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| -rw-r--r-- | README | 33 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/parted.texi | 251 |
2 files changed, 34 insertions, 250 deletions
@@ -3,25 +3,20 @@ GNU Parted GNU Parted is a program for manipulating partition tables. -WARNING: USING PARTED TO PERFORM FILE SYSTEM OPERATIONS IS DEPRECATED ---------------------------------------------------------------------- - -Parted retains (for now) the ability to create and modify a few types of -file systems, but that functionality is deprecated. Whenever possible, -we recommend that you use file-system-specific tools to create and -operate on file systems. For example, use the e2fsprogs programs -to operate on ext2, ext3 and ext4 file systems. Use programs from -the reiserfsprogs package if you want to manipulate reiserfs file -systems. Although Parted lets you do some of the same things, the -file-system-related code in parted is not as robust as the code in -more specialized, FS-specific packages. - -So far, we have good arguments for retaining the capability to resize -FAT and HFS file systems: as far as we know, no other free software -provides that functionality. However, all other FS-related functionality -will be removed from an upcoming release of Parted. Thus, you should -now avoid using the following commands: mkpartfs, mkfs, cp, move, check -since support for them will be removed. +WARNING: USING PARTED TO PERFORM FILE SYSTEM OPERATIONS IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Parted (post-2.4) no longer has the ability to create and modify file systems. +Use file-system-specific tools to create and operate on file systems. +For example, use the e2fsprogs programs to operate on ext2, ext3 and ext4 +file systems. Use programs from the reiserfsprogs package if you want to +manipulate reiserfs file systems. Although Parted lets you do some of the +same things, the file-system-related code in parted is not as robust as the +code in more specialized, FS-specific packages. + +Most FS-related functionality was removed after Parted 2.4. +Thus, the following commands are no longer supported: +mkpartfs, mkfs, cp, move, check, resize. See the file NEWS for a list of major changes in the current release. diff --git a/doc/parted.texi b/doc/parted.texi index 162f192..f6c64f5 100644 --- a/doc/parted.texi +++ b/doc/parted.texi @@ -202,11 +202,6 @@ Linux versions 2.0 and up, on Alpha, x86 PCs, PC98, Macintosh PowerPC, Sun hardw @item GNU/Hurd @end table -GNU libc 2.1 or higher is required. You can probably use older versions -by using the @samp{--disable-nls} option. @xref{Compiling, Building GNU -Parted}. (Note: I think we have now dropped this requirement. TODO: -check if libc 2.0 works!) - @node License @section Terms of distribution for GNU Parted @cindex license terms @@ -322,7 +317,7 @@ In command line mode, this is followed by one or more commands. For example: @example -# @kbd{parted /dev/sda resize 1 52Mb 104Mb mkfs 2 fat16} +# @kbd{parted /dev/sda mklabel gpt mkpart P1 ext3 1MiB 8MiB } @end example @noindent Options (like @kbd{--help}) can only be specified on the @@ -332,12 +327,12 @@ In interactive mode, commands are entered one at a time at a prompt, and modify the disk immediately. For example: @example -(parted) @kbd{resize 1 52.0005Mb 104.5Mb} -(parted) @kbd{mkfs 2 fat16} +(parted) @kbd{mklabel gpt} +(parted) @kbd{mkpart P1 ext3 1MiB 8MiB } @end example @noindent Unambiguous abbreviations are allowed. For example, you can -type ``p'' instead of ``print'', and ``resi'' instead of ``resize''. +type ``p'' instead of ``print'', and ``u'' instead of ``units''. Commands can be typed either in English, or your native language (if your language has been translated). This may create ambiguities. Commands are case-insensitive. @@ -346,40 +341,32 @@ Numbers indicating partition locations can be whole numbers or decimals. The suffix selects the unit, which may be one of those described in @ref{unit}, except CHS and compact. If no suffix is given, then the default unit is assumed. Negative numbers count back from the end of the disk, -with ``-1s'' indicating the end of the disk. Parted will compute sensible +with ``-1s'' indicating the sector at the end of the disk. +Parted will compute sensible ranges for the locations you specify (e.g. a range of +/- 500 MB when you specify the location in ``G''). Use the sector unit ``s'' to specify exact -locations. +locations. With parted-2.4 