perl 5.000perl-5.000

[editor's note: this commit combines approximate 4 months of furious
releases of Andy Dougherty and Larry Wall - see pod/perlhist.pod for
details.  Andy notes that;
 
Alas neither my "Irwin AccuTrack" nor my DC 600A quarter-inch cartridge 
backup tapes from that era seem to be readable anymore.  I guess 13 years 
exceeds the shelf life for that backup technology :-(.
]

117 files changed, 9010 insertions, 10950 deletions

diff --git a/ext/DB_File/DB_File.pm b/ext/DB_File/DB_File.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d66ab2cabe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DB_File/DB_File.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+# DB_File.pm -- Perl 5 interface to Berkeley DB 
+#
+# written by Paul Marquess (pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk)
+# last modified 23rd June 1994
+# version 0.1
+
+package DB_File::HASHINFO ;
+use Carp;
+
+sub TIEHASH
+{
+    bless {} ;
+}
+
+%elements = ( 'bsize'     => 0,
+              'ffactor'   => 0,
+              'nelem'     => 0,
+              'cachesize' => 0,
+              'hash'      => 0,
+              'lorder'    => 0
+            ) ;
+
+sub FETCH 
+{  
+    return $_[0]{$_[1]} if defined $elements{$_[1]}  ;
+
+    croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::FETCH - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+
+sub STORE 
+{
+    if ( defined $elements{$_[1]} )
+    {
+        $_[0]{$_[1]} = $_[2] ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    
+    croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::STORE - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+sub DELETE 
+{
+    if ( defined $elements{$_[1]} )
+    {
+        delete ${$_[0]}{$_[1]} ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    
+    croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::DELETE - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+
+sub DESTROY {undef %{$_[0]} }
+sub FIRSTKEY { croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::FIRSTKEY is not implemented" }
+sub NEXTKEY { croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::NEXTKEY is not implemented" }
+sub EXISTS { croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::EXISTS is not implemented" }
+sub CLEAR { croak "DB_File::HASHINFO::CLEAR is not implemented" }
+
+package DB_File::BTREEINFO ;
+use Carp;
+
+sub TIEHASH
+{
+    bless {} ;
+}
+
+%elements = ( 'flags'	=> 0,
+              'cachesize'  => 0,
+              'maxkeypage' => 0,
+              'minkeypage' => 0,
+              'psize'      => 0,
+              'compare'    => 0,
+              'prefix'     => 0,
+              'lorder'     => 0
+            ) ;
+
+sub FETCH 
+{  
+    return $_[0]{$_[1]} if defined $elements{$_[1]}  ;
+
+    croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::FETCH - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+
+sub STORE 
+{
+    if ( defined $elements{$_[1]} )
+    {
+        $_[0]{$_[1]} = $_[2] ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    
+    croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::STORE - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+sub DELETE 
+{
+    if ( defined $elements{$_[1]} )
+    {
+        delete ${$_[0]}{$_[1]} ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    
+    croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::DELETE - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+
+sub DESTROY {undef %{$_[0]} }
+sub FIRSTKEY { croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::FIRSTKEY is not implemented" }
+sub NEXTKEY { croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::NEXTKEY is not implemented" }
+sub EXISTS { croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::EXISTS is not implemented" }
+sub CLEAR { croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::CLEAR is not implemented" }
+
+package DB_File::RECNOINFO ;
+use Carp;
+
+sub TIEHASH
+{
+    bless {} ;
+}
+
+%elements = ( 'bval'      => 0,
+              'cachesize' => 0,
+              'psize'     => 0,
+              'flags'     => 0,
+              'lorder'    => 0,
+              'reclen'    => 0,
+              'bfname'    => 0
+            ) ;
+sub FETCH 
+{  
+    return $_[0]{$_[1]} if defined $elements{$_[1]}  ;
+
+    croak "DB_File::RECNOINFO::FETCH - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+
+sub STORE 
+{
+    if ( defined $elements{$_[1]} )
+    {
+        $_[0]{$_[1]} = $_[2] ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    
+    croak "DB_File::RECNOINFO::STORE - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+sub DELETE 
+{
+    if ( defined $elements{$_[1]} )
+    {
+        delete ${$_[0]}{$_[1]} ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    
+    croak "DB_File::RECNOINFO::DELETE - Unknown element '$_[1]'" ;
+}
+
+
+sub DESTROY {undef %{$_[0]} }
+sub FIRSTKEY { croak "DB_File::RECNOINFO::FIRSTKEY is not implemented" }
+sub NEXTKEY { croak "DB_File::RECNOINFO::NEXTKEY is not implemented" }
+sub EXISTS { croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::EXISTS is not implemented" }
+sub CLEAR { croak "DB_File::BTREEINFO::CLEAR is not implemented" }
+
+
+
+package DB_File ;
+use Carp;
+
+#typedef enum { DB_BTREE, DB_HASH, DB_RECNO } DBTYPE;
+$DB_BTREE = TIEHASH DB_File::BTREEINFO ;
+$DB_HASH  = TIEHASH DB_File::HASHINFO ;
+$DB_RECNO = TIEHASH DB_File::RECNOINFO ;
+
+require TieHash;
+require Exporter;
+require AutoLoader;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = (TieHash, Exporter, AutoLoader, DynaLoader);
+@EXPORT = qw(
+        $DB_BTREE $DB_HASH $DB_RECNO 
+	BTREEMAGIC
+	BTREEVERSION
+	DB_LOCK
+	DB_SHMEM
+	DB_TXN
+	HASHMAGIC
+	HASHVERSION
+	MAX_PAGE_NUMBER
+	MAX_PAGE_OFFSET
+	MAX_REC_NUMBER
+	RET_ERROR
+	RET_SPECIAL
+	RET_SUCCESS
+	R_CURSOR
+	R_DUP
+	R_FIRST
+	R_FIXEDLEN
+	R_IAFTER
+	R_IBEFORE
+	R_LAST
+	R_NEXT
+	R_NOKEY
+	R_NOOVERWRITE
+	R_PREV
+	R_RECNOSYNC
+	R_SETCURSOR
+	R_SNAPSHOT
+	__R_UNUSED
+);
+
+sub AUTOLOAD {
+    if (@_ > 1) {
+	$AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+    }
+    local($constname);
+    ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
+    $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0);
+    if ($! != 0) {
+	if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
+	    $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	    goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+	}
+	else {
+	    ($pack,$file,$line) = caller;
+	    croak "Your vendor has not defined DB macro $constname, used at $file line $line.
+";
+	}
+    }
+    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
+    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
+}
+
+@liblist = ();
+@liblist = split ' ', $Config::Config{"DB_File_loadlibs"} 
+    if defined $Config::Config{"DB_File_loadlibs"};
+
+bootstrap DB_File @liblist;
+
+# Preloaded methods go here.  Autoload methods go after __END__, and are
+# processed by the autosplit program.
+
+1;
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/DB_File/DB_File.xs b/ext/DB_File/DB_File.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c83f976d93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DB_File/DB_File.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,945 @@
+/* 
+
+ DB_File.xs -- Perl 5 interface to Berkeley DB 
+
+ written by Paul Marquess (pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk)
+ last modified 23rd June 1994
+ version 0.1
+
+ All comments/suggestions/problems are welcome
+
+*/
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"  
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include <db.h>
+
+#include <fcntl.h> 
+
+#ifndef DBXS_HASH_TYPE
+#define DBXS_HASH_TYPE u_int32_t
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DBXS_PREFIX_TYPE
+#define DBXS_PREFIX_TYPE size_t
+#endif
+
+typedef DB * DB_File;
+typedef DBT DBTKEY ;
+
+union INFO {
+        HASHINFO 	hash ;
+        RECNOINFO 	recno ;
+        BTREEINFO 	btree ;
+      } ;
+
+typedef struct {
+	    SV *	sub ;
+	} CallBackInfo ;
+
+
+/* #define TRACE  */
+
+#define db_DESTROY(db)                  (db->close)(db)
+#define db_DELETE(db, key, flags)       (db->del)(db, &key, flags)
+#define db_STORE(db, key, value, flags) (db->put)(db, &key, &value, flags)
+#define db_FETCH(db, key, flags)        (db->get)(db, &key, &value, flags)
+
+#define db_close(db)			(db->close)(db)
+#define db_del(db, key, flags)          (db->del)(db, &key, flags)
+#define db_fd(db)                       (db->fd)(db) 
+#define db_put(db, key, value, flags)   (db->put)(db, &key, &value, flags)
+#define db_get(db, key, value, flags)   (db->get)(db, &key, &value, flags)
+#define db_seq(db, key, value, flags)   (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, flags)
+#define db_sync(db, flags)              (db->sync)(db, flags)
+
+
+#define OutputValue(arg, name)  \
+	{ if (RETVAL == 0) sv_setpvn(arg, name.data, name.size) ; }
+
+#define OutputKey(arg, name)	 				\
+	{ if (RETVAL == 0) \
+	  { 							\
+		if (db->close != DB_recno_close) 		\
+		    sv_setpvn(arg, name.data, name.size); 	\
+		else 						\
+		    sv_setiv(arg, (I32)*(I32*)name.data - 1); 	\
+	  } 							\
+	}
+
+/* Internal Global Data */
+
+static recno_t Value ;
+static int (*DB_recno_close)() = NULL ;
+
+static CallBackInfo hash_callback 	= { 0 } ;
+static CallBackInfo compare_callback 	= { 0 } ;
+static CallBackInfo prefix_callback 	= { 0 } ;
+
+
+static int
+btree_compare(key1, key2)
+const DBT * key1 ;
+const DBT * key2 ;
+{
+    dSP ;
+    void * data1, * data2 ;
+    int retval ;
+    int count ;
+    
+    data1 = key1->data ;
+    data2 = key2->data ;
+
+    /* As newSVpv will assume that the data pointer is a null terminated C 
+       string if the size parameter is 0, make sure that data points to an 
+       empty string if the length is 0
+    */
+    if (key1->size == 0)
+        data1 = "" ; 
+    if (key2->size == 0)
+        data2 = "" ;
+
+    ENTER ;
+    SAVETMPS;
+
+    PUSHMARK(sp) ;
+    EXTEND(sp,2) ;
+    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(data1,key1->size)));
+    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(data2,key2->size)));
+    PUTBACK ;
+
+    count = perl_call_sv(compare_callback.sub, G_SCALAR); 
+
+    SPAGAIN ;
+
+    if (count != 1)
+        croak ("DB_File btree_compare: expected 1 return value from %s, got %d\n", count) ;
+
+    retval = POPi ;
+
+    PUTBACK ;
+    FREETMPS ;
+    LEAVE ;
+    return (retval) ;
+
+}
+
+static DBXS_PREFIX_TYPE
+btree_prefix(key1, key2)
+const DBT * key1 ;
+const DBT * key2 ;
+{
+    dSP ;
+    void * data1, * data2 ;
+    int retval ;
+    int count ;
+    
+    data1 = key1->data ;
+    data2 = key2->data ;
+
+    /* As newSVpv will assume that the data pointer is a null terminated C 
+       string if the size parameter is 0, make sure that data points to an 
+       empty string if the length is 0
+    */
+    if (key1->size == 0)
+        data1 = "" ;
+    if (key2->size == 0)
+        data2 = "" ;
+
+    ENTER ;
+    SAVETMPS;
+
+    PUSHMARK(sp) ;
+    EXTEND(sp,2) ;
+    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(data1,key1->size)));
+    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(data2,key2->size)));
+    PUTBACK ;
+
+    count = perl_call_sv(prefix_callback.sub, G_SCALAR); 
+
+    SPAGAIN ;
+
+    if (count != 1)
+        croak ("DB_File btree_prefix: expected 1 return value from %s, got %d\n", count) ;
+ 
+    retval = POPi ;
+ 
+    PUTBACK ;
+    FREETMPS ;
+    LEAVE ;
+
+    return (retval) ;
+}
+
+static DBXS_HASH_TYPE
+hash_cb(data, size)
+const void * data ;
+size_t size ;
+{
+    dSP ;
+    int retval ;
+    int count ;
+
+    if (size == 0)
+        data = "" ;
+
+    PUSHMARK(sp) ;
+    XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv((char*)data,size)));
+    PUTBACK ;
+
+    count = perl_call_sv(hash_callback.sub, G_SCALAR); 
+
+    SPAGAIN ;
+
+    if (count != 1)
+        croak ("DB_File hash_cb: expected 1 return value from %s, got %d\n", count) ;
+
+    retval = POPi ;
+
+    PUTBACK ;
+    FREETMPS ;
+    LEAVE ;
+
+    return (retval) ;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef TRACE
+
+static void
+PrintHash(hash)
+HASHINFO hash ;
+{
+    printf ("HASH Info\n") ;
+    printf ("  hash      = %s\n", (hash.hash != NULL ? "redefined" : "default")) ;
+    printf ("  bsize     = %d\n", hash.bsize) ;
+    printf ("  ffactor   = %d\n", hash.ffactor) ;
+    printf ("  nelem     = %d\n", hash.nelem) ;
+    printf ("  cachesize = %d\n", hash.cachesize) ;
+    printf ("  lorder    = %d\n", hash.lorder) ;
+
+}
+
+static void
+PrintRecno(recno)
+RECNOINFO recno ;
+{
+    printf ("RECNO Info\n") ;
+    printf ("  flags     = %d\n", recno.flags) ;
+    printf ("  cachesize = %d\n", recno.cachesize) ;
+    printf ("  psize     = %d\n", recno.psize) ;
+    printf ("  lorder    = %d\n", recno.lorder) ;
+    printf ("  reclen    = %d\n", recno.reclen) ;
+    printf ("  bval      = %d\n", recno.bval) ;
+    printf ("  bfname    = %s\n", recno.bfname) ;
+}
+
+PrintBtree(btree)
+BTREEINFO btree ;
+{
+    printf ("BTREE Info\n") ;
+    printf ("  compare    = %s\n", (btree.compare ? "redefined" : "default")) ;
+    printf ("  prefix     = %s\n", (btree.prefix ? "redefined" : "default")) ;
+    printf ("  flags      = %d\n", btree.flags) ;
+    printf ("  cachesize  = %d\n", btree.cachesize) ;
+    printf ("  psize      = %d\n", btree.psize) ;
+    printf ("  maxkeypage = %d\n", btree.maxkeypage) ;
+    printf ("  minkeypage = %d\n", btree.minkeypage) ;
+    printf ("  lorder     = %d\n", btree.lorder) ;
+}
+
+#else
+
+#define PrintRecno(recno)
+#define PrintHash(hash)
+#define PrintBtree(btree)
+
+#endif /* TRACE */
+
+
+static I32
+GetArrayLength(db)
+DB_File db ;
+{
+    DBT		key ;
+    DBT		value ;
+    int		RETVAL ;
+
+    RETVAL = (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, R_LAST) ;
+    if (RETVAL == 0)
+        RETVAL = *(I32 *)key.data ;
+    else if (RETVAL == 1) /* No key means empty file */
+        RETVAL = 0 ;
+
+    return (RETVAL) ;
+}
+
+static DB_File
+ParseOpenInfo(name, flags, mode, sv, string)
+char * name ;
+int    flags ;
+int    mode ;
+SV *   sv ;
+char * string ;
+{
+    SV **	svp;
+    HV *	action ;
+    union INFO	info ;
+    DB_File	RETVAL ;
+    void *	openinfo = NULL ;
+    DBTYPE	type = DB_HASH ;
+
+
+    if (sv)
+    {
+        if (! SvROK(sv) )
+            croak ("type parameter is not a reference") ;
+
+        action = (HV*)SvRV(sv);
+        if (sv_isa(sv, "DB_File::HASHINFO"))
+        {
+            type = DB_HASH ;
+            openinfo = (void*)&info ;
+  
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "hash", 4, FALSE); 
+
+            if (svp && SvOK(*svp))
+            {
+                info.hash.hash = hash_cb ;
+		hash_callback.sub = *svp ;
+            }
+            else
+	        info.hash.hash = NULL ;
+
+           svp = hv_fetch(action, "bsize", 5, FALSE);
+           info.hash.bsize = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+           
+           svp = hv_fetch(action, "ffactor", 7, FALSE);
+           info.hash.ffactor = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+           svp = hv_fetch(action, "nelem", 5, FALSE);
+           info.hash.nelem = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+           svp = hv_fetch(action, "cachesize", 9, FALSE);
+           info.hash.cachesize = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+           svp = hv_fetch(action, "lorder", 6, FALSE);
+           info.hash.lorder = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+
+           PrintHash(info) ; 
+        }
+        else if (sv_isa(sv, "DB_File::BTREEINFO"))
+        {
+            type = DB_BTREE ;
+            openinfo = (void*)&info ;
+   
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "compare", 7, FALSE);
+            if (svp && SvOK(*svp))
+            {
+                info.btree.compare = btree_compare ;
+                compare_callback.sub = *svp ;
+            }
+            else
+                info.btree.compare = NULL ;
+
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "prefix", 6, FALSE);
+            if (svp && SvOK(*svp))
+            {
+                info.btree.prefix = btree_prefix ;
+                prefix_callback.sub = *svp ;
+            }
+            else
+                info.btree.prefix = NULL ;
+
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "flags", 5, FALSE);
+            info.btree.flags = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+   
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "cachesize", 9, FALSE);
+            info.btree.cachesize = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "minkeypage", 10, FALSE);
+            info.btree.minkeypage = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+        
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "maxkeypage", 10, FALSE);
+            info.btree.maxkeypage = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "psize", 5, FALSE);
+            info.btree.psize = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "lorder", 6, FALSE);
+            info.btree.lorder = svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+
+            PrintBtree(info) ;
+         
+        }
+        else if (sv_isa(sv, "DB_File::RECNOINFO"))
+        {
+            type = DB_RECNO ;
+            openinfo = (void *)&info ;
+
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "flags", 5, FALSE);
+            info.recno.flags = (u_long) svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "cachesize", 9, FALSE);
+            info.recno.cachesize = (u_int) svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "psize", 5, FALSE);
+            info.recno.psize = (int) svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "lorder", 6, FALSE);
+            info.recno.lorder = (int) svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "reclen", 6, FALSE);
+            info.recno.reclen = (size_t) svp ? SvIV(*svp) : 0;
+         
+	    svp = hv_fetch(action, "bval", 4, FALSE);
+            if (svp && SvOK(*svp))
+            {
+                if (SvPOK(*svp))
+		    info.recno.bval = (u_char)*SvPV(*svp, na) ;
+		else
+		    info.recno.bval = (u_char)(unsigned long) SvIV(*svp) ;
+            }
+            else
+ 	    {
+		if (info.recno.flags & R_FIXEDLEN)
+                    info.recno.bval = (u_char) ' ' ;
+		else
+                    info.recno.bval = (u_char) '\n' ;
+	    }
+         
+            svp = hv_fetch(action, "bfname", 6, FALSE); 
+            info.recno.bfname = (char *) svp ? SvPV(*svp,na) : 0;
+
+            PrintRecno(info) ;
+        }
+        else
+            croak("type is not of type DB_File::HASHINFO, DB_File::BTREEINFO or DB_File::RECNOINFO");
+    }
+
+
+    RETVAL = dbopen(name, flags, mode, type, openinfo) ; 
+
+    if (RETVAL == 0)
+        croak("DB_File::%s failed, reason: %s", string, Strerror(errno)) ;
+
+    /* kludge mode on: RETVAL->type for DB_RECNO is set to DB_BTREE
+		       so remember a DB_RECNO by saving the address
+		       of one of it's internal routines
+    */
+    if (type == DB_RECNO)
+        DB_recno_close = RETVAL->close ;
+
+
+    return (RETVAL) ;
+}
+
+
+static int
+not_here(s)
+char *s;
+{
+    croak("DB_File::%s not implemented on this architecture", s);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static double 
+constant(name, arg)
+char *name;
+int arg;
+{
+    errno = 0;
+    switch (*name) {
+    case 'A':
+	break;
+    case 'B':
+	if (strEQ(name, "BTREEMAGIC"))
+#ifdef BTREEMAGIC
+	    return BTREEMAGIC;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "BTREEVERSION"))
+#ifdef BTREEVERSION
+	    return BTREEVERSION;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'C':
+	break;
+    case 'D':
+	if (strEQ(name, "DB_LOCK"))
+#ifdef DB_LOCK
+	    return DB_LOCK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "DB_SHMEM"))
+#ifdef DB_SHMEM
+	    return DB_SHMEM;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "DB_TXN"))
+#ifdef DB_TXN
+	    return (U32)DB_TXN;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'E':
+	break;
+    case 'F':
+	break;
+    case 'G':
+	break;
+    case 'H':
+	if (strEQ(name, "HASHMAGIC"))
+#ifdef HASHMAGIC
+	    return HASHMAGIC;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "HASHVERSION"))
+#ifdef HASHVERSION
+	    return HASHVERSION;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'I':
+	break;
+    case 'J':
+	break;
+    case 'K':
+	break;
+    case 'L':
+	break;
+    case 'M':
+	if (strEQ(name, "MAX_PAGE_NUMBER"))
+#ifdef MAX_PAGE_NUMBER
+	    return (U32)MAX_PAGE_NUMBER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "MAX_PAGE_OFFSET"))
+#ifdef MAX_PAGE_OFFSET
+	    return MAX_PAGE_OFFSET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "MAX_REC_NUMBER"))
+#ifdef MAX_REC_NUMBER
+	    return (U32)MAX_REC_NUMBER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'N':
+	break;
+    case 'O':
+	break;
+    case 'P':
+	break;
+    case 'Q':
+	break;
+    case 'R':
+	if (strEQ(name, "RET_ERROR"))
+#ifdef RET_ERROR
+	    return RET_ERROR;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "RET_SPECIAL"))
+#ifdef RET_SPECIAL
+	    return RET_SPECIAL;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "RET_SUCCESS"))
+#ifdef RET_SUCCESS
+	    return RET_SUCCESS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_CURSOR"))
+#ifdef R_CURSOR
+	    return R_CURSOR;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_DUP"))
+#ifdef R_DUP
+	    return R_DUP;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_FIRST"))
+#ifdef R_FIRST
+	    return R_FIRST;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_FIXEDLEN"))
+#ifdef R_FIXEDLEN
+	    return R_FIXEDLEN;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_IAFTER"))
+#ifdef R_IAFTER
+	    return R_IAFTER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_IBEFORE"))
+#ifdef R_IBEFORE
+	    return R_IBEFORE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_LAST"))
+#ifdef R_LAST
+	    return R_LAST;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_NEXT"))
+#ifdef R_NEXT
+	    return R_NEXT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_NOKEY"))
+#ifdef R_NOKEY
+	    return R_NOKEY;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_NOOVERWRITE"))
+#ifdef R_NOOVERWRITE
+	    return R_NOOVERWRITE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_PREV"))
+#ifdef R_PREV
+	    return R_PREV;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_RECNOSYNC"))
+#ifdef R_RECNOSYNC
+	    return R_RECNOSYNC;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_SETCURSOR"))
+#ifdef R_SETCURSOR
+	    return R_SETCURSOR;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "R_SNAPSHOT"))
+#ifdef R_SNAPSHOT
+	    return R_SNAPSHOT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'S':
+	break;
+    case 'T':
+	break;
+    case 'U':
+	break;
+    case 'V':
+	break;
+    case 'W':
+	break;
+    case 'X':
+	break;
+    case 'Y':
+	break;
+    case 'Z':
+	break;
+    case '_':
+	if (strEQ(name, "__R_UNUSED"))
+#ifdef __R_UNUSED
+	    return __R_UNUSED;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    }
+    errno = EINVAL;
+    return 0;
+
+not_there:
+    errno = ENOENT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+MODULE = DB_File	PACKAGE = DB_File	PREFIX = db_
+
+double
+constant(name,arg)
+	char *		name
+	int		arg
+
+
+DB_File
+db_TIEHASH(dbtype, name=undef, flags=O_RDWR, mode=0640, type=DB_HASH)
+	char *		dbtype
+	int		flags
+	int		mode
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    char *	name = (char *) NULL ; 
+	    SV *	sv = (SV *) NULL ; 
+
+	    if (items >= 2 && SvOK(ST(1))) 
+	        name = (char*) SvPV(ST(1), na) ; 
+
+            if (items == 5)
+	        sv = ST(4) ;
+
+	    RETVAL = ParseOpenInfo(name, flags, mode, sv, "new") ;
+	}
+	OUTPUT:	
+	    RETVAL
+
+BOOT:
+    newXS("DB_File::TIEARRAY", XS_DB_File_db_TIEHASH, file);
+
+int
+db_DESTROY(db)
+	DB_File		db
+
+
+int
+db_DELETE(db, key, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	u_int		flags
+
+int
+db_FETCH(db, key, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	u_int		flags
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBT		value  ;
+
+	    RETVAL = (db->get)(db, &key, &value, flags) ;
+	    ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+	    if (RETVAL == 0)
+	        sv_setpvn(ST(0), value.data, value.size);
+	}
+
+int
+db_STORE(db, key, value, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	DBT		value
+	u_int		flags
+
+
+int
+db_FIRSTKEY(db)
+	DB_File		db
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBTKEY		key ;
+	    DBT		value ;
+
+	    RETVAL = (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, R_FIRST) ;
+	    ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+	    if (RETVAL == 0)
+	    {
+	        if (db->type != DB_RECNO)
+	            sv_setpvn(ST(0), key.data, key.size);
+	        else
+	            sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)*(I32*)key.data - 1);
+	    }
+	}
+
+int
+db_NEXTKEY(db, key)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBT		value ;
+
+	    RETVAL = (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, R_NEXT) ;
+	    ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+	    if (RETVAL == 0)
+	    {
+	        if (db->type != DB_RECNO)
+	            sv_setpvn(ST(0), key.data, key.size);
+	        else
+	            sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)*(I32*)key.data - 1);
+	    }
+	}
+
+#
+# These would be nice for RECNO
+#
+
+int
+unshift(db, ...)
+	DB_File		db
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBTKEY	key ;
+	    DBT		value ;
+	    int		i ;
+	    int		One ;
+
+	    RETVAL = -1 ;
+	    for (i = items-1 ; i > 0 ; --i)
+	    {
+	        value.data = SvPV(ST(i), na) ;
+	        value.size = na ;
+	        One = 1 ;
+	        key.data = &One ;
+	        key.size = sizeof(int) ;
+	        RETVAL = (db->put)(db, &key, &value, R_IBEFORE) ;
+	        if (RETVAL != 0)
+	            break;
+	    }
+	}
+	OUTPUT:
+	    RETVAL
+
+I32
+pop(db)
+	DB_File		db
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBTKEY	key ;
+	    DBT		value ;
+
+	    /* First get the final value */
+	    RETVAL = (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, R_LAST) ;	
+	    ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+	    /* Now delete it */
+	    if (RETVAL == 0)
+	    {
+	        RETVAL = (db->del)(db, &key, R_CURSOR) ;
+	        if (RETVAL == 0)
+	            sv_setpvn(ST(0), value.data, value.size);
+	    }
+	}
+
+I32
+shift(db)
+	DB_File		db
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBTKEY	key ;
+	    DBT		value ;
+
+	    /* get the first value */
+	    RETVAL = (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, R_FIRST) ;	
+	    ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+	    /* Now delete it */
+	    if (RETVAL == 0)
+	    {
+	        RETVAL = (db->del)(db, &key, R_CURSOR) ;
+	        if (RETVAL == 0)
+	            sv_setpvn(ST(0), value.data, value.size);
+	    }
+	}
+
+
+I32
+push(db, ...)
+	DB_File		db
+	CODE:
+	{
+	    DBTKEY	key ;
+	    DBT		value ;
+	    int		i ;
+
+	    /* Set the Cursor to the Last element */
+	    RETVAL = (db->seq)(db, &key, &value, R_LAST) ;
+	    if (RETVAL == 0)
+	    {
+	    /* for (i = 1 ; i < items ; ++i) */
+	    for (i = items - 1 ; i > 0 ; --i)
+	    {
+	        value.data = SvPV(ST(i), na) ;
+	        value.size = na ;
+	        RETVAL = (db->put)(db, &key, &value, R_IAFTER) ;
+	        if (RETVAL != 0)
+	            break;
+	    }
+	    }
+	}
+	OUTPUT:
+	    RETVAL
+
+
+I32
+length(db)
+	DB_File		db
+	CODE:
+	    RETVAL = GetArrayLength(db) ;
+	OUTPUT:
+	    RETVAL
+
+
+#
+# Now provide an interface to the rest of the DB functionality
+#
+
+int
+db_del(db, key, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	u_int		flags
+
+
+int
+db_get(db, key, value, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	DBT		value
+	u_int		flags
+	OUTPUT:
+	  value
+
+int
+db_put(db, key, value, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key
+	DBT		value
+	u_int		flags
+	OUTPUT:
+	  key		if (flags & (R_IAFTER|R_IBEFORE)) OutputKey(ST(1), key);
+
+int
+db_fd(db)
+	DB_File		db
+
+int
+db_sync(db, flags=0)
+	DB_File		db
+	u_int		flags
+
+
+int
+db_seq(db, key, value, flags)
+	DB_File		db
+	DBTKEY		key 
+	DBT		value
+	u_int		flags
+	OUTPUT:
+	  key
+	  value
diff --git a/ext/DB_File/DB_File_BS b/ext/DB_File/DB_File_BS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9282c49881
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DB_File/DB_File_BS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# NeXT needs /usr/lib/libposix.a to load along with DB_File.so
+if ( $dlsrc eq "dl_next.xs" ) {
+    @DynaLoader::dl_resolve_using = ( '/usr/lib/libposix.a' );
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/ext/DB_File/Makefile.SH b/ext/DB_File/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7422b00eab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DB_File/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs="-ldb "
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/DB_File/typemap b/ext/DB_File/typemap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..242fa041d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DB_File/typemap
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# typemap for Perl 5 interface to Berkeley DB
+#
+# written by Paul Marquess (pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk)
+# last modified 23rd June 1994
+# version 0.1
+#
+#################################### DB SECTION
+#
+# 
+
+u_int			T_U_INT
+DB_File			T_PTROBJ
+DBT			T_dbtdatum
+DBTKEY			T_dbtkeydatum
+
+INPUT
+T_dbtkeydatum
+	if (db->close != DB_recno_close)
+	{
+	    $var.data = SvPV($arg, na);
+	    $var.size = (int)na;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    Value =  SvIV($arg) ; 
+	    ++ Value ; 
+	    $var.data = & Value; 
+	    $var.size = (int)sizeof(recno_t);
+	}
+T_dbtdatum
+	$var.data = SvPV($arg, na);
+	$var.size = (int)na;
+
+OUTPUT
+
+T_dbtkeydatum
+	OutputKey($arg, $var)
+T_dbtdatum
+	OutputValue($arg, $var)
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.doc b/ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.doc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85d606ff9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.doc
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+=======================================================================
+Specification for the Generic Dynamic Linking 'DynaLoader' Module
+
+This specification defines a standard generic interface to the dynamic
+linking mechanisms available on many platforms. Its primary purpose is
+to implement automatic dynamic loading of perl modules.
+
+The DynaLoader is designed to be a very simple high-level
+interface that is sufficiently general to cover the requirements
+of SunOS, HP-UX, NeXT, Linux, VMS and other platforms.
+
+It is also hoped that the interface will cover the needs of OS/2,
+NT etc and allow pseudo-dynamic linking (using ld -A at runtime).
+
+This document serves as both a specification for anyone wishing to
+implement the DynaLoader for a new platform and as a guide for
+anyone wishing to use the DynaLoader directly in an application.
+
+It must be stressed that the DynaLoader, by itself, is practically
+useless for accessing non-perl libraries because it provides almost no
+perl-to-C 'glue'. There is, for example, no mechanism for calling a C
+library function or supplying arguments. It is anticipated that any
+glue that may be developed in the future will be implemented in a
+seperate dynamically loaded module.
+
+This interface is based on the work and comments of (in no particular
+order): Larry Wall, Robert Sanders, Dean Roehrich, Jeff Okamoto, Anno
+Siegel, Thomas Neumann, Paul Marquess, Charles Bailey and others.
+
+Larry Wall designed the elegant inherited bootstrap mechanism and
+implemented the first perl 5 dynamic loader using it.
+
+Tim Bunce
+11th August 1994
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+DynaLoader Interface Summary
+
+  @dl_library_path
+  @dl_resolve_using
+  @dl_require_symbols
+  $dl_debug
+                                                  Implemented in:
+  bootstrap($modulename)                               Perl
+  @filepaths = dl_findfile(@names)                     Perl
+
+  $libref  = dl_load_file($filename)                   C
+  $symref  = dl_find_symbol($libref, $symbol)          C
+  @symbols = dl_undef_symbols()                        C
+  dl_install_xsub($name, $symref [, $filename])        C
+  $message = dl_error                                  C
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+@dl_library_path
+
+The standard/default list of directories in which dl_findfile() will
+search for libraries etc. Directories are searched in order:
+$dl_library_path[0], [1], ... etc
+
+@dl_library_path is initialised to hold the list of 'normal' directories
+(/usr/lib etc) determined by Configure ($Config{'libpth'}).  This should
+ensure portability across a wide range of platforms.
+
+@dl_library_path should also be initialised with any other directories
+that can be determined from the environment at runtime (such as
+LD_LIBRARY_PATH for SunOS).
+
+After initialisation @dl_library_path can be manipulated by an
+application using push and unshift before calling dl_findfile().
+Unshift can be used to add directories to the front of the search order
+either to save search time or to override libraries with the same name
+in the 'normal' directories.
+
+The load function that dl_load_file() calls may require an absolute
+pathname.  The dl_findfile() function and @dl_library_path can be
+used to search for and return the absolute pathname for the
+library/object that you wish to load.
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+@dl_resolve_using
+
+A list of additional libraries or other shared objects which can be
+used to resolve any undefined symbols that might be generated by a
+later call to load_file().
+
+This is only required on some platforms which do not handle dependent
+libraries automatically.  For example the Socket perl extension library
+(auto/Socket/Socket.so) contains references to many socket functions
+which need to be resolved when it's loaded. Most platforms will
+automatically know where to find the 'dependent' library (e.g.,
+/usr/lib/libsocket.so). A few platforms need to to be told the location
+of the dependent library explicitly. Use @dl_resolve_using for this.
+
+Example usage: @dl_resolve_using = dl_findfile('-lsocket');
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+@dl_require_symbols
+
+A list of one or more symbol names that are in the library/object file
+to be dynamically loaded.  This is only required on some platforms.
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+$message = dl_error
+
+Error message text from the last failed DynaLoader function. Note
+that, similar to errno in unix, a successful function call does not
+reset this message.
+
+Implementations should detect the error as soon as it occurs in any of
+the other functions and save the corresponding message for later
+retrieval. This will avoid problems on some platforms (such as SunOS)
+where the error message is very temporary (e.g., dlerror()).
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+$dl_debug
+
+Internal debugging messages are enabled when $dl_debug is set true.
+Currently setting $dl_debug only affects the perl side of the
+DynaLoader. These messages should help an application developer to
+resolve any DynaLoader usage problems.
+
+$dl_debug is set to $ENV{'PERL_DL_DEBUG'} if defined.
+
+For the DynaLoader developer/porter there is a similar debugging
+variable added to the C code (see dlutils.c) and enabled if perl is
+compiled with the -DDEBUGGING flag.  This can also be set via the
+PERL_DL_DEBUG environment variable. Set to 1 for minimal information or
+higher for more.
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+@filepaths = dl_findfile(@names)
+
+Determine the full paths (including file suffix) of one or more
+loadable files given their generic names and optionally one or more
+directories. Searches directories in @dl_library_path by default and
+returns an empty list if no files were found.
+
+Names can be specified in a variety of platform independent forms.  Any
+names in the form '-lname' are converted into 'libname.*', where .* is
+an appropriate suffix for the platform.
+
+If a name does not already have a suitable prefix and/or suffix then
+the corresponding file will be searched for by trying combinations of
+prefix and suffix appropriate to the platform: "$name.o", "lib$name.*"
+and "$name".
+
+If any directories are included in @names they are searched before
+@dl_library_path. Directories may be specified as -Ldir. Any other names
+are treated as filenames to be searched for.
+
+Using arguments of the form -Ldir and -lname is recommended.
+
+Example: @dl_resolve_using = dl_findfile(qw(-L/usr/5lib -lposix));
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+$filepath = dl_expandspec($spec)
+
+Some unusual systems, such as VMS, require special filename handling in
+order to deal with symbolic names for files (i.e., VMS's Logical Names).
+
+To support these systems a dl_expandspec function can be implemented
+either in the dl_*.xs file or code can be added to the autoloadable
+dl_expandspec function in DynaLoader.pm. See DynaLoader.pm for more
+information.
+
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+$libref = dl_load_file($filename)
+
+Dynamically load $filename, which must be the path to a shared object
+or library. An opaque 'library reference' is returned as a handle for
+the loaded object.  Returns undef on error.
+
+(On systems that provide a handle for the loaded object such as SunOS
+and HPUX, $libref will be that handle.  On other systems $libref will
+typically be $filename or a pointer to a buffer containing $filename.
+The application should not examine or alter $libref in any way.)
+
+This is function that does the real work. It should use the current
+values of @dl_require_symbols and @dl_resolve_using if required.
+
+SunOS: dlopen($filename)
+HP-UX: shl_load($filename)
+Linux: dld_create_reference(@dl_require_symbols); dld_link($filename)
+NeXT:  rld_load($filename, @dl_resolve_using)
+VMS:   lib$find_image_symbol($filename,$dl_require_symbols[0])
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+$symref = dl_find_symbol($libref, $symbol)
+
+Return the address of the symbol $symbol or undef if not found. If the
+target system has separate functions to search for symbols of different
+types then dl_find_symbol should search for function symbols first and
+then other types.
+
+The exact manner in which the address is returned in $symref is not
+currently defined. The only initial requirement is that $symref can
+be passed to, and understood by, dl_install_xsub().
+
+SunOS: dlsym($libref, $symbol)
+HP-UX: shl_findsym($libref, $symbol)
+Linux: dld_get_func($symbol) and/or dld_get_symbol($symbol)
+NeXT:  rld_lookup("_$symbol")
+VMS:   lib$find_image_symbol($libref,$symbol)
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+@symbols = dl_undef_symbols()
+
+Return a list of symbol names which remain undefined after load_file().
+Returns () if not known. Don't worry if your platform does not provide
+a mechanism for this. Most do not need it and hence do not provide it.
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+dl_install_xsub($perl_name, $symref [, $filename])
+
+Create a new Perl external subroutine named $perl_name using $symref as
+a pointer to the function which implements the routine. This is simply
+a direct call to newXSUB(). Returns a reference to the installed
+function.
+
+The $filename parameter is used by Perl to identify the source file for
+the function if required by die(), caller() or the debugger. If
+$filename is not defined then "DynaLoader" will be used.
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+bootstrap($module)
