntroCommand('Information about host, build, and target machines', func=lambda: list_machines(builddata))),
         ('projectinfo', IntroCommand('Information about projects', func=lambda: list_projinfo(builddata), no_bd=list_projinfo_from_source)),
         ('targets', IntroCommand('List top level targets', func=lambda: list_targets(builddata, installdata, backend), no_bd=list_targets_from_source)),
         ('tests', IntroCommand('List all unit tests', func=lambda: list_tests(testdata))),
@@ -250,14 +256,22 @@ def list_targets(builddata: build.Build, installdata: backends.InstallData, back
             'name': target.get_basename(),
             'id': idname,
             'type': target.get_typename(),
-            'defined_in': os.path.normpath(os.path.join(src_dir, target.subdir, 'meson.build')),
+            'defined_in': os.path.normpath(os.path.join(src_dir, target.subdir, environment.build_filename)),
             'filename': [os.path.join(build_dir, outdir, x) for x in target.get_outputs()],
             'build_by_default': target.build_by_default,
             'target_sources': backend.get_introspection_data(idname, target),
             'extra_files': [os.path.normpath(os.path.join(src_dir, x.subdir, x.fname)) for x in target.extra_files],
-            'subproject': target.subproject or None
+            'subproject': target.subproject or None,
+            'dependencies': [d.name for d in getattr(target, 'external_deps', [])],
         }
 
+        vs_module_defs = getattr(target, 'vs_module_defs', None)
+        if vs_module_defs is not None:
+            t['vs_module_defs'] = vs_module_defs.relative_name()
+        win_subsystem = getattr(target, 'win_subsystem', None)
+        if win_subsystem is not None:
+            t['win_subsystem'] = win_subsystem
+
         if installdata and target.should_install():
             t['installed'] = True
             ifn = [install_lookuptable.get(x, [None]) for x in target.get_outputs()]
@@ -343,6 +357,23 @@ def list_buildsystem_files(builddata: build.Build, interpreter: Interpreter) ->
     filelist = [PurePath(src_dir, x).as_posix() for x in filelist]
     return filelist
 
+def list_compilers(coredata: cdata.CoreData) -> T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, str]]]:
+    compilers: T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, str]]] = {}
+    for machine in ('host', 'build'):
+        compilers[machine] = {}
+        for language, compiler in getattr(coredata.compilers, machine).items():
+            compilers[machine][language] = {
+                'id': compiler.get_id(),
+                'exelist': compiler.get_exelist(),
+                'linker_exelist': compiler.get_linker_exelist(),
+                'file_suffixes': compiler.file_suffixes,
+                'default_suffix': compiler.get_default_suffix(),
+                'version': compiler.version,
+                'full_version': compiler.full_version,
+                'linker_id': compiler.get_linker_id(),
+            }
+    return compilers
+
 def list_deps_from_source(intr: IntrospectionInterpreter) -> T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, bool]]]:
     result = []  # type: T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, bool]]]
     for i in intr.dependencies:
@@ -356,15 +387,48 @@ def list_deps_from_source(intr: IntrospectionInterpreter) -> T.List[T.Dict[str,
         result += [{k: v for k, v in i.items() if k in keys}]
     return result
 
-def list_deps(coredata: cdata.CoreData) -> T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, T.List[str]]]]:
-    result = []  # type: T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, T.List[str]]]]
+def list_deps(coredata: cdata.CoreData, backend: backends.Backend) -> T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, T.List[str]]]]:
+    result: T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, T.List[str]]]] = {}
+
+    def _src_to_str(src_file: T.Union[mesonlib.FileOrString, build.CustomTarget, build.StructuredSources, build.CustomTargetIndex, build.GeneratedList]) -> T.List[str]:
+        if isinstance(src_file, str):
+            return [src_file]
+        if isinstance(src_file, mesonlib.File):
+            return [src_file.absolute_path(backend.source_dir, backend.build_dir)]
+        if isinstance(src_file, (build.CustomTarget, build.CustomTargetIndex, build.GeneratedList)):
+            return src_file.get_outputs()
+        if isinstance(src_file, build.StructuredSources):
+            return [f for s in src_file.as_list() for f in _src_to_str(s)]
+        raise mesonlib.MesonBugException(f'Invalid file type {type(src_file)}.')
+
+    def _create_result(d: Dependency, varname: T.Optional[str] = None) -> T.Dict[str, T.Any]:
+        return {
+            'name': d.name,
+            'type': d.type_name,
+            'version': d.get_version(),
+            'compile_args': d.get_compile_args(),
+            'link_args': d.get_link_args(),
+            'include_directories': [i for idirs in d.get_include_dirs() for i in idirs.to_string_list(backend.source_dir)],
+            'sources': [f for s in d.get_sources() for f in _src_to_str(s)],
+            'extra_files': [f for s in d.get_extra_files() for f in _src_to_str(s)],
+            'deps': [e.name for e in d.ext_deps],
+            'meson_variables': [varname] if varname else [],
+        }
+
     for d in coredata.deps.host.values():
         if d.found():
-            result += [{'name': d.name,
-                        'version': d.get_version(),
-                        'compile_args': d.get_compile_args(),
-                        'link_args': d.get_link_args()}]
-    return result
+            result[d.name] = _create_result(d)
+
+    for varname, holder in backend.interpreter.variables.items():
+        if isinstance(holder, ObjectHolder):
+            d = holder.held_object
+            if isinstance(d, Dependency) and d.found():
+                if d.name in result:
+                    T.cast(T.List[str], result[d.name]['meson_variables']).append(varname)
+                else:
+                    result[d.name] = _create_result(d, varname)
+
+    return list(result.values())
 
 def get_test_list(testdata: T.List[backends.TestSerialisation]) -> T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, int, T.List[str], T.Dict[str, str]]]]:
     result = []  # type: T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, int, T.List[str], T.Dict[str, str]]]]
@@ -396,6 +460,16 @@ def list_tests(testdata: T.List[backends.TestSerialisation]) -> T.List[T.Dict[st
 def list_benchmarks(benchdata: T.List[backends.TestSerialisation]) -> T.List[T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, int, T.List[str], T.Dict[str, str]]]]:
     return get_test_list(benchdata)
 
