Upgrade to Tie::File 0.19.

p4raw-id: //depot/perl@15245

21 files changed, 1155 insertions, 218 deletions

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index 0969cbccfd..aa0fce643c 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -1422,6 +1422,7 @@ lib/Tie/Array/splice.t		Test for Tie::Array::SPLICE
 lib/Tie/Array/std.t		Test for Tie::StdArray
 lib/Tie/Array/stdpush.t		Test for Tie::StdArray
 lib/Tie/File.pm                 Files as tied arrays.
+lib/Tie/File/t/00_version.t     Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/File/t/01_gen.t         Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/File/t/02_fetchsize.t   Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/File/t/03_longfetch.t   Test for Tie::File.
@@ -1439,6 +1440,10 @@ lib/Tie/File/t/14_lock.t        Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/File/t/15_pushpop.t     Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/File/t/16_handle.t      Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/File/t/17_misc_meth.t   Test for Tie::File.
+lib/Tie/File/t/18_rs_fixrec.t   Test for Tie::File.
+lib/Tie/File/t/19_cache.t       Test for Tie::File.
+lib/Tie/File/t/20_cache_full.t  Test for Tie::File.
+lib/Tie/File/t/21_win32.t       Test for Tie::File.
 lib/Tie/Handle.pm		Base class for tied handles
 lib/Tie/Handle/stdhandle.t	Test for Tie::StdHandle
 lib/Tie/Hash.pm			Base class for tied hashes
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File.pm b/lib/Tie/File.pm
index 15ccaa9182..f0a864daf6 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File.pm
+++ b/lib/Tie/File.pm
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 use Fcntl 'O_CREAT', 'O_RDWR', 'LOCK_EX';
 require 5.005;
 
-$VERSION = "0.17";
+$VERSION = "0.19";
 
 # Idea: The object will always contain an array of byte offsets
 # this will be filled in as is necessary and convenient.
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ $VERSION = "0.17";
 
 # Record numbers start at ZERO.
 
-my $DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE = 1<<21;    # 2 megabytes
+my $DEFAULT_MEMORY_SIZE = 1<<21;    # 2 megabytes
+
+my %good_opt = map {$_ => 1, "-$_" => 1} 
+               qw(memory dw_size mode recsep discipline);
 
 sub TIEARRAY {
   if (@_ % 2 != 0) {
@@ -29,13 +32,28 @@ sub TIEARRAY {
 
   # transform '-foo' keys into 'foo' keys
   for my $key (keys %opts) {
+    unless ($good_opt{$key}) {
+      croak("$pack: Unrecognized option '$key'\n");
+    }
     my $okey = $key;
     if ($key =~ s/^-+//) {
       $opts{$key} = delete $opts{$okey};
     }
   }
 
-  $opts{cachesize} ||= $DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE;
+  unless (defined $opts{memory}) {
+    # default is the larger of the default cache size and the 
+    # deferred-write buffer size (if specified)
+    $opts{memory} = $DEFAULT_MEMORY_SIZE;
+    $opts{memory} = $opts{dw_size} 
+      if defined $opts{dw_size} && $opts{dw_size} > $DEFAULT_MEMORY_SIZE;
+  }
+  $opts{dw_size} = $opts{memory} unless defined $opts{dw_size};
+  if ($opts{dw_size} > $opts{memory}) {
+      croak("$pack: dw_size may not be larger than total memory allocation\n");
+  }
+  $opts{deferred} = {};         # no records presently deferred
+  $opts{deferred_s} = 0;        # count of total bytes in ->{deferred}
 
   # the cache is a hash instead of an array because it is likely to be
   # sparsely populated
@@ -45,7 +63,9 @@ sub TIEARRAY {
 
   $opts{offsets} = [0];
   $opts{filename} = $file;
-  $opts{recsep} = $/ unless defined $opts{recsep};
+  unless (defined $opts{recsep}) { 
+    $opts{recsep} = _default_recsep();
+  }
   $opts{recseplen} = length($opts{recsep});
   if ($opts{recseplen} == 0) {
     croak "Empty record separator not supported by $pack";
@@ -67,6 +87,12 @@ sub TIEARRAY {
     binmode $fh;
   }
   { my $ofh = select $fh; $| = 1; select $ofh } # autoflush on write
+  if (defined $opts{discipline} && $] >= 5.006) {
+    # This avoids a compile-time warning under 5.005
+    eval 'binmode($fh, $opts{discipline})';
+    croak $@ if $@ =~ /unknown discipline/i;
+    die if $@;
+  }
   $opts{fh} = $fh;
 
   bless \%opts => $pack;
@@ -89,6 +115,19 @@ sub FETCH {
   my $fh = $self->{FH};
   $self->_seek($n);             # we can do this now that offsets is populated
   my $rec = $self->_read_record;
+
+# If we happen to have just read the first record, check to see if
+# the length of the record matches what 'tell' says.  If not, Tie::File
+# won't work, and should drop dead.
+#
+#  if ($n == 0 && defined($rec) && tell($self->{fh}) != length($rec)) {
+#    if (defined $self->{discipline}) {
+#      croak "I/O discipline $self->{discipline} not supported";
+#    } else {
+#      croak "File encoding not supported";
+#    }
+#  }
+
   $self->_cache_insert($n, $rec) if defined $rec;
   $rec;
 }
@@ -98,9 +137,7 @@ sub STORE {
 
   $self->_fixrecs($rec);
 
-  # TODO: what should we do about the cache?  Install the new record
-  # in the cache only if the old version of the same record was
-  # already there?
+  return $self->_store_deferred($n, $rec) if $self->{defer};
 
   # We need this to decide whether the new record will fit
   # It incidentally populates the offsets table 
@@ -109,8 +146,12 @@ sub STORE {
 
   # _check_cache promotes record $n to MRU.  Is this correct behavior?
   if (my $cached = $self->_check_cache($n)) {
+    my $len_diff = length($rec) - length($cached);
     $self->{cache}{$n} = $rec;
-    $self->{cached} += length($rec) - length($cached);
+    $self->{cached} += $len_diff;
+    $self->_cache_flush 
+      if $len_diff > 0
+        && $self->{deferred_s} + $self->{cached} > $self->{memory};
   }
 
   if (not defined $oldrec) {
@@ -120,6 +161,7 @@ sub STORE {
   }
   my $len_diff = length($rec) - length($oldrec);
 
+  # length($oldrec) here is not consistent with text mode  TODO XXX BUG
   $self->_twrite($rec, $self->{offsets}[$n], length($oldrec));
 
   # now update the offsets
@@ -130,6 +172,21 @@ sub STORE {
   }
 }
 
+sub _store_deferred {
+  my ($self, $n, $rec) = @_;
+  $self->_uncache($n);
+  my $old_deferred = $self->{deferred}{$n};
+  $self->{deferred}{$n} = $rec;
+  $self->{deferred_s} += length($rec);
+  $self->{deferred_s} -= length($old_deferred) if defined $old_deferred;
+  if ($self->{deferred_s} > $self->{dw_size}) {
+    $self->flush;
+    $self->defer;               # flush clears the 'defer' flag
+  } elsif ($self->{deferred_s} + $self->{cached} > $self->{memory}) {
+    $self->_cache_flush;
+  }
+}
+
 sub FETCHSIZE {
   my $self = shift;
   my $n = $#{$self->{offsets}};
@@ -154,6 +211,7 @@ sub STORESIZE {
   $self->_seek($len);
   $self->_chop_file;
   $#{$self->{offsets}} = $len;
+#  $self->{offsets}[0] = 0;      # in case we just chopped this
   my @cached = grep $_ >= $len, keys %{$self->{cache}};
   $self->_uncache(@cached);
 }
@@ -222,6 +280,16 @@ sub EXISTS {
 }
 
 sub SPLICE {
+  my $self = shift;
+  $self->_flush if $self->{defer};
+  $self->_splice(@_);
+}
+
+sub DESTROY {
+  $self->flush if $self->{defer};
+}
+
+sub _splice {
   my ($self, $pos, $nrecs, @data) = @_;
   my @result;
 
