.\" Man page generated from reStructuredText.
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.TH "MONGO" "1" "Aug 16, 2019" "4.2" "mongodb-manual"
.SH NAME
mongo \- MongoDB Shell
.
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.SS On this page
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.IP \(bu 2
\fI\%Description\fP
.IP \(bu 2
\fI\%Syntax\fP
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\fI\%Options\fP
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\fI\%Files\fP
.IP \(bu 2
\fI\%Environment\fP
.IP \(bu 2
\fI\%Keyboard Shortcuts\fP
.IP \(bu 2
\fI\%Use\fP
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.SH DESCRIPTION
.sp
\fI\%mongo\fP is an interactive JavaScript shell interface to
MongoDB, which provides a powerful interface for system
administrators as well as a way for developers to test queries and
operations directly with the database. \fI\%mongo\fP also provides
a fully functional JavaScript environment for use with a MongoDB.
The \fI\%mongo\fP shell is part of the \fI\%MongoDB distributions\fP\&.
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
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.IP \(bu 2
Starting in MongoDB 4.2, the \fI\%mongo\fP shell displays a
warning message when connected to non\-genuine MongoDB instances as
these instances may behave differently from the official MongoDB
instances; e.g. missing or incomplete features, different feature
behaviors, etc.
.IP \(bu 2
Starting in version 4.0, \fI\%mongo\fP disables support for TLS 1.0
encryption on systems where TLS 1.1+ is available. For
more details, see 4.0\-disable\-tls\&.
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.SH SYNTAX
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.IP \(bu 2
You can run \fI\%mongo\fP shell without any command\-line
options use the default settings:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo
.ft P
.fi
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.IP \(bu 2
You can run \fI\%mongo\fP shell with a connection string that specifies the host and port and
other connection options. For example, the following includes the
\fBtls\fP:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo "mongodb://mongodb0.example.com:27017/testdb?tls=true"
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
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.sp
The \fBtls\fP option is available starting in MongoDB 4.2. In
earlier version, use the \fBssl\fP option.
.sp
To connect \fI\%mongo\fP shell to a replica set, you can
specify in the connection string the replica set members and name:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo "mongodb://mongodb0.example.com.local:27017,mongodb1.example.com.local:27017,mongodb2.example.com.local:27017/?replicaSet=replA"
.ft P
.fi
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.sp
For more information on the connection string options, see
/reference/connection\-string\&.
.IP \(bu 2
You can run \fI\%mongo\fP shell with various command\-line
options. For example:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo \-\-host mongodb0.example.com:27017 [additional options]

mongo \-\-host mongodb0.example.com \-\-port 27017 [additional options]
.ft P
.fi
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.sp
For more information on the options available, see \fI\%Options\fP\&.
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.SH OPTIONS
.INDENT 0.0
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.IP "Starting in version 4.2"
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.IP \(bu 2
MongoDB deprecates the SSL options and insteads adds new
corresponding TLS options.
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.SS Core Options
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-shell
Enables the shell interface. If you invoke the \fBmongo\fP command
and specify a JavaScript file as an argument, or use \fI\%\-\-eval\fP to
specify JavaScript on the command line, the \fI\%\-\-shell\fP option
provides the user with a shell prompt after the file finishes executing.
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.TP
.B \-\-nodb
Prevents the shell from connecting to any database instances. Later, to
connect to a database within the shell, see
mongo\-shell\-new\-connections\&.
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.TP
.B \-\-norc
Prevents the shell from sourcing and evaluating \fB~/.mongorc.js\fP on
start up.
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.B \-\-quiet
Silences output from the shell during the connection process.
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-port <port>
Specifies the port where the \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP
instance is listening. If \fI\%\-\-port\fP is not specified,
\fBmongo\fP attempts to connect to port \fB27017\fP\&.
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.TP
.B \-\-host <hostname>
Specifies the name of the host machine where the
\fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP is running. If this is not specified,
\fBmongo\fP attempts to connect to a MongoDB process running on
the localhost.
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.B To connect to a replica set,
Specify the \fBreplica set name\fP
and a seed list of set members. Use the following form:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
<replSetName>/<hostname1><:port>,<hostname2><:port>,<...>
.ft P
.fi
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.B For TLS/SSL connections (\fB\-\-ssl\fP),
The \fI\%mongo\fP shell verifies that the hostname (specified
in \fI\%\-\-host\fP option or the connection string)
matches the \fBSAN\fP (or, if \fBSAN\fP is not present, the \fBCN\fP) in
the certificate presented by the \fBmongod\fP or
\fBmongos\fP\&. If \fBSAN\fP is present, \fI\%mongo\fP
does not match against the \fBCN\fP\&. If the hostname does not match
the \fBSAN\fP (or \fBCN\fP), the \fI\%mongo\fP shell will fail to
connect.
.sp
Starting in MongoDB 4.2, when performing comparison of SAN, MongoDB
supports comparison of DNS names or IP addresses. In previous versions,
MongoDB only supports comparisons of DNS names.
.TP
.B For \fI\%DNS seedlist connections\fP,
Specify the connection protocol as \fBmongodb+srv\fP, followed by
the DNS SRV hostname record and any options. The \fBauthSource\fP
and \fBreplicaSet\fP options, if included in the connection string,
will override any corresponding DNS\-configured options set in the
TXT record. Use of the \fBmongodb+srv:\fP connection string
implicitly enables TLS/SSL (normally set with \fBssl=true\fP) for
the client connection. The TLS/SSL option can be turned off by
setting \fBssl=false\fP in the query string.
.sp
Example:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongodb+srv://server.example.com/?connectionTimeout=3000ms
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
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.sp
New in version 3.6.

