/* example to use pangocairo to render text projected on a path */ /* Written by Behdad Esfahbod, 2006. Not copyrighted, in public domain. */ #include #include #include void fancy_cairo_stroke (cairo_t *cr); void fancy_cairo_stroke_preserve (cairo_t *cr); static double two_points_distance (cairo_path_data_t *a, cairo_path_data_t *b) { double dx, dy; dx = b->point.x - a->point.x; dy = b->point.y - a->point.y; return sqrt (dx * dx + dy * dy); } typedef double parametrization_t; static parametrization_t * parametrize_path (cairo_path_t *path) { int i; cairo_path_data_t *data, current_point; parametrization_t *parametrization; parametrization = malloc (path->num_data * sizeof (parametrization[0])); for (i=0; i < path->num_data; i += path->data[i].header.length) { data = &path->data[i]; parametrization[i] = 0.0; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: current_point = data[1]; break; case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: parametrization[i] = two_points_distance (¤t_point, &data[1]); current_point = data[1]; break; case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: /* parametrization[i] = curve_length (current_point.point.x, current_point.point.x, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y, data[2].point.x, data[2].point.y, data[3].point.x, data[3].point.y); */ parametrization[i] = two_points_distance (¤t_point, &data[1]); parametrization[i] += two_points_distance (&data[1], &data[2]); parametrization[i] += two_points_distance (&data[2], &data[3]); current_point = data[3]; break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: break; } } return parametrization; } static void _fancy_cairo_stroke (cairo_t *cr, cairo_bool_t preserve) { int i; double line_width; cairo_path_t *path; cairo_path_data_t *data; const double dash[] = {10, 10}; cairo_save (cr); cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0); line_width = cairo_get_line_width (cr); path = cairo_copy_path (cr); cairo_new_path (cr); cairo_save (cr); cairo_set_line_width (cr, line_width / 3); cairo_set_dash (cr, dash, G_N_ELEMENTS (dash), 0); for (i=0; i < path->num_data; i += path->data[i].header.length) { data = &path->data[i]; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: cairo_move_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: cairo_line_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); cairo_move_to (cr, data[2].point.x, data[2].point.y); cairo_line_to (cr, data[3].point.x, data[3].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: break; } } cairo_stroke (cr); cairo_restore (cr); cairo_save (cr); cairo_set_line_width (cr, line_width * 4); cairo_set_line_cap (cr, CAIRO_LINE_CAP_ROUND); for (i=0; i < path->num_data; i += path->data[i].header.length) { data = &path->data[i]; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: cairo_move_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 0, 0); cairo_move_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 0, 0); cairo_move_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 0, 0); cairo_move_to (cr, data[2].point.x, data[2].point.y); cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 0, 0); cairo_move_to (cr, data[3].point.x, data[3].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 0, 0); break; } } cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 0, 0); cairo_stroke (cr); cairo_restore (cr); for (i=0; i < path->num_data; i += path->data[i].header.length) { data = &path->data[i]; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: cairo_move_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: cairo_line_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: cairo_curve_to (cr, data[1].point.x, data[1].point.y, data[2].point.x, data[2].point.y, data[3].point.x, data[3].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: cairo_close_path (cr); break; } } cairo_stroke (cr); if (preserve) cairo_append_path (cr, path); cairo_path_destroy (path); cairo_restore (cr); } void fancy_cairo_stroke (cairo_t *cr) { _fancy_cairo_stroke (cr, FALSE); } void fancy_cairo_stroke_preserve (cairo_t *cr) { _fancy_cairo_stroke (cr, TRUE); } typedef void (*transform_point_func_t) (void *closure, double *x, double *y); static void transform_path (cairo_path_t *path, transform_point_func_t f, void *closure) { int i; cairo_path_data_t *data; for (i=0; i < path->num_data; i += path->data[i].header.length) { data = &path->data[i]; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: f (closure, &data[3].point.x, &data[3].point.y); f (closure, &data[2].point.x, &data[2].point.y); case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: f (closure, &data[1].point.x, &data[1].point.y); break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: break; } } } typedef struct { cairo_path_t *path; parametrization_t *parametrization; } parametrized_path_t; static void point_on_path (parametrized_path_t *param, double *x, double *y) { int i; double ratio, oldy = *y, d = *x, dx, dy; cairo_path_data_t *data, current_point; cairo_path_t *path = param->path; parametrization_t *parametrization = param->parametrization; for (i=0; i + path->data[i].header.length < path->num_data && (d > parametrization[i] || path->data[i].header.type == CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO); i += path->data[i].header.length) { d -= parametrization[i]; data = &path->data[i]; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: