SERVER-19758 add support for "executionStats" and "allPlansExecution" to agg explain

Like other explainable commands, aggregate can now be
explained using the explain command, e.g.
db.runCommand({explain: {aggregate: ...}, verbosity:
"executionStats"}). The existing explain:true flag
corresponds to "queryPlanner" mode and is still supported.
However, explain:true cannot be specified when explaining
aggregate via the explain command.

Additional execution information is provided only in the
$cursor section of the aggregation explain output. Having
aggregation stages themselves track and report execution
info is further work.

119 files changed, 1735 insertions, 1145 deletions

diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands.cpp
index e726bb3918a..12e60527080 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands.cpp
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void Command::help(stringstream& help) const {
 Status Command::explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                         const string& dbname,
                         const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                        ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                        ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                         const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                         BSONObjBuilder* out) const {
     return {ErrorCodes::IllegalOperation, str::stream() << "Cannot explain cmd: " << getName()};
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands.h b/src/mongo/db/commands.h
index 832a8e7c4b8..d185c0cf6d6 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands.h
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ public:
     virtual Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                            const std::string& dbname,
                            const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                           ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                           ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                            const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                            BSONObjBuilder* out) const;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/SConscript b/src/mongo/db/commands/SConscript
index 48638bcd726..0a3b1442caf 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/SConscript
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/SConscript
@@ -35,15 +35,15 @@ env.Library(
         "fail_point_cmd.cpp",
         "feature_compatibility_version_command_parser.cpp",
         "find_and_modify_common.cpp",
+        "generic.cpp",
         "hashcmd.cpp",
         "isself.cpp",
         "mr_common.cpp",
+        "parameters.cpp",
         "rename_collection_common.cpp",
         "server_status.cpp",
-        "parameters.cpp",
         "user_management_commands_common.cpp",
         "write_commands/write_commands_common.cpp",
-        "generic.cpp",
     ],
     LIBDEPS=[
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/client/clientdriver',
@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ env.Library(
         "clone.cpp",
         "clone_collection.cpp",
         "collection_to_capped.cpp",
-        "dbcommands.cpp",
         "compact.cpp",
         "copydb.cpp",
         "copydb_start_commands.cpp",
         "count_cmd.cpp",
         "create_indexes.cpp",
         "current_op.cpp",
+        "dbcommands.cpp",
         "dbhash.cpp",
         "distinct.cpp",
         "driverHelpers.cpp",
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ env.Library(
         "plan_cache_commands.cpp",
         "rename_collection_cmd.cpp",
         "repair_cursor.cpp",
+        "run_aggregate.cpp",
         "set_feature_compatibility_version_command.cpp",
         "snapshot_management.cpp",
         "test_commands.cpp",
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/count_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/count_cmd.cpp
index 7ecbe2f08ea..b8418b0bff3 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/count_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/count_cmd.cpp
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@
 
 #include "mongo/platform/basic.h"
 
-
 #include "mongo/db/client.h"
 #include "mongo/db/commands.h"
+#include "mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h"
 #include "mongo/db/curop.h"
 #include "mongo/db/db_raii.h"
 #include "mongo/db/exec/count.h"
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public:
     virtual Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                            const std::string& dbname,
                            const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                           ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                           ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                            const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                            BSONObjBuilder* out) const {
         const bool isExplain = true;
@@ -133,10 +133,17 @@ public:
                 return viewAggregation.getStatus();
             }
 
-            std::string errmsg;
-            (void)Command::findCommand("aggregate")
-                ->run(opCtx, dbname, viewAggregation.getValue(), 0, errmsg, *out);
-            return Status::OK();
+            auto viewAggRequest = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(
+                request.getValue().getNs(), viewAggregation.getValue(), verbosity);
+            if (!viewAggRequest.isOK()) {
+                return viewAggRequest.getStatus();
+            }
+
+            return runAggregate(opCtx,
+                                viewAggRequest.getValue().getNamespaceString(),
+                                viewAggRequest.getValue(),
+                                viewAggregation.getValue(),
+                                *out);
         }
 
         // Prevent chunks from being cleaned up during yields - this allows us to only check the
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/distinct.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/distinct.cpp
index febed50512f..cec31d5f9a5 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/distinct.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/distinct.cpp
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/client.h"
 #include "mongo/db/clientcursor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/commands.h"
+#include "mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h"
 #include "mongo/db/db_raii.h"
 #include "mongo/db/exec/working_set_common.h"
 #include "mongo/db/jsobj.h"
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ public:
     virtual Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                            const std::string& dbname,
                            const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                           ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                           ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                            const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                            BSONObjBuilder* out) const {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbname, cmdObj));
@@ -143,10 +144,15 @@ public:
             if (!viewAggregation.isOK()) {
                 return viewAggregation.getStatus();
             }
-            std::string errmsg;
-            (void)Command::findCommand("aggregate")
-                ->run(opCtx, dbname, viewAggregation.getValue(), 0, errmsg, *out);
-            return Status::OK();
+
+            auto viewAggRequest =
+                AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, viewAggregation.getValue(), verbosity);
+            if (!viewAggRequest.isOK()) {
+                return viewAggRequest.getStatus();
+            }
+
+            return runAggregate(
+                opCtx, nss, viewAggRequest.getValue(), viewAggregation.getValue(), *out);
         }
 
         auto executor = getExecutorDistinct(
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/explain_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/explain_cmd.cpp
index 7c72c26977f..1f431ec6f6e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/explain_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/explain_cmd.cpp
@@ -114,10 +114,9 @@ public:
                      int options,
                      std::string& errmsg,
                      BSONObjBuilder& result) {
-        ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity;
-        Status parseStatus = ExplainCommon::parseCmdBSON(cmdObj, &verbosity);
-        if (!parseStatus.isOK()) {
-            return appendCommandStatus(result, parseStatus);
+        auto verbosity = ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(cmdObj);
+        if (!verbosity.isOK()) {
+            return appendCommandStatus(result, verbosity.getStatus());
         }
 
         // This is the nested command which we are explaining.
@@ -157,7 +156,7 @@ public:
         Status explainStatus = commToExplain->explain(opCtx,
                                                       dbname,
                                                       explainObj,
-                                                      verbosity,
+                                                      verbosity.getValue(),
                                                       rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata::get(opCtx),
                                                       &result);
         if (!explainStatus.isOK()) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/find_and_modify.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/find_and_modify.cpp
index 3aa7eb2018c..a2deb9db62a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/find_and_modify.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/find_and_modify.cpp
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbName,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
         const NamespaceString fullNs = parseNsCollectionRequired(dbName, cmdObj);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/find_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/find_cmd.cpp
index c3d8e88b227..5bb043d438a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/find_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/find_cmd.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/client.h"
 #include "mongo/db/clientcursor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/commands.h"
+#include "mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h"
 #include "mongo/db/db_raii.h"
 #include "mongo/db/exec/working_set_common.h"
 #include "mongo/db/matcher/extensions_callback_real.h"
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNs(dbname, cmdObj));
@@ -180,11 +181,17 @@ public:
             if (!viewAggregationCommand.isOK())
                 return viewAggregationCommand.getStatus();
 
-            Command* agg = Command::findCommand("aggregate");
-            std::string errmsg;
+            // Create the agg request equivalent of the find operation, with the explain verbosity
+            // included.
+            auto aggRequest = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(
+                nss, viewAggregationCommand.getValue(), verbosity);
+            if (!aggRequest.isOK()) {
+                return aggRequest.getStatus();
+            }
 
             try {
-                agg->run(opCtx, dbname, viewAggregationCommand.getValue(), 0, errmsg, *out);
+                return runAggregate(
+                    opCtx, nss, aggRequest.getValue(), viewAggregationCommand.getValue(), *out);
             } catch (DBException& error) {
                 if (error.getCode() == ErrorCodes::InvalidPipelineOperator) {
                     return {ErrorCodes::InvalidPipelineOperator,
@@ -192,7 +199,6 @@ public:
                 }
                 return error.toStatus();
             }
-            return Status::OK();
         }
 
         // The collection may be NULL. If so, getExecutor() should handle it by returning an
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/group_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/group_cmd.cpp
index cf42c368e75..a9e6eeca6ca 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/group_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/group_cmd.cpp
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ private:
     virtual Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                            const std::string& dbname,
                            const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                           ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                           ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                            const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                            BSONObjBuilder* out) const {
         GroupRequest groupRequest;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/pipeline_command.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/pipeline_command.cpp
index 4fcfb97f574..47db0e450c6 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/pipeline_command.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/pipeline_command.cpp
@@ -26,270 +26,21 @@
  * it in the license file.
  */
 
-#define MONGO_LOG_DEFAULT_COMPONENT ::mongo::logger::LogComponent::kCommand
-
 #include "mongo/platform/basic.h"
 
-#include <boost/optional.hpp>
-#include <deque>
-#include <vector>
-
 #include "mongo/base/init.h"
-#include "mongo/db/auth/action_set.h"
-#include "mongo/db/auth/action_type.h"
 #include "mongo/db/auth/authorization_session.h"
 #include "mongo/db/auth/privilege.h"
-#include "mongo/db/catalog/database.h"
 #include "mongo/db/client.h"
 #include "mongo/db/commands.h"
-#include "mongo/db/curop.h"
-#include "mongo/db/db_raii.h"
-#include "mongo/db/exec/pipeline_proxy.h"
-#include "mongo/db/exec/working_set_common.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/accumulator.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/expression.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/lite_parsed_pipeline.h"
+#include "mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h"
+#include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline_d.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/collation/collator_factory_interface.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/cursor_response.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/find_common.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/get_executor.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/plan_summary_stats.h"
 #include "mongo/db/server_options.h"
-#include "mongo/db/service_context.h"
-#include "mongo/db/storage/storage_options.h"
-#include "mongo/db/views/view.h"
-#include "mongo/db/views/view_catalog.h"
-#include "mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.h"
-#include "mongo/stdx/memory.h"
-#include "mongo/util/log.h"
-#include "mongo/util/string_map.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
-
-using boost::intrusive_ptr;
-using std::endl;
-using std::shared_ptr;
-using std::string;
-using std::stringstream;
-using std::unique_ptr;
-using stdx::make_unique;
-
 namespace {
 
-/**
- * Returns true if we need to keep a ClientCursor saved for this pipeline (for future getMore
- * requests). Otherwise, returns false. The passed 'nsForCursor' is only used to determine the
- * namespace used in the returned cursor. In the case of views, this can be different from that
- * in 'request'.
- */
-bool handleCursorCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
-                         const string& nsForCursor,
-                         ClientCursor* cursor,
-                         PlanExecutor* exec,
-                         const AggregationRequest& request,
-                         BSONObjBuilder& result) {
-    if (cursor) {
-        invariant(cursor->getExecutor() == exec);
-        invariant(cursor->isAggCursor());
-    }
-
-    long long batchSize = request.getBatchSize();
-
-    // can't use result BSONObjBuilder directly since it won't handle exceptions correctly.
-    BSONArrayBuilder resultsArray;
-    BSONObj next;
-    for (int objCount = 0; objCount < batchSize; objCount++) {
-        // The initial getNext() on a PipelineProxyStage may be very expensive so we don't
-        // do it when batchSize is 0 since that indicates a desire for a fast return.
-        PlanExecutor::ExecState state;
-        if ((state = exec->getNext(&next, NULL)) == PlanExecutor::IS_EOF) {
-            // make it an obvious error to use cursor or executor after this point
-            cursor = NULL;
-            exec = NULL;
-            break;
-        }
-
-        uassert(34426,
-                "Plan executor error during aggregation: " + WorkingSetCommon::toStatusString(next),
-                PlanExecutor::ADVANCED == state);
-
-        // If adding this object will cause us to exceed the message size limit, then we stash it
-        // for later.
-        if (!FindCommon::haveSpaceForNext(next, objCount, resultsArray.len())) {
-            exec->enqueue(next);
-            break;
-        }
-
-        resultsArray.append(next);
-    }
-
-    // NOTE: exec->isEOF() can have side effects such as writing by $out. However, it should
-    // be relatively quick since if there was no cursor then the input is empty. Also, this
-    // violates the contract for batchSize==0. Sharding requires a cursor to be returned in that
-    // case. This is ok for now however, since you can't have a sharded collection that doesn't
-    // exist.
-    const bool canReturnMoreBatches = cursor;
-    if (!canReturnMoreBatches && exec && !exec->isEOF()) {
-        // msgasserting since this shouldn't be possible to trigger from today's aggregation
-        // language. The wording assumes that the only reason cursor would be null is if the
-        // collection doesn't exist.
-        msgasserted(
-            17391,
-            str::stream() << "Aggregation has more results than fit in initial batch, but can't "
-                          << "create cursor since collection "
-                          << nsForCursor
-                          << " doesn't exist");
-    }
-
-    if (cursor) {
-        // If a time limit was set on the pipeline, remaining time is "rolled over" to the
-        // cursor (for use by future getmore ops).
-        cursor->setLeftoverMaxTimeMicros(opCtx->getRemainingMaxTimeMicros());
-
-        CurOp::get(opCtx)->debug().cursorid = cursor->cursorid();
-
-        // Cursor needs to be in a saved state while we yield locks for getmore. State
-        // will be restored in getMore().
-        exec->saveState();
-        exec->detachFromOperationContext();
-    } else {
-        CurOp::get(opCtx)->debug().cursorExhausted = true;
-    }
-
-    const long long cursorId = cursor ? cursor->cursorid() : 0LL;
-    appendCursorResponseObject(cursorId, nsForCursor, resultsArray.arr(), &result);
-
-    return static_cast<bool>(cursor);
-}
-
-StatusWith<StringMap<ExpressionContext::ResolvedNamespace>> resolveInvolvedNamespaces(
-    OperationContext* opCtx, const AggregationRequest& request) {
-    // We intentionally do not drop and reacquire our DB lock after resolving the view definition in
-    // order to prevent the definition for any view namespaces we've already resolved from changing.
-    // This is necessary to prevent a cycle from being formed among the view definitions cached in
-    // 'resolvedNamespaces' because we won't re-resolve a view namespace we've already encountered.
-    AutoGetDb autoDb(opCtx, request.getNamespaceString().db(), MODE_IS);
-    Database* const db = autoDb.getDb();
-    ViewCatalog* viewCatalog = db ? db->getViewCatalog() : nullptr;
-
-    const LiteParsedPipeline liteParsedPipeline(request);
-    const auto& pipelineInvolvedNamespaces = liteParsedPipeline.getInvolvedNamespaces();
-    std::deque<NamespaceString> involvedNamespacesQueue(pipelineInvolvedNamespaces.begin(),
-                                                        pipelineInvolvedNamespaces.end());
-    StringMap<ExpressionContext::ResolvedNamespace> resolvedNamespaces;
-
-    while (!involvedNamespacesQueue.empty()) {
-        auto involvedNs = std::move(involvedNamespacesQueue.front());
-        involvedNamespacesQueue.pop_front();
-
-        if (resolvedNamespaces.find(involvedNs.coll()) != resolvedNamespaces.end()) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if (!db || db->getCollection(involvedNs.ns())) {
-            // If the database exists and 'involvedNs' refers to a collection namespace, then we
-            // resolve it as an empty pipeline in order to read directly from the underlying
-            // collection. If the database doesn't exist, then we still resolve it as an empty
-            // pipeline because 'involvedNs' doesn't refer to a view namespace in our consistent
-            // snapshot of the view catalog.
-            resolvedNamespaces[involvedNs.coll()] = {involvedNs, std::vector<BSONObj>{}};
-        } else if (viewCatalog->lookup(opCtx, involvedNs.ns())) {
-            // If 'involvedNs' refers to a view namespace, then we resolve its definition.
-            auto resolvedView = viewCatalog->resolveView(opCtx, involvedNs);
-            if (!resolvedView.isOK()) {
-                return {ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
-                        str::stream() << "Failed to resolve view '" << involvedNs.ns() << "': "
-                                      << resolvedView.getStatus().toString()};
-            }
-
-            resolvedNamespaces[involvedNs.coll()] = {resolvedView.getValue().getNamespace(),
-                                                     resolvedView.getValue().getPipeline()};
-
-            // We parse the pipeline corresponding to the resolved view in case we must resolve
-            // other view namespaces that are also involved.
-            LiteParsedPipeline resolvedViewLitePipeline(
-                {resolvedView.getValue().getNamespace(), resolvedView.getValue().getPipeline()});
-
-            const auto& resolvedViewInvolvedNamespaces =
-                resolvedViewLitePipeline.getInvolvedNamespaces();
-            involvedNamespacesQueue.insert(involvedNamespacesQueue.end(),
-                                           resolvedViewInvolvedNamespaces.begin(),
-                                           resolvedViewInvolvedNamespaces.end());
-        } else {
-            // 'involvedNs' is neither a view nor a collection, so resolve it as an empty pipeline
-            // to treat it as reading from a non-existent collection.
-            resolvedNamespaces[involvedNs.coll()] = {involvedNs, std::vector<BSONObj>{}};
-        }
-    }
-
-    return resolvedNamespaces;
-}
-
-/**
- * Round trips the pipeline through serialization by calling serialize(), then Pipeline::parse().
- * fasserts if it fails to parse after being serialized.
- */
-boost::intrusive_ptr<Pipeline> reparsePipeline(
-    const boost::intrusive_ptr<Pipeline>& pipeline,
-    const AggregationRequest& request,
-    const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& expCtx) {
-    auto serialized = pipeline->serialize();
-
-    // Convert vector<Value> to vector<BSONObj>.
-    std::vector<BSONObj> parseableSerialization;
-    parseableSerialization.reserve(serialized.size());
-    for (auto&& serializedStage : serialized) {
-        invariant(serializedStage.getType() == BSONType::Object);
-        parseableSerialization.push_back(serializedStage.getDocument().toBson());
-    }
-
-    auto reparsedPipeline = Pipeline::parse(parseableSerialization, expCtx);
-    if (!reparsedPipeline.isOK()) {
-        error() << "Aggregation command did not round trip through parsing and serialization "
-                   "correctly. Input pipeline: "
-                << Value(request.getPipeline()) << ", serialized pipeline: " << Value(serialized);
-        fassertFailedWithStatusNoTrace(40175, reparsedPipeline.getStatus());
-    }
-
-    reparsedPipeline.getValue()->optimizePipeline();
-    return reparsedPipeline.getValue();
-}
-
-/**
- * Returns Status::OK if each view namespace in 'pipeline' has a default collator equivalent to
- * 'collator'. Otherwise, returns ErrorCodes::OptionNotSupportedOnView.
- */
-Status collatorCompatibleWithPipeline(OperationContext* opCtx,
-                                      Database* db,
-                                      const CollatorInterface* collator,
-                                      const intrusive_ptr<Pipeline> pipeline) {
-    if (!db || !pipeline) {
-        return Status::OK();
-    }
-    for (auto&& potentialViewNs : pipeline->getInvolvedCollections()) {
-        if (db->getCollection(potentialViewNs.ns())) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        auto view = db->getViewCatalog()->lookup(opCtx, potentialViewNs.ns());
-        if (!view) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (!CollatorInterface::collatorsMatch(view->defaultCollator(), collator)) {
-            return {ErrorCodes::OptionNotSupportedOnView,
-                    str::stream() << "Cannot override default collation of view "
-                                  << potentialViewNs.ns()};
-        }
-    }
-    return Status::OK();
-}
-
 bool isMergePipeline(const std::vector<BSONObj>& pipeline) {
     if (pipeline.empty()) {
         return false;
@@ -323,12 +74,12 @@ public:
         return ReadWriteType::kRead;
     }
 
-    virtual void help(stringstream& help) const {
-        help << "{ pipeline: [ { $operator: {...}}, ... ]"
-             << ", explain: <bool>"
+    virtual void help(std::stringstream& help) const {
+        help << "{ pipeline: [ { $stage: {...} }, ... ]"
              << ", allowDiskUse: <bool>"
              << ", cursor: {batchSize: <number>}"
-             << " }" << endl
+             << ", ..."
+             << " }" << std::endl
              << "See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/aggregation for more details.";
     }
 
@@ -339,252 +90,11 @@ public:
         return AuthorizationSession::get(client)->checkAuthForAggregate(nss, cmdObj);
     }
 