+
+This is the normal entry point for automatic dynamic loading in Perl.
+
+It performs the following actions:
+ 1.  locates an auto/$module directory by searching @INC
+ 2.  uses dl_findfile() to determine the filename to load
+ 3.  sets @dl_require_symbols to ("boot_$module")
+ 4.  executes an auto/$module/$^R/$module.bs file if it exists
+     (typically used to add to @dl_resolve_using any files which
+     are required to load the module on the current platform)
+ 5.  calls dl_load_file() to load the file
+ 6.  calls dl_undef_symbols() and warns if any symbols are undefined
+ 7.  calls dl_find_symbol() for "boot_$module"
+ 8.  calls dl_install_xsub() to install it as "${module}::bootstrap"
+ 9.  calls &{"${module}::bootstrap"} to bootstrap the module
+
+
+======================================================================
+End.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.pm b/ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61d9a8566e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package DynaLoader;
+
+#
+#   And Gandalf said: 'Many folk like to know beforehand what is to
+#   be set on the table; but those who have laboured to prepare the
+#   feast like to keep their secret; for wonder makes the words of
+#   praise louder.'
+#
+
+# Quote from Tolkien sugested by Anno Siegel.
+#
+# Read ext/DynaLoader/README and DynaLoader.doc for
+# detailed information.
+#
+# Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk, August 1994
+
+use Config;
+use Carp;
+use AutoLoader;
+
+@ISA=(AutoLoader);
+
+
+# enable messages from DynaLoader perl code
+$dl_debug = 0 unless $dl_debug;
+$dl_debug = $ENV{'PERL_DL_DEBUG'} if $ENV{'PERL_DL_DEBUG'};
+
+$dl_so = $dl_dlext = ""; # avoid typo warnings
+$dl_so = $Config{'so'}; # suffix for shared libraries
+$dl_dlext = $Config{'dlext'}; # suffix for dynamic modules
+
+# Some systems need special handling to expand file specifications
+# (VMS support by Charles Bailey <bailey@HMIVAX.HUMGEN.UPENN.EDU>)
+# See dl_expandspec() for more details. Should be harmless but
+# inefficient to define on systems that don't need it.
+$do_expand = ($Config{'osname'} eq 'VMS');
+
+@dl_require_symbols = ();       # names of symbols we need
+@dl_resolve_using   = ();       # names of files to link with
+@dl_library_path    = ();       # path to look for files
+
+# This is a fix to support DLD's unfortunate desire to relink -lc
+@dl_resolve_using = dl_findfile('-lc') if $Config{'dlsrc'} eq "dl_dld.xs";
+
+# Initialise @dl_library_path with the 'standard' library path
+# for this platform as determined by Configure
+push(@dl_library_path, split(' ',$Config{'libpth'}));
+
+# Add to @dl_library_path any extra directories we can gather from
+# environment variables. So far LD_LIBRARY_PATH is the only known
+# variable used for this purpose. Others may be added later.
+push(@dl_library_path, split(/:/, $ENV{'LD_LIBRARY_PATH'}))
+    if $ENV{'LD_LIBRARY_PATH'};
+
+
+# No prizes for guessing why we don't say 'bootstrap DynaLoader;' here.
+&boot_DynaLoader if defined &boot_DynaLoader;
+
+print STDERR "DynaLoader.pm loaded (@dl_library_path)\n"
+    if ($dl_debug >= 2);
+
+# Temporary interface checks for recent changes (Aug 1994)
+if (defined(&dl_load_file)){
+die "dl_error not defined" unless defined (&dl_error);
+die "dl_undef_symbols not defined" unless defined (&dl_undef_symbols);
+}
+
+1; # End of main code
+
+
+# The bootstrap function cannot be autoloaded (without complications)
+# so we define it here:
+
+sub bootstrap {
+    # use local vars to enable $module.bs script to edit values
+    local(@args) = @_;
+    local($module) = $args[0];
+    local(@dirs, $file);
+
+    croak "Usage: DynaLoader::bootstrap(module)"
+	unless ($module);
+
+    croak "Can't load module $module, DynaLoader not linked into this perl"
+	unless defined(&dl_load_file);
+
+    print STDERR "DynaLoader::bootstrap($module)\n" if $dl_debug;
+
+    my(@modparts) = split(/::/,$module);
+    my($modfname) = $modparts[-1];
+    my($modpname) = join('/',@modparts);
+    foreach (@INC) {
+	my $dir = "$_/auto/$modpname";
+	next unless -d $dir; # skip over uninteresting directories
+
+	# check for common cases to avoid autoload of dl_findfile
+	last if ($file=_check_file("$dir/$modfname.$dl_dlext"));
+
+	# no luck here, save dir for possible later dl_findfile search
+	push(@dirs, "-L$dir");
+    }
+    # last resort, let dl_findfile have a go in all known locations
+    $file = dl_findfile(@dirs, map("-L$_",@INC), $modfname) unless $file;
+
+    croak "Can't find loadable object for module $module in \@INC"
+        unless $file;
+
+    my($bootname) = "boot_$module";
+    $bootname =~ s/\W/_/g;
+    @dl_require_symbols = ($bootname);
+
+    # Execute optional '.bootstrap' perl script for this module.
+    # The .bs file can be used to configure @dl_resolve_using etc to
+    # match the needs of the individual module on this architecture.
+    my $bs = $file;
+    $bs =~ s/\.$dl_dlext$/\.bs/o; # look for .bs 'beside' the library
+    if (-f $bs) {
+        local($osname, $dlsrc) = @Config{'osname','dlsrc'};
+        print STDERR "$bs ($osname, $dlsrc)\n" if $dl_debug;
+        $@ = "";
+        do $bs;
+        warn "$bs: $@\n" if $@;
+    }
+
+    my $libref = DynaLoader::dl_load_file($file) or
+	croak "Can't load '$file' for module $module: ".&dl_error."\n";
+
+    my(@unresolved) = dl_undef_symbols();
+    carp "Undefined symbols present after loading $file: @unresolved\n"
+        if (@unresolved);
+
+    my $boot_symbol_ref = dl_find_symbol($libref, $bootname) or
+         croak "Can't find '$bootname' symbol in $file\n";
+
+    dl_install_xsub("${module}::bootstrap", $boot_symbol_ref, $file);
+    &{"${module}::bootstrap"}(@args);
+}
+
+
+sub _check_file{   # private utility to handle dl_expandspec vs -f tests
+    my($file) = @_;
+    return $file if (!$do_expand && -f $file); # the common case
+    return $file if ( $do_expand && ($file=dl_expandspec($file)));
+    return undef;
+}
+
+
+# Let autosplit and the autoloader deal with these functions:
+__END__
+
+
+sub dl_findfile {
+    # Read ext/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.doc for detailed information.
+    # This function does not automatically consider the architecture
+    # or the perl library auto directories.
+    my (@args) = @_;
+    my (@dirs,  $dir);   # which directories to search
+    my (@found);         # full paths to real files we have found
+    my ($vms) = ($Config{'osname'} eq 'VMS');
+
+    print STDERR "dl_findfile(@args)\n" if $dl_debug;
+
+    # accumulate directories but process files as they appear
+    arg: foreach(@args) {
+        #  Special fast case: full filepath requires no search
+        if (m:/: && -f $_ && !$do_expand){
+	    push(@found,$_);
+	    last arg unless wantarray;
+	    next;
+	}
+
+        # Deal with directories first:
+        #  Using a -L prefix is the preferred option (faster and more robust)
+        if (m:^-L:){ s/^-L//; push(@dirs, $_); next; }
+        #  Otherwise we try to try to spot directories by a heuristic
+        #  (this is a more complicated issue than it first appears)
+        if (m:/: && -d $_){   push(@dirs, $_); next; }
+        # VMS: we may be using native VMS directry syntax instead of
+        # Unix emulation, so check this as well
+        if ($vms && /[:>\]]/ && -d $_){   push(@dirs, $_); next; }
+
+        #  Only files should get this far...
+        my(@names, $name);    # what filenames to look for
+        if (m:-l: ){          # convert -lname to appropriate library name
+            s/-l//;
+            push(@names,"lib$_.$dl_so");
+            push(@names,"lib$_.a");
+        }else{                # Umm, a bare name. Try various alternatives:
+            # these should be ordered with the most likely first
+            push(@names,"$_.$dl_so")     unless m/\.$dl_so$/o;
+            push(@names,"lib$_.$dl_so")  unless m:/:;
+            push(@names,"$_.o")          unless m/\.(o|$dl_so)$/o;
+            push(@names,"$_.a")          unless m/\.a$/;
+            push(@names, $_);
+        }
+        foreach $dir (@dirs, @dl_library_path) {
+            next unless -d $dir;
+            foreach $name (@names) {
+		my($file) = "$dir/$name";
+                print STDERR " checking in $dir for $name\n" if $dl_debug;
+		$file = _check_file($file);
+		if ($file){
+                    push(@found, $file);
+                    next arg; # no need to look any further
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($dl_debug) {
+        foreach(@dirs) {
+            print STDERR " dl_findfile ignored non-existent directory: $_\n" unless -d $_;
+        }
+        print STDERR "dl_findfile found: @found\n";
+    }
+    return $found[0] unless wantarray;
+    @found;
+}
+
+
+sub dl_expandspec{
+    my($spec) = @_;
+    # Optional function invoked if DynaLoader.pm sets $do_expand.
+    # Most systems do not require or use this function.
+    # Some systems may implement it in the dl_*.xs file in which case
+    # this autoload version will not be called but is harmless.
+
+    # This function is designed to deal with systems which treat some
+    # 'filenames' in a special way. For example VMS 'Logical Names'
+    # (something like unix environment variables - but different).
+    # This function should recognise such names and expand them into
+    # full file paths.
+    # Must return undef if $spec is invalid or file does not exist.
+
+    my($file)   = $spec; # default output to input
+    my($osname) = $Config{'osname'};
+
+    if ($osname eq 'VMS'){ # dl_expandspec should be defined in dl_vms.xs
+	croak "dl_expandspec: should be defined in XS file!\n";
+    }else{
+	return undef unless -f $file;
+    }
+    print STDERR "dl_expandspec($spec) => $file\n" if $dl_debug;
+    $file;
+}
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/Makefile.SH b/ext/DynaLoader/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b10fefd1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs=""
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+
+DLSRC = $dlsrc
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	static
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+# If we hit here, there's a mistake somewhere.
+dynamic:	static
+	@echo "The DynaLoader extension must be built for static linking"
+	false
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(DLSRC) dlutils.c $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(DLSRC) >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+# Perform very simple tests just to check for major gaffs.
+# We can't do much more for platforms we are not executing on.
+test-xs:
+	for i in dl_*xs; do $(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $$i > /dev/null; done
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLSTATIC)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/README b/ext/DynaLoader/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19dd8e72f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/README
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+Perl 5 DynaLoader
+
+See DynaLoader.doc for detailed specification.
+
+This module is very similar to the other Perl 5 modules except that
+Configure selects which dl_*.xs file to use.
+
+After Configure has been run the Makefile.SH will generate a Makefile
+which will run xsubpp on a specific dl_*.xs file and write the output
+to DynaLoader.c
+
+After that the processing is the same as any other module.
+
+Note that, to be effective, the DynaLoader module must be _statically_
+linked into perl! Configure should arrange this.
+
+This interface is based on the work and comments of (in no particular
+order): Larry Wall, Robert Sanders, Dean Roehrich, Jeff Okamoto, Anno
+Siegel, Thomas Neumann, Paul Marquess, Charles Bailey and others.
+
+The dl_*.xs files should either be named after the dynamic linking
+operating system interface used if that interface is available on more
+than one type of system, e.g.:
+	dlopen  for dlopen()/dlsym() type functions (SunOS, BSD)
+	dld     for the GNU dld library functions (linux, ?)
+or else the osname, e.g., hpux, next, vms etc.
+
+Both are determined by Configure and so only those specific names that
+Configure knows/uses will work.
+
+If porting the DynaLoader to a platform that has a core dynamic linking
+interface similar to an existing generic type, e.g., dlopen or dld,
+please try to port the corresponding dl_*.xs file (using #ifdef's if
+required).
+
+Otherwise, or if that proves too messy, create a new dl_*.xs file named
+after your osname. Configure will give preference to a dl_$osname.xs
+file if one exists.
+
+The file dl_dlopen.xs is a reference implementation by Paul Marquess
+which is a good place to start if porting from scratch. For more complex
+platforms take a look at dl_dld.xs. The dlutils.c file holds some
+common definitions that are #included into the dl_*.xs files.
+
+After the initial implementation of a new DynaLoader dl_*.xs file
+you may need to edit or create ext/MODULE/MODULE.bs files to reflect
+the needs of your platform and linking software.
+
+Refer to DynaLoader.doc, ext/utils/mkbootstrap and any existing
+ext/MODULE/MODULE.bs files for more information.
+
+Tim Bunce.
+August 1994
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_aix.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_aix.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8bace1314
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_aix.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
+/* dl_aix.xs
+ *
+ * Written: 8/31/94 by Wayne Scott (wscott@ichips.intel.com)
+ *
+ *  All I did was take Jens-Uwe Mager's libdl emulation library for
+ *  AIX and merged it with the dl_dlopen.xs file to create a dynamic library
+ *  package that works for AIX.
+ *
+ *  I did change all malloc's, free's, strdup's, calloc's to use the perl
+ *  equilvant.  I also removed some stuff we will not need.  Call fini()
+ *  on statup...   It can probably be trimmed more.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @(#)dlfcn.c	1.5 revision of 93/02/14  20:14:17
+ * This is an unpublished work copyright (c) 1992 Helios Software GmbH
+ * 3000 Hannover 1, Germany
+ */
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/ldr.h>
+#include <a.out.h>
+#include <ldfcn.h>
+
+/*
+ * We simulate dlopen() et al. through a call to load. Because AIX has
+ * no call to find an exported symbol we read the loader section of the
+ * loaded module and build a list of exported symbols and their virtual
+ * address.
+ */
+
+typedef struct {
+	char		*name;		/* the symbols's name */
+	void		*addr;		/* its relocated virtual address */
+} Export, *ExportPtr;
+
+/*
+ * The void * handle returned from dlopen is actually a ModulePtr.
+ */
+typedef struct Module {
+	struct Module	*next;
+	char		*name;		/* module name for refcounting */
+	int		refCnt;		/* the number of references */
+	void		*entry;		/* entry point from load */
+	int		nExports;	/* the number of exports found */
+	ExportPtr	exports;	/* the array of exports */
+} Module, *ModulePtr;
+
+/*
+ * We keep a list of all loaded modules to be able to call the fini
+ * handlers at atexit() time.
+ */
+static ModulePtr modList;
+
+/*
+ * The last error from one of the dl* routines is kept in static
+ * variables here. Each error is returned only once to the caller.
+ */
+static char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
+static int errvalid;
+
+static void caterr(char *);
+static int readExports(ModulePtr);
+static void terminate(void);
+static void *findMain(void);
+
+  
+/* ARGSUSED */
+void *dlopen(char *path, int mode)
+{
+	register ModulePtr mp;
+	static void *mainModule;
+
+	/*
+	 * Upon the first call register a terminate handler that will
+	 * close all libraries. Also get a reference to the main module
+	 * for use with loadbind.
+	 */
+	if (!mainModule) {
+		if ((mainModule = findMain()) == NULL)
+			return NULL;
+		atexit(terminate);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Scan the list of modules if have the module already loaded.
+	 */
+	for (mp = modList; mp; mp = mp->next)
+		if (strcmp(mp->name, path) == 0) {
+			mp->refCnt++;
+			return mp;
+		}
+	Newz(1000,mp,1,Module);
+	if (mp == NULL) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "Newz: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	
+	if ((mp->name = savepv(path)) == NULL) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "savepv: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		safefree(mp);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * load should be declared load(const char *...). Thus we
+	 * cast the path to a normal char *. Ugly.
+	 */
+	if ((mp->entry = (void *)load((char *)path, L_NOAUTODEFER, NULL)) == NULL) {
+		safefree(mp->name);
+		safefree(mp);
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "dlopen: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, path);
+		strcat(errbuf, ": ");
+		/*
+		 * If AIX says the file is not executable, the error
+		 * can be further described by querying the loader about
+		 * the last error.
+		 */
+		if (errno == ENOEXEC) {
+			char *tmp[BUFSIZ/sizeof(char *)];
+			if (loadquery(L_GETMESSAGES, tmp, sizeof(tmp)) == -1)
+				strcpy(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+			else {
+				char **p;
+				for (p = tmp; *p; p++)
+					caterr(*p);
+			}
+		} else
+			strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	mp->refCnt = 1;
+	mp->next = modList;
+	modList = mp;
+	if (loadbind(0, mainModule, mp->entry) == -1) {
+		dlclose(mp);
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "loadbind: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (readExports(mp) == -1) {
+		dlclose(mp);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return mp;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to decipher an AIX loader error message and append it
+ * to our static error message buffer.
+ */
+static void caterr(char *s)
+{
+	register char *p = s;
+
+	while (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9')
+		p++;
+	switch(atoi(s)) {
+	case L_ERROR_TOOMANY:
+		strcat(errbuf, "to many errors");
+		break;
+	case L_ERROR_NOLIB:
+		strcat(errbuf, "can't load library");
+		strcat(errbuf, p);
+		break;
+	case L_ERROR_UNDEF:
+		strcat(errbuf, "can't find symbol");
+		strcat(errbuf, p);
+		break;
+	case L_ERROR_RLDBAD:
+		strcat(errbuf, "bad RLD");
+		strcat(errbuf, p);
+		break;
+	case L_ERROR_FORMAT:
+		strcat(errbuf, "bad exec format in");
+		strcat(errbuf, p);
+		break;
+	case L_ERROR_ERRNO:
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(atoi(++p)));
+		break;
+	default:
+		strcat(errbuf, s);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+void *dlsym(void *handle, const char *symbol)
+{
+	register ModulePtr mp = (ModulePtr)handle;
+	register ExportPtr ep;
+	register int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Could speed up search, but I assume that one assigns
+	 * the result to function pointers anyways.
+	 */
+	for (ep = mp->exports, i = mp->nExports; i; i--, ep++)
+		if (strcmp(ep->name, symbol) == 0)
+			return ep->addr;
+	errvalid++;
+	strcpy(errbuf, "dlsym: undefined symbol ");
+	strcat(errbuf, symbol);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+char *dlerror(void)
+{
+	if (errvalid) {
+		errvalid = 0;
+		return errbuf;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int dlclose(void *handle)
+{
+	register ModulePtr mp = (ModulePtr)handle;
+	int result;
+	register ModulePtr mp1;
+
+	if (--mp->refCnt > 0)
+		return 0;
+	result = unload(mp->entry);
+	if (result == -1) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+	}
+	if (mp->exports) {
+		register ExportPtr ep;
+		register int i;
+		for (ep = mp->exports, i = mp->nExports; i; i--, ep++)
+			if (ep->name)
+				safefree(ep->name);
+		safefree(mp->exports);
+	}
+	if (mp == modList)
+		modList = mp->next;
+	else {
+		for (mp1 = modList; mp1; mp1 = mp1->next)
+			if (mp1->next == mp) {
+				mp1->next = mp->next;
+				break;
+			}
+	}
+	safefree(mp->name);
+	safefree(mp);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void terminate(void)
+{
+	while (modList)
+		dlclose(modList);
+}
+
+/* Added by Wayne Scott 
+ * This is needed because the ldopen system call calls
+ * calloc to allocated a block of date.  The ldclose call calls free.
+ * Without this we get this system calloc and perl's free, resulting
+ * in a "Bad free" message.  This way we always use perl's malloc.
+ */
+void *calloc(size_t ne, size_t sz) 
+{
+  void *out;
+
+  out = (void *) safemalloc(ne*sz);
+  memzero(out, ne*sz);
+  return(out);
+}
+ 
+/*
+ * Build the export table from the XCOFF .loader section.
+ */
+static int readExports(ModulePtr mp)
+{
+	LDFILE *ldp = NULL;
+	SCNHDR sh;
+	LDHDR *lhp;
+	char *ldbuf;
+	LDSYM *ls;
+	int i;
+	ExportPtr ep;
+
+	if ((ldp = ldopen(mp->name, ldp)) == NULL) {
+		struct ld_info *lp;
+		char *buf;
+		int size = 4*1024;
+		if (errno != ENOENT) {
+			errvalid++;
+			strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+			strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+			return -1;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * The module might be loaded due to the LIBPATH
+		 * environment variable. Search for the loaded
+		 * module using L_GETINFO.
+		 */
+		if ((buf = safemalloc(size)) == NULL) {
+			errvalid++;
+			strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+			strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+			return -1;
+		}
+		while ((i = loadquery(L_GETINFO, buf, size)) == -1 && errno == ENOMEM) {
+			safefree(buf);
+			size += 4*1024;
+			if ((buf = safemalloc(size)) == NULL) {
+				errvalid++;
+				strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+				strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		if (i == -1) {
+			errvalid++;
+			strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+			strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+			safefree(buf);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Traverse the list of loaded modules. The entry point
+		 * returned by load() does actually point to the data
+		 * segment origin.
+		 */
+		lp = (struct ld_info *)buf;
+		while (lp) {
+			if (lp->ldinfo_dataorg == mp->entry) {
+				ldp = ldopen(lp->ldinfo_filename, ldp);
+				break;
+			}
+			if (lp->ldinfo_next == 0)
+				lp = NULL;
+			else
+				lp = (struct ld_info *)((char *)lp + lp->ldinfo_next);
+		}
+		safefree(buf);
+		if (!ldp) {
+			errvalid++;
+			strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+			strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (TYPE(ldp) != U802TOCMAGIC) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: bad magic");
+		while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+			;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (ldnshread(ldp, _LOADER, &sh) != SUCCESS) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: cannot read loader section header");
+		while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+			;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * We read the complete loader section in one chunk, this makes
+	 * finding long symbol names residing in the string table easier.
+	 */
+	if ((ldbuf = (char *)safemalloc(sh.s_size)) == NULL) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+			;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (FSEEK(ldp, sh.s_scnptr, BEGINNING) != OKFSEEK) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: cannot seek to loader section");
+		safefree(ldbuf);
+		while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+			;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (FREAD(ldbuf, sh.s_size, 1, ldp) != 1) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: cannot read loader section");
+		safefree(ldbuf);
+		while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+			;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	lhp = (LDHDR *)ldbuf;
+	ls = (LDSYM *)(ldbuf+LDHDRSZ);
+	/*
+	 * Count the number of exports to include in our export table.
+	 */
+	for (i = lhp->l_nsyms; i; i--, ls++) {
+		if (!LDR_EXPORT(*ls))
+			continue;
+		mp->nExports++;
+	}
+	Newz(1001, mp->exports, mp->nExports, Export);
+	if (mp->exports == NULL) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "readExports: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		safefree(ldbuf);
+		while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+			;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Fill in the export table. All entries are relative to
+	 * the entry point we got from load.
+	 */
+	ep = mp->exports;
+	ls = (LDSYM *)(ldbuf+LDHDRSZ);
+	for (i = lhp->l_nsyms; i; i--, ls++) {
+		char *symname;
+		if (!LDR_EXPORT(*ls))
+			continue;
+		if (ls->l_zeroes == 0)
+			symname = ls->l_offset+lhp->l_stoff+ldbuf;
+		else
+			symname = ls->l_name;
+		ep->name = savepv(symname);
+		ep->addr = (void *)((unsigned long)mp->entry + ls->l_value);
+		ep++;
+	}
+	safefree(ldbuf);
+	while(ldclose(ldp) == FAILURE)
+		;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the main modules entry point. This is used as export pointer
+ * for loadbind() to be able to resolve references to the main part.
+ */
+static void * findMain(void)
+{
+	struct ld_info *lp;
+	char *buf;
+	int size = 4*1024;
+	int i;
+	void *ret;
+
+	if ((buf = safemalloc(size)) == NULL) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "findMain: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	while ((i = loadquery(L_GETINFO, buf, size)) == -1 && errno == ENOMEM) {
+		safefree(buf);
+		size += 4*1024;
+		if ((buf = safemalloc(size)) == NULL) {
+			errvalid++;
+			strcpy(errbuf, "findMain: ");
+			strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	if (i == -1) {
+		errvalid++;
+		strcpy(errbuf, "findMain: ");
+		strcat(errbuf, strerror(errno));
+		safefree(buf);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * The first entry is the main module. The entry point
+	 * returned by load() does actually point to the data
+	 * segment origin.
+	 */
+	lp = (struct ld_info *)buf;
+	ret = lp->ldinfo_dataorg;
+	safefree(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* dl_dlopen.xs
+ * 
+ * Platform:	SunOS/Solaris, possibly others which use dlopen.
+ * Author:	Paul Marquess (pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk)
+ * Created:	10th July 1994
+ *
+ * Modified:
+ * 15th July 1994   - Added code to explicitly save any error messages.
+ * 3rd August 1994  - Upgraded to v3 spec.
+ * 9th August 1994  - Changed to use IV
+ * 10th August 1994 - Tim Bunce: Added RTLD_LAZY, switchable debugging,
+ *                    basic FreeBSD support, removed ClearError
+ *
+ */
+
+/* Porting notes:
+
+	see dl_dlopen.xs
+
+*/
+
+#include "dlutils.c"	/* SaveError() etc	*/
+
+
+static void
+dl_private_init()
+{
+    (void)dl_generic_private_init();
+}
+ 
+MODULE = DynaLoader     PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+BOOT:
+    (void)dl_private_init();
+
+
+void *
+dl_load_file(filename)
+	char *		filename
+	CODE:
+	DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_load_file(%s):\n", filename));
+	RETVAL = dlopen(filename, 1) ;
+	DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr," libref=%x\n", RETVAL));
+	ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+	if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	    SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+	else
+	    sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void *
+dl_find_symbol(libhandle, symbolname)
+	void *		libhandle
+	char *		symbolname
+	CODE:
+	DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_find_symbol(handle=%x, symbol=%s)\n",
+		libhandle, symbolname));
+	RETVAL = dlsym(libhandle, symbolname);
+	DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"  symbolref = %x\n", RETVAL));
+	ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+	if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	    SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+	else
+	    sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void
+dl_undef_symbols()
+	PPCODE:
+
+
+
+# These functions should not need changing on any platform:
+
+void
+dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
+    char *	perl_name
+    void *	symref 
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
+	perl_name, symref));
+    ST(0)=sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name, (void(*)())symref, filename)));
+
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = LastError ;
+    OUTPUT:
+    RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_dld.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_dld.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31f625a26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_dld.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+ *    Written 3/1/94, Robert Sanders <Robert.Sanders@linux.org>
+ *
+ * based upon the file "dl.c", which is
+ *    Copyright (c) 1994, Larry Wall
+ *
+ *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
+ *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
+ *
+ * $Date: 1994/03/07 00:21:43 $
+ * $Source: /home/rsanders/src/perl5alpha6/RCS/dld_dl.c,v $
+ * $Revision: 1.4 $
+ * $State: Exp $
+ *
+ * $Log: dld_dl.c,v $
+ * Removed implicit link against libc.  1994/09/14 William Setzer.
+ *
+ * Integrated other DynaLoader changes. 1994/06/08 Tim Bunce.
+ *
+ * rewrote dl_load_file, misc updates.  1994/09/03 William Setzer.
+ *
+ * Revision 1.4  1994/03/07  00:21:43  rsanders
+ * added min symbol count for load_libs and switched order so system libs
+ * are loaded after app-specified libs.
+ *
+ * Revision 1.3  1994/03/05  01:17:26  rsanders
+ * added path searching.
+ *
+ * Revision 1.2  1994/03/05  00:52:39  rsanders
+ * added package-specified libraries.
+ *
+ * Revision 1.1  1994/03/05  00:33:40  rsanders
+ * Initial revision
+ *
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include <dld.h>	/* GNU DLD header file */
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "dlutils.c"	/* for SaveError() etc */
+
+static void
+dl_private_init()
+{
+    int dlderr;
+    dl_generic_private_init();
+#ifdef __linux__
+    dlderr = dld_init("/proc/self/exe");
+    if (dlderr) {
+#endif
+        dlderr = dld_init(dld_find_executable(origargv[0]));
+        if (dlderr) {
+            char *msg = dld_strerror(dlderr);
+            SaveError("dld_init(%s) failed: %s", origargv[0], msg);
+            DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"%s", LastError));
+        }
+#ifdef __linux__
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+
+MODULE = DynaLoader     PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+BOOT:
+    (void)dl_private_init();
+
+
+char *
+dl_load_file(filename)
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    int dlderr,x,max;
+    GV *gv;
+    AV *av;
+    RETVAL = filename;
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_load_file(%s)\n", filename));
+    gv = gv_fetchpv("DynaLoader::dl_require_symbols", FALSE, SVt_PVAV);
+    if (gv) {
+	av  = GvAV(gv);
+	max = AvFILL(av);
+	for (x = 0; x <= max; x++) {
+	    char *sym = SvPVX(*av_fetch(av, x, 0));
+	    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr, "dld_create_ref(%s)\n", sym));
+	    if (dlderr = dld_create_reference(sym)) {
+		SaveError("dld_create_reference(%s): %s", sym,
+			  dld_strerror(dlderr));
+		goto haverror;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr, "dld_link(%s)\n", filename));
+    if (dlderr = dld_link(filename)) {
+	SaveError("dld_link(%s): %s", filename, dld_strerror(dlderr));
+	goto haverror;
+    }
+    gv = gv_fetchpv("DynaLoader::dl_resolve_using", FALSE, SVt_PVAV);
+    if (gv) {
+	av  = GvAV(gv);
+	max = AvFILL(av);
+	for (x = 0; x <= max; x++) {
+	    char *sym = SvPVX(*av_fetch(av, x, 0));
+	    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr, "dld_link(%s)\n", sym));
+	    if (dlderr = dld_link(sym)) {
+		SaveError("dld_link(%s): %s", sym, dld_strerror(dlderr));
+		goto haverror;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"libref=%s\n", RETVAL));
+haverror:
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (dlderr == 0)
+	sv_setiv(ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void *
+dl_find_symbol(libhandle, symbolname)
+    void *	libhandle
+    char *	symbolname
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_find_symbol(handle=%x, symbol=%s)\n",
+	    libhandle, symbolname));
+    RETVAL = (void *)dld_get_func(symbolname);
+    /* if RETVAL==NULL we should try looking for a non-function symbol */
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"  symbolref = %x\n", RETVAL));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	SaveError("dl_find_symbol: Unable to find '%s' symbol", symbolname) ;
+    else
+	sv_setiv(ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void
+dl_undef_symbols()
+    PPCODE:
+    if (dld_undefined_sym_count) {
+	int x;
+	char **undef_syms = dld_list_undefined_sym();
+	EXTEND(sp, dld_undefined_sym_count);
+	for (x=0; x < dld_undefined_sym_count; x++)
+	    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(undef_syms[x]+1, 0)));
+	free(undef_syms);
+    }
+
+
+
+# These functions should not need changing on any platform:
+
+void
+dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
+    char *	perl_name
+    void *	symref 
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
+	    perl_name, symref));
+    ST(0)=sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name, (void(*)())symref, filename)));
+
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = LastError ;
+    OUTPUT:
+    RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_dlopen.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_dlopen.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ffd3dbc422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_dlopen.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/* dl_dlopen.xs
+ * 
+ * Platform:	SunOS/Solaris, possibly others which use dlopen.
+ * Author:	Paul Marquess (pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk)
+ * Created:	10th July 1994
+ *
+ * Modified:
+ * 15th July 1994   - Added code to explicitly save any error messages.
+ * 3rd August 1994  - Upgraded to v3 spec.
+ * 9th August 1994  - Changed to use IV
+ * 10th August 1994 - Tim Bunce: Added RTLD_LAZY, switchable debugging,
+ *                    basic FreeBSD support, removed ClearError
+ *
+ */
+
+/* Porting notes:
+
+
+   Definition of Sunos dynamic Linking functions
+   =============================================
+   In order to make this implementation easier to understand here is a
+   quick definition of the SunOS Dynamic Linking functions which are
+   used here.
+
+   dlopen
+   ------
+     void *
+     dlopen(path, mode)
+     char * path; 
+     int    mode;
+
+     This function takes the name of a dynamic object file and returns
+     a descriptor which can be used by dlsym later. It returns NULL on
+     error.
+
+     The mode parameter must be set to 1 for Solaris 1 and to
+     RTLD_LAZY on Solaris 2.
+
+
+   dlsym
+   ------
+     void *
+     dlsym(handle, symbol)
+     void * handle; 
+     char * symbol;
+
+     Takes the handle returned from dlopen and the name of a symbol to
+     get the address of. If the symbol was found a pointer is
+     returned.  It returns NULL on error. If DL_PREPEND_UNDERSCORE is
+     defined an underscore will be added to the start of symbol. This
+     is required on some platforms (freebsd).
+
+   dlerror
+   ------
+     char * dlerror()
+
+     Returns a null-terminated string which describes the last error
+     that occurred with either dlopen or dlsym. After each call to
+     dlerror the error message will be reset to a null pointer. The
+     SaveError function is used to save the error as soo as it happens.
+
+
+   Return Types
+   ============
+   In this implementation the two functions, dl_load_file &
+   dl_find_symbol, return void *. This is because the underlying SunOS
+   dynamic linker calls also return void *.  This is not necessarily
+   the case for all architectures. For example, some implementation
+   will want to return a char * for dl_load_file.
+
+   If void * is not appropriate for your architecture, you will have to
+   change the void * to whatever you require. If you are not certain of
+   how Perl handles C data types, I suggest you start by consulting	
+   Dean Roerich's Perl 5 API document. Also, have a look in the typemap 
+   file (in the ext directory) for a fairly comprehensive list of types 
+   that are already supported. If you are completely stuck, I suggest you
+   post a message to perl5-porters, comp.lang.perl or if you are really 
+   desperate to me.
+
+   Remember when you are making any changes that the return value from 
+   dl_load_file is used as a parameter in the dl_find_symbol 
+   function. Also the return value from find_symbol is used as a parameter 
+   to install_xsub.
+
+
+   Dealing with Error Messages
+   ============================
+   In order to make the handling of dynamic linking errors as generic as
+   possible you should store any error messages associated with your
+   implementation with the StoreError function.
+
+   In the case of SunOS the function dlerror returns the error message 
+   associated with the last dynamic link error. As the SunOS dynamic 
+   linker functions dlopen & dlsym both return NULL on error every call 
+   to a SunOS dynamic link routine is coded like this
+
+	RETVAL = dlopen(filename, 1) ;
+	if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	    SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+
+   Note that SaveError() takes a printf format string. Use a "%s" as
+   the first parameter if the error may contain and % characters.
+
+*/
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#ifdef I_DLFCN
+#include <dlfcn.h>	/* the dynamic linker include file for Sunos/Solaris */
+#else
+#include <nlist.h>
+#include <link.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAS_DLERROR
+#define dlerror() "Unknown error - dlerror() not implemented"
+#endif
+
+
+#include "dlutils.c"	/* SaveError() etc	*/
+
+
+static void
+dl_private_init()
+{
+    (void)dl_generic_private_init();
+}
+
+MODULE = DynaLoader	PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+BOOT:
+    (void)dl_private_init();
+
+
+void *
+dl_load_file(filename)
+    char *		filename
+    CODE:
+    int mode = 1;     /* Solaris 1 */
+#ifdef RTLD_LAZY
+    mode = RTLD_LAZY; /* Solaris 2 */
+#endif
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_load_file(%s):\n", filename));
+    RETVAL = dlopen(filename, mode) ;
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr," libref=%x\n", RETVAL));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+    else
+	sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void *
+dl_find_symbol(libhandle, symbolname)
+    void *	libhandle
+    char *	symbolname
+    CODE:
+#ifdef DLSYM_NEEDS_UNDERSCORE
+    char symbolname_buf[1024];
+    symbolname = dl_add_underscore(symbolname, symbolname_buf);
+#endif
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_find_symbol(handle=%x, symbol=%s)\n",
+	libhandle, symbolname));
+    RETVAL = dlsym(libhandle, symbolname);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"  symbolref = %x\n", RETVAL));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+    else
+	sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void
+dl_undef_symbols()
+    PPCODE:
+
+
+
+# These functions should not need changing on any platform:
+
+void
+dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
+    char *		perl_name
+    void *		symref 
+    char *		filename
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
+		perl_name, symref));
+    ST(0)=sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name, (void(*)())symref, filename)));
+
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = LastError ;
+    OUTPUT:
+    RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_hpux.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_hpux.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0558e40eaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_hpux.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Author: Jeff Okamoto (okamoto@corp.hp.com)
+ */
+
+#ifdef __hp9000s300
+#define magic hpux_magic
+#define MAGIC HPUX_MAGIC
+#endif
+
+#include <dl.h>
+#ifdef __hp9000s300
+#undef magic
+#undef MAGIC
+#endif
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+
+#include "dlutils.c"	/* for SaveError() etc */
+
+
+static void
+dl_private_init()
+{
+    (void)dl_generic_private_init();
+}
+
+MODULE = DynaLoader     PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+BOOT:
+    (void)dl_private_init();
+
+
+void *
+dl_load_file(filename)
+    char *		filename
+    CODE:
+    shl_t obj = NULL;
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_load_file(%s): ", filename));
+    obj = shl_load(filename,
+	BIND_IMMEDIATE | BIND_NONFATAL | BIND_NOSTART | BIND_VERBOSE, 0L);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr," libref=%x\n", obj));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (obj == NULL)
+        SaveError("%s",Strerror(errno)) ;
+    else
+        sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)obj);
+
+
+void *
+dl_find_symbol(libhandle, symbolname)
+    void *	libhandle
+    char *	symbolname
+    CODE:
+    shl_t obj = (shl_t) libhandle;
+    void *symaddr = NULL;
+    int status;
+#ifdef __hp9000s300
+    char symbolname_buf[MAXPATHLEN];
+    symbolname = dl_add_underscore(symbolname, symbolname_buf);
+#endif
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_find_symbol(handle=%x, symbol=%s)\n",
+		libhandle, symbolname));
+    status = shl_findsym(&obj, symbolname, TYPE_PROCEDURE, &symaddr);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"  symbolref = %x\n", symaddr));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (status == -1)
+	SaveError("%s",(errno) ? Strerror(errno) : "Symbol not found") ;
+    else
+	sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)symaddr);
+
+
+int
+dl_undef_symbols()
+    PPCODE:
+
+
+
+# These functions should not need changing on any platform:
+
+void
+dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
+    char *	perl_name
+    void *	symref 
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
+	    perl_name, symref));
+    ST(0)=sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name, (void(*)())symref, filename)));
+
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = LastError ;
+    OUTPUT:
+    RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_next.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_next.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bc5cd81c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_next.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/* dl_next.xs
+ * 
+ * Platform:	NeXT NS 3.2
+ * Author:	Anno Siegel (siegel@zrz.TU-Berlin.DE)
+ * Based on:	dl_dlopen.xs by Paul Marquess
+ * Created:	Aug 15th, 1994
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+    And Gandalf said: 'Many folk like to know beforehand what is to
+    be set on the table; but those who have laboured to prepare the
+    feast like to keep their secret; for wonder makes the words of
+    praise louder.'
+*/
+
+/* Porting notes:
+
+dl_next.xs is itself a port from dl_dlopen.xs by Paul Marquess.  It
+should not be used as a base for further ports though it may be used
+as an example for how dl_dlopen.xs can be ported to other platforms.
+
+The method used here is just to supply the sun style dlopen etc.
+functions in terms of NeXTs rld_*.  The xs code proper is unchanged
+from Paul's original.
+
+The port could use some streamlining.  For one, error handling could
+be simplified.
+
+Anno Siegel
+
+*/
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include "dlutils.c"	/* SaveError() etc	*/
+
+
+#include <mach-o/rld.h>
+#include <streams/streams.h>
+
+static char * dl_last_error = (char *) 0;
+
+NXStream *
+OpenError()
+{
+    return NXOpenMemory( (char *) 0, 0, NX_WRITEONLY);
+}
+
+void
+TransferError( s)
+NXStream *s;
+{
+    char *buffer;
+    int len, maxlen;
+
+    if ( dl_last_error ) {
+        safefree(dl_last_error);
+    }
+    NXGetMemoryBuffer(s, &buffer, &len, &maxlen);
+    dl_last_error = safemalloc(len);
+    strcpy(dl_last_error, buffer);
+}
+
+void
+CloseError( s)
+NXStream *s;
+{
+    if ( s ) {
+      NXCloseMemory( s, NX_FREEBUFFER);
+    }
+}
+
+char *dlerror()
+{
+    return dl_last_error;
+}
+
+char *
+dlopen(path, mode)
+char * path;
+int mode; /* mode is ignored */
+{
+    int rld_success;
+    NXStream *nxerr = OpenError();
+    AV * av_resolve;
+    I32 i, psize;
+    char *result;
+    char **p;
+
+    av_resolve = GvAVn(gv_fetchpv(
+	"DynaLoader::dl_resolve_using", FALSE, SVt_PVAV));
+    psize = AvFILL(av_resolve) + 3;
+    p = (char **) safemalloc(psize * sizeof(char*));
+    p[0] = path;
+    for(i=1; i<psize-1; i++) {
+	p[i] = SvPVx(*av_fetch(av_resolve, i-1, TRUE), na);
+    }
+    p[psize-1] = 0;
+    rld_success = rld_load(nxerr, (struct mach_header **)0, p,
+			    (const char *) 0);
+    safefree((char*) p);
+    if (rld_success) {
+	result = path;
+    } else {
+	TransferError(nxerr);
+	result = (char*) 0;
+    }
+    CloseError(nxerr);
+    return result;
+}
+
+int
+dlclose(handle) /* stub only */
+void *handle;
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void *
+dlsym(handle, symbol)
+void *handle;
+char *symbol;
+{
+    NXStream	*nxerr = OpenError();
+    char	symbuf[1024];
+    unsigned long	symref = 0;
+
+    sprintf(symbuf, "_%s", symbol);
+    if (!rld_lookup(nxerr, symbuf, &symref)) {
+	TransferError(nxerr);
+    }
+    CloseError(nxerr);
+    return (void*) symref;
+}
+
+
+/* ----- code from dl_dlopen.xs below here ----- */
+
+
+static void
+dl_private_init()
+{
+    (void)dl_generic_private_init();
+}
+ 
+MODULE = DynaLoader     PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+BOOT:
+    (void)dl_private_init();
+
+
+
+void *
+dl_load_file(filename)
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    int mode = 1;
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_load_file(%s):\n", filename));
+    RETVAL = dlopen(filename, mode) ;
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr," libref=%x\n", RETVAL));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+    else
+	sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void *
+dl_find_symbol(libhandle, symbolname)
+    void *		libhandle
+    char *		symbolname
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_find_symbol(handle=%x, symbol=%s)\n",
+	    libhandle, symbolname));
+    RETVAL = dlsym(libhandle, symbolname);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"  symbolref = %x\n", RETVAL));
+    ST(0) = sv_newmortal() ;
+    if (RETVAL == NULL)
+	SaveError("%s",dlerror()) ;
+    else
+	sv_setiv( ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+
+
+void
+dl_undef_symbols()
+    PPCODE:
+
+
+
+# These functions should not need changing on any platform:
+
+void
+dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
+    char *	perl_name
+    void *	symref 
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
+	    perl_name, symref));
+    ST(0)=sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name, (void(*)())symref, filename)));
+
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = LastError ;
+    OUTPUT:
+    RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_none.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_none.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a193e4346
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_none.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/* dl_none.xs
+ * 
+ * Stubs for platforms that do not support dynamic linking
+ */
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+MODULE = DynaLoader	PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = "Not implemented";
+    OUTPUT:
+    RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dl_vms.xs b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_vms.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8486ae260c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dl_vms.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+/* dl_vms.xs
+ * 
+ * Platform:  OpenVMS, VAX or AXP
+ * Author:    Charles Bailey  bailey@genetics.upenn.edu
+ * Revised:   4-Sep-1994
+ *
+ *                           Implementation Note
+ *     This section is added as an aid to users and DynaLoader developers, in
+ * order to clarify the process of dynamic linking under VMS.
+ *     dl_vms.xs uses the supported VMS dynamic linking call, which allows
+ * a running program to map an arbitrary file of executable code and call
+ * routines within that file.  This is done via the VMS RTL routine
+ * lib$find_image_symbol, whose calling sequence is as follows:
+ *   status = lib$find_image_symbol(imgname,symname,symval,defspec);
+ *   where
+ *     status  = a standard VMS status value (unsigned long int)
+ *     imgname = a fixed-length string descriptor, passed by
+ *               reference, containing the NAME ONLY of the image
+ *               file to be mapped.  An attempt will be made to
+ *               translate this string as a logical name, so it may
+ *               not contain any characters which are not allowed in
+ *               logical names.  If no translation is found, imgname
+ *               is used directly as the name of the image file.
+ *     symname = a fixed-length string descriptor, passed by
+ *               reference, containing the name of the routine
+ *               to be located.
+ *     symval  = an unsigned long int, passed by reference, into
+ *               which is written the entry point address of the
+ *               routine whose name is specified in symname.
+ *     defspec = a fixed-length string descriptor, passed by
+ *               reference, containing a default file specification
+ *               whichis used to fill in any missing parts of the
+ *               image file specification after the imgname argument
+ *               is processed.
+ * In order to accommodate the handling of the imgname argument, the routine
+ * dl_expandspec() is provided for use by perl code (e.g. dl_findfile)
+ * which wants to see what image file lib$find_image_symbol would use if
+ * it were passed a given file specification.  The file specification passed
+ * to dl_expandspec() and dl_load_file() can be partial or complete, and can
+ * use VMS or Unix syntax; these routines perform the necessary conversions.
+ *    In general, writers of perl extensions need only conform to the
+ * procedures set out in the DynaLoader documentation, and let the details
+ * be taken care of by the routines here and in DynaLoader.pm.  If anyone
+ * comes across any incompatibilities, please let me know.  Thanks.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include "dlutils.c"    /* dl_debug, LastError; SaveError not used  */
+/* N.B.:
+ * dl_debug and LastError are static vars; you'll need to deal
+ * with them appropriately if you need context independence
+ */
+
+#include <descrip.h>
+#include <fscndef.h>
+#include <lib$routines.h>
+#include <rms.h>
+#include <ssdef.h>
+
+typedef unsigned long int vmssts;
+
+struct libref {
+  struct dsc$descriptor_s name;
+  struct dsc$descriptor_s defspec;
+};
+
+/* Static data for dl_expand_filespec() - This is static to save
+ * initialization on each call; if you need context-independence,
+ * just make these auto variables in dl_expandspec() and dl_load_file()
+ */
+static char dlesa[NAM$C_MAXRSS], dlrsa[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
+static struct FAB dlfab;
+static struct NAM dlnam;
+
+/* $PutMsg action routine - records error message in LastError */
+static vmssts
+copy_errmsg(msg,unused)
+    struct dsc$descriptor_s *   msg;
+    vmssts  unused;
+{
+    if (*(msg->dsc$a_pointer) = '%') { /* first line */
+      if (LastError)
+        strncpy((LastError = saferealloc(LastError,msg->dsc$w_length)),
+                 msg->dsc$a_pointer, msg->dsc$w_length);
+      else
+        strncpy((LastError = safemalloc(msg->dsc$w_length)),
+                 msg->dsc$a_pointer, msg->dsc$w_length);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    else { /* continuation line */
+      int errlen = strlen(LastError);
+      LastError = saferealloc(LastError, errlen + msg->dsc$w_length + 1);
+      LastError[errlen] = '\n';  LastError[errlen+1] = '\0';
+      strncat(LastError, msg->dsc$a_pointer, msg->dsc$w_length);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Use $PutMsg to retrieve error message for failure status code */
+static void
+dl_set_error(sts,stv)
+    vmssts  sts;
+    vmssts  stv;
+{
+    vmssts vec[3],pmsts;
+
+    vec[0] = stv ? 2 : 1;
+    vec[1] = sts;  vec[2] = stv;
+    if (!(pmsts = sys$putmsg(vec,copy_errmsg,0,0)) & 1)
+      croak("Fatal $PUTMSG error: %d",pmsts);
+}
+
+static void
+dl_private_init()
+{
+    dl_generic_private_init();
+    /* Set up the static control blocks for dl_expand_filespec() */
+    dlfab = cc$rms_fab;
+    dlnam = cc$rms_nam;
+    dlfab.fab$l_nam = &dlnam;
+    dlnam.nam$l_esa = dlesa;
+    dlnam.nam$b_ess = sizeof dlesa;
+    dlnam.nam$l_rsa = dlrsa;
+    dlnam.nam$b_rss = sizeof dlrsa;
+}
+MODULE = DynaLoader PACKAGE = DynaLoader
+
+BOOT:
+    (void)dl_private_init();
+
+SV *
+dl_expandspec(filespec)
+    char *	filespec
+    CODE:
+    char vmsspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS], defspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
+    size_t deflen;
+    vmssts sts;
+
+    tovmsspec(filespec,vmsspec);
+    dlfab.fab$l_fna = vmsspec;
+    dlfab.fab$b_fns = strlen(vmsspec);
+    dlfab.fab$l_dna = 0;
+    dlfab.fab$b_dns = 0;
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_expand_filespec(%s):\n",vmsspec));
+    /* On the first pass, just parse the specification string */
+    dlnam.nam$b_nop = NAM$M_SYNCHK;
+    sts = sys$parse(&dlfab);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tSYNCHK sys$parse = %d\n",sts));
+    if (!(sts & 1)) {
+      dl_set_error(dlfab.fab$l_sts,dlfab.fab$l_stv);
+      ST(0) = &sv_undef;
+    }
+    else {
+      /* Now set up a default spec - everything but the name */
+      deflen = dlnam.nam$l_type - dlesa;
+      memcpy(defspec,dlesa,deflen);
+      memcpy(defspec+deflen,dlnam.nam$l_type,
+             dlnam.nam$b_type + dlnam.nam$b_ver);
+      deflen += dlnam.nam$b_type + dlnam.nam$b_ver;
+      memcpy(vmsspec,dlnam.nam$l_name,dlnam.nam$b_name);
+      DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tsplit filespec: name = %.*s, default = %.*s\n",
+                        dlnam.nam$b_name,vmsspec,defspec,deflen));
+      /* . . . and go back to expand it */
+      dlnam.nam$b_nop = 0;
+      dlfab.fab$l_dna = defspec;
+      dlfab.fab$b_dns = deflen;
+      dlfab.fab$b_fns = dlnam.nam$b_name;
+      sts = sys$parse(&dlfab);
+      DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tname/default sys$parse = %d\n",sts));
+      if (!(sts & 1)) {
+        dl_set_error(dlfab.fab$l_sts,dlfab.fab$l_stv);
+        ST(0) = &sv_undef;
+      }
+      else {
+        /* Now find the actual file */
+        sts = sys$search(&dlfab);
+        DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tsys$search = %d\n",sts));
+        if (!(sts & 1) && sts != RMS$_FNF) {
+          dl_set_error(dlfab.fab$l_sts,dlfab.fab$l_stv);
+          ST(0) = &sv_undef;
+        }
+        else {
+          ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSVpv(dlnam.nam$l_rsa,dlnam.nam$b_rsl));
+          DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"\tresult = \\%.*s\\\n",
+                            dlnam.nam$b_rsl,dlnam.nam$l_rsa));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+void *
+dl_load_file(filespec)
+    char *	filespec
+    CODE:
+    char vmsspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
+    AV *reqAV;
+    SV *reqSV, **reqSVhndl;
+    STRLEN deflen;
+    struct dsc$descriptor_s
+      specdsc = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, 0},
+      symdsc  = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, 0};
+    struct fscnlst {
+      unsigned short int len;
+      unsigned short int code;
+      char *string;
+    }  namlst[2] = {0,FSCN$_NAME,0, 0,0,0};
+    struct libref *dlptr;
+    vmssts sts, failed = 0;
+    void *entry;
+
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_load_file(%s):\n",filespec));
+    specdsc.dsc$a_pointer = tovmsspec(filespec,vmsspec);
+    specdsc.dsc$w_length = strlen(specdsc.dsc$a_pointer);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tVMS-ified filespec is %s\n",
+                      specdsc.dsc$a_pointer));
+    dlptr = safemalloc(sizeof(struct libref));
+    dlptr->name.dsc$b_dtype = dlptr->defspec.dsc$b_dtype = DSC$K_DTYPE_T;
+    dlptr->name.dsc$b_class = dlptr->defspec.dsc$b_class = DSC$K_CLASS_S;
+    sts = sys$filescan(&specdsc,namlst,0);
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tsys$filescan: returns %d, name is %.*s\n",
+                      sts,namlst[0].len,namlst[0].string));
+    if (!(sts & 1)) {
+      failed = 1;
+      dl_set_error(sts,0);
+    }
+    else {
+      dlptr->name.dsc$w_length = namlst[0].len;
+      dlptr->name.dsc$a_pointer = savepvn(namlst[0].string,namlst[0].len);
+      dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length = specdsc.dsc$w_length - namlst[0].len;
+      dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer = safemalloc(dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length + 1);
+      deflen = namlst[0].string - specdsc.dsc$a_pointer; 
+      memcpy(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer,specdsc.dsc$a_pointer,deflen);
+      memcpy(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer + deflen,
+             namlst[0].string + namlst[0].len,
+             dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length - deflen);
+      DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tlibref = name: %s, defspec: %.*s\n",
+                        dlptr->name.dsc$a_pointer,
+                        dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length,
+                        dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer));
+      if (!(reqAV = GvAV(gv_fetchpv("DynaLoader::dl_require_symbols",
+                                     FALSE,SVt_PVAV)))
+          || !(reqSVhndl = av_fetch(reqAV,0,FALSE)) || !(reqSV = *reqSVhndl)) {
+        DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\t@dl_require_symbols empty, returning untested libref\n"));
+      }
+      else {
+        symdsc.dsc$w_length = SvCUR(reqSV);
+        symdsc.dsc$a_pointer = SvPVX(reqSV);
+        DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\t$dl_require_symbols[0] = %.*s\n",
+                          symdsc.dsc$w_length, symdsc.dsc$a_pointer));
+        sts = lib$find_image_symbol(&(dlptr->name),&symdsc,
+                                    &entry,&(dlptr->defspec));
+        DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tlib$find_image_symbol returns %d\n",sts));
+        if (!(sts&1)) {
+          failed = 1;
+          dl_set_error(sts,0);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (failed) {
+      Safefree(dlptr->name.dsc$a_pointer);
+      Safefree(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer);
+      Safefree(dlptr);
+      ST(0) = &sv_undef;
+    }
+    else {
+      ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSViv(dlptr));
+    }
+
+
+void *
+dl_find_symbol(librefptr,symname)
+    void *	librefptr
+    SV *	symname
+    CODE:
+    struct libref thislib = *((struct libref *)librefptr);
+    struct dsc$descriptor_s
+      symdsc = {SvCUR(symname),DSC$K_DTYPE_T,DSC$K_CLASS_S,SvPVX(symname)};
+    void (*entry)();
+    vmssts sts;
+
+    DLDEBUG(1,fprintf(stderr,"dl_find_dymbol(%.*s,%.*s):\n",
+                      thislib.name.dsc$w_length, thislib.name.dsc$a_pointer,
+                      symdsc.dsc$w_length,symdsc.dsc$a_pointer));
+    sts = lib$find_image_symbol(&(thislib.name),&symdsc,
+                                &entry,&(thislib.defspec));
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tlib$find_image_symbol returns %d\n",sts));
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"\tentry point is %d\n",
+                      (unsigned long int) entry));
+    if (!(sts & 1)) {
+      dl_set_error(sts,0);
+      ST(0) = &sv_undef;
+    }
+    else ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSViv(entry));
+
+
+void
+dl_undef_symbols()
+    PPCODE:
+
+
+# These functions should not need changing on any platform:
+
+void
+dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
+    char *	perl_name
+    void *	symref 
+    char *	filename
+    CODE:
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
+        perl_name, symref));
+    ST(0)=sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name, (void(*)())symref, filename)));
+
+
+char *
+dl_error()
+    CODE:
+    RETVAL = LastError ;
+    OUTPUT:
+      RETVAL
+
+# end.
diff --git a/ext/DynaLoader/dlutils.c b/ext/DynaLoader/dlutils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ce082182c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/DynaLoader/dlutils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/* dlutils.c - handy functions and definitions for dl_*.xs files
+ *
+ * Currently this file is simply #included into dl_*.xs/.c files.
+ * It should really be split into a dlutils.h and dlutils.c
+ *
+ */
+
+
+/* pointer to allocated memory for last error message */
+static char *LastError  = (char*)NULL;
+
+
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+/* currently not connected to $DynaLoader::dl_error but should be */
+static int dl_debug = 0;
+#define DLDEBUG(level,code)	if(dl_debug>=level){ code; }
+#else
+#define DLDEBUG(level,code)
+#endif
+
+
+static void
+dl_generic_private_init()	/* called by dl_*.xs dl_private_init() */
+{
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    char *perl_dl_debug = getenv("PERL_DL_DEBUG");
+    if (perl_dl_debug)
+	dl_debug = atoi(perl_dl_debug);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+/* SaveError() takes printf style args and saves the result in LastError */
+#ifdef STANDARD_C
+static void
+SaveError(char* pat, ...)
+#else
+/*VARARGS0*/
+static void
+SaveError(pat, va_alist)
+    char *pat;
+    va_dcl
+#endif
+{
+    va_list args;
+    char *message;
+    int len;
+
+    /* This code is based on croak/warn but I'm not sure where mess() */
+    /* gets its buffer space from! */
+
+#ifdef I_STDARG
+    va_start(args, pat);
+#else
+    va_start(args);
+#endif
+    message = mess(pat, &args);
+    va_end(args);
+
+    len = strlen(message) + 1 ;	/* include terminating null char */
+
+    /* Allocate some memory for the error message */
+    if (LastError)
+        LastError = (char*)saferealloc(LastError, len) ;
+    else
+        LastError = safemalloc(len) ;
+
+    /* Copy message into LastError (including terminating null char)	*/
+    strncpy(LastError, message, len) ;
+    DLDEBUG(2,fprintf(stderr,"DynaLoader: stored error msg '%s'\n",LastError));
+}
+
+
+/* prepend underscore to s. write into buf. return buf. */
+char *
+dl_add_underscore(s, buf)
+char *s;
+char *buf;
+{
+    *buf = '_';
+    (void)strcpy(buf + 1, s);
+    return buf;
+}
+
diff --git a/ext/Fcntl/Fcntl.pm b/ext/Fcntl/Fcntl.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4fd2ff550
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Fcntl/Fcntl.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package Fcntl;
+
+require Exporter;
+require AutoLoader;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = (Exporter, AutoLoader, DynaLoader);
+# Items to export into callers namespace by default
+# (move infrequently used names to @EXPORT_OK below)
+@EXPORT =
+  qw(
+     F_DUPFD F_GETFD F_GETLK F_SETFD F_GETFL F_SETFL F_SETLK F_SETLKW
+     FD_CLOEXEC F_RDLCK F_UNLCK F_WRLCK
+     O_CREAT O_EXCL O_NOCTTY O_TRUNC
+     O_APPEND O_NONBLOCK
+     O_NDELAY
+     O_RDONLY O_RDWR O_WRONLY
+     );
+# Other items we are prepared to export if requested
+@EXPORT_OK = qw(
+);
+
+sub AUTOLOAD {
+    if (@_ > 1) {
+	$AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+    }
+    local($constname);
+    ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
+    $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0);
+    if ($! != 0) {
+	if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
+	    $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	    goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+	}
+	else {
+	    ($pack,$file,$line) = caller;
+	    die "Your vendor has not defined Fcntl macro $constname, used at $file line $line.
+";
+	}
+    }
+    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
+    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
+}
+
+bootstrap Fcntl;
+
+# Preloaded methods go here.  Autoload methods go after __END__, and are
+# processed by the autosplit program.
+package Fcntl; # return to package Fcntl so AutoSplit is happy
+1;
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/Fcntl/Fcntl.xs b/ext/Fcntl/Fcntl.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a360951f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Fcntl/Fcntl.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+static int
+not_here(s)
+char *s;
+{
+    croak("%s not implemented on this architecture", s);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static double
+constant(name, arg)
+char *name;
+int arg;
+{
+    errno = 0;
+    switch (*name) {
+    case 'F':
+	if (strnEQ(name, "F_", 2)) {
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_DUPFD"))
+#ifdef F_DUPFD
+	        return F_DUPFD;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_GETFD"))
+#ifdef F_GETFD
+	        return F_GETFD;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_GETLK"))
+#ifdef F_GETLK
+	        return F_GETLK;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_SETFD"))
+#ifdef F_SETFD
+	        return F_SETFD;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_GETFL"))
+#ifdef F_GETFL
+	        return F_GETFL;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "SETFL"))
+#ifdef SETFL
+	        return SETFL;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_SETLK"))
+#ifdef F_SETLK
+	        return F_SETLK;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_SETLKW"))
+#ifdef F_SETLKW
+	        return F_SETLKW;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_RDLCK"))
+#ifdef F_RDLCK
+	        return F_RDLCK;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_UNLCK"))
+#ifdef F_UNLCK
+	        return F_UNLCK;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "F_WRLCK"))
+#ifdef F_WRLCK
+	        return F_WRLCK;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    errno = EINVAL;
+	    return 0;
+	} else
+	  if (strEQ(name, "FD_CLOEXEC"))
+#ifdef FD_CLOEXEC
+	    return FD_CLOEXEC;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'O':
+	if (strnEQ(name, "O_", 2)) {
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_CREAT"))
+#ifdef O_CREAT
+	        return O_CREAT;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_EXCL"))
+#ifdef O_EXCL
+	        return O_EXCL;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_NOCTTY"))
+#ifdef O_NOCTTY
+	        return O_NOCTTY;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_TRUNC"))
+#ifdef O_TRUNC
+	        return O_TRUNC;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_APPEND"))
+#ifdef O_APPEND
+	        return O_APPEND;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_NONBLOCK"))
+#ifdef O_NONBLOCK
+	        return O_NONBLOCK;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_NDELAY"))
+#ifdef O_NDELAY
+	        return O_NDELAY;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_RDONLY"))
+#ifdef O_RDONLY
+	        return O_RDONLY;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_RDWR"))
+#ifdef O_RDWR
+	        return O_RDWR;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	    if (strEQ(name, "O_WRONLY"))
+#ifdef O_WRONLY
+	        return O_WRONLY;
+#else
+	        goto not_there;
+#endif
+	} else
+	  goto not_there;
+	break;
+    }
+    errno = EINVAL;
+    return 0;
+
+not_there:
+    errno = ENOENT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+MODULE = Fcntl		PACKAGE = Fcntl
+
+double
+constant(name,arg)
+	char *		name
+	int		arg
+
diff --git a/ext/Fcntl/MANIFEST b/ext/Fcntl/MANIFEST
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5ff6bfe76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Fcntl/MANIFEST
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Fcntl.pm
+Fcntl.xs
+MANIFEST
+Makefile.PL
diff --git a/ext/Fcntl/Makefile.SH b/ext/Fcntl/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..064228e512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Fcntl/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs=" "
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/GDBM_File/GDBM_File.pm b/ext/GDBM_File/GDBM_File.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23422f7a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/GDBM_File/GDBM_File.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package GDBM_File;
+
+require Carp;
+require TieHash;
+require Exporter;
+require AutoLoader;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = (TieHash, Exporter, AutoLoader, DynaLoader);
+@EXPORT = qw(
+	GDBM_CACHESIZE
+	GDBM_FAST
+	GDBM_INSERT
+	GDBM_NEWDB
+	GDBM_READER
+	GDBM_REPLACE
+	GDBM_WRCREAT
+	GDBM_WRITER
+);
+
+sub AUTOLOAD {
+    if (@_ > 1) {
+	$AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+    }
+    local($constname);
+    ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
+    $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0);
+    if ($! != 0) {
+	if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
+	    $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	    goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+	}
+	else {
+	    Carp::croak("Your vendor has not defined GDBM_File macro $constname, used");
+	}
+    }
+    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
+    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
+}
+
+bootstrap GDBM_File;
+
+# Preloaded methods go here.  Autoload methods go after __END__, and are
+# processed by the autosplit program.
+
+1;
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/GDBM_File/GDBM_File.xs b/ext/GDBM_File/GDBM_File.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6dc484fa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/GDBM_File/GDBM_File.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include <gdbm.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+typedef GDBM_FILE GDBM_File;
+
+#define GDBM_BLOCKSIZE 0 /* gdbm defaults to stat blocksize */
+#define gdbm_TIEHASH(dbtype, name, read_write, mode, fatal_func) \
+	gdbm_open(name, GDBM_BLOCKSIZE, read_write, mode, fatal_func)
+
+#define gdbm_FETCH(db,key)			gdbm_fetch(db,key)
+#define gdbm_STORE(db,key,value,flags)		gdbm_store(db,key,value,flags)
+#define gdbm_DELETE(db,key)			gdbm_delete(db,key)
+#define gdbm_FIRSTKEY(db)			gdbm_firstkey(db)
+#define gdbm_NEXTKEY(db,key)			gdbm_nextkey(db,key)
+
+typedef datum gdatum;
+
+typedef void (*FATALFUNC)();
+
+static int
+not_here(s)
+char *s;
+{
+    croak("GDBM_File::%s not implemented on this architecture", s);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static double
+constant(name, arg)
+char *name;
+int arg;
+{
+    errno = 0;
+    switch (*name) {
+    case 'A':
+	break;
+    case 'B':
+	break;
+    case 'C':
+	break;
+    case 'D':
+	break;
+    case 'E':
+	break;
+    case 'F':
+	break;
+    case 'G':
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_CACHESIZE"))
+#ifdef GDBM_CACHESIZE
+	    return GDBM_CACHESIZE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_FAST"))
+#ifdef GDBM_FAST
+	    return GDBM_FAST;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_FASTMODE"))
+#ifdef GDBM_FASTMODE
+	    return GDBM_FASTMODE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_INSERT"))
+#ifdef GDBM_INSERT
+	    return GDBM_INSERT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_NEWDB"))
+#ifdef GDBM_NEWDB
+	    return GDBM_NEWDB;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_READER"))
+#ifdef GDBM_READER
+	    return GDBM_READER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_REPLACE"))
+#ifdef GDBM_REPLACE
+	    return GDBM_REPLACE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_WRCREAT"))
+#ifdef GDBM_WRCREAT
+	    return GDBM_WRCREAT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "GDBM_WRITER"))
+#ifdef GDBM_WRITER
+	    return GDBM_WRITER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'H':
+	break;
+    case 'I':
+	break;
+    case 'J':
+	break;
+    case 'K':
+	break;
+    case 'L':
+	break;
+    case 'M':
+	break;
+    case 'N':
+	break;
+    case 'O':
+	break;
+    case 'P':
+	break;
+    case 'Q':
+	break;
+    case 'R':
+	break;
+    case 'S':
+	break;
+    case 'T':
+	break;
+    case 'U':
+	break;
+    case 'V':
+	break;
+    case 'W':
+	break;
+    case 'X':
+	break;
+    case 'Y':
+	break;
+    case 'Z':
+	break;
+    }
+    errno = EINVAL;
+    return 0;
+
+not_there:
+    errno = ENOENT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+MODULE = GDBM_File	PACKAGE = GDBM_File	PREFIX = gdbm_
+
+double
+constant(name,arg)
+	char *		name
+	int		arg
+
+
+GDBM_File
+gdbm_TIEHASH(dbtype, name, read_write, mode, fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak)
+	char *		dbtype
+	char *		name
+	int		read_write
+	int		mode
+	FATALFUNC	fatal_func
+
+void
+gdbm_close(db)
+	GDBM_File	db
+	CLEANUP:
+
+void
+gdbm_DESTROY(db)
+	GDBM_File	db
+	CODE:
+	gdbm_close(db);
+
+gdatum
+gdbm_FETCH(db, key)
+	GDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+int
+gdbm_STORE(db, key, value, flags = GDBM_REPLACE)
+	GDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+	datum		value
+	int		flags
+    CLEANUP:
+	if (RETVAL) {
+	    if (RETVAL < 0 && errno == EPERM)
+		croak("No write permission to gdbm file");
+	    warn("gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key \"%.*s\"",
+			RETVAL,errno,key.dsize,key.dptr);
+	    /* gdbm_clearerr(db); */
+	}
+
+int
+gdbm_DELETE(db, key)
+	GDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+gdatum
+gdbm_FIRSTKEY(db)
+	GDBM_File	db
+
+gdatum
+gdbm_NEXTKEY(db, key)
+	GDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+int
+gdbm_reorganize(db)
+	GDBM_File	db
+
diff --git a/ext/GDBM_File/Makefile.SH b/ext/GDBM_File/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..974c8deef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/GDBM_File/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs="-lgdbm"
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+case "${extralibs}${dynaloadlibs}${statloadlibs}" in
+'') : Try again.  Maybe they have -ldbm instead
+	potential_libs='-ldbm'
+	. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+	;;
+esac
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/dbm/typemap b/ext/GDBM_File/typemap
index a6b0e5faa8..a6b0e5faa8 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/typemap
+++ b/ext/GDBM_File/typemap
diff --git a/ext/NDBM_File/Makefile.SH b/ext/NDBM_File/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56016cae03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/NDBM_File/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs="-lndbm"
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+case "${extralibs}${dynaloadlibs}${statloadlibs}" in
+'') : Try again.  Maybe they have -ldbm instead
+	potential_libs='-ldbm'
+	. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+	;;
+esac
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/NDBM_File/NDBM_File.pm b/ext/NDBM_File/NDBM_File.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e40fe854fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/NDBM_File/NDBM_File.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package NDBM_File;
+
+require TieHash;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = qw(TieHash DynaLoader);
+
+bootstrap NDBM_File;
+
+1;
+
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/NDBM_File/NDBM_File.xs b/ext/NDBM_File/NDBM_File.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52c08ebe76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/NDBM_File/NDBM_File.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+#include <ndbm.h>
+
+typedef DBM* NDBM_File;
+#define dbm_TIEHASH(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) dbm_open(filename,flags,mode)
+#define dbm_FETCH(db,key)			dbm_fetch(db,key)
+#define dbm_STORE(db,key,value,flags)		dbm_store(db,key,value,flags)
+#define dbm_DELETE(db,key)			dbm_delete(db,key)
+#define dbm_FIRSTKEY(db)			dbm_firstkey(db)
+#define dbm_NEXTKEY(db,key)			dbm_nextkey(db)
+
+MODULE = NDBM_File	PACKAGE = NDBM_File	PREFIX = dbm_
+
+NDBM_File
+dbm_TIEHASH(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
+	char *		dbtype
+	char *		filename
+	int		flags
+	int		mode
+
+void
+dbm_DESTROY(db)
+	NDBM_File	db
+	CODE:
+	dbm_close(db);
+
+datum
+dbm_FETCH(db, key)
+	NDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+int
+dbm_STORE(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)
+	NDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+	datum		value
+	int		flags
+    CLEANUP:
+	if (RETVAL) {
+	    if (RETVAL < 0 && errno == EPERM)
+		croak("No write permission to ndbm file");
+	    warn("ndbm store returned %d, errno %d, key \"%s\"",
+			RETVAL,errno,key.dptr);
+	    dbm_clearerr(db);
+	}
+
+int
+dbm_DELETE(db, key)
+	NDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+datum
+dbm_FIRSTKEY(db)
+	NDBM_File	db
+
+datum
+dbm_NEXTKEY(db, key)
+	NDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+int
+dbm_error(db)
+	NDBM_File	db
+
+void
+dbm_clearerr(db)
+	NDBM_File	db
+
diff --git a/ext/NDBM_File/typemap b/ext/NDBM_File/typemap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6b0e5faa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/NDBM_File/typemap
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#
+#################################### DBM SECTION
+#
+
+datum			T_DATUM
+gdatum			T_GDATUM
+NDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+GDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+SDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+ODBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+DB_File			T_PTROBJ
+DBZ_File		T_PTROBJ
+FATALFUNC		T_OPAQUEPTR
+
+INPUT
+T_DATUM
+	$var.dptr = SvPV($arg, na);
+	$var.dsize = (int)na;
+T_GDATUM
+	UNIMPLEMENTED
+OUTPUT
+T_DATUM
+	sv_setpvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
+T_GDATUM
+	sv_usepvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
diff --git a/ext/ODBM_File/Makefile.SH b/ext/ODBM_File/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..02cf6e13ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/ODBM_File/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+: dbm.nfs is an SCO library.
+potential_libs="-ldbm.nfs"
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+case "${extralibs}${dynaloadlibs}${statloadlibs}" in
+'') : Try again.  Most systems have -ldbm instead
+    potential_libs='-ldbm'
+    . $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+    ;;
+esac
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
diff --git a/ext/ODBM_File/ODBM_File.pm b/ext/ODBM_File/ODBM_File.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d844c673c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/ODBM_File/ODBM_File.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package ODBM_File;
+
+require TieHash;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = qw(TieHash DynaLoader);
+
+bootstrap ODBM_File;
+
+1;
+
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/dbm/ODBM_File.xs b/ext/ODBM_File/ODBM_File.xs
index 04d7b9e7cf..15737a0de8 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/ODBM_File.xs
+++ b/ext/ODBM_File/ODBM_File.xs
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@
 