current_point = data[1]; break; case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: current_point = data[1]; break; case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: current_point = data[3]; break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: break; } } data = &path->data[i]; switch (data->header.type) { case CAIRO_PATH_MOVE_TO: break; case CAIRO_PATH_LINE_TO: ratio = d / parametrization[i]; *x = current_point.point.x * (1 - ratio) + data[1].point.x * ratio; *y = current_point.point.y * (1 - ratio) + data[1].point.y * ratio; dx = -(current_point.point.x - data[1].point.x); dy = -(current_point.point.y - data[1].point.y); d = oldy; ratio = d / parametrization[i]; /*ratio = d / sqrt (dx * dx + dy * dy);*/ *x += -dy * ratio; *y += dx * ratio; break; case CAIRO_PATH_CURVE_TO: ratio = d / parametrization[i]; *x = current_point.point.x * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) + 3 * data[1].point.x * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) * ratio + 3 * data[2].point.x * (1 - ratio) * ratio * ratio + data[3].point.x * ratio * ratio * ratio; *y = current_point.point.y * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) + 3 * data[1].point.y * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) * ratio + 3 * data[2].point.y * (1 - ratio) * ratio * ratio + data[3].point.y * ratio * ratio * ratio; dx =-3 * current_point.point.x * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) + 3 * data[1].point.x * (1 - 4 * ratio + 3 * ratio * ratio) + 3 * data[2].point.x * ( 2 * ratio - 3 * ratio * ratio) + 3 * data[3].point.x * ratio * ratio; dy =-3 * current_point.point.y * (1 - ratio) * (1 - ratio) + 3 * data[1].point.y * (1 - 4 * ratio + 3 * ratio * ratio) + 3 * data[2].point.y * ( 2 * ratio - 3 * ratio * ratio) + 3 * data[3].point.y * ratio * ratio; d = oldy; ratio = d / sqrt (dx * dx + dy * dy); *x += -dy * ratio; *y += dx * ratio; break; case CAIRO_PATH_CLOSE_PATH: break; } } static void map_path_onto (cairo_t *cr, cairo_path_t *path) { cairo_path_t *current_path; parametrized_path_t param; param.path = path; param.parametrization = parametrize_path (path); current_path = cairo_copy_path (cr); cairo_new_path (cr); transform_path (current_path, (transform_point_func_t) point_on_path, ¶m); cairo_append_path (cr, current_path); } typedef void (*draw_path_func_t) (cairo_t *cr); static void draw_text (cairo_t *cr, double x, double y, const char *font, const char *text) { PangoLayout *layout; PangoLayoutLine *line; PangoFontDescription *desc; cairo_font_options_t *font_options; font_options = cairo_font_options_create (); cairo_font_options_set_hint_style (font_options, CAIRO_HINT_STYLE_NONE); cairo_font_options_set_hint_metrics (font_options, CAIRO_HINT_METRICS_OFF); cairo_set_font_options (cr, font_options); cairo_font_options_destroy (font_options); layout = pango_cairo_create_layout (cr); desc = pango_font_description_from_string (font); pango_layout_set_font_description (layout, desc); pango_font_description_free (desc); pango_layout_set_text (layout, text, -1); /* Use pango_layout_get_line() instead of pango_layout_get_line_readonly() * for older versions of pango */ line = pango_layout_get_line_readonly (layout, 0); cairo_move_to (cr, x, y); pango_cairo_layout_line_path (cr, line); g_object_unref (layout); } static void draw_twisted (cairo_t *cr, double x, double y, const char *font, const char *text) { cairo_path_t *path; cairo_save (cr); /* Decrease tolerance a bit, since it's going to be magnified */ cairo_set_tolerance (cr, 0.05); path = cairo_copy_path_flat (cr); /*path = cairo_copy_path (cr);*/ cairo_new_path (cr); draw_text (cr, x, y, font, text); map_path_onto (cr, path); cairo_fill_preserve (cr); cairo_save (cr); cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1); cairo_stroke (cr); cairo_restore (cr); cairo_restore (cr); } static void draw_dream (cairo_t *cr) { cairo_move_to (cr, 50, 650); cairo_rel_line_to (cr, 250, 50); cairo_rel_curve_to (cr, 250, 50, 600, -50, 600, -250); cairo_rel_curve_to (cr, 0, -400, -300, -100, -800, -300); cairo_set_line_width (cr, 1.5); cairo_set_source_rgba (cr, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0, 0.3); fancy_cairo_stroke_preserve (cr); draw_twisted (cr, 0, 0, "Serif 72", "It was a dream... Oh Just a dream..."); } static void draw_wow (cairo_t *cr) { cairo_move_to (cr, 400, 780); cairo_rel_curve_to (cr, 50, -50, 150, -50, 200, 0); cairo_scale (cr, 1.0, 2.0); cairo_set_line_width (cr, 2.0); cairo_set_source_rgba (cr, 0.3, 1.0, 0.3, 1.0); fancy_cairo_stroke_preserve (cr); draw_twisted (cr, -20, -150, "Serif 60", "WOW!"); } int main (int argc, char **argv) { cairo_t *cr; char *filename; cairo_status_t status; cairo_surface_t *surface; if (argc != 2) { g_printerr ("Usage: cairotwisted OUTPUT_FILENAME\n"); return 1; } filename = argv[1]; surface = cairo_image_surface_create (CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, 1000, 800); cr = cairo_create (surface); /* cairo_scale (cr, 0.5, 0.5); */ cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); cairo_paint (cr); draw_dream (cr); draw_wow (cr); cairo_destroy (cr); status = cairo_surface_write_to_png (surface, filename); cairo_surface_destroy (surface); if (status != CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) { g_printerr ("Could not save png to '%s'\n", filename); return 1; } return 0; }