SERVER-46249 Check individual txn statements for readConcern support

15 files changed, 264 insertions, 98 deletions

diff --git a/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_collections_causally_consistent_jscore_txns_passthrough.yml b/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_collections_causally_consistent_jscore_txns_passthrough.yml
index 3549bc5f8bc..b0ca2824900 100644
--- a/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_collections_causally_consistent_jscore_txns_passthrough.yml
+++ b/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_collections_causally_consistent_jscore_txns_passthrough.yml
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ selector:
   - jstests/core/txns/create_collection_parallel.js
   - jstests/core/txns/create_indexes.js
   - jstests/core/txns/create_indexes_parallel.js
+  - jstests/core/txns/commands_in_txns_read_concern.js
 
     # TODO SERVER-46187: maxTimeMS doesn't work correctly for insert on mongos.
   - jstests/core/txns/write_conflicts_with_non_txns.js
diff --git a/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_jscore_txns_sharded_collections.yml b/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_jscore_txns_sharded_collections.yml
index 2510ccda8b8..b0cba47e0d8 100644
--- a/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_jscore_txns_sharded_collections.yml
+++ b/buildscripts/resmokeconfig/suites/sharded_jscore_txns_sharded_collections.yml
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ selector:
   - jstests/core/txns/create_collection_parallel.js
   - jstests/core/txns/create_indexes.js
   - jstests/core/txns/create_indexes_parallel.js
+  - jstests/core/txns/commands_in_txns_read_concern.js
 
     # TODO SERVER-46187: maxTimeMS doesn't work correctly for insert on mongos.
   - jstests/core/txns/write_conflicts_with_non_txns.js
diff --git a/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands.js b/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands.js
index 5e7b24c9c0a..e014ae4990a 100644
--- a/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands.js
+++ b/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands.js
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 'use strict';
 
 /**
- * Perform CRUD operations, some of which may implicitly create collections. Also perform index
- * creations which may implicitly create collections. Performs these in parallel with collection-
- * dropping operations.
+ * Perform CRUD operations, some of which may implicitly create collections, in parallel with
+ * collection-dropping operations.
  */
-
 var $config = (function() {
     const data = {numIds: 10};
 
@@ -124,28 +122,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             }
         },
 