 typedef void* ODBM_File;
 
-#define odbm_fetch(db,key)			fetch(key)
-#define odbm_store(db,key,value,flags)		store(key,value)
-#define odbm_delete(db,key)			delete(key)
-#define odbm_firstkey(db)			firstkey()
-#define odbm_nextkey(db,key)			nextkey(key)
+#define odbm_FETCH(db,key)			fetch(key)
+#define odbm_STORE(db,key,value,flags)		store(key,value)
+#define odbm_DELETE(db,key)			delete(key)
+#define odbm_FIRSTKEY(db)			firstkey()
+#define odbm_NEXTKEY(db,key)			nextkey(key)
 
 static int dbmrefcnt;
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static int dbmrefcnt;
 MODULE = ODBM_File	PACKAGE = ODBM_File	PREFIX = odbm_
 
 ODBM_File
-odbm_new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
+odbm_TIEHASH(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
 	char *		dbtype
 	char *		filename
 	int		flags
@@ -61,28 +61,35 @@ DESTROY(db)
 	dbmclose();
 
 datum
-odbm_fetch(db, key)
+odbm_FETCH(db, key)
 	ODBM_File	db
 	datum		key
 
 int
-odbm_store(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)
+odbm_STORE(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)
 	ODBM_File	db
 	datum		key
 	datum		value
 	int		flags
+    CLEANUP:
+	if (RETVAL) {
+	    if (RETVAL < 0 && errno == EPERM)
+		croak("No write permission to odbm file");
+	    warn("odbm store returned %d, errno %d, key \"%s\"",
+			RETVAL,errno,key.dptr);
+	}
 
 int
-odbm_delete(db, key)
+odbm_DELETE(db, key)
 	ODBM_File	db
 	datum		key
 
 datum
-odbm_firstkey(db)
+odbm_FIRSTKEY(db)
 	ODBM_File	db
 
 datum
-odbm_nextkey(db, key)
+odbm_NEXTKEY(db, key)
 	ODBM_File	db
 	datum		key
 
diff --git a/ext/ODBM_File/typemap b/ext/ODBM_File/typemap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6b0e5faa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/ODBM_File/typemap
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#
+#################################### DBM SECTION
+#
+
+datum			T_DATUM
+gdatum			T_GDATUM
+NDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+GDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+SDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+ODBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+DB_File			T_PTROBJ
+DBZ_File		T_PTROBJ
+FATALFUNC		T_OPAQUEPTR
+
+INPUT
+T_DATUM
+	$var.dptr = SvPV($arg, na);
+	$var.dsize = (int)na;
+T_GDATUM
+	UNIMPLEMENTED
+OUTPUT
+T_DATUM
+	sv_setpvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
+T_GDATUM
+	sv_usepvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
diff --git a/ext/POSIX/Makefile.SH b/ext/POSIX/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13a8faa116
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/POSIX/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs="-lm -lposix -lcposix "
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pm b/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fa292df6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,1023 @@
+package POSIX;
+
+use Carp;
+require Exporter;
+require AutoLoader;
+require DynaLoader;
+require Config;
+@ISA = (Exporter, AutoLoader, DynaLoader);
+
+$H{assert_h} =	[qw(assert NDEBUG)];
+
+$H{ctype_h} =	[qw(isalnum isalpha iscntrl isdigit isgraph islower
+		isprint ispunct isspace isupper isxdigit tolower toupper)];
+
+$H{dirent_h} =	[qw()];
+
+$H{errno_h} =   [qw(E2BIG EACCES EAGAIN EBADF EBUSY ECHILD EDEADLK EDOM
+		EEXIST EFAULT EFBIG EINTR EINVAL EIO EISDIR EMFILE
+		EMLINK ENAMETOOLONG ENFILE ENODEV ENOENT ENOEXEC ENOLCK
+		ENOMEM ENOSPC ENOSYS ENOTDIR ENOTEMPTY ENOTTY ENXIO
+		EPERM EPIPE ERANGE EROFS ESPIPE ESRCH EXDEV errno)];
+
+$H{fcntl_h} =   [qw(FD_CLOEXEC F_DUPFD F_GETFD F_GETFL F_GETLK F_RDLCK
+		F_SETFD F_SETFL F_SETLK F_SETLKW F_UNLCK F_WRLCK
+		O_ACCMODE O_APPEND O_CREAT O_EXCL O_NOCTTY O_NONBLOCK
+		O_RDONLY O_RDWR O_TRUNC O_WRONLY
+		creat
+		SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET
+		S_IRGRP S_IROTH S_IRUSR S_IRWXG S_IRWXO S_IRWXU
+		S_ISBLK S_ISCHR S_ISDIR S_ISFIFO S_ISGID S_ISREG S_ISUID
+		S_IWGRP S_IWOTH S_IWUSR)];
+
+$H{float_h} =	[qw(DBL_DIG DBL_EPSILON DBL_MANT_DIG
+		DBL_MAX DBL_MAX_10_EXP DBL_MAX_EXP
+		DBL_MIN DBL_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP
+		FLT_DIG FLT_EPSILON FLT_MANT_DIG
+		FLT_MAX FLT_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP
+		FLT_MIN FLT_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP
+		FLT_RADIX FLT_ROUNDS
+		LDBL_DIG LDBL_EPSILON LDBL_MANT_DIG
+		LDBL_MAX LDBL_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP
+		LDBL_MIN LDBL_MIN_10_EXP LDBL_MIN_EXP)];
+
+$H{grp_h} =	[qw()];
+
+$H{limits_h} =	[qw( ARG_MAX CHAR_BIT CHAR_MAX CHAR_MIN CHILD_MAX
+		INT_MAX INT_MIN LINK_MAX LONG_MAX LONG_MIN MAX_CANON
+		MAX_INPUT MB_LEN_MAX NAME_MAX NGROUPS_MAX OPEN_MAX
+		PATH_MAX PIPE_BUF SCHAR_MAX SCHAR_MIN SHRT_MAX SHRT_MIN
+		SSIZE_MAX STREAM_MAX TZNAME_MAX UCHAR_MAX UINT_MAX
+		ULONG_MAX USHRT_MAX _POSIX_ARG_MAX _POSIX_CHILD_MAX
+		_POSIX_LINK_MAX _POSIX_MAX_CANON _POSIX_MAX_INPUT
+		_POSIX_NAME_MAX _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX _POSIX_OPEN_MAX
+		_POSIX_PATH_MAX _POSIX_PIPE_BUF _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX
+		_POSIX_STREADM_MAX _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX)];
+
+$H{locale_h} =  [qw(LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC
+		LC_TIME NULL localeconv setlocale)];
+
+$H{math_h} =    [qw(HUGE_VAL acos asin atan ceil cosh fabs floor fmod
+		frexp ldexp log10 modf pow sinh tanh)];
+
+$H{pwd_h} =	[qw()];
+
+$H{setjmp_h} =	[qw(longjmp setjmp siglongjmp sigsetjmp)];
+
+$H{signal_h} =  [qw(SA_NOCLDSTOP SIGABRT SIGALRM SIGCHLD SIGCONT SIGFPE
+		SIGHUP SIGILL SIGINT SIGKILL SIGPIPE SIGQUIT SIGSEGV
+		SIGSTOP SIGTERM SIGTSTP SIGTTIN SIGTTOU SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2
+		SIG_BLOCK SIG_DFL SIG_ERR SIG_IGN SIG_SETMASK SIG_UNBLOCK
+		raise sigaction signal sigpending sigprocmask
+		sigsuspend)];
+
+$H{stdarg_h} =	[qw()];
+
+$H{stddef_h} =	[qw(NULL offsetof)];
+
+$H{stdio_h} =   [qw(BUFSIZ EOF FILENAME_MAX L_ctermid L_cuserid
+		L_tmpname NULL SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET STREAM_MAX
+		TMP_MAX stderr stdin stdout _IOFBF _IOLBF _IONBF
+		clearerr fclose fdopen feof ferror fflush fgetc fgetpos
+		fgets fopen fprintf fputc fputs fread freopen
+		fscanf fseek fsetpos ftell fwrite getchar gets
+		perror putc putchar puts remove rewind
+		scanf setbuf setvbuf sscanf tmpfile tmpnam
+		ungetc vfprintf vprintf vsprintf)];
+
+$H{stdlib_h} =  [qw(EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS MB_CUR_MAX NULL RAND_MAX
+		abort atexit atof atoi atol bsearch calloc div
+		free getenv labs ldiv malloc mblen mbstowcs mbtowc
+		qsort realloc strtod strtol stroul wcstombs wctomb)];
+
+$H{string_h} =  [qw(NULL memchr memcmp memcpy memmove memset strcat
+		strchr strcmp strcoll strcpy strcspn strerror strlen
+		strncat strncmp strncpy strpbrk strrchr strspn strstr
+		strtok strxfrm)];
+
+$H{sys_stat_h} = [qw(S_IRGRP S_IROTH S_IRUSR S_IRWXG S_IRWXO S_IRWXU
+		S_ISBLK S_ISCHR S_ISDIR S_ISFIFO S_ISGID S_ISREG
+		S_ISUID S_IWGRP S_IWOTH S_IWUSR S_IXGRP S_IXOTH S_IXUSR
+		fstat mkfifo)];
+
+$H{sys_times_h} = [qw()];
+
+$H{sys_types_h} = [qw()];
+
+$H{sys_utsname_h} = [qw(uname)];
+
+$H{sys_wait_h} = [qw(WEXITSTATUS WIFEXITED WIFSIGNALED WIFSTOPPED
+		WNOHANG WSTOPSIG WTERMSIG WUNTRACED)];
+
+$H{termios_h} = [qw( B0 B110 B1200 B134 B150 B1800 B19200 B200 B2400
+		B300 B38400 B4800 B50 B600 B75 B9600 BRKINT CLOCAL
+		CREAD CS5 CS6 CS7 CS8 CSIZE CSTOPB ECHO ECHOE ECHOK
+		ECHONL HUPCL ICANON ICRNL IEXTEN IGNBRK IGNCR IGNPAR
+		INLCR INPCK ISIG ISTRIP IXOFF IXON NCCS NOFLSH OPOST
+		PARENB PARMRK PARODD TCIFLUSH TCIOFF TCIOFLUSH TCION
+		TCOFLUSH TCOOFF TCOON TCSADRAIN TCSAFLUSH TCSANOW
+		TOSTOP VEOF VEOL VERASE VINTR VKILL VMIN VQUIT VSTART
+		VSTOP VSUSP VTIME
+		cfgetispeed cfgetospeed cfsetispeed cfsetospeed tcdrain
+		tcflow tcflush tcgetattr tcsendbreak tcsetattr )];
+
+$H{time_h} =    [qw(CLK_TCK CLOCKS_PER_SEC NULL asctime clock ctime
+		difftime mktime strftime tzset tzname)];
+
+$H{unistd_h} =  [qw(F_OK NULL R_OK SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET
+		STRERR_FILENO STDIN_FILENO STDOUT_FILENO W_OK X_OK
+		_PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _PC_LINK_MAX _PC_MAX_CANON
+		_PC_MAX_INPUT _PC_NAME_MAX _PC_NO_TRUNC _PC_PATH_MAX
+		_PC_PIPE_BUF _PC_VDISABLE _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED
+		_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL _POSIX_NO_TRUNC _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
+		_POSIX_VDISABLE _POSIX_VERSION _SC_ARG_MAX
+		_SC_CHILD_MAX _SC_CLK_TCK _SC_JOB_CONTROL
+		_SC_NGROUPS_MAX _SC_OPEN_MAX _SC_SAVED_IDS
+		_SC_STREAM_MAX _SC_TZNAME_MAX _SC_VERSION
+		_exit access ctermid cuserid
+		dup2 dup execl execle execlp execv execve execvp
+		fpathconf getcwd getegid geteuid getgid getgroups
+		getpid getuid isatty lseek pathconf pause setgid setpgid
+		setsid setuid sysconf tcgetpgrp tcsetpgrp ttyname)];
+
+$H{utime_h} =	[qw()];
+
+sub expand {
+    local (@mylist);
+    foreach $entry (@_) {
+	if ($H{$entry}) {
+	    push(@mylist, @{$H{$entry}});
+	}
+	else {
+	    push(@mylist, $entry);
+	}
+    }
+    @mylist;
+}
+
+@EXPORT = expand qw(assert_h ctype_h dirent_h errno_h fcntl_h float_h
+		grp_h limits_h locale_h math_h pwd_h setjmp_h signal_h
+		stdarg_h stddef_h stdio_h stdlib_h string_h sys_stat_h
+		sys_times_h sys_types_h sys_utsname_h sys_wait_h
+		termios_h time_h unistd_h utime_h);
+
+@EXPORT_OK = qw(
+    closedir opendir readdir rewinddir
+    fcntl open
+    getgrgid getgrnam
+    atan2 cos exp log sin sqrt tan
+    getpwnam getpwuid
+    kill
+    fileno getc printf rename sprintf
+    abs exit rand srand system
+    chmod mkdir stat umask
+    times
+    wait waitpid
+    gmtime localtime time 
+    alarm chdir chown close fork getlogin getppid getpgrp link
+	pipe read rmdir sleep unlink write
+    utime
+);
+
+sub import {
+    my $this = shift;
+    my @list = expand @_;
+    local $Exporter::ExportLevel = 1;
+    Exporter::import($this,@list);
+}
+
+sub AUTOLOAD {
+    if ($AUTOLOAD =~ /::(_?[a-z])/) {
+	$AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD
+    }
+    local $constname = $AUTOLOAD;
+    $constname =~ s/.*:://;
+    $val = constant($constname, $_[0]);
+    if ($! != 0) {
+	if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
+	    croak "$constname is not a valid POSIX macro";
+	}
+	else {
+	    croak "Your vendor has not defined POSIX macro $constname, used";
+	}
+    }
+    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
+    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
+}
+
+
+@liblist = ();
+@liblist = split ' ', $Config::Config{"POSIX_loadlibs"} 
+    if defined $Config::Config{"POSIX_loadlibs"};
+bootstrap POSIX @liblist;
+
+sub usage { 
+    local ($mess) = @_;
+    croak "Usage: POSIX::$mess";
+}
+
+sub redef { 
+    local ($mess) = @_;
+    croak "Use method $mess instead";
+}
+
+sub unimpl { 
+    local ($mess) = @_;
+    $mess =~ s/xxx//;
+    croak "Unimplemented: POSIX::$mess";
+}
+
+$gensym = "SYM000";
+
+sub gensym {
+    *{"POSIX::" . $gensym++};
+}
+
+sub ungensym {
+    local($x) = shift;
+    $x =~ s/.*:://;
+    delete $::_POSIX{$x};
+}
+
+############################
+package POSIX::SigAction;
+
+sub new {
+    bless {HANDLER => $_[1], MASK => $_[2], FLAGS => $_[3]};
+}
+
+############################
+package FileHandle;
+
+sub new {
+    POSIX::usage "FileHandle->new(filename, posixmode)" if @_ != 3;
+    local($class,$filename,$mode) = @_;
+    local($glob) = &POSIX::gensym;
+    $mode =~ s/a.*/>>/ ||
+    $mode =~ s/w.*/>/ ||
+    ($mode = '<');
+    open($glob, "$mode $filename");
+    bless \$glob;
+}
+
+sub new_from_fd {
+    POSIX::usage "FileHandle->new_from_fd(fd,mode)" if @_ != 3;
+    local($class,$fd,$mode) = @_;
+    local($glob) = &POSIX::gensym;
+    $mode =~ s/a.*/>>/ ||
+    $mode =~ s/w.*/>/ ||
+    ($mode = '<');
+    open($glob, "$mode&=$fd");
+    bless \$glob;
+}
+
+sub clearerr {
+    POSIX::usage "clearerr(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    seek($_[0], 0, 1);
+}
+
+sub close {
+    POSIX::usage "close(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    close($_[0]);
+    ungensym($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub eof {
+    POSIX::usage "eof(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    eof($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getc {
+    POSIX::usage "getc(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    getc($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub gets {
+    POSIX::usage "gets(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    local($handle) = @_;
+    scalar <$handle>;
+}
+
+sub fileno {
+    POSIX::usage "fileno(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    fileno($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub seek {
+    POSIX::usage "seek(filehandle,pos,whence)" if @_ != 3;
+    seek($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]);
+}
+
+sub tell {
+    POSIX::usage "tell(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    tell($_[0]);
+}
+############################
+package POSIX; # return to package POSIX so AutoSplit is happy
+1;
+__END__
+
+sub assert {
+    usage "assert(expr)" if @_ != 1;
+    if (!$_[0]) {
+	croak "Assertion failed";
+    }
+}
+
+sub tolower {
+    usage "tolower(string)" if @_ != 1;
+    lc($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub toupper {
+    usage "toupper(string)" if @_ != 1;
+    uc($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub closedir {
+    usage "closedir(dirhandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    closedir($_[0]);
+    ungensym($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub opendir {
+    usage "opendir(directory)" if @_ != 1;
+    local($dirhandle) = &gensym;
+    opendir($dirhandle, $_[0])
+	? $dirhandle
+	: (ungensym($dirhandle), undef);
+}
+
+sub readdir {
+    usage "readdir(dirhandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    readdir($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub rewinddir {
+    usage "rewinddir(dirhandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    rewinddir($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub errno {
+    usage "errno()" if @_ != 0;
+    $! + 0;
+}
+
+sub creat {
+    usage "creat(filename, mode)" if @_ != 2;
+    &open($_[0], &O_WRONLY | &O_CREAT | &O_TRUNC, $_[2]);
+}
+
+sub fcntl {
+    usage "fcntl(filehandle, cmd, arg)" if @_ != 3;
+    fcntl($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]);
+}
+
+sub getgrgid {
+    usage "getgrgid(gid)" if @_ != 1;
+    getgrgid($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getgrnam {
+    usage "getgrnam(name)" if @_ != 1;
+    getgrnam($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub atan2 {
+    usage "atan2(x,y)" if @_ != 2;
+    atan2($_[0], $_[1]);
+}
+
+sub cos {
+    usage "cos(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    cos($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub exp {
+    usage "exp(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    exp($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub fabs {
+    usage "fabs(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    abs($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub log {
+    usage "log(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    log($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub pow {
+    usage "pow(x,exponent)" if @_ != 2;
+    $_[0] ** $_[1];
+}
+
+sub sin {
+    usage "sin(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    sin($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub sqrt {
+    usage "sqrt(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    sqrt($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub tan {
+    usage "tan(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    tan($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getpwnam {
+    usage "getpwnam(name)" if @_ != 1;
+    getpwnam($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getpwuid {
+    usage "getpwuid(uid)" if @_ != 1;
+    getpwuid($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub longjmp {
+    unimpl "longjmp() is C-specific: use die instead";
+}
+
+sub setjmp {
+    unimpl "setjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead";
+}
+
+sub siglongjmp {
+    unimpl "siglongjmp() is C-specific: use die instead";
+}
+
+sub sigsetjmp {
+    unimpl "sigsetjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead";
+}
+
+sub kill {
+    usage "kill(pid, sig)" if @_ != 2;
+    kill $_[1], $_[0];
+}
+
+sub raise {
+    usage "raise(sig)" if @_ != 1;
+    kill $$, $_[0];	# Is this good enough?
+}
+
+sub offsetof {
+    unimpl "offsetof() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub clearerr {
+    redef "$filehandle->clearerr(filehandle)";
+}
+
+sub fclose {
+    redef "$filehandle->fclose(filehandle)";
+}
+
+sub fdopen {
+    redef "FileHandle->new_from_fd(fd,mode)";
+}
+
+sub feof {
+    redef "$filehandle->eof()";
+}
+
+sub fgetc {
+    redef "$filehandle->getc()";
+}
+
+sub fgets {
+    redef "$filehandle->gets()";
+}
+
+sub fileno {
+    redef "$filehandle->fileno()";
+}
+
+sub fopen {
+    redef "FileHandle->open()";
+}
+
+sub fprintf {
+    unimpl "fprintf() is C-specific--use printf instead";
+}
+
+sub fputc {
+    unimpl "fputc() is C-specific--use print instead";
+}
+
+sub fputs {
+    unimpl "fputs() is C-specific--use print instead";
+}
+
+sub fread {
+    unimpl "fread() is C-specific--use read instead";
+}
+
+sub freopen {
+    unimpl "freopen() is C-specific--use open instead";
+}
+
+sub fscanf {
+    unimpl "fscanf() is C-specific--use <> and regular expressions instead";
+}
+
+sub fseek {
+    redef "$filehandle->seek(pos,whence)";
+}
+
+sub ferror {
+    redef "$filehandle->error()";
+}
+
+sub fflush {
+    redef "$filehandle->flush()";
+}
+
+sub fgetpos {
+    redef "$filehandle->getpos()";
+}
+
+sub fsetpos {
+    redef "$filehandle->setpos(pos)";
+}
+
+sub ftell {
+    redef "$filehandle->tell()";
+}
+
+sub fwrite {
+    unimpl "fwrite() is C-specific--use print instead";
+}
+
+sub getc {
+    usage "getc(handle)" if @_ != 1;
+    getc($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getchar {
+    usage "getchar()" if @_ != 0;
+    getc(STDIN);
+}
+
+sub gets {
+    usage "gets()" if @_ != 0;
+    scalar <STDIN>;
+}
+
+sub perror {
+    print STDERR "@_: " if @_;
+    print STDERR $!,"\n";
+}
+
+sub printf {
+    usage "printf(pattern, args...)" if @_ < 1;
+    printf STDOUT @_;
+}
+
+sub putc {
+    unimpl "putc() is C-specific--use print instead";
+}
+
+sub putchar {
+    unimpl "putchar() is C-specific--use print instead";
+}
+
+sub puts {
+    unimpl "puts() is C-specific--use print instead";
+}
+
+sub remove {
+    usage "remove(filename)" if @_ != 1;
+    unlink($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub rename {
+    usage "rename(oldfilename, newfilename)" if @_ != 2;
+    rename($_[0], $_[1]);
+}
+
+sub rewind {
+    usage "rewind(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    seek($_[0],0,0);
+}
+
+sub scanf {
+    unimpl "scanf() is C-specific--use <> and regular expressions instead";
+}
+
+sub sprintf {
+    usage "sprintf(pattern,args)" if @_ == 0;
+    sprintf(shift,@_);
+}
+
+sub sscanf {
+    unimpl "sscanf() is C-specific--use regular expressions instead";
+}
+
+sub tmpfile {
+    redef "FileHandle->new_tmpfile()";
+}
+
+sub ungetc {
+    redef "$filehandle->ungetc(char)";
+}
+
+sub vfprintf {
+    unimpl "vfprintf() is C-specific";
+}
+
+sub vprintf {
+    unimpl "vprintf() is C-specific";
+}
+
+sub vsprintf {
+    unimpl "vsprintf() is C-specific";
+}
+
+sub abs {
+    usage "abs(x)" if @_ != 1;
+    abs($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub atexit {
+    unimpl "atexit() is C-specific: use END {} instead";
+}
+
+sub atof {
+    unimpl "atof() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub atoi {
+    unimpl "atoi() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub atol {
+    unimpl "atol() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub bsearch {
+    unimpl "bsearch(xxx)" if @_ != 123;
+    bsearch($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub calloc {
+    unimpl "calloc() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub div {
+    unimpl "div() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub exit {
+    usage "exit(status)" if @_ != 1;
+    exit($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub free {
+    unimpl "free() is C-specific, stopped";
+    free($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getenv {
+    usage "getenv(name)" if @_ != 1;
+    $ENV{$_[0]};
+}
+
+sub labs {
+    unimpl "labs() is C-specific, use abs instead";
+}
+
+sub ldiv {
+    unimpl "ldiv() is C-specific, use / and int instead";
+}
+
+sub malloc {
+    unimpl "malloc() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub qsort {
+    unimpl "qsort() is C-specific, use sort instead";
+}
+
+sub rand {
+    unimpl "rand() is non-portable, use Perl's rand instead";
+}
+
+sub realloc {
+    unimpl "realloc() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub srand {
+    unimpl "srand()";
+}
+
+sub strtod {
+    unimpl "strtod() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub strtol {
+    unimpl "strtol() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub stroul {
+    unimpl "stroul() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub system {
+    usage "system(command)" if @_ != 1;
+    system($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub memchr {
+    unimpl "memchr() is C-specific, use index() instead";
+}
+
+sub memcmp {
+    unimpl "memcmp() is C-specific, use eq instead";
+}
+
+sub memcpy {
+    unimpl "memcpy() is C-specific, use = instead";
+    memcpy($_[0]);
+
+sub memmove {
+    unimpl "memmove() is C-specific, use = instead";
+}
+
+sub memset {
+    unimpl "memset() is C-specific, use x instead";
+}
+
+sub strcat {
+    unimpl "strcat() is C-specific, use .= instead";
+}
+
+sub strchr {
+    unimpl "strchr() is C-specific, use index() instead";
+}
+
+sub strcmp {
+    unimpl "strcmp() is C-specific, use eq instead";
+}
+
+sub strcpy {
+    unimpl "strcpy() is C-specific, use = instead";
+}
+
+sub strcspn {
+    unimpl "strcspn() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead";
+}
+
+sub strerror {
+    usage "strerror(errno)" if @_ != 1;
+    local $! = $_[0];
+    $! . "";
+}
+
+sub strlen {
+    unimpl "strlen() is C-specific, use length instead";
+}
+
+sub strncat {
+    unimpl "strncat() is C-specific, use .= instead";
+}
+
+sub strncmp {
+    unimpl "strncmp() is C-specific, use eq instead";
+}
+
+sub strncpy {
+    unimpl "strncpy() is C-specific, use = instead";
+}
+
+sub strpbrk {
+    unimpl "strpbrk() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub strrchr {
+    unimpl "strrchr() is C-specific, use rindex() instead";
+}
+
+sub strspn {
+    unimpl "strspn() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub strstr {
+    usage "strstr(big, little)" if @_ != 2;
+    index($_[0], $_[1]);
+}
+
+sub strtok {
+    unimpl "strtok() is C-specific, stopped";
+}
+
+sub chmod {
+    usage "chmod(filename, mode)" if @_ != 2;
+    chmod($_[0], $_[1]);
+}
+
+sub fstat {
+    usage "fstat(fd)" if @_ != 1;
+    local(*TMP);
+    open(TMP, "<&$_[0]");		# Gross.
+    local(@l) = stat(TMP);
+    close(TMP);
+    @l;
+}
+
+sub mkdir {
+    usage "mkdir(directoryname, mode)" if @_ != 2;
+    mkdir($_[0], $_[1]);
+}
+
+sub stat {
+    usage "stat(filename)" if @_ != 1;
+    stat($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub umask {
+    usage "umask(mask)" if @_ != 1;
+    umask($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub times {
+    usage "times()" if @_ != 0;
+    times();
+}
+
+sub wait {
+    usage "wait(statusvariable)" if @_ != 1;
+    local $result = wait();
+    $_[0] = $?;
+    $result;
+}
+
+sub waitpid {
+    usage "waitpid(pid, statusvariable, options)" if @_ != 3;
+    local $result = waitpid($_[0], $_[2]);
+    $_[1] = $?;
+    $result;
+}
+
+sub gmtime {
+    usage "gmtime(time)" if @_ != 1;
+    gmtime($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub localtime {
+    usage "localtime(time)" if @_ != 1;
+    localtime($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub time {
+    unimpl "time()" if @_ != 0;
+    time;
+}
+
+sub alarm {
+    usage "alarm(seconds)" if @_ != 1;
+    alarm($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub chdir {
+    usage "chdir(directory)" if @_ != 1;
+    chdir($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub chown {
+    usage "chown(filename, uid, gid)" if @_ != 3;
+    chown($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]);
+}
+
+sub execl {
+    unimpl "execl() is C-specific, stopped";
+    execl($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub execle {
+    unimpl "execle() is C-specific, stopped";
+    execle($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub execlp {
+    unimpl "execlp() is C-specific, stopped";
+    execlp($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub execv {
+    unimpl "execv() is C-specific, stopped";
+    execv($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub execve {
+    unimpl "execve() is C-specific, stopped";
+    execve($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub execvp {
+    unimpl "execvp() is C-specific, stopped";
+    execvp($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub fork {
+    usage "fork()" if @_ != 0;
+    fork;
+}
+
+sub getcwd
+{
+    usage "getcwd()" if @_ != 0;
+    chop($cwd = `pwd`);
+    $cwd;
+}
+
+sub getegid {
+    usage "getegid()" if @_ != 0;
+    $) + 0;
+}
+
+sub geteuid {
+    usage "geteuid()" if @_ != 0;
+    $> + 0;
+}
+
+sub getgid {
+    usage "getgid()" if @_ != 0;
+    $( + 0;
+}
+
+sub getgroups {
+    usage "getgroups()" if @_ != 0;
+    local(%seen) = ();
+    grep(!$seen{$_}++, split(' ', $) ));
+}
+
+sub getlogin {
+    usage "getlogin()" if @_ != 0;
+    getlogin();
+}
+
+sub getpgrp {
+    usage "getpgrp()" if @_ != 0;
+    getpgrp($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub getpid {
+    usage "getpid()" if @_ != 0;
+    $$;
+}
+
+sub getppid {
+    usage "getppid()" if @_ != 0;
+    getppid;
+}
+
+sub getuid {
+    usage "getuid()" if @_ != 0;
+    $<;
+}
+
+sub isatty {
+    usage "isatty(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
+    -t $_[0];
+}
+
+sub link {
+    usage "link(oldfilename, newfilename)" if @_ != 2;
+    link($_[0], $_[1]);
+}
+
+sub rmdir {
+    usage "rmdir(directoryname)" if @_ != 1;
+    rmdir($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub setgid {
+    usage "setgid(gid)" if @_ != 1;
+    $( = $_[0];
+}
+
+sub setuid {
+    usage "setuid(uid)" if @_ != 1;
+    $< = $_[0];
+}
+
+sub sleep {
+    usage "sleep(seconds)" if @_ != 1;
+    sleep($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub unlink {
+    usage "unlink(filename)" if @_ != 1;
+    unlink($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub utime {
+    usage "utime(filename, atime, mtime)" if @_ != 3;
+    utime($_[1], $_[2], $_[0]);
+}
+
diff --git a/ext/posix/POSIX.xs b/ext/POSIX/POSIX.xs
index a439494dac..941e59a795 100644
--- a/ext/posix/POSIX.xs
+++ b/ext/POSIX/POSIX.xs
@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #include "EXTERN.h"
 #include "perl.h"
 #include "XSUB.h"
-
 #include <ctype.h>
+#ifdef I_DIRENT    /* XXX maybe better to just rely on perl.h? */
 #include <dirent.h>
+#endif
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #ifdef I_FLOAT
 #include <float.h>
 #endif
 #include <grp.h>
+#ifdef I_LIMITS
 #include <limits.h>
+#endif
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <math.h>
 #ifdef I_PWD
@@ -24,33 +27,83 @@
 #ifdef I_STDDEF
 #include <stddef.h>
 #endif
+/* XXX This comment is just to make I_TERMIO and I_SGTTY visible to 
+   metaconfig for future extension writers.  We don't use them in POSIX.
+   (This is really sneaky :-)  --AD
+*/
+#if defined(I_TERMIOS)
+#include <termios.h>
+#endif
 #include <stdio.h>
+#ifdef I_STDLIB
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#endif
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/times.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#ifdef HAS_UNAME
 #include <sys/utsname.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-#if defined(I_TERMIOS) && !defined(CR3)
-#include <termios.h>
 #endif
+#include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#ifdef I_UTIME
 #include <utime.h>
+#endif
 