.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-eval <javascript>
Evaluates a JavaScript expression that is specified as an argument.
\fBmongo\fP does not load its own environment when evaluating code.
As a result many options of the shell environment are not available.
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.TP
.B \-\-username <username>, \-u <username>
Specifies a username with which to authenticate to a MongoDB database
that uses authentication. Use in conjunction with the \fI\%\-\-password\fP and
\fI\%\-\-authenticationDatabase\fP options.
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.TP
.B \-\-password <password>, \-p <password>
Specifies a password with which to authenticate to a MongoDB database
that uses authentication. Use in conjunction with the \fI\%\-\-username\fP
and \fI\%\-\-authenticationDatabase\fP options. To force \fBmongo\fP to
prompt for a password, enter the \fI\%\-\-password\fP option as the
last option and leave out the argument.
.UNINDENT
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.B \-\-help, \-h
Returns information on the options and use of \fBmongo\fP\&.
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-version
Returns the \fBmongo\fP release number.
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-verbose
Increases the verbosity of the output of the shell during the connection
process.
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-networkMessageCompressors <string>
New in version 3.4.

.sp
Enables network compression for communication between this
\fBmongo\fP shell and:
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a \fBmongod\fP instance
.IP \(bu 2
a \fBmongos\fP instance.
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.sp
You can specify the following compressors:
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snappy
.IP \(bu 2
zlib (Available starting in MongoDB 3.6)
.IP \(bu 2
zstd (Available starting in MongoDB 4.2)
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.sp
\fBIMPORTANT:\fP
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.INDENT 3.5
Messages are compressed when both parties enable network
compression. Otherwise, messages between the parties are
uncompressed.
.UNINDENT
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.sp
If you specify multiple compressors, then the order in which you list
the compressors matter as well as the communication initiator. For
example, if a \fI\%mongo\fP shell specifies the following network
compressors \fBzlib,snappy\fP and the \fBmongod\fP specifies
\fBsnappy,zlib\fP, messages between \fI\%mongo\fP shell and
\fBmongod\fP uses \fBzlib\fP\&.
.sp
If the parties do not share at least one common compressor, messages
between the parties are uncompressed. For example, if a
\fI\%mongo\fP shell specifies the network compressor
\fBzlib\fP and \fBmongod\fP specifies \fBsnappy\fP, messages
between \fI\%mongo\fP shell and \fBmongod\fP are not compressed.
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.B \-\-ipv6
Enables IPv6 support. \fBmongo\fP disables IPv6 by default.
.sp
To connect to a MongoDB cluster via IPv6, you must specify
both \fI\%\-\-ipv6\fP \fIand\fP
\fI\%\-\-host <mongod/mongos IPv6 address>\fP
when starting the \fBmongo\fP shell.
.sp
\fBmongod\fP and \fBmongos\fP disable IPv6 support
by default. Specifying \fI\%\-\-ipv6\fP when connecting to a
\fBmongod/mongos\fP does not enable IPv6 support on the
\fBmongod/mongos\fP\&. For documentation on enabling IPv6 support
on the \fBmongod/mongos\fP, see \fBnet.ipv6\fP\&.
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.B <db name>
Specifies the name of the database to connect to. For
example:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo admin
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
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.sp
The above command will connect the \fBmongo\fP shell to the
admin database of the MongoDB deployment running on the local machine. You may specify a remote
database instance, with the resolvable hostname or IP address. Separate
the database name from the hostname using a \fB/\fP character. See the
following examples:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo mongodb1.example.net/test
mongo mongodb1/admin
mongo 10.8.8.10/test
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
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.sp
This syntax is the \fIonly\fP way to connect to a specific database.
.sp
To specify alternate hosts and a database, you must use this syntax and cannot
use \fI\%\-\-host\fP or \fI\%\-\-port\fP\&.
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.TP
.B \-\-enableJavaScriptJIT
New in version 4.0.

.sp
Enable the JavaScript engine\(aqs JIT compiler.
.UNINDENT
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.B \-\-disableJavaScriptJIT
Changed in version 4.0: The JavaScript engine\(aqs JIT compiler is now disabled by default.

.sp
Disables the JavaScript engine\(aqs JIT compiler.
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-disableJavaScriptProtection
New in version 3.4.