-        createIndex: function createIndex(db, collName) {
-            db[collName].createIndex({value: 1});
-        },
-
-        createIdIndex: function createIdIndex(db, collName) {
-            try {
-                assertWhenOwnColl.commandWorked(db[collName].createIndex({_id: 1}));
-            } catch (e) {
-                if (e.code == ErrorCodes.ConflictingOperationInProgress) {
-                    // createIndex concurrently with dropCollection can throw.
-                    if (TestData.runInsideTransaction) {
-                        e["errorLabels"] = ["TransientTransactionError"];
-                        throw e;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        },
-
-        dropIndex: function dropIndex(db, collName) {
-            db[collName].dropIndex({value: 1});
-        },
-
         dropCollection: function dropCollection(db, collName) {
             db[collName].drop();
         }
@@ -157,9 +133,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             updateDocs: 0.10,
             readDocs: 0.10,
             deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
             dropCollection: 0.10,
         },
         insertDocs: {
@@ -167,9 +140,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             updateDocs: 0.10,
             readDocs: 0.10,
             deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
             dropCollection: 0.30,
         },
         updateDocs: {
@@ -177,9 +147,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             updateDocs: 0.10,
             readDocs: 0.10,
             deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
             dropCollection: 0.30,
         },
         readDocs: {
@@ -187,9 +154,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             updateDocs: 0.10,
             readDocs: 0.10,
             deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
             dropCollection: 0.30,
         },
         deleteDocs: {
@@ -197,39 +161,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             updateDocs: 0.10,
             readDocs: 0.10,
             deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
-            dropCollection: 0.30,
-        },
-        createIndex: {
-            insertDocs: 0.10,
-            updateDocs: 0.10,
-            readDocs: 0.10,
-            deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
-            dropCollection: 0.30,
-        },
-        createIdIndex: {
-            insertDocs: 0.10,
-            updateDocs: 0.10,
-            readDocs: 0.10,
-            deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
-            dropCollection: 0.30,
-        },
-        dropIndex: {
-            insertDocs: 0.10,
-            updateDocs: 0.10,
-            readDocs: 0.10,
-            deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
             dropCollection: 0.30,
         },
         dropCollection: {
@@ -237,9 +168,6 @@ var $config = (function() {
             updateDocs: 0.10,
             readDocs: 0.10,
             deleteDocs: 0.10,
-            createIndex: 0.10,
-            createIdIndex: 0.10,
-            dropIndex: 0.10,
             dropCollection: 0.10,
         }
     };
diff --git a/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands_with_createindexes.js b/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands_with_createindexes.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dc885e0b575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands_with_createindexes.js
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Perform CRUD operations, some of which may implicitly create collections. Also perform index
+ * creations which may implicitly create collections. Performs these in parallel with collection-
+ * dropping operations.
+ */
+load('jstests/concurrency/fsm_libs/extend_workload.js');         // for extendWorkload
+load('jstests/concurrency/fsm_workloads/CRUD_and_commands.js');  // for $config
+
+// TODO(SERVER-46971) combine with CRUD_and_commands.js and remove `local` readConcern.
+TestData.defaultTransactionReadConcernLevel = "local";
+
+var $config = extendWorkload($config, function($config, $super) {
+    const origStates = Object.keys($config.states);
+    $config.states = Object.extend({
+        createIndex: function createIndex(db, collName) {
+            db[collName].createIndex({value: 1});
+        },
+        createIdIndex: function createIdIndex(db, collName) {
+            try {
+                assertWhenOwnColl.commandWorked(db[collName].createIndex({_id: 1}));
+            } catch (e) {
+                if (e.code == ErrorCodes.ConflictingOperationInProgress) {
+                    // createIndex concurrently with dropCollection can throw.
+                    if (TestData.runInsideTransaction) {
+                        e["errorLabels"] = ["TransientTransactionError"];
+                        throw e;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        },
+
+        dropIndex: function dropIndex(db, collName) {
+            db[collName].dropIndex({value: 1});
+        }
+    },
+                                   $super.states);
+
+    let newTransitions = Object.extend({}, $super.transitions);
+    let exampleState = {};
+    origStates.forEach(function(state) {
+        newTransitions[state]["createIndex"] = 0.10;
+        newTransitions[state]["createIdIndex"] = 0.10;
+        newTransitions[state]["dropIndex"] = 0.10;
+        if (state !== "init" && state !== "dropCollection") {
+            exampleState = $config.transitions[state];
+        }
+    });
+
+    newTransitions["createIndex"] = exampleState;
+    newTransitions["createIdIndex"] = exampleState;
+    newTransitions["dropIndex"] = exampleState;
+
+    $config.transitions = newTransitions;
+    return $config;
+});
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/commands_in_txns_read_concern.js b/jstests/core/txns/commands_in_txns_read_concern.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6eae3de2e9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/commands_in_txns_read_concern.js
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/* Ensures createCollection and createIndexes are not permitted to run with a readConcern other than
+ * `local` inside transactions.
+ *
+ * @tags: [uses_transactions,
+ *         # Creating collections inside multi-document transactions is supported only in v4.4
+ *         # onwards.
+ *         requires_fcv_44,
+ *         uses_snapshot_read_concern]
+ */
+(function() {
+"use strict";
+
+load("jstests/libs/create_collection_txn_helpers.js");
+load("jstests/libs/create_index_txn_helpers.js");
+
+const session = db.getMongo().startSession();
+const collName = jsTestName();
+
+let sessionDB = session.getDatabase("test");
+let sessionColl = sessionDB[collName];
+let otherCollName = jsTestName() + "_other";
+let otherColl = sessionDB[otherCollName];
+sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+otherColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createCollection in a transaction with local readConcern");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "local"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+createCollAndCRUDInTxn(sessionDB, collName, true /*explicitCreate*/, false /*upsert*/);
+assert.commandWorked(session.commitTransaction_forTesting());
+assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createIndexes in a transaction with local readConcern");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "local"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+createIndexAndCRUDInTxn(sessionDB, collName, false /*explicitCollCreate*/, false /*multikeyIndex*/);
+assert.commandWorked(session.commitTransaction_forTesting());
+assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+assert.eq(sessionColl.getIndexes().length, 2);
+
+sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+otherColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.commandWorked(otherColl.insert({a: 1}, {writeConcern: {w: "majority"}}));
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createCollection in a transaction with local readConcern, with other " +
+           "operations preceeding it");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "local"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({a: 1}).itcount(), 1);
+createCollAndCRUDInTxn(sessionDB, collName, true /*explicitCreate*/, false /*upsert*/);
+assert.commandWorked(session.commitTransaction_forTesting());
+assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+otherColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.commandWorked(otherColl.insert({a: 1}, {writeConcern: {w: "majority"}}));
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createIndexes in a transaction with local readConcern, with other " +
+           "operations preceeding it");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "local"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({a: 1}).itcount(), 1);
+createIndexAndCRUDInTxn(sessionDB, collName, false /*explicitCollCreate*/, false /*multikeyIndex*/);
+assert.commandWorked(session.commitTransaction_forTesting());
+assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+assert.eq(sessionColl.getIndexes().length, 2);
+
+sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+otherColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.commandWorked(otherColl.insert({a: 1}, {writeConcern: {w: "majority"}}));
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createCollection in a transaction with non-local readConcern (SHOULD FAIL)");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "snapshot"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+let res = sessionDB.createCollection(collName);
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(res, ErrorCodes.InvalidOptions);
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(session.abortTransaction_forTesting(), ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createIndexes in a transaction with non-local readConcern (SHOULD FAIL)");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "snapshot"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+res = sessionColl.runCommand({createIndexes: collName, indexes: [indexSpecs]});
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(res, ErrorCodes.InvalidOptions);
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(session.abortTransaction_forTesting(), ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
+
+otherColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.commandWorked(otherColl.insert({a: 1}, {writeConcern: {w: "majority"}}));
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createCollection in a transaction with non-local readConcern, with other " +
+           "operations preceeding it (SHOULD FAIL)");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "snapshot"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({a: 1}).itcount(), 1);
+res = sessionDB.createCollection(collName);
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(res, ErrorCodes.InvalidOptions);
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(session.abortTransaction_forTesting(), ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
+
+otherColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.commandWorked(otherColl.insert({a: 1}, {writeConcern: {w: "majority"}}));
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+jsTest.log("Testing createIndexes in a transaction with non-local readConcern, with other " +
+           "operations preceeding it (SHOULD FAIL)");
+session.startTransaction({readConcern: {level: "snapshot"}, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+assert.eq(otherColl.find({a: 1}).itcount(), 1);
+res = sessionColl.runCommand({createIndexes: collName, indexes: [indexSpecs]});
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(res, ErrorCodes.InvalidOptions);
+assert.commandFailedWithCode(session.abortTransaction_forTesting(), ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
+
+session.endSession();
+}());
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/create_collection.js b/jstests/core/txns/create_collection.js
index be96ebdb740..b2a1f99df2e 100644
--- a/jstests/core/txns/create_collection.js
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/create_collection.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 load("jstests/libs/create_collection_txn_helpers.js");
 
