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diff --git a/src/mongo/db/transaction/transaction_operations_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/transaction/transaction_operations_test.cpp
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+++ b/src/mongo/db/transaction/transaction_operations_test.cpp
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+/**
+ *    Copyright (C) 2022-present MongoDB, Inc.
+ *
+ *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the Server Side Public License, version 1,
+ *    as published by MongoDB, Inc.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    Server Side Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the Server Side Public License
+ *    along with this program. If not, see
+ *    <http://www.mongodb.com/licensing/server-side-public-license>.
+ *
+ *    As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
+ *    code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
+ *    conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
+ *    linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
+ *    must comply with the Server Side Public License in all respects for
+ *    all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify file(s)
+ *    with this exception, you may extend this exception to your version of the
+ *    file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not wish to do so,
+ *    delete this exception statement from your version. If you delete this
+ *    exception statement from all source files in the program, then also delete
+ *    it in the license file.
+ */
+
+#include "mongo/db/transaction/transaction_operations.h"
+#include "mongo/unittest/unittest.h"
+
+namespace mongo {
+namespace {
+
+TEST(TransactionOperationsTest, Basic) {
+    TransactionOperations ops;
+    ASSERT(ops.isEmpty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.numOperations(), 0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(), 0);
+
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op;
+    auto opSize = repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op);
+    ASSERT_GTE(opSize, 1U);
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(ops.isEmpty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.numOperations(), 1U);
+
+    // Empty pre-images and post-images do not count towards operation size.
+    ASSERT(op.getPreImage().isEmpty());
+    ASSERT(op.getPostImage().isEmpty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(), opSize);
+
+    // The getMutableOperationsForTransactionParticipant() method supports integration with
+    // existing TransactionParticipant usage and OpObserver interfaces.
+    auto* mutableOps = ops.getMutableOperationsForTransactionParticipant();
+    ASSERT_EQ(mutableOps->size(), ops.numOperations());
+    std::size_t mutableOpsTotalOperationBytes = 0;
+    for (const auto& mutableOp : *mutableOps) {
+        mutableOpsTotalOperationBytes +=
+            repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(mutableOp);
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(mutableOpsTotalOperationBytes, ops.getTotalOperationBytes());
+
+    // Use clear() to reset container state.
+    ops.clear();
+    ASSERT(ops.isEmpty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.numOperations(), 0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(TransactionOperationsTest, AddTransactionFailsOnDuplicateStatementIds) {
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op1;
+    std::vector<StmtId> stmtIds1 = {1, 2, 3};
+    op1.setStatementIds(stdx::variant<StmtId, std::vector<StmtId>>(stmtIds1));
+
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op2;
+    std::vector<StmtId> stmtIds2 = {3, 4, 5};
+    op2.setStatementIds(stdx::variant<StmtId, std::vector<StmtId>>(stmtIds2));
+
+    TransactionOperations ops;
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorCodes::Error>(5875600), ops.addOperation(op2));
+}
+
+TEST(TransactionOperationsTest, AddTransactionIncludesPreImageStatistics) {
+    TransactionOperations ops;
+
+    // The size of 'op1' is added to the total byte count but it does not have
+    // the additional criteria to be added to 'numberOfPrePostImages'.
+    // See SERVER-58694.
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op1;
+    op1.setPreImage(BSON("a" << 123));
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(),
+              repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op1) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op1.getPreImage().objsize()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 0);
+
+    // Set "pre-image for retryable writes" flag to include the pre-image in
+    // the pre/post image count.
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op3;
+    op3.setPreImage(BSON("c" << 123));
+    op3.setPreImageRecordedForRetryableInternalTransaction();
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op3));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(),
+              repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op1) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op1.getPreImage().objsize()) +
+                  repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op3) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op3.getPreImage().objsize()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 1U);
+
+    // Pre/post image counter should be reset after clear().
+    ops.clear();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(TransactionOperationsTest, AddTransactionIncludesPostImageStatistics) {
+    TransactionOperations ops;
+
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op1;
+    op1.setPostImage(BSON("a" << 123));
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(),
+              repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op1) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op1.getPostImage().objsize()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 1U);
+
+    // Pre/post image counter should be reset after clear().
+    ops.clear();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(TransactionOperationsTest, AddTransactionIncludesPreAndPostImageStatistics) {
+    TransactionOperations ops;
+
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op1;
+    op1.setPreImage(BSON("a" << 123));
+    op1.setPreImageRecordedForRetryableInternalTransaction();
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(),
+              repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op1) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op1.getPreImage().objsize()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 1U);
+
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op2;
+    op2.setPostImage(BSON("b" << 123));
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op2));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getTotalOperationBytes(),
+              repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op1) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op1.getPreImage().objsize()) +
+                  repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op2) +
+                  static_cast<std::size_t>(op2.getPostImage().objsize()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 2U);
+
+    // Pre/post image counter should be reset after clear().
+    ops.clear();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ops.getNumberOfPrePostImagesToWrite(), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(TransactionOperationsTest, AddTransactionEnforceTotalOperationSizeLimit) {
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op1;
+    auto opSize1 = repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op1);
+
+    TransactionOperations::TransactionOperation op2;
+    auto opSize2 = repl::DurableOplogEntry::getDurableReplOperationSize(op2);
+
+    auto sizeLimit = opSize1 + opSize2 - 1;
+    TransactionOperations ops;
+    ASSERT_OK(ops.addOperation(op1, sizeLimit));
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCodes::TransactionTooLarge, ops.addOperation(op2, sizeLimit));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace mongo