.sp
Allows fields of type javascript and
javascriptWithScope to be automatically
marshalled to JavaScript functions in the \fI\%mongo\fP
shell.
.sp
With the \fB\-\-disableJavaScriptProtection\fP flag set, it is possible
to immediately execute JavaScript functions contained in documents.
The following example demonstrates this behavior within the shell:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
> db.test.insert({ _id: 1, jsFunc: function(){ print("hello") } } )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> var doc = db.test.findOne({ _id: 1 })
> doc
{ "_id" : 1, "jsFunc" : function (){ print ("hello") } }
> typeof doc.jsFunc
function
> doc.jsFunc()
hello
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
The default behavior (when \fI\%mongo\fP starts \fIwithout\fP the
\fB\-\-disableJavaScriptProtection\fP flag) is to convert embedded
JavaScript functions to the non\-executable MongoDB shell type
\fBCode\fP\&. The following example demonstrates the default behavior
within the shell:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
> db.test.insert({ _id: 1, jsFunc: function(){ print("hello") } } )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> var doc = db.test.findOne({ _id: 1 })
> doc
{ "_id" : 1, "jsFunc" : { "code" : "function (){print(\e"hello\e")}" } }
> typeof doc.func
object
> doc.func instanceof Code
true
> doc.jsFunc()
2016\-11\-09T12:30:36.808\-0800 E QUERY    [thread1] TypeError: doc.jsFunc is
not a function :
@(shell):1:1
.ft P
.fi
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.B <file.js>
Specifies a JavaScript file to run and then exit. Generally this should
be the last option specified.
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.SS Optional
.sp
To specify a JavaScript file to execute \fIand\fP allow
\fBmongo\fP to prompt you for a password using
\fI\%\-\-password\fP, pass the filename as the first parameter with
\fI\%\-\-username\fP and \fI\%\-\-password\fP as the last options, as
in the following:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo file.js \-\-username username \-\-password
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.sp
Use the \fI\%\-\-shell\fP option to return to a shell after the file
finishes running.
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.SS Authentication Options
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.B \-\-authenticationDatabase <dbname>
Specifies the authentication database where the specified \fI\%\-\-username\fP has been created.
See user\-authentication\-database\&.
.sp
If you do not specify a value for \fI\%\-\-authenticationDatabase\fP, \fBmongo\fP uses the database
specified in the connection string.
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.B \-\-authenticationMechanism <name>
\fIDefault\fP: SCRAM\-SHA\-1
.sp
Specifies the authentication mechanism the \fBmongo\fP instance uses to
authenticate to the \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP\&.
.sp
Changed in version 4.0: MongoDB removes support for the deprecated MongoDB
Challenge\-Response (\fBMONGODB\-CR\fP) authentication mechanism.
.sp
MongoDB adds support for SCRAM mechanism using the SHA\-256 hash
function (\fBSCRAM\-SHA\-256\fP).

.TS
center;
|l|l|.
_
T{
Value
T}	T{
Description
T}
_
T{
SCRAM\-SHA\-1
T}	T{
\fI\%RFC 5802\fP standard
Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism using the SHA\-1
hash function.
T}
_
T{
SCRAM\-SHA\-256
T}	T{
\fI\%RFC 7677\fP standard
Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism using the SHA\-256
hash function.
.sp
Requires featureCompatibilityVersion set to \fB4.0\fP\&.
.sp
New in version 4.0.
T}
_
T{
MONGODB\-X509
T}	T{
MongoDB TLS/SSL certificate authentication.
T}
_
T{
GSSAPI (Kerberos)
T}	T{
External authentication using Kerberos. This mechanism is
available only in \fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&.
T}
_
T{
PLAIN (LDAP SASL)
T}	T{
External authentication using LDAP. You can also use \fBPLAIN\fP
for authenticating in\-database users. \fBPLAIN\fP transmits
passwords in plain text. This mechanism is available only in
\fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&.
T}
_
.TE
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.TP
.B \-\-gssapiHostName
New in version 2.6.

.sp
Specify the hostname of a service using GSSAPI/Kerberos\&. \fIOnly\fP required if the hostname of a machine does
not match the hostname resolved by DNS.
.sp
This option is available only in MongoDB Enterprise.
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-gssapiServiceName
New in version 2.6.