 function runCollectionCreateTest(explicitCreate, upsert) {
-    const session = db.getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
+    const session = db.getMongo().startSession();
     const collName = "create_new_collection";
     const secondCollName = collName + "_second";
 
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/create_collection_parallel.js b/jstests/core/txns/create_collection_parallel.js
index 5ff28a06001..fb5fea5668b 100644
--- a/jstests/core/txns/create_collection_parallel.js
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/create_collection_parallel.js
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@ function runParallelCollectionCreateTest(explicitCreate, upsert) {
     const dbName = "test";
     const collName = "create_new_collection";
     const distinctCollName = collName + "_second";
-    const session = db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
-    const secondSession =
-        db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
+    const session = db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession();
+    const secondSession = db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession();
 
     let sessionDB = session.getDatabase("test");
     let secondSessionDB = secondSession.getDatabase("test");
@@ -42,6 +41,29 @@ function runParallelCollectionCreateTest(explicitCreate, upsert) {
                                  ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
 
     sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+    distinctSessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+
+    jsTest.log("Testing duplicate createCollections, where failing createCollection performs a " +
+               "successful operation earlier in the transaction.");
+
+    session.startTransaction({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});        // txn 1
+    secondSession.startTransaction({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});  // txn 2
+
+    createCollAndCRUDInTxn(secondSessionDB, distinctCollName, explicitCreate, upsert);
+    createCollAndCRUDInTxn(sessionDB, collName, explicitCreate, upsert);
+    jsTest.log("Committing transaction 1");
+    session.commitTransaction();
+    assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+
+    assert.commandFailedWithCode(secondSessionDB.runCommand({create: collName}),
+                                 ErrorCodes.NamespaceExists);
+
+    assert.commandFailedWithCode(secondSession.abortTransaction_forTesting(),
+                                 ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
+
+    assert.eq(distinctSessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 0);
+    sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+    distinctSessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
 
     jsTest.log("Testing duplicate createCollections, one inside and one outside a txn");
     session.startTransaction({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/create_existing_indexes.js b/jstests/core/txns/create_existing_indexes.js
index 5ec5dad43fe..9cda50a6164 100644
--- a/jstests/core/txns/create_existing_indexes.js
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/create_existing_indexes.js
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 (function() {
 "use strict";
 