+typedef FILE * InputStream;
+typedef FILE * OutputStream;
 typedef int SysRet;
+typedef long SysRetLong;
 typedef sigset_t* POSIX__SigSet;
 typedef HV* POSIX__SigAction;
-
-#define HAS_UNAME
-
-#ifndef HAS_GETPGRP
-#define getpgrp() not_here("getpgrp")
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS
+typedef struct termios* POSIX__Termios;
+#else /* Define termios types to int, and call not_here for the functions.*/
+#define POSIX__Termios int
+#define speed_t int
+#define tcflag_t int
+#define cc_t int
+#define cfgetispeed(x) not_here("cfgetispeed")
+#define cfgetospeed(x) not_here("cfgetospeed")
+#define tcdrain(x) not_here("tcdrain")
+#define tcflush(x,y) not_here("tcflush")
+#define tcsendbreak(x,y) not_here("tcsendbreak")
+#define cfsetispeed(x,y) not_here("cfsetispeed")
+#define cfsetospeed(x,y) not_here("cfsetospeed")
+#define ctermid(x) (char *) not_here("ctermid")
+#define tcflow(x,y) not_here("tcflow")
+#define tcgetattr(x,y) not_here("tcgetattr")
+#define tcsetattr(x,y,z) not_here("tcsetattr")
+#endif
+
+/* Possibly needed prototypes */
+char *cuserid _((char *));
+
+#ifndef HAS_CUSERID
+#define cuserid(a) (char *) not_here("cuserid")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_DIFFTIME
+#ifndef difftime
+#define difftime(a,b) not_here("difftime")
+#endif
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_FPATHCONF
+#define fpathconf(f,n) 	(SysRetLong) not_here("fpathconf")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_MKTIME
+#define mktime(a) not_here("mktime")
 #endif
 #ifndef HAS_NICE
 #define nice(a) not_here("nice")
 #endif
+#ifndef HAS_PATHCONF
+#define pathconf(f,n) 	(SysRetLong) not_here("pathconf")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_SYSCONF
+#define sysconf(n) 	(SysRetLong) not_here("sysconf")
+#endif
 #ifndef HAS_READLINK
 #define readlink(a,b,c) not_here("readlink")
 #endif
@@ -60,8 +113,11 @@ typedef HV* POSIX__SigAction;
 #ifndef HAS_SETSID
 #define setsid() not_here("setsid")
 #endif
-#ifndef HAS_SYMLINK
-#define symlink(a,b) not_here("symlink")
+#ifndef HAS_STRCOLL
+#define strcoll(s1,s2) not_here("strcoll")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_STRXFRM
+#define strxfrm(s1,s2,n) not_here("strxfrm")
 #endif
 #ifndef HAS_TCGETPGRP
 #define tcgetpgrp(a) not_here("tcgetpgrp")
@@ -79,6 +135,63 @@ typedef HV* POSIX__SigAction;
 #define waitpid(a,b,c) not_here("waitpid")
 #endif
 
+#ifndef HAS_FGETPOS
+#define fgetpos(a,b) not_here("fgetpos")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_FSETPOS
+#define fsetpos(a,b) not_here("fsetpos")
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAS_MBLEN
+#ifndef mblen
+#define mblen(a,b) not_here("mblen")
+#endif
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_MBSTOWCS
+#define mbstowcs(s, pwcs, n) not_here("mbstowcs")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_MBTOWC
+#define mbtowc(pwc, s, n) not_here("mbtowc")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_WCSTOMBS
+#define wcstombs(s, pwcs, n) not_here("wcstombs")
+#endif
+#ifndef HAS_WCTOMB
+#define wctomb(s, wchar) not_here("wcstombs")
+#endif
+#if !defined(HAS_MBLEN) && !defined(HAS_MBSTOWCS) && !defined(HAS_MBTOWC) && !defined(HAS_WCSTOMBS) && !defined(HAS_WCTOMB)
+/* If we don't have these functions, then we wouldn't have gotten a typedef
+   for wchar_t, the wide character type.  Defining wchar_t allows the
+   functions referencing it to compile.  Its actual type is then meaningless,
+   since without the above functions, all sections using it end up calling
+   not_here() and croak.  --Kaveh Ghazi (ghazi@noc.rutgers.edu) 9/18/94. */
+#ifndef wchar_t
+#define wchar_t char
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAS_LOCALECONV
+#define localeconv() not_here("localeconv")
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAS_TZNAME
+extern char *tzname[];
+#else
+char *tzname[] = { "" , "" };
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAS_LONG_DOUBLE /* XXX What to do about long doubles? */
+#ifdef LDBL_MAX
+#undef LDBL_MAX
+#endif
+#ifdef LDBL_MIN
+#undef LDBL_MIN
+#endif
+#ifdef LDBL_EPSILON
+#undef LDBL_EPSILON
+#endif
+#endif
+
 static int
 not_here(s)
 char *s;
@@ -87,7 +200,8 @@ char *s;
     return -1;
 }
 
-int constant(name, arg)
+static double
+constant(name, arg)
 char *name;
 int arg;
 {
@@ -1066,7 +1180,7 @@ int arg;
 #endif
 	break;
     case 'N':
-	if (strEQ(name, "NULL")) return NULL;
+	if (strEQ(name, "NULL")) return 0;
 	if (strEQ(name, "NAME_MAX"))
 #ifdef NAME_MAX
 	    return NAME_MAX;
@@ -2040,7 +2154,7 @@ new(packname = "POSIX::SigSet", ...)
 	    int i;
 	    RETVAL = (sigset_t*)safemalloc(sizeof(sigset_t));
 	    sigemptyset(RETVAL);
-	    for (i = 2; i <= items; i++)
+	    for (i = 1; i < items; i++)
 		sigaddset(RETVAL, SvIV(ST(i)));
 	}
     OUTPUT:
@@ -2050,7 +2164,7 @@ void
 DESTROY(sigset)
 	POSIX::SigSet	sigset
     CODE:
-	safefree(sigset);
+	safefree((char *)sigset);
 
 SysRet
 sigaddset(sigset, sig)
@@ -2076,9 +2190,252 @@ sigismember(sigset, sig)
 	int		sig
 
 
-MODULE = POSIX		PACKAGE = POSIX
+MODULE = Termios	PACKAGE = POSIX::Termios	PREFIX = cf
+
+POSIX::Termios
+new(packname = "POSIX::Termios", ...)
+    char *		packname
+    CODE:
+	{
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS
+	    RETVAL = (struct termios*)safemalloc(sizeof(struct termios));
+#else
+	    not_here("termios");
+#endif
+	}
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+void
+DESTROY(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS
+	safefree((char *)termios_ref);
+#else
+	    not_here("termios");
+#endif
+
+SysRet
+getattr(termios_ref, fd = 0)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	int		fd
+    CODE:
+	RETVAL = tcgetattr(fd, termios_ref);
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+SysRet
+setattr(termios_ref, fd = 0, optional_actions = 0)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	int		fd
+	int		optional_actions
+    CODE:
+	RETVAL = tcsetattr(fd, optional_actions, termios_ref);
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+speed_t
+cfgetispeed(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+
+speed_t
+cfgetospeed(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+
+tcflag_t
+getiflag(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	RETVAL = termios_ref->c_iflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("getiflag");
+#endif
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+tcflag_t
+getoflag(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	RETVAL = termios_ref->c_oflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("getoflag");
+#endif
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+tcflag_t
+getcflag(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	RETVAL = termios_ref->c_cflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("getcflag");
+#endif
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+tcflag_t
+getlflag(termios_ref)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	RETVAL = termios_ref->c_lflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("getlflag");
+#endif
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+cc_t
+getcc(termios_ref, ccix)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	int		ccix
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	if (ccix >= NCCS)
+	    croak("Bad getcc subscript");
+	RETVAL = termios_ref->c_cc[ccix];
+#else
+	    not_here("getcc");
+#endif
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+SysRet
+cfsetispeed(termios_ref, speed)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	speed_t		speed
+
+SysRet
+cfsetospeed(termios_ref, speed)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	speed_t		speed
+
+void
+setiflag(termios_ref, iflag)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	tcflag_t	iflag
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	termios_ref->c_iflag = iflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("setiflag");
+#endif
+
+void
+setoflag(termios_ref, oflag)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	tcflag_t	oflag
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	termios_ref->c_oflag = oflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("setoflag");
+#endif
+
+void
+setcflag(termios_ref, cflag)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	tcflag_t	cflag
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	termios_ref->c_cflag = cflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("setcflag");
+#endif
+
+void
+setlflag(termios_ref, lflag)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	tcflag_t	lflag
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	termios_ref->c_lflag = lflag;
+#else
+	    not_here("setlflag");
+#endif
+
+void
+setcc(termios_ref, ccix, cc)
+	POSIX::Termios	termios_ref
+	int		ccix
+	cc_t		cc
+    CODE:
+#ifdef I_TERMIOS /* References a termios structure member so ifdef it out. */
+	if (ccix >= NCCS)
+	    croak("Bad setcc subscript");
+	termios_ref->c_cc[ccix] = cc;
+#else
+	    not_here("setcc");
+#endif
+
+
+
+MODULE = FileHandle	PACKAGE = FileHandle	PREFIX = f
+
+SV *
+fgetpos(handle)
+	InputStream	handle
+    CODE:
+	{
+	    Fpos_t pos;
+	    fgetpos(handle, &pos);
+	    ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSVpv((char*)&pos, sizeof(Fpos_t)));
+	}
+
+SysRet
+fsetpos(handle, pos)
+	InputStream	handle
+	SV *		pos
+    CODE:
+	RETVAL = fsetpos(handle, (Fpos_t*)SvPVX(pos));
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+int
+ungetc(handle, c)
+	InputStream	handle
+	int		c
+    CODE:
+	RETVAL = ungetc(c, handle);
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+OutputStream
+new_tmpfile()
+    CODE:
+	RETVAL = tmpfile();
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
 
 int
+ferror(handle)
+	InputStream	handle
+
+SysRet
+fflush(handle)
+	OutputStream	handle
+
+void
+setbuf(handle, buf)
+	OutputStream	handle
+	char *		buf = SvPOK(ST(1)) ? sv_grow(ST(1), BUFSIZ) : 0;
+
+SysRet
+setvbuf(handle, buf, type, size)
+	OutputStream	handle
+	char *		buf = SvPOK(ST(1)) ? sv_grow(ST(1), SvIV(ST(3))) : 0;
+	int		type
+	int		size
+
+MODULE = POSIX		PACKAGE = POSIX
+
+double
 constant(name,arg)
 	char *		name
 	int		arg
@@ -2219,11 +2576,12 @@ SysRet
 open(filename, flags = O_RDONLY, mode = 0666)
 	char *		filename
 	int		flags
-	int		mode
+	Mode_t		mode
 
 HV *
 localeconv()
     CODE:
+#ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
 	struct lconv *lcbuf;
 	RETVAL = newHV();
 	if (lcbuf = localeconv()) {
@@ -2284,6 +2642,9 @@ localeconv()
 		hv_store(RETVAL, "n_sign_posn", 11,
 		    newSViv(lcbuf->n_sign_posn), 0);
 	}
+#else
+	localeconv(); /* A stub to call not_here(). */
+#endif
     OUTPUT:
 	RETVAL
 
@@ -2326,7 +2687,6 @@ frexp(x)
 	double		x
     PPCODE:
 	int expvar;
-	sp--;
 	/* (We already know stack is long enough.) */
 	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVnv(frexp(x,&expvar))));
 	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSViv(expvar)));
@@ -2345,7 +2705,6 @@ modf(x)
 	double		x
     PPCODE:
 	double intvar;
-	sp--;
 	/* (We already know stack is long enough.) */
 	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVnv(modf(x,&intvar))));
 	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVnv(intvar)));
@@ -2401,7 +2760,9 @@ sigaction(sig, action, oldaction = 0)
 		/* Set up any desired mask. */
 		svp = hv_fetch(action, "MASK", 4, FALSE);
 		if (svp && sv_isa(*svp, "POSIX::SigSet")) {
-		    sigset = (sigset_t*)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(*svp));
+		    unsigned long tmp;
+		    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(*svp));
+		    sigset = (sigset_t*) tmp;
 		    act.sa_mask = *sigset;
 		}
 		else
@@ -2419,12 +2780,17 @@ sigaction(sig, action, oldaction = 0)
 		RETVAL = sigaction(sig, & act, (struct sigaction*)0);
 	    else if (oldaction)
 		RETVAL = sigaction(sig, (struct sigaction*)0, & oact);
+	    else
+		RETVAL = -1;
 
 	    if (oldaction) {
 		/* Get back the mask. */
 		svp = hv_fetch(oldaction, "MASK", 4, TRUE);
-		if (sv_isa(*svp, "POSIX::SigSet"))
-		    sigset = (sigset_t*)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(*svp));
+		if (sv_isa(*svp, "POSIX::SigSet")) {
+		    unsigned long tmp;
+		    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(*svp));
+		    sigset = (sigset_t*) tmp;
+		}
 		else {
 		    sigset = (sigset_t*)safemalloc(sizeof(sigset_t));
 		    sv_setptrobj(*svp, sigset, "POSIX::SigSet");
@@ -2453,21 +2819,6 @@ SysRet
 sigsuspend(signal_mask)
 	POSIX::SigSet		signal_mask
 
-############ Work in progress
-
-#FileHandle
-#fdopen(fd, type)
-#	int		fd
-#	char *		type
-
-#int
-#ferror(handle)
-#	FileHandle	handle
-
-#SysRet
-#fflush(handle)
-#	OutputHandle	handle
-
 void
 _exit(status)
 	int		status
@@ -2486,7 +2837,7 @@ dup2(fd1, fd2)
 	int		fd2
 
 SysRet
-lseek()
+lseek(fd, offset, whence)
 	int		fd
 	Off_t		offset
 	int		whence
@@ -2499,7 +2850,6 @@ int
 pipe()
     PPCODE:
 	int fds[2];
-	sp--;
 	if (pipe(fds) != -1) {
 	    EXTEND(sp,2);
 	    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSViv(fds[0])));
@@ -2507,16 +2857,18 @@ pipe()
 	}
 
 SysRet
-read()
-    CODE:
-	int fd;
-	char * buffer;
-	size_t nbytes;
-
-	RETVAL = read(fd, buffer, nbytes);
-	croak("POSIX::read() not implemented yet\n");
-    OUTPUT:
-	RETVAL
+read(fd, buffer, nbytes)
+	int		fd
+	char *		buffer = sv_grow(ST(1),SvIV(ST(2))+1);
+	size_t		nbytes
+    CLEANUP:
+	if (RETVAL >= 0) {
+	    SvCUR(ST(1)) = RETVAL;
+	    SvPOK_only(ST(1));
+	    *SvEND(ST(1)) = '\0';
+	    if (tainting)
+		sv_magic(ST(1), 0, 't', 0, 0);
+	}
 
 SysRet
 setgid(gid)
@@ -2546,8 +2898,8 @@ tcsetpgrp(fd, pgrp_id)
 int
 uname()
     PPCODE:
+#ifdef HAS_UNAME
 	struct utsname buf;
-	sp--;
 	if (uname(&buf) >= 0) {
 	    EXTEND(sp, 5);
 	    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(buf.sysname, 0)));
@@ -2556,15 +2908,241 @@ uname()
 	    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(buf.version, 0)));
 	    PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(buf.machine, 0)));
 	}
+#else
+	uname((char *) 0); /* A stub to call not_here(). */
+#endif
 
 SysRet
-write()
+write(fd, buffer, nbytes)
+	int		fd
+	char *		buffer
+	size_t		nbytes
+
+char *
+tmpnam(s = 0)
+	char *		s = 0;
+
+void
+abort()
+
+int
+mblen(s, n)
+	char *		s
+	size_t		n
+
+size_t
+mbstowcs(s, pwcs, n)
+	wchar_t *	s
+	char *		pwcs
+	size_t		n
+
+int
+mbtowc(pwc, s, n)
+	wchar_t *	pwc
+	char *		s
+	size_t		n
+
+int
+wcstombs(s, pwcs, n)
+	char *		s
+	wchar_t *	pwcs
+	size_t		n
+
+int
+wctomb(s, wchar)
+	char *		s
+	wchar_t		wchar
+
+int
+strcoll(s1, s2)
+	char *		s1
+	char *		s2
+
+SV *
+strxfrm(src)
+	SV *		src
     CODE:
-	int fd;
-	char * buffer;
-	size_t nbytes;
+	{
+          STRLEN srclen;
+          STRLEN dstlen;
+          char *p = SvPV(src,srclen);
+          srclen++;
+          ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSV(srclen));
+          dstlen = strxfrm(SvPVX(ST(0)), p, (size_t)srclen);
+          if (dstlen > srclen) {
+              dstlen++;
+              SvGROW(ST(0), dstlen);
+              strxfrm(SvPVX(ST(0)), p, (size_t)dstlen);
+              dstlen--;
+          }
+          SvCUR(ST(0)) = dstlen;
+	    SvPOK_only(ST(0));
+	}
+
+SysRet
+mkfifo(filename, mode)
+	char *		filename
+	Mode_t		mode
+
+SysRet
+tcdrain(fd)
+	int		fd
+
+
+SysRet
+tcflow(fd, action)
+	int		fd
+	int		action
+
+
+SysRet
+tcflush(fd, queue_selector)
+	int		fd
+	int		queue_selector
+
+SysRet
+tcsendbreak(fd, duration)
+	int		fd
+	int		duration
+
+char *
+asctime(sec, min, hour, mday, mon, year, wday = 0, yday = 0, isdst = 0)
+	int		sec
+	int		min
+	int		hour
+	int		mday
+	int		mon
+	int		year
+	int		wday
+	int		yday
+	int		isdst
+    CODE:
+	{
+	    struct tm mytm;
+	    mytm.tm_sec = sec;
+	    mytm.tm_min = min;
+	    mytm.tm_hour = hour;
+	    mytm.tm_mday = mday;
+	    mytm.tm_mon = mon;
+	    mytm.tm_year = year;
+	    mytm.tm_wday = wday;
+	    mytm.tm_yday = yday;
+	    mytm.tm_isdst = isdst;
+	    RETVAL = asctime(&mytm);
+	}
+    OUTPUT:
+	RETVAL
+
+long
+clock()
+
+char *
+ctime(time)
+	Time_t *	time
 
-	RETVAL = write(fd, buffer, nbytes);
-	croak("POSIX::write() not implemented yet\n");
+double
+difftime(time1, time2)
+	Time_t		time1
+	Time_t		time2
+
+SysRetLong
+mktime(sec, min, hour, mday, mon, year, wday = 0, yday = 0, isdst = 0)
+	int		sec
+	int		min
+	int		hour
+	int		mday
+	int		mon
+	int		year
+	int		wday
+	int		yday
+	int		isdst
+    CODE:
+	{
+	    struct tm mytm;
+	    mytm.tm_sec = sec;
+	    mytm.tm_min = min;
+	    mytm.tm_hour = hour;
+	    mytm.tm_mday = mday;
+	    mytm.tm_mon = mon;
+	    mytm.tm_year = year;
+	    mytm.tm_wday = wday;
+	    mytm.tm_yday = yday;
+	    mytm.tm_isdst = isdst;
+	    RETVAL = mktime(&mytm);
+	}
     OUTPUT:
 	RETVAL
+
+char *
+strftime(fmt, sec, min, hour, mday, mon, year, wday = 0, yday = 0, isdst = 0)
+	char *		fmt
+	int		sec
+	int		min
+	int		hour
+	int		mday
+	int		mon
+	int		year
+	int		wday
+	int		yday
+	int		isdst
+    CODE:
+	{
+	    char tmpbuf[128];
+	    struct tm mytm;
+	    int len;
+	    mytm.tm_sec = sec;
+	    mytm.tm_min = min;
+	    mytm.tm_hour = hour;
+	    mytm.tm_mday = mday;
+	    mytm.tm_mon = mon;
+	    mytm.tm_year = year;
+	    mytm.tm_wday = wday;
+	    mytm.tm_yday = yday;
+	    mytm.tm_isdst = isdst;
+	    len = strftime(tmpbuf, sizeof tmpbuf, fmt, &mytm);
+	    ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSVpv(tmpbuf, len));
+	}
+
+void
+tzset()
+
+void
+tzname()
+    PPCODE:
+	EXTEND(sp,2);
+	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(tzname[0],strlen(tzname[0]))));
+	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(tzname[1],strlen(tzname[1]))));
+
+SysRet
+access(filename, mode)
+	char *		filename
+	Mode_t		mode
+
+char *
+ctermid(s = 0)
+	char *		s = 0;
+
+char *
+cuserid(s = 0)
+	char *		s = 0;
+
+SysRetLong
+fpathconf(fd, name)
+	int		fd
+	int		name
+
+SysRetLong
+pathconf(filename, name)
+	char *		filename
+	int		name
+
+SysRet
+pause()
+
+SysRetLong
+sysconf(name)
+	int		name
+
+char *
+ttyname(fd)
+	int		fd
diff --git a/ext/POSIX/typemap b/ext/POSIX/typemap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..45e0862ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/POSIX/typemap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Mode_t			T_NV
+pid_t			T_NV
+Uid_t			T_NV
+Time_t			T_NV
+Gid_t			T_NV
+Off_t			T_NV
+fd			T_IV
+speed_t			T_IV
+tcflag_t		T_IV
+cc_t			T_IV
+POSIX::SigSet		T_PTROBJ
+POSIX::Termios		T_PTROBJ
+POSIX::SigAction	T_HVREF
diff --git a/ext/README b/ext/README
deleted file mode 100644
index a80a650d7b..0000000000
--- a/ext/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-This directory contains an example of how you might link in C subroutines
-with perl to make your own special copy of perl.  In the perl distribution
-directory, there will be (after make is run) a file called uperl.o, which
-is all of perl except for a single undefined subroutine, named userinit().
-See usersub.c.
-
-The sole purpose of the userinit() routine is to call the initialization
-routines for any modules that you want to link in.  In this example, we just
-call init_curses(), which sets up to link in the System V curses routines.
-You'll find this in the file curses.c, which is the processed output of
-curses.mus.  (To get BSD curses, replace curses.mus with bsdcurses.mus.)
-
-The magicname() routine adds variable names into the symbol table.  Along
-with the name of the variable as Perl knows it, we pass a structure containing
-an index identifying the variable, and the names of two C functions that
-know how to set or evaluate a variable given the index of the variable.
-Our example uses a macro to handle this conveniently.
-
-The init routine calls make_usub() to add user-defined subroutine names
-into the symbol table.  The arguments are
-
-	make_usub(subname, subindex, subfunc, filename);
-	char *subname;
-	int subindex;
-	int subfunc();
-	char *filename;
-
-The subname is the name that will be used in the Perl program.  The subindex
-will be passed to subfunc() when it is called to tell it which C function
-is desired.  subfunc() is a glue routine that translates the arguments
-from Perl internal stack form to the form required by the routine in
-question, calls the desired C function, and then translates any return
-value back into the stack format.  The glue routine used by curses just
-has a large switch statement, each branch of which does the processing
-for a particular C function.  The subindex could, however, be used to look
-up a function in a dynamically linked library.  No example of this is
-provided.
-
-As a help in producing the glue routine, a preprocessor called "mus" lets
-you specify argument and return value types in a tabular format.  An entry
-such as:
-
-    CASE int waddstr
-    I       WINDOW*         win
-    I       char*           str
-    END
-
-indicates that waddstr takes two input arguments, the first of which is a
-pointer to a window, and the second of which is an ordinary C string.  It
-also indicates that an integer is returned.  The mus program turns this into:
-
-    case US_waddstr:
-        if (items != 2)
-            fatal("Usage: &waddstr($win, $str)");
-        else {
-            int retval;
-            WINDOW*     win =           *(WINDOW**)     str_get(st[1]);
-            char*       str =           (char*)         str_get(st[2]);
-
-            retval = waddstr(win, str);
-            str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-        }
-        return sp;
-
-It's also possible to have output parameters, indicated by O, and input/ouput
-parameters indicated by IO.
-
-The mus program isn't perfect.  You'll note that curses.mus has some
-cases which are hand coded.  They'll be passed straight through unmodified.
-You can produce similar cases by analogy to what's in curses.c, as well
-as similar routines in the doarg.c, dolist.c and doio.c routines of Perl.
-The mus program is only intended to get you about 90% there.  It's not clear,
-for instance, how a given structure should be passed to Perl.  But that
-shouldn't bother you--if you've gotten this far, it's already obvious
-that you are totally mad.
-
-Here's an example of how to return an array value:
-
-    case US_appl_errlist:
-	if (!wantarray) {
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) appl_nerr);
-	    return sp;
-	}
-	astore(stack, sp + appl_nerr, Nullstr);		/* extend stack */
-	st = stack->ary_array + sp;			/* possibly realloced */
-	for (i = 0; i < appl_nerr; i++) {
-	    tmps = appl_errlist[i];
-	    st[i] = str_2mortal(str_make(tmps,strlen(tmps)));
-	}
-	return sp + appl_nerr - 1;
-
-
-In addition, there is a program, man2mus, that will scan a man page for
-function prototypes and attempt to construct a mus CASE entry for you.  It has
-to guess about input/output parameters, so you'll have to tidy up after it.
-But it can save you a lot of time if the man pages for a library are
-reasonably well formed.
-
-If you happen to have curses on your machine, you might try compiling
-a copy of curseperl.  The "pager" program in this directory is a rudimentary
-start on writing a pager--don't believe the help message, which is stolen
-from the less program.
-
-User-defined subroutines may not currently be called as a signal handler,
-though a signal handler may itself call a user-defined subroutine.
-
-There are now glue routines to call back from C into Perl.  In usersub.c
-in this directory, you'll find callback() and callv().  The callback()
-routine presumes that any arguments to pass to the Perl subroutine
-have already been pushed onto the Perl stack.  The callv() routine
-is a wrapper that pushes an argv-style array of strings onto the
-stack for you, and then calls callback().  Be sure to recheck your
-stack pointer after returning from these routine, since the Perl code
-may have reallocated it.
diff --git a/ext/SDBM_File/Makefile.SH b/ext/SDBM_File/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f181e3b09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs=" "
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o sdbm/libsdbm.a
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o sdbm/libsdbm.a $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o sdbm/libsdbm.a
+	cp sdbm/libsdbm.a $@
+	ar r $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+sdbm/libsdbm.a:	FORCE
+	@cd sdbm;  \
+	if test ! -f Makefile ; then \
+	test -f Makefile.SH && sh Makefile.SH ; \
+	fi ; 	$(MAKE)
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	-cd sdbm; $(MAKE) clean
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	-cd sdbm; $(MAKE) realclean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/SDBM_File/SDBM_File.pm b/ext/SDBM_File/SDBM_File.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f93e52893
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/SDBM_File.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package SDBM_File;
+
+require TieHash;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = qw(TieHash DynaLoader);
+
+bootstrap SDBM_File;
+
+1;
+
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/SDBM_File/SDBM_File.xs b/ext/SDBM_File/SDBM_File.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97f9c1f9f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/SDBM_File.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+#include "sdbm/sdbm.h"
+
+typedef DBM* SDBM_File;
+#define sdbm_TIEHASH(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) sdbm_open(filename,flags,mode)
+#define sdbm_FETCH(db,key)			sdbm_fetch(db,key)
+#define sdbm_STORE(db,key,value,flags)		sdbm_store(db,key,value,flags)
+#define sdbm_DELETE(db,key)			sdbm_delete(db,key)
+#define sdbm_FIRSTKEY(db)			sdbm_firstkey(db)
+#define sdbm_NEXTKEY(db,key)			sdbm_nextkey(db)
+
+
+MODULE = SDBM_File	PACKAGE = SDBM_File	PREFIX = sdbm_
+
+SDBM_File
+sdbm_TIEHASH(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
+	char *		dbtype
+	char *		filename
+	int		flags
+	int		mode
+
+void
+sdbm_DESTROY(db)
+	SDBM_File	db
+	CODE:
+	sdbm_close(db);
+
+datum
+sdbm_FETCH(db, key)
+	SDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+int
+sdbm_STORE(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)
+	SDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+	datum		value
+	int		flags
+    CLEANUP:
+	if (RETVAL) {
+	    if (RETVAL < 0 && errno == EPERM)
+		croak("No write permission to sdbm file");
+	    warn("sdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key \"%s\"",
+			RETVAL,errno,key.dptr);
+	    sdbm_clearerr(db);
+	}
+
+int
+sdbm_DELETE(db, key)
+	SDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+datum
+sdbm_FIRSTKEY(db)
+	SDBM_File	db
+
+datum
+sdbm_NEXTKEY(db, key)
+	SDBM_File	db
+	datum		key
+
+int
+sdbm_error(db)
+	SDBM_File	db
+
+int
+sdbm_clearerr(db)
+	SDBM_File	db
+
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/CHANGES b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/CHANGES
index f7296d1b3a..f7296d1b3a 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/CHANGES
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/CHANGES
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/COMPARE b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/COMPARE
index a595e831d2..a595e831d2 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/COMPARE
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/COMPARE
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/Makefile.SH b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/Makefile.SH
index 9a19fa2ed5..521c97270a 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/Makefile.SH
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/Makefile.SH
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
 if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
 elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
 elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
@@ -6,19 +13,18 @@ elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
 else
 	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
 fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
 case $CONFIG in
 '')
 	. $TOP/config.sh
 	;;
 esac
-: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
-: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
 
-case "$0" in
-*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
-esac
-
-echo "Extracting ext/dbm/sdbm/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+echo "Extracting ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
 : This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
 : Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
 : Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
@@ -33,16 +39,23 @@ $spitshell >Makefile <<!GROK!THIS!
 #
 #
 CC = $cc
-ranlib = $ranlib
+RANLIB = $ranlib
 TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
 LDFLAGS = $ldflags
 CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
 SMALL = $small
 LARGE = $large $split
 
-# To use an alternate make, set $altmake in config.sh.
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
 MAKE = ${altmake-make}
 
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+
 !GROK!THIS!
 