and newer, +IEC binary units like ``MiB'', ``GiB'', ``TiB'', etc., specify +exact locations as well. +See @xref{IEC binary units}. If you don't give a parameter to a command, Parted will prompt you for it. For example: @example -(parted) @kbd{resize 1} -Start? @kbd{0Gb} -End? @kbd{40Gb} +(parted) @kbd{mklabel} +New disk label type? @kbd{gpt} @end example Parted will always warn you before doing something that is potentially dangerous, unless the command is one of those that is inherently -dangerous (viz., rm, mklabel and mkfs). For example, if you attempt to -shrink a partition ``too much'' (i.e., by more than the free space -available), Parted will automatically reduce the shrinkage so that the -partition is the smallest it can be without losing data. If this size is -significantly different from the size requested, Parted will warn you. +dangerous (viz., rm, mklabel and mkpart). Since many partitioning systems have complicated constraints, Parted will usually do something slightly different to what you asked. (For example, create a partition starting at 10.352Mb, not 10.4Mb) If the calculated values differ too much, Parted will ask you for confirmation. -Currently ext3 filesystem functionality does not work. To manage ext3 type -filesystems use tools like resize2fs or mke2fs. Note that the currently -supported ext2 filesystem will be deprecated once ext3 support is finalized. -Further note that ext3 support will have limited functionality that is yet -to be defined. Use tools like resize2fs (8) and mke2fs (8) to manage these -types of filesystems. - @node Invoking Parted @section Command Line Options @@ -428,25 +415,22 @@ GNU Parted provides the following commands: @menu * align-check:: -* check:: -* cp:: * help:: * mklabel:: -* mkfs:: * mkpart:: -* mkpartfs:: -* move:: * name:: * print:: * quit:: * rescue:: -* resize:: * rm:: * select:: * set:: * unit:: @end menu +Note that after version 2.4, the following commands were removed: +check, cp, mkfs, mkpartfs, move, resize. + @node align-check @subsection align-check @cindex align-check, command description @@ -474,63 +458,6 @@ Example: @end deffn -@node check -@subsection check -@cindex check, command description -@cindex command description, check - -@deffn Command check @var{number} - -Checks if the file system on partition @var{number} has -any errors. - -Example: - -@example -(parted) @kbd{check 1} -@end example - -Check the file system on partition 1. -@end deffn - -@node cp -@subsection cp -@cindex cp, command description -@cindex command description, cp - -@deffn Command cp [@var{from-device}] @var{from-number} @var{to-number} - -Copies the file system on the partition @var{from-number} to partition -@var{to-number}, deleting the original contents of the destination -partition. - -An optional device parameter, @var{from-device} can be given, which -specifies which device the source partition is on. - -Supported file systems: -@itemize @bullet -@item ext2 -(provided the destination partition is larger than the source partition) - -@item fat16, fat32 -@item linux-swap -(equivalent to mkswap on destination partition) -@item reiserfs (if libreiserfs is installed) - -@end itemize - -Example: - -@example -(parted) @kbd{cp /dev/hdb 2 3} -@end example - -@c FIXME: this doesn't format right. -Copy partition 2 of @file{/dev/hdb} (i.e., @file{/dev/hdb2}) to partition -on 3, on the device Parted was loaded with, destroying the original -contents of partition 3. -@end deffn - @node help @subsection help @cindex help, command description @@ -543,10 +470,10 @@ Prints general help, or help on @var{command}. Example: @example -(parted) @kbd{help resize} +(parted) @kbd{help mklabel} @end example -Print help for the resize command. +Print help for the mklabel command. @end deffn @node mklabel @@ -586,33 +513,6 @@ Create an MS-DOS disk label. This is still the most common disk label for PCs. @end deffn -@node mkfs -@subsection mkfs -@cindex mkfs, command description -@cindex command description, mkfs - -@deffn Command mkfs @var{number} @var{fs-type} - -Makes a file system @var{fs-type} on partition @var{number}, destroying -all data that resides on that partition. - -Supported file systems: -@itemize @bullet -@item ext2 -@item fat16, fat32 -@item linux-swap -@item reiserfs (if libreiserfs is installed) -@end itemize - -Example: - -@example -(parted) @kbd{mkfs 2 fat32} -@end example - -Make a @var{fat32} file system on partition 2. -@end deffn - @node mkpart @subsection mkpart @cindex mkpart, command description @@ -658,79 +558,6 @@ megabytes into the disk. @end deffn -@node mkpartfs -@subsection mkpartfs -@cindex mkpartfs, command description -@cindex command description, mkpartfs - -@deffn Command mkpartfs @var{part-type} @var{fs-type} @var{start} @var{end} - -Creates a new partition of type @var{part-type} with a new file system -of type @var{fs-type} on it. The new partition will start @var{start} -megabytes, and end @var{end} megabytes from the beginning of the disk. -Do not use this command to recover a deleted partition (use mkpart -instead). Using this command is discouraged. Instead use mkpart -to create an empty partition, and then use external tools like mke2fs (8) -to create the filesystem. - -@var{part-type} is one of: primary, extended, logical. Extended and logical -are only used for msdos and dvh disk labels. - -@var{fs-type} must be one of these supported file systems: -@itemize @bullet -@item ext2 -@item fat16, fat32 -@item linux-swap -@item reiserfs (if libreiserfs is installed) -@end itemize - -Example: - -@example -(parted) @kbd{mkpartfs logical ext2 440 670} -@end example - -Make a logical partition and write an ext2 file system, starting 440 -megabytes and ending 670 megabytes from the beginning of the disk. -@end deffn - -@node move -@subsection move -@cindex move, command description -@cindex command description, move - -@deffn Command move @var{number} @var{start} @var{end} - -Moves partition on the disk, by moving its beginning to @var{start}. -You can't move a partition so that the old and new positions overlap. -That is, you can only move partitions into free space. If you want -to resize a partition in-place, use @command{resize}. - -Move never changes the partition number. - -Supported file systems: -@itemize @bullet -@item ext2 -(provided the destination partition is larger than the source partition) - -@item fat16, fat32 - -@item linux-swap - -@item reiserfs (if libreiserfs is installed) -@end itemize - -Example: - -@example -(parted) move 2 150M 500M -@end example - -Move the partition numbered 2 so that it begins 150 megabytes from the start of -the disk, and ends 500 megabytes from the start. - -@end deffn - @node name @subsection name @cindex name, command description @@ -856,45 +683,6 @@ It's back! :) @end deffn -@node resize -@subsection resize -@cindex resize, command description -@cindex command description, resize - -@deffn Command resize @var{number} @var{start} @var{end} - -Resizes the partition with number @var{number}. The partition will start -@var{start} from the beginning of the disk, and end @var{end} from the -beginning of the disk. resize never changes the partition number. Extended -partitions can be resized only so long as the new extended partition -completely contains all logical partitions. - -Note that Parted can manipulate partitions whether or not they have been -defragmented, so you do not need to defragment the disk before -using Parted. - -Supported file systems: -@itemize @bullet -@item ext2 -- restriction: the new @var{start} must be the same as -the old @var{start}. -@item fat16, fat32 -@item hfs, hfs+, hfsx -- restriction: the new @var{start} must be the same as -the old @var{start} and the new @var{end} must be smaller than the old -@var{end}. -@item linux-swap -@item reiserfs (if libreiserfs is installed) -@end itemize - -Example: - -@example -(parted) @kbd{resize 3 200M 850M} -@end example - -Resize partition 3, so that it begins 200 megabytes and ends 850 -megabytes from the beginning of the disk. -@end deffn - @node rm @subsection rm @cindex rm, command description @@ -904,7 +692,7 @@ megabytes from the beginning of the disk. @deffn Command rm @var{number} Removes the partition with number @var{number}. If you accidently delete -a partition with this command, use mkpart (@emph{not} mkpartfs) to +a partition with this command, use mkpart to recover it. Also, you can use the gpart program (@pxref{Related information}) to recover damaged disk labels. @@ -1098,6 +886,7 @@ do not satisfy all constraints, Parted will ask you for the nearest solution). Note that negative numbers count back from the end of the disk, with ``-1s'' pointing to the last sector of the disk. +@anchor{IEC binary units} Note that as of parted-2.4, when you specify start and/or end values using IEC binary units like ``MiB'', ``GiB'', ``TiB'', etc., parted treats those values as exact, and equivalent to the same number |