@@ -308,11 +376,19 @@ sub SPLICE {
   # moved records - records past the site of the change
   # need to be renumbered
   # Maybe merge this with the previous block?
-  for (keys %{$self->{cache}}) {
-    next unless $_ >= $pos + $nrecs;
-    $self->{cache}{$_-$nrecs+@data} = delete $self->{cache}{$_};
+  {
+    my %adjusted;
+    for (keys %{$self->{cache}}) {
+      next unless $_ >= $pos + $nrecs;
+      $adjusted{$_-$nrecs+@data} = delete $self->{cache}{$_};
+    }
+    @{$self->{cache}}{keys %adjusted} = values %adjusted;
+#    for (keys %{$self->{cache}}) {
+#      next unless $_ >= $pos + $nrecs;
+#      $self->{cache}{$_-$nrecs+@data} = delete $self->{cache}{$_};
+#    }
   }
-
+    
   # fix the LRU queue
   my(@new, @changed);
   for (@{$self->{lru}}) {
@@ -326,6 +402,11 @@ sub SPLICE {
   }
   @{$self->{lru}} = (@new, @changed);
 
+  # Now there might be too much data in the cache, if we spliced out
+  # some short records and spliced in some long ones.  If so, flush
+  # the cache.
+  $self->_cache_flush;
+
   # Yes, the return value of 'splice' *is* actually this complicated
   wantarray ? @result : @result ? $result[-1] : undef;
 }
@@ -460,13 +541,13 @@ sub _cache_insert {
   my ($self, $n, $rec) = @_;
 
   # Do not cache records that are too big to fit in the cache.
-  return unless length $rec <= $self->{cachesize};
+  return unless length $rec <= $self->{memory};
 
   $self->{cache}{$n} = $rec;
   $self->{cached} += length $rec;
   push @{$self->{lru}}, $n;     # most-recently-used is at the END
 
-  $self->_cache_flush if $self->{cached} > $self->{cachesize};
+  $self->_cache_flush if $self->{cached} > $self->{memory};
 }
 
 sub _uncache {
@@ -492,10 +573,10 @@ sub _check_cache {
 
 sub _cache_flush {
   my ($self) = @_;
-  while ($self->{cached} > $self->{cachesize}) {
+  while ($self->{cached} + $self->{deferred_s} > $self->{memory}) {
     my $lru = shift @{$self->{lru}};
-    $self->{cached} -= length $lru;
-    delete $self->{cache}{$lru};
+    my $rec = delete $self->{cache}{$lru};
+    $self->{cached} -= length $rec;
   }
 }
 
@@ -551,18 +632,76 @@ sub flock {
   flock $fh, $op;
 }
 
+# Defer writes
+sub defer {
+  my $self = shift;
+  $self->{defer} = 1;
+}
+
+# Flush deferred writes
+#
+# This could be better optimized to write the file in one pass, instead
+# of one pass per block of records.  But that will require modifications
+# to _twrite, so I should have a good _twite test suite first.
+sub flush {
+  my $self = shift;
+
+  $self->_flush;
+  $self->{defer} = 0;
+}
+
+sub _flush {
+  my $self = shift;
+  my @writable = sort {$a<=>$b} (keys %{$self->{deferred}});
+  
+  while (@writable) {
+    # gather all consecutive records from the front of @writable
+    my $first_rec = shift @writable;
+    my $last_rec = $first_rec+1;
+    ++$last_rec, shift @writable while @writable && $last_rec == $writable[0];
+    --$last_rec;
+    $self->_fill_offsets_to($last_rec);
+    $self->_extend_file_to($last_rec);
+    $self->_splice($first_rec, $last_rec-$first_rec+1, 
+                   @{$self->{deferred}}{$first_rec .. $last_rec});
+  }
+
+  $self->discard;               # clear out defered-write-cache
+}
+
+# Discard deferred writes
+sub discard {
+  my $self = shift;
+  undef $self->{deferred};
+  $self->{deferred_s} = 0;
+  $self->{defer} = 0;
+}
+
+# Not yet implemented
+sub autodefer { }
+
+sub _default_recsep {
+  my $recsep = $/;
+  if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
+    # Windows users expect files to be terminated with \r\n
+    # But $/ is set to \n instead
+    # Note that this also transforms \n\n into \r\n\r\n.
+    # That is a feature.
+    $recsep =~ s/\n/\r\n/g;
+  }
+  $recsep;
+}
+
 # Given a file, make sure the cache is consistent with the
 # file contents
 sub _check_integrity {
   my ($self, $file, $warn) = @_;
   my $good = 1; 
 
-
   if (not defined $self->{offsets}[0]) {
     $warn && print STDERR "# offset 0 is missing!\n";
     $good = 0;
   } elsif ($self->{offsets}[0] != 0) {
-    $warn && print STDERR "# offset 0 is missing!\n";
     $warn && print STDERR "# rec 0: offset <$self->{offsets}[0]> s/b 0!\n";
     $good = 0;
   }
@@ -589,15 +728,15 @@ sub _check_integrity {
     }
   }
 
-  my $cachesize = 0;
+  my $memory = 0;
   while (my ($n, $r) = each %{$self->{cache}}) {
-    $cachesize += length($r);
+    $memory += length($r);
     next if $n+1 <= $.;         # checked this already
     $warn && print STDERR "# spurious caching of record $n\n";
     $good = 0;
   }
-  if ($cachesize != $self->{cached}) {
-    $warn && print STDERR "# cache size is $self->{cached}, should be $cachesize\n";
+  if ($memory != $self->{cached}) {
+    $warn && print STDERR "# cache size is $self->{cached}, should be $memory\n";
     $good = 0;
   }
 
@@ -605,7 +744,7 @@ sub _check_integrity {
   for (@{$self->{lru}}) {
     $seen{$_}++;
     if (not exists $self->{cache}{$_}) {
-      print "# $_ is mentioned in the LRU queue, but not in the cache\n";
+      $warn && print "# $_ is mentioned in the LRU queue, but not in the cache\n";
       $good = 0;
     }
   }
@@ -613,7 +752,7 @@ sub _check_integrity {
   if (@duplicate) {
     my $records = @duplicate == 1 ? 'Record' : 'Records';
     my $appear  = @duplicate == 1 ? 'appears' : 'appear';
-    print "# $records @duplicate $appear multiple times in LRU queue: @{$self->{lru}}\n";
+    $warn && print "# $records @duplicate $appear multiple times in LRU queue: @{$self->{lru}}\n";
     $good = 0;
   }
   for (keys %{$self->{cache}}) {
@@ -634,7 +773,7 @@ Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 
-	# This file documents Tie::File version 0.17
+	# This file documents Tie::File version 0.19
 
 	tie @array, 'Tie::File', filename or die ...;
 
@@ -666,17 +805,21 @@ gigantic files.
 
 Changes to the array are reflected in the file immediately.
 
+Lazy people may now stop reading the manual.
+
 =head2 C<recsep>
 
 What is a 'record'?  By default, the meaning is the same as for the
 C<E<lt>...E<gt>> operator: It's a string terminated by C<$/>, which is
-probably C<"\n">.  You may change the definition of "record" by
-supplying the C<recsep> option in the C<tie> call:
-
+probably C<"\n">.  (Minor exception: on dos and Win32 systems, a
+'record' is a string terminated by C<"\r\n">.)  You may change the
+definition of "record" by supplying the C<recsep> option in the C<tie>
+call:
 
 	tie @array, 'Tie::File', $file, recsep => 'es';
 
-This says that records are delimited by the string C<es>.  If the file contained the following data:
+This says that records are delimited by the string C<es>.  If the file
+contained the following data:
 
 	Curse these pesky flies!\n
 
@@ -687,9 +830,6 @@ then the C<@array> would appear to have four elements:
 	"ky flies"
 	"!\n"
 
-Windows users will probably want to use C<recsep =E<gt> "\r\n"> to get
-files terminated with the usual CRLF sequence.
-
 An undefined value is not permitted as a record separator.  Perl's
 special "paragraph mode" semantics (E<agrave> la C<$/ = "">) are not
 emulated.
@@ -741,28 +881,34 @@ For example:
 
 Opening the data file in write-only or append mode is not supported.
 