 : In the following dollars and backticks do not need the extra backslash.
@@ -51,15 +64,17 @@ SHELL = /bin/sh
 CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
 
 .c.o:
-	$(CCCMD) -I$(TOP) -DSDBM -DDUFF $*.c
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) -DSDBM -DDUFF $*.c
 
 LIBOBJS = sdbm.o pair.o hash.o
 LIBSRCS = sdbm.c pair.c hash.c
 HDRS = tune.h sdbm.h pair.h $(TOP)/config.h
 
+all:	libsdbm.a
+
 libsdbm.a: $(LIBOBJS)
 	ar cr libsdbm.a $(LIBOBJS)
-	$(ranlib) libsdbm.a
+	$(RANLIB) libsdbm.a
 
 $(LIBOBJS): $(HDRS)
 
@@ -75,6 +90,10 @@ realclean: 	clean
 
 purge:	realclean
 
+sdbm.o : sdbm.c $(TOP)/config.h sdbm.h tune.h pair.h 
+hash.o : hash.c $(TOP)/config.h sdbm.h 
+pair.o : pair.c $(TOP)/config.h sdbm.h tune.h pair.h 
+
 !NO!SUBS!
 chmod 755 Makefile
 $eunicefix Makefile
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/README b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/README
index cd7312cc57..cd7312cc57 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/README
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/README
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/README.too b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/README.too
index c2d095944d..c2d095944d 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/README.too
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/README.too
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/biblio b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/biblio
index 0be09fa005..0be09fa005 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/biblio
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/biblio
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dba.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dba.c
index 4f227e5245..4f227e5245 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dba.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dba.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbd.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbd.c
index 697a547597..697a547597 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbd.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbd.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbe.1 b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbe.1
index 3b32272684..3b32272684 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbe.1
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbe.1
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbe.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbe.c
index 2a306f276e..2a306f276e 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbe.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbe.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbm.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbm.c
index 1388230e2d..1388230e2d 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbm.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbm.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbm.h b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbm.h
index 1196953d96..1196953d96 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbm.h
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbm.h
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbu.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbu.c
index 106262872e..106262872e 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/dbu.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/dbu.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/grind b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/grind
index 23728b7d49..23728b7d49 100755
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/grind
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/grind
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/hash.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/hash.c
index eb585ac102..eb585ac102 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/hash.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/hash.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/linux.patches b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/linux.patches
index cb7b1b7d8e..cb7b1b7d8e 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/linux.patches
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/linux.patches
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/makefile.sdbm b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/makefile.sdbm
index c959c1fab5..c959c1fab5 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/makefile.sdbm
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/makefile.sdbm
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/pair.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/pair.c
index 575b34c6c1..a02c73f28f 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/pair.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/pair.c
@@ -193,6 +193,8 @@ datum key;
 		}
 #else
 #ifdef HAS_MEMMOVE
+		dst -= m;
+		src -= m;
 		memmove(dst, src, m);
 #else
 		while (m--)
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/pair.h b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/pair.h
index bd66d02fd2..bd66d02fd2 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/pair.h
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/pair.h
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/readme.ms b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/readme.ms
index 01ca17ccdf..01ca17ccdf 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/readme.ms
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/readme.ms
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/readme.ps b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/readme.ps
index 2b0c675595..2b0c675595 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/readme.ps
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/readme.ps
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.3 b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.3
index f0f2d07c84..f0f2d07c84 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.3
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.3
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.c
index d09adccdd3..d09adccdd3 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.c
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.h b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.h
index f94b054999..927e2c2e30 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.h
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.h
@@ -123,12 +123,6 @@ extern long sdbm_hash proto((char *, int));
 # define STANDARD_C 1
 #endif
 
-#if defined(STANDARD_C)
-#   define P(args) args
-#else
-#   define P(args) ()
-#endif
-
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <setjmp.h>
@@ -150,10 +144,6 @@ extern long sdbm_hash proto((char *, int));
 #   endif
 #endif
 
-#ifdef I_UNISTD
-#include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 
 #ifndef SEEK_SET
@@ -167,25 +157,28 @@ extern long sdbm_hash proto((char *, int));
 /* Use all the "standard" definitions? */
 #ifdef STANDARD_C
 #   include <stdlib.h>
-#   ifdef I_STRING
-#     include <string.h>
-#   endif
-#   define MEM_SIZE size_t
-#else
-#   ifdef I_MEMORY
-#     include <memory.h>
-#   endif
-    typedef unsigned int MEM_SIZE;
 #endif /* STANDARD_C */
 
-#if defined(HAS_MEMCMP) && defined(mips) && defined(ultrix)
+#define MEM_SIZE Size_t
+
+#ifdef I_STRING
+#include <string.h>
+#else
+#include <strings.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef I_MEMORY
+#include <memory.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(mips) && defined(ultrix) && !defined(__STDC__)
 #   undef HAS_MEMCMP
 #endif
 