.sp
Specify the name of the service using GSSAPI/Kerberos\&. Only required if the service does not use the
default name of \fBmongodb\fP\&.
.sp
This option is available only in MongoDB Enterprise.
.UNINDENT
.SS TLS Options
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 0.0
.INDENT 3.5
Starting in version 4.0, \fI\%mongo\fP disables support for TLS 1.0
encryption on systems where TLS 1.1+ is available. For
more details, see 4.0\-disable\-tls\&.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.INDENT 3.5
.SS See
.sp
/tutorial/configure\-ssl for full
documentation of MongoDB\(aqs support.
.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tls
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Enables connection to a \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP that has
TLS/SSL support enabled.
.sp
Starting in version 3.2.6, if \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
(or their aliases \fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBssl.CAFile\fP) is not
specified, the system\-wide CA certificate store will be used when
connecting to an TLS/SSL\-enabled server. In previous versions of
MongoDB, the \fI\%mongo\fP shell exited with an error that it
could not validate the certificate.
.sp
To use x.509 authentication, \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
must be specified unless using \fB\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP or
\fB\-\-net.tls.certificateSelector\fP\&. Or if using the \fBssl\fP aliases,
\fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBnet.ssl.CAFile\fP must be specified unless using
\fB\-\-sslCertificateSelector\fP or \fBnet.ssl.certificateSelector\fP\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
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.B \-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile <filename>
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains both the TLS/SSL
certificate and key for the \fI\%mongo\fP shell. Specify the
file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or absolute paths.
.sp
This option is required when using the \fI\%\-\-tls\fP
option to connect to a \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP
instance that requires client certificates\&. That is, the
\fI\%mongo\fP shell present this certificate to the server.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-tlsCertificateKeyFilePassword <value>
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Specifies the password to de\-crypt the certificate\-key file (i.e.
\fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile\fP).
.sp
Use the \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFilePassword\fP option only if the
certificate\-key file is encrypted. In all cases, the \fBmongo\fP will
redact the password from all logging and reporting output.
.sp
If the private key in the PEM file is encrypted and you do not
specify the \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFilePassword\fP option, the \fBmongo\fP will prompt for a
passphrase. See ssl\-certificate\-password\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tlsCAFile <filename>
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains the root certificate
chain from the Certificate Authority. This file is used to validate
the certificate presented by the
\fBmongod\fP/\fBmongos\fP instance.
.sp
Specify the file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or
absolute paths.
.sp
Starting in version 3.2.6, if \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
(or their aliases \fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBssl.CAFile\fP) is not
specified, the system\-wide CA certificate store will be used when
connecting to an TLS/SSL\-enabled server. In previous versions of
MongoDB, the \fI\%mongo\fP shell exited with an error that it
could not validate the certificate.
.sp
To use x.509 authentication, \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
must be specified unless using \fB\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP or
\fB\-\-net.tls.certificateSelector\fP\&. Or if using the \fBssl\fP aliases,
\fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBnet.ssl.CAFile\fP must be specified unless using
\fB\-\-sslCertificateSelector\fP or \fBnet.ssl.certificateSelector\fP\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
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.TP
.B \-\-tlsCRLFile <filename>
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains the Certificate Revocation
List. Specify the file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or
absolute paths.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tlsAllowInvalidHostnames
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Disables the validation of the hostnames in the certificate presented
by the \fBmongod\fP/\fBmongos\fP instance. Allows
\fBmongo\fP to connect to MongoDB instances even if the hostname in
the server certificates do not match the server\(aqs host.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tlsAllowInvalidCertificates
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Bypasses the validation checks for the certificates presented by the
\fBmongod\fP/\fBmongos\fP instance and allows
connections to servers that present invalid certificates.
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
Starting in MongoDB 4.0, if you specify
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP or
\fBnet.ssl.allowInvalidCertificates: true\fP (or in MongoDB 4.2, the
alias \fB\-\-tlsAllowInvalidateCertificates\fP or
\fBnet.tls.allowInvalidCertificates: true\fP) when using x.509
authentication, an invalid certificate is only sufficient to
establish a TLS/SSL connection but is \fIinsufficient\fP for
authentication.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
# We created a separate blurb for tls in the ssl\-clients page.
.sp
\fBWARNING:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
Although available, avoid using the
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP option if possible. If the use of
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP is necessary, only use the option
on systems where intrusion is not possible.
.sp
If the \fI\%mongo\fP shell (and other
mongodb\-tools\-support\-ssl) runs with the
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP option, the
\fI\%mongo\fP shell (and other
mongodb\-tools\-support\-ssl) will not attempt to validate
the server certificates. This creates a vulnerability to expired
\fBmongod\fP and \fBmongos\fP certificates as
well as to foreign processes posing as valid
\fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP instances. If you
only need to disable the validation of the hostname in the
TLS/SSL certificates, see \fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidHostnames\fP\&.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
When using the \fBallowInvalidCertificates\fP setting,
MongoDB logs as a warning the use of the invalid certificate.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tlsFIPSMode
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Directs the \fBmongo\fP to use the FIPS mode of the TLS/SSL
library. Your system must have a FIPS compliant library to use
the \fI\%\-\-tlsFIPSMode\fP option.
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
FIPS\-compatible TLS/SSL is
available only in \fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&. See
/tutorial/configure\-fips for more information.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tlsCertificateSelector <parameter>=<value>
New in version 4.2: Available on Windows and macOS as an alternative to \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile\fP\&.
.sp
The \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile\fP and \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP options are mutually exclusive. You can only
specify one.