-=head2 C<cachesize>
+=head2 C<memory>
+
+This is an (inexact) upper limit on the amount of memory that
+C<Tie::File> will consume at any time while managing the file.  
+At present, this is used as a bound on the size of the read cache.
 
 Records read in from the file are cached, to avoid having to re-read
 them repeatedly.  If you read the same record twice, the first time it
 will be stored in memory, and the second time it will be fetched from
-memory.
+the I<read cache>.  The amount of data in the read cache will not
+exceed the value you specified for C<memory>.  If C<Tie::File> wants
+to cache a new record, but the read cache is full, it will make room
+by expiring the least-recently visited records from the read cache.
 
-The cache has a bounded size; when it exceeds this size, the
-least-recently visited records will be purged from the cache.  The
-default size is 2Mib.  You can adjust the amount of space used for the
-cache by supplying the C<cachesize> option.  The argument is the desired cache size, in bytes.
+The default memory limit is 2Mib.  You can adjust the maximum read
+cache size by supplying the C<memory> option.  The argument is the
+desired cache size, in bytes.
 
 	# I have a lot of memory, so use a large cache to speed up access
-	tie @array, 'Tie::File', $file, cachesize => 20_000_000;
+	tie @array, 'Tie::File', $file, memory => 20_000_000;
 
-Setting the cache size to 0 will inhibit caching; records will be
+Setting the memory limit to 0 will inhibit caching; records will be
 fetched from disk every time you examine them.
 
 =head2 Option Format
 
 C<-mode> is a synonym for C<mode>.  C<-recsep> is a synonym for
-C<recsep>.  C<-cachesize> is a synonym for C<cachesize>.  You get the
+C<recsep>.  C<-memory> is a synonym for C<memory>.  You get the
 idea.
 
 =head1 Public Methods
@@ -772,7 +918,9 @@ The C<tie> call returns an object, say C<$o>.  You may call
 	$rec = $o->FETCH($n);
 	$o->STORE($n, $rec);
 
-to fetch or store the record at line C<$n>, respectively.  The only other public method in this package is:
+to fetch or store the record at line C<$n>, respectively; similarly
+the other tied array methods.  (See L<perltie> for details.)  You may
+also call the following methods on this object:
 
 =head2 C<flock>
 
@@ -817,45 +965,73 @@ C<sysopen>, you may use:
 Handles that were opened write-only won't work.  Handles that were
 opened read-only will work as long as you don't try to write to them.
 Handles must be attached to seekable sources of data---that means no
-pipes or sockets.  If you try to supply a non-seekable handle, the
-C<tie> call will try to abort your program.  This feature is not yet
-supported under VMS.
+pipes or sockets.  If you supply a non-seekable handle, the C<tie>
+call will try to abort your program.
 
 =head1 CAVEATS
 
 (That's Latin for 'warnings'.)
 
-=head2 Efficiency Note
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+This is BETA RELEASE SOFTWARE.  It may have bugs.  See the discussion
+below about the (lack of any) warranty.
+
+=item * 
 
 Every effort was made to make this module efficient.  Nevertheless,
 changing the size of a record in the middle of a large file will
-always be slow, because everything after the new record must be moved.
+always be fairly slow, because everything after the new record must be
+moved.
 
-In particular, note that:
+In particular, note that the following innocent-looking loop has very
+bad behavior:
 
-	# million-line file
-	for (@file_array) {
-	  $_ .= 'x';
-	}
+        # million-line file
+        for (@file_array) {
+          $_ .= 'x';
+        }
 
-is likely to be very slow, because the first iteration must relocate
-lines 1 through 999,999; the second iteration must relocate lines 2
-through 999,999, and so on.  The relocation is done using block
-writes, however, so it's not as slow as it might be.
+This is likely to be very slow, because the first iteration must
+relocate lines 1 through 999,999; the second iteration must relocate
+lines 2 through 999,999, and so on.  The relocation is done using
+block writes, however, so it's not as slow as it might be.
 
 A soon-to-be-released version of this module will provide a mechanism
 for getting better performance in such cases, by deferring the writing
-until it can be done all at once.
+until it can be done all at once.  This deferred writing feature might
+be enabled automagically if C<Tie::File> guesses that you are about to write many consecutive records.  To disable this feature, use 
+
+	(tied @o)->autodefer(0);
+
+(At present, this call does nothing.)
+
+=item *
+
+The behavior of tied arrays is not precisely the same as for regular
+arrays.  For example:
 
-=head2 Efficiency Note 2
+	undef $a[10];  print "How unusual!\n" if $a[10];
+
+C<undef>-ing a C<Tie::File> array element just blanks out the
+corresponding record in the file.  When you read it back again, you'll
+see the record separator (typically, $a[10] will appear to contain
+"\n") so the supposedly-C<undef>'ed value will be true.
 
-Not every effort was made to make this module as efficient as
+There are other minor differences, but in general, the correspondence
+is extremely close.
+
+=item *
+
+Not quite every effort was made to make this module as efficient as
 possible.  C<FETCHSIZE> should use binary search instead of linear
 search.  The cache's LRU queue should be a heap instead of a list.
 These defects are probably minor; in any event, they will be fixed in
 a later version of the module.
 
-=head2 Efficiency Note 3
+=item *
 
 The author has supposed that since this module is concerned with file
 I/O, almost all normal use of it will be heavily I/O bound, and that
@@ -865,22 +1041,91 @@ suggests, for example, that an LRU read-cache is a good tradeoff,
 even if it requires substantial adjustment following a C<splice>
 operation.
 
-=head1 CAVEATS
+=back
 
-(That's Latin for 'warnings'.)
+=head1 WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
 
-The behavior of tied arrays is not precisely the same as for regular
-arrays.  For example:
+C<DB_File>'s C<DB_RECNO> feature does something similar to
+C<Tie::File>, but there are a number of reasons that you might prefer
+C<Tie::File>.  C<DB_File> is a great piece of software, but the
+C<DB_RECNO> part is less great than the rest of it.
 
-	undef $a[10];  print "How unusual!\n" if $a[10];
+=over 4
 
-C<undef>-ing a C<Tie::File> array element just blanks out the
-corresponding record in the file.  When you read it back again, you'll
-see the record separator (typically, $a[10] will appear to contain
-"\n") so the supposedly-C<undef>'ed value will be true.
+=item *
 
