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// mvar.h

/*    Copyright 2009 10gen Inc.
 *
 *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or  modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
 *    as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 *    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 *    As a special exception, the copyright holders give permission to link the
 *    code of portions of this program with the OpenSSL library under certain
 *    conditions as described in each individual source file and distribute
 *    linked combinations including the program with the OpenSSL library. You
 *    must comply with the GNU Affero General Public License in all respects
 *    for all of the code used other than as permitted herein. If you modify
 *    file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
 *    version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If you do not
 *    wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your version. If you
 *    delete this exception statement from all source files in the program,
 *    then also delete it in the license file.
 */

#pragma once

#include <boost/thread/recursive_mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/condition.hpp>

namespace mongo {

/* This is based on haskell's MVar synchronization primitive:
 * http://www.haskell.org/ghc/docs/latest/html/libraries/base/Control-Concurrent-MVar.html
 *
 * It is a thread-safe queue that can hold at most one object.
 * You can also think of it as a box that can be either full or empty.
 */

template <typename T>
class MVar {
public:
    enum State { EMPTY = 0, FULL };

    // create an empty MVar
    MVar() : _state(EMPTY) {}

    // creates a full MVar
    MVar(const T& val) : _state(FULL), _value(val) {}

    // puts val into the MVar and returns true or returns false if full
    // never blocks
    bool tryPut(const T& val) {
        // intentionally repeat test before and after lock
        if (_state == FULL)
            return false;
        Mutex::scoped_lock lock(_mutex);
        if (_state == FULL)
            return false;

        _state = FULL;
        _value = val;

        // unblock threads waiting to 'take'
        _condition.notify_all();

        return true;
    }

    // puts val into the MVar
    // will block if the MVar is already full
    void put(const T& val) {
        Mutex::scoped_lock lock(_mutex);
        while (!tryPut(val)) {
            // unlocks lock while waiting and relocks before returning
            _condition.wait(lock);
        }
    }

    // takes val out of the MVar and returns true or returns false if empty
    // never blocks
    bool tryTake(T& out) {
        // intentionally repeat test before and after lock
        if (_state == EMPTY)
            return false;
        Mutex::scoped_lock lock(_mutex);
        if (_state == EMPTY)
            return false;

        _state = EMPTY;
        out = _value;

        // unblock threads waiting to 'put'
        _condition.notify_all();

        return true;
    }

    // takes val out of the MVar
    // will block if the MVar is empty
    T take() {
        T ret = T();

        Mutex::scoped_lock lock(_mutex);
        while (!tryTake(ret)) {
            // unlocks lock while waiting and relocks before returning
            _condition.wait(lock);
        }

        return ret;
    }


    // Note: this is fast because there is no locking, but state could
    // change before you get a chance to act on it.
    // Mainly useful for sanity checks / asserts.
    State getState() {
        return _state;
    }


private:
    State _state;
    T _value;
    typedef boost::recursive_mutex Mutex;
    Mutex _mutex;
    boost::condition _condition;
};
}