.sp
Specifies a certificate property in order to select a matching
certificate from the operating system\(aqs certificate store.
.sp
\fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP accepts an argument of the format \fB<property>=<value>\fP
where the property can be one of the following:
.TS
center;
|l|l|l|.
_
T{
Property
T}	T{
Value type
T}	T{
Description
T}
_
T{
\fBsubject\fP
T}	T{
ASCII string
T}	T{
Subject name or common name on certificate
T}
_
T{
\fBthumbprint\fP
T}	T{
hex string
T}	T{
A sequence of bytes, expressed as hexadecimal, used to
identify a public key by its SHA\-1 digest.
.sp
The \fBthumbprint\fP is sometimes referred to as a
\fBfingerprint\fP\&.
T}
_
.TE
.sp
When using the system SSL certificate store, OCSP (Online
Certificate Status Protocol) is used to validate the revocation
status of certificates.
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-tlsDisabledProtocols <string>
New in version 4.2.

.sp
Disables the specified TLS protocols. The option recognizes the
following protocols: \fBTLS1_0\fP, \fBTLS1_1\fP, \fBTLS1_2\fP, and
starting in version 4.0.4 (and 3.6.9), \fBTLS1_3\fP\&.
.INDENT 7.0
.IP \(bu 2
On macOS, you cannot disable \fBTLS1_1\fP and leave both \fBTLS1_0\fP and
\fBTLS1_2\fP enabled. You must also disable at least one of the other
two; for example, \fBTLS1_0,TLS1_1\fP\&.
.IP \(bu 2
To list multiple protocols, specify as a comma separated list of
protocols. For example \fBTLS1_0,TLS1_1\fP\&.
.IP \(bu 2
The specified disabled protocols overrides any default disabled
protocols.
.UNINDENT
.sp
Starting in version 4.0, MongoDB disables the use of TLS 1.0 if TLS
1.1+ is available on the system. To enable the
disabled TLS 1.0, specify \fBnone\fP to \fI\%\-\-tlsDisabledProtocols\fP\&.  See 4.0\-disable\-tls\&.
.UNINDENT
.SS SSL Options (Deprecated)
.sp
\fBIMPORTANT:\fP
.INDENT 0.0
.INDENT 3.5
Starting in version 4.2, the SSL options are deprecated. Use the TLS
counterparts instead. The SSL protocol is deprecated and MongoDB
supports TLS 1.0 and later.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 0.0
.INDENT 3.5
Starting in version 4.0, \fI\%mongo\fP disables support for TLS 1.0
encryption on systems where TLS 1.1+ is available. For
more details, see 4.0\-disable\-tls\&.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-ssl
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tls\fP instead.

.sp
Enables connection to a \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP that has
TLS/SSL support enabled.
.sp
Starting in version 3.2.6, if \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
(or their aliases \fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBssl.CAFile\fP) is not
specified, the system\-wide CA certificate store will be used when
connecting to an TLS/SSL\-enabled server. In previous versions of
MongoDB, the \fI\%mongo\fP shell exited with an error that it
could not validate the certificate.
.sp
To use x.509 authentication, \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
must be specified unless using \fB\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP or
\fB\-\-net.tls.certificateSelector\fP\&. Or if using the \fBssl\fP aliases,
\fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBnet.ssl.CAFile\fP must be specified unless using
\fB\-\-sslCertificateSelector\fP or \fBnet.ssl.certificateSelector\fP\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslPEMKeyFile <filename>
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile\fP instead.

.sp
Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains both the TLS/SSL certificate
and key. Specify the file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative
or absolute paths.
.sp
This option is required when using the \fB\-\-ssl\fP option to connect
to a \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP that has
\fBCAFile\fP enabled \fIwithout\fP
\fBallowConnectionsWithoutCertificates\fP\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslPEMKeyPassword <value>
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFilePassword\fP instead.

.sp
Specifies the password to de\-crypt the certificate\-key file (i.e.
\fB\-\-sslPEMKeyFile\fP). Use the \fI\%\-\-sslPEMKeyPassword\fP option only if the
certificate\-key file is encrypted. In all cases, the \fBmongo\fP will
redact the password from all logging and reporting output.
.sp
If the private key in the PEM file is encrypted and you do not
specify the \fI\%\-\-sslPEMKeyPassword\fP option, the \fBmongo\fP will prompt for a
passphrase. See ssl\-certificate\-password\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslCAFile <filename>
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsCAFile\fP instead.

.sp
Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains the root certificate chain
from the Certificate Authority. Specify the file name of the
\fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or absolute paths.
.sp
Starting in version 3.2.6, if \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
(or their aliases \fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBssl.CAFile\fP) is not
specified, the system\-wide CA certificate store will be used when
connecting to an TLS/SSL\-enabled server. In previous versions of
MongoDB, the \fI\%mongo\fP shell exited with an error that it
could not validate the certificate.
.sp
To use x.509 authentication, \fB\-\-tlsCAFile\fP or \fBnet.tls.CAFile\fP
must be specified unless using \fB\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP or
\fB\-\-net.tls.certificateSelector\fP\&. Or if using the \fBssl\fP aliases,
\fB\-\-sslCAFile\fP or \fBnet.ssl.CAFile\fP must be specified unless using
\fB\-\-sslCertificateSelector\fP or \fBnet.ssl.certificateSelector\fP\&.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslCertificateSelector <parameter>=<value>
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateSelector\fP instead.