-There are other minor differences, but in general, the correspondence
-is extremely close.
+C<DB_File> reads your entire file into memory, modifies it in memory,
+and the writes out the entire file again when you untie the file.
+This is completely impractical for large files.
+
+C<Tie::File> does not do any of those things.  It doesn't try to read
+the entire file into memory; instead it uses a lazy approach and
+caches recently-used records.  The cache size is strictly bounded by
+the C<memory> option.  DB_File's C<-E<gt>{cachesize}> doesn't prevent
+your process from blowing up when reading a big file.
+
+=item *
+
+C<DB_File> has an extremely poor writing strategy.  If you have a
+ten-megabyte file and tie it with C<DB_File>, and then use
+
+        $a[0] =~ s/PERL/Perl/;
+
+C<DB_file> will then read the entire ten-megabyte file into memory, do
+the change, and write the entire file back to disk, reading ten
+megabytes and writing ten megabytes.  C<Tie::File> will read and write
+only the first record.
+
+If you have a million-record file and tie it with C<DB_File>, and then
+use
+
+        $a[999998] =~ s/Larry/Larry Wall/;
+
+C<DB_File> will read the entire million-record file into memory, do
+the change, and write the entire file back to disk.  C<Tie::File> will
+only rewrite records 999998 and 999999.  During the writing process,
+it will never have more than a few kilobytes of data in memory at any
+time, even if the two records are very large.
+
+=item *
+
+Since changes to C<DB_File> files only appear when you do C<untie>, it
+can be inconvenient to arrange for concurrent access to the same file
+by two or more processes.  Each process needs to call C<$db-E<gt>sync>
+after every write.  When you change a C<Tie::File> array, the changes
+are reflected in the file immediately; no explicit C<-E<gt>sync> call
+is required.  (The forthcoming "deferred writing" mode will allow you
+to request that writes be held in memory until explicitly C<sync>'ed.)
+
+=item *
+
+C<DB_File> is only installed by default if you already have the C<db>
+library on your system; C<Tie::File> is pure Perl and is installed by
+default no matter what.  Starting with Perl 5.7.3 you can be
+absolutely sure it will be everywhere.  You will never have that
+surety with C<DB_File>.  If you don't have C<DB_File> yet, it requires
+a C compiler.  You can install C<Tie::File> from CPAN in five minutes
+with no compiler.
+
+=item *
+
+C<DB_File> is written in C, so if you aren't allowed to install
+modules on your system, it is useless.  C<Tie::File> is written in Perl,
+so even if you aren't allowed to install modules, you can look into
+the source code, see how it works, and copy the subroutines or the
+ideas from the subroutines directly into your own Perl program.
+
+=item *
+
+Except in very old, unsupported versions, C<DB_File>'s free license
+requires that you distribute the source code for your entire
+application.  If you are not able to distribute the source code for
+your application, you must negotiate an alternative license from
+Sleepycat, possibly for a fee.  Tie::File is under the Perl Artistic
+license and can be distributed free under the same terms as Perl
+itself.
+
+=back
 
 =head1 AUTHOR
 
@@ -894,7 +1139,7 @@ C<mjd-perl-tiefile-subscribe@plover.com>.
 
 =head1 LICENSE
 
-C<Tie::File> version 0.17 is copyright (C) 2002 Mark Jason Dominus.
+C<Tie::File> version 0.19 is copyright (C) 2002 Mark Jason Dominus.
 
 This library is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the same terms as Perl itself.
@@ -922,7 +1167,7 @@ For licensing inquiries, contact the author at:
 
 =head1 WARRANTY
 
-C<Tie::File> version 0.17 comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
+C<Tie::File> version 0.19 comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
 For details, see the license.
 
 =head1 THANKS
@@ -933,14 +1178,18 @@ supportive, and competent.  (Usually the rule is "choose any one.")
 Also big thanks to Abhijit Menon-Sen for all of the same things.
 
 Special thanks to Craig Berry (for VMS portability help), Randy Kobes
-(for Win32 portability help), the rest of the CPAN testers (for
-testing).
+(for Win32 portability help), Clinton Pierce and Autrijus Tang (for
+heroic eleventh-hour Win32 testing above and beyond the call of duty),
+and the rest of the CPAN testers (for testing generally).
 
 More thanks to:
+Edward Avis /
 Gerrit Haase /
+Nikola Knezevic /
 Nick Ing-Simmons /
 Tassilo von Parseval /
 H. Dieter Pearcey /
+Slaven Rezic /
 Peter Somu /
 Tels
 
@@ -948,14 +1197,11 @@ Tels
 
 Test DELETE machinery more carefully.
 
-More tests.  (Configuration options, cache flushery.  _twrite should
-be tested separately, because there are a lot of weird special cases
-lurking in there.)
+More tests.  (C<mode> option.  _twrite should be tested separately,
+because there are a lot of weird special cases lurking in there.)
 
 More tests.  (Stuff I didn't think of yet.)
 
-Deferred writing. (!!!)
-
 Paragraph mode?
 
 More tests.
@@ -964,5 +1210,14 @@ Fixed-length mode.
 
 Maybe an autolocking mode?
 
+Finish deferred writing.
+
+Autodeferment.
+
+Record locking with fcntl()?  Then you might support an undo log and
+get real transactions.  What a coup that would be.
+
+Leave-blanks mode
+
 =cut
 
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/00_version.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/00_version.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..565651a05c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/00_version.t
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+print "1..1\n";
+
+use Tie::File;
+
+if ($Tie::File::VERSION != 0.19) {
+  print STDERR "
+WHOA THERE!!
+
+You seem to be running version $Tie::File::VERSION of the module against
+version 0.19 of the test suite!
+
+None of the other test results will be reliable.
+";
+  exit 1;
+}
+
+print "ok 1\n";
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/01_gen.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/01_gen.t
index e383b7f008..5be638bdf0 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/01_gen.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/01_gen.t
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
 
-print "1..56\n";
+print "1..62\n";
 
 my $N = 1;
 use Tie::File;
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 
+$: = $o->{recsep};
+
 # 3-5 create
 $a[0] = 'rec0';
 check_contents("rec0");
@@ -60,13 +62,18 @@ check_contents("sh0", "sh1", "short2", "", "rec4");
 $a[3] = 'rec3';
 check_contents("sh0", "sh1", "short2", "rec3", "rec4");
 
+# (57-59) zero out file
+@a = ();
+check_contents();
 
-# try inserting a record into the middle of an empty file
+# (60-62) insert into the middle of an empty file
+$a[3] = "rec3";
+check_contents("", "", "", "rec3");
 
 use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 sub check_contents {
   my @c = @_;
-  my $x = join $/, @c, '';
+  my $x = join $:, @c, '';
   local *FH = $o->{fh};
   seek FH, 0, SEEK_SET;
 #  my $open = open FH, "< $file";
@@ -76,7 +83,7 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
+    ctrlfix($a, $x);
     print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
   }
   $N++;
@@ -85,9 +92,9 @@ sub check_contents {
   my $good = 1;
   my $msg;
   for (0.. $#c) {
-    unless ($a[$_] eq "$c[$_]$/") {
-      $msg = "expected $c[$_]$/, got $a[$_]";
-      $msg =~ s{$/}{\\n}g;
+    unless ($a[$_] eq "$c[$_]$:") {
+      $msg = "expected $c[$_]$:, got $a[$_]";
+      ctrlfix($msg);
       $good = 0;
     }
   }
@@ -99,6 +106,13 @@ sub check_contents {
   $N++;
 }
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/02_fetchsize.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/02_fetchsize.t
index 78fcea8809..08ac9cb063 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/02_fetchsize.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/02_fetchsize.t
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
-my $data = "rec1$/rec2$/rec3$/";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = "rec1$:rec2$:rec3$:";
 
 print "1..6\n";
 
@@ -19,6 +20,8 @@ my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 
+$: = $o->{recsep};
+
 my $n;
 
 # 3  test array element count
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/03_longfetch.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/03_longfetch.t
index a84890a651..265de939ab 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/03_longfetch.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/03_longfetch.t
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 #
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
-my $data = "rec0$/rec1$/rec2$/";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = "rec0$:rec1$:rec2$:";
 
 print "1..5\n";
 
@@ -25,11 +26,13 @@ my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 
+$: = $o->{recsep};
+
 my $n;
 
 # 3-5
 for (2, 1, 0) {
-  print $a[$_] eq "rec$_$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # rec=$a[$_] ?\n";
+  print $a[$_] eq "rec$_$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # rec=$a[$_] ?\n";
   $N++;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/04_splice.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/04_splice.t
index 08e001b8aa..f6effa4139 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/04_splice.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/04_splice.t
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl
+
 #
 # Check SPLICE function's effect on the file
 # (07_rv_splice.t checks its return value)
@@ -11,7 +12,8 @@
 # contents.
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
-my $data = "rec0$/rec1$/rec2$/";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = "rec0$:rec1$:rec2$:";
 
 print "1..101\n";
 