 #ifdef HAS_MEMCPY
 #  if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(I_STRING) && !defined(I_MEMORY)
 #    ifndef memcpy
-        extern char * memcpy P((char*, char*, int));
+        extern char * memcpy _((char*, char*, int));
 #    endif
 #  endif
 #else
@@ -201,7 +194,7 @@ extern long sdbm_hash proto((char *, int));
 #ifdef HAS_MEMSET
 #  if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(I_STRING) && !defined(I_MEMORY)
 #    ifndef memset
-	extern char *memset P((char*, int, int));
+	extern char *memset _((char*, int, int));
 #    endif
 #  endif
 #  define memzero(d,l) memset(d,0,l)
@@ -218,7 +211,7 @@ extern long sdbm_hash proto((char *, int));
 #ifdef HAS_MEMCMP
 #  if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(I_STRING) && !defined(I_MEMORY)
 #    ifndef memcmp
-	extern int memcmp P((char*, char*, int));
+	extern int memcmp _((char*, char*, int));
 #    endif
 #  endif
 #else
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/tune.h b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/tune.h
index b95c8c8634..b95c8c8634 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/tune.h
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/tune.h
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/util.c b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/util.c
index 4b03d89f09..4b03d89f09 100644
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/util.c
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/util.c
diff --git a/ext/SDBM_File/typemap b/ext/SDBM_File/typemap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6b0e5faa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/SDBM_File/typemap
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#
+#################################### DBM SECTION
+#
+
+datum			T_DATUM
+gdatum			T_GDATUM
+NDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+GDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+SDBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+ODBM_File		T_PTROBJ
+DB_File			T_PTROBJ
+DBZ_File		T_PTROBJ
+FATALFUNC		T_OPAQUEPTR
+
+INPUT
+T_DATUM
+	$var.dptr = SvPV($arg, na);
+	$var.dsize = (int)na;
+T_GDATUM
+	UNIMPLEMENTED
+OUTPUT
+T_DATUM
+	sv_setpvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
+T_GDATUM
+	sv_usepvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
diff --git a/ext/Socket/Makefile.SH b/ext/Socket/Makefile.SH
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..064228e512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Socket/Makefile.SH
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+: This forces SH files to create target in same directory as SH file.
+: This is so that make depend always knows where to find SH derivatives.
+
+case "$0" in
+*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
+esac
+
+if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+else
+	echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+fi
+
+: Find absolute path name for TOP.  This is needed when we cd to TOP
+: to run perl on autosplit.
+oldpwd=`pwd`; cd $TOP; ABSTOP=`pwd`; cd $oldpwd
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+
+: Find out directory name.  This is also the extension name.
+ext=`pwd | $sed -e 's@.*/@@'`
+
+: This extension might have its own typemap
+if test -f typemap; then
+	exttypemap='typemap'
+else
+	exttypemap=''
+fi
+
+: This extension might need additional libraries.
+potential_libs=" "
+. $TOP/ext/util/extliblist
+
+: This extension might need bootstrap support
+if test -f ${ext}_BS; then
+	bootdep=${ext}_BS
+else
+	bootdep=''
+fi
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_aix*)
+    echo "#!" > $ext.exp
+    echo "boot_$ext" >> $ext.exp
+    ;;
+esac
+
+echo "Extracting ext/$ext/Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
+: This section of the file will have variable substitutions done on it.
+: Move anything that needs config subs from !NO!SUBS! section to !GROK!THIS!.
+: Protect any dollar signs and backticks that you do not want interpreted
+: by putting a backslash in front.  You may delete these comments.
+$spitshell >Makefile << !GROK!THIS!
+#
+# This Makefile is for the $ext extension to perl.
+# 
+CC = $cc
+RANLIB = $ranlib
+TOP = $TOP
+ABSTOP = $ABSTOP
+LDFLAGS = $ldflags
+CLDFLAGS = $ldflags
+SMALL = $small
+LARGE = $large $split
+
+# To use an alternate make, set \$altmake in config.sh.
+MAKE = ${altmake-make}
+
+EXT = $ext
+
+# $ext might have its own typemap
+EXTTYPEMAP = $exttypemap
+
+# $ext might have its own bootstrap support
+BOOTDEP  = $bootdep
+BOOTSTRAP  = $ext.bs
+
+# The following are used to build and install shared libraries for
+# dynamic loading.
+LDDLFLAGS = $lddlflags
+CCDLFLAGS = $ccdlflags
+CCCDLFLAGS = $cccdlflags
+SO = $so
+DLEXT = $dlext
+
+# $ext might need to be linked with some extra libraries.
+# EXTRALIBS =  full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+#		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+# DYNLOADLIBS = list of those libraries that are needed but can be
+#		linked in dynamically on this platform.  On SunOS, for
+#		example, this would be .so* libraries, but not archive
+#		libraries.  The bootstrap file is installed only if
+#		this list is not empty.
+# STATLOADLIBS = list of those libraries which must be statically
+#		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+#		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+#		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+EXTRALIBS = $extralibs
+DYNALOADLIBS  = $dynaloadlibs
+STATLOADLIBS = $statloadlibs
+
+!GROK!THIS!
+
+$spitshell >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
+
+# Where to put things:
+AUTO = $(TOP)/lib/auto
+INSTALLBOOT = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).bs
+INSTALLDYNAMIC = $(AUTO)/$(EXT)/$(EXT).$(DLEXT)
+INSTALLSTATIC = $(EXT).a
+INSTALLPM = $(TOP)/lib/$(EXT).pm
+
+PERL = $(ABSTOP)/miniperl
+XSUBPP = $(TOP)/ext/xsubpp
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CCCMD) $(CCCDLFLAGS) -I$(TOP) $*.c
+
+all:	dynamic
+# Phony target to force checking subdirectories.
+FORCE:
+
+config:
+
+# Target for Dynamic Loading:
+dynamic:	$(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+
+$(INSTALLDYNAMIC): $(EXT).o
+	@test -d $(AUTO) || mkdir $(AUTO)
+	@test -d $(AUTO)/$(EXT) || mkdir $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+	ld $(LDDLFLAGS) -o $@ $(EXT).o $(STATLOADLIBS)
+
+$(BOOTSTRAP):	Makefile $(BOOTDEP)
+	$(PERL) -I$(TOP)/lib $(TOP)/ext/util/mkbootstrap $(DYNALOADLIBS)
+	touch $(BOOTSTRAP)
+
+$(INSTALLBOOT):	$(BOOTSTRAP)
+	@test ! -s $(BOOTSTRAP) || cp $(BOOTSTRAP) $@
+
+# Target for Static Loading:
+static: $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLPM)
+
+$(INSTALLSTATIC):	$(EXT).o
+	ar cr $@ $(EXT).o
+	$(RANLIB) $@
+	echo $(EXTRALIBS) >> $(TOP)/ext.libs
+
+$(EXT).c:	$(EXT).xs $(XSUBPP) $(TOP)/ext/typemap $(EXTTYPEMAP) $(TOP)/cflags Makefile
+	$(PERL) $(XSUBPP) $(EXT).xs >tmp
+	mv tmp $@
+
+$(INSTALLPM):	$(EXT).pm
+	rm -f $@
+	cp $(EXT).pm $@
+	cd $(TOP); $(PERL) autosplit $(EXT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core $(EXT).c so_locations $(BOOTSTRAP) $(EXT).exp
+
+realclean: 	clean
+	rm -f makefile Makefile
+	rm -f $(INSTALLPM) $(INSTALLDYNAMIC) $(INSTALLSTATIC) $(INSTALLBOOT)
+	rm -rf $(AUTO)/$(EXT)
+
+purge:	realclean
+
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/EXTERN.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/perl.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/embed.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/config.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/unixish.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/handy.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/regexp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/sv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/util.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/form.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/gv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/opcode.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/op.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/cop.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/av.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/hv.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/mg.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/scope.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/pp.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/proto.h
+$(EXT).o :	$(TOP)/XSUB.h 
+
+Makefile:	Makefile.SH $(TOP)/config.sh ; /bin/sh Makefile.SH
+$(TOP)/config.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh config_h.SH
+$(TOP)/embed.h:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh embed_h.SH
+$(TOP)/cflags:	$(TOP)/config.sh; cd $(TOP); /bin/sh cflags.SH
+
+!NO!SUBS!
+chmod 644 Makefile
+$eunicefix Makefile
+
diff --git a/ext/Socket/Socket.pm b/ext/Socket/Socket.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a05c0a0a0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Socket/Socket.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package Socket;
+use Carp;
+
+require Exporter;
+require AutoLoader;
+require DynaLoader;
+@ISA = (Exporter, AutoLoader, DynaLoader);
+@EXPORT = qw(
+	AF_802
+	AF_APPLETALK
+	AF_CCITT
+	AF_CHAOS
+	AF_DATAKIT
+	AF_DECnet
+	AF_DLI
+	AF_ECMA
+	AF_GOSIP
+	AF_HYLINK
+	AF_IMPLINK
+	AF_INET
+	AF_LAT
+	AF_MAX
+	AF_NBS
+	AF_NIT
+	AF_NS
+	AF_OSI
+	AF_OSINET
+	AF_PUP
+	AF_SNA
+	AF_UNIX
+	AF_UNSPEC
+	AF_X25
+	MSG_DONTROUTE
+	MSG_MAXIOVLEN
+	MSG_OOB
+	MSG_PEEK
+	PF_802
+	PF_APPLETALK
+	PF_CCITT
+	PF_CHAOS
+	PF_DATAKIT
+	PF_DECnet
+	PF_DLI
+	PF_ECMA
+	PF_GOSIP
+	PF_HYLINK
+	PF_IMPLINK
+	PF_INET
+	PF_LAT
+	PF_MAX
+	PF_NBS
+	PF_NIT
+	PF_NS
+	PF_OSI
+	PF_OSINET
+	PF_PUP
+	PF_SNA
+	PF_UNIX
+	PF_UNSPEC
+	PF_X25
+	SOCK_DGRAM
+	SOCK_RAW
+	SOCK_RDM
+	SOCK_SEQPACKET
+	SOCK_STREAM
+	SOL_SOCKET
+	SOMAXCONN
+	SO_ACCEPTCONN
+	SO_BROADCAST
+	SO_DEBUG
+	SO_DONTLINGER
+	SO_DONTROUTE
+	SO_ERROR
+	SO_KEEPALIVE
+	SO_LINGER
+	SO_OOBINLINE
+	SO_RCVBUF
+	SO_RCVLOWAT
+	SO_RCVTIMEO
+	SO_REUSEADDR
+	SO_SNDBUF
+	SO_SNDLOWAT
+	SO_SNDTIMEO
+	SO_TYPE
+	SO_USELOOPBACK
+);
+
+sub AUTOLOAD {
+    if (@_ > 1) {
+	$AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+    }
+    local($constname);
+    ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
+    $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0);
+    if ($! != 0) {
+	if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
+	    $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
+	    goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
+	}
+	else {
+	    ($pack,$file,$line) = caller;
+	    croak "Your vendor has not defined Socket macro $constname, used";
+	}
+    }
+    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
+    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
+}
+
+bootstrap Socket;
+
+# Preloaded methods go here.  Autoload methods go after __END__, and are
+# processed by the autosplit program.
+
+1;
+__END__
diff --git a/ext/Socket/Socket.xs b/ext/Socket/Socket.xs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a0bf465b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/Socket/Socket.xs
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+#include "EXTERN.h"
+#include "perl.h"
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+
+#ifndef AF_NBS
+#undef PF_NBS
+#endif
+
+#ifndef AF_X25
+#undef PF_X25
+#endif
+
+static int
+not_here(s)
+char *s;
+{
+    croak("Socket::%s not implemented on this architecture", s);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static double
+constant(name, arg)
+char *name;
+int arg;
+{
+    errno = 0;
+    switch (*name) {
+    case 'A':
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_802"))
+#ifdef AF_802
+	    return AF_802;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_APPLETALK"))
+#ifdef AF_APPLETALK
+	    return AF_APPLETALK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_CCITT"))
+#ifdef AF_CCITT
+	    return AF_CCITT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_CHAOS"))
+#ifdef AF_CHAOS
+	    return AF_CHAOS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_DATAKIT"))
+#ifdef AF_DATAKIT
+	    return AF_DATAKIT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_DECnet"))
+#ifdef AF_DECnet
+	    return AF_DECnet;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_DLI"))
+#ifdef AF_DLI
+	    return AF_DLI;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_ECMA"))
+#ifdef AF_ECMA
+	    return AF_ECMA;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_GOSIP"))
+#ifdef AF_GOSIP
+	    return AF_GOSIP;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_HYLINK"))
+#ifdef AF_HYLINK
+	    return AF_HYLINK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_IMPLINK"))
+#ifdef AF_IMPLINK
+	    return AF_IMPLINK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_INET"))
+#ifdef AF_INET
+	    return AF_INET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_LAT"))
+#ifdef AF_LAT
+	    return AF_LAT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_MAX"))
+#ifdef AF_MAX
+	    return AF_MAX;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_NBS"))
+#ifdef AF_NBS
+	    return AF_NBS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_NIT"))
+#ifdef AF_NIT
+	    return AF_NIT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_NS"))
+#ifdef AF_NS
+	    return AF_NS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_OSI"))
+#ifdef AF_OSI
+	    return AF_OSI;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_OSINET"))
+#ifdef AF_OSINET
+	    return AF_OSINET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_PUP"))
+#ifdef AF_PUP
+	    return AF_PUP;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_SNA"))
+#ifdef AF_SNA
+	    return AF_SNA;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_UNIX"))
+#ifdef AF_UNIX
+	    return AF_UNIX;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_UNSPEC"))
+#ifdef AF_UNSPEC
+	    return AF_UNSPEC;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "AF_X25"))
+#ifdef AF_X25
+	    return AF_X25;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'B':
+	break;
+    case 'C':
+	break;
+    case 'D':
+	break;
+    case 'E':
+	break;
+    case 'F':
+	break;
+    case 'G':
+	break;
+    case 'H':
+	break;
+    case 'I':
+	break;
+    case 'J':
+	break;
+    case 'K':
+	break;
+    case 'L':
+	break;
+    case 'M':
+	if (strEQ(name, "MSG_DONTROUTE"))
+#ifdef MSG_DONTROUTE
+	    return MSG_DONTROUTE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "MSG_MAXIOVLEN"))
+#ifdef MSG_MAXIOVLEN
+	    return MSG_MAXIOVLEN;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "MSG_OOB"))
+#ifdef MSG_OOB
+	    return MSG_OOB;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "MSG_PEEK"))
+#ifdef MSG_PEEK
+	    return MSG_PEEK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'N':
+	break;
+    case 'O':
+	break;
+    case 'P':
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_802"))
+#ifdef PF_802
+	    return PF_802;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_APPLETALK"))
+#ifdef PF_APPLETALK
+	    return PF_APPLETALK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_CCITT"))
+#ifdef PF_CCITT
+	    return PF_CCITT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_CHAOS"))
+#ifdef PF_CHAOS
+	    return PF_CHAOS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_DATAKIT"))
+#ifdef PF_DATAKIT
+	    return PF_DATAKIT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_DECnet"))
+#ifdef PF_DECnet
+	    return PF_DECnet;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_DLI"))
+#ifdef PF_DLI
+	    return PF_DLI;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_ECMA"))
+#ifdef PF_ECMA
+	    return PF_ECMA;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_GOSIP"))
+#ifdef PF_GOSIP
+	    return PF_GOSIP;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_HYLINK"))
+#ifdef PF_HYLINK
+	    return PF_HYLINK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_IMPLINK"))
+#ifdef PF_IMPLINK
+	    return PF_IMPLINK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_INET"))
+#ifdef PF_INET
+	    return PF_INET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_LAT"))
+#ifdef PF_LAT
+	    return PF_LAT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_MAX"))
+#ifdef PF_MAX
+	    return PF_MAX;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_NBS"))
+#ifdef PF_NBS
+	    return PF_NBS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_NIT"))
+#ifdef PF_NIT
+	    return PF_NIT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_NS"))
+#ifdef PF_NS
+	    return PF_NS;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_OSI"))
+#ifdef PF_OSI
+	    return PF_OSI;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_OSINET"))
+#ifdef PF_OSINET
+	    return PF_OSINET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_PUP"))
+#ifdef PF_PUP
+	    return PF_PUP;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_SNA"))
+#ifdef PF_SNA
+	    return PF_SNA;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_UNIX"))
+#ifdef PF_UNIX
+	    return PF_UNIX;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_UNSPEC"))
+#ifdef PF_UNSPEC
+	    return PF_UNSPEC;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "PF_X25"))
+#ifdef PF_X25
+	    return PF_X25;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'Q':
+	break;
+    case 'R':
+	break;
+    case 'S':
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOCK_DGRAM"))
+#ifdef SOCK_DGRAM
+	    return SOCK_DGRAM;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOCK_RAW"))
+#ifdef SOCK_RAW
+	    return SOCK_RAW;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOCK_RDM"))
+#ifdef SOCK_RDM
+	    return SOCK_RDM;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOCK_SEQPACKET"))
+#ifdef SOCK_SEQPACKET
+	    return SOCK_SEQPACKET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOCK_STREAM"))
+#ifdef SOCK_STREAM
+	    return SOCK_STREAM;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOL_SOCKET"))
+#ifdef SOL_SOCKET
+	    return SOL_SOCKET;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SOMAXCONN"))
+#ifdef SOMAXCONN
+	    return SOMAXCONN;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_ACCEPTCONN"))
+#ifdef SO_ACCEPTCONN
+	    return SO_ACCEPTCONN;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_BROADCAST"))
+#ifdef SO_BROADCAST
+	    return SO_BROADCAST;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_DEBUG"))
+#ifdef SO_DEBUG
+	    return SO_DEBUG;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_DONTLINGER"))
+#ifdef SO_DONTLINGER
+	    return SO_DONTLINGER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_DONTROUTE"))
+#ifdef SO_DONTROUTE
+	    return SO_DONTROUTE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_ERROR"))
+#ifdef SO_ERROR
+	    return SO_ERROR;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_KEEPALIVE"))
+#ifdef SO_KEEPALIVE
+	    return SO_KEEPALIVE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_LINGER"))
+#ifdef SO_LINGER
+	    return SO_LINGER;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_OOBINLINE"))
+#ifdef SO_OOBINLINE
+	    return SO_OOBINLINE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_RCVBUF"))
+#ifdef SO_RCVBUF
+	    return SO_RCVBUF;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_RCVLOWAT"))
+#ifdef SO_RCVLOWAT
+	    return SO_RCVLOWAT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_RCVTIMEO"))
+#ifdef SO_RCVTIMEO
+	    return SO_RCVTIMEO;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_REUSEADDR"))
+#ifdef SO_REUSEADDR
+	    return SO_REUSEADDR;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_REUSEPORT"))
+#ifdef SO_REUSEPORT
+	    return SO_REUSEPORT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_SNDBUF"))
+#ifdef SO_SNDBUF
+	    return SO_SNDBUF;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_SNDLOWAT"))
+#ifdef SO_SNDLOWAT
+	    return SO_SNDLOWAT;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_SNDTIMEO"))
+#ifdef SO_SNDTIMEO
+	    return SO_SNDTIMEO;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_TYPE"))
+#ifdef SO_TYPE
+	    return SO_TYPE;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	if (strEQ(name, "SO_USELOOPBACK"))
+#ifdef SO_USELOOPBACK
+	    return SO_USELOOPBACK;
+#else
+	    goto not_there;
+#endif
+	break;
+    case 'T':
+	break;
+    case 'U':
+	break;
+    case 'V':
+	break;
+    case 'W':
+	break;
+    case 'X':
+	break;
+    case 'Y':
+	break;
+    case 'Z':
+	break;
+    }
+    errno = EINVAL;
+    return 0;
+
+not_there:
+    errno = ENOENT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+MODULE = Socket		PACKAGE = Socket
+
+double
+constant(name,arg)
+	char *		name
+	int		arg
+
diff --git a/ext/curses/Makefile b/ext/curses/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 107702f303..0000000000
--- a/ext/curses/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-SRC = ..
-GLOBINCS = 
-LOCINCS = 
-LIBS = -lcurses -ltermlib `. $(SRC)/config.sh; echo $$libs`
-
-curseperl: $(SRC)/uperl.o usersub.o curses.o
-	cc $(SRC)/uperl.o usersub.o curses.o $(LIBS) -o curseperl
-
-usersub.o: usersub.c
-	cc -c -I$(SRC) $(GLOBINCS) -DDEBUGGING -g usersub.c
-
-curses.o: curses.c
-	cc -c -I$(SRC) $(GLOBINCS) -DDEBUGGING -g curses.c
-
-curses.c: curses.mus
-	mus curses.mus >curses.c
diff --git a/ext/curses/bsdcurses.mus b/ext/curses/bsdcurses.mus
deleted file mode 100644
index 7129418ab6..0000000000
--- a/ext/curses/bsdcurses.mus
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,698 +0,0 @@
-/* $RCSfile: bsdcurses.mus,v $$Revision: 4.1 $$Date: 92/08/07 18:28:50 $
- *
- * $Log:	bsdcurses.mus,v $
- * Revision 4.1  92/08/07  18:28:50  lwall
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.2  92/06/08  16:05:28  lwall
- * patch20: &getcap eventually dumped core in bsdcurses
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.1  91/11/05  19:04:53  lwall
- * initial checkin
- * 
- * Revision 4.0  91/03/20  01:56:13  lwall
- * 4.0 baseline.
- * 
- * Revision 3.0.1.1  90/08/09  04:05:21  lwall
- * patch19: Initial revision
- * 
- */
-
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-
-char *savestr();
-
-#include <curses.h>
-
-static enum uservars {
-    UV_curscr,
-    UV_stdscr,
-    UV_Def_term,
-    UV_My_term,
-    UV_ttytype,
-    UV_LINES,
-    UV_COLS,
-    UV_ERR,
-    UV_OK,
-};
-
-static enum usersubs {
-    US_addch,
-    US_waddch,
-    US_addstr,
-    US_waddstr,
-    US_box,
-    US_clear,
-    US_wclear,
-    US_clearok,
-    US_clrtobot,
-    US_wclrtobot,
-    US_clrtoeol,
-    US_wclrtoeol,
-    US_delch,
-    US_wdelch,
-    US_deleteln,
-    US_wdeleteln,
-    US_erase,
-    US_werase,
-    US_flushok,
-    US_idlok,
-    US_insch,
-    US_winsch,
-    US_insertln,
-    US_winsertln,
-    US_move,
-    US_wmove,
-    US_overlay,
-    US_overwrite,
-    US_printw,
-    US_wprintw,
-    US_refresh,
-    US_wrefresh,
-    US_standout,
-    US_wstandout,
-    US_standend,
-    US_wstandend,
-    US_cbreak,
-    US_nocbreak,
-    US_echo,
-    US_noecho,
-    US_getch,
-    US_wgetch,
-    US_getstr,
-    US_wgetstr,
-    US_raw,
-    US_noraw,
-    US_scanw,
-    US_wscanw,
-    US_baudrate,
-    US_delwin,
-    US_endwin,
-    US_erasechar,
-    US_getcap,
-    US_getyx,
-    US_inch,
-    US_winch,
-    US_initscr,
-    US_killchar,
-    US_leaveok,
-    US_longname,
-    US_fullname,
-    US_mvwin,
-    US_newwin,
-    US_nl,
-    US_nonl,
-    US_scrollok,
-    US_subwin,
-    US_touchline,
-    US_touchoverlap,
-    US_touchwin,
-    US_unctrl,
-    US_gettmode,
-    US_mvcur,
-    US_scroll,
-    US_savetty,
-    US_resetty,
-    US_setterm,
-    US_tstp,
-    US__putchar,
-    US_testcallback,
-};
-
-static int usersub();
-static int userset();
-static int userval();
-
-int
-init_curses()
-{
-    struct ufuncs uf;
-    char *filename = "curses.c";
-
-    uf.uf_set = userset;
-    uf.uf_val = userval;
-
-#define MAGICVAR(name, ix) uf.uf_index = ix, magicname(name, &uf, sizeof uf)
-
-    MAGICVAR("curscr",	UV_curscr);
-    MAGICVAR("stdscr",	UV_stdscr);
-    MAGICVAR("Def_term",UV_Def_term);
-    MAGICVAR("My_term",	UV_My_term);
-    MAGICVAR("ttytype",	UV_ttytype);
-    MAGICVAR("LINES",	UV_LINES);
-    MAGICVAR("COLS",	UV_COLS);
-    MAGICVAR("ERR",	UV_ERR);
-    MAGICVAR("OK",	UV_OK);
-
-    make_usub("addch",		US_addch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("waddch",		US_waddch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("addstr",		US_addstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("waddstr",	US_waddstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("box",		US_box,		usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clear",		US_clear,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wclear",		US_wclear,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clearok",	US_clearok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clrtobot",	US_clrtobot,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wclrtobot",	US_wclrtobot,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clrtoeol",	US_clrtoeol,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wclrtoeol",	US_wclrtoeol,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("delch",		US_delch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wdelch",		US_wdelch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("deleteln",	US_deleteln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wdeleteln",	US_wdeleteln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("erase",		US_erase,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("werase",		US_werase,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("flushok",	US_flushok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("idlok",		US_idlok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("insch",		US_insch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("winsch",		US_winsch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("insertln",	US_insertln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("winsertln",	US_winsertln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("move",		US_move,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wmove",		US_wmove,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("overlay",	US_overlay,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("overwrite",	US_overwrite,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("printw",		US_printw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wprintw",	US_wprintw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("refresh",	US_refresh,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wrefresh",	US_wrefresh,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("standout",	US_standout,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wstandout",	US_wstandout,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("standend",	US_standend,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wstandend",	US_wstandend,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("cbreak",		US_cbreak,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("nocbreak",	US_nocbreak,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("echo",		US_echo,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("noecho",		US_noecho,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getch",		US_getch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wgetch",		US_wgetch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getstr",		US_getstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wgetstr",	US_wgetstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("raw",		US_raw,		usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("noraw",		US_noraw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("scanw",		US_scanw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wscanw",		US_wscanw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("baudrate",	US_baudrate,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("delwin",		US_delwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("endwin",		US_endwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("erasechar",	US_erasechar,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getcap",		US_getcap,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getyx",		US_getyx,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("inch",		US_inch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("winch",		US_winch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("initscr",	US_initscr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("killchar",	US_killchar,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("leaveok",	US_leaveok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("longname",	US_longname,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("fullname",	US_fullname,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("mvwin",		US_mvwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("newwin",		US_newwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("nl",		US_nl,		usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("nonl",		US_nonl,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("scrollok",	US_scrollok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("subwin",		US_subwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("touchline",	US_touchline,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("touchoverlap",	US_touchoverlap,usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("touchwin",	US_touchwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("unctrl",		US_unctrl,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("gettmode",	US_gettmode,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("mvcur",		US_mvcur,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("scroll",		US_scroll,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("savetty",	US_savetty,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("resetty",	US_resetty,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("setterm",	US_setterm,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("tstp",		US_tstp,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("_putchar",	US__putchar,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("testcallback",	US_testcallback,usersub, filename);
-};
-
-static int
-usersub(ix, sp, items)
-int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    STR **st = stack->ary_array + sp;
-    register int i;
-    register char *tmps;
-    register STR *Str;		/* used in str_get and str_gnum macros */
-
-    switch (ix) {
-CASE int addch
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-CASE int waddch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-CASE int addstr
-I	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int waddstr
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int box
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char		vert
-I	char		hor
-END
-
-CASE int clear
-END
-
-CASE int wclear
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int clearok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE int clrtobot
-END
-
-CASE int wclrtobot
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int clrtoeol
-END
-
-CASE int wclrtoeol
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int delch
-END
-
-CASE int wdelch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int deleteln
-END
-
-CASE int wdeleteln
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int erase
-END
-
-CASE int werase
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int flushok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE int idlok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE int insch
-I	char		c
-END
-
-CASE int winsch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char		c
-END
-
-CASE int insertln
-END
-
-CASE int winsertln
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int move
-I	int		y
-I	int		x
-END
-
-CASE int wmove
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		y
-I	int		x
-END
-
-CASE int overlay
-I	WINDOW*		win1
-I	WINDOW*		win2
-END
-
-CASE int overwrite
-I	WINDOW*		win1
-I	WINDOW*		win2
-END
-
-    case US_printw:
-	if (items < 1)
-	    fatal("Usage: &printw($fmt, $arg1, $arg2, ... )");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    STR*	str =		str_new(0);
-
-	    do_sprintf(str, items, st + 1);
-	    retval = addstr(str->str_ptr);
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-	    str_free(str);
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-    case US_wprintw:
-	if (items < 2)
-	    fatal("Usage: &wprintw($win, $fmt, $arg1, $arg2, ... )");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    STR*	str =		str_new(0);
-	    WINDOW*	win =		*(WINDOW**)	str_get(st[1]);
-
-	    do_sprintf(str, items - 1, st + 1);
-	    retval = waddstr(win, str->str_ptr);
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-	    str_free(str);
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-CASE int refresh
-END
-
-CASE int wrefresh
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int standout
-END
-
-CASE int wstandout
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int standend
-END
-
-CASE int wstandend
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int cbreak
-END
-
-CASE int nocbreak
-END
-
-CASE int echo
-END
-
-CASE int noecho
-END
-
-    case US_getch:
-        if (items != 0)
-            fatal("Usage: &getch()");
-        else {
-            int retval;
-	    char retch;
-
-            retval = getch();
-	    if (retval == EOF)
-		st[0] = &str_undef;
-	    else {
-		retch = retval;
-		str_nset(st[0], &retch, 1);
-	    }
-        }
-        return sp;
-
-    case US_wgetch:
-        if (items != 1)
-            fatal("Usage: &wgetch($win)");
-        else {
-            int retval;
-	    char retch;
-            WINDOW*     win =           *(WINDOW**)     str_get(st[1]);
-
-            retval = wgetch(win);
-	    if (retval == EOF)
-		st[0] = &str_undef;
-	    else {
-		retch = retval;
-		str_nset(st[0], &retch, 1);
-	    }
-        }
-        return sp;
-
-CASE int getstr
-IO	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int wgetstr
-I	WINDOW*		win
-IO	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int raw
-END
-
-CASE int noraw
-END
-
-CASE int baudrate
-END
-
-CASE int delwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int endwin
-END
-
-CASE int erasechar
-END
-
-    case US_getcap:
-	if (items != 1)
-	    fatal("Usage: &getcap($str)");
-	else {
-	    char* retval;
-	    char*	str =		(char*)		str_get(st[1]);
-	    char output[50], *outputp = output;
-
-	    retval = tgetstr(str, &outputp);
-	    str_set(st[0], (char*) retval);
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-    case US_getyx:
-	if (items != 3)
-	    fatal("Usage: &getyx($win, $y, $x)");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    STR*	str =		str_new(0);
-	    WINDOW*	win =		*(WINDOW**)	str_get(st[1]);
-	    int		y;
-	    int		x;
-
-	    do_sprintf(str, items - 1, st + 1);
-	    retval = getyx(win, y, x);
-	    str_numset(st[2], (double)y);
-	    str_numset(st[3], (double)x);
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-	    str_free(str);
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-	
-CASE int inch
-END
-
-CASE int winch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE WINDOW* initscr
-END
-
-CASE int killchar
-END
-
-CASE int leaveok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE char* longname
-I	char*		termbuf
-IO	char*		name
-END
-
-CASE int fullname
-I	char*		termbuf
-IO	char*		name
-END
-
-CASE int mvwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		y
-I	int		x
-END
-
-CASE WINDOW* newwin
-I	int		lines
-I	int		cols
-I	int		begin_y
-I	int		begin_x
-END
-
-CASE int nl
-END
-
-CASE int nonl
-END
-
-CASE int scrollok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE WINDOW* subwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		lines
-I	int		cols
-I	int		begin_y
-I	int		begin_x
-END
-
-CASE int touchline
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		y
-I	int		startx
-I	int		endx
-END
-
-CASE int touchoverlap
-I	WINDOW*		win1
-I	WINDOW*		win2
-END
-
-CASE int touchwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE char* unctrl
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-CASE int gettmode
-END
-
-CASE int mvcur
-I	int		lasty
-I	int		lastx
-I	int		newy
-I	int		newx
-END
-
-CASE int scroll
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int savetty
-END
-
-CASE void resetty
-END
-
-CASE int setterm
-I	char*		name
-END
-
-CASE int tstp
-END
-
-CASE int _putchar
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-    case US_testcallback:
-	sp = callback("callback", sp + items, curcsv->wantarray, 1, items);
-	break;
-
-    default:
-	fatal("Unimplemented user-defined subroutine");
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-userval(ix, str)
-int ix;
-STR *str;
-{
-    switch (ix) {
-    case UV_COLS:
-	str_numset(str, (double)COLS);
-	break;
-    case UV_Def_term:
-	str_set(str, Def_term);
-	break;
-    case UV_ERR:
-	str_numset(str, (double)ERR);
-	break;
-    case UV_LINES:
-	str_numset(str, (double)LINES);
-	break;
-    case UV_My_term:
-	str_numset(str, (double)My_term);
-	break;
-    case UV_OK:
-	str_numset(str, (double)OK);
-	break;
-    case UV_curscr:
-	str_nset(str, &curscr, sizeof(WINDOW*));
-	break;
-    case UV_stdscr:
-	str_nset(str, &stdscr, sizeof(WINDOW*));
-	break;
-    case UV_ttytype:
-	str_set(str, ttytype);
-	break;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int
-userset(ix, str)
-int ix;
-STR *str;
-{
-    switch (ix) {
-    case UV_COLS:
-	COLS = (int)str_gnum(str);
-	break;
-    case UV_Def_term:
-	Def_term = savestr(str_get(str));	/* never freed */
-	break;
-    case UV_LINES:
-	LINES = (int)str_gnum(str);
-	break;
-    case UV_My_term:
-	My_term = (bool)str_gnum(str);
-	break;
-    case UV_ttytype:
-	strcpy(ttytype, str_get(str));		/* hope it fits */
-	break;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
diff --git a/ext/curses/curses.mus b/ext/curses/curses.mus
deleted file mode 100644
index 35510f4da7..0000000000
--- a/ext/curses/curses.mus
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,889 +0,0 @@
-/* $RCSfile: curses.mus,v $$Revision: 4.1 $$Date: 92/08/07 18:28:53 $
- *
- * $Log:	curses.mus,v $
- * Revision 4.1  92/08/07  18:28:53  lwall
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.2  92/06/08  16:06:12  lwall
- * patch20: function key support added to curses.mus
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.1  91/11/05  19:06:19  lwall
- * patch11: usub/curses.mus now supports SysV curses
- * 
- * Revision 4.0  91/03/20  01:56:13  lwall
- * 4.0 baseline.
- * 
- * Revision 3.0.1.1  90/08/09  04:05:21  lwall
- * patch19: Initial revision
- * 
- */
-
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-
-char *savestr();
-
-#undef bool
-#include <curses.h>
-
-#ifndef A_UNDERLINE
-#define NOSETATTR
-#define A_STANDOUT  0x0200
-#define A_UNDERLINE 0x0100
-#define A_REVERSE   0x0200
-#define A_BLINK     0x0400
-#define A_BOLD      0x0800
-#define A_ALTCHARSET 0x1000    
-#define A_NORMAL    0
-#endif
-
-#ifdef USG
-static char *tcbuf = NULL;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef NOSETATTR
-static unsigned curattr = NORMAL;
-#endif
-
-static enum uservars {
-    UV_curscr,
-    UV_stdscr,
-    UV_ttytype,
-    UV_LINES,
-    UV_COLS,
-    UV_ERR,
-    UV_OK,
-#ifdef BSD
-    UV_Def_term,
-    UV_My_term,
-#endif    
-    UV_A_STANDOUT,
-    UV_A_UNDERLINE,
-    UV_A_REVERSE,
-    UV_A_BLINK,
-    UV_A_DIM,
-    UV_A_BOLD,
-    UV_A_NORMAL,
-};
-
-static enum usersubs {
-    US_addch,
-    US_waddch,
-    US_addstr,
-    US_waddstr,
-    US_box,
-    US_clear,
-    US_wclear,
-    US_clearok,
-    US_clrtobot,
-    US_wclrtobot,
-    US_clrtoeol,
-    US_wclrtoeol,
-    US_delch,
-    US_wdelch,
-    US_deleteln,
-    US_wdeleteln,
-    US_erase,
-    US_werase,
-    US_idlok,
-    US_insch,
-    US_winsch,
-    US_insertln,
-    US_winsertln,
-    US_move,
-    US_wmove,
-    US_overlay,
-    US_overwrite,
-    US_refresh,
-    US_wrefresh,
-    US_standout,
-    US_wstandout,
-    US_standend,
-    US_wstandend,
-    US_cbreak,
-    US_nocbreak,
-    US_echo,
-    US_noecho,
-    US_getch,
-    US_wgetch,
-    US_getstr,
-    US_wgetstr,
-    US_raw,
-    US_noraw,
-    US_baudrate,
-    US_delwin,
-    US_endwin,
-    US_erasechar,
-    US_getyx,
-    US_inch,
-    US_winch,
-    US_initscr,
-    US_killchar,
-    US_leaveok,
-    US_longname,
-    US_mvwin,
-    US_newwin,
-    US_nl,
-    US_nonl,
-    US_scrollok,
-    US_subwin,
-    US_touchline,
-    US_touchwin,
-    US_unctrl,
-    US_gettmode,
-    US_mvcur,
-    US_scroll,
-    US_savetty,
-    US_resetty,
-    US_setterm,
-    US_attroff,
-    US_wattroff,
-    US_attron,
-    US_wattron,
-    US_attrset,
-    US_wattrset,
-#ifdef CURSEFMT
-    US_printw, /* remove */
-    US_wprintw, /* remove */
-    US_scanw, 	/* delete */
-    US_wscanw, 	/* delete */
-#endif
-    US_getcap,
-#ifdef BSD
-    US_flushok,
-    US_fullname,
-    US_touchoverlap,
-    US_tstp,
-    US__putchar,
-#endif
-    US_mysub,
-    US_testcallback,
-};
-
-static int usersub();
-static int userset();
-static int userval();
-
-int
-init_curses()
-{
-    struct ufuncs uf;
-    char *filename = "curses.c";
-
-    uf.uf_set = userset;
-    uf.uf_val = userval;
-
-#define MAGICVAR(name, ix) uf.uf_index = ix, magicname(name, &uf, sizeof uf)
-
-    MAGICVAR("curscr",	UV_curscr);
-    MAGICVAR("stdscr",	UV_stdscr);
-    MAGICVAR("ttytype",	UV_ttytype);
-    MAGICVAR("LINES",	UV_LINES);
-    MAGICVAR("COLS",	UV_COLS);
-    MAGICVAR("ERR",	UV_ERR);
-    MAGICVAR("OK",	UV_OK);
-#ifdef BSD
-    MAGICVAR("Def_term",UV_Def_term);
-    MAGICVAR("My_term",	UV_My_term);
-#endif
-    MAGICVAR("A_STANDOUT", UV_A_STANDOUT);
-    MAGICVAR("A_UNDERLINE", UV_A_UNDERLINE);
-    MAGICVAR("A_REVERSE", UV_A_REVERSE);
-    MAGICVAR("A_BLINK", UV_A_BLINK);
-    MAGICVAR("A_DIM", UV_A_DIM);
-    MAGICVAR("A_BOLD", UV_A_BOLD);
-    MAGICVAR("A_NORMAL", UV_A_NORMAL);
-
-    make_usub("addch",		US_addch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("waddch",		US_waddch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("addstr",		US_addstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("waddstr",	US_waddstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("box",		US_box,		usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clear",		US_clear,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wclear",		US_wclear,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clearok",	US_clearok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clrtobot",	US_clrtobot,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wclrtobot",	US_wclrtobot,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("clrtoeol",	US_clrtoeol,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wclrtoeol",	US_wclrtoeol,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("delch",		US_delch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wdelch",		US_wdelch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("deleteln",	US_deleteln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wdeleteln",	US_wdeleteln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("erase",		US_erase,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("werase",		US_werase,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("idlok",		US_idlok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("insch",		US_insch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("winsch",		US_winsch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("insertln",	US_insertln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("winsertln",	US_winsertln,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("move",		US_move,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wmove",		US_wmove,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("overlay",	US_overlay,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("overwrite",	US_overwrite,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("refresh",	US_refresh,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wrefresh",	US_wrefresh,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("standout",	US_standout,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wstandout",	US_wstandout,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("standend",	US_standend,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wstandend",	US_wstandend,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("cbreak",		US_cbreak,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("nocbreak",	US_nocbreak,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("echo",		US_echo,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("noecho",		US_noecho,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getch",		US_getch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wgetch",		US_wgetch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getstr",		US_getstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wgetstr",	US_wgetstr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("raw",		US_raw,		usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("noraw",		US_noraw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("baudrate",	US_baudrate,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("delwin",		US_delwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("endwin",		US_endwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("erasechar",	US_erasechar,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getyx",		US_getyx,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("inch",		US_inch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("winch",		US_winch,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("initscr",	US_initscr,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("killchar",	US_killchar,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("leaveok",	US_leaveok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("longname",	US_longname,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("mvwin",		US_mvwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("newwin",		US_newwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("nl",		US_nl,		usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("nonl",		US_nonl,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("scrollok",	US_scrollok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("subwin",		US_subwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("touchline",	US_touchline,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("touchwin",	US_touchwin,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("unctrl",		US_unctrl,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("gettmode",	US_gettmode,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("mvcur",		US_mvcur,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("scroll",		US_scroll,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("savetty",	US_savetty,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("resetty",	US_resetty,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("setterm",	US_setterm,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("getcap",		US_getcap,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("attroff",        US_attroff,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wattroff",       US_wattroff,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("attron",         US_attron,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wattron",        US_wattron,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("attrset",        US_attrset,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wattrset",       US_wattrset,	usersub, filename);
-#ifdef CURSEFMT
-    make_usub("printw",		US_printw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wprintw",	US_wprintw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("scanw",		US_scanw,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("wscanw",		US_wscanw,	usersub, filename);
-#endif
-#ifdef BSD
-    make_usub("flushok",	US_flushok,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("fullname",	US_fullname,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("touchoverlap",	US_touchoverlap,usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("tstp",		US_tstp,	usersub, filename);
-    make_usub("_putchar",	US__putchar,	usersub, filename);
-#endif
-    make_usub("testcallback",	US_testcallback,usersub, filename);
-  };
-  
-#ifdef USG
-static char
-*getcap(cap)
-register char *cap;
-{
-    static char nocaperr[] = "Cannot read termcap entry.";
-
-    extern char *tgetstr();
-
-    if (tcbuf == NULL) {
-	if ((tcbuf = malloc(1024)) == NULL) {
-	    fatal(nocaperr);
-	}
-	if (tgetent(tcbuf, ttytype) == -1) {
-	    fatal(nocaperr);
-	}
-    }
-
-    return (tgetstr(cap, NULL));
-}
-#endif
-
-#ifdef NOSETATTR
-#define attron(attr)    wattron(stdscr, attr)
-#define attroff(attr)   wattroff(stdscr, attr)
-#define attset(attr)    wattset(stdscr, attr)
-
-int
-wattron(win, attr)
-WINDOW *win;
-chtype attr;
-{
-    curattr |= attr;
-    if (curattr & A_STANDOUT) {
-	return(wstandout(win));
-    } else {
-	return(wstandend(win));
-    }
-}
-
-int
-wattroff(win, attr)
-WINDOW *win;
-chtype attr;
-{
-    curattr &= (~attr);
-    if (curattr & A_STANDOUT) {
-	return(wstandout(win));
-    } else {
-	return(wstandend(win));
-    }
-}
-
-int
-wattrset(win, attr)
-WINDOW *win;
-chtype attr;
-{
-    curattr = attr;
-    if (curattr & A_STANDOUT) {
-	return(wstandout(win));
-    } else {
-	return(wstandend(win));
-    }
-}
-
-#endif
-    
-static int
-usersub(ix, sp, items)
-int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    STR **st = stack->ary_array + sp;
-    register int i;
-    register char *tmps;
-    register STR *Str;		/* used in str_get and str_gnum macros */
-
-    switch (ix) {
-CASE int addch
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-CASE int waddch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-CASE int addstr
-I	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int waddstr
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int box
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char		vert
-I	char		hor
-END
-
-CASE int clear
-END
-
-CASE int wclear
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int clearok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE int clrtobot
-END
-
-CASE int wclrtobot
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int clrtoeol
-END
-
-CASE int wclrtoeol
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int delch
-END
-
-CASE int wdelch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int deleteln
-END
-
-CASE int wdeleteln
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int erase
-END
-
-CASE int werase
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int idlok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE int insch
-I	char		c
-END
-
-CASE int winsch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	char		c
-END
-
-CASE int insertln
-END
-
-CASE int winsertln
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int move
-I	int		y
-I	int		x
-END
-
-CASE int wmove
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		y
-I	int		x
-END
-
-CASE int overlay
-I	WINDOW*		win1
-I	WINDOW*		win2
-END
-
-CASE int overwrite
-I	WINDOW*		win1
-I	WINDOW*		win2
-END
-
-CASE int refresh
-END
-
-CASE int wrefresh
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int standout
-END
-
-CASE int wstandout
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int standend
-END
-
-CASE int wstandend
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int cbreak
-END
-
-CASE int nocbreak
-END
-
-CASE int echo
-END
-
-CASE int noecho
-END
-
-    case US_getch:
-	if (items != 0)
-	    fatal("Usage: &getch()");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    char retch;
-
-	    retval = getch();
-	    if (retval == EOF)
-		st[0] = &str_undef;
-	    else {
-		retch = retval;
-		if (retval > 0377)
-			str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-		else
-			str_nset(st[0], &retch, 1);
-	    }
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-    case US_wgetch:
-	if (items != 1)
-	    fatal("Usage: &wgetch($win)");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    char retch;
-	    WINDOW*     win =           *(WINDOW**)     str_get(st[1]);
-
-	    retval = wgetch(win);
-	    if (retval == EOF)
-		st[0] = &str_undef;
-	    else {
-		retch = retval;
-		if (retval > 0377)
-			str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-		else
-			str_nset(st[0], &retch, 1);
-	    }
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-CASE int getstr
-O	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int wgetstr
-I	WINDOW*		win
-O	char*		str
-END
-
-CASE int raw
-END
-
-CASE int noraw
-END
-
-CASE int baudrate
-END
-
-CASE int delwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int endwin
-END
-
-CASE int erasechar
-END
-
-    case US_getyx:
-	if (items != 3)
-	    fatal("Usage: &getyx($win, $y, $x)");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    STR*	str =		str_new(0);
-	    WINDOW*	win =		*(WINDOW**)	str_get(st[1]);
-	    int		y;
-	    int		x;
-
-	    do_sprintf(str, items - 1, st + 1);
-	    retval = getyx(win, y, x);
-	    str_numset(st[2], (double)y);
-	    str_numset(st[3], (double)x);
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-	    str_free(str);
-	}
-	return sp;
-	
-CASE int inch
-END
-
-CASE int winch
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE WINDOW* initscr
-END
-
-CASE int killchar
-END
-
-CASE int leaveok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-#ifdef BSD
-CASE char* longname
-I	char*		termbuf
-IO	char*		name
-END
-#else
-CASE char* longname
-I	char*		termbug
-I	char*		name
-END
-#endif
-
-CASE int mvwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		y
-I	int		x
-END
-
-CASE WINDOW* newwin
-I	int		lines
-I	int		cols
-I	int		begin_y
-I	int		begin_x
-END
-
-CASE int nl
-END
-
-CASE int nonl
-END
-
-CASE int scrollok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE WINDOW* subwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		lines
-I	int		cols
-I	int		begin_y
-I	int		begin_x
-END
-
-CASE int touchline
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	int		y
-I	int		startx
-I	int		endx
-END
-
-CASE int touchwin
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE char* unctrl
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-CASE int gettmode
-END
-
-CASE int mvcur
-I	int		lasty
-I	int		lastx
-I	int		newy
-I	int		newx
-END
-
-CASE int scroll
-I	WINDOW*		win
-END
-
-CASE int savetty
-END
-
-CASE void resetty
-END
-
-CASE int setterm
-I	char*		name
-END
-
-CASE int attroff
-I       chtype          str
-END
-
-CASE int wattroff
-I       chtype          str
-END
-
-CASE int wattron
-I       chtype          str
-END
-
-CASE int attron
-I       chtype          str
-END
-
-CASE int attrset
-I       chtype          str
-END
-
-CASE int wattrset
-I       chtype          str
-END
-
-#ifdef	CURSEFMT
-    case US_printw:
-	if (items < 1)
-	    fatal("Usage: &printw($fmt, $arg1, $arg2, ... )");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    STR*	str =		str_new(0);
-
-	    do_sprintf(str, items, st + 1);
-	    retval = addstr(str->str_ptr);
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-	    str_free(str);
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-    case US_wprintw:
-	if (items < 2)
-	    fatal("Usage: &wprintw($win, $fmt, $arg1, $arg2, ... )");
-	else {
-	    int retval;
-	    STR*	str =		str_new(0);
-	    WINDOW*	win =		*(WINDOW**)	str_get(st[1]);
-
-	    do_sprintf(str, items - 1, st + 1);
-	    retval = waddstr(win, str->str_ptr);
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-	    str_free(str);
-	}
-	return sp;
-
-#endif
-
-CASE char* getcap
-I	char*		str
-END
-
-#ifdef BSD
-CASE int flushok
-I	WINDOW*		win
-I	bool		boolf
-END
-
-CASE int fullname
-I	char*		termbuf
-IO	char*		name
-END
-
-CASE int touchoverlap
-I	WINDOW*		win1
-I	WINDOW*		win2
-END
-
-CASE int tstp
-END
-
-CASE int _putchar
-I	char		ch
-END
-
-    case US_testcallback:
-	sp = callback("callback", sp + items, curcsv->wantarray, 1, items);
-	break;
-
-#endif
-
-    default:
-	fatal("Unimplemented user-defined subroutine");
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-userval(ix, str)
-int ix;
-STR *str;
-{
-    switch (ix) {
-    case UV_COLS:
-	str_numset(str, (double)COLS);
-	break;
-    case UV_ERR:
-	str_numset(str, (double)ERR);
-	break;
-    case UV_LINES:
-	str_numset(str, (double)LINES);
-	break;
-    case UV_OK:
-	str_numset(str, (double)OK);
-	break;
-    case UV_curscr:
-	str_nset(str, &curscr, sizeof(WINDOW*));
-	break;
-    case UV_stdscr:
-	str_nset(str, &stdscr, sizeof(WINDOW*));
-	break;
-    case UV_ttytype:
-	str_set(str, ttytype);
-	break;
-#ifdef BSD
-    case UV_Def_term:
-	str_set(str, Def_term);
-	break;
-    case UV_My_term:
-	str_numset(str, (double)My_term);
-	break;
-#endif
-    case UV_A_STANDOUT:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_STANDOUT);
-	break;
-    case UV_A_UNDERLINE:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_UNDERLINE);
-	break;
-    case UV_A_REVERSE:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_REVERSE);
-	break;
-    case UV_A_BLINK:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_BLINK);
-	break;
-    case UV_A_DIM:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_DIM);
-	break;
-    case UV_A_BOLD:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_BOLD);
-	break;
-    case UV_A_NORMAL:
-	str_numset(str, (double)A_NORMAL);
-	break;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int
-userset(ix, str)
-int ix;
-STR *str;
-{
-    switch (ix) {
-    case UV_COLS:
-	COLS = (int)str_gnum(str);
-	break;
-    case UV_LINES:
-	LINES = (int)str_gnum(str);
-	break;
-    case UV_ttytype:
-	strcpy(ttytype, str_get(str));		/* hope it fits */
-#ifdef USG
-	if (tcbuf != NULL) {
-	    free(tcbuf);
-	    tcbuf = NULL;
-	}
-#endif	
-	break;
-#ifdef BSD
-    case UV_Def_term:
-	Def_term = savestr(str_get(str));	/* never freed */
-	break;
-    case UV_My_term:
-	My_term = (bool)str_gnum(str);
-	break;
-#endif
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
diff --git a/ext/curses/pager b/ext/curses/pager
deleted file mode 100644
index 407bc50670..0000000000
--- a/ext/curses/pager
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-#!./curseperl
-
-eval <<'EndOfMain';   $evaloffset = __LINE__;
-
-    $SIG{'INT'} = 'endit';
-    $| = 1;		# command buffering on stdout
-    &initterm;
-    &inithelp;
-    &slurpfile && &pagearray;
-
-EndOfMain
-
-&endit;
-
-################################################################################
-
-sub initterm {
-
-    &initscr; &cbreak; &noecho; &scrollok($stdscr, 1);
-    &defbell unless defined &bell;
-
-    $lines = $LINES; $lines1 = $lines - 1; $lines2 = $lines - 2;
-    $cols = $COLS;   $cols1  = $cols  - 1; $cols2  = $cols  - 2;;
-
-    $dl = &getcap('dl');
-    $al = &getcap('al');
-    $ho = &getcap('ho');
-    $ce = &getcap('ce');
-}
-
-sub slurpfile {
-    while (<>) {
-	s/^(\t+)/'        ' x length($1)/e;
-	&expand($_) if /\t/;
-	if (length($_) < $cols) {
-	    push(@lines, $_);
-	}
-	else {
-	    while ($_ && $_ ne "\n") {
-		push(@lines, substr($_,0,$cols));
-		substr($_,0,$cols) = '';
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    1;
-}
-
-sub drawscreen {
-    &move(0,0);
-    for ($line .. $line + $lines2) {
-	&addstr($lines[$_]);
-    }
-    &clrtobot;
-    &percent;
-    &refresh;
-}
-
-sub expand {
-    while (($off = index($_[0],"\t")) >= 0) {
-	substr($_[0], $off, 1) = ' ' x (8 - $off % 8);
-    }
-}
-
-sub pagearray {
-    $line = 0;
-
-    $| = 1;
-
-    for (&drawscreen;;&drawscreen) {
-
-	$ch = &getch;
-	$ch = 'j' if $ch eq "\n";
-
-	if ($ch eq ' ') {
-	    last if $percent >= 100;
-	    &move(0,0);
-	    $line += $lines1;
-	}
-	elsif ($ch eq 'b') {
-	    $line -= $lines1;
-	    &move(0,0);
-	    $line = 0 if $line < 0;
-	}
-	elsif ($ch eq 'j') {
-	    next if $percent >= 100;
-	    $line += 1;
-	    if ($dl && $ho) {
-		print $ho, $dl;
-		&mvcur(0,0,$lines2,0);
-		print $ce,$lines[$line+$lines2],$ce;
-		&wmove($curscr,0,0);
-		&wdeleteln($curscr);
-		&wmove($curscr,$lines2,0);
-		&waddstr($curscr,$lines[$line+$lines2]);
-	    }
-	    &wmove($stdscr,0,0);
-	    &wdeleteln($stdscr);
-	    &wmove($stdscr,$lines2,0);
-	    &waddstr($stdscr,$lines[$line+$lines2]);
-	    &percent;
-	    &refresh;
-	    redo;
-	}
-	elsif ($ch eq 'k') {
-	    next if $line <= 0;
-	    $line -= 1;
-	    if ($al && $ho && $ce) {