-    bool runParsed(OperationContext* opCtx,
-                   const NamespaceString& origNss,
-                   const AggregationRequest& request,
-                   BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   string& errmsg,
-                   BSONObjBuilder& result) {
-        // For operations on views, this will be the underlying namespace.
-        const NamespaceString& nss = request.getNamespaceString();
-
-        // Parse the user-specified collation, if any.
-        std::unique_ptr<CollatorInterface> userSpecifiedCollator = request.getCollation().isEmpty()
-            ? nullptr
-            : uassertStatusOK(CollatorFactoryInterface::get(opCtx->getServiceContext())
-                                  ->makeFromBSON(request.getCollation()));
-
-        boost::optional<ClientCursorPin> pin;  // either this OR the exec will be non-null
-        unique_ptr<PlanExecutor> exec;
-        boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> expCtx;
-        boost::intrusive_ptr<Pipeline> pipeline;
-        auto curOp = CurOp::get(opCtx);
-        {
-            // This will throw if the sharding version for this connection is out of date. If the
-            // namespace is a view, the lock will be released before re-running the aggregation.
-            // Otherwise, the lock must be held continuously from now until we have we created both
-            // the output ClientCursor and the input executor. This ensures that both are using the
-            // same sharding version that we synchronize on here. This is also why we always need to
-            // create a ClientCursor even when we aren't outputting to a cursor. See the comment on
-            // ShardFilterStage for more details.
-            AutoGetCollectionOrViewForRead ctx(opCtx, nss);
-            Collection* collection = ctx.getCollection();
-
-            // If this is a view, resolve it by finding the underlying collection and stitching view
-            // pipelines and this request's pipeline together. We then release our locks before
-            // recursively calling run, which will re-acquire locks on the underlying collection.
-            // (The lock must be released because recursively acquiring locks on the database will
-            // prohibit yielding.)
-            const LiteParsedPipeline liteParsedPipeline(request);
-            if (ctx.getView() && !liteParsedPipeline.startsWithCollStats()) {
-                // Check that the default collation of 'view' is compatible with the operation's
-                // collation. The check is skipped if the 'request' has the empty collation, which
-                // means that no collation was specified.
-                if (!request.getCollation().isEmpty()) {
-                    if (!CollatorInterface::collatorsMatch(ctx.getView()->defaultCollator(),
-                                                           userSpecifiedCollator.get())) {
-                        return appendCommandStatus(result,
-                                                   {ErrorCodes::OptionNotSupportedOnView,
-                                                    "Cannot override a view's default collation"});
-                    }
-                }
-
-                auto viewDefinition =
-                    ViewShardingCheck::getResolvedViewIfSharded(opCtx, ctx.getDb(), ctx.getView());
-                if (!viewDefinition.isOK()) {
-                    return appendCommandStatus(result, viewDefinition.getStatus());
-                }
-
-                if (!viewDefinition.getValue().isEmpty()) {
-                    ViewShardingCheck::appendShardedViewStatus(viewDefinition.getValue(), &result);
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                auto resolvedView = ctx.getDb()->getViewCatalog()->resolveView(opCtx, nss);
-                if (!resolvedView.isOK()) {
-                    return appendCommandStatus(result, resolvedView.getStatus());
-                }
-
-                auto collationSpec = ctx.getView()->defaultCollator()
-                    ? ctx.getView()->defaultCollator()->getSpec().toBSON().getOwned()
-                    : CollationSpec::kSimpleSpec;
-
-                // With the view & collation resolved, we can relinquish locks.
-                ctx.releaseLocksForView();
-
-                // Parse the resolved view into a new aggregation request.
-                auto newCmd = resolvedView.getValue().asExpandedViewAggregation(request);
-                if (!newCmd.isOK()) {
-                    return appendCommandStatus(result, newCmd.getStatus());
-                }
-                auto newNss = resolvedView.getValue().getNamespace();
-                auto newRequest = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(newNss, newCmd.getValue());
-                if (!newRequest.isOK()) {
-                    return appendCommandStatus(result, newRequest.getStatus());
-                }
-                newRequest.getValue().setCollation(collationSpec);
-
-                bool status = runParsed(
-                    opCtx, origNss, newRequest.getValue(), newCmd.getValue(), errmsg, result);
-                {
-                    // Set the namespace of the curop back to the view namespace so ctx records
-                    // stats on this view namespace on destruction.
-                    stdx::lock_guard<Client> lk(*opCtx->getClient());
-                    curOp->setNS_inlock(nss.ns());
-                }
-                return status;
-            }
-
-            // Determine the appropriate collation to make the ExpressionContext.
-
-            // If the pipeline does not have a user-specified collation, set it from the collection
-            // default. Be careful to consult the original request BSON to check if a collation was
-            // specified, since a specification of {locale: "simple"} will result in a null
-            // collator.
-            auto collatorToUse = std::move(userSpecifiedCollator);
-            if (request.getCollation().isEmpty() && collection &&
-                collection->getDefaultCollator()) {
-                invariant(!collatorToUse);
-                collatorToUse = collection->getDefaultCollator()->clone();
-            }
-
-            expCtx.reset(
-                new ExpressionContext(opCtx,
-                                      request,
-                                      std::move(collatorToUse),
-                                      uassertStatusOK(resolveInvolvedNamespaces(opCtx, request))));
-            expCtx->tempDir = storageGlobalParams.dbpath + "/_tmp";
-
-            // Parse the pipeline.
-            auto statusWithPipeline = Pipeline::parse(request.getPipeline(), expCtx);
-            if (!statusWithPipeline.isOK()) {
-                return appendCommandStatus(result, statusWithPipeline.getStatus());
-            }
-            pipeline = std::move(statusWithPipeline.getValue());
-
-            // Check that the view's collation matches the collation of any views involved
-            // in the pipeline.
-            auto pipelineCollationStatus =
-                collatorCompatibleWithPipeline(opCtx, ctx.getDb(), expCtx->getCollator(), pipeline);
-            if (!pipelineCollationStatus.isOK()) {
-                return appendCommandStatus(result, pipelineCollationStatus);
-            }
-
-            pipeline->optimizePipeline();
-
-            if (kDebugBuild && !expCtx->isExplain && !expCtx->inShard) {
-                // Make sure all operations round-trip through Pipeline::serialize() correctly by
-                // re-parsing every command in debug builds. This is important because sharded
-                // aggregations rely on this ability.  Skipping when inShard because this has
-                // already been through the transformation (and this un-sets expCtx->inShard).
-                pipeline = reparsePipeline(pipeline, request, expCtx);
-            }
-
-            // This does mongod-specific stuff like creating the input PlanExecutor and adding
-            // it to the front of the pipeline if needed.
-            PipelineD::prepareCursorSource(collection, &request, pipeline);
-
-            // Create the PlanExecutor which returns results from the pipeline. The WorkingSet
-            // ('ws') and the PipelineProxyStage ('proxy') will be owned by the created
-            // PlanExecutor.
-            auto ws = make_unique<WorkingSet>();
-            auto proxy = make_unique<PipelineProxyStage>(opCtx, pipeline, ws.get());
-
-            auto statusWithPlanExecutor = (NULL == collection)
-                ? PlanExecutor::make(
-                      opCtx, std::move(ws), std::move(proxy), nss.ns(), PlanExecutor::YIELD_MANUAL)
-                : PlanExecutor::make(opCtx,
-                                     std::move(ws),
-                                     std::move(proxy),
-                                     collection,
-                                     PlanExecutor::YIELD_MANUAL);
-            invariant(statusWithPlanExecutor.isOK());
-            exec = std::move(statusWithPlanExecutor.getValue());
-
-            {
-                auto planSummary = Explain::getPlanSummary(exec.get());
-                stdx::lock_guard<Client> lk(*opCtx->getClient());
-                curOp->setPlanSummary_inlock(std::move(planSummary));
-            }
-
-            if (collection) {
-                const bool isAggCursor = true;  // enable special locking behavior
-                pin.emplace(collection->getCursorManager()->registerCursor(
-                    {exec.release(),
-                     nss.ns(),
-                     opCtx->recoveryUnit()->isReadingFromMajorityCommittedSnapshot(),
-                     0,
-                     cmdObj.getOwned(),
-                     isAggCursor}));
-                // Don't add any code between here and the start of the try block.
-            }
-
-            // At this point, it is safe to release the collection lock.
-            // - In the case where we have a collection: we will need to reacquire the
-            //   collection lock later when cleaning up our ClientCursorPin.
-            // - In the case where we don't have a collection: our PlanExecutor won't be
-            //   registered, so it will be safe to clean it up outside the lock.
-            invariant(!exec || !collection);
-        }
-
-        try {
-            // Unless set to true, the ClientCursor created above will be deleted on block exit.
-            bool keepCursor = false;
-
-            // If both explain and cursor are specified, explain wins.
-            if (expCtx->isExplain) {
-                result << "stages" << Value(pipeline->writeExplainOps());
-            } else {
-                // Cursor must be specified, if explain is not.
-                keepCursor = handleCursorCommand(opCtx,
-                                                 origNss.ns(),
-                                                 pin ? pin->getCursor() : nullptr,
-                                                 pin ? pin->getCursor()->getExecutor() : exec.get(),
-                                                 request,
-                                                 result);
-            }
-
-            if (!expCtx->isExplain) {
-                PlanSummaryStats stats;
-                Explain::getSummaryStats(pin ? *pin->getCursor()->getExecutor() : *exec.get(),
-                                         &stats);
-                curOp->debug().setPlanSummaryMetrics(stats);
-                curOp->debug().nreturned = stats.nReturned;
-            }
-
-            // Clean up our ClientCursorPin, if needed.  We must reacquire the collection lock
-            // in order to do so.
-            if (pin) {
-                // We acquire locks here with DBLock and CollectionLock instead of using
-                // AutoGetCollectionForRead.  AutoGetCollectionForRead will throw if the
-                // sharding version is out of date, and we don't care if the sharding version
-                // has changed.
-                Lock::DBLock dbLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.db(), MODE_IS);
-                Lock::CollectionLock collLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.ns(), MODE_IS);
-                if (keepCursor) {
-                    pin->release();
-                } else {
-                    pin->deleteUnderlying();
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (...) {
-            // On our way out of scope, we clean up our ClientCursorPin if needed.
-            if (pin) {
-                Lock::DBLock dbLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.db(), MODE_IS);
-                Lock::CollectionLock collLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.ns(), MODE_IS);
-                pin->deleteUnderlying();
-            }
-            throw;
-        }
-        // Any code that needs the cursor pinned must be inside the try block, above.
-        return appendCommandStatus(result, Status::OK());
-    }
-
     virtual bool run(OperationContext* opCtx,
-                     const string& db,
+                     const std::string& db,
                      BSONObj& cmdObj,
                      int options,
-                     string& errmsg,
+                     std::string& errmsg,
                      BSONObjBuilder& result) {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(db, cmdObj));
 
@@ -610,7 +120,38 @@ public:
                        "http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/3.4-feature-compatibility."));
         }
 
-        return runParsed(opCtx, nss, request.getValue(), cmdObj, errmsg, result);
+        return appendCommandStatus(result,
+                                   runAggregate(opCtx, nss, request.getValue(), cmdObj, result));
+    }
+
+    Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                   const std::string& dbName,
+                   const BSONObj& cmdObj,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
+                   BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
+        const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbName, cmdObj));
+
+        // Parse the options for this request, supplying the explain verbosity separately.
+        auto request = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, cmdObj, verbosity);
+        if (!request.isOK()) {
+            return request.getStatus();
+        }
+        // If the featureCompatibilityVersion is 3.2, we disallow collation from the user. However,
+        // operations should still respect the collection default collation. The mongos attaches the
+        // collection default collation to the merger pipeline, since the merger may not have the
+        // collection metadata. So the merger needs to accept a collation, and we rely on the shards
+        // to reject collations from the user.
+        if (!request.getValue().getCollation().isEmpty() &&
+            serverGlobalParams.featureCompatibility.version.load() ==
+                ServerGlobalParams::FeatureCompatibility::Version::k32 &&
+            !isMergePipeline(request.getValue().getPipeline())) {
+            return Status(ErrorCodes::InvalidOptions,
+                          "The featureCompatibilityVersion must be 3.4 to use collation. See "
+                          "http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/3.4-feature-compatibility.");
+        }
+
+        return runAggregate(opCtx, nss, request.getValue(), cmdObj, *out);
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..684b954b0c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 MongoDB Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
+ * code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
+ * conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
+ * linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
+ * must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
+ * for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
+ * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
+ * version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
+ * wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
+ * delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
+ * then also delete it in the license file.
+ */
+
+#define MONGO_LOG_DEFAULT_COMPONENT ::mongo::logger::LogComponent::kCommand
+
+#include "mongo/platform/basic.h"
+
+#include "mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h"
+
+#include <boost/optional.hpp>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "mongo/db/catalog/database.h"
+#include "mongo/db/curop.h"
+#include "mongo/db/db_raii.h"
+#include "mongo/db/exec/pipeline_proxy.h"
+#include "mongo/db/exec/working_set_common.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/accumulator.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/expression.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/lite_parsed_pipeline.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline_d.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/collation/collator_factory_interface.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/cursor_response.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/find_common.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/get_executor.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/plan_summary_stats.h"
+#include "mongo/db/service_context.h"
+#include "mongo/db/storage/storage_options.h"
+#include "mongo/db/views/view.h"
+#include "mongo/db/views/view_catalog.h"
+#include "mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.h"
+#include "mongo/stdx/memory.h"
+#include "mongo/util/log.h"
+#include "mongo/util/string_map.h"
+
+namespace mongo {
+
+using boost::intrusive_ptr;
+using std::endl;
+using std::shared_ptr;
+using std::string;
+using std::stringstream;
+using std::unique_ptr;
+using stdx::make_unique;
+
+namespace {
+/**
+ * Returns true if we need to keep a ClientCursor saved for this pipeline (for future getMore
+ * requests). Otherwise, returns false. The passed 'nsForCursor' is only used to determine the
+ * namespace used in the returned cursor. In the case of views, this can be different from that
+ * in 'request'.
+ */
+bool handleCursorCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                         const string& nsForCursor,
+                         ClientCursor* cursor,
+                         PlanExecutor* exec,
+                         const AggregationRequest& request,
+                         BSONObjBuilder& result) {
+    if (cursor) {
+        invariant(cursor->getExecutor() == exec);
+        invariant(cursor->isAggCursor());
+    }
+
+    long long batchSize = request.getBatchSize();
+
+    // can't use result BSONObjBuilder directly since it won't handle exceptions correctly.
+    BSONArrayBuilder resultsArray;
+    BSONObj next;
+    for (int objCount = 0; objCount < batchSize; objCount++) {
+        // The initial getNext() on a PipelineProxyStage may be very expensive so we don't
+        // do it when batchSize is 0 since that indicates a desire for a fast return.
+        PlanExecutor::ExecState state;
+        if ((state = exec->getNext(&next, NULL)) == PlanExecutor::IS_EOF) {
+            // make it an obvious error to use cursor or executor after this point
+            cursor = NULL;
+            exec = NULL;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        uassert(34426,
+                "Plan executor error during aggregation: " + WorkingSetCommon::toStatusString(next),
+                PlanExecutor::ADVANCED == state);
+
+        // If adding this object will cause us to exceed the message size limit, then we stash it
+        // for later.
+        if (!FindCommon::haveSpaceForNext(next, objCount, resultsArray.len())) {
+            exec->enqueue(next);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        resultsArray.append(next);
+    }
+
+    // NOTE: exec->isEOF() can have side effects such as writing by $out. However, it should
+    // be relatively quick since if there was no cursor then the input is empty. Also, this
+    // violates the contract for batchSize==0. Sharding requires a cursor to be returned in that
+    // case. This is ok for now however, since you can't have a sharded collection that doesn't
+    // exist.
+    const bool canReturnMoreBatches = cursor;
+    if (!canReturnMoreBatches && exec && !exec->isEOF()) {
+        // msgasserting since this shouldn't be possible to trigger from today's aggregation
+        // language. The wording assumes that the only reason cursor would be null is if the
+        // collection doesn't exist.
+        msgasserted(
+            17391,
+            str::stream() << "Aggregation has more results than fit in initial batch, but can't "
+                          << "create cursor since collection "
+                          << nsForCursor
+                          << " doesn't exist");
+    }
+
+    if (cursor) {
+        // If a time limit was set on the pipeline, remaining time is "rolled over" to the
+        // cursor (for use by future getmore ops).
+        cursor->setLeftoverMaxTimeMicros(opCtx->getRemainingMaxTimeMicros());
+
+        CurOp::get(opCtx)->debug().cursorid = cursor->cursorid();
+
+        // Cursor needs to be in a saved state while we yield locks for getmore. State
+        // will be restored in getMore().
+        exec->saveState();
+        exec->detachFromOperationContext();
+    } else {
+        CurOp::get(opCtx)->debug().cursorExhausted = true;
+    }
+
+    const long long cursorId = cursor ? cursor->cursorid() : 0LL;
+    appendCursorResponseObject(cursorId, nsForCursor, resultsArray.arr(), &result);
+
+    return static_cast<bool>(cursor);
+}
+
+StatusWith<StringMap<ExpressionContext::ResolvedNamespace>> resolveInvolvedNamespaces(
+    OperationContext* opCtx, const AggregationRequest& request) {
+    // We intentionally do not drop and reacquire our DB lock after resolving the view definition in
+    // order to prevent the definition for any view namespaces we've already resolved from changing.
+    // This is necessary to prevent a cycle from being formed among the view definitions cached in
+    // 'resolvedNamespaces' because we won't re-resolve a view namespace we've already encountered.
+    AutoGetDb autoDb(opCtx, request.getNamespaceString().db(), MODE_IS);
+    Database* const db = autoDb.getDb();
+    ViewCatalog* viewCatalog = db ? db->getViewCatalog() : nullptr;
+
+    const LiteParsedPipeline liteParsedPipeline(request);
+    const auto& pipelineInvolvedNamespaces = liteParsedPipeline.getInvolvedNamespaces();
+    std::deque<NamespaceString> involvedNamespacesQueue(pipelineInvolvedNamespaces.begin(),
+                                                        pipelineInvolvedNamespaces.end());
+    StringMap<ExpressionContext::ResolvedNamespace> resolvedNamespaces;
+
+    while (!involvedNamespacesQueue.empty()) {
+        auto involvedNs = std::move(involvedNamespacesQueue.front());
+        involvedNamespacesQueue.pop_front();
+
+        if (resolvedNamespaces.find(involvedNs.coll()) != resolvedNamespaces.end()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!db || db->getCollection(involvedNs.ns())) {
+            // If the database exists and 'involvedNs' refers to a collection namespace, then we
+            // resolve it as an empty pipeline in order to read directly from the underlying
+            // collection. If the database doesn't exist, then we still resolve it as an empty
+            // pipeline because 'involvedNs' doesn't refer to a view namespace in our consistent
+            // snapshot of the view catalog.
+            resolvedNamespaces[involvedNs.coll()] = {involvedNs, std::vector<BSONObj>{}};
+        } else if (viewCatalog->lookup(opCtx, involvedNs.ns())) {
+            // If 'involvedNs' refers to a view namespace, then we resolve its definition.
+            auto resolvedView = viewCatalog->resolveView(opCtx, involvedNs);
+            if (!resolvedView.isOK()) {
+                return {ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
+                        str::stream() << "Failed to resolve view '" << involvedNs.ns() << "': "
+                                      << resolvedView.getStatus().toString()};
+            }
+
+            resolvedNamespaces[involvedNs.coll()] = {resolvedView.getValue().getNamespace(),
+                                                     resolvedView.getValue().getPipeline()};
+
+            // We parse the pipeline corresponding to the resolved view in case we must resolve
+            // other view namespaces that are also involved.
+            LiteParsedPipeline resolvedViewLitePipeline(
+                {resolvedView.getValue().getNamespace(), resolvedView.getValue().getPipeline()});
+
+            const auto& resolvedViewInvolvedNamespaces =
+                resolvedViewLitePipeline.getInvolvedNamespaces();
+            involvedNamespacesQueue.insert(involvedNamespacesQueue.end(),
+                                           resolvedViewInvolvedNamespaces.begin(),
+                                           resolvedViewInvolvedNamespaces.end());
+        } else {
+            // 'involvedNs' is neither a view nor a collection, so resolve it as an empty pipeline
+            // to treat it as reading from a non-existent collection.
+            resolvedNamespaces[involvedNs.coll()] = {involvedNs, std::vector<BSONObj>{}};
+        }
+    }
+
+    return resolvedNamespaces;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Round trips the pipeline through serialization by calling serialize(), then Pipeline::parse().
+ * fasserts if it fails to parse after being serialized.
+ */
+boost::intrusive_ptr<Pipeline> reparsePipeline(
+    const boost::intrusive_ptr<Pipeline>& pipeline,
+    const AggregationRequest& request,
+    const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& expCtx) {
+    auto serialized = pipeline->serialize();
+
+    // Convert vector<Value> to vector<BSONObj>.
+    std::vector<BSONObj> parseableSerialization;
+    parseableSerialization.reserve(serialized.size());
+    for (auto&& serializedStage : serialized) {
+        invariant(serializedStage.getType() == BSONType::Object);
+        parseableSerialization.push_back(serializedStage.getDocument().toBson());
+    }
+
+    auto reparsedPipeline = Pipeline::parse(parseableSerialization, expCtx);
+    if (!reparsedPipeline.isOK()) {
+        error() << "Aggregation command did not round trip through parsing and serialization "
+                   "correctly. Input pipeline: "
+                << Value(request.getPipeline()) << ", serialized pipeline: " << Value(serialized);
+        fassertFailedWithStatusNoTrace(40175, reparsedPipeline.getStatus());
+    }
+
+    reparsedPipeline.getValue()->optimizePipeline();
+    return reparsedPipeline.getValue();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns Status::OK if each view namespace in 'pipeline' has a default collator equivalent to
+ * 'collator'. Otherwise, returns ErrorCodes::OptionNotSupportedOnView.
+ */
+Status collatorCompatibleWithPipeline(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                                      Database* db,
+                                      const CollatorInterface* collator,
+                                      const intrusive_ptr<Pipeline> pipeline) {
+    if (!db || !pipeline) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    for (auto&& potentialViewNs : pipeline->getInvolvedCollections()) {
+        if (db->getCollection(potentialViewNs.ns())) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        auto view = db->getViewCatalog()->lookup(opCtx, potentialViewNs.ns());
+        if (!view) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!CollatorInterface::collatorsMatch(view->defaultCollator(), collator)) {
+            return {ErrorCodes::OptionNotSupportedOnView,
+                    str::stream() << "Cannot override default collation of view "
+                                  << potentialViewNs.ns()};
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+}  // namespace
+
+Status runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                    const NamespaceString& origNss,
+                    const AggregationRequest& request,
+                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
+                    BSONObjBuilder& result) {
+    // For operations on views, this will be the underlying namespace.
+    const NamespaceString& nss = request.getNamespaceString();
+
+    // Parse the user-specified collation, if any.
+    std::unique_ptr<CollatorInterface> userSpecifiedCollator = request.getCollation().isEmpty()
+        ? nullptr
+        : uassertStatusOK(CollatorFactoryInterface::get(opCtx->getServiceContext())
+                              ->makeFromBSON(request.getCollation()));
+
+    boost::optional<ClientCursorPin> pin;  // either this OR the exec will be non-null
+    unique_ptr<PlanExecutor> exec;
+    boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> expCtx;
+    boost::intrusive_ptr<Pipeline> pipeline;
+    auto curOp = CurOp::get(opCtx);
+    {
+        // This will throw if the sharding version for this connection is out of date. If the
+        // namespace is a view, the lock will be released before re-running the aggregation.
+        // Otherwise, the lock must be held continuously from now until we have we created both
+        // the output ClientCursor and the input executor. This ensures that both are using the
+        // same sharding version that we synchronize on here. This is also why we always need to
+        // create a ClientCursor even when we aren't outputting to a cursor. See the comment on
+        // ShardFilterStage for more details.
+        AutoGetCollectionOrViewForRead ctx(opCtx, nss);
+        Collection* collection = ctx.getCollection();
+
+        // If this is a view, resolve it by finding the underlying collection and stitching view
+        // pipelines and this request's pipeline together. We then release our locks before
+        // recursively calling runAggregate(), which will re-acquire locks on the underlying
+        // collection.  (The lock must be released because recursively acquiring locks on the
+        // database will prohibit yielding.)
+        const LiteParsedPipeline liteParsedPipeline(request);
+        if (ctx.getView() && !liteParsedPipeline.startsWithCollStats()) {
+            // Check that the default collation of 'view' is compatible with the operation's
+            // collation. The check is skipped if the 'request' has the empty collation, which
+            // means that no collation was specified.
+            if (!request.getCollation().isEmpty()) {
+                if (!CollatorInterface::collatorsMatch(ctx.getView()->defaultCollator(),
+                                                       userSpecifiedCollator.get())) {
+                    return {ErrorCodes::OptionNotSupportedOnView,
+                            "Cannot override a view's default collation"};
+                }
+            }
+
+            auto viewDefinition =
+                ViewShardingCheck::getResolvedViewIfSharded(opCtx, ctx.getDb(), ctx.getView());
+            if (!viewDefinition.isOK()) {
+                return viewDefinition.getStatus();
+            }
+
+            if (!viewDefinition.getValue().isEmpty()) {
+                return ViewShardingCheck::appendShardedViewResponse(viewDefinition.getValue(),
+                                                                    &result);
+            }
+
+            auto resolvedView = ctx.getDb()->getViewCatalog()->resolveView(opCtx, nss);
+            if (!resolvedView.isOK()) {
+                return resolvedView.getStatus();
+            }
+
+            auto collationSpec = ctx.getView()->defaultCollator()
+                ? ctx.getView()->defaultCollator()->getSpec().toBSON().getOwned()
+                : CollationSpec::kSimpleSpec;
+
+            // With the view & collation resolved, we can relinquish locks.
+            ctx.releaseLocksForView();
+
+            // Parse the resolved view into a new aggregation request.
+            auto newRequest = resolvedView.getValue().asExpandedViewAggregation(request);
+            newRequest.setCollation(collationSpec);
+            auto newCmd = newRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
+
+            auto status = runAggregate(opCtx, origNss, newRequest, newCmd, result);
+            {
+                // Set the namespace of the curop back to the view namespace so ctx records
+                // stats on this view namespace on destruction.
+                stdx::lock_guard<Client> lk(*opCtx->getClient());
+                curOp->setNS_inlock(nss.ns());
+            }
+            return status;
+        }
+
+        // Determine the appropriate collation to make the ExpressionContext.
+
+        // If the pipeline does not have a user-specified collation, set it from the collection
+        // default. Be careful to consult the original request BSON to check if a collation was
+        // specified, since a specification of {locale: "simple"} will result in a null
+        // collator.
+        auto collatorToUse = std::move(userSpecifiedCollator);
+        if (request.getCollation().isEmpty() && collection && collection->getDefaultCollator()) {
+            invariant(!collatorToUse);
+            collatorToUse = collection->getDefaultCollator()->clone();
+        }
+
+        expCtx.reset(
+            new ExpressionContext(opCtx,
+                                  request,
+                                  std::move(collatorToUse),
+                                  uassertStatusOK(resolveInvolvedNamespaces(opCtx, request))));
+        expCtx->tempDir = storageGlobalParams.dbpath + "/_tmp";
+
+        // Parse the pipeline.
+        auto statusWithPipeline = Pipeline::parse(request.getPipeline(), expCtx);
+        if (!statusWithPipeline.isOK()) {
+            return statusWithPipeline.getStatus();
+        }
+        pipeline = std::move(statusWithPipeline.getValue());
+
+        // Check that the view's collation matches the collation of any views involved
+        // in the pipeline.
+        auto pipelineCollationStatus =
+            collatorCompatibleWithPipeline(opCtx, ctx.getDb(), expCtx->getCollator(), pipeline);
+        if (!pipelineCollationStatus.isOK()) {
+            return pipelineCollationStatus;
+        }
+
+        pipeline->optimizePipeline();
+
+        if (kDebugBuild && !expCtx->explain && !expCtx->inShard) {
+            // Make sure all operations round-trip through Pipeline::serialize() correctly by
+            // re-parsing every command in debug builds. This is important because sharded
+            // aggregations rely on this ability.  Skipping when inShard because this has
+            // already been through the transformation (and this un-sets expCtx->inShard).
+            pipeline = reparsePipeline(pipeline, request, expCtx);
+        }
+
+        // This does mongod-specific stuff like creating the input PlanExecutor and adding
+        // it to the front of the pipeline if needed.
+        PipelineD::prepareCursorSource(collection, &request, pipeline);
+
+        // Create the PlanExecutor which returns results from the pipeline. The WorkingSet
+        // ('ws') and the PipelineProxyStage ('proxy') will be owned by the created
+        // PlanExecutor.
+        auto ws = make_unique<WorkingSet>();
+        auto proxy = make_unique<PipelineProxyStage>(opCtx, pipeline, ws.get());
+
+        auto statusWithPlanExecutor = (NULL == collection)
+            ? PlanExecutor::make(
+                  opCtx, std::move(ws), std::move(proxy), nss.ns(), PlanExecutor::YIELD_MANUAL)
+            : PlanExecutor::make(
+                  opCtx, std::move(ws), std::move(proxy), collection, PlanExecutor::YIELD_MANUAL);
+        invariant(statusWithPlanExecutor.isOK());
+        exec = std::move(statusWithPlanExecutor.getValue());
+
+        {
+            auto planSummary = Explain::getPlanSummary(exec.get());
+            stdx::lock_guard<Client> lk(*opCtx->getClient());
+            curOp->setPlanSummary_inlock(std::move(planSummary));
+        }
+
+        if (collection) {
+            const bool isAggCursor = true;  // enable special locking behavior
+            pin.emplace(collection->getCursorManager()->registerCursor(
+                {exec.release(),
+                 nss.ns(),
+                 opCtx->recoveryUnit()->isReadingFromMajorityCommittedSnapshot(),
+                 0,
+                 cmdObj.getOwned(),
+                 isAggCursor}));
+            // Don't add any code between here and the start of the try block.
+        }
+
+        // At this point, it is safe to release the collection lock.
+        // - In the case where we have a collection: we will need to reacquire the
+        //   collection lock later when cleaning up our ClientCursorPin.
+        // - In the case where we don't have a collection: our PlanExecutor won't be
+        //   registered, so it will be safe to clean it up outside the lock.
+        invariant(!exec || !collection);
+    }
+
+    try {
+        // Unless set to true, the ClientCursor created above will be deleted on block exit.
+        bool keepCursor = false;
+
+        // If both explain and cursor are specified, explain wins.
+        if (expCtx->explain) {
+            result << "stages" << Value(pipeline->writeExplainOps(*expCtx->explain));
+        } else {
+            // Cursor must be specified, if explain is not.
+            keepCursor = handleCursorCommand(opCtx,
+                                             origNss.ns(),
+                                             pin ? pin->getCursor() : nullptr,
+                                             pin ? pin->getCursor()->getExecutor() : exec.get(),
+                                             request,
+                                             result);
+        }
+
+        if (!expCtx->explain) {
+            PlanSummaryStats stats;
+            Explain::getSummaryStats(pin ? *pin->getCursor()->getExecutor() : *exec.get(), &stats);
+            curOp->debug().setPlanSummaryMetrics(stats);
+            curOp->debug().nreturned = stats.nReturned;
+        }
+
+        // Clean up our ClientCursorPin, if needed.  We must reacquire the collection lock
+        // in order to do so.
+        if (pin) {
+            // We acquire locks here with DBLock and CollectionLock instead of using
+            // AutoGetCollectionForRead.  AutoGetCollectionForRead will throw if the
+            // sharding version is out of date, and we don't care if the sharding version
+            // has changed.
+            Lock::DBLock dbLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.db(), MODE_IS);
+            Lock::CollectionLock collLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.ns(), MODE_IS);
+            if (keepCursor) {
+                pin->release();
+            } else {
+                pin->deleteUnderlying();
+            }
+        }
+    } catch (...) {
+        // On our way out of scope, we clean up our ClientCursorPin if needed.
+        if (pin) {
+            Lock::DBLock dbLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.db(), MODE_IS);
+            Lock::CollectionLock collLock(opCtx->lockState(), nss.ns(), MODE_IS);
+            pin->deleteUnderlying();
+        }
+        throw;
+    }
+    // Any code that needs the cursor pinned must be inside the try block, above.
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+}  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h b/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1412768ddcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 MongoDB Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
+ * code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
+ * conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
+ * linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
+ * must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
+ * for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
+ * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
+ * version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
+ * wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
+ * delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
+ * then also delete it in the license file.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
+#include "mongo/bson/bsonobjbuilder.h"
+#include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
+#include "mongo/db/operation_context.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h"
+
+namespace mongo {
+
+/**
+ * Executes the aggregation 'request' over the specified namespace 'nss' using context 'opCtx'.
+ *
+ * The raw aggregate command parameters should be passed in 'cmdObj', and will be reported as the
+ * originatingCommand in subsequent getMores on the resulting agg cursor.
+ *
+ * On success, fills out 'result' with the command response.
+ */
+Status runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                    const NamespaceString& nss,
+                    const AggregationRequest& request,
+                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
+                    BSONObjBuilder& result);
+
+}  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/write_commands/write_commands.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/write_commands/write_commands.cpp
index 4093bcf083e..3c30ddc9e66 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/write_commands/write_commands.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/write_commands/write_commands.cpp
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const final {
         const auto batch = parseUpdateCommand(dbname, cmdObj);
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata&,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const final {
         const auto batch = parseDeleteCommand(dbname, cmdObj);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/SConscript b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/SConscript
index 49783bc5def..e243adda24a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/SConscript
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/SConscript
@@ -85,13 +85,15 @@ env.Library(
         'aggregation_request.cpp',
     ],
     LIBDEPS=[
-        'document_value',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/base',
-        '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/query/command_request_response',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/namespace_string',
+        '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/query/command_request_response',
+        '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/query/explain_options',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/query/query_request',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/repl/read_concern_args',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/storage/storage_options',
+        '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/write_concern_options',
+        'document_value',
     ]
 )
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.cpp
index 947cfbb3f81..920073c6558 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/query/query_request.h"
 #include "mongo/db/repl/read_concern_args.h"
 #include "mongo/db/storage/storage_options.h"
+#include "mongo/db/write_concern_options.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
 