@@ -25,104 +27,105 @@ my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 
+$: = $o->{recsep};
 my $n;
 
 # (3-22) splicing at the beginning
 splice(@a, 0, 0, "rec4");
-check_contents("rec4$/$data");
+check_contents("rec4$:$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 1, "rec5");       # same length
-check_contents("rec5$/$data");
+check_contents("rec5$:$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 1, "record5");    # longer
-check_contents("record5$/$data");
+check_contents("record5$:$data");
 
 splice(@a, 0, 1, "r5");         # shorter
-check_contents("r5$/$data");
+check_contents("r5$:$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 1);               # removal
 check_contents("$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 0);               # no-op
 check_contents("$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
-check_contents("r7$/rec8$/$data");
+check_contents("r7$:rec8$:$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
-check_contents("rec7$/record8$/rec9$/$data");
+check_contents("rec7$:record8$:rec9$:$data");
 
 splice(@a, 0, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
-check_contents("record9$/rec10$/$data");
+check_contents("record9$:rec10$:$data");
 splice(@a, 0, 2);               # delete more than one
 check_contents("$data");
 
 
 # (23-42) splicing in the middle
 splice(@a, 1, 0, "rec4");
-check_contents("rec0$/rec4$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec4$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 splice(@a, 1, 1, "rec5");       # same length
-check_contents("rec0$/rec5$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec5$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 splice(@a, 1, 1, "record5");    # longer
-check_contents("rec0$/record5$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:record5$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 
 splice(@a, 1, 1, "r5");         # shorter
-check_contents("rec0$/r5$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:r5$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 splice(@a, 1, 1);               # removal
 check_contents("$data");
 splice(@a, 1, 0);               # no-op
 check_contents("$data");
 splice(@a, 1, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
-check_contents("rec0$/r7$/rec8$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:r7$:rec8$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 splice(@a, 1, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
-check_contents("rec0$/rec7$/record8$/rec9$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec7$:record8$:rec9$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 
 splice(@a, 1, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
-check_contents("rec0$/record9$/rec10$/rec1$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:record9$:rec10$:rec1$:rec2$:");
 splice(@a, 1, 2);               # delete more than one
 check_contents("$data");
 
 # (43-62) splicing at the end
 splice(@a, 3, 0, "rec4");
-check_contents("$ {data}rec4$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}rec4$:");
 splice(@a, 3, 1, "rec5");       # same length
-check_contents("$ {data}rec5$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}rec5$:");
 splice(@a, 3, 1, "record5");    # longer
-check_contents("$ {data}record5$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}record5$:");
 
 splice(@a, 3, 1, "r5");         # shorter
-check_contents("$ {data}r5$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}r5$:");
 splice(@a, 3, 1);               # removal
 check_contents("$data");
 splice(@a, 3, 0);               # no-op
 check_contents("$data");
 splice(@a, 3, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
-check_contents("$ {data}r7$/rec8$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}r7$:rec8$:");
 splice(@a, 3, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
-check_contents("$ {data}rec7$/record8$/rec9$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}rec7$:record8$:rec9$:");
 
 splice(@a, 3, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
-check_contents("$ {data}record9$/rec10$/");
+check_contents("$ {data}record9$:rec10$:");
 splice(@a, 3, 2);               # delete more than one
 check_contents("$data");
 
 # (63-82) splicing with negative subscript
 splice(@a, -1, 0, "rec4");
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec4$/rec2$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec4$:rec2$:");
 splice(@a, -1, 1, "rec5");       # same length
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec4$/rec5$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec4$:rec5$:");
 splice(@a, -1, 1, "record5");    # longer
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec4$/record5$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec4$:record5$:");
 
 splice(@a, -1, 1, "r5");         # shorter
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec4$/r5$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec4$:r5$:");
 splice(@a, -1, 1);               # removal
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec4$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec4$:");
 splice(@a, -1, 0);               # no-op  
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec4$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec4$:");
 splice(@a, -1, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/r7$/rec8$/rec4$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:r7$:rec8$:rec4$:");
 splice(@a, -1, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/r7$/rec8$/rec7$/record8$/rec9$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:r7$:rec8$:rec7$:record8$:rec9$:");
 
 splice(@a, -3, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/r7$/rec8$/record9$/rec10$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:r7$:rec8$:record9$:rec10$:");
 splice(@a, -4, 3);               # delete more than one
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec10$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec10$:");
 
 # (83-84) scrub it all out
 splice(@a, 0, 3);
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ check_contents("");
 
 # (85-86) put some back in
 splice(@a, 0, 0, "rec0", "rec1");
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:");
 
 # (87-88) what if we remove too many records?
 splice(@a, 0, 17);
@@ -146,9 +149,9 @@ check_contents("");
 # (93-96) Also we did not emulate splice's freaky behavior when inserting
 # past the end of the array (1.14)
 splice(@a, 89, 0, "I", "like", "pie");
-check_contents("I$/like$/pie$/");
+check_contents("I$:like$:pie$:");
 splice(@a, 89, 0, "pie pie pie");
-check_contents("I$/like$/pie$/pie pie pie$/");
+check_contents("I$:like$:pie$:pie pie pie$:");
 
 # (97) Splicing with too large a negative number should be fatal
 # This test ignored because it causes 5.6.1 and 5.7.2 to dump core
@@ -165,7 +168,7 @@ $N++;
 # (98-101) Test default arguments
 splice @a, 0, 0, (0..11);
 splice @a, 4;
-check_contents("0$/1$/2$/3$/");
+check_contents("0$:1$:2$:3$:");
 splice @a;
 check_contents("");
     
@@ -192,12 +195,20 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
+    ctrlfix($a, $x);
     print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
   }
   $N++;
 }
 
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/05_size.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/05_size.t
index 6cdd4e5893..8f62c2a920 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/05_size.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/05_size.t
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
-my $data = "rec0$/rec1$/rec2$/";
 my ($o, $n);
 
 print "1..15\n";
@@ -23,6 +22,9 @@ close F;
 $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
+
+$: = $o->{recsep};
+
 $n = @a;
 print $n == 0 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # $n, s/b 0\n";
 $N++;
@@ -31,14 +33,17 @@ $N++;
 undef $o;
 untie @a;
 
-# 4-5 FETCHSIZE positive-length file
+my $data = "rec0$:rec1$:rec2$:";
 open F, "> $file" or die $!;
 binmode F;
 print F $data;
 close F;
+
 $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
+
+# 4-5 FETCHSIZE positive-length file
 $n = @a;
 print $n == 3 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # $n, s/b 0\n";
 $N++;
@@ -47,17 +52,17 @@ $N++;
 # (6-7) Make it longer:
 populate();
 $#a = 4;
-check_contents("$data$/$/");
+check_contents("$data$:$:");
 
 # (8-9) Make it longer again:
 populate();
 $#a = 6;
-check_contents("$data$/$/$/$/");
+check_contents("$data$:$:$:$:");
 
 # (10-11) Make it shorter:
 populate();
 $#a = 4;
-check_contents("$data$/$/");
+check_contents("$data$:$:");
 
 # (12-13) Make it shorter again:
 populate();
@@ -88,7 +93,7 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
+    ctrlfix($a, $x);
     print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
   }
   $N++;
@@ -98,6 +103,13 @@ sub check_contents {
 }
 
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/06_fixrec.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/06_fixrec.t
index 62e55798d7..b03af09995 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/06_fixrec.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/06_fixrec.t
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
 
 print "1..5\n";
 