-const session = db.getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
+const session = db.getMongo().startSession();
 const collName = "create_existing_indexes";
 
 let sessionDB = session.getDatabase("test");
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes.js b/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes.js
index 5d75ddae85f..e160a51b650 100644
--- a/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes.js
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 load("jstests/libs/create_index_txn_helpers.js");
 
 let doCreateIndexesTest = function(explicitCollectionCreate, multikeyIndex) {
-    const session = db.getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
+    const session = db.getMongo().startSession();
     const collName = "create_new_indexes";
     const secondCollName = collName + "_second";
 
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes_parallel.js b/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes_parallel.js
index 6741fd80632..f2e93bad3d3 100644
--- a/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes_parallel.js
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/create_indexes_parallel.js
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@ let doParallelCreateIndexesTest = function(explicitCollectionCreate, multikeyInd
     const dbName = "test";
     const collName = "create_new_collection";
     const distinctCollName = collName + "_second";
-    const session = db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
-    const secondSession =
-        db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
+    const session = db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession();
+    const secondSession = db.getMongo().getDB(dbName).getMongo().startSession();
 
     let sessionDB = session.getDatabase("test");
     let secondSessionDB = secondSession.getDatabase("test");
@@ -66,6 +65,35 @@ let doParallelCreateIndexesTest = function(explicitCollectionCreate, multikeyInd
     assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
     assert.eq(sessionColl.getIndexes().length, 2);
 
+    distinctSessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+    sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
+
+    jsTest.log("Testing conflicting sequential createIndexes, where failing createIndexes " +
+               "performs a successful index creation earlier in the transaction.");
+    session.startTransaction({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});        // txn 1
+    secondSession.startTransaction({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});  // txn 2
+
+    createIndexAndCRUDInTxn(sessionDB, distinctCollName, explicitCollectionCreate, multikeyIndex);
+    createIndexAndCRUDInTxn(secondSessionDB, collName, explicitCollectionCreate, multikeyIndex);
+    jsTest.log("Committing transaction 2");
+    secondSession.commitTransaction();
+    assert.eq(secondSessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+    assert.eq(secondSessionColl.getIndexes().length, 2);
+
+    // createIndexes takes minimum visible snapshots of new collections into consideration when
+    // checking for existing indexes.
+    assert.commandFailedWithCode(
+        sessionColl.runCommand({createIndexes: collName, indexes: [conflictingIndexSpecs]}),
+        ErrorCodes.SnapshotUnavailable);
+    assert.commandFailedWithCode(session.abortTransaction_forTesting(),
+                                 ErrorCodes.NoSuchTransaction);
+
+    assert.eq(sessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 1);
+    assert.eq(sessionColl.getIndexes().length, 2);
+    assert.eq(distinctSessionColl.find({}).itcount(), 0);
+    assert.eq(distinctSessionColl.getIndexes().length, 0);
+
+    distinctSessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
     sessionColl.drop({writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
 
     jsTest.log(
diff --git a/jstests/core/txns/implicit_collection_creation_in_txn.js b/jstests/core/txns/implicit_collection_creation_in_txn.js
index ccd59b9e198..491f1b0ec37 100644
--- a/jstests/core/txns/implicit_collection_creation_in_txn.js
+++ b/jstests/core/txns/implicit_collection_creation_in_txn.js
@@ -11,10 +11,7 @@ const testColl = testDB[collName];
 
 testDB.runCommand({drop: collName, writeConcern: {w: "majority"}});
 
-const sessionOptions = {
-    causalConsistency: false
-};
-const session = db.getMongo().startSession(sessionOptions);
+const session = db.getMongo().startSession();
 const sessionDb = session.getDatabase(dbName);
 const sessionColl = sessionDb[collName];
 
diff --git a/jstests/noPassthrough/create_indexes_in_txn_errors_if_already_in_progress.js b/jstests/noPassthrough/create_indexes_in_txn_errors_if_already_in_progress.js
index 4bd74fb2af5..3f61700bdd8 100644
--- a/jstests/noPassthrough/create_indexes_in_txn_errors_if_already_in_progress.js
+++ b/jstests/noPassthrough/create_indexes_in_txn_errors_if_already_in_progress.js
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const runSuccessfulIndexBuild = function(dbName, collName, indexSpec, requestNum
 };
 
 const runFailedIndexBuildInTxn = function(dbName, collName, indexSpec, requestNumber) {
-    const session = db.getMongo().startSession({causalConsistency: false});
+    const session = db.getMongo().startSession();
 