@@ -61,8 +62,10 @@ const long long AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize = 101;
 AggregationRequest::AggregationRequest(NamespaceString nss, std::vector<BSONObj> pipeline)
     : _nss(std::move(nss)), _pipeline(std::move(pipeline)), _batchSize(kDefaultBatchSize) {}
 
-StatusWith<AggregationRequest> AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(NamespaceString nss,
-                                                                 const BSONObj& cmdObj) {
+StatusWith<AggregationRequest> AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(
+    NamespaceString nss,
+    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explainVerbosity) {
     // Parse required parameters.
     auto pipelineElem = cmdObj[kPipelineName];
     if (pipelineElem.eoo() || pipelineElem.type() != BSONType::Array) {
@@ -81,12 +84,13 @@ StatusWith<AggregationRequest> AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(NamespaceString
 
     const std::initializer_list<StringData> optionsParsedElseWhere = {
         QueryRequest::cmdOptionMaxTimeMS,
-        "writeConcern"_sd,
+        WriteConcernOptions::kWriteConcernField,
         kPipelineName,
         kCommandName,
         repl::ReadConcernArgs::kReadConcernFieldName};
 
     bool hasCursorElem = false;
+    bool hasExplainElem = false;
 
     // Parse optional parameters.
     for (auto&& elem : cmdObj) {
@@ -138,7 +142,11 @@ StatusWith<AggregationRequest> AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(NamespaceString
                         str::stream() << kExplainName << " must be a boolean, not a "
                                       << typeName(elem.type())};
             }
-            request.setExplain(elem.Bool());
+
+            hasExplainElem = true;
+            if (elem.Bool()) {
+                request.setExplain(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
+            }
         } else if (kFromRouterName == fieldName) {
             if (elem.type() != BSONType::Bool) {
                 return {ErrorCodes::TypeMismatch,
@@ -165,11 +173,35 @@ StatusWith<AggregationRequest> AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(NamespaceString
         }
     }
 
-    if (!hasCursorElem && !request.isExplain()) {
+    if (explainVerbosity) {
+        if (hasExplainElem) {
+            return {
+                ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
+                str::stream() << "The '" << kExplainName
+                              << "' option is illegal when a explain verbosity is also provided"};
+        }
+
+        request.setExplain(explainVerbosity);
+    }
+
+    if (!hasCursorElem && !request.getExplain()) {
+        return {ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
+                str::stream() << "The '" << kCursorName
+                              << "' option is required, except for aggregation explain"};
+    }
+
+    if (request.getExplain() && cmdObj[repl::ReadConcernArgs::kReadConcernFieldName]) {
+        return {ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
+                str::stream() << "Aggregation explain does not support the '"
+                              << repl::ReadConcernArgs::kReadConcernFieldName
+                              << "' option"};
+    }
+
+    if (request.getExplain() && cmdObj[WriteConcernOptions::kWriteConcernField]) {
         return {ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
-                str::stream() << "The '" << kCursorName << "' option is required, unless '"
-                              << kExplainName
-                              << "' is true"};
+                str::stream() << "Aggregation explain does not support the'"
+                              << WriteConcernOptions::kWriteConcernField
+                              << "' option"};
     }
 
     return request;
@@ -181,7 +213,6 @@ Document AggregationRequest::serializeToCommandObj() const {
         {kCommandName, _nss.coll()},
         {kPipelineName, _pipeline},
         // Only serialize booleans if different than their default.
-        {kExplainName, _explain ? Value(true) : Value()},
         {kAllowDiskUseName, _allowDiskUse ? Value(true) : Value()},
         {kFromRouterName, _fromRouter ? Value(true) : Value()},
         {bypassDocumentValidationCommandOption(),
@@ -189,7 +220,7 @@ Document AggregationRequest::serializeToCommandObj() const {
         // Only serialize a collation if one was specified.
         {kCollationName, _collation.isEmpty() ? Value() : Value(_collation)},
         // Only serialize batchSize when explain is false.
-        {kCursorName, _explain ? Value() : Value(Document{{kBatchSizeName, _batchSize}})},
+        {kCursorName, _explainMode ? Value() : Value(Document{{kBatchSizeName, _batchSize}})},
         // Only serialize a hint if one was specified.
         {kHintName, _hint.isEmpty() ? Value() : Value(_hint)}};
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h
index b25eaa020dc..156d397cbb0 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "mongo/bson/bsonelement.h"
 #include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
 #include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
 
@@ -62,8 +63,15 @@ public:
      * Create a new instance of AggregationRequest by parsing the raw command object. Returns a
      * non-OK status if a required field was missing, if there was an unrecognized field name or if
      * there was a bad value for one of the fields.
+     *
+     * If we are parsing a request for an explained aggregation with an explain verbosity provided,
+     * then 'explainVerbosity' contains this information. In this case, 'cmdObj' may not itself
+     * contain the explain specifier. Otherwise, 'explainVerbosity' should be boost::none.
      */
-    static StatusWith<AggregationRequest> parseFromBSON(NamespaceString nss, const BSONObj& cmdObj);
+    static StatusWith<AggregationRequest> parseFromBSON(
+        NamespaceString nss,
+        const BSONObj& cmdObj,
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explainVerbosity = boost::none);
 
     /**
      * Constructs an AggregationRequest over the given namespace with the given pipeline. All
@@ -75,6 +83,9 @@ public:
      * Serializes the options to a Document. Note that this serialization includes the original
      * pipeline object, as specified. Callers will likely want to override this field with a
      * serialization of a parsed and optimized Pipeline object.
+     *
+     * The explain option is not serialized. Since the explain command format is {explain:
+     * {aggregate: ...}, ...}, explain options are not part of the aggregate command object.
      */
     Document serializeToCommandObj() const;
 
@@ -97,10 +108,6 @@ public:
         return _pipeline;
     }
 
-    bool isExplain() const {
-        return _explain;
-    }
-
     bool isFromRouter() const {
         return _fromRouter;
     }
@@ -124,6 +131,10 @@ public:
         return _hint;
     }
 
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> getExplain() const {
+        return _explainMode;
+    }
+
     //
     // Setters for optional fields.
     //
@@ -144,8 +155,8 @@ public:
         _hint = hint.getOwned();
     }
 
-    void setExplain(bool isExplain) {
-        _explain = isExplain;
+    void setExplain(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> verbosity) {
+        _explainMode = verbosity;
     }
 
     void setAllowDiskUse(bool allowDiskUse) {
@@ -162,7 +173,6 @@ public:
 
 private:
     // Required fields.
-
     const NamespaceString _nss;
 
     // An unparsed version of the pipeline.
@@ -181,7 +191,9 @@ private:
     // {$hint: <String>}, where <String> is the index name hinted.
     BSONObj _hint;
 
-    bool _explain = false;
+    // The explain mode to use, or boost::none if this is not a request for an aggregation explain.
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> _explainMode;
+
     bool _allowDiskUse = false;
     bool _fromRouter = false;
     bool _bypassDocumentValidation = false;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request_test.cpp
index 45313fc8a1e..a40bca8d8d1 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request_test.cpp
@@ -58,7 +58,8 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldParseAllKnownOptions) {
         "bypassDocumentValidation: true, collation: {locale: 'en_US'}, cursor: {batchSize: 10}, "
         "hint: {a: 1}}");
     auto request = unittest::assertGet(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(request.isExplain());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(request.getExplain());
+    ASSERT(*request.getExplain() == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
     ASSERT_TRUE(request.shouldAllowDiskUse());
     ASSERT_TRUE(request.isFromRouter());
     ASSERT_TRUE(request.shouldBypassDocumentValidation());
@@ -69,6 +70,33 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldParseAllKnownOptions) {
                            << "en_US"));
 }
 
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldParseExplicitExplainFalseWithCursorOption) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: [], explain: false, cursor: {batchSize: 10}}");
+    auto request = unittest::assertGet(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(request.getExplain());
+    ASSERT_EQ(request.getBatchSize(), 10);
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldParseWithSeparateQueryPlannerExplainModeArg) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: []}");
+    auto request = unittest::assertGet(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(
+        nss, inputBson, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(request.getExplain());
+    ASSERT(*request.getExplain() == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldParseWithSeparateQueryPlannerExplainModeArgAndCursorOption) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: [], cursor: {batchSize: 10}}");
+    auto request = unittest::assertGet(
+        AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(request.getExplain());
+    ASSERT(*request.getExplain() == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
+    ASSERT_EQ(request.getBatchSize(), 10);
+}
+
 //
 // Serialization
 //
@@ -87,7 +115,7 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldOnlySerializeRequiredFieldsIfNoOptionalFields
 TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldNotSerializeOptionalValuesIfEquivalentToDefault) {
     NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
     AggregationRequest request(nss, {});
-    request.setExplain(false);
+    request.setExplain(boost::none);
     request.setAllowDiskUse(false);
     request.setFromRouter(false);
     request.setBypassDocumentValidation(false);
@@ -104,11 +132,10 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldNotSerializeOptionalValuesIfEquivalentToDefau
 TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldSerializeOptionalValuesIfSet) {
     NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
     AggregationRequest request(nss, {});
-    request.setExplain(true);
     request.setAllowDiskUse(true);
     request.setFromRouter(true);
     request.setBypassDocumentValidation(true);
-    request.setBatchSize(10);  // batchSize not serialzed when explain is true.
+    request.setBatchSize(10);
     const auto hintObj = BSON("a" << 1);
     request.setHint(hintObj);
     const auto collationObj = BSON("locale"
@@ -118,11 +145,12 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldSerializeOptionalValuesIfSet) {
     auto expectedSerialization =
         Document{{AggregationRequest::kCommandName, nss.coll()},
                  {AggregationRequest::kPipelineName, Value(std::vector<Value>{})},
-                 {AggregationRequest::kExplainName, true},
                  {AggregationRequest::kAllowDiskUseName, true},
                  {AggregationRequest::kFromRouterName, true},
                  {bypassDocumentValidationCommandOption(), true},
                  {AggregationRequest::kCollationName, collationObj},
+                 {AggregationRequest::kCursorName,
+                  Value(Document({{AggregationRequest::kBatchSizeName, 10}}))},
                  {AggregationRequest::kHintName, hintObj}};
     ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(request.serializeToCommandObj(), expectedSerialization);
 }
@@ -159,6 +187,18 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldAcceptHintAsString) {
                            << "a_1"));
 }
 