@@ -14,11 +15,11 @@ print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 
 $a[0] = 'rec0';
-check_contents("rec0$/");
-$a[1] = "rec1$/";
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/");
-$a[2] = "rec2$/$/";             # should we detect this?
-check_contents("rec0$/rec1$/rec2$/$/");
+check_contents("rec0$:");
+$a[1] = "rec1$:";
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:");
+$a[2] = "rec2$:$:";             # should we detect this?
+check_contents("rec0$:rec1$:rec2$:$:");
 
 sub check_contents {
   my $x = shift;
@@ -30,12 +31,19 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    my $msg = "not ok $N # expected <$x>, got <$a>";
+    ctrlfix($msg);
+    print "$msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
 }
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
 
 END {
   undef $o;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/07_rv_splice.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/07_rv_splice.t
index f5da174b69..69858b2890 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/07_rv_splice.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/07_rv_splice.t
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
 #
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
-my $data = "rec0$/rec1$/rec2$/";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = "rec0$:rec1$:rec2$:";
 
 print "1..50\n";
 
@@ -138,11 +139,11 @@ print !defined($r) ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N \# return should have been undef\n";
 $N++;
 
 $r = splice(@a, 2, 1);
-print $r eq "pie$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N \# return should have been 'pie'\n";
+print $r eq "pie$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N \# return should have been 'pie'\n";
 $N++;
 
 $r = splice(@a, 0, 2);
-print $r eq "like$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N \# return should have been 'like'\n";
+print $r eq "like$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N \# return should have been 'like'\n";
 $N++;
 
 # (49-50) Test default arguments
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ sub init_file {
 # expected results are in @_
 sub check_result {
   my @x = @_;
-  chomp @r;
+  s/$:$// for @r;
   my $good = 1;
   $good = 0 unless @r == @x;
   for my $i (0 .. $#r) {
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/08_ro.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/08_ro.t
index 245b16f70c..218a4e4ee6 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/08_ro.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/08_ro.t
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
 
 print "1..9\n";
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ use Fcntl 'O_RDONLY';
 print "ok $N\n"; $N++;
 
 my @items = qw(Gold Frankincense Myrrh Ivory Apes Peacocks);
-init_file(join $/, @items, '');
+init_file(join $:, @items, '');
 
 my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file, mode => O_RDONLY;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ $#a == $#items ? print "ok $N\n" : print "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 
 for my $i (0..$#items) {
-  ("$items[$i]$/" eq $a[$i]) ? print "ok $N\n" : print "not ok $N\n";
+  ("$items[$i]$:" eq $a[$i]) ? print "ok $N\n" : print "not ok $N\n";
   $N++;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/09_gen_rs.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/09_gen_rs.t
index bb2fb26c53..120080bbd4 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/09_gen_rs.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/09_gen_rs.t
@@ -77,8 +77,9 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    my $msg = "# expected <$x>, got <$a>";
+    ctrlfix($msg);
+    print "not ok $N $msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
 
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ sub check_contents {
   for (0.. $#c) {
     unless ($a[$_] eq "$c[$_]blah") {
       $msg = "expected $c[$_]blah, got $a[$_]";
-      $msg =~ s{$/}{\\n}g;
+      ctrlfix($msg);
       $good = 0;
     }
   }
@@ -95,6 +96,15 @@ sub check_contents {
   $N++;
 }
 
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/10_splice_rs.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/10_splice_rs.t
index aa33bcf9d5..4db144398e 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/10_splice_rs.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/10_splice_rs.t
@@ -193,12 +193,19 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    ctrlfix(my $msg = "# expected <$x>, got <$a>");
+    print "not ok $N\n$msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
 }
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/13_size_rs.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/13_size_rs.t
index 284d2d3307..a2a8d53bdd 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/13_size_rs.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/13_size_rs.t
@@ -73,13 +73,20 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    ctrlfix(my $msg = "# expected <$x>, got <$a>");
+    print "not ok $N\n$msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
 }
 
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/15_pushpop.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/15_pushpop.t
index e57764b5bf..d6c379b2aa 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/15_pushpop.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/15_pushpop.t
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
 1 while unlink $file;
-my $data = "rec0$/rec1$/rec2$/";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = "rec0$:rec1$:rec2$:";
 
 print "1..38\n";
 
@@ -34,28 +35,28 @@ check_contents($data);
 print $n == 3 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # size is $n, should be 3\n";
 $N++;
 
-$n = push @a, "rec3", "rec4\n";
-check_contents("$ {data}rec3$/rec4$/");
+$n = push @a, "rec3", "rec4$:";
+check_contents("$ {data}rec3$:rec4$:");
 print $n == 5 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # size is $n, should be 5\n";
 $N++;
 
 # Trivial push
-$n = push(@a, ());
-check_contents("$ {data}rec3$/rec4$/");
+$n = push @a, ();
+check_contents("$ {data}rec3$:rec4$:");
 print $n == 5 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # size is $n, should be 5\n";
 $N++;
 
 # (12-20) POP tests
 $n = pop @a;
-check_contents("$ {data}rec3$/");
-print $n eq "rec4$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec4\n";
+check_contents("$ {data}rec3$:");
+print $n eq "rec4$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec4\n";
 $N++;
 
 # Presumably we have already tested this to death
 splice(@a, 1, 3);
 $n = pop @a;
 check_contents("");
-print $n eq "rec0$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec0\n";
+print $n eq "rec0$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec0\n";
 $N++;
 
 $n = pop @a;
@@ -70,28 +71,28 @@ check_contents($data);
 print $n == 3 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # size is $n, should be 3\n";
 $N++;
 
-$n = unshift @a, "rec3", "rec4\n";
-check_contents("rec3$/rec4$/$data");
+$n = unshift @a, "rec3", "rec4$:";
+check_contents("rec3$:rec4$:$data");
 print $n == 5 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # size is $n, should be 5\n";
 $N++;
 
 # Trivial unshift
-$n = unshift(@a, ());
-check_contents("rec3$/rec4$/$data");
+$n = unshift @a, ();
+check_contents("rec3$:rec4$:$data");
 print $n == 5 ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # size is $n, should be 5\n";
 $N++;
 
 # (30-38) SHIFT tests
 $n = shift @a;
-check_contents("rec4$/$data");
-print $n eq "rec3$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec3\n";
+check_contents("rec4$:$data");
+print $n eq "rec3$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec3\n";
 $N++;
 
 # Presumably we have already tested this to death
 splice(@a, 1, 3);
 $n = shift @a;
 check_contents("");
-print $n eq "rec4$/" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec4\n";
+print $n eq "rec4$:" ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N # last rec is $n, should be rec4\n";
 $N++;
 
 $n = shift @a;
@@ -114,12 +115,19 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    ctrlfix(my $msg = "# expected <$x>, got <$a>");
+    print "not ok $N\n$msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
 }
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/16_handle.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/16_handle.t
index cb9aa60d5a..3c9b3279e2 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/16_handle.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/16_handle.t
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # instead of from a filename
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
 
 if ($^O =~ /vms/i) {
   print "1..0\n";
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ print "ok $N\n"; $N++;
 use Fcntl 'O_CREAT', 'O_RDWR';
 sysopen F, $file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR 
   or die "Couldn't create temp file $file: $!; aborting";
-binmode(F);
+binmode F;
 
 my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', \*F;
 print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
@@ -78,42 +79,38 @@ undef $o;
 untie @a;
 
