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+---
+section: using-npm
+title: scope
+description: Scoped packages
+---
+# scope(7)
+
+## Scoped packages
+
+### Description
+
+All npm packages have a name. Some package names also have a scope. A scope
+follows the usual rules for package names (URL-safe characters, no leading dots
+or underscores). When used in package names, scopes are preceded by an `@` symbol
+and followed by a slash, e.g.
+
+```bash
+@somescope/somepackagename
+```
+
+Scopes are a way of grouping related packages together, and also affect a few
+things about the way npm treats the package.
+
+Each npm user/organization has their own scope, and only you can add packages
+in your scope. This means you don't have to worry about someone taking your
+package name ahead of you. Thus it is also a good way to signal official packages
+for organizations.
+
+Scoped packages can be published and installed as of `npm@2` and are supported
+by the primary npm registry. Unscoped packages can depend on scoped packages and
+vice versa. The npm client is backwards-compatible with unscoped registries,
+so it can be used to work with scoped and unscoped registries at the same time.
+
+### Installing scoped packages
+
+Scoped packages are installed to a sub-folder of the regular installation
+folder, e.g. if your other packages are installed in `node_modules/packagename`,
+scoped modules will be installed in `node_modules/@myorg/packagename`. The scope
+folder (`@myorg`) is simply the name of the scope preceded by an `@` symbol, and can
+contain any number of scoped packages.
+
+A scoped package is installed by referencing it by name, preceded by an
+`@` symbol, in `npm install`:
+
+```bash
+npm install @myorg/mypackage
+```
+
+Or in `package.json`:
+
+```json
+"dependencies": {
+  "@myorg/mypackage": "^1.3.0"
+}
+```
+
+Note that if the `@` symbol is omitted, in either case, npm will instead attempt to
+install from GitHub; see [`npm install`](/cli-commands/npm-install).
+
+### Requiring scoped packages
+
+Because scoped packages are installed into a scope folder, you have to
+include the name of the scope when requiring them in your code, e.g.
+
+```javascript
+require('@myorg/mypackage')
+```
+
+There is nothing special about the way Node treats scope folders. This
+simply requires the `mypackage` module in the folder named `@myorg`.
+
+### Publishing scoped packages
+
+Scoped packages can be published from the CLI as of `npm@2` and can be
+published to any registry that supports them, including the primary npm
+registry.
+
+(As of 2015-04-19, and with npm 2.0 or better, the primary npm registry
+**does** support scoped packages.)
+
+If you wish, you may associate a scope with a registry; see below.
+
+#### Publishing public scoped packages to the primary npm registry
+
+To publish a public scoped package, you must specify `--access public` with
+the initial publication. This will publish the package and set access
+to `public` as if you had run `npm access public` after publishing.
+
+#### Publishing private scoped packages to the npm registry
+
+To publish a private scoped package to the npm registry, you must have
+an [npm Private Modules](https://docs.npmjs.com/private-modules/intro)
+account.
+
+You can then publish the module with `npm publish` or `npm publish
+--access restricted`, and it will be present in the npm registry, with
+restricted access. You can then change the access permissions, if
+desired, with `npm access` or on the npmjs.com website.
+
+### Associating a scope with a registry
+
+Scopes can be associated with a separate registry. This allows you to
+seamlessly use a mix of packages from the primary npm registry and one or more
+private registries, such as npm Enterprise.
+
+You can associate a scope with a registry at login, e.g.
+
+```bash
+npm login --registry=http://reg.example.com --scope=@myco
+```
+
+Scopes have a many-to-one relationship with registries: one registry can
+host multiple scopes, but a scope only ever points to one registry.
+
+You can also associate a scope with a registry using `npm config`:
+
+```bash
+npm config set @myco:registry http://reg.example.com
+```
+
+Once a scope is associated with a registry, any `npm install` for a package
+with that scope will request packages from that registry instead. Any
+`npm publish` for a package name that contains the scope will be published to
+that registry instead.
+
+### See also
+
+* [npm install](/cli-commands/npm-install)
+* [npm publish](/cli-commands/npm-publish)
+* [npm access](/cli-commands/npm-access)
+* [npm registry](/using-npm/registry)