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldNotSerializeBatchSizeOrExplainWhenExplainSet) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    AggregationRequest request(nss, {});
+    request.setBatchSize(10);
+    request.setExplain(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
+
+    auto expectedSerialization =
+        Document{{AggregationRequest::kCommandName, nss.coll()},
+                 {AggregationRequest::kPipelineName, Value(std::vector<Value>{})}};
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(request.serializeToCommandObj(), expectedSerialization);
+}
+
 //
 // Error cases.
 //
@@ -201,13 +241,20 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectHintAsArray) {
         AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(NamespaceString("a.collection"), inputBson).getStatus());
 }
 
-TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectNonBoolExplain) {
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainIfNumber) {
     NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
     const BSONObj inputBson =
         fromjson("{pipeline: [{$match: {a: 'abc'}}], cursor: {}, explain: 1}");
     ASSERT_NOT_OK(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson).getStatus());
 }
 
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainIfObject) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson =
+        fromjson("{pipeline: [{$match: {a: 'abc'}}], cursor: {}, explain: {}}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson).getStatus());
+}
+
 TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectNonBoolFromRouter) {
     NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
     const BSONObj inputBson =
@@ -228,6 +275,52 @@ TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectNoCursorNoExplain) {
     ASSERT_NOT_OK(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson).getStatus());
 }
 
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainTrueWithSeparateExplainArg) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: [], explain: true}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(
+        AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats)
+            .getStatus());
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainFalseWithSeparateExplainArg) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: [], explain: false}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(
+        AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats)
+            .getStatus());
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainWithReadConcernMajority) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson =
+        fromjson("{pipeline: [], explain: true, readConcern: {level: 'majority'}}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson).getStatus());
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainExecStatsVerbosityWithReadConcernMajority) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: [], readConcern: {level: 'majority'}}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(
+        AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats)
+            .getStatus());
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainWithWriteConcernMajority) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson =
+        fromjson("{pipeline: [], explain: true, writeConcern: {w: 'majority'}}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson).getStatus());
+}
+
+TEST(AggregationRequestTest, ShouldRejectExplainExecStatsVerbosityWithWriteConcernMajority) {
+    NamespaceString nss("a.collection");
+    const BSONObj inputBson = fromjson("{pipeline: [], writeConcern: {w: 'majority'}}");
+    ASSERT_NOT_OK(
+        AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, inputBson, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats)
+            .getStatus());
+}
+
 //
 // Ignore fields parsed elsewhere.
 //
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.cpp
index 440dc762175..ec1d8edfcb3 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.cpp
@@ -198,7 +198,8 @@ void DocumentSource::dispose() {
     }
 }
 
-void DocumentSource::serializeToArray(vector<Value>& array, bool explain) const {
+void DocumentSource::serializeToArray(vector<Value>& array,
+                                      boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     Value entry = serialize(explain);
     if (!entry.missing()) {
         array.push_back(entry);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h
index 0dd3b7b3154..b6ef71d1480 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/lite_parsed_document_source.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/value.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 #include "mongo/stdx/functional.h"
 #include "mongo/util/intrusive_counter.h"
 
@@ -244,11 +245,15 @@ public:
     /**
      * In the default case, serializes the DocumentSource and adds it to the std::vector<Value>.
      *
-     * A subclass may choose to overwrite this, rather than serialize,
-     * if it should output multiple stages (eg, $sort sometimes also outputs a $limit).
+     * A subclass may choose to overwrite this, rather than serialize, if it should output multiple
+     * stages (eg, $sort sometimes also outputs a $limit).
+     *
+     * The 'explain' parameter indicates the explain verbosity mode, or is equal boost::none if no
+     * explain is requested.
      */
-
-    virtual void serializeToArray(std::vector<Value>& array, bool explain = false) const;
+    virtual void serializeToArray(
+        std::vector<Value>& array,
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const;
 
     /**
      * Returns true if doesn't require an input source (most DocumentSources do).
@@ -473,8 +478,12 @@ private:
      * This is used by the default implementation of serializeToArray() to add this object
      * to a pipeline being serialized. Returning a missing() Value results in no entry
      * being added to the array for this stage (DocumentSource).
+     *
+     * The 'explain' parameter indicates the explain verbosity mode, or is equal boost::none if no
+     * explain is requested.
      */
-    virtual Value serialize(bool explain = false) const = 0;
+    virtual Value serialize(
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const = 0;
 };
 
 /** This class marks DocumentSources that should be split between the merger and the shards.
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.cpp
index b02e8d0226f..f2015df5f64 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.cpp
@@ -333,10 +333,11 @@ void DocumentSourceBucketAuto::dispose() {
     pSource->dispose();
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceBucketAuto::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceBucketAuto::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     MutableDocument insides;
 
-    insides["groupBy"] = _groupByExpression->serialize(explain);
+    insides["groupBy"] = _groupByExpression->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain));
     insides["buckets"] = Value(_nBuckets);
 
     if (_granularityRounder) {
@@ -347,8 +348,8 @@ Value DocumentSourceBucketAuto::serialize(bool explain) const {
     MutableDocument outputSpec(nOutputFields);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < nOutputFields; i++) {
         intrusive_ptr<Accumulator> accum = _accumulatorFactories[i](pExpCtx);
-        outputSpec[_fieldNames[i]] =
-            Value{Document{{accum->getOpName(), _expressions[i]->serialize(explain)}}};
+        outputSpec[_fieldNames[i]] = Value{
+            Document{{accum->getOpName(), _expressions[i]->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain))}}};
     }
     insides["output"] = outputSpec.freezeToValue();
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.h
index 61f7da30c71..75c3f07b683 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace mongo {
  */
 class DocumentSourceBucketAuto final : public DocumentSource, public SplittableDocumentSource {
 public:
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final;
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     void dispose() final;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto_test.cpp
index 2d71b676024..debd2eede82 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_auto_test.cpp
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ public:
         auto bucketAutoStage = createBucketAuto(bucketAutoSpec);
         assertBucketAutoType(bucketAutoStage);
 
-        const bool explain = true;
         vector<Value> explainedStages;
-        bucketAutoStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
+        bucketAutoStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages,
+                                          ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
         ASSERT_EQUALS(explainedStages.size(), 1UL);
 
         Value expectedExplain = Value(expectedObj);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_test.cpp
index bdfb3635bb7..1a61934dcb5 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_bucket_test.cpp
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public:
 
         // Serialize the DocumentSourceGroup and DocumentSourceSort from $bucket so that we can
         // check the explain output to make sure $group and $sort have the correct fields.
-        const bool explain = true;
+        auto explain = ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner;
         vector<Value> explainedStages;
         groupStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
         sortStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.cpp
index 30ebb4916fc..56ebaca69e3 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.cpp
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ bool DocumentSourceCollStats::isValidInitialSource() const {
     return true;
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceCollStats::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceCollStats::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(Document{{getSourceName(), _collStatsSpec}});
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.h
index d8cf2eb6718..9e5aa2a4f3f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_coll_stats.h
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public:
 
     bool isValidInitialSource() const final;
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     static boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> createFromBson(
         BSONElement elem, const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& pExpCtx);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_count_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_count_test.cpp
index 5535ee5ea83..e083399b0fa 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_count_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_count_test.cpp
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public:
             dynamic_cast<DocumentSourceSingleDocumentTransformation*>(result[1].get());
         ASSERT(projectStage);
 
-        const bool explain = true;
+        auto explain = ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner;
         vector<Value> explainedStages;
         groupStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
         projectStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp
index 276a16196bc..ae62da0a978 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ void DocumentSourceCursor::recordPlanSummaryStats() {
     _planSummaryStats.hasSortStage = hasSortStage;
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceCursor::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceCursor::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     // we never parse a documentSourceCursor, so we only serialize for explain
     if (!explain)
         return Value();
@@ -187,8 +187,7 @@ Value DocumentSourceCursor::serialize(bool explain) const {
         massert(17392, "No _exec. Were we disposed before explained?", _exec);
 
         _exec->restoreState();
-        Explain::explainStages(
-            _exec.get(), autoColl.getCollection(), ExplainCommon::QUERY_PLANNER, &explainBuilder);
+        Explain::explainStages(_exec.get(), autoColl.getCollection(), *explain, &explainBuilder);
 
         _exec->saveState();
     }
@@ -209,6 +208,10 @@ Value DocumentSourceCursor::serialize(bool explain) const {
     BSONObj explainObj = explainBuilder.obj();
     invariant(explainObj.hasField("queryPlanner"));
     out["queryPlanner"] = Value(explainObj["queryPlanner"]);
+    if (*explain >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
+        invariant(explainObj.hasField("executionStats"));
+        out["executionStats"] = Value(explainObj["executionStats"]);
+    }
 
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << out.freezeToValue()));
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.h
index 360b855ad39..3faeea86de6 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.h
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public:
      */
     Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator doOptimizeAt(Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator itr,
                                                      Pipeline::SourceContainer* container) final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     bool isValidInitialSource() const final {
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.cpp
index 9b03b233051..0842f7f68bf 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.cpp
@@ -179,11 +179,11 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceFacet::getNext() {
     return resultDoc.freeze();
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceFacet::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceFacet::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     MutableDocument serialized;
     for (auto&& facet : _facets) {
-        serialized[facet.name] =
-            Value(explain ? facet.pipeline->writeExplainOps() : facet.pipeline->serialize());
+        serialized[facet.name] = Value(explain ? facet.pipeline->writeExplainOps(*explain)
+                                               : facet.pipeline->serialize());
     }
     return Value(Document{{"$facet", serialized.freezeToValue()}});
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.h
index 921b2e87609..4da558e37a1 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_facet.h
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ private:
     DocumentSourceFacet(std::vector<FacetPipeline> facetPipelines,
                         const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& expCtx);
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     boost::intrusive_ptr<TeeBuffer> _teeBuffer;
     std::vector<FacetPipeline> _facets;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.cpp
index 17e9997bbf5..c971509e373 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.cpp
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceGeoNear::getMergeSource() {
     return DocumentSourceSort::create(pExpCtx, BSON(distanceField->fullPath() << 1), limit);
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceGeoNear::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceGeoNear::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     MutableDocument result;
 
     if (coordsIsArray) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.h
index c38c311a4e5..03bcf304eee 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_geo_near.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public:
     bool isValidInitialSource() const final {
         return true;
     }
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     BSONObjSet getOutputSorts() final {
         return SimpleBSONObjComparator::kInstance.makeBSONObjSet(
             {BSON(distanceField->fullPath() << -1)});
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.cpp
index a11af0a44c3..e8e2cacc108 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.cpp
@@ -390,7 +390,8 @@ void DocumentSourceGraphLookUp::checkMemoryUsage() {
     _cache.evictDownTo(_maxMemoryUsageBytes - _frontierUsageBytes - _visitedUsageBytes);
 }
 
-void DocumentSourceGraphLookUp::serializeToArray(std::vector<Value>& array, bool explain) const {
+void DocumentSourceGraphLookUp::serializeToArray(
+    std::vector<Value>& array, boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     // Serialize default options.
     MutableDocument spec(DOC("from" << _from.coll() << "as" << _as.fullPath() << "connectToField"
                                     << _connectToField.fullPath()
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.h
index 6e94e98b4af..8c14a2ab8fa 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_graph_lookup.h
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ public:
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
     void dispose() final;
     BSONObjSet getOutputSorts() final;
-    void serializeToArray(std::vector<Value>& array, bool explain = false) const final;
+    void serializeToArray(
+        std::vector<Value>& array,
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     /**
      * Returns the 'as' path, and possibly the fields modified by an absorbed $unwind.
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ private:
         boost::optional<long long> maxDepth,
         boost::optional<boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSourceUnwind>> unwindSrc);
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final {
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final {
         // Should not be called; use serializeToArray instead.
         MONGO_UNREACHABLE;
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.cpp
index a70a65c06b9..d4f44850a8f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.cpp
@@ -198,19 +198,19 @@ intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceGroup::optimize() {
     return this;
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceGroup::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceGroup::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     MutableDocument insides;
 
     // Add the _id.
     if (_idFieldNames.empty()) {
         invariant(_idExpressions.size() == 1);
-        insides["_id"] = _idExpressions[0]->serialize(explain);
+        insides["_id"] = _idExpressions[0]->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain));
     } else {
         // Decomposed document case.
         invariant(_idExpressions.size() == _idFieldNames.size());
         MutableDocument md;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < _idExpressions.size(); i++) {
-            md[_idFieldNames[i]] = _idExpressions[i]->serialize(explain);
+            md[_idFieldNames[i]] = _idExpressions[i]->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain));
         }
         insides["_id"] = md.freezeToValue();
     }
@@ -219,8 +219,8 @@ Value DocumentSourceGroup::serialize(bool explain) const {
     const size_t n = vFieldName.size();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
         intrusive_ptr<Accumulator> accum = vpAccumulatorFactory[i](pExpCtx);
-        insides[vFieldName[i]] =
-            Value(DOC(accum->getOpName() << vpExpression[i]->serialize(explain)));
+        insides[vFieldName[i]] = Value(
+            DOC(accum->getOpName() << vpExpression[i]->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain))));
     }
 
     if (_doingMerge) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.h
index e79ce631817..86b973b9e04 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_group.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public:
     // Virtuals from DocumentSource.
     boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> optimize() final;
     GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     void dispose() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.cpp
index 3256f8e5211..863c37119c3 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.cpp
@@ -81,7 +81,8 @@ intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceIndexStats::createFromBson(
     return new DocumentSourceIndexStats(pExpCtx);
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceIndexStats::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceIndexStats::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << Document()));
 }
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.h
index 1c1bc521aeb..26beb7edb8b 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_index_stats.h
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public:
     // virtuals from DocumentSource
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     virtual bool isValidInitialSource() const final {
         return true;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.cpp
index 797c6ed6652..704ba907165 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.cpp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceLimit::getNext() {
     return nextInput;
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceLimit::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceLimit::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(Document{{getSourceName(), _limit}});
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.h
index 9c04213045d..c6660152d66 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_limit.h
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public:
      */
     Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator doOptimizeAt(Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator itr,
                                                      Pipeline::SourceContainer* container) final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final {
         return SEE_NEXT;  // This doesn't affect needed fields
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.cpp
index f173224f202..a474baefe6a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.cpp
@@ -414,7 +414,8 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceLookUp::unwindResult() {
     return output.freeze();
 }
 
-void DocumentSourceLookUp::serializeToArray(std::vector<Value>& array, bool explain) const {
+void DocumentSourceLookUp::serializeToArray(
+    std::vector<Value>& array, boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     MutableDocument output(DOC(
         getSourceName() << DOC("from" << _fromNs.coll() << "as" << _as.fullPath() << "localField"
                                       << _localField.fullPath()
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.h
index e179abfe73e..febdedc0472 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.h
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ public:
 
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    void serializeToArray(std::vector<Value>& array, bool explain = false) const final;
+    void serializeToArray(
+        std::vector<Value>& array,
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     /**
      * Returns the 'as' path, and possibly fields modified by an absorbed $unwind.
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ private:
                          std::string foreignField,
                          const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& pExpCtx);
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final {
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final {
         // Should not be called; use serializeToArray instead.
         MONGO_UNREACHABLE;
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.cpp
index 3107e8b7677..e72377ca04e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.cpp
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ const char* DocumentSourceMatch::getSourceName() const {
     return "$match";
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceMatch::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceMatch::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << Document(getQuery())));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.h
index badfe1ed8b9..faeda447cb3 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_match.h
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public:
     // virtuals from DocumentSource
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> optimize() final;
     BSONObjSet getOutputSorts() final {
         return pSource ? pSource->getOutputSorts()
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.cpp
index b03db6560df..a9f06ef6aea 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.cpp
@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceMergeCursors::createFromBson(
     return new DocumentSourceMergeCursors(std::move(cursorDescriptors), pExpCtx);
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceMergeCursors::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceMergeCursors::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     vector<Value> cursors;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < _cursorDescriptors.size(); i++) {
         cursors.push_back(
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.h
index ad853a9f755..0842ca89bdd 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.h
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public:
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
     void dispose() final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     bool isValidInitialSource() const final {
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.cpp
index 3918bbd5ad7..9f1aab2977b 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.cpp
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ const char* DocumentSourceMock::getSourceName() const {
     return "mock";
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceMock::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceMock::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(Document{{getSourceName(), Document()}});
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.h
index 7b966f5c418..74973f3fd27 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_mock.h
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ public:
 
     GetNextResult getNext() override;
     const char* getSourceName() const override;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const override;
+    Value serialize(
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const override;
     void dispose() override;
     bool isValidInitialSource() const override {
         return true;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.cpp
index 7dab6365405..0bccc03643d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.cpp
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceOut::createFromBson(
     return new DocumentSourceOut(outputNs, pExpCtx);
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceOut::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceOut::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     massert(
         17000, "$out shouldn't have different db than input", _outputNs.db() == pExpCtx->ns.db());
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.h
index 4e8a678404a..5fca80dfba1 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.h
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public:
     ~DocumentSourceOut() final;
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final;
     bool needsPrimaryShard() const final {
         return true;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.cpp
index 0096017a2f8..ae79729f2e0 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.cpp
@@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceRedact::optimize() {
     return this;
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceRedact::serialize(bool explain) const {
-    return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << _expression.get()->serialize(explain)));
+Value DocumentSourceRedact::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
+    return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << _expression.get()->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain))));
 }
 
 intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> DocumentSourceRedact::createFromBson(
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.h
index b9cf6242d42..8177de12eeb 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_redact.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public:
     static boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> createFromBson(
         BSONElement elem, const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& expCtx);
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
 private:
     DocumentSourceRedact(const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& expCtx,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_replace_root.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_replace_root.cpp
index 1ae82d5cf3a..521cf748784 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_replace_root.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_replace_root.cpp
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ public:
         _newRoot->optimize();
     }
 
-    Document serialize(bool explain) const final {
-        return Document{{"newRoot", _newRoot->serialize(explain)}};
+    Document serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const final {
+        return Document{{"newRoot", _newRoot->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain))}};
     }
 
     DocumentSource::GetDepsReturn addDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.cpp
index c7d98db7260..5117e5c516a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.cpp
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceSample::getNext() {
     return _sortStage->getNext();
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceSample::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceSample::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << DOC("size" << _size)));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.h
index 28f1dd97b05..ec88c0737a8 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class DocumentSourceSample final : public DocumentSource, public SplittableDocum
 public:
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final {
         return SEE_NEXT;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.cpp
index 9fc3b5bf105..ff6c4e6ec16 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.cpp
@@ -138,7 +138,8 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceSampleFromRandomCursor::getNextNonDu
                                "sporadic failure, please try again.");
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceSampleFromRandomCursor::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceSampleFromRandomCursor::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << DOC("size" << _size)));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.h
index 0d0ac39ca49..19b7106b03d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_from_random_cursor.h
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class DocumentSourceSampleFromRandomCursor final : public DocumentSource {
 public:
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final;
 
     static boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSourceSampleFromRandomCursor> create(
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_test.cpp
index 30a59baf22b..528676cb294 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sample_test.cpp
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ private:
      * created with.
      */
     void checkBsonRepresentation(const BSONObj& spec) {
-        Value serialized = static_cast<DocumentSourceSample*>(sample())->serialize(false);
+        Value serialized = static_cast<DocumentSourceSample*>(sample())->serialize();
         auto generatedSpec = serialized.getDocument().toBson();
         ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(spec, generatedSpec);
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.cpp
index 35204d272a4..5fcd0ba5400 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.cpp
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ void DocumentSourceSingleDocumentTransformation::dispose() {
     _parsedTransform.reset();
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceSingleDocumentTransformation::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceSingleDocumentTransformation::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(Document{{getSourceName(), _parsedTransform->serialize(explain)}});
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.h
index 1251cb454a4..86f4607513c 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_single_document_transformation.h
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public:
         virtual ~TransformerInterface() = default;
         virtual Document applyTransformation(Document input) = 0;
         virtual void optimize() = 0;
-        virtual Document serialize(bool explain) const = 0;
+        virtual Document serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const = 0;
         virtual DocumentSource::GetDepsReturn addDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const = 0;
         virtual GetModPathsReturn getModifiedPaths() const = 0;
     };
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public:
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> optimize() final;
     void dispose() final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator doOptimizeAt(Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator itr,
                                                      Pipeline::SourceContainer* container) final;
     DocumentSource::GetDepsReturn getDependencies(DepsTracker* deps) const final;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.cpp
index 114a2f7d1b4..61125a879f4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.cpp
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceSkip::getNext() {
     return pSource->getNext();
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceSkip::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceSkip::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << _nToSkip));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.h
index 92d087e3c75..46cb6a6f3ab 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_skip.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public:
      */
     Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator doOptimizeAt(Pipeline::SourceContainer::iterator itr,
                                                      Pipeline::SourceContainer* container) final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     boost::intrusive_ptr<DocumentSource> optimize() final;
     BSONObjSet getOutputSorts() final {
         return pSource ? pSource->getOutputSorts()
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.cpp
index 6554a892016..b32b94760d9 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.cpp
@@ -79,16 +79,17 @@ DocumentSource::GetNextResult DocumentSourceSort::getNext() {
     return _output->next().second;
 }
 