 # Does it correctly detect a non-seekable handle?
-
-{
-  if ($^O =~ /^(MSWin32|dos)$/) {
-    print "ok $N \# skipped ($^O has broken pipe semantics)\n";
-    last;
-  }
-  my $pipe_succeeded = eval {pipe *R, *W};
-  if ($@) {
-    chomp $@;
-    print "ok $N \# skipped (no pipes: $@)\n";
-        last;
-  } elsif (! $pipe_succeeded) {
-    print "ok $N \# skipped (pipe call failed: $!)\n";
-    last;
-  }
-  close R;
-  $o = eval {tie @a, 'Tie::File', \*W};
-  if ($@) {
-    if ($@ =~ /filehandle does not appear to be seekable/) {
-      print "ok $N\n";
-    } else {
-      chomp $@;
-      print "not ok $N \# \$\@ is $@\n";
-    }
-  } else {
-    print "not ok $N \# passing pipe to TIEARRAY didn't abort program\n";
-  }
-  $N++;
+{  if ($^O =~ /^(MSWin32|dos)$/) {
+     print "ok $N # skipped ($^O has broken pipe semantics)\n";
+     last;
+   }
+   my $pipe_succeeded = eval {pipe *R, *W};
+   if ($@) {
+     chomp $@;
+     print "ok $N # skipped (no pipes: $@)\n";
+     last;
+   } elsif (! $pipe_succeeded) {
+     print "ok $N # skipped (pipe call failed: $!)\n";
+     last;
+   }
+   close R;
+   $o = eval {tie @a, 'Tie::File', \*W};
+   if ($@) {
+     if ($@ =~ /filehandle does not appear to be seekable/) {
+       print "ok $N\n";
+     } else {
+       chomp $@;
+       print "not ok $N \# \$\@ is $@\n";
+     }
+   } else {
+       print "not ok $N \# passing pipe to TIEARRAY didn't abort program\n";
+   }
+   $N++;
 }
 
-# try inserting a record into the middle of an empty file
-
 use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 sub check_contents {
   my @c = @_;
-  my $x = join $/, @c, '';
+  my $x = join $:, @c, '';
   local *FH = $o->{fh};
   seek FH, 0, SEEK_SET;
 #  my $open = open FH, "< $file";
@@ -123,8 +120,8 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    ctrlfix(my $msg = "# expected <$x>, got <$a>");
+    print "not ok $N\n$msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
 
@@ -132,9 +129,9 @@ sub check_contents {
   my $good = 1;
   my $msg;
   for (0.. $#c) {
-    unless ($a[$_] eq "$c[$_]$/") {
-      $msg = "expected $c[$_]$/, got $a[$_]";
-      $msg =~ s{$/}{\\n}g;
+    unless ($a[$_] eq "$c[$_]$:") {
+      $msg = "expected $c[$_]$:, got $a[$_]";
+      ctrlfix($msg);
       $good = 0;
     }
   }
@@ -142,6 +139,14 @@ sub check_contents {
   $N++;
 }
 
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/17_misc_meth.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/17_misc_meth.t
index 55b694be85..87749616fc 100644
--- a/lib/Tie/File/t/17_misc_meth.t
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/17_misc_meth.t
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #
 
 my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
 1 while unlink $file;
 
 print "1..24\n";
@@ -19,17 +20,19 @@ $N++;
 
 # (3-8) EXTEND
 $o->EXTEND(3);
-check_contents("$/$/$/");
+check_contents("$:$:$:");
 $o->EXTEND(4);
-check_contents("$/$/$/$/");
+check_contents("$:$:$:$:");
 $o->EXTEND(3);
-check_contents("$/$/$/$/");
+check_contents("$:$:$:$:");
 
 # (9-10) CLEAR
 @a = ();
 check_contents("");
 
 # (11-16) EXISTS
+if ($] >= 5.006) {
+  eval << 'TESTS';
 print !exists $a[0] ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 $a[0] = "I like pie.";
@@ -45,17 +48,32 @@ print exists $a[1] ? "ok $N\n" : "ok $N\n";
 $N++;
 print exists $a[2] ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
 $N++;
+TESTS
+  } else {                      # perl 5.005 doesn't have exists $array[1]
+    for (11..16) {
+      print "ok $_ \# skipped (no exists for arrays)\n";
+          $N++;
+    }
+  }
 
 # (17-24) DELETE
+if ($] >= 5.006) {
+  eval << 'TESTS';
 delete $a[0];
-check_contents("$/$/GIVE ME PIE$/");
+check_contents("$:$:GIVE ME PIE$:");
 delete $a[2];
-check_contents("$/$/");
+check_contents("$:$:");
 delete $a[0];
-check_contents("$/$/");
+check_contents("$:$:");
 delete $a[1];
-check_contents("$/");
-
+check_contents("$:");
+TESTS
+  } else {                      # perl 5.005 doesn't have delete $array[1]
+    for (17..24) {
+      print "ok $_ \# skipped (no delete for arrays)\n";
+          $N++;
+    }
+  }
 
 use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
 sub check_contents {
@@ -68,14 +86,21 @@ sub check_contents {
   if ($a eq $x) {
     print "ok $N\n";
   } else {
-    s{$/}{\\n}g for $a, $x;
-    print "not ok $N\n# expected <$x>, got <$a>\n";
+    ctrlfix(my $msg = "# expected <$x>, got <$a>");
+    print "not ok $N\n$msg\n";
   }
   $N++;
   print $o->_check_integrity($file, $ENV{INTEGRITY}) ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
   $N++;
 }
 
