/**
 * Copyright (c) 2011 10gen Inc.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 * As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
 * code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
 * conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
 * linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
 * must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
 * for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
 * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
 * version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
 * wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
 * delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
 * then also delete it in the license file.
 */

#pragma once

#include <boost/intrusive_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include "mongo/platform/atomic_word.h"
#include "mongo/base/string_data.h"

namespace mongo {

/*
  IntrusiveCounter is a sharable implementation of a reference counter that
  objects can use to be compatible with boost::intrusive_ptr<>.

  Some objects that use IntrusiveCounter are immutable, and only have
  const methods.  This may require their pointers to be declared as
  intrusive_ptr<const ClassName> .  In order to be able to share pointers to
  these immutables, the methods associated with IntrusiveCounter are declared
  as const, and the counter itself is marked as mutable.

  IntrusiveCounter itself is abstract, allowing for multiple implementations.
  For example, IntrusiveCounterUnsigned uses ordinary unsigned integers for
  the reference count, and is good for situations where thread safety is not
  required.  For others, other implementations using atomic integers should
  be used.  For static objects, the implementations of addRef() and release()
  can be overridden to do nothing.
 */
    class IntrusiveCounter :
        boost::noncopyable {
    public:
        virtual ~IntrusiveCounter() {};

        // these are here for the boost intrusive_ptr<> class
        friend inline void intrusive_ptr_add_ref(const IntrusiveCounter *pIC) {
            pIC->addRef(); };
        friend inline void intrusive_ptr_release(const IntrusiveCounter *pIC) {
            pIC->release(); };

        virtual void addRef() const = 0;
        virtual void release() const = 0;
    };

    class IntrusiveCounterUnsigned :
        public IntrusiveCounter {
    public:
        // virtuals from IntrusiveCounter
        virtual void addRef() const;
        virtual void release() const;

        IntrusiveCounterUnsigned();

    private:
        mutable unsigned counter;
    };

    /// This is an alternative base class to the above ones (will replace them eventually)
    class RefCountable : boost::noncopyable {
    public:
        /// If false you have exclusive access to this object. This is useful for implementing COW.
        bool isShared() const {
            // TODO: switch to unfenced read method after SERVER-6973
            return reinterpret_cast<unsigned&>(_count) > 1;
        }

        friend void intrusive_ptr_add_ref(const RefCountable* ptr) {
            ptr->_count.addAndFetch(1);
        };

        friend void intrusive_ptr_release(const RefCountable* ptr) {
            if (ptr->_count.subtractAndFetch(1) == 0) {
                delete ptr; // uses subclass destructor and operator delete
            }
        };

    protected:
        RefCountable() {}
        virtual ~RefCountable() {}

    private:
        mutable AtomicUInt32 _count; // default initialized to 0
    };

    /// This is an immutable reference-counted string
    class RCString : public RefCountable {
    public:
        const char* c_str() const { return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this) + sizeof(RCString); }
        int size() const { return _size; }
        StringData stringData() const { return StringData(c_str(), _size); }

        static intrusive_ptr<const RCString> create(StringData s);

// MSVC: C4291: 'declaration' : no matching operator delete found; memory will not be freed if 
// initialization throws an exception
// We simply rely on the default global placement delete since a local placement delete would be 
// ambiguous for some compilers
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4291) 
        void operator delete (void* ptr) { free(ptr); }
#pragma warning(pop)

    private:
        // these can only be created by calling create()
        RCString() {};
        void* operator new (size_t objSize, size_t realSize) { return malloc(realSize); }

        int _size; // does NOT include trailing NUL byte.
        // char[_size+1] array allocated past end of class
    };

};

/* ======================= INLINED IMPLEMENTATIONS ========================== */

namespace mongo {

    inline IntrusiveCounterUnsigned::IntrusiveCounterUnsigned():
        counter(0) {
    }

};