-void DocumentSourceSort::serializeToArray(vector<Value>& array, bool explain) const {
+void DocumentSourceSort::serializeToArray(
+    std::vector<Value>& array, boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     if (explain) {  // always one Value for combined $sort + $limit
-        array.push_back(
-            Value(DOC(getSourceName()
-                      << DOC("sortKey" << serializeSortKey(explain) << "mergePresorted"
-                                       << (_mergingPresorted ? Value(true) : Value())
-                                       << "limit"
-                                       << (limitSrc ? Value(limitSrc->getLimit()) : Value())))));
+        array.push_back(Value(
+            DOC(getSourceName() << DOC(
+                    "sortKey" << serializeSortKey(static_cast<bool>(explain)) << "mergePresorted"
+                              << (_mergingPresorted ? Value(true) : Value())
+                              << "limit"
+                              << (limitSrc ? Value(limitSrc->getLimit()) : Value())))));
     } else {  // one Value for $sort and maybe a Value for $limit
-        MutableDocument inner(serializeSortKey(explain));
+        MutableDocument inner(serializeSortKey(static_cast<bool>(explain)));
         if (_mergingPresorted)
             inner["$mergePresorted"] = Value(true);
         array.push_back(Value(DOC(getSourceName() << inner.freeze())));
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.h
index d9266011a55..52d2ff2b687 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort.h
@@ -43,7 +43,9 @@ public:
     // virtuals from DocumentSource
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    void serializeToArray(std::vector<Value>& array, bool explain = false) const final;
+    void serializeToArray(
+        std::vector<Value>& array,
+        boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
     GetModPathsReturn getModifiedPaths() const final {
         // A $sort does not modify any paths.
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ public:
 private:
     explicit DocumentSourceSort(const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& pExpCtx);
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final {
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final {
         MONGO_UNREACHABLE;  // Should call serializeToArray instead.
     }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort_by_count_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort_by_count_test.cpp
index 82e4aa6fb56..3e0a007c59b 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort_by_count_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_sort_by_count_test.cpp
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public:
 
         // Serialize the DocumentSourceGroup and DocumentSourceSort from $sortByCount so that we can
         // check the explain output to make sure $group and $sort have the correct fields.
-        const bool explain = true;
+        const auto explain = ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner;
         vector<Value> explainedStages;
         groupStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
         sortStage->serializeToArray(explainedStages, explain);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.cpp
index 052bf7bad7b..c620fba222a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.cpp
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ void DocumentSourceTeeConsumer::dispose() {
     _bufferSource->dispose(_facetId);
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceTeeConsumer::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceTeeConsumer::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     // This stage will be inserted into the beginning of a pipeline, but should not show up in the
     // explain output.
     return Value();
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.h
index bfdbfbda1cb..cebeaee9a2e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_tee_consumer.h
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public:
         return GetDepsReturn::SEE_NEXT;
     }
 
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
 
 private:
     DocumentSourceTeeConsumer(const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext>& expCtx,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.cpp
index 683069597e0..079439bd842 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.cpp
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ DocumentSource::GetModPathsReturn DocumentSourceUnwind::getModifiedPaths() const
     return {GetModPathsReturn::Type::kFiniteSet, std::move(modifiedFields)};
 }
 
-Value DocumentSourceUnwind::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Value DocumentSourceUnwind::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return Value(DOC(getSourceName() << DOC(
                          "path" << _unwindPath.fullPathWithPrefix() << "preserveNullAndEmptyArrays"
                                 << (_preserveNullAndEmptyArrays ? Value(true) : Value())
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.h
index 9a9c466d037..53fbd33d083 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_unwind.h
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public:
     // virtuals from DocumentSource
     GetNextResult getNext() final;
     const char* getSourceName() const final;
-    Value serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Value serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain = boost::none) const final;
     BSONObjSet getOutputSorts() final;
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.cpp
index 5bccef201ae..2b149b1af9c 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.cpp
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ ExpressionContext::ExpressionContext(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                      const AggregationRequest& request,
                                      std::unique_ptr<CollatorInterface> collator,
                                      StringMap<ResolvedNamespace> resolvedNamespaces)
-    : isExplain(request.isExplain()),
+    : explain(request.getExplain()),
       inShard(request.isFromRouter()),
       extSortAllowed(request.shouldAllowDiskUse()),
       bypassDocumentValidation(request.shouldBypassDocumentValidation()),
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ void ExpressionContext::setCollator(std::unique_ptr<CollatorInterface> coll) {
 intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> ExpressionContext::copyWith(NamespaceString ns) const {
     intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> expCtx = new ExpressionContext();
 
-    expCtx->isExplain = isExplain;
+    expCtx->explain = explain;
     expCtx->inShard = inShard;
     expCtx->inRouter = inRouter;
     expCtx->extSortAllowed = extSortAllowed;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h
index af6d7d199c9..4d4c0b75f3a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <boost/intrusive_ptr.hpp>
+#include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_comparator.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/value_comparator.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/collation/collator_interface.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 #include "mongo/util/intrusive_counter.h"
 #include "mongo/util/string_map.h"
 
@@ -98,7 +100,9 @@ public:
         return it->second;
     };
 
-    bool isExplain = false;
+    // The explain verbosity requested by the user, or boost::none if no explain was requested.
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain;
+
     bool inShard = false;
     bool inRouter = false;
     bool extSortAllowed = false;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields.h
index 2213191f6c8..8cc3d24f913 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields.h
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public:
         _variables = stdx::make_unique<Variables>(idGenerator.getIdCount());
     }
 
-    Document serialize(bool explain = false) const final {
+    Document serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const final {
         MutableDocument output;
         _root->serialize(&output, explain);
         return output.freeze();
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields_test.cpp
index d7b68afca1d..c9adc2b1a36 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_add_fields_test.cpp
@@ -176,8 +176,13 @@ TEST(ParsedAddFieldsSerialize, SerializesToCorrectForm) {
         fromjson("{a: {$add: [\"$a\", {$const: 2}]}, b: {d: {$const: 3}}, x: {y: {$const: 4}}}"));
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 // Verify that serialize treats the _id field as any other field: including when explicity included.
@@ -190,8 +195,13 @@ TEST(ParsedAddFieldsSerialize, AddsIdToSerializeWhenExplicitlyIncluded) {
     auto expectedSerialization = Document(fromjson("{_id: {$const: false}}"));
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 // Verify that serialize treats the _id field as any other field: excluded when not explicitly
@@ -207,8 +217,13 @@ TEST(ParsedAddFieldsSerialize, OmitsIdFromSerializeWhenNotIncluded) {
     auto expectedSerialization = Document(fromjson("{a: {$const: true}}"));
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 // Verify that the $addFields stage optimizes expressions into simpler forms when possible.
@@ -220,8 +235,13 @@ TEST(ParsedAddFieldsOptimize, OptimizesTopLevelExpressions) {
     auto expectedSerialization = Document{{"a", Document{{"$const", 3}}}};
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 // Verify that the $addFields stage optimizes expressions even when they are nested.
@@ -233,8 +253,13 @@ TEST(ParsedAddFieldsOptimize, ShouldOptimizeNestedExpressions) {
     auto expectedSerialization = Document{{"a", Document{{"b", Document{{"$const", 3}}}}}};
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, addition.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       addition.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 //
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.cpp
index 0f800f9a112..ae3fa4ba2dc 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.cpp
@@ -135,7 +135,8 @@ void ExclusionNode::addModifiedPaths(std::set<std::string>* modifiedPaths) const
 // ParsedExclusionProjection.
 //
 
-Document ParsedExclusionProjection::serialize(bool explain) const {
+Document ParsedExclusionProjection::serialize(
+    boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     return _root->serialize();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.h
index d0988d2d2cb..74314d97439 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection.h
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public:
         return ProjectionType::kExclusion;
     }
 
-    Document serialize(bool explain = false) const final;
+    Document serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const final;
 
     /**
      * Parses the projection specification given by 'spec', populating internal data structures.
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection_test.cpp
index 76b458260d0..f0e860067f7 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_exclusion_projection_test.cpp
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ TEST(ExclusionProjection, ShouldSerializeToEquivalentProjection) {
 
     // Converts numbers to bools, converts dotted paths to nested documents. Note order of excluded
     // fields is subject to change.
-    auto serialization = exclusion.serialize();
+    auto serialization = exclusion.serialize(boost::none);
     ASSERT_EQ(serialization.size(), 4UL);
     ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(serialization["a"], Value(false));
     ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(serialization["_id"], Value(false));
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.cpp
index d294761852f..da6b9e72ce9 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.cpp
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ void InclusionNode::optimize() {
     }
 }
 
-void InclusionNode::serialize(MutableDocument* output, bool explain) const {
+void InclusionNode::serialize(MutableDocument* output,
+                              boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const {
     // Always put "_id" first if it was included (implicitly or explicitly).
     if (_inclusions.find("_id") != _inclusions.end()) {
         output->addField("_id", Value(true));
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ void InclusionNode::serialize(MutableDocument* output, bool explain) const {
         } else {
             auto expressionIt = _expressions.find(field);
             invariant(expressionIt != _expressions.end());
-            output->addField(field, expressionIt->second->serialize(explain));
+            output->addField(field, expressionIt->second->serialize(static_cast<bool>(explain)));
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.h
index ec4f8d0466b..1c0a667b025 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection.h
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ public:
     /**
      * Serialize this projection.
      */
-    void serialize(MutableDocument* output, bool explain) const;
+    void serialize(MutableDocument* output,
+                   boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const;
 
     /**
      * Adds dependencies of any fields that need to be included, or that are used by any
@@ -197,7 +198,7 @@ public:
     /**
      * Serialize the projection.
      */
-    Document serialize(bool explain = false) const final {
+    Document serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> explain) const final {
         MutableDocument output;
         if (_idExcluded) {
             output.addField("_id", Value(false));
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection_test.cpp
index c2610418a40..a0e7398ef6f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/parsed_inclusion_projection_test.cpp
@@ -141,8 +141,13 @@ TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldSerializeToEquivalentProjection) {
         "{_id: true, a: {$add: [\"$a\", {$const: 2}]}, b: {d: true}, x: {y: {$const: 4}}}"));
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldSerializeExplicitExclusionOfId) {
@@ -154,8 +159,13 @@ TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldSerializeExplicitExclusionOfId) {
     auto expectedSerialization = Document{{"_id", false}, {"a", true}};
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 
@@ -169,8 +179,13 @@ TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldOptimizeTopLevelExpressions) {
     auto expectedSerialization = Document{{"_id", true}, {"a", Document{{"$const", 3}}}};
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldOptimizeNestedExpressions) {
@@ -184,8 +199,13 @@ TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldOptimizeNestedExpressions) {
         Document{{"_id", true}, {"a", Document{{"b", Document{{"$const", 3}}}}}};
 
     // Should be the same if we're serializing for explain or for internal use.
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(false));
-    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(true));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization, inclusion.serialize(boost::none));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_DOCUMENT_EQ(expectedSerialization,
+                       inclusion.serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
 }
 
 TEST(InclusionProjection, ShouldReportThatAllExceptIncludedFieldsAreModified) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.cpp
index 5c13f710b40..027f4527aa0 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.cpp
@@ -320,10 +320,10 @@ boost::optional<Document> Pipeline::getNext() {
                               : boost::optional<Document>{nextResult.releaseDocument()};
 }
 
-vector<Value> Pipeline::writeExplainOps() const {
+vector<Value> Pipeline::writeExplainOps(ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity) const {
     vector<Value> array;
     for (SourceContainer::const_iterator it = _sources.begin(); it != _sources.end(); ++it) {
-        (*it)->serializeToArray(array, /*explain=*/true);
+        (*it)->serializeToArray(array, verbosity);
     }
     return array;
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h
index 3aceb6c28f0..4f15289efef 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline.h
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/dependencies.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/value.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 #include "mongo/util/intrusive_counter.h"
 #include "mongo/util/timer.h"
 
@@ -148,10 +149,10 @@ public:
     boost::optional<Document> getNext();
 
     /**
-     * Write the pipeline's operators to a std::vector<Value>, with the
-     * explain flag true (for DocumentSource::serializeToArray()).
+     * Write the pipeline's operators to a std::vector<Value>, providing the level of detail
+     * specified by 'verbosity'.
      */
-    std::vector<Value> writeExplainOps() const;
+    std::vector<Value> writeExplainOps(ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity) const;
 
     /**
      * Returns the dependencies needed by this pipeline. 'metadataAvailable' should reflect what
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline_test.cpp
index 098371f5cd7..aed8f8d6889 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/pipeline_test.cpp
@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ public:
         auto outputPipe = uassertStatusOK(Pipeline::parse(request.getPipeline(), ctx));
         outputPipe->optimizePipeline();
 
-        ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(Value(outputPipe->writeExplainOps()),
-                        Value(outputPipeExpected["pipeline"]));
+        ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(
+            Value(outputPipe->writeExplainOps(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner)),
+            Value(outputPipeExpected["pipeline"]));
         ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(Value(outputPipe->serialize()), Value(serializePipeExpected["pipeline"]));
     }
 
@@ -963,8 +964,10 @@ public:
         shardPipe = mergePipe->splitForSharded();
         ASSERT(shardPipe != nullptr);
 
-        ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(Value(shardPipe->writeExplainOps()), Value(shardPipeExpected["pipeline"]));
-        ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(Value(mergePipe->writeExplainOps()), Value(mergePipeExpected["pipeline"]));
+        ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(Value(shardPipe->writeExplainOps(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner)),
+                        Value(shardPipeExpected["pipeline"]));
+        ASSERT_VALUE_EQ(Value(mergePipe->writeExplainOps(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner)),
+                        Value(mergePipeExpected["pipeline"]));
     }
 
     virtual ~Base() {}
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/SConscript b/src/mongo/db/query/SConscript
index 09253fa31e1..0a97fe2d7e9 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/SConscript
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/SConscript
@@ -96,18 +96,38 @@ env.Library(
     source=[
         "collation/collator_factory_icu_decoration.cpp",
         "find_common.cpp",
-        "explain_common.cpp",
         "parsed_distinct.cpp",
     ],
     LIBDEPS=[
         "$BUILD_DIR/mongo/base",
         "$BUILD_DIR/mongo/util/fail_point",
         "collation/collator_icu",
+        "explain_options",
         "query_planner",
         "query_request",
     ],
 )
 
+env.Library(
+    target="explain_options",
+    source=[
+        "explain_options.cpp",
+    ],
+    LIBDEPS=[
+        "$BUILD_DIR/mongo/base",
+    ],
+)
+
+env.CppUnitTest(
+    target="explain_options_test",
+    source=[
+        "explain_options_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    LIBDEPS=[
+        "explain_options",
+    ],
+)
+
 env.CppUnitTest(
     target="parsed_distinct_test",
     source=[
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/count_request.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/count_request.cpp
index 6abddd36ec1..3451cd7989d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/count_request.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/count_request.cpp
@@ -171,10 +171,6 @@ StatusWith<BSONObj> CountRequest::asAggregationCommand() const {
     pipelineBuilder.doneFast();
 
     // Complete the command by appending the other options to count.
-    if (_explain) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append(kExplainField, _explain);
-    }
-
     if (_collation) {
         aggregationBuilder.append(kCollationField, *_collation);
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/count_request_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/count_request_test.cpp
index e2a40f87ccf..8508c75ead6 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/count_request_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/count_request_test.cpp
@@ -271,15 +271,17 @@ TEST(CountRequest, ConvertToAggregationWithQueryAndFilterAndLimit) {
                       SimpleBSONObjComparator::kInstance.makeEqualTo()));
 }
 
-TEST(CountRequest, ConvertToAggregationWithExplain) {
+TEST(CountRequest, ConvertToAggregationOmitsExplain) {
     CountRequest countRequest(testns, BSONObj());
     countRequest.setExplain(true);
     auto agg = countRequest.asAggregationCommand();
     ASSERT_OK(agg);
 
+    ASSERT_FALSE(agg.getValue().hasField("explain"));
+
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp
index 7d83021dbd5..eb43caf5047 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ using mongoutils::str::stream;
 
 // static
 void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
-                          ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                          ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                           BSONObjBuilder* bob,
                           BSONObjBuilder* topLevelBob) {
     invariant(bob);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     }
 
     // Some top-level exec stats get pulled out of the root stage.
-    if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+    if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
         bob->appendNumber("nReturned", stats.common.advanced);
         bob->appendNumber("executionTimeMillisEstimate", stats.common.executionTimeMillis);
         bob->appendNumber("works", stats.common.works);
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     if (STAGE_AND_HASH == stats.stageType) {
         AndHashStats* spec = static_cast<AndHashStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("memUsage", spec->memUsage);
             bob->appendNumber("memLimit", spec->memLimit);
 
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     } else if (STAGE_AND_SORTED == stats.stageType) {
         AndSortedStats* spec = static_cast<AndSortedStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("flagged", spec->flagged);
             for (size_t i = 0; i < spec->failedAnd.size(); ++i) {
                 bob->appendNumber(string(stream() << "failedAnd_" << i), spec->failedAnd[i]);
@@ -308,20 +308,20 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     } else if (STAGE_COLLSCAN == stats.stageType) {
         CollectionScanStats* spec = static_cast<CollectionScanStats*>(stats.specific.get());
         bob->append("direction", spec->direction > 0 ? "forward" : "backward");
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("docsExamined", spec->docsTested);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_COUNT == stats.stageType) {
         CountStats* spec = static_cast<CountStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("nCounted", spec->nCounted);
             bob->appendNumber("nSkipped", spec->nSkipped);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_COUNT_SCAN == stats.stageType) {
         CountScanStats* spec = static_cast<CountScanStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("keysExamined", spec->keysExamined);
         }
 
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     } else if (STAGE_DELETE == stats.stageType) {
         DeleteStats* spec = static_cast<DeleteStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("nWouldDelete", spec->docsDeleted);
             bob->appendNumber("nInvalidateSkips", spec->nInvalidateSkips);
         }
@@ -376,18 +376,18 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
             bob->append("indexBounds", spec->indexBounds);
         }
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("keysExamined", spec->keysExamined);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_ENSURE_SORTED == stats.stageType) {
         EnsureSortedStats* spec = static_cast<EnsureSortedStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("nDropped", spec->nDropped);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_FETCH == stats.stageType) {
         FetchStats* spec = static_cast<FetchStats*>(stats.specific.get());
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("docsExamined", spec->docsExamined);
             bob->appendNumber("alreadyHasObj", spec->alreadyHasObj);
         }
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
         bob->append("indexName", spec->indexName);
         bob->append("indexVersion", spec->indexVersion);
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             BSONArrayBuilder intervalsBob(bob->subarrayStart("searchIntervals"));
             for (vector<IntervalStats>::const_iterator it = spec->intervalStats.begin();
                  it != spec->intervalStats.end();
@@ -414,12 +414,12 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
         }
     } else if (STAGE_GROUP == stats.stageType) {
         GroupStats* spec = static_cast<GroupStats*>(stats.specific.get());
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("nGroups", spec->nGroups);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_IDHACK == stats.stageType) {
         IDHackStats* spec = static_cast<IDHackStats*>(stats.specific.get());
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("keysExamined", spec->keysExamined);
             bob->appendNumber("docsExamined", spec->docsExamined);
         }
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
             bob->append("indexBounds", spec->indexBounds);
         }
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("keysExamined", spec->keysExamined);
             bob->appendNumber("seeks", spec->seeks);
             bob->appendNumber("dupsTested", spec->dupsTested);
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     } else if (STAGE_OR == stats.stageType) {
         OrStats* spec = static_cast<OrStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("dupsTested", spec->dupsTested);
             bob->appendNumber("dupsDropped", spec->dupsDropped);
             bob->appendNumber("recordIdsForgotten", spec->recordIdsForgotten);
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     } else if (STAGE_SHARDING_FILTER == stats.stageType) {
         ShardingFilterStats* spec = static_cast<ShardingFilterStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("chunkSkips", spec->chunkSkips);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_SKIP == stats.stageType) {
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
         SortStats* spec = static_cast<SortStats*>(stats.specific.get());
         bob->append("sortPattern", spec->sortPattern);
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("memUsage", spec->memUsage);
             bob->appendNumber("memLimit", spec->memLimit);
         }
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
         MergeSortStats* spec = static_cast<MergeSortStats*>(stats.specific.get());
         bob->append("sortPattern", spec->sortPattern);
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("dupsTested", spec->dupsTested);
             bob->appendNumber("dupsDropped", spec->dupsDropped);
         }
@@ -507,19 +507,19 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
     } else if (STAGE_TEXT_MATCH == stats.stageType) {
         TextMatchStats* spec = static_cast<TextMatchStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("docsRejected", spec->docsRejected);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_TEXT_OR == stats.stageType) {
         TextOrStats* spec = static_cast<TextOrStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("docsExamined", spec->fetches);
         }
     } else if (STAGE_UPDATE == stats.stageType) {
         UpdateStats* spec = static_cast<UpdateStats*>(stats.specific.get());
 
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
             bob->appendNumber("nMatched", spec->nMatched);
             bob->appendNumber("nWouldModify", spec->nModified);
             bob->appendNumber("nInvalidateSkips", spec->nInvalidateSkips);
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
 }
 
 // static
-BSONObj Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats, ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity) {
+BSONObj Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats, ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity) {
     BSONObjBuilder bob;
     statsToBSON(stats, &bob, verbosity);
     return bob.obj();
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ BSONObj Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats, ExplainCommon::Verbosi
 // static
 void Explain::statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
                           BSONObjBuilder* bob,
-                          ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity) {
+                          ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity) {
     statsToBSON(stats, verbosity, bob, bob);
 }
 
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ void Explain::getWinningPlanStats(const PlanExecutor* exec, BSONObjBuilder* bob)
         mps ? std::move(mps->getStats()->children[mps->bestPlanIdx()])
             : std::move(exec->getRootStage()->getStats()));
 
-    statsToBSON(*winningStats, ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS, bob, bob);
+    statsToBSON(*winningStats, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats, bob, bob);
 }
 