     const sessionDB = session.getDatabase(dbName);
     const sessionColl = sessionDB[collName];
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands.h b/src/mongo/db/commands.h
index a2ea871d67b..37f85f0bd05 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands.h
@@ -705,10 +705,6 @@ public:
      * If a readConcern level argument is sent to a command that returns false the command processor
      * will reject the command, returning an appropriate error message.
      *
-     * This only applies when running outside transactions because all commands that are allowed to
-     * run in a transaction must support all the read concerns that can be used in a
-     * transaction.
-     *
      * Note that this is never called on mongos. Sharded commands are responsible for forwarding
      * the option to the shards as needed. We rely on the shards to fail the commands in the
      * cases where it isn't supported.
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/service_entry_point_common.cpp b/src/mongo/db/service_entry_point_common.cpp
index 7681eedaf6e..f4497a8ccdf 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/service_entry_point_common.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/service_entry_point_common.cpp
@@ -332,10 +332,8 @@ StatusWith<repl::ReadConcernArgs> _extractReadConcern(OperationContext* opCtx,
         }
     }
 
-    // If we are starting a transaction, we only need to check whether the read concern is
-    // appropriate for running a transaction. There is no need to check whether the specific
-    // command supports the read concern, because all commands that are allowed to run in a
-    // transaction must support all applicable read concerns.
+    // If we are starting a transaction, we need to check whether the read concern is
+    // appropriate for running a transaction.
     if (startTransaction) {
         if (!isReadConcernLevelAllowedInTransaction(readConcernArgs.getLevel())) {
             return {ErrorCodes::InvalidOptions,
@@ -356,7 +354,10 @@ StatusWith<repl::ReadConcernArgs> _extractReadConcern(OperationContext* opCtx,
     // it is implicitly "local". There is no need to check whether this is supported, because all
     // commands either support "local" or upconvert the absent readConcern to a stronger level that
     // they do support; for instance, $changeStream upconverts to RC level "majority".
-    if (!startTransaction && readConcernArgs.hasLevel()) {
+    //
+    // Individual transaction statements are checked later on, after we've unstashed the
+    // transaction resources.
+    if (!opCtx->inMultiDocumentTransaction() && readConcernArgs.hasLevel()) {
         if (!readConcernSupport.readConcernSupport.isOK()) {
             return readConcernSupport.readConcernSupport.withContext(
                 str::stream() << "Command " << invocation->definition()->getName()
@@ -619,6 +620,28 @@ void invokeWithSessionCheckedOut(OperationContext* opCtx,
         _abortUnpreparedOrStashPreparedTransaction(opCtx, &txnParticipant);
     });
 
+    if (!opCtx->getClient()->isInDirectClient()) {
+        const auto& readConcernArgs = repl::ReadConcernArgs::get(opCtx);
+
+        // For replica sets, we do not receive the readConcernArgs of our parent transaction
+        // statements until we unstash the transaction resources. The below check is necessary to
+        // ensure commands, including those occurring after the first statement in their respective
+        // transactions, are checked for readConcern support. Presently, only `create` and
+        // `createIndexes` do not support readConcern inside transactions.
+        // TODO(SERVER-46971): Consider how to extend this check to other commands.
+        auto cmdName = invocation->definition()->getName();
+        auto readConcernSupport = invocation->supportsReadConcern(readConcernArgs.getLevel());
+        if (readConcernArgs.hasLevel() &&
+            (cmdName == "create"_sd || cmdName == "createIndexes"_sd)) {
+            if (!readConcernSupport.readConcernSupport.isOK()) {
+                uassertStatusOK(readConcernSupport.readConcernSupport.withContext(
+                    str::stream() << "Command " << cmdName
+                                  << " does not support this transaction's "
+                                  << readConcernArgs.toString()));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     try {
         CommandHelpers::runCommandInvocation(opCtx, request, invocation, replyBuilder);
     } catch (const ExceptionFor<ErrorCodes::CommandOnShardedViewNotSupportedOnMongod>&) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp
index 0b8d596ab10..fd795080573 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp
@@ -602,7 +602,10 @@ void runCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
         // then it is implicitly "local". There is no need to check whether this is supported,
         // because all commands either support "local" or upconvert the absent readConcern to a
         // stronger level that they do support; e.g. $changeStream upconverts to RC "majority".
-        if (!startTransaction && readConcernArgs.hasLevel()) {
+        //
+        // Individual transaction statements are checked later on, after we've unstashed the
+        // transaction resources.
+        if (!TransactionRouter::get(opCtx) && readConcernArgs.hasLevel()) {
             if (!readConcernSupport.readConcernSupport.isOK()) {
                 auto responseBuilder = replyBuilder->getBodyBuilder();
                 CommandHelpers::appendCommandStatusNoThrow(