================================= pbr - Python Build Reasonableness ================================= A library for managing setuptools packaging needs in a consistent manner. `pbr` reads and then filters the `setup.cfg` data through a setup hook to fill in default values and provide more sensible behaviors, and then feeds the results in as the arguments to a call to `setup.py` - so the heavy lifting of handling python packaging needs is still being done by `setuptools`. Note that we don't support the `easy_install` aspects of setuptools: while we depend on setup_requires, for any install_requires we recommend that they be installed prior to running `setup.py install` - either by hand, or by using an install tool such as `pip`. What It Does ============ PBR can and does do a bunch of things for you: * **Version**: Manage version number based on git revisions and tags * **AUTHORS**: Generate AUTHORS file from git log * **ChangeLog**: Generate ChangeLog from git log * **Sphinx Autodoc**: Generate autodoc stub files for your whole module * **Requirements**: Store your dependencies in a pip requirements file * **long_description**: Use your README file as a long_description * **Smart find_packages**: Smartly find packages under your root package Version ------- Versions can be managed two ways - postversioning and preversioning. Postversioning is the default, and preversioning is enabeld by setting ``version`` in the setup.cfg ``metadata`` section. In both cases version strings are inferred from git. If a given revision is tagged, that's the version. If it's not, then we take the last tagged version number and increment it to get a minimum target version. We then walk git history back to the last release. Within each commit we look for a Sem-Ver: pseudo header, and if found parse it looking for keywords. Unknown symbols are not an error (so that folk can't wedge pbr or break their tree), but we will emit an info level warning message. Known symbols: ``feature``, ``api-break``, ``deprecation``, ``bugfix``. A missing Sem-Ver line is equivalent to ``Sem-Ver: bugfix``. The ``bugfix`` symbol causes a patch level increment to the version. The ``feature`` and ``deprecation`` symbols cause a minor version increment. The ``api-break`` symbol causes a major version increment. If postversioning is in use, we use the resulting version number as the target version. If preversioning is in use - that is if there is a version set in setup.cfg metadata - then we check that that version is higher than the target version we inferred above. If it is not, we raise an error, otherwise we use the version from setup.cfg as the target. We then generate dev version strings based on the commits since the last release and include the current git sha to disambiguate multiple dev versions with the same number of commits since the release. .. note:: Note that `pbr` expects git tags to be signed, for using it to calculate version. The versions are expected to be compliant with :doc:`semver`. The ``version.SemanticVersion`` class can be used to query versions of a package and present it in various forms - ``debian_version()``, ``release_string()``, ``rpm_string()``, ``version_string()``, or ``version_tuple()``. AUTHORS and ChangeLog --------------------- Why keep an AUTHORS or a ChangeLog file, when git already has all of the information you need. AUTHORS generation supports filtering/combining based on a standard .mailmap file. Sphinx Autodoc -------------- Sphinx can produce auto documentation indexes based on signatures and docstrings of your project- but you have to give it index files to tell it to autodoc each module. That's kind of repetitive and boring. PBR will scan your project, find all of your modules, and generate all of the stub files for you. Sphinx documentation setups are altered to generate man pages by default. They also have several pieces of information that are known to setup.py injected into the sphinx config. Requirements ------------ You may not have noticed, but there are differences in how pip requirements.txt files work and how distutils wants to be told about requirements. The pip way is nicer, because it sure does make it easier to populate a virtualenv for testing, or to just install everything you need. Duplicating the information, though, is super lame. So PBR will let you keep requirements.txt format files around describing the requirements for your project, will parse them and split them up appropriately, and inject them into the install_requires and/or tests_require and/or dependency_links arguments to setup. Voila! You can also have a requirement file for each specific major version of Python. If you want to have a different package list for Python 3, just drop a requirements-py3.txt, and it will be used instead. The requirement files are tried in that order (N being the Python major version number used to install the package): * requirements-pyN.txt * tools/pip-requires-py3 * requirements.txt * tools/pip-requires Only the first file found is used to install the list of packages it contains. Extra requirements ------------------ Groups of optional dependencies (`"extra" requirements `_) can be described in your setup.cfg, rather than needing to be added to setup.py. An example (which also demonstrates the use of environment markers) is shown below. Environment markers ------------------- Environment markers are `conditional dependencies `_ which can be added to the requirements (or to a group of extra requirements) automatically, depending on the environment the installer is running in. They can be added to requirements in the requirements file, or to extras definied in setup.cfg - but the format is slightly different for each. For ``requirements.txt``:: argparse; python=='2.6' will result in the package depending on ``argparse`` only if it's being installed into python2.6 For extras specifed in setup.cfg, add an ``extras`` section. For instance, to create two groups of extra requirements with additional constraints on the environment, you can use:: [extras] security = aleph bet :python_environment=='3.2' gimel :python_environment=='2.7' testing = quux :python_environment=='2.7' long_description ---------------- There is no need to maintain two long descriptions- and your README file is probably a good long_description. So we'll just inject the contents of your README.rst, README.txt or README file into your empty long_description. Yay for you. Usage ===== pbr requires a distribution to use distribute. Your distribution must include a distutils2-like setup.cfg file, and a minimal setup.py script. A simple sample can be found in pbr's own setup.cfg (it uses its own machinery to install itself):: [metadata] name = pbr author = OpenStack Foundation author-email = openstack-dev@lists.openstack.org summary = OpenStack's setup automation in a reusable form description-file = README license = Apache-2 classifier = Development Status :: 4 - Beta Environment :: Console Environment :: OpenStack Intended Audience :: Developers Intended Audience :: Information Technology License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License Operating System :: OS Independent Programming Language :: Python keywords = setup distutils [files] packages = pbr data_files = etc/pbr = etc/* etc/init = pbr.packaging.conf pbr.version.conf [entry_points] console_scripts = pbr = pbr.cmd:main pbr.config.drivers = plain = pbr.cfg.driver:Plain The minimal setup.py should look something like this:: #!/usr/bin/env python from setuptools import setup setup( setup_requires=['pbr'], pbr=True, ) Note that it's important to specify `pbr=True` or else the pbr functionality will not be enabled. It should also work fine if additional arguments are passed to `setup()`, but it should be noted that they will be clobbered by any options in the setup.cfg file. files ----- The format of the files section is worth explaining. There are three fundamental keys one is likely to care about, `packages`, `namespace_packages`, and `data_files`. `packages` is a list of top-level packages that should be installed. The behavior of packages is similar to `setuptools.find_packages` in that it recurses the python package hierarchy below the given top level and installs all of it. If `packages` is not specified, it defaults to the name given in the `[metadata]` section. `namespace_packages` is the same, but is a list of packages that provide namespace packages. `data_files` lists files to be installed. The format is an indented block that contains key value pairs which specify target directory and source file to install there. More than one source file for a directory may be indicated with a further indented list. Source files are stripped of leading directories. Additionally, `pbr` supports a simple file globbing syntax for installing entire directory structures, so:: [files] data_files = etc/pbr = etc/pbr/* etc/neutron = etc/api-paste.ini etc/dhcp-agent.ini etc/init.d = neutron.init Will result in `/etc/neutron` containing `api-paste.ini` and `dhcp-agent.ini`, both of which pbr will expect to find in the `etc` directory in the root of the source tree. Additionally, `neutron.init` from that dir will be installed in `/etc/init.d`. All of the files and directories located under `etc/pbr` in the source tree will be installed into `/etc/pbr`. entry_points ------------ The general syntax of specifying entry points is a top level name indicating the entry point group name, followed by one or more key value pairs naming the entry point to be installed. For instance:: [entry_points] console_scripts = pbr = pbr.cmd:main pbr.config.drivers = plain = pbr.cfg.driver:Plain fancy = pbr.cfg.driver:Fancy Will cause a console script called `pbr` to be installed that executes the `main` function found in `pbr.cmd`. Additionally, two entry points will be installed for `pbr.config.drivers`, one called `plain` which maps to the `Plain` class in `pbr.cfg.driver` and one called `fancy` which maps to the `Fancy` class in `pbr.cfg.driver`. Additional Docs =============== .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 packagers semver testing Indices and tables ================== * :ref:`genindex` * :ref:`modindex` * :ref:`search`