 // static
@@ -627,14 +627,14 @@ void Explain::generatePlannerInfo(PlanExecutor* exec,
     }
 
     BSONObjBuilder winningPlanBob(plannerBob.subobjStart("winningPlan"));
-    statsToBSON(*winnerStats, &winningPlanBob, ExplainCommon::QUERY_PLANNER);
+    statsToBSON(*winnerStats, &winningPlanBob, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
     winningPlanBob.doneFast();
 
     // Genenerate array of rejected plans.
     BSONArrayBuilder allPlansBob(plannerBob.subarrayStart("rejectedPlans"));
     for (size_t i = 0; i < rejectedStats.size(); i++) {
         BSONObjBuilder childBob(allPlansBob.subobjStart());
-        statsToBSON(*rejectedStats[i], &childBob, ExplainCommon::QUERY_PLANNER);
+        statsToBSON(*rejectedStats[i], &childBob, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
     }
     allPlansBob.doneFast();
 
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ void Explain::generatePlannerInfo(PlanExecutor* exec,
 
 // static
 void Explain::generateExecStats(PlanStageStats* stats,
-                                ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                                ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                                 BSONObjBuilder* out,
                                 boost::optional<long long> totalTimeMillis) {
     out->appendNumber("nReturned", stats->common.advanced);
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ void Explain::generateServerInfo(BSONObjBuilder* out) {
 // static
 void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
                             const Collection* collection,
-                            ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                            ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                             BSONObjBuilder* out) {
     //
     // Collect plan stats, running the plan if necessary. The stats also give the structure of the
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
     // Get stats of the winning plan from the trial period, if the verbosity level is high enough
     // and there was a runoff between multiple plans.
     unique_ptr<PlanStageStats> winningStatsTrial;
-    if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_ALL_PLANS && mps) {
+    if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans && mps) {
         winningStatsTrial = std::move(mps->getStats()->children[mps->bestPlanIdx()]);
         invariant(winningStatsTrial.get());
     }
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
 
     // If we need execution stats, then run the plan in order to gather the stats.
     Status executePlanStatus = Status::OK();
-    if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+    if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
         executePlanStatus = exec->executePlan();
     }
 
@@ -746,11 +746,11 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
     // Use the stats trees to produce explain BSON.
     //
 
-    if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::QUERY_PLANNER) {
+    if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner) {
         generatePlannerInfo(exec, collection, winningStats.get(), allPlansStats, out);
     }
 
-    if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS) {
+    if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
         BSONObjBuilder execBob(out->subobjStart("executionStats"));
 
         // If there is an execution error while running the query, the error is reported under
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
 
         // Also generate exec stats for all plans, if the verbosity level is high enough.
         // These stats reflect what happened during the trial period that ranked the plans.
-        if (verbosity >= ExplainCommon::EXEC_ALL_PLANS) {
+        if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans) {
             // If we ranked multiple plans against each other, then add stats collected
             // from the trial period of the winning plan. The "allPlansExecution" section
             // will contain an apples-to-apples comparison of the winning plan's stats against
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h
index fb9b8d56c2a..8202cbfbeec 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/exec/plan_stage.h"
 #include "mongo/db/exec/plan_stats.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/canonical_query.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/explain_common.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_executor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/query_planner_params.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/query_solution.h"
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public:
      */
     static void explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
                               const Collection* collection,
-                              ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                              ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                               BSONObjBuilder* out);
 
     /**
@@ -85,8 +85,9 @@ public:
      * Generates the BSON stats at a verbosity specified by 'verbosity'. Defaults
      * to execution stats verbosity.
      */
-    static BSONObj statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
-                               ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity = ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS);
+    static BSONObj statsToBSON(
+        const PlanStageStats& stats,
+        ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity = ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
 
     /**
      * This version of stats tree to BSON conversion returns the result through the
@@ -95,9 +96,10 @@ public:
      * Generates the BSON stats at a verbosity specified by 'verbosity'. Defaults
      * to execution stats verbosity.
      */
-    static void statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
-                            BSONObjBuilder* bob,
-                            ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity = ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS);
+    static void statsToBSON(
+        const PlanStageStats& stats,
+        BSONObjBuilder* bob,
+        ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity = ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
 
     /**
      * Returns a short plan summary std::string describing the leaves of the query plan.
@@ -128,7 +130,7 @@ private:
      * Not used except as a helper to the public statsToBSON(...) functions.
      */
     static void statsToBSON(const PlanStageStats& stats,
-                            ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                            ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                             BSONObjBuilder* bob,
                             BSONObjBuilder* topLevelBob);
 
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ private:
      * This is a helper for generating explain BSON. It is used by explainStages(...).
      */
     static void generateExecStats(PlanStageStats* stats,
-                                  ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                                  ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                                   BSONObjBuilder* out,
                                   boost::optional<long long> totalTimeMillis);
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_common.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_common.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f049de6cec..00000000000
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_common.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-/**
- *    Copyright (C) 2013-2014 MongoDB Inc.
- *
- *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
- *    it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
- *    as published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *    GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
- *
- *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
- *    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- *
- *    As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
- *    code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
- *    conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
- *    linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
- *    must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects for
- *    all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify file(s)
- *    with this exception, you may extend this exception to your version of the
- *    file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not wish to do so,
- *    delete this exception statement from your version. If you delete this
- *    exception statement from all source files in the program, then also delete
- *    it in the license file.
- */
-
-#include "mongo/platform/basic.h"
-
-#include "mongo/db/query/explain_common.h"
-
-#include "mongo/util/mongoutils/str.h"
-
-namespace mongo {
-
-// static
-const char* ExplainCommon::verbosityString(ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity) {
-    switch (verbosity) {
-        case QUERY_PLANNER:
-            return "queryPlanner";
-        case EXEC_STATS:
-            return "executionStats";
-        case EXEC_ALL_PLANS:
-            return "allPlansExecution";
-        default:
-            invariant(0);
-            return "unknown";
-    }
-}
-
-// static
-Status ExplainCommon::parseCmdBSON(const BSONObj& cmdObj, ExplainCommon::Verbosity* verbosity) {
-    if (Object != cmdObj.firstElement().type()) {
-        return Status(ErrorCodes::BadValue, "explain command requires a nested object");
-    }
-
-    *verbosity = ExplainCommon::EXEC_ALL_PLANS;
-    if (!cmdObj["verbosity"].eoo()) {
-        const char* verbStr = cmdObj["verbosity"].valuestrsafe();
-        if (mongoutils::str::equals(verbStr, "queryPlanner")) {
-            *verbosity = ExplainCommon::QUERY_PLANNER;
-        } else if (mongoutils::str::equals(verbStr, "executionStats")) {
-            *verbosity = ExplainCommon::EXEC_STATS;
-        } else if (!mongoutils::str::equals(verbStr, "allPlansExecution")) {
-            return Status(ErrorCodes::BadValue,
-                          "verbosity string must be one of "
-                          "{'queryPlanner', 'executionStats', 'allPlansExecution'}");
-        }
-    }
-
-    return Status::OK();
-}
-
-}  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_common.h b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_common.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 750f207a2a5..00000000000
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_common.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-/**
- *    Copyright (C) 2013-2014 MongoDB Inc.
- *
- *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
- *    it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
- *    as published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *    GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
- *
- *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
- *    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- *
- *    As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
- *    code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
- *    conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
- *    linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
- *    must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects for
- *    all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify file(s)
- *    with this exception, you may extend this exception to your version of the
- *    file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not wish to do so,
- *    delete this exception statement from your version. If you delete this
- *    exception statement from all source files in the program, then also delete
- *    it in the license file.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "mongo/base/status.h"
-#include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
-
-namespace mongo {
-
-/**
- * Utilities used for explain implementations on both mongod and mongos.
- */
-class ExplainCommon {
-public:
-    /**
-     * The various supported verbosity levels for explain. The order is
-     * significant: the enum values are assigned in order of increasing verbosity.
-     */
-    enum Verbosity {
-        // At all verbosities greater than or equal to QUERY_PLANNER, we display information
-        // about the plan selected and alternate rejected plans. Does not include any execution-
-        // related info. String alias is "queryPlanner".
-        QUERY_PLANNER = 0,
-
-        // At all verbosities greater than or equal to EXEC_STATS, we display a section of
-        // output containing both overall execution stats, and stats per stage in the
-        // execution tree. String alias is "execStats".
-        EXEC_STATS = 1,
-
-        // At this verbosity level, we generate the execution stats for each rejected plan as
-        // well as the winning plan. String alias is "allPlansExecution".
-        EXEC_ALL_PLANS = 2,
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * Converts an explain verbosity to its string representation.
-     */
-    static const char* verbosityString(ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity);
-
-    /**
-     * Does some basic validation of the command BSON, and retrieves the explain verbosity.
-     *
-     * Returns a non-OK status if parsing fails.
-     *
-     * On success, populates "verbosity".
-     */
-    static Status parseCmdBSON(const BSONObj& cmdObj, ExplainCommon::Verbosity* verbosity);
-};
-
-}  // namespace
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e81df690250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 MongoDB Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
+ * code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
+ * conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
+ * linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
+ * must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
+ * for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
+ * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
+ * version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
+ * wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
+ * delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
+ * then also delete it in the license file.
+ */
+
+#include "mongo/platform/basic.h"
+
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
+
+#include "mongo/bson/bsonobjbuilder.h"
+#include "mongo/util/assert_util.h"
+
+namespace mongo {
+
+constexpr StringData ExplainOptions::kVerbosityName;
+constexpr StringData ExplainOptions::kQueryPlannerVerbosityStr;
+constexpr StringData ExplainOptions::kExecStatsVerbosityStr;
+constexpr StringData ExplainOptions::kAllPlansExecutionVerbosityStr;
+
+StringData ExplainOptions::verbosityString(ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity) {
+    switch (verbosity) {
+        case Verbosity::kQueryPlanner:
+            return kQueryPlannerVerbosityStr;
+        case Verbosity::kExecStats:
+            return kExecStatsVerbosityStr;
+        case Verbosity::kExecAllPlans:
+            return kAllPlansExecutionVerbosityStr;
+        default:
+            MONGO_UNREACHABLE;
+    }
+}
+
+StatusWith<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(const BSONObj& cmdObj) {
+    if (BSONType::Object != cmdObj.firstElement().type()) {
+        return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "explain command requires a nested object");
+    }
+
+    auto verbosity = Verbosity::kExecAllPlans;
+    if (auto verbosityElt = cmdObj[kVerbosityName]) {
+        if (verbosityElt.type() != BSONType::String) {
+            return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "explain verbosity must be a string");
+        }
+
+        auto verbStr = verbosityElt.valueStringData();
+        if (verbStr == kQueryPlannerVerbosityStr) {
+            verbosity = Verbosity::kQueryPlanner;
+        } else if (verbStr == kExecStatsVerbosityStr) {
+            verbosity = Verbosity::kExecStats;
+        } else if (verbStr != kAllPlansExecutionVerbosityStr) {
+            return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
+                          str::stream() << "verbosity string must be one of {'"
+                                        << kQueryPlannerVerbosityStr
+                                        << "', '"
+                                        << kExecStatsVerbosityStr
+                                        << "', '"
+                                        << kAllPlansExecutionVerbosityStr
+                                        << "'}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return verbosity;
+}
+
+BSONObj ExplainOptions::toBSON(ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity) {
+    BSONObjBuilder explainOptionsBuilder;
+    explainOptionsBuilder.append(kVerbosityName, StringData(verbosityString(verbosity)));
+    return explainOptionsBuilder.obj();
+}
+
+}  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options.h b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..97a3c85ea65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 MongoDB Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
+ * code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
+ * conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
+ * linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
+ * must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
+ * for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
+ * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
+ * version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
+ * wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
+ * delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
+ * then also delete it in the license file.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "mongo/base/status.h"
+#include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
+
+namespace mongo {
+
+/**
+ * Represents options passed to the explain command (aside from the command which is being explained
+ * and its parameters).
+ */
+class ExplainOptions {
+public:
+    /**
+     * The various supported verbosity levels for explain. The order is significant: the enum values
+     * are assigned in order of increasing verbosity.
+     */
+    enum class Verbosity {
+        // At all verbosities greater than or equal to QUERY_PLANNER, we display information about
+        // the plan selected and alternate rejected plans. Does not include any execution- related
+        // info. String alias is "queryPlanner".
+        kQueryPlanner = 0,
+
+        // At all verbosities greater than or equal to EXEC_STATS, we display a section of output
+        // containing both overall execution stats, and stats per stage in the execution tree.
+        // String alias is "execStats".
+        kExecStats = 1,
+
+        // At this verbosity level, we generate the execution stats for each rejected plan as well
+        // as the winning plan. String alias is "allPlansExecution".
+        kExecAllPlans = 2,
+    };
+
+    static constexpr StringData kVerbosityName = "verbosity"_sd;
+
+    // String representations for verbosity levels.
+    static constexpr StringData kQueryPlannerVerbosityStr = "queryPlanner"_sd;
+    static constexpr StringData kExecStatsVerbosityStr = "executionStats"_sd;
+    static constexpr StringData kAllPlansExecutionVerbosityStr = "allPlansExecution"_sd;
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an explain verbosity to its string representation.
+     */
+    static StringData verbosityString(ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity);
+
+    /**
+     * Does some basic validation of the command BSON, then extracts and returns the explain
+     * verbosity.
+     *
+     * Returns a non-OK status if parsing fails.
+     */
+    static StatusWith<ExplainOptions::Verbosity> parseCmdBSON(const BSONObj& cmdObj);
+
+    /**
+     * Converts 'verbosity' to its corresponding representation as a BSONObj containing explain
+     * command parameters.
+     */
+    static BSONObj toBSON(ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity);
+};
+
+}  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c1a2a606263
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain_options_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 MongoDB Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
+ * code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
+ * conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
+ * linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
+ * must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
+ * for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
+ * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
+ * version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
+ * wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
+ * delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
+ * then also delete it in the license file.
+ */
+
+#include "mongo/platform/basic.h"
+
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
+
+#include "mongo/bson/bsonmisc.h"
+#include "mongo/bson/bsonobjbuilder.h"
+#include "mongo/bson/json.h"
+#include "mongo/unittest/unittest.h"
+
+namespace mongo {
+namespace {
+
+TEST(ExplainOptionsTest, VerbosityEnumToStringReturnsCorrectValues) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::verbosityString(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner),
+              "queryPlanner"_sd);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::verbosityString(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats),
+              "executionStats"_sd);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::verbosityString(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans),
+              "allPlansExecution"_sd);
+}
+
+TEST(ExplainOptionsTest, ExplainOptionsSerializeToBSONCorrectly) {
+    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(BSON("verbosity"
+                           << "queryPlanner"),
+                      ExplainOptions::toBSON(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner));
+    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(BSON("verbosity"
+                           << "executionStats"),
+                      ExplainOptions::toBSON(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats));
+    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(BSON("verbosity"
+                           << "allPlansExecution"),
+                      ExplainOptions::toBSON(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans));
+}
+
+TEST(ExplainOptionsTest, CanParseExplainVerbosity) {
+    auto verbosity = unittest::assertGet(
+        ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: {}, verbosity: 'queryPlanner'}")));
+    ASSERT(verbosity == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
+    verbosity = unittest::assertGet(
+        ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: {}, verbosity: 'executionStats'}")));
+    ASSERT(verbosity == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
+    verbosity = unittest::assertGet(
+        ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: {}, verbosity: 'allPlansExecution'}")));
+    ASSERT(verbosity == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans);
+}
+
+TEST(ExplainOptionsTest, ParsingFailsIfVerbosityIsNotAString) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: {}, verbosity: 1}")).getStatus(),
+              ErrorCodes::FailedToParse);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: {}, verbosity: {foo: 'bar'}}"))
+                  .getStatus(),
+              ErrorCodes::FailedToParse);
+}
+
+TEST(ExplainOptionsTest, ParsingFailsIfVerbosityStringIsNotRecognized) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: {}, verbosity: 'badVerbosity'}"))
+                  .getStatus(),
+              ErrorCodes::FailedToParse);
+}
+
+TEST(ExplainOptionsTest, ParsingFailsIfFirstElementIsNotAnObject) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(fromjson("{explain: 1, verbosity: 'queryPlanner'}"))
+                  .getStatus(),
+              ErrorCodes::FailedToParse);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/find.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/find.cpp
index d8c9feb8fde..9f709bd8485 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/find.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/find.cpp
@@ -556,7 +556,8 @@ std::string runQuery(OperationContext* opCtx,
         bb.skip(sizeof(QueryResult::Value));
 
         BSONObjBuilder explainBob;
-        Explain::explainStages(exec.get(), collection, ExplainCommon::EXEC_ALL_PLANS, &explainBob);
+        Explain::explainStages(
+            exec.get(), collection, ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans, &explainBob);
 
         // Add the resulting object to the return buffer.
         BSONObj explainObj = explainBob.obj();
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct.cpp
index 8bd80ff405e..3c3a75c62cd 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct.cpp
@@ -86,9 +86,6 @@ StatusWith<BSONObj> ParsedDistinct::asAggregationCommand() const {
     groupStageBuilder.doneFast();
     pipelineBuilder.doneFast();
 
-    if (_query->getQueryRequest().isExplain()) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append("explain", true);
-    }
     aggregationBuilder.append(kCollationField, qr.getCollation());
 
     // Specify the 'cursor' option so that aggregation uses the cursor interface.
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct_test.cpp
index d53457e500e..3a4f6ccb42e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/parsed_distinct_test.cpp
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ TEST(ParsedDistinctTest, ConvertToAggregationNoQuery) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ TEST(ParsedDistinctTest, ConvertToAggregationWithQuery) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ TEST(ParsedDistinctTest, ConvertToAggregationWithQuery) {
                       SimpleBSONObjComparator::kInstance.makeEqualTo()));
 }
 
-TEST(ParsedDistinctTest, ConvertToAggregationWithExplain) {
+TEST(ParsedDistinctTest, ExplainNotIncludedWhenConvertingToAggregationCommand) {
     QueryTestServiceContext serviceContext;
     auto uniqueTxn = serviceContext.makeOperationContext();
     OperationContext* opCtx = uniqueTxn.get();
@@ -131,9 +131,11 @@ TEST(ParsedDistinctTest, ConvertToAggregationWithExplain) {
     auto agg = pd.getValue().asAggregationCommand();
     ASSERT_OK(agg);
 
+    ASSERT_FALSE(agg.getValue().hasField("explain"));
+
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/query_request.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/query_request.cpp
index b58a0665868..dc8188ab96a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/query_request.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/query_request.cpp
@@ -1058,9 +1058,6 @@ StatusWith<BSONObj> QueryRequest::asAggregationCommand() const {
 
     // Other options.
     aggregationBuilder.append("collation", _collation);
-    if (_explain) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append("explain", _explain);
-    }
     if (_maxTimeMS > 0) {
         aggregationBuilder.append(cmdOptionMaxTimeMS, _maxTimeMS);
     }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/query_request_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/query_request_test.cpp
index 66a03bc8285..8906d5c2a7d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/query_request_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/query_request_test.cpp
@@ -1102,14 +1102,14 @@ TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationSucceeds) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT(ar.getValue().getPipeline().empty());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
 }
 
-TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationWithExplainSucceeds) {
+TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationOmitsExplain) {
     QueryRequest qr(testns);
     qr.setExplain(true);
     auto agg = qr.asAggregationCommand();
@@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationWithExplainSucceeds) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT(ar.getValue().getPipeline().empty());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
@@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@ TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationWithPipeline) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
@@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@ TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationWithBatchSize) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), 4LL);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
@@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@ TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationWithMaxTimeMS) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, cmdObj);
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
     ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(ar.getValue().getCollation(), BSONObj());
@@ -1302,7 +1302,7 @@ TEST(QueryRequestTest, ConvertToAggregationWithCollationSucceeds) {
 
     auto ar = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(testns, agg.getValue());
     ASSERT_OK(ar.getStatus());
-    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().isExplain());
+    ASSERT(!ar.getValue().getExplain());
     ASSERT(ar.getValue().getPipeline().empty());
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
     ASSERT_EQ(ar.getValue().getNamespaceString(), testns);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.cpp b/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.cpp
index 5fcdecc857e..9012e5489e4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.cpp
@@ -65,54 +65,30 @@ ResolvedView ResolvedView::fromBSON(BSONObj commandResponseObj) {
     return {ResolvedView(NamespaceString(viewDef["ns"].valueStringData()), pipeline)};
 }
 
-StatusWith<BSONObj> ResolvedView::asExpandedViewAggregation(
+AggregationRequest ResolvedView::asExpandedViewAggregation(
     const AggregationRequest& request) const {
-    BSONObjBuilder aggregationBuilder;
-    // Perform the aggregation on the resolved namespace.
-    aggregationBuilder.append("aggregate", _namespace.coll());
-
-    // The new pipeline consists of two parts: first, 'pipeline' in this ResolvedView;
-    // then, the pipeline in 'request'.
-    BSONArrayBuilder pipelineBuilder(aggregationBuilder.subarrayStart("pipeline"));
-    for (auto&& item : _pipeline) {
-        pipelineBuilder.append(item);
-    }
-
-    for (auto&& item : request.getPipeline()) {
-        pipelineBuilder.append(item);
-    }
-    pipelineBuilder.doneFast();
-
-    if (request.isExplain()) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append("explain", true);
+    // Perform the aggregation on the resolved namespace.  The new pipeline consists of two parts:
+    // first, 'pipeline' in this ResolvedView; then, the pipeline in 'request'.
+    std::vector<BSONObj> resolvedPipeline;
+    resolvedPipeline.reserve(_pipeline.size() + request.getPipeline().size());
+    resolvedPipeline.insert(resolvedPipeline.end(), _pipeline.begin(), _pipeline.end());
+    resolvedPipeline.insert(
+        resolvedPipeline.end(), request.getPipeline().begin(), request.getPipeline().end());
+
+    AggregationRequest expandedRequest{_namespace, resolvedPipeline};
+
+    if (request.getExplain()) {
+        expandedRequest.setExplain(request.getExplain());
     } else {
-        BSONObjBuilder batchSizeBuilder(aggregationBuilder.subobjStart("cursor"));
-        batchSizeBuilder.append(AggregationRequest::kBatchSizeName, request.getBatchSize());
-        batchSizeBuilder.doneFast();
+        expandedRequest.setBatchSize(request.getBatchSize());
     }
 