+def list_machines(builddata: build.Build) -> T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, bool]]]:
+    machines: T.Dict[str, T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, bool]]] = {}
+    for m in ('host', 'build', 'target'):
+        machine = getattr(builddata.environment.machines, m)
+        machines[m] = dataclasses.asdict(machine)
+        machines[m]['is_64_bit'] = machine.is_64_bit
+        machines[m]['exe_suffix'] = machine.get_exe_suffix()
+        machines[m]['object_suffix'] = machine.get_object_suffix()
+    return machines
+
 def list_projinfo(builddata: build.Build) -> T.Dict[str, T.Union[str, T.List[T.Dict[str, str]]]]:
     result = {'version': builddata.project_version,
               'descriptive_name': builddata.project_name,
diff --git a/unittests/allplatformstests.py b/unittests/allplatformstests.py
index 493cb9c03..d6ff3b0ad 100644
--- a/unittests/allplatformstests.py
+++ b/unittests/allplatformstests.py
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
         name = None
         for target in targets:
             for target_sources in target["target_sources"]:
-                for generated_source in target_sources["generated_sources"]:
+                for generated_source in target_sources.get("generated_sources", []):
                     if "includestuff.pyx.c" in generated_source:
                         name = generated_source
                         break
@@ -1266,6 +1266,8 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
         # This assumes all of the targets support lto
         for t in targets:
             for s in t['target_sources']:
+                if 'linker' in s:
+                    continue
                 for e in expected:
                     self.assertIn(e, s['parameters'])
 
@@ -2984,8 +2986,11 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
             ('benchmarks', list),
             ('buildoptions', list),
             ('buildsystem_files', list),
+            ('compilers', dict),
             ('dependencies', list),
+            ('install_plan', dict),
             ('installed', dict),
+            ('machines', dict),
             ('projectinfo', dict),
             ('targets', list),
             ('tests', list),
@@ -3027,9 +3032,15 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
 
         dependencies_typelist = [
             ('name', str),
+            ('type', str),
             ('version', str),
             ('compile_args', list),
             ('link_args', list),
+            ('include_directories', list),
+            ('sources', list),
+            ('extra_files', list),
+            ('deps', list),
+            ('meson_variables', list),
         ]
 
         targets_typelist = [
@@ -3042,8 +3053,11 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
             ('target_sources', list),
             ('extra_files', list),
             ('subproject', (str, None)),
+            ('dependencies', list),
             ('install_filename', (list, None)),
             ('installed', bool),
+            ('vs_module_defs', (str, None)),
+            ('win_subsystem', (str, None)),
         ]
 
         targets_sources_typelist = [
@@ -3052,6 +3066,12 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
             ('parameters', list),
             ('sources', list),
             ('generated_sources', list),
+            ('unity_sources', (list, None)),
+        ]
+
+        target_sources_linker_typelist = [
+            ('linker', list),
+            ('parameters', list),
         ]
 
         # First load all files
@@ -3075,7 +3095,7 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
             name_to_out.update({i['name']: i['filename']})
             for group in i['target_sources']:
                 src_to_id.update({os.path.relpath(src, testdir): i['id']
-                                  for src in group['sources']})
+                                  for src in group.get('sources', [])})
 
         # Check Tests and benchmarks
         tests_to_find = ['test case 1', 'test case 2', 'benchmark 1']
@@ -3155,8 +3175,11 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
                 self.assertPathEqual(i['defined_in'], os.path.join(testdir, tgt[3]))
                 targets_to_find.pop(i['name'], None)
             for j in i['target_sources']:
-                assertKeyTypes(targets_sources_typelist, j)
-                self.assertEqual(j['sources'], [os.path.normpath(f) for f in tgt[4]])
+                if 'compiler' in j:
+                    assertKeyTypes(targets_sources_typelist, j)
+                    self.assertEqual(j['sources'], [os.path.normpath(f) for f in tgt[4]])
+                else:
+                    assertKeyTypes(target_sources_linker_typelist, j)
         self.assertDictEqual(targets_to_find, {})
 
     def test_introspect_file_dump_equals_all(self):
@@ -3169,9 +3192,11 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
             'benchmarks',
             'buildoptions',
             'buildsystem_files',
+            'compilers',
             'dependencies',
             'installed',
             'install_plan',
+            'machines',
             'projectinfo',
             'targets',
             'tests',
@@ -3244,12 +3269,13 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
         res_wb = [i for i in res_wb if i['type'] != 'custom']
         for i in res_wb:
             i['filename'] = [os.path.relpath(x, self.builddir) for x in i['filename']]
-            if 'install_filename' in i:
-                del i['install_filename']
-
+            for k in ('install_filename', 'dependencies', 'win_subsystem'):
+                if k in i:
+                    del i[k]
+                    
             sources = []
             for j in i['target_sources']:
-                sources += j['sources']
+                sources += j.get('sources', [])
             i['target_sources'] = [{
                 'language': 'unknown',
                 'compiler': [],