.sp
New in version 4.0: Available on Windows and macOS as an alternative to \fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile\fP\&.
.sp
\fI\%\-\-tlsCertificateKeyFile\fP and \fI\%\-\-sslCertificateSelector\fP options are mutually exclusive. You can only
specify one.

.sp
Specifies a certificate property in order to select a matching
certificate from the operating system\(aqs certificate store.
.sp
\fI\%\-\-sslCertificateSelector\fP accepts an argument of the format \fB<property>=<value>\fP
where the property can be one of the following:
.TS
center;
|l|l|l|.
_
T{
Property
T}	T{
Value type
T}	T{
Description
T}
_
T{
\fBsubject\fP
T}	T{
ASCII string
T}	T{
Subject name or common name on certificate
T}
_
T{
\fBthumbprint\fP
T}	T{
hex string
T}	T{
A sequence of bytes, expressed as hexadecimal, used to
identify a public key by its SHA\-1 digest.
.sp
The \fBthumbprint\fP is sometimes referred to as a
\fBfingerprint\fP\&.
T}
_
.TE
.sp
When using the system SSL certificate store, OCSP (Online
Certificate Status Protocol) is used to validate the revocation
status of certificates.
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslCRLFile <filename>
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsCRLFile\fP instead.

.sp
Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains the Certificate Revocation
List. Specify the file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or
absolute paths.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslFIPSMode
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsFIPSMode\fP instead.

.sp
Directs the \fBmongo\fP to use the FIPS mode of the TLS/SSL
library. Your system must have a FIPS compliant library to use
the \fI\%\-\-sslFIPSMode\fP option.
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
FIPS\-compatible TLS/SSL is
available only in \fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&. See
/tutorial/configure\-fips for more information.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsAllowInvalidCertificates\fP instead.

.sp
Bypasses the validation checks for server certificates and allows
the use of invalid certificates to connect.
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
Starting in MongoDB 4.0, if you specify
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP or
\fBnet.ssl.allowInvalidCertificates: true\fP (or in MongoDB 4.2, the
alias \fB\-\-tlsAllowInvalidateCertificates\fP or
\fBnet.tls.allowInvalidCertificates: true\fP) when using x.509
authentication, an invalid certificate is only sufficient to
establish a TLS/SSL connection but is \fIinsufficient\fP for
authentication.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
# We created a separate blurb for tls in the ssl\-clients page.
.sp
\fBWARNING:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
Although available, avoid using the
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP option if possible. If the use of
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP is necessary, only use the option
on systems where intrusion is not possible.
.sp
If the \fI\%mongo\fP shell (and other
mongodb\-tools\-support\-ssl) runs with the
\fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates\fP option, the
\fI\%mongo\fP shell (and other
mongodb\-tools\-support\-ssl) will not attempt to validate
the server certificates. This creates a vulnerability to expired
\fBmongod\fP and \fBmongos\fP certificates as
well as to foreign processes posing as valid
\fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP instances. If you
only need to disable the validation of the hostname in the
TLS/SSL certificates, see \fB\-\-sslAllowInvalidHostnames\fP\&.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
When using the \fBallowInvalidCertificates\fP setting,
MongoDB logs as a warning the use of the invalid certificate.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslAllowInvalidHostnames
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsAllowInvalidHostnames\fP instead.

.sp
Disables the validation of the hostnames in TLS/SSL certificates. Allows
\fBmongo\fP to connect to MongoDB instances even if the hostname in their
certificates do not match the specified hostname.
.sp
For more information about TLS/SSL and MongoDB, see
/tutorial/configure\-ssl and
/tutorial/configure\-ssl\-clients .
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-sslDisabledProtocols <string>
Deprecated since version 4.2: Use \fI\%\-\-tlsDisabledProtocols\fP instead.

.sp
Disables the specified TLS protocols. The option recognizes the
following protocols: \fBTLS1_0\fP, \fBTLS1_1\fP, \fBTLS1_2\fP, and
starting in version 4.0.4 (and 3.6.9), \fBTLS1_3\fP\&.
.INDENT 7.0
.IP \(bu 2
On macOS, you cannot disable \fBTLS1_1\fP and leave both \fBTLS1_0\fP and
\fBTLS1_2\fP enabled. You must also disable at least one of the other
two; for example, \fBTLS1_0,TLS1_1\fP\&.
.IP \(bu 2
To list multiple protocols, specify as a comma separated list of
protocols. For example \fBTLS1_0,TLS1_1\fP\&.
.IP \(bu 2
The specified disabled protocols overrides any default disabled
protocols.
.UNINDENT
.sp
Starting in version 4.0, MongoDB disables the use of TLS 1.0 if TLS
1.1+ is available on the system. To enable the
disabled TLS 1.0, specify \fBnone\fP to \fI\%\-\-sslDisabledProtocols\fP\&.  See 4.0\-disable\-tls\&.
.sp
New in version 3.6.5.

.UNINDENT
.SS Sessions
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \-\-retryWrites
New in version 3.6.