-    if (!request.getHint().isEmpty()) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append(AggregationRequest::kHintName, request.getHint());
-    }
-
-    if (request.shouldBypassDocumentValidation()) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append("bypassDocumentValidation", true);
-    }
-
-    if (request.shouldAllowDiskUse()) {
-        aggregationBuilder.append("allowDiskUse", true);
-    }
-
-    return aggregationBuilder.obj();
-}
-
-StatusWith<BSONObj> ResolvedView::asExpandedViewAggregation(const BSONObj& aggCommand) const {
-    auto aggRequest = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(_namespace, aggCommand);
-    if (!aggRequest.isOK()) {
-        return aggRequest.getStatus();
-    }
+    expandedRequest.setHint(request.getHint());
+    expandedRequest.setBypassDocumentValidation(request.shouldBypassDocumentValidation());
+    expandedRequest.setAllowDiskUse(request.shouldAllowDiskUse());
+    expandedRequest.setCollation(request.getCollation());
 
-    return asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest.getValue());
+    return expandedRequest;
 }
 
 }  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.h b/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.h
index a5016ffc4b3..ec85b7b3254 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view.h
@@ -33,11 +33,10 @@
 #include "mongo/base/status_with.h"
 #include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
 #include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
 
-class AggregationRequest;
-
 /**
  * Represents a resolved definition, composed of a base collection namespace and a pipeline
  * built from one or more views.
@@ -56,11 +55,10 @@ public:
     static ResolvedView fromBSON(BSONObj commandResponseObj);
 
     /**
-     * Convert an aggregation command on a view to the equivalent command against the views
+     * Convert an aggregation command on a view to the equivalent command against the view's
      * underlying collection.
      */
-    StatusWith<BSONObj> asExpandedViewAggregation(const BSONObj& aggCommand) const;
-    StatusWith<BSONObj> asExpandedViewAggregation(const AggregationRequest& aggRequest) const;
+    AggregationRequest asExpandedViewAggregation(const AggregationRequest& aggRequest) const;
 
     const NamespaceString& getNamespace() const {
         return _namespace;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view_test.cpp
index 3f991868ccb..e25c5b263b7 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/views/resolved_view_test.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "mongo/bson/bsonobjbuilder.h"
 #include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document.h"
 #include "mongo/db/views/resolved_view.h"
 #include "mongo/unittest/unittest.h"
 
@@ -47,99 +48,51 @@ const std::vector<BSONObj> emptyPipeline;
 const BSONObj kDefaultCursorOptionDocument =
     BSON(AggregationRequest::kBatchSizeName << AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
 
-TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingCmdObjWithEmptyPipelineOnNoOpViewYieldsEmptyPipeline) {
-    const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, emptyPipeline};
-    BSONObj cmdObj =
-        BSON("aggregate" << viewNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "cursor" << BSONObj());
-
-    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(cmdObj);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
-
-    BSONObj expected =
-        BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "cursor"
-                         << kDefaultCursorOptionDocument);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
-}
-
-TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingCmdObjWithNonemptyPipelineAppendsToViewPipeline) {
-    std::vector<BSONObj> viewPipeline{BSON("skip" << 7)};
-    const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, viewPipeline};
-    BSONObj cmdObj = BSON(
-        "aggregate" << viewNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSON_ARRAY(BSON("limit" << 3)) << "cursor"
-                    << BSONObj());
-
-    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(cmdObj);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
-
-    BSONObj expected = BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline"
-                                        << BSON_ARRAY(BSON("skip" << 7) << BSON("limit" << 3))
-                                        << "cursor"
-                                        << kDefaultCursorOptionDocument);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
-}
-
-TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingCmdObjFailsIfCmdObjIsNotAValidAggregationCommand) {
-    const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, emptyPipeline};
-    BSONObj badCmdObj = BSON("invalid" << 0);
-    ASSERT_NOT_OK(resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(badCmdObj).getStatus());
-}
-
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestWithEmptyPipelineOnNoOpViewYieldsEmptyPipeline) {
     const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, emptyPipeline};
-    AggregationRequest aggRequest(viewNss, {});
-
-    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
+    AggregationRequest requestOnView{viewNss, emptyPipeline};
 
+    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(requestOnView);
     BSONObj expected =
         BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "cursor"
                          << kDefaultCursorOptionDocument);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
+    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.serializeToCommandObj().toBson(), expected);
 }
 
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestWithNonemptyPipelineAppendsToViewPipeline) {
     std::vector<BSONObj> viewPipeline{BSON("skip" << 7)};
     const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, viewPipeline};
+    AggregationRequest requestOnView{viewNss, std::vector<BSONObj>{BSON("limit" << 3)}};
 
-    std::vector<BSONObj> userAggregationPipeline = {BSON("limit" << 3)};
-    AggregationRequest aggRequest(viewNss, userAggregationPipeline);
-
-    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
+    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(requestOnView);
 
     BSONObj expected = BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline"
                                         << BSON_ARRAY(BSON("skip" << 7) << BSON("limit" << 3))
                                         << "cursor"
                                         << kDefaultCursorOptionDocument);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
+    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.serializeToCommandObj().toBson(), expected);
 }
 
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestPreservesExplain) {
     const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, emptyPipeline};
-    AggregationRequest aggRequest(viewNss, {});
-    aggRequest.setExplain(true);
+    AggregationRequest aggRequest{viewNss, {}};
+    aggRequest.setExplain(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
 
     auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
-
-    BSONObj expected =
-        BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "explain" << true);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
+    ASSERT(result.getExplain());
+    ASSERT(*result.getExplain() == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
 }
 
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestWithCursorAndExplainOnlyPreservesExplain) {
     const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, emptyPipeline};
-    BSONObj cmdObj =
-        BSON("aggregate" << viewNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "cursor" << BSONObj()
-                         << "explain"
-                         << true);
-
-    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(cmdObj);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
+    AggregationRequest aggRequest{viewNss, {}};
+    aggRequest.setBatchSize(10);
+    aggRequest.setExplain(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
 
-    BSONObj expected =
-        BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "explain" << true);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
+    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
+    ASSERT(result.getExplain());
+    ASSERT(*result.getExplain() == ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
+    ASSERT_EQ(result.getBatchSize(), AggregationRequest::kDefaultBatchSize);
 }
 
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestPreservesBypassDocumentValidation) {
@@ -148,14 +101,7 @@ TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestPreservesBypassDocumentValidation) {
     aggRequest.setBypassDocumentValidation(true);
 
     auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
-
-    BSONObj expected =
-        BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "cursor"
-                         << kDefaultCursorOptionDocument
-                         << "bypassDocumentValidation"
-                         << true);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.shouldBypassDocumentValidation());
 }
 
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestPreservesAllowDiskUse) {
@@ -164,14 +110,19 @@ TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestPreservesAllowDiskUse) {
     aggRequest.setAllowDiskUse(true);
 
     auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
-    ASSERT_OK(result.getStatus());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.shouldAllowDiskUse());
+}
 
-    BSONObj expected =
-        BSON("aggregate" << backingNss.coll() << "pipeline" << BSONArray() << "cursor"
-                         << kDefaultCursorOptionDocument
-                         << "allowDiskUse"
-                         << true);
-    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getValue(), expected);
+TEST(ResolvedViewTest, ExpandingAggRequestPreservesCollation) {
+    const ResolvedView resolvedView{backingNss, emptyPipeline};
+    AggregationRequest aggRequest(viewNss, {});
+    aggRequest.setCollation(BSON("locale"
+                                 << "fr_CA"));
+
+    auto result = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
+    ASSERT_BSONOBJ_EQ(result.getCollation(),
+                      BSON("locale"
+                           << "fr_CA"));
 }
 
 TEST(ResolvedViewTest, FromBSONFailsIfMissingResolvedView) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.cpp b/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.cpp
index e2144d56dac..c70cc5f5c55 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.cpp
@@ -76,14 +76,14 @@ StatusWith<BSONObj> ViewShardingCheck::getResolvedViewIfSharded(OperationContext
     return viewDetailBob.obj();
 }
 
-void ViewShardingCheck::appendShardedViewStatus(const BSONObj& resolvedView, BSONObjBuilder* out) {
+Status ViewShardingCheck::appendShardedViewResponse(const BSONObj& resolvedView,
+                                                    BSONObjBuilder* out) {
     invariant(out);
     invariant(!resolvedView.isEmpty());
 
     out->append("resolvedView", resolvedView);
-    Status status{ErrorCodes::CommandOnShardedViewNotSupportedOnMongod,
-                  str::stream() << "Command on view must be executed by mongos"};
-    Command::appendCommandStatus(*out, status);
+    return {ErrorCodes::CommandOnShardedViewNotSupportedOnMongod,
+            str::stream() << "Command on view must be executed by mongos"};
 }
 
 bool ViewShardingCheck::collectionIsSharded(OperationContext* opCtx, const NamespaceString& nss) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.h b/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.h
index d3437353212..c59455dd5aa 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/views/view_sharding_check.h
@@ -65,10 +65,11 @@ public:
                                                         const ViewDefinition* view);
 
     /**
-     * Appends the resolved view definition and CommandOnShardedViewNotSupportedOnMongod status to
-     * 'result'.
+     * Appends the resolved view definition to 'result' and returns a
+     * CommandOnShardedViewNotSupportedOnMongod error status. The caller is responsible for
+     * appending the non-ok status and error code.
      */
-    static void appendShardedViewStatus(const BSONObj& resolvedView, BSONObjBuilder* result);
+    static Status appendShardedViewResponse(const BSONObj& resolvedView, BSONObjBuilder* result);
 
 private:
     /**
diff --git a/src/mongo/dbtests/documentsourcetests.cpp b/src/mongo/dbtests/documentsourcetests.cpp
index a5add096d27..58df14b77b4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/dbtests/documentsourcetests.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/dbtests/documentsourcetests.cpp
@@ -310,6 +310,40 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
+class SerializationRespectsExplainModes : public Base {
+public:
+    void run() {
+        createSource();
+
+        {
+            // Nothing serialized when no explain mode specified.
+            auto explainResult = source()->serialize();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(explainResult.missing());
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto explainResult = source()->serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner);
+            ASSERT_FALSE(explainResult["$cursor"]["queryPlanner"].missing());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(explainResult["$cursor"]["executionStats"].missing());
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto explainResult = source()->serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats);
+            ASSERT_FALSE(explainResult["$cursor"]["queryPlanner"].missing());
+            ASSERT_FALSE(explainResult["$cursor"]["executionStats"].missing());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(explainResult["$cursor"]["executionStats"]["allPlansExecution"].missing());
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto explainResult =
+                source()->serialize(ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans).getDocument();
+            ASSERT_FALSE(explainResult["$cursor"]["queryPlanner"].missing());
+            ASSERT_FALSE(explainResult["$cursor"]["executionStats"].missing());
+            ASSERT_FALSE(explainResult["$cursor"]["executionStats"]["allPlansExecution"].missing());
+        }
+    }
+};
+
 }  // namespace DocumentSourceCursor
 
 class All : public Suite {
@@ -325,6 +359,7 @@ public:
         add<DocumentSourceCursor::IndexScanProvidesSortOnKeys>();
         add<DocumentSourceCursor::ReverseIndexScanProvidesSort>();
         add<DocumentSourceCursor::CompoundIndexScanProvidesMultipleSorts>();
+        add<DocumentSourceCursor::SerializationRespectsExplainModes>();
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/dbtests/query_stage_multiplan.cpp b/src/mongo/dbtests/query_stage_multiplan.cpp
index 3df262ce725..90185fd529d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/dbtests/query_stage_multiplan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/dbtests/query_stage_multiplan.cpp
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ public:
 
         BSONObjBuilder bob;
         Explain::explainStages(
-            exec.get(), ctx.getCollection(), ExplainCommon::EXEC_ALL_PLANS, &bob);
+            exec.get(), ctx.getCollection(), ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans, &bob);
         BSONObj explained = bob.done();
 
         ASSERT_EQ(explained["executionStats"]["nReturned"].Int(), nDocs);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.cpp
index d9a182b2938..010cbc55e63 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.cpp
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
 #include "mongo/db/client.h"
 #include "mongo/db/commands.h"
 #include "mongo/db/operation_context.h"
-#include "mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_out.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/lite_parsed_pipeline.h"
@@ -60,16 +59,50 @@
 
 namespace mongo {
 
+namespace {
+// These fields are not part of the AggregationRequest since they are not handled by the aggregation
+// subsystem, so we serialize them separately.
+const std::initializer_list<StringData> kFieldsToPropagateToShards = {
+    "$queryOptions", "readConcern", QueryRequest::cmdOptionMaxTimeMS,
+};
+
+// Given a document representing an aggregation command such as
+//
+//   {aggregate: "myCollection", pipeline: [], ...},
+//
+// produces the corresponding explain command:
+//
+//   {explain: {aggregate: "myCollection", pipline: [], ...}, verbosity: ...}
+//
+// The 'cmdObj' is the original user request, which may contain fields to propagate to the shards
+// that are not handled by the aggregation subsystem itself (e.g. maxTimeMS).
+Document wrapAggAsExplain(Document aggregateCommand,
+                          ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
+                          const BSONObj& cmdObj) {
+    MutableDocument explainCommandBuilder;
+    explainCommandBuilder["explain"] = Value(aggregateCommand);
+
+    // Add explain command options.
+    for (auto&& explainOption : ExplainOptions::toBSON(verbosity)) {
+        explainCommandBuilder[explainOption.fieldNameStringData()] = Value(explainOption);
+    }
+
+    // Propagate options not specific to agg to the shards.
+    for (auto&& field : kFieldsToPropagateToShards) {
+        explainCommandBuilder[field] = Value(cmdObj[field]);
+    }
+
+    return explainCommandBuilder.freeze();
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                       const Namespaces& namespaces,
+                                      const AggregationRequest& request,
                                       BSONObj cmdObj,
                                       int options,
                                       BSONObjBuilder* result) {
-    auto request = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(namespaces.executionNss, cmdObj);
-    if (!request.isOK()) {
-        return request.getStatus();
-    }
-
     auto const catalogCache = Grid::get(opCtx)->catalogCache();
 
     auto executionNsRoutingInfoStatus =
@@ -91,7 +124,7 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
     // need to check if any involved collections are sharded before forwarding an aggregation
     // command on an unsharded collection.
     StringMap<ExpressionContext::ResolvedNamespace> resolvedNamespaces;
-    LiteParsedPipeline liteParsedPipeline(request.getValue());
+    LiteParsedPipeline liteParsedPipeline(request);
     for (auto&& nss : liteParsedPipeline.getInvolvedNamespaces()) {
         const auto resolvedNsRoutingInfo =
             uassertStatusOK(catalogCache->getCollectionRoutingInfo(opCtx, nss));
@@ -101,27 +134,32 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
     }
 
     if (!executionNsRoutingInfo.cm()) {
-        return aggPassthrough(
-            opCtx, namespaces, executionNsRoutingInfo.primary()->getId(), cmdObj, result, options);
+        return aggPassthrough(opCtx,
+                              namespaces,
+                              executionNsRoutingInfo.primary()->getId(),
+                              request,
+                              cmdObj,
+                              result,
+                              options);
     }
 
     const auto chunkMgr = executionNsRoutingInfo.cm();
 
     std::unique_ptr<CollatorInterface> collation;
-    if (!request.getValue().getCollation().isEmpty()) {
+    if (!request.getCollation().isEmpty()) {
         collation = uassertStatusOK(CollatorFactoryInterface::get(opCtx->getServiceContext())
-                                        ->makeFromBSON(request.getValue().getCollation()));
+                                        ->makeFromBSON(request.getCollation()));
     } else if (chunkMgr->getDefaultCollator()) {
         collation = chunkMgr->getDefaultCollator()->clone();
     }
 
-    boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> mergeCtx = new ExpressionContext(
-        opCtx, request.getValue(), std::move(collation), std::move(resolvedNamespaces));
+    boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> mergeCtx =
+        new ExpressionContext(opCtx, request, std::move(collation), std::move(resolvedNamespaces));
     mergeCtx->inRouter = true;
     // explicitly *not* setting mergeCtx->tempDir
 
     // Parse and optimize the pipeline specification.
-    auto pipeline = Pipeline::parse(request.getValue().getPipeline(), mergeCtx);
+    auto pipeline = Pipeline::parse(request.getPipeline(), mergeCtx);
     if (!pipeline.isOK()) {
         return pipeline.getStatus();
     }
@@ -140,7 +178,7 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
         }
 
         try {
-            chunkMgr->findIntersectingChunk(shardKeyMatches, request.getValue().getCollation());
+            chunkMgr->findIntersectingChunk(shardKeyMatches, request.getCollation());
             return true;
         } catch (const DBException&) {
             return false;
@@ -159,7 +197,7 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
 
     // Create the command for the shards. The 'fromRouter' field means produce output to be
     // merged.
-    MutableDocument commandBuilder(request.getValue().serializeToCommandObj());
+    MutableDocument commandBuilder(request.serializeToCommandObj());
     commandBuilder[AggregationRequest::kPipelineName] = Value(shardPipeline->serialize());
     if (needSplit) {
         commandBuilder[AggregationRequest::kFromRouterName] = Value(true);
@@ -167,13 +205,16 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
             Value(DOC(AggregationRequest::kBatchSizeName << 0));
     }
 
-    // These fields are not part of the AggregationRequest since they are not handled by the
-    // aggregation subsystem, so we serialize them separately.
-    const std::initializer_list<StringData> fieldsToPropagateToShards = {
-        "$queryOptions", "readConcern", QueryRequest::cmdOptionMaxTimeMS,
-    };
-    for (auto&& field : fieldsToPropagateToShards) {
-        commandBuilder[field] = Value(cmdObj[field]);
+    // If this is a request for an aggregation explain, then we must wrap the aggregate inside an
+    // explain command.
+    if (mergeCtx->explain) {
+        commandBuilder.reset(wrapAggAsExplain(commandBuilder.freeze(), *mergeCtx->explain, cmdObj));
+    } else {
+        // Add things like $queryOptions which must be sent to the shards but are not part of the
+        // agg request.
+        for (auto&& field : kFieldsToPropagateToShards) {
+            commandBuilder[field] = Value(cmdObj[field]);
+        }
     }
 
     BSONObj shardedCommand = commandBuilder.freeze().toBson();
@@ -188,17 +229,18 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
                         options,
                         namespaces.executionNss.ns(),
                         shardQuery,
-                        request.getValue().getCollation(),
+                        request.getCollation(),
                         &shardResults);
 
-    if (mergeCtx->isExplain) {
+    if (mergeCtx->explain) {
         // This must be checked before we start modifying result.
         uassertAllShardsSupportExplain(shardResults);
 
         if (needSplit) {
             *result << "needsPrimaryShardMerger" << needPrimaryShardMerger << "splitPipeline"
-                    << DOC("shardsPart" << shardPipeline->writeExplainOps() << "mergerPart"
-                                        << pipeline.getValue()->writeExplainOps());
+                    << Document{{"shardsPart", shardPipeline->writeExplainOps(*mergeCtx->explain)},
+                                {"mergerPart",
+                                 pipeline.getValue()->writeExplainOps(*mergeCtx->explain)}};
         } else {
             *result << "splitPipeline" << BSONNULL;
         }
@@ -231,7 +273,7 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
     pipeline.getValue()->addInitialSource(
         DocumentSourceMergeCursors::create(parseCursors(shardResults), mergeCtx));
 
-    MutableDocument mergeCmd(request.getValue().serializeToCommandObj());
+    MutableDocument mergeCmd(request.serializeToCommandObj());
     mergeCmd["pipeline"] = Value(pipeline.getValue()->serialize());
     mergeCmd["cursor"] = Value(cmdObj["cursor"]);
 
@@ -275,7 +317,7 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
 
     ShardConnection conn(mergingShard->getConnString(), outputNsOrEmpty);
     BSONObj mergedResults =
-        aggRunCommand(opCtx, conn.get(), namespaces, mergeCmd.freeze().toBson(), options);
+        aggRunCommand(opCtx, conn.get(), namespaces, request, mergeCmd.freeze().toBson(), options);
     conn.done();
 
     if (auto wcErrorElem = mergedResults["writeConcernError"]) {
@@ -395,14 +437,10 @@ void ClusterAggregate::killAllCursors(const std::vector<Strategy::CommandResult>
 BSONObj ClusterAggregate::aggRunCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                         DBClientBase* conn,
                                         const Namespaces& namespaces,
+                                        const AggregationRequest& aggRequest,
                                         BSONObj cmd,
                                         int queryOptions) {
     // Temporary hack. See comment on declaration for details.
-
-    massert(17016,
-            "should only be running an aggregate command here",
-            str::equals(cmd.firstElementFieldName(), "aggregate"));
-
     auto cursor = conn->query(namespaces.executionNss.db() + ".$cmd",
                               cmd,
                               -1,    // nToReturn
@@ -420,6 +458,14 @@ BSONObj ClusterAggregate::aggRunCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
         throw RecvStaleConfigException("command failed because of stale config", result);
     }
 