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
 END {
   undef $o;
   untie @a;
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/18_rs_fixrec.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/18_rs_fixrec.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec0dec6002
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/18_rs_fixrec.t
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
+my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$/ = "blah";
+
+print "1..5\n";
+
+my $N = 1;
+use Tie::File;
+print "ok $N\n"; $N++;
+
+my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
+print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+$N++;
+
+$a[0] = 'rec0';
+check_contents("rec0blah");
+$a[1] = "rec1blah";
+check_contents("rec0blahrec1blah");
+$a[2] = "rec2blahblah";             # should we detect this?
+check_contents("rec0blahrec1blahrec2blahblah");
+
+sub check_contents {
+  my $x = shift;
+  local *FH = $o->{fh};
+  seek FH, 0, SEEK_SET;
+  my $a;
+  { local $/; $a = <FH> }
+  $a = "" unless defined $a;
+  if ($a eq $x) {
+    print "ok $N\n";
+  } else {
+    my $msg = "not ok $N # expected <$x>, got <$a>";
+    ctrlfix($msg);
+    print "$msg\n";
+  }
+  $N++;
+}
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
+END {
+  undef $o;
+  untie @a;
+  1 while unlink $file;
+}
+
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/19_cache.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/19_cache.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..518a01bc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/19_cache.t
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# Tests for various caching errors
+#
+
+my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = join $:, "rec0" .. "rec9", "";
+my $V = $ENV{INTEGRITY};        # Verbose integrity checking?
+
+print "1..54\n";
+
+my $N = 1;
+use Tie::File;
+print "ok $N\n"; $N++;
+
+open F, "> $file" or die $!;
+binmode F;
+print F $data;
+close F;
+
+my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
+print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+$N++;
+
+# (3) Through 0.18, this 'splice' call would corrupt the cache.
+my @z = @a;                     # force cache to contain all ten records
+splice @a, 0, 0, "x";
+print $o->_check_integrity($file, $V) ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+$N++;
+
+# Here we redo *all* the splice tests, with populate()
+# calls before each one, to make sure that splice() does not botch the cache.
+
+# (4-14) splicing at the beginning
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 0);               # no-op
+check();
+
+splice(@a, 0, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 2);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+
+# (15-24) splicing in the middle
+splice(@a, 1, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 0);               # no-op
+check();
+
+splice(@a, 1, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 2);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+# (25-34) splicing at the end
+splice(@a, 3, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 0);               # no-op
+check();
+
+splice(@a, 3, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 2);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+# (35-44) splicing with negative subscript
+splice(@a, -1, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 0);               # no-op  
+check();
+
+splice(@a, -1, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, -3, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, -4, 3);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+# (45) scrub it all out
+splice(@a, 0, 3);
+check();
+
+# (46) put some back in
+splice(@a, 0, 0, "rec0", "rec1");
+check();
+
+# (47) what if we remove too many records?
+splice(@a, 0, 17);
+check();
+
+# (48-49) In the past, splicing past the end was not correctly detected
+# (1.14)
+splice(@a, 89, 3);
+check();
+splice(@a, @a, 3);
+check();
+
+# (50-51) Also we did not emulate splice's freaky behavior when inserting
+# past the end of the array (1.14)
+splice(@a, 89, 0, "I", "like", "pie");
+check();
+splice(@a, 89, 0, "pie pie pie");
+check();
+
+# (52-54) Test default arguments
+splice @a, 0, 0, (0..11);
+check();
+splice @a, 4;
+check();
+splice @a;
+check();
+    
+
+sub init_file {
+  my $data = shift;
+  open F, "> $file" or die $!;
+  binmode F;
+  print F $data;
+  close F;
+}
+
+use POSIX 'SEEK_SET';
+sub check {
+  my $integrity = $o->_check_integrity($file, $ENV{INTEGRITY});
+  print $integrity ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+  $N++;
+  repopulate();
+}
+
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
+sub repopulate {
+  %{$o->{cache}} = ();          # scrub out the cache
+  @{$o->{lru}} = ();            # and the LRU queue
+    $o->{cached} = 0;           # and the cache size
+  my @z = @a;                   # refill the cache with correct data
+}
+
+END {
+  undef $o;
+  untie @a;
+  1 while unlink $file;
+}
+
+
+
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/20_cache_full.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/20_cache_full.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d8a5cd6ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/20_cache_full.t
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# Tests for various caching errors
+#
+
+my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+$: = Tie::File::_default_recsep();
+my $data = join $:, "record0" .. "record9", "";
+my $V = $ENV{INTEGRITY};        # Verbose integrity checking?
+
+print "1..111\n";
+
+my $N = 1;
+use Tie::File;
+print "ok $N\n"; $N++;
+
+open F, "> $file" or die $!;
+binmode F;
+print F $data;
+close F;
+
+# Limit cache size to 30 bytes 
+my $MAX = 30;
+#  -- that's enough space for 3 records, but not 4, on both \n and \r\n systems
+my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file, memory => $MAX;
+print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+$N++;
+
+# (3-5) Let's see if data was properly expired from the cache
+my @z = @a;                     # force cache to contain all ten records
+# It should now contain only the *last* three records, 7, 8, and 9
+{
+  my $x = "7 8 9";
+  my $a = join " ", sort keys %{$o->{cache}};
+  if ($a eq $x) { print "ok $N\n" }
+  else { print "not ok $N # cache keys were <$a>; expected <$x>\n" }
+  $N++;
+}
+check();
+
+# Here we redo *all* the splice tests, with populate()
+# calls before each one, to make sure that splice() does not botch the cache.
+
+# (6-25) splicing at the beginning
+splice(@a, 0, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 0);               # no-op
+check();
+
+splice(@a, 0, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, 0, 2);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+
+# (26-45) splicing in the middle
+splice(@a, 1, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 0);               # no-op
+check();
+
+splice(@a, 1, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, 1, 2);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+# (46-65) splicing at the end
+splice(@a, 3, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 0);               # no-op
+check();
+
+splice(@a, 3, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, 3, 2);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+# (66-85) splicing with negative subscript
+splice(@a, -1, 0, "rec4");
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1, "rec5");       # same length
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1, "record5");    # longer
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1, "r5");         # shorter
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 1);               # removal
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 0);               # no-op  
+check();
+
+splice(@a, -1, 0, 'r7', 'rec8'); # insert more than one
+check();
+splice(@a, -1, 2, 'rec7', 'record8', 'rec9'); # insert more than delete
+check();
+splice(@a, -3, 3, 'record9', 'rec10'); # delete more than insert
+check();
+splice(@a, -4, 3);               # delete more than one
+check();
+
+# (86-87) scrub it all out
+splice(@a, 0, 3);
+check();
+
+# (88-89) put some back in
+splice(@a, 0, 0, "rec0", "rec1");
+check();
+
+# (90-91) what if we remove too many records?
+splice(@a, 0, 17);
+check();
+
+# (92-95) In the past, splicing past the end was not correctly detected
+# (1.14)
+splice(@a, 89, 3);
+check();
+splice(@a, @a, 3);
+check();
+
+# (96-99) Also we did not emulate splice's freaky behavior when inserting
+# past the end of the array (1.14)
+splice(@a, 89, 0, "I", "like", "pie");
+check();
+splice(@a, 89, 0, "pie pie pie");
+check();
+
+# (100-105) Test default arguments
+splice @a, 0, 0, (0..11);
+check();
+splice @a, 4;
+check();
+splice @a;
+check();
+
+# (106-111) One last set of tests.  I don't know what state the cache
+# is in now.  But if I read any three records, those three records are
+# what should be in the cache, and nothing else.
+@a = "record0" .. "record9";
+check(); # In 0.18 #107 fails here--STORE was not flushing the cache when
+         # replacing an old cached record with a longer one
+for (5, 6, 1) { my $z = $a[$_] }
+{
+  my $x = "5 6 1";
+  my $a = join " ", @{$o->{lru}};
+  if ($a eq $x) { print "ok $N\n" }
+  else { print "not ok $N # LRU was <$a>; expected <$x>\n" }
+  $N++;
+  $x = "1 5 6";
+  $a = join " ", sort keys %{$o->{cache}};
+  if ($a eq $x) { print "ok $N\n" }
+  else { print "not ok $N # cache keys were <$a>; expected <$x>\n" }
+  $N++;
+}
+check();
+
+
+sub init_file {
+  my $data = shift;
+  open F, "> $file" or die $!;
+  binmode F;
+  print F $data;
+  close F;
+}
+
+sub check {
+  my $integrity = $o->_check_integrity($file, $ENV{INTEGRITY});
+  print $integrity ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+  $N++;
+
+  print $o->{cached} <= $MAX 
+    ? "ok $N\n" 
+    : "not ok $N # $o->{cached} bytes cached, should be <= $MAX\n";
+  $N++;
+}
+
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
+END {
+  undef $o;
+  untie @a;
+  1 while unlink $file;
+}
+
+
+
diff --git a/lib/Tie/File/t/21_win32.t b/lib/Tie/File/t/21_win32.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85a5733721
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Tie/File/t/21_win32.t
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# Formerly, on a Win32 system, Tie::File would create files with
+# \n-terminated records instead of \r\n-terminated.  The tests never
+# picked this up because they were using $/ everywhere, and $/ is \n
+# on windows systems.
+#
+# These tests (Win32 only) make sure that the file had \r\n as it should.
+
+my $file = "tf$$.txt";
+
+unless ($^O =~ /^(MSWin32|dos)$/) {
+  print "1..0\n";
+  exit;
+}
+
+
+print "1..3\n";
+
+my $N = 1;
+use Tie::File;
+print "ok $N\n"; $N++;
+
+my $o = tie @a, 'Tie::File', $file;
+print $o ? "ok $N\n" : "not ok $N\n";
+$N++;
+
+my $n;
+
+# (3) Make sure that on Win32 systems, the file is written with \r\n by default
+@a = qw(fish dog carrot);
+undef $o;
+untie @a;
+open F, "< $file" or die "Couldn't open file $file: $!";
+binmode F;
+my $a = do {local $/ ; <F> };
+my $x = "fish\r\ndog\r\ncarrot\r\n" ;
+if ($a eq $x) {
+  print "ok $N\n";
+} else {
+  ctrlfix(my $msg = "expected <$x>, got <$a>");
+  print "not ok $N # $msg\n";
+}
+
+close F;
+
+sub ctrlfix {
+  for (@_) {
+    s/\n/\\n/g;
+    s/\r/\\r/g;
+  }
+}
+
+
+
+END {
+  undef $o;
+  untie @a;
+  1 while unlink $file;
+}
+