.sp
Enables retryable writes as the default for sessions in the
\fI\%mongo\fP shell.
.sp
For more information on sessions, see sessions\&.
.UNINDENT
.SH FILES
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \fB~/.dbshell\fP
\fI\%mongo\fP maintains a history of commands in the \fB\&.dbshell\fP
file.
.sp
\fBNOTE:\fP
.INDENT 7.0
.INDENT 3.5
\fI\%mongo\fP does not record interaction related to
authentication in the history file, including
\fBauthenticate\fP and \fBdb.createUser()\fP\&.
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \fB~/.mongorc.js\fP
\fI\%mongo\fP will read the \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP file from the home
directory of the user invoking \fI\%mongo\fP\&. In the file, users
can define variables, customize the \fI\%mongo\fP shell prompt,
or update information that they would like updated every time they
launch a shell. If you use the shell to evaluate a JavaScript file
or expression either on the command line with \fI\%mongo \-\-eval\fP or
by specifying \fI\%a .js file to mongo\fP,
\fI\%mongo\fP will read the \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP file \fIafter\fP the
JavaScript has finished processing.
.sp
Specify the \fI\%\-\-norc\fP option to disable
reading \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP\&.
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B \fB/etc/mongorc.js\fP
Global \fBmongorc.js\fP file which the \fI\%mongo\fP shell
evaluates upon start\-up. If a user also has a \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP
file located in the \fI\%HOME\fP directory, the \fI\%mongo\fP
shell evaluates the global \fB/etc/mongorc.js\fP file \fIbefore\fP
evaluating the user\(aqs \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP file.
.sp
\fB/etc/mongorc.js\fP must have read permission for the user
running the shell. The \fI\%\-\-norc\fP option for \fI\%mongo\fP
suppresses only the user\(aqs \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP file.
.sp
On Windows, the global \fBmongorc.js </etc/mongorc.js>\fP exists
in the \fB%ProgramData%\eMongoDB\fP directory.
.TP
.B \fB/tmp/mongo_edit\fP\fI<time_t>\fP\fB\&.js\fP
Created by \fI\%mongo\fP when editing a file. If the file exists,
\fI\%mongo\fP will append an integer from \fB1\fP to \fB10\fP to the
time value to attempt to create a unique file.
.TP
.B \fB%TEMP%mongo_edit\fP\fI<time_t>\fP\fB\&.js\fP
Created by \fBmongo.exe\fP on Windows when editing a file. If
the file exists, \fI\%mongo\fP will append an integer from \fB1\fP
to \fB10\fP to the time value to attempt to create a unique file.
.UNINDENT
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B EDITOR
Specifies the path to an editor to use with the \fBedit\fP shell
command.  A JavaScript variable \fBEDITOR\fP will override the value of
\fI\%EDITOR\fP\&.
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B HOME
Specifies the path to the home directory where \fI\%mongo\fP will
read the \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP file and write the \fB\&.dbshell\fP
file.
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B HOMEDRIVE
On Windows systems, \fI\%HOMEDRIVE\fP specifies the path the
directory where \fI\%mongo\fP will read the \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP
file and write the \fB\&.dbshell\fP file.
.UNINDENT
.INDENT 0.0
.TP
.B HOMEPATH
Specifies the Windows path to the home directory where
\fI\%mongo\fP will read the \fB\&.mongorc.js\fP file and write
the \fB\&.dbshell\fP file.
.UNINDENT
.SH KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS
.sp
The \fI\%mongo\fP shell supports the following keyboard shortcuts:
[1]
.TS
center;
|l|l|.
_
T{
\fBKeybinding\fP
T}	T{
\fBFunction\fP
T}
_
T{
Up arrow
T}	T{
Retrieve previous command from history
T}
_
T{
Down\-arrow
T}	T{
Retrieve next command from history
T}
_
T{
Home
T}	T{
Go to beginning of the line
T}
_
T{
End
T}	T{
Go to end of the line
T}
_
T{
Tab
T}	T{
Autocomplete method/command
T}
_
T{
Left\-arrow
T}	T{
Go backward one character
T}
_
T{
Right\-arrow
T}	T{
Go forward one character
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-left\-arrow
T}	T{
Go backward one word
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-right\-arrow
T}	T{
Go forward one word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-left\-arrow
T}	T{
Go backward one word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-right\-arrow
T}	T{
Go forward one word
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-A
T}	T{
Go to the beginning of the line
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-B
T}	T{
Go backward one character
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-C
T}	T{
Exit the \fI\%mongo\fP shell
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-D
T}	T{
Delete a char (or exit the \fI\%mongo\fP shell)
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-E
T}	T{
Go to the end of the line
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-F
T}	T{
Go forward one character
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-G
T}	T{
Abort
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-J
T}	T{
Accept/evaluate the line
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-K
T}	T{
Kill/erase the line
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-L or type \fBcls\fP
T}	T{
Clear the screen
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-M
T}	T{
Accept/evaluate the line
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-N
T}	T{
Retrieve next command from history
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-P
T}	T{
Retrieve previous command from history
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-R
T}	T{
Reverse\-search command history
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-S
T}	T{
Forward\-search command history
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-T
T}	T{
Transpose characters
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-U
T}	T{
Perform Unix line\-discard
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-W
T}	T{
Perform Unix word\-rubout
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-Y
T}	T{
Yank
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-Z
T}	T{
Suspend (job control works in linux)
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-H
T}	T{
Backward\-delete a character
T}
_
T{
Ctrl\-I
T}	T{
Complete, same as Tab
T}
_
T{
Meta\-B
T}	T{
Go backward one word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-C
T}	T{
Capitalize word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-D
T}	T{
Kill word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-F
T}	T{
Go forward one word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-L
T}	T{
Change word to lowercase
T}
_
T{
Meta\-U
T}	T{
Change word to uppercase
T}
_
T{
Meta\-Y
T}	T{
Yank\-pop
T}
_
T{
Meta\-Backspace
T}	T{
Backward\-kill word
T}
_
T{
Meta\-<
T}	T{
Retrieve the first command in command history
T}
_
T{
Meta\->
T}	T{
Retrieve the last command in command history
T}
_
.TE
.IP [1] 5
MongoDB accommodates multiple keybinding.
Since 2.0, \fI\%mongo\fP includes support for basic emacs
keybindings.
.SH USE
.sp
Typically users invoke the shell with the \fI\%mongo\fP command at
the system prompt. Consider the following examples for other
scenarios.
.SS Connect to a \fBmongod\fP Instance with Access Control
.sp
To connect to a database on a remote host using authentication and a
non\-standard port, use the following form:
.INDENT 0.0
.INDENT 3.5
.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo \-\-username <user> \-\-password \-\-host <host> \-\-port 28015
.ft P
.fi
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.sp
Alternatively, consider the following short form:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo \-u <user> \-p  \-\-host <host> \-\-port 28015
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
Replace \fB<user>\fP and \fB<host>\fP with the appropriate values for your
situation and substitute or omit the \fI\%\-\-port\fP as
needed.
.sp
If you do not specify the password to the \fI\%\-\-password\fP or \fI\%\-p\fP command\-line option, the
\fI\%mongo\fP shell prompts for the password.
.SS Connect to a Replica Set Using the DNS Seedlist Connection Format
.sp
New in version 3.6.