+    // If this was an explain, then we get back an explain result object rather than a
+    // representation of a cursor. The remaining work here is related to cursor handling, so if
+    // there's no cursor, our work is done.
+    if (aggRequest.getExplain()) {
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // Transfer ownership of the agg cursor opened on mongod to the mongos cursor manager.
     auto executorPool = Grid::get(opCtx)->getExecutorPool();
     result = uassertStatusOK(storePossibleCursor(opCtx,
                                                  HostAndPort(cursor->originalHost()),
@@ -433,6 +479,7 @@ BSONObj ClusterAggregate::aggRunCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
 Status ClusterAggregate::aggPassthrough(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                         const Namespaces& namespaces,
                                         const ShardId& shardId,
+                                        const AggregationRequest& aggRequest,
                                         BSONObj cmdObj,
                                         BSONObjBuilder* out,
                                         int queryOptions) {
@@ -442,8 +489,16 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::aggPassthrough(OperationContext* opCtx,
         return shardStatus.getStatus();
     }
 
+    // If this is an explain, we need to re-create the explain command which will be forwarded to
+    // the shards.
+    if (aggRequest.getExplain()) {
+        auto explainCmdObj =
+            wrapAggAsExplain(aggRequest.serializeToCommandObj(), *aggRequest.getExplain(), cmdObj);
+        cmdObj = explainCmdObj.toBson();
+    }
+
     ShardConnection conn(shardStatus.getValue()->getConnString(), "");
-    BSONObj result = aggRunCommand(opCtx, conn.get(), namespaces, cmdObj, queryOptions);
+    BSONObj result = aggRunCommand(opCtx, conn.get(), namespaces, aggRequest, cmdObj, queryOptions);
     conn.done();
 
     // First append the properly constructed writeConcernError. It will then be skipped
@@ -458,18 +513,8 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::aggPassthrough(OperationContext* opCtx,
     if (ResolvedView::isResolvedViewErrorResponse(responseObj)) {
         auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(responseObj);
 
-        auto request = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(resolvedView.getNamespace(), cmdObj);
-        if (!request.isOK()) {
-            out->resetToEmpty();
-            return request.getStatus();
-        }
-
-        auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(request.getValue());
-        if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-            out->resetToEmpty();
-            return aggCmd.getStatus();
-        }
-
+        auto resolvedAggRequest = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequest);
+        auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
         out->resetToEmpty();
 
         // We pass both the underlying collection namespace and the view namespace here. The
@@ -479,8 +524,9 @@ Status ClusterAggregate::aggPassthrough(OperationContext* opCtx,
         Namespaces nsStruct;
         nsStruct.requestedNss = namespaces.requestedNss;
         nsStruct.executionNss = resolvedView.getNamespace();
+
         return ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
-            opCtx, nsStruct, aggCmd.getValue(), queryOptions, out);
+            opCtx, nsStruct, resolvedAggRequest, resolvedAggCmd, queryOptions, out);
     }
 
     return getStatusFromCommandResult(result);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h
index d8e29744766..591b3f070d2 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "mongo/base/status.h"
 #include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
 #include "mongo/db/namespace_string.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/aggregation_request.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_merge_cursors.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/strategy.h"
@@ -60,11 +61,19 @@ public:
     };
 
     /**
-     * Executes an aggregation command. 'cmdObj' specifies the aggregation to run. Fills in 'result'
-     * with the command response.
+     * Executes the aggregation 'request' using context 'opCtx'.
+     *
+     * The 'namespaces' struct should contain both the user-requested namespace and the namespace
+     * over which the aggregation will actually execute. Typically these two namespaces are the
+     * same, but they may differ in the case of a query on a view.
+     *
+     * The raw aggregate command parameters should be passed in 'cmdObj'.
+     *
+     * On success, fills out 'result' with the command response.
      */
     static Status runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                const Namespaces& namespaces,
+                               const AggregationRequest& request,
                                BSONObj cmdObj,
                                int options,
                                BSONObjBuilder* result);
@@ -85,12 +94,14 @@ private:
     static BSONObj aggRunCommand(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                  DBClientBase* conn,
                                  const Namespaces& namespaces,
+                                 const AggregationRequest& aggRequest,
                                  BSONObj cmd,
                                  int queryOptions);
 
     static Status aggPassthrough(OperationContext* opCtx,
                                  const Namespaces& namespaces,
                                  const ShardId& shardId,
+                                 const AggregationRequest& aggRequest,
                                  BSONObj cmd,
                                  BSONObjBuilder* result,
                                  int queryOptions);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_count_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_count_cmd.cpp
index 45c46c26185..2eb02c0e70f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_count_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_count_cmd.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/query/view_response_formatter.h"
 #include "mongo/db/views/resolved_view.h"
 #include "mongo/rpc/get_status_from_command_result.h"
+#include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_commands_common.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/strategy.h"
@@ -158,16 +159,19 @@ public:
                 return appendCommandStatus(result, aggCmdOnView.getStatus());
             }
 
-            auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(countResult[0].result);
-            auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggCmdOnView.getValue());
-            if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-                return appendCommandStatus(result, aggCmd.getStatus());
+            auto aggRequestOnView = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, aggCmdOnView.getValue());
+            if (!aggRequestOnView.isOK()) {
+                return appendCommandStatus(result, aggRequestOnView.getStatus());
             }
 
+            auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(countResult[0].result);
+            auto resolvedAggRequest =
+                resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequestOnView.getValue());
+            auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
 
             BSONObjBuilder aggResult;
             Command::findCommand("aggregate")
-                ->run(opCtx, dbname, aggCmd.getValue(), options, errmsg, aggResult);
+                ->run(opCtx, dbname, resolvedAggCmd, options, errmsg, aggResult);
 
             result.resetToEmpty();
             ViewResponseFormatter formatter(aggResult.obj());
@@ -179,7 +183,6 @@ public:
             return true;
         }
 
-
         long long total = 0;
         BSONObjBuilder shardSubTotal(result.subobjStart("shards"));
 
@@ -218,7 +221,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNs(dbname, cmdObj));
@@ -275,19 +278,23 @@ public:
                 return aggCmdOnView.getStatus();
             }
 
-            auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(shardResults[0].result);
-            auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggCmdOnView.getValue());
-            if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-                return aggCmd.getStatus();
+            auto aggRequestOnView =
+                AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, aggCmdOnView.getValue(), verbosity);
+            if (!aggRequestOnView.isOK()) {
+                return aggRequestOnView.getStatus();
             }
 
-            std::string errMsg;
-            if (Command::findCommand("aggregate")
-                    ->run(opCtx, dbname, aggCmd.getValue(), 0, errMsg, *out)) {
-                return Status::OK();
-            }
+            auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(shardResults[0].result);
+            auto resolvedAggRequest =
+                resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequestOnView.getValue());
+            auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
+
+            ClusterAggregate::Namespaces nsStruct;
+            nsStruct.requestedNss = nss;
+            nsStruct.executionNss = resolvedAggRequest.getNamespaceString();
 
-            return getStatusFromCommandResult(out->asTempObj());
+            return ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
+                opCtx, nsStruct, resolvedAggRequest, resolvedAggCmd, 0, out);
         }
 
         const char* mongosStageName = ClusterExplain::getStageNameForReadOp(shardResults, cmdObj);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.cpp
index 996893fc8be..e15a9939976 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.cpp
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ bool appendElementsIfRoom(BSONObjBuilder* bob, const BSONObj& toAppend) {
 
 // static
 void ClusterExplain::wrapAsExplainForOP_COMMAND(const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                                                ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                                                ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                                                 BSONObjBuilder* explainBuilder) {
     explainBuilder->append("explain", cmdObj);
-    explainBuilder->append("verbosity", ExplainCommon::verbosityString(verbosity));
+    explainBuilder->append("verbosity", ExplainOptions::verbosityString(verbosity));
 
     // Propagate readConcern
     if (auto readConcern = cmdObj["readConcern"]) {
@@ -114,13 +114,13 @@ void ClusterExplain::wrapAsExplainForOP_COMMAND(const BSONObj& cmdObj,
 
 // static
 void ClusterExplain::wrapAsExplain(const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                                    BSONObjBuilder* out,
                                    int* optionsOut) {
     BSONObjBuilder explainBuilder;
     explainBuilder.append("explain", cmdObj);
-    explainBuilder.append("verbosity", ExplainCommon::verbosityString(verbosity));
+    explainBuilder.append("verbosity", ExplainOptions::verbosityString(verbosity));
 
     // Propagate readConcern
     if (auto readConcern = cmdObj["readConcern"]) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.h b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.h
index 38332b15748..e2e3b8cc5ba 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.h
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "mongo/db/query/explain_common.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/strategy.h"
 #include "mongo/s/write_ops/batched_command_request.h"
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public:
      * that send the command over the NetworkInterfaceASIO rather than DBClient.
      */
     static void wrapAsExplainForOP_COMMAND(const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                                           ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                                           ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                                            BSONObjBuilder* explainBuilder);
 
     /**
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public:
      * be forwarded to the shards.
      */
     static void wrapAsExplain(const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                              ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                              ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                               const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                               BSONObjBuilder* out,
                               int* optionsOut);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain_cmd.cpp
index 4031a45c02a..099d6233a60 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain_cmd.cpp
@@ -112,10 +112,9 @@ public:
                      int options,
                      std::string& errmsg,
                      BSONObjBuilder& result) {
-        ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity;
-        Status parseStatus = ExplainCommon::parseCmdBSON(cmdObj, &verbosity);
-        if (!parseStatus.isOK()) {
-            return appendCommandStatus(result, parseStatus);
+        auto verbosity = ExplainOptions::parseCmdBSON(cmdObj);
+        if (!verbosity.isOK()) {
+            return appendCommandStatus(result, verbosity.getStatus());
         }
 
         // This is the nested command which we are explaining.
@@ -139,8 +138,8 @@ public:
         rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata metadata(secondaryOk, readPref.getValue());
 
         // Actually call the nested command's explain(...) method.
-        Status explainStatus =
-            commToExplain->explain(opCtx, dbName, explainObj, verbosity, metadata, &result);
+        Status explainStatus = commToExplain->explain(
+            opCtx, dbName, explainObj, verbosity.getValue(), metadata, &result);
         if (!explainStatus.isOK()) {
             return appendCommandStatus(result, explainStatus);
         }
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_and_modify_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_and_modify_cmd.cpp
index feae1fab5e2..da5c31572dd 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_and_modify_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_and_modify_cmd.cpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbName,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbName, cmdObj));
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_cmd.cpp
index d308c3a53fd..fdf4d42f7cf 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_find_cmd.cpp
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const final {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbname, cmdObj));
@@ -127,17 +127,23 @@ public:
                 return aggCmdOnView.getStatus();
             }
 
-            auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggCmdOnView.getValue());
-            if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-                return aggCmd.getStatus();
+            auto aggRequestOnView =
+                AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, aggCmdOnView.getValue(), verbosity);
+            if (!aggRequestOnView.isOK()) {
+                return aggRequestOnView.getStatus();
             }
 
+            auto resolvedAggRequest =
+                resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequestOnView.getValue());
+            auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
+
             int queryOptions = 0;
             ClusterAggregate::Namespaces nsStruct;
             nsStruct.requestedNss = std::move(nss);
             nsStruct.executionNss = std::move(resolvedView.getNamespace());
+
             auto status = ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
-                opCtx, nsStruct, aggCmd.getValue(), queryOptions, out);
+                opCtx, nsStruct, resolvedAggRequest, resolvedAggCmd, queryOptions, out);
             appendCommandStatus(*out, status);
             return status;
         }
@@ -189,12 +195,17 @@ public:
                     return appendCommandStatus(result, aggCmdOnView.getStatus());
                 }
 
-                auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(viewDefinition);
-                auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggCmdOnView.getValue());
-                if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-                    return appendCommandStatus(result, aggCmd.getStatus());
+                auto aggRequestOnView =
+                    AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, aggCmdOnView.getValue());
+                if (!aggRequestOnView.isOK()) {
+                    return appendCommandStatus(result, aggRequestOnView.getStatus());
                 }
 
+                auto resolvedView = ResolvedView::fromBSON(viewDefinition);
+                auto resolvedAggRequest =
+                    resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequestOnView.getValue());
+                auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
+
                 // We pass both the underlying collection namespace and the view namespace here. The
                 // underlying collection namespace is used to execute the aggregation on mongoD. Any
                 // cursor returned will be registered under the view namespace so that subsequent
@@ -202,8 +213,9 @@ public:
                 ClusterAggregate::Namespaces nsStruct;
                 nsStruct.requestedNss = std::move(nss);
                 nsStruct.executionNss = std::move(resolvedView.getNamespace());
+
                 auto status = ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
-                    opCtx, nsStruct, aggCmd.getValue(), options, &result);
+                    opCtx, nsStruct, resolvedAggRequest, resolvedAggCmd, options, &result);
                 appendCommandStatus(result, status);
                 return status.isOK();
             }
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_pipeline_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_pipeline_cmd.cpp
index e533ae05392..21571bd6e4f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_pipeline_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_pipeline_cmd.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "mongo/base/status.h"
 #include "mongo/db/auth/authorization_session.h"
 #include "mongo/db/commands.h"
+#include "mongo/rpc/metadata/server_selection_metadata.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
@@ -80,13 +81,55 @@ public:
                      BSONObjBuilder& result) {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbname, cmdObj));
 
+        auto request = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, cmdObj);
+        if (!request.isOK()) {
+            return appendCommandStatus(result, request.getStatus());
+        }
+
         ClusterAggregate::Namespaces nsStruct;
         nsStruct.requestedNss = nss;
         nsStruct.executionNss = std::move(nss);
-        auto status = ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(opCtx, nsStruct, cmdObj, options, &result);
+        auto status = ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
+            opCtx, nsStruct, request.getValue(), cmdObj, options, &result);
         appendCommandStatus(result, status);
         return status.isOK();
     }
+
+    Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                   const std::string& dbName,
+                   const BSONObj& cmdObj,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
+                   BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
+        const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbName, cmdObj));
+
+        auto request = AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, cmdObj, verbosity);
+        if (!request.isOK()) {
+            return request.getStatus();
+        }
+
+        // Add the server selection metadata to the aggregate command in the "unwrapped" format that
+        // runAggregate() expects: {aggregate: ..., $queryOptions: {$readPreference: ...}}.
+        BSONObjBuilder aggCmdBuilder;
+        aggCmdBuilder.appendElements(cmdObj);
+        if (auto readPref = serverSelectionMetadata.getReadPreference()) {
+            auto readPrefObj = readPref->toBSON();
+            aggCmdBuilder.append(QueryRequest::kUnwrappedReadPrefField,
+                                 BSON("$readPreference" << readPrefObj));
+        }
+
+        int options = 0;
+        if (serverSelectionMetadata.isSecondaryOk()) {
+            options |= QueryOption_SlaveOk;
+        }
+
+        ClusterAggregate::Namespaces nsStruct;
+        nsStruct.requestedNss = nss;
+        nsStruct.executionNss = std::move(nss);
+
+        return ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
+            opCtx, nsStruct, request.getValue(), cmdObj, options, out);
+    }
 } clusterPipelineCmd;
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_write_cmd.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_write_cmd.cpp
index a5d2092a96c..7986195c6f5 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_write_cmd.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/cluster_write_cmd.cpp
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public:
     virtual Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                            const std::string& dbname,
                            const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                           ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                           ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                            const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                            BSONObjBuilder* out) const {
         BatchedCommandRequest request(_writeType);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/commands_public.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/commands_public.cpp
index e219d9396f9..6ab6d3bc086 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/commands_public.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/commands_public.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 #include "mongo/s/catalog_cache.h"
 #include "mongo/s/client/shard_connection.h"
 #include "mongo/s/client/shard_registry.h"
+#include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_aggregate.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_commands_common.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/cluster_explain.h"
 #include "mongo/s/commands/run_on_all_shards_cmd.h"
@@ -991,7 +992,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const override {
         // We will time how long it takes to run the commands on the shards.
@@ -1148,14 +1149,19 @@ public:
                     return appendCommandStatus(result, aggCmdOnView.getStatus());
                 }
 
-                auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggCmdOnView.getValue());
-                if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-                    return appendCommandStatus(result, aggCmd.getStatus());
+                auto aggRequestOnView =
+                    AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, aggCmdOnView.getValue());
+                if (!aggRequestOnView.isOK()) {
+                    return appendCommandStatus(result, aggRequestOnView.getStatus());
                 }
 
+                auto resolvedAggRequest =
+                    resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequestOnView.getValue());
+                auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
+
                 BSONObjBuilder aggResult;
                 Command::findCommand("aggregate")
-                    ->run(opCtx, dbName, aggCmd.getValue(), options, errmsg, aggResult);
+                    ->run(opCtx, dbName, resolvedAggCmd, options, errmsg, aggResult);
 
                 ViewResponseFormatter formatter(aggResult.obj());
                 auto formatStatus = formatter.appendAsDistinctResponse(&result);
@@ -1235,7 +1241,7 @@ public:
     Status explain(OperationContext* opCtx,
                    const std::string& dbname,
                    const BSONObj& cmdObj,
-                   ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                   ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                    const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                    BSONObjBuilder* out) const {
         const NamespaceString nss(parseNsCollectionRequired(dbname, cmdObj));
@@ -1296,18 +1302,22 @@ public:
                 return aggCmdOnView.getStatus();
             }
 
-            auto aggCmd = resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggCmdOnView.getValue());
-            if (!aggCmd.isOK()) {
-                return aggCmd.getStatus();
+            auto aggRequestOnView =
+                AggregationRequest::parseFromBSON(nss, aggCmdOnView.getValue(), verbosity);
+            if (!aggRequestOnView.isOK()) {
+                return aggRequestOnView.getStatus();
             }
 
-            std::string errMsg;
-            if (Command::findCommand("aggregate")
-                    ->run(opCtx, dbname, aggCmd.getValue(), 0, errMsg, *out)) {
-                return Status::OK();
-            }
+            auto resolvedAggRequest =
+                resolvedView.asExpandedViewAggregation(aggRequestOnView.getValue());
+            auto resolvedAggCmd = resolvedAggRequest.serializeToCommandObj().toBson();
+
+            ClusterAggregate::Namespaces nsStruct;
+            nsStruct.requestedNss = nss;
+            nsStruct.executionNss = resolvedAggRequest.getNamespaceString();
 
-            return getStatusFromCommandResult(out->asTempObj());
+            return ClusterAggregate::runAggregate(
+                opCtx, nsStruct, resolvedAggRequest, resolvedAggCmd, 0, out);
         }
 
         const char* mongosStageName = ClusterExplain::getStageNameForReadOp(shardResults, cmdObj);
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp b/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp
index 647e6601dfa..58d55f5938f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.cpp
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ void Strategy::queryOp(OperationContext* opCtx, const NamespaceString& nss, DbMe
         const BSONObj findCommand = queryRequest.asFindCommand();
 
         // We default to allPlansExecution verbosity.
-        const auto verbosity = ExplainCommon::EXEC_ALL_PLANS;
+        const auto verbosity = ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecAllPlans;
 
         const bool secondaryOk = (readPreference.pref != ReadPreference::PrimaryOnly);
         const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata metadata(secondaryOk, readPreference);
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ void Strategy::writeOp(OperationContext* opCtx, DbMessage* dbm) {
 Status Strategy::explainFind(OperationContext* opCtx,
                              const BSONObj& findCommand,
                              const QueryRequest& qr,
-                             ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                             ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                              const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                              BSONObjBuilder* out) {
     BSONObjBuilder explainCmdBob;
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.h b/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.h
index 51a0d1673cc..c13e4354be1 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.h
+++ b/src/mongo/s/commands/strategy.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 #include <atomic>
 
 #include "mongo/client/connection_string.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/explain_common.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 #include "mongo/s/client/shard.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public:
     static Status explainFind(OperationContext* opCtx,
                               const BSONObj& findCommand,
                               const QueryRequest& qr,
-                              ExplainCommon::Verbosity verbosity,
+                              ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                               const rpc::ServerSelectionMetadata& serverSelectionMetadata,
                               BSONObjBuilder* out);
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/s/query/cluster_find.h b/src/mongo/s/query/cluster_find.h
index 5a011d27958..4d9f2b1dd9a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/s/query/cluster_find.h
+++ b/src/mongo/s/query/cluster_find.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #include "mongo/bson/bsonobj.h"
 #include "mongo/db/cursor_id.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/cursor_response.h"
-#include "mongo/db/query/explain_common.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/explain_options.h"
 
 namespace mongo {
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/shell/explainable.js b/src/mongo/shell/explainable.js
index 536f0b27d32..2d6c9c6b0dd 100644
--- a/src/mongo/shell/explainable.js
+++ b/src/mongo/shell/explainable.js
@@ -105,9 +105,20 @@ var Explainable = (function() {
 
             // Add the explain option.
             extraOpts = extraOpts || {};
-            extraOpts.explain = true;
 
-            return this._collection.aggregate(pipeline, extraOpts);
+            // For compatibility with 3.4 and older versions, when the verbosity is "queryPlanner",
+            // we use the explain option to the aggregate command. Otherwise we issue an explain
+            // command wrapping the agg command, which is supported by newer versions of the server.
+            if (this._verbosity === "queryPlanner") {
+                extraOpts.explain = true;
+                return this._collection.aggregate(pipeline, extraOpts);
+            } else {
+                let aggCmd = Object.extend(
+                    {"aggregate": this._collection.getName(), "pipeline": pipeline}, extraOpts);
+                let explainCmd = {"explain": aggCmd, "verbosity": this._verbosity};
+                let explainResult = this._collection.runReadCommand(explainCmd);
+                return throwOrReturn(explainResult);
+            }
         };
 
         this.count = function(query, options) {