.sp
To connect to a replica set described using the
connections\-dns\-seedlist, use the \fI\%\-\-host\fP option
to specify the connection string to the \fI\%mongo\fP shell. In
the following example, the DNS configuration resembles:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
Record                            TTL   Class    Priority Weight Port  Target
_mongodb._tcp.server.example.com. 86400 IN SRV   0        5      27317 mongodb1.example.com.
_mongodb._tcp.server.example.com. 86400 IN SRV   0        5      27017 mongodb2.example.com.
.ft P
.fi
.UNINDENT
.UNINDENT
.sp
The TXT record for the DNS entry includes the \fBreplicaSet\fP and \fBauthSource\fP options:
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.nf
.ft C
Record              TTL   Class    Text
server.example.com. 86400 IN TXT   "replicaSet=rs0&authSource=admin"
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.fi
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.UNINDENT
.sp
The following command then connects the \fI\%mongo\fP shell to
the replica set:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo \-\-host "mongodb+srv://server.example.com/?username=allison"
.ft P
.fi
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.UNINDENT
.sp
The \fI\%mongo\fP shell will automatically prompt you to provide
the password for the user specified in the \fBusername\fP option.
.SS Execute JavaScript Against the \fI\%mongo\fP Shell
.sp
To execute a JavaScript file without evaluating the \fB~/.mongorc.js\fP
file before starting a shell session, use the following form:
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.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo \-\-shell \-\-norc alternate\-environment.js
.ft P
.fi
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.sp
To execute a JavaScript file with authentication, with password prompted
rather than provided on the command\-line, use the following form:
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.INDENT 3.5
.sp
.nf
.ft C
mongo script\-file.js \-u <user> \-p
.ft P
.fi
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.sp
\fBSEE ALSO:\fP
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.INDENT 3.5
\fBisInteractive()\fP
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.SS Use \fI\%\-\-eval\fP to Print Query Results as JSON
.sp
To print return a query as JSON, from the system prompt using
the \fI\%\-\-eval\fP option, use the following form:
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.INDENT 3.5
.sp
.nf
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mongo \-\-eval \(aqdb.collection.find().forEach(printjson)\(aq
.ft P
.fi
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.sp
Use single quotes (e.g. \fB\(aq\fP) to enclose the JavaScript, as well as
the additional JavaScript required to generate this output.
.sp
\fBSEE ALSO:\fP
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.INDENT 3.5
.INDENT 0.0
.IP \(bu 2
/reference/mongo\-shell
.IP \(bu 2
/reference/method
.IP \(bu 2
/mongo
.IP \(bu 2
\fBisInteractive()\fP
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.UNINDENT
.SH AUTHOR
MongoDB Documentation Project
.SH COPYRIGHT
2008-2019
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