-		print $ho, $al, $ce, $lines[$line];
-		&wmove($curscr,0,0);
-		&winsertln($curscr);
-		&waddstr($curscr,$lines[$line]);
-	    }
-	    &wmove($stdscr,0,0);
-	    &winsertln($stdscr);
-	    &waddstr($stdscr,$lines[$line]);
-	    &percent;
-	    &refresh;
-	    redo;
-	}
-	elsif ($ch eq "\f") {
-	    &clear;
-	}
-	elsif ($ch eq 'q') {
-	    last;
-	}
-	elsif ($ch eq 'h') {
-	    &clear;
-	    &help;
-	    &clear;
-	}
-	else {
-	    &bell;
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-sub defbell {
-    eval q#
-	sub bell {
-	    print "\007";
-	}
-    #;
-}
-
-sub help {
-    local(*lines) = *helplines;
-    local($line);
-    &pagearray;
-}
-
-sub inithelp {
-    @helplines = split(/\n/,<<'EOT');
-
-  h              Display this help.
-  q              Exit.
-
-  SPACE          Forward  screen.
-  b              Backward screen.
-  j, CR          Forward  1 line.
-  k              Backward 1 line.
-  FF             Repaint screen.
-EOT
-    for (@helplines) {
-	s/$/\n/;
-    }
-}
-
-sub percent {
-    &standout;
-      $percent = int(($line + $lines1) * 100 / @lines);
-      &move($lines1,0);
-      &addstr("($percent%)");
-    &standend;
-    &clrtoeol;
-}
-
-sub endit {
-    &move($lines1,0);
-    &clrtoeol;
-    &refresh;
-    &endwin;
-
-    if ($@) {
-	print "";				# force flush of stdout
-	$@ =~ s/\(eval\)/$0/ && $@ =~ s/line (\d+)/'line ' . ($1 + $evaloffset)/e;
-	die $@;
-    }
-
-    exit;
-}
diff --git a/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.c b/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f940a594cc..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,310 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include <gdbm.h>
-
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-typedef GDBM_FILE GDBM_File;
-
-#define gdbm_new(dbtype, name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func) \
-	gdbm_open(name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func)
-
-typedef datum gdatum;
-
-typedef void (*FATALFUNC)();
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_new(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 5 || items > 6) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::new(dbtype, name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak)");
-    }
-    {
-	char *	dbtype = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	char *	name = SvPV(ST(2),na);
-	int	block_size = (int)SvIV(ST(3));
-	int	read_write = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	int	mode = (int)SvIV(ST(5));
-	FATALFUNC	fatal_func;
-	GDBM_File	RETVAL;
-
-	if (items < 6)
-	    fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak;
-	else {
-	    fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)SvPV(ST(6),na);
-	}
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_new(dbtype, name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setptrobj(ST(0), RETVAL, "GDBM_File");
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_open(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 4 || items > 5) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::open(name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak)");
-    }
-    {
-	char *	name = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	int	block_size = (int)SvIV(ST(2));
-	int	read_write = (int)SvIV(ST(3));
-	int	mode = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	FATALFUNC	fatal_func;
-	GDBM_File	RETVAL;
-
-	if (items < 5)
-	    fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak;
-	else {
-	    fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)SvPV(ST(5),na);
-	}
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_open(name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setptrobj(ST(0), RETVAL, "GDBM_File");
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_close(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::close(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	gdbm_close(db);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_DESTROY(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::DESTROY(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-	gdbm_close(db);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_fetch(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::fetch(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	gdatum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_fetch(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_usepvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_store(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 3 || items > 4) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::store(db, key, value, flags = GDBM_REPLACE)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	value;
-	int	flags;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	value.dptr = SvPV(ST(3), value.dsize);;
-
-	if (items < 4)
-	    flags = GDBM_REPLACE;
-	else {
-	    flags = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	}
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_store(db, key, value, flags);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_delete(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::delete(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_delete(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_firstkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::firstkey(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-	gdatum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_firstkey(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_usepvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_nextkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::nextkey(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	gdatum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_nextkey(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_usepvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_reorganize(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: GDBM_File::reorganize(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	GDBM_File	db;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "GDBM_File"))
-	    db = (GDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type GDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = gdbm_reorganize(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-int boot_GDBM_File(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::new", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_new, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::open", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_open, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::close", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_close, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::DESTROY", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_DESTROY, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::fetch", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_fetch, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::store", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_store, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::delete", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_delete, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::firstkey", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_firstkey, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::nextkey", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_nextkey, file);
-    newXSUB("GDBM_File::reorganize", 0, XS_GDBM_File_gdbm_reorganize, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.xs b/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.xs
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c619cbe42..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.xs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include <gdbm.h>
-
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-typedef GDBM_FILE GDBM_File;
-
-#define gdbm_new(dbtype, name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func) \
-	gdbm_open(name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func)
-
-typedef datum gdatum;
-
-typedef void (*FATALFUNC)();
-
-MODULE = GDBM_File	PACKAGE = GDBM_File	PREFIX = gdbm_
-
-GDBM_File
-gdbm_new(dbtype, name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak)
-	char *		dbtype
-	char *		name
-	int		block_size
-	int		read_write
-	int		mode
-	FATALFUNC	fatal_func
-
-GDBM_File
-gdbm_open(name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)croak)
-	char *		name
-	int		block_size
-	int		read_write
-	int		mode
-	FATALFUNC	fatal_func
-
-void
-gdbm_close(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	CLEANUP:
-
-void
-gdbm_DESTROY(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	CODE:
-	gdbm_close(db);
-
-gdatum
-gdbm_fetch(db, key)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-gdbm_store(db, key, value, flags = GDBM_REPLACE)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-	datum		value
-	int		flags
-
-int
-gdbm_delete(db, key)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-gdatum
-gdbm_firstkey(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-
-gdatum
-gdbm_nextkey(db, key)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-gdbm_reorganize(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-
diff --git a/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.xs.bak b/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.xs.bak
deleted file mode 100644
index 03b86c5739..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/GDBM_File.xs.bak
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include <gdbm.h>
-
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-typedef GDBM_FILE GDBM_File;
-
-#define gdbm_new(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) \
-	gdbm_open(filename, 0, flags & O_CREAT ? GDBM_WRCREAT : GDBM_WRITER, \
-			mode, fatal)
-
-typedef datum gdatum;
-
-typedef struct gdbm_file_desc {
-    GDBM_File	ptr;
-    SV*		curkey;
-} GDBM_FILE_DESC;
-
-GDBM_FILE_DESC* GDBM_File_desc;
-
-GDBM_FILE_DESC*
-newGDBM_FILE_DESC(ptr)
-void* ptr;
-{
-    New(0, GDBM_File_desc, 1, GDBM_FILE_DESC);
-    GDBM_File_desc->ptr = ptr;
-    GDBM_File_desc->curkey = 0;
-    return GDBM_File_desc;
-}
-
-void
-deleteGDBM_FILE_DESC()
-{
-    sv_free(GDBM_File_desc->curkey);
-    Safefree(GDBM_File_desc);
-}
-
-typedef void (*FATALFUNC)();
-
-static datum
-get_current_key()
-{
-    datum key;
-    key.dptr = SvPVn( GDBM_File_desc->curkey, key.dsize);
-    return key;
-}
-
-static void
-set_current_key(sv)
-SV *sv;
-{
-    sv_free(GDBM_File_desc->curkey);
-    GDBM_File_desc->curkey = sv_ref(sv);
-}
-
-
-MODULE = GDBM_File	PACKAGE = GDBM_File	PREFIX = gdbm_
-
-GDBM_File
-gdbm_new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
-	char *		dbtype
-	char *		filename
-	int		flags
-	int		mode
-
-GDBM_File
-gdbm_open(name, block_size, read_write, mode, fatal_func = (FATALFUNC)fatal)
-	char *		name
-	int		block_size
-	int		read_write
-	int		mode
-	FATALFUNC	fatal_func
-
-void
-gdbm_close(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	CLEANUP:
-	deleteGDBM_FILE_DESC();
-
-void
-gdbm_DESTROY(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	CODE:
-	gdbm_close(db);
-	deleteGDBM_FILE_DESC();
-
-gdatum
-gdbm_fetch(db, key)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-gdbm_store(db, key, value, flags = GDBM_REPLACE)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-	datum		value
-	int		flags
-
-int
-gdbm_delete(db, key)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-gdatum
-gdbm_firstkey(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-	CLEANUP:
-	set_current_key(ST(0));
-
-gdatum
-gdbm_nextkey(db, key = get_current_key())
-	GDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-	CLEANUP:
-	set_current_key(ST(0));
-
-int
-gdbm_reorganize(db)
-	GDBM_File	db
-
diff --git a/ext/dbm/Makefile b/ext/dbm/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 970724dd2a..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-all: NDBM_File.c ODBM_File.c GDBM_File.c SDBM_File.c
-
-NDBM_File.c: NDBM_File.xs
-	../xsubpp NDBM_File.xs >NDBM_File.c
-
-SDBM_File.c: SDBM_File.xs
-	../xsubpp SDBM_File.xs >SDBM_File.c
-
-SDBM_File.o: SDBM_File.c
-	cc -g -I../.. -pic -c SDBM_File.c
-
-SDBM_File.so: SDBM_File.o sdbm/libsdbm.a
-	ld -o SDBM_File.so SDBM_File.o sdbm/libsdbm.a
-
-ODBM_File.c: ODBM_File.xs
-	../xsubpp ODBM_File.xs >ODBM_File.c
-
-GDBM_File.c: GDBM_File.xs
-	../xsubpp GDBM_File.xs >GDBM_File.c
-
diff --git a/ext/dbm/NDBM_File.c b/ext/dbm/NDBM_File.c
deleted file mode 100644
index b321ac4252..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/NDBM_File.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,267 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include <ndbm.h>
-
-typedef DBM* NDBM_File;
-#define dbm_new(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) dbm_open(filename,flags,mode)
-#define nextkey(db,key) dbm_nextkey(db)
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_new(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 4 || items > 4) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)");
-    }
-    {
-	char *	dbtype = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	char *	filename = SvPV(ST(2),na);
-	int	flags = (int)SvIV(ST(3));
-	int	mode = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	NDBM_File	RETVAL;
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setptrobj(ST(0), RETVAL, "NDBM_File");
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_DESTROY(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::DESTROY(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-	dbm_close(db);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_fetch(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::fetch(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_fetch(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_store(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 3 || items > 4) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::store(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	value;
-	int	flags;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	value.dptr = SvPV(ST(3), value.dsize);;
-
-	if (items < 4)
-	    flags = DBM_REPLACE;
-	else {
-	    flags = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	}
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_store(db, key, value, flags);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_delete(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::delete(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_delete(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_firstkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::firstkey(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_firstkey(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_nextkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::nextkey(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = nextkey(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_error(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::error(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_error(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_NDBM_File_dbm_clearerr(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	fatal("Usage: NDBM_File::clearerr(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	NDBM_File	db;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "NDBM_File"))
-	    db = (NDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvANY(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    fatal("db is not of type NDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = dbm_clearerr(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-int init_NDBM_File(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::new", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_new, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::DESTROY", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_DESTROY, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::fetch", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_fetch, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::store", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_store, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::delete", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_delete, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::firstkey", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_firstkey, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::nextkey", 0, XS_NDBM_File_nextkey, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::error", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_error, file);
-    newXSUB("NDBM_File::clearerr", 0, XS_NDBM_File_dbm_clearerr, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dbm/NDBM_File.xs b/ext/dbm/NDBM_File.xs
deleted file mode 100644
index 5f4f78b974..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/NDBM_File.xs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include <ndbm.h>
-
-typedef DBM* NDBM_File;
-#define dbm_new(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) dbm_open(filename,flags,mode)
-#define nextkey(db,key) dbm_nextkey(db)
-
-MODULE = NDBM_File	PACKAGE = NDBM_File	PREFIX = dbm_
-
-NDBM_File
-dbm_new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
-	char *		dbtype
-	char *		filename
-	int		flags
-	int		mode
-
-void
-dbm_DESTROY(db)
-	NDBM_File	db
-	CODE:
-	dbm_close(db);
-
-datum
-dbm_fetch(db, key)
-	NDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-dbm_store(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)
-	NDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-	datum		value
-	int		flags
-
-int
-dbm_delete(db, key)
-	NDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-datum
-dbm_firstkey(db)
-	NDBM_File	db
-
-datum
-nextkey(db, key)
-	NDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-dbm_error(db)
-	NDBM_File	db
-
-int
-dbm_clearerr(db)
-	NDBM_File	db
-
diff --git a/ext/dbm/ODBM_File.c b/ext/dbm/ODBM_File.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 1aea2cec53..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/ODBM_File.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,246 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-
-#ifdef NULL
-#undef NULL
-#endif
-#include <dbm.h>
-
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-typedef void* ODBM_File;
-
-#define odbm_fetch(db,key)			fetch(key)
-#define odbm_store(db,key,value,flags)		store(key,value)
-#define odbm_delete(db,key)			delete(key)
-#define odbm_firstkey(db)			firstkey()
-#define odbm_nextkey(db,key)			nextkey(key)
-
-static int dbmrefcnt;
-
-#define DBM_REPLACE 0
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_odbm_new(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 4 || items > 4) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)");
-    }
-    {
-	char *	dbtype = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	char *	filename = SvPV(ST(2),na);
-	int	flags = (int)SvIV(ST(3));
-	int	mode = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	ODBM_File	RETVAL;
-	{
-	    char tmpbuf[1025];
-	    if (dbmrefcnt++)
-		croak("Old dbm can only open one database");
-	    sprintf(tmpbuf,"%s.dir",filename);
-	    if (stat(tmpbuf, &statbuf) < 0) {
-		if (flags & O_CREAT) {
-		    if (mode < 0 || close(creat(tmpbuf,mode)) < 0)
-			croak("ODBM_File: Can't create %s", filename);
-		    sprintf(tmpbuf,"%s.pag",filename);
-		    if (close(creat(tmpbuf,mode)) < 0)
-			croak("ODBM_File: Can't create %s", filename);
-		}
-		else
-		    croak("ODBM_FILE: Can't open %s", filename);
-	    }
-	    RETVAL = (void*)(dbminit(filename) >= 0 ? &dbmrefcnt : 0);
-	    ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	    sv_setptrobj(ST(0), RETVAL, "ODBM_File");
-	}
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_DESTROY(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::DESTROY(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	ODBM_File	db;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "ODBM_File"))
-	    db = (ODBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type ODBM_File");
-	dbmrefcnt--;
-	dbmclose();
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_odbm_fetch(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::fetch(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	ODBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "ODBM_File"))
-	    db = (ODBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type ODBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = odbm_fetch(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_odbm_store(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 3 || items > 4) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::store(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)");
-    }
-    {
-	ODBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	value;
-	int	flags;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "ODBM_File"))
-	    db = (ODBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type ODBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	value.dptr = SvPV(ST(3), value.dsize);;
-
-	if (items < 4)
-	    flags = DBM_REPLACE;
-	else {
-	    flags = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	}
-
-	RETVAL = odbm_store(db, key, value, flags);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_odbm_delete(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::delete(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	ODBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "ODBM_File"))
-	    db = (ODBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type ODBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = odbm_delete(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_odbm_firstkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::firstkey(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	ODBM_File	db;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "ODBM_File"))
-	    db = (ODBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type ODBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = odbm_firstkey(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_ODBM_File_odbm_nextkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: ODBM_File::nextkey(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	ODBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "ODBM_File"))
-	    db = (ODBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type ODBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = odbm_nextkey(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-int boot_ODBM_File(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::new", 0, XS_ODBM_File_odbm_new, file);
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::DESTROY", 0, XS_ODBM_File_DESTROY, file);
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::fetch", 0, XS_ODBM_File_odbm_fetch, file);
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::store", 0, XS_ODBM_File_odbm_store, file);
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::delete", 0, XS_ODBM_File_odbm_delete, file);
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::firstkey", 0, XS_ODBM_File_odbm_firstkey, file);
-    newXSUB("ODBM_File::nextkey", 0, XS_ODBM_File_odbm_nextkey, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.c b/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.c
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb2..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.c
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.c.bak b/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.c.bak
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fedb383d..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.c.bak
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,267 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include "ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.h"
-
-typedef DBM* SDBM_File;
-#define sdbm_new(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) sdbm_open(filename,flags,mode)
-#define nextkey(db,key) sdbm_nextkey(db)
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_new(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 4 || items > 4) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)");
-    }
-    {
-	char *	dbtype = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	char *	filename = SvPV(ST(2),na);
-	int	flags = (int)SvIV(ST(3));
-	int	mode = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	SDBM_File	RETVAL;
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setptrobj(ST(0), RETVAL, "SDBM_File");
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_DESTROY(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::DESTROY(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-
-	if (SvROK(ST(1)))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not a reference");
-	sdbm_close(db);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_fetch(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::fetch(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_fetch(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_store(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 3 || items > 4) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::store(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	value;
-	int	flags;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	value.dptr = SvPV(ST(3), value.dsize);;
-
-	if (items < 4)
-	    flags = DBM_REPLACE;
-	else {
-	    flags = (int)SvIV(ST(4));
-	}
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_store(db, key, value, flags);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_delete(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::delete(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_delete(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_firstkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::firstkey(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_firstkey(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_nextkey(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 2 || items > 2) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::nextkey(db, key)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	datum	key;
-	datum	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	key.dptr = SvPV(ST(2), key.dsize);;
-
-	RETVAL = nextkey(db, key);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setpvn(ST(0), RETVAL.dptr, RETVAL.dsize);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_error(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::error(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_error(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-static int
-XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_clearerr(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: SDBM_File::clearerr(db)");
-    }
-    {
-	SDBM_File	db;
-	int	RETVAL;
-
-	if (sv_isa(ST(1), "SDBM_File"))
-	    db = (SDBM_File)(unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV(ST(1)));
-	else
-	    croak("db is not of type SDBM_File");
-
-	RETVAL = sdbm_clearerr(db);
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	sv_setiv(ST(0), (I32)RETVAL);
-    }
-    return sp;
-}
-
-int boot_SDBM_File(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::new", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_new, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::DESTROY", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_DESTROY, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::fetch", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_fetch, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::store", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_store, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::delete", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_delete, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::firstkey", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_firstkey, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::nextkey", 0, XS_SDBM_File_nextkey, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::error", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_error, file);
-    newXSUB("SDBM_File::clearerr", 0, XS_SDBM_File_sdbm_clearerr, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.so b/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.so
deleted file mode 100755
index 87f4749b2c..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.so
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.xs b/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.xs
deleted file mode 100644
index 25cb67c1fc..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/SDBM_File.xs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-#include "ext/dbm/sdbm/sdbm.h"
-
-typedef DBM* SDBM_File;
-#define sdbm_new(dbtype,filename,flags,mode) sdbm_open(filename,flags,mode)
-#define nextkey(db,key) sdbm_nextkey(db)
-
-MODULE = SDBM_File	PACKAGE = SDBM_File	PREFIX = sdbm_
-
-SDBM_File
-sdbm_new(dbtype, filename, flags, mode)
-	char *		dbtype
-	char *		filename
-	int		flags
-	int		mode
-
-void
-sdbm_DESTROY(db)
-	SDBM_File	db
-	CODE:
-	sdbm_close(db);
-
-datum
-sdbm_fetch(db, key)
-	SDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-sdbm_store(db, key, value, flags = DBM_REPLACE)
-	SDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-	datum		value
-	int		flags
-
-int
-sdbm_delete(db, key)
-	SDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-datum
-sdbm_firstkey(db)
-	SDBM_File	db
-
-datum
-nextkey(db, key)
-	SDBM_File	db
-	datum		key
-
-int
-sdbm_error(db)
-	SDBM_File	db
-
-int
-sdbm_clearerr(db)
-	SDBM_File	db
-
diff --git a/ext/dbm/perl b/ext/dbm/perl
deleted file mode 120000
index 899dc46edb..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/perl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-../../perl
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/.pure b/ext/dbm/sdbm/.pure
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb2..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/.pure
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/.r b/ext/dbm/sdbm/.r
deleted file mode 100755
index c72dbf15f5..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/.r
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5884 +0,0 @@
-if test -f 'CHANGES' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'CHANGES'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'CHANGES'\" \(900 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'CHANGES' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-XChanges from the earlier BETA releases.
-X
-Xo dbm_prep does everything now, so dbm_open is just a simple
-X  wrapper that builds the default filenames. dbm_prep no longer
-X  requires a (DBM *) db parameter: it allocates one itself. It
-X  returns (DBM *) db or (DBM *) NULL.
-X
-Xo makroom is now reliable. In the common-case optimization of the page
-X  split, the page into which the incoming key/value pair is to be inserted
-X  is write-deferred (if the split is successful), thereby saving a cosly
-X  write.  BUT, if the split does not make enough room (unsuccessful), the
-X  deferred page is written out, as the failure-window is now dependent on
-X  the number of split attempts.
-X
-Xo if -DDUFF is defined, hash function will also use the DUFF construct.
-X  This may look like a micro-performance tweak (maybe it is), but in fact,
-X  the hash function is the third most-heavily used function, after read
-X  and write.
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 900 -ne `wc -c <'CHANGES'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'CHANGES'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'CHANGES'
-fi
-if test -f 'COMPARE' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'COMPARE'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'COMPARE'\" \(2832 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'COMPARE' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X
-XScript started on Thu Sep 28 15:41:06 1989
-X% uname -a
-Xtitan titan 4_0 UMIPS mips
-X% make all x-dbm
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -c dbm.c
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -c sdbm.c
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -c pair.c
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -c hash.c
-X        ar cr libsdbm.a sdbm.o pair.o hash.o
-X        ranlib libsdbm.a
-X        cc  -o dbm dbm.o libsdbm.a
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -c dba.c
-X        cc  -o dba dba.o
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -c dbd.c
-X        cc  -o dbd dbd.o
-X        cc -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DDUPERROR -DSPLITFAIL -o x-dbm dbm.o
-X% 
-X% 
-X% wc history
-X  65110 218344 3204883 history
-X% 
-X% /bin/time dbm build foo <history
-X
-Xreal     5:56.9
-Xuser       13.3
-Xsys        26.3
-X% ls -s
-Xtotal 14251
-X   5 README           2 dbd.c            1 hash.c           1 pair.h
-X   0 SCRIPT           5 dbd.o            1 hash.o           5 pair.o
-X   1 WISHLIST        62 dbm           3130 history          1 port.h
-X  46 dba              5 dbm.c           11 howtodbm.txt    11 sdbm.c
-X   3 dba.c            8 dbm.o           14 libsdbm.a        2 sdbm.h
-X   6 dba.o            4 foo.dir          1 makefile         8 sdbm.o
-X  46 dbd           10810 foo.pag         6 pair.c          60 x-dbm
-X% ls -l foo.*
-X-rw-r--r--  1 oz           4096 Sep 28 15:48 foo.dir
-X-rw-r--r--  1 oz       11069440 Sep 28 15:48 foo.pag
-X% 
-X% /bin/time x-dbm build bar <history
-X
-Xreal     5:59.4
-Xuser       24.7
-Xsys        29.1
-X% 
-X% ls -s
-Xtotal 27612
-X   5 README          46 dbd              1 hash.c           5 pair.o
-X   1 SCRIPT           2 dbd.c            1 hash.o           1 port.h
-X   1 WISHLIST         5 dbd.o         3130 history         11 sdbm.c
-X   4 bar.dir         62 dbm             11 howtodbm.txt     2 sdbm.h
-X13356 bar.pag         5 dbm.c           14 libsdbm.a        8 sdbm.o
-X  46 dba              8 dbm.o            1 makefile        60 x-dbm
-X   3 dba.c            4 foo.dir          6 pair.c
-X   6 dba.o         10810 foo.pag         1 pair.h
-X% 
-X% ls -l bar.*
-X-rw-r--r--  1 oz           4096 Sep 28 15:54 bar.dir
-X-rw-r--r--  1 oz       13676544 Sep 28 15:54 bar.pag
-X% 
-X% dba foo | tail
-X#10801: ok. no entries.
-X#10802: ok. no entries.
-X#10803: ok. no entries.
-X#10804: ok. no entries.
-X#10805: ok. no entries.
-X#10806: ok. no entries.
-X#10807: ok. no entries.
-X#10808: ok. no entries.
-X#10809: ok.  11 entries 67% used free 337.
-X10810 pages (6036 holes):  65073 entries
-X% 
-X% dba bar | tail
-X#13347: ok. no entries.
-X#13348: ok. no entries.
-X#13349: ok. no entries.
-X#13350: ok. no entries.
-X#13351: ok. no entries.
-X#13352: ok. no entries.
-X#13353: ok. no entries.
-X#13354: ok. no entries.
-X#13355: ok.   7 entries 33% used free 676.
-X13356 pages (8643 holes):  65073 entries
-X%
-X% exit
-Xscript done on Thu Sep 28 16:08:45 1989
-X
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 2832 -ne `wc -c <'COMPARE'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'COMPARE'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'COMPARE'
-fi
-if test -f 'README' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'README'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'README'\" \(11457 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'README' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X                   sdbm - Substitute DBM
-X                             or
-X        Berkeley ndbm for Every UN*X[1] Made Simple
-X
-X                      Ozan (oz) Yigit
-X
-X            The Guild of PD Software Toolmakers
-X                      Toronto - Canada
-X
-X                     oz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X
-X
-X
-XImplementation is the sincerest form of flattery. - L. Peter
-XDeutsch
-X
-XA The Clone of the ndbm library
-X
-X     The sources accompanying this notice - sdbm  -  consti-
-Xtute  the  first  public  release  (Dec. 1990) of a complete
-Xclone of the Berkeley UN*X ndbm library. The sdbm library is
-Xmeant  to  clone the proven functionality of ndbm as closely
-Xas possible, including a few improvements. It is  practical,
-Xeasy to understand, and compatible.  The sdbm library is not
-Xderived  from  any  licensed,  proprietary  or   copyrighted
-Xsoftware.
-X
-X     The sdbm implementation is based on  a  1978  algorithm
-X[Lar78] by P.-A. (Paul) Larson known as ``Dynamic Hashing''.
-XIn the course of searching for a substitute for ndbm, I pro-
-Xtotyped  three different external-hashing algorithms [Lar78,
-XFag79, Lit80] and ultimately chose Larson's algorithm  as  a
-Xbasis  of  the  sdbm  implementation. The Bell Labs dbm (and
-Xtherefore ndbm) is based on an  algorithm  invented  by  Ken
-XThompson, [Tho90, Tor87] and predates Larson's work.
-X
-X     The sdbm programming interface  is  totally  compatible
-Xwith ndbm and includes a slight improvement in database ini-
-Xtialization.  It is also expected  to  be  binary-compatible
-Xunder most UN*X versions that support the ndbm library.
-X
-X     The sdbm implementation shares the shortcomings of  the
-Xndbm library, as a side effect of various simplifications to
-Xthe original Larson algorithm. It does produce holes in  the
-Xpage file as it writes pages past the end of file. (Larson's
-Xpaper include a clever solution to this problem  that  is  a
-Xresult of using the hash value directly as a block address.)
-XOn the other hand, extensive tests  seem  to  indicate  that
-Xsdbm creates fewer holes in general, and the resulting page-
-Xfiles are smaller. The sdbm implementation  is  also  faster
-Xthan  ndbm  in database creation.  Unlike the ndbm, the sdbm
-X_________________________
-X
-X  [1] UN*X is not a trademark of any (dis)organization.
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X                           - 2 -
-X
-X
-Xstore operation will not ``wander away'' trying to split its
-Xdata  pages  to insert a datum that cannot (due to elaborate
-Xworst-case situations) be inserted. (It will  fail  after  a
-Xpre-defined number of attempts.)
-X
-XImportant Compatibility Warning
-X
-X     The sdbm and ndbm libraries cannot share databases: one
-Xcannot  read  the  (dir/pag)  database created by the other.
-XThis is due to the differences between  the  ndbm  and  sdbm
-Xalgorithms[2], and the hash functions used.  It is  easy  to
-Xconvert  between the dbm/ndbm databases and sdbm by ignoring
-Xthe index completely: see dbd, dbu etc.
-X
-X
-XNotice of Intellectual Property
-X
-XThe entire sdbm  library package, as authored by me, Ozan S.
-XYigit,  is  hereby placed in the public domain. As such, the
-Xauthor is not responsible for the  consequences  of  use  of
-Xthis  software, no matter how awful, even if they arise from
-Xdefects in it. There is no expressed or implied warranty for
-Xthe sdbm library.
-X
-X     Since the sdbm library package is in the public domain,
-Xthis   original  release  or  any  additional  public-domain
-Xreleases of the modified original cannot possibly (by defin-
-Xition) be withheld from you. Also by definition, You (singu-
-Xlar) have all the rights to this code (including  the  right
-Xto sell without permission, the right to  hoard[3]  and  the
-Xright  to  do  other  icky  things as you see fit) but those
-Xrights are also granted to everyone else.
-X
-X     Please note that all  previous  distributions  of  this
-Xsoftware  contained  a  copyright  (which is now dropped) to
-Xprotect its origins and its  current  public  domain  status
-Xagainst any possible claims and/or challenges.
-X
-XAcknowledgments
-X
-X     Many people have been very helpful and  supportive.   A
-Xpartial  list  would  necessarily  include Rayan Zacherissen
-X(who contributed the  man  page,  and  also  hacked  a  MMAP
-X_________________________
-X
-X  [2] Torek's   discussion   [Tor87]   indicates   that
-Xdbm/ndbm implementations use the hash value to traverse
-Xthe radix trie differently than sdbm and as  a  result,
-Xthe page indexes are generated in different order.  For
-Xmore information, send e-mail to the author.
-X  [3] You  cannot really hoard something that is avail-
-Xable to the public at large, but try if  it  makes  you
-Xfeel any better.
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X                           - 3 -
-X
-X
-Xversion of sdbm), Arnold Robbins, Chris Lewis,  Bill  David-
-Xsen,  Henry  Spencer,  Geoff  Collyer, Rich Salz (who got me
-Xstarted in the first place), Johannes Ruschein (who did  the
-Xminix port) and David Tilbrook. I thank you all.
-X
-XDistribution Manifest and Notes
-X
-XThis distribution of sdbm includes (at least) the following:
-X
-X    CHANGES     change log
-X    README      this file.
-X    biblio      a small bibliography on external hashing
-X    dba.c       a crude (n/s)dbm page file analyzer
-X    dbd.c       a crude (n/s)dbm page file dumper (for conversion)
-X    dbe.1       man page for dbe.c
-X    dbe.c       Janick's database editor
-X    dbm.c       a dbm library emulation wrapper for ndbm/sdbm
-X    dbm.h       header file for the above
-X    dbu.c       a crude db management utility
-X    hash.c      hashing function
-X    makefile    guess.
-X    pair.c      page-level routines (posted earlier)
-X    pair.h      header file for the above
-X    readme.ms   troff source for the README file
-X    sdbm.3      man page
-X    sdbm.c      the real thing
-X    sdbm.h      header file for the above
-X    tune.h      place for tuning & portability thingies
-X    util.c      miscellaneous
-X
-X     dbu is a simple database manipulation  program[4]  that
-Xtries to look like Bell Labs' cbt utility. It  is  currently
-Xincomplete in functionality.  I use dbu to test out the rou-
-Xtines: it takes (from stdin) tab separated  key/value  pairs
-Xfor commands like build or insert or takes keys for commands
-Xlike delete or look.
-X
-X    dbu <build|creat|look|insert|cat|delete> dbmfile
-X
-X     dba is a crude analyzer of dbm/sdbm/ndbm page files. It
-Xscans the entire page file, reporting page level statistics,
-Xand totals at the end.
-X
-X     dbd is a crude dump  program  for  dbm/ndbm/sdbm  data-
-Xbases.  It  ignores  the bitmap, and dumps the data pages in
-Xsequence. It can be used to create input for the  dbu  util-
-Xity.   Note that dbd will skip any NULLs in the key and data
-Xfields,  thus  is  unsuitable  to  convert   some   peculiar
-X_________________________
-X
-X  [4] The dbd, dba, dbu utilities are quick  hacks  and
-Xare  not  fit  for  production use. They were developed
-Xlate one night, just to test out sdbm, and convert some
-Xdatabases.
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X                           - 4 -
-X
-X
-Xdatabases that insist in including the terminating null.
-X
-X     I have also included a copy of the dbe  (ndbm  DataBase
-XEditor)  by  Janick Bergeron [janick@bnr.ca] for your pleas-
-Xure. You may find it more useful than the little  dbu  util-
-Xity.
-X
-X     dbm.[ch] is a dbm library emulation on top of ndbm (and
-Xhence suitable for sdbm). Written by Robert Elz.
-X
-X     The sdbm library has been around in beta test for quite
-Xa  long  time,  and from whatever little feedback I received
-X(maybe no news is good news), I believe it  has  been  func-
-Xtioning  without  any  significant  problems.  I  would,  of
-Xcourse, appreciate all fixes and/or improvements.  Portabil-
-Xity enhancements would especially be useful.
-X
-XImplementation Issues
-X
-X     Hash functions: The algorithm behind  sdbm  implementa-
-Xtion  needs a good bit-scrambling hash function to be effec-
-Xtive. I ran into a set of constants for a simple hash  func-
-Xtion  that  seem  to  help sdbm perform better than ndbm for
-Xvarious inputs:
-X
-X    /*
-X     * polynomial conversion ignoring overflows
-X     * 65599 nice. 65587 even better.
-X     */
-X    long
-X    dbm_hash(char *str, int len) {
-X        register unsigned long n = 0;
-X
-X        while (len--)
-X            n = n * 65599 + *str++;
-X        return n;
-X    }
-X
-X     There may be better hash functions for the purposes  of
-Xdynamic hashing.  Try your favorite, and check the pagefile.
-XIf it contains too many pages with too many holes, (in rela-
-Xtion  to this one for example) or if sdbm simply stops work-
-Xing (fails after SPLTMAX attempts to split)  when  you  feed
-Xyour  NEWS  history  file  to it, you probably do not have a
-Xgood hashing function.  If  you  do  better  (for  different
-Xtypes of input), I would like to know about the function you
-Xuse.
-X
-X     Block sizes: It seems (from  various  tests  on  a  few
-Xmachines)  that a page file block size PBLKSIZ of 1024 is by
-Xfar the best for performance, but this also happens to limit
-Xthe  size  of a key/value pair. Depending on your needs, you
-Xmay wish to increase the page size, and also adjust  PAIRMAX
-X(the maximum size of a key/value pair allowed: should always
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X                           - 5 -
-X
-X
-Xbe at least three words smaller than PBLKSIZ.)  accordingly.
-XThe  system-wide  version  of the library should probably be
-Xconfigured with 1024 (distribution default), as this appears
-Xto be sufficient for most common uses of sdbm.
-X
-XPortability
-X
-X     This package has been tested in many  different  UN*Xes
-Xeven including minix, and appears to be reasonably portable.
-XThis does not mean it will port easily to non-UN*X systems.
-X
-XNotes and Miscellaneous
-X
-X     The sdbm is not a very complicated  package,  at  least
-Xnot  after  you  familiarize yourself with the literature on
-Xexternal hashing. There are other interesting algorithms  in
-Xexistence  that ensure (approximately) single-read access to
-Xa data value associated with any key. These  are  directory-
-Xless schemes such as linear hashing [Lit80] (+ Larson varia-
-Xtions), spiral storage [Mar79] or directory schemes such  as
-Xextensible  hashing  [Fag79] by Fagin et al. I do hope these
-Xsources provide a reasonable playground for  experimentation
-Xwith  other algorithms.  See the June 1988 issue of ACM Com-
-Xputing Surveys [Enb88] for  an  excellent  overview  of  the
-Xfield.
-X
-XReferences
-X
-X
-X[Lar78]
-X    P.-A. Larson, ``Dynamic Hashing'', BIT, vol.   18,   pp.
-X    184-201, 1978.
-X
-X[Tho90]
-X    Ken Thompson, private communication, Nov. 1990
-X
-X[Lit80]
-X    W. Litwin, `` Linear Hashing: A new tool  for  file  and
-X    table addressing'', Proceedings of the 6th Conference on
-X    Very Large  Dabatases  (Montreal), pp.   212-223,   Very
-X    Large Database Foundation, Saratoga, Calif., 1980.
-X
-X[Fag79]
-X    R. Fagin, J.  Nievergelt,  N.  Pippinger,  and   H.   R.
-X    Strong,  ``Extendible Hashing - A Fast Access Method for
-X    Dynamic Files'', ACM  Trans.  Database  Syst.,  vol.  4,
-X    no.3, pp. 315-344, Sept. 1979.
-X
-X[Wal84]
-X    Rich Wales, ``Discussion of "dbm"  data  base  system'',
-X    USENET newsgroup unix.wizards, Jan. 1984.
-X
-X[Tor87]
-X    Chris Torek,  ``Re:   dbm.a   and   ndbm.a   archives'',
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X                           - 6 -
-X
-X
-X    USENET newsgroup comp.unix, 1987.
-X
-X[Mar79]
-X    G. N. Martin, ``Spiral Storage: Incrementally   Augment-
-X    able   Hash  Addressed  Storage'', Technical Report #27,
-X    University of Varwick, Coventry, U.K., 1979.
-X
-X[Enb88]
-X    R.  J.  Enbody  and  H.   C.   Du,   ``Dynamic   Hashing
-X    Schemes'',ACM  Computing  Surveys,  vol.  20, no. 2, pp.
-X    85-113, June 1988.
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 11457 -ne `wc -c <'README'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'README'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'README'
-fi
-if test -f 'biblio' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'biblio'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'biblio'\" \(1012 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'biblio' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X%A R. J. Enbody
-X%A H. C. Du
-X%T Dynamic Hashing Schemes
-X%J ACM Computing Surveys
-X%V 20
-X%N 2
-X%D June 1988
-X%P 85-113
-X%K surveys
-X
-X%A P.-A. Larson
-X%T Dynamic Hashing
-X%J BIT
-X%V 18
-X%P 184-201
-X%D 1978
-X%K dynamic
-X
-X%A W. Litwin
-X%T Linear Hashing: A new tool for file and table addressing
-X%J Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Very Large Dabatases (Montreal)
-X%I Very Large Database Foundation
-X%C Saratoga, Calif.
-X%P 212-223
-X%D 1980
-X%K linear
-X
-X%A R. Fagin
-X%A J. Nievergelt
-X%A N. Pippinger
-X%A H. R. Strong
-X%T Extendible Hashing - A Fast Access Method for Dynamic Files
-X%J ACM Trans. Database Syst.
-X%V 4
-X%N 3
-X%D Sept. 1979
-X%P 315-344
-X%K extend
-X
-X%A G. N. Martin
-X%T Spiral Storage: Incrementally Augmentable Hash Addressed Storage
-X%J Technical Report #27
-X%I University of Varwick
-X%C Coventry, U.K.
-X%D 1979
-X%K spiral
-X
-X%A Chris Torek
-X%T Re: dbm.a and ndbm.a archives
-X%B USENET newsgroup comp.unix
-X%D 1987
-X%K torek
-X
-X%A Rich Wales
-X%T Discusson of "dbm" data base system
-X%B USENET newsgroup unix.wizards
-X%D Jan. 1984
-X%K rich
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-X
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 1012 -ne `wc -c <'biblio'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'biblio'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'biblio'
-fi
-if test -f 'dba.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dba.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dba.c'\" \(1273 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dba.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * dba	dbm analysis/recovery
-X */
-X
-X#include <stdio.h>
-X#include <sys/file.h>
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X
-Xchar *progname;
-Xextern void oops();
-X
-Xint
-Xmain(argc, argv)
-Xchar **argv;
-X{
-X	int n;
-X	char *p;
-X	char *name;
-X	int pagf;
-X
-X	progname = argv[0];
-X
-X	if (p = argv[1]) {
-X		name = (char *) malloc((n = strlen(p)) + 5);
-X		strcpy(name, p);
-X		strcpy(name + n, ".pag");
-X
-X		if ((pagf = open(name, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
-X			oops("cannot open %s.", name);
-X
-X		sdump(pagf);
-X	}
-X	else
-X		oops("usage: %s dbname", progname);
-X
-X	return 0;
-X}
-X
-Xsdump(pagf)
-Xint pagf;
-X{
-X	register b;
-X	register n = 0;
-X	register t = 0;
-X	register o = 0;
-X	register e;
-X	char pag[PBLKSIZ];
-X
-X	while ((b = read(pagf, pag, PBLKSIZ)) > 0) {
-X		printf("#%d: ", n);
-X		if (!okpage(pag))
-X			printf("bad\n");
-X		else {
-X			printf("ok. ");
-X			if (!(e = pagestat(pag)))
-X			    o++;
-X			else
-X			    t += e;
-X		}
-X		n++;
-X	}
-X
-X	if (b == 0)
-X		printf("%d pages (%d holes):  %d entries\n", n, o, t);
-X	else
-X		oops("read failed: block %d", n);
-X}
-X
-Xpagestat(pag)
-Xchar *pag;
-X{
-X	register n;
-X	register free;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	if (!(n = ino[0]))
-X		printf("no entries.\n");
-X	else {
-X		free = ino[n] - (n + 1) * sizeof(short);
-X		printf("%3d entries %2d%% used free %d.\n",
-X		       n / 2, ((PBLKSIZ - free) * 100) / PBLKSIZ, free);
-X	}
-X	return n / 2;
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 1273 -ne `wc -c <'dba.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dba.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dba.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'dbd.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dbd.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dbd.c'\" \(1719 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dbd.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * dbd - dump a dbm data file
-X */
-X
-X#include <stdio.h>
-X#include <sys/file.h>
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X
-Xchar *progname;
-Xextern void oops();
-X
-X
-X#define empty(page)	(((short *) page)[0] == 0)
-X
-Xint
-Xmain(argc, argv)
-Xchar **argv;
-X{
-X	int n;
-X	char *p;
-X	char *name;
-X	int pagf;
-X
-X	progname = argv[0];
-X
-X	if (p = argv[1]) {
-X		name = (char *) malloc((n = strlen(p)) + 5);
-X		strcpy(name, p);
-X		strcpy(name + n, ".pag");
-X
-X		if ((pagf = open(name, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
-X			oops("cannot open %s.", name);
-X
-X		sdump(pagf);
-X	}
-X	else
-X		oops("usage: %s dbname", progname);
-X	return 0;
-X}
-X
-Xsdump(pagf)
-Xint pagf;
-X{
-X	register r;
-X	register n = 0;
-X	register o = 0;
-X	char pag[PBLKSIZ];
-X
-X	while ((r = read(pagf, pag, PBLKSIZ)) > 0) {
-X		if (!okpage(pag))
-X			fprintf(stderr, "%d: bad page.\n", n);
-X		else if (empty(pag))
-X			o++;
-X		else
-X			dispage(pag);
-X		n++;
-X	}
-X
-X	if (r == 0)
-X		fprintf(stderr, "%d pages (%d holes).\n", n, o);
-X	else
-X		oops("read failed: block %d", n);
-X}
-X
-X
-X#ifdef OLD
-Xdispage(pag)
-Xchar *pag;
-X{
-X	register i, n;
-X	register off;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	off = PBLKSIZ;
-X	for (i = 1; i < ino[0]; i += 2) {
-X		printf("\t[%d]: ", ino[i]);
-X		for (n = ino[i]; n < off; n++)
-X			putchar(pag[n]);
-X		putchar(' ');
-X		off = ino[i];
-X		printf("[%d]: ", ino[i + 1]);
-X		for (n = ino[i + 1]; n < off; n++)
-X			putchar(pag[n]);
-X		off = ino[i + 1];
-X		putchar('\n');
-X	}
-X}
-X#else
-Xdispage(pag)
-Xchar *pag;
-X{
-X	register i, n;
-X	register off;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	off = PBLKSIZ;
-X	for (i = 1; i < ino[0]; i += 2) {
-X		for (n = ino[i]; n < off; n++)
-X			if (pag[n] != 0)
-X				putchar(pag[n]);
-X		putchar('\t');
-X		off = ino[i];
-X		for (n = ino[i + 1]; n < off; n++)
-X			if (pag[n] != 0)
-X				putchar(pag[n]);
-X		putchar('\n');
-X		off = ino[i + 1];
-X	}
-X}
-X#endif
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 1719 -ne `wc -c <'dbd.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dbd.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dbd.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'dbe.1' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dbe.1'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dbe.1'\" \(1454 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dbe.1' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X.TH dbe 1 "ndbm(3) EDITOR"
-X.SH NAME
-Xdbe \- Edit a ndbm(3) database
-X.SH USAGE
-Xdbe <database> [-m r|w|rw] [-crtvx] -a|-d|-f|-F|-s [<key> [<content>]]
-X.SH DESCRIPTION
-X\fIdbme\fP operates on ndbm(3) databases.
-XIt can be used to create them, look at them or change them.
-XWhen specifying the value of a key or the content of its associated entry,
-X\\nnn, \\0, \\n, \\t, \\f and \\r are interpreted as usual.
-XWhen displaying key/content pairs, non-printable characters are displayed
-Xusing the \\nnn notation.
-X.SH OPTIONS
-X.IP -a
-XList all entries in the database.
-X.IP -c
-XCreate the database if it does not exist.
-X.IP -d
-XDelete the entry associated with the specified key.
-X.IP -f
-XFetch and display the entry associated with the specified key.
-X.IP -F
-XFetch and display all the entries whose key match the specified
-Xregular-expression
-X.IP "-m r|w|rw"
-XOpen the database in read-only, write-only or read-write mode
-X.IP -r
-XReplace the entry associated with the specified key if it already exists.
-XSee option -s.
-X.IP -s
-XStore an entry under a specific key.
-XAn error occurs if the key already exists and the option -r was not specified.
-X.IP -t
-XRe-initialize the database before executing the command.
-X.IP -v
-XVerbose mode.
-XConfirm stores and deletions.
-X.IP -x
-XIf option -x is used with option -c, then if the database already exists,
-Xan error occurs.
-XThis can be used to implement a simple exclusive access locking mechanism.
-X.SH SEE ALSO
-Xndbm(3)
-X.SH AUTHOR
-Xjanick@bnr.ca
-X
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 1454 -ne `wc -c <'dbe.1'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dbe.1'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dbe.1'
-fi
-if test -f 'dbe.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dbe.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dbe.c'\" \(9799 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dbe.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X#include <stdio.h>
-X#ifndef VMS
-X#include <sys/file.h>
-X#include <ndbm.h>
-X#else
-X#include "file.h"
-X#include "ndbm.h"
-X#endif
-X#include <ctype.h>
-X
-X/***************************************************************************\
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   Function name: getopt()                                               **
-X**   Author:        Henry Spencer, UofT                                    **
-X**   Coding date:   84/04/28                                               **
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   Description:                                                          **
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   Parses argv[] for arguments.                                          **
-X**   Works with Whitesmith's C compiler.                                   **
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   Inputs   - The number of arguments                                    **
-X**            - The base address of the array of arguments                 **
-X**            - A string listing the valid options (':' indicates an       **
-X**              argument to the preceding option is required, a ';'        **
-X**              indicates an argument to the preceding option is optional) **
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   Outputs  - Returns the next option character,                         **
-X**              '?' for non '-' arguments                                  **
-X**              or ':' when there is no more arguments.                    **
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   Side Effects + The argument to an option is pointed to by 'optarg'    **
-X**                                                                         **
-X*****************************************************************************
-X**                                                                         **
-X**   REVISION HISTORY:                                                     **
-X**                                                                         **
-X**     DATE           NAME                        DESCRIPTION              **
-X**   YY/MM/DD  ------------------   ------------------------------------   **
-X**   88/10/20  Janick Bergeron      Returns '?' on unamed arguments        **
-X**                                  returns '!' on unknown options         **
-X**                                  and 'EOF' only when exhausted.         **
-X**   88/11/18  Janick Bergeron      Return ':' when no more arguments      **
-X**   89/08/11  Janick Bergeron      Optional optarg when ';' in optstring  **
-X**                                                                         **
-X\***************************************************************************/
-X
-Xchar *optarg;			       /* Global argument pointer. */
-X
-X#ifdef VMS
-X#define index  strchr
-X#endif
-X
-Xchar
-Xgetopt(argc, argv, optstring)
-Xint argc;
-Xchar **argv;
-Xchar *optstring;
-X{
-X	register int c;
-X	register char *place;
-X	extern char *index();
-X	static int optind = 0;
-X	static char *scan = NULL;
-X
-X	optarg = NULL;
-X
-X	if (scan == NULL || *scan == '\0') {
-X
-X		if (optind == 0)
-X			optind++;
-X		if (optind >= argc)
-X			return ':';
-X
-X		optarg = place = argv[optind++];
-X		if (place[0] != '-' || place[1] == '\0')
-X			return '?';
-X		if (place[1] == '-' && place[2] == '\0')
-X			return '?';
-X		scan = place + 1;
-X	}
-X
-X	c = *scan++;
-X	place = index(optstring, c);
-X	if (place == NULL || c == ':' || c == ';') {
-X
-X		(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown option %c\n", argv[0], c);
-X		scan = NULL;
-X		return '!';
-X	}
-X	if (*++place == ':') {
-X
-X		if (*scan != '\0') {
-X
-X			optarg = scan;
-X			scan = NULL;
-X
-X		}
-X		else {
-X
-X			if (optind >= argc) {
-X
-X				(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: %c requires an argument\n",
-X					       argv[0], c);
-X				return '!';
-X			}
-X			optarg = argv[optind];
-X			optind++;
-X		}
-X	}
-X	else if (*place == ';') {
-X
-X		if (*scan != '\0') {
-X
-X			optarg = scan;
-X			scan = NULL;
-X
-X		}
-X		else {
-X
-X			if (optind >= argc || *argv[optind] == '-')
-X				optarg = NULL;
-X			else {
-X				optarg = argv[optind];
-X				optind++;
-X			}
-X		}
-X	}
-X	return c;
-X}
-X
-X
-Xvoid
-Xprint_datum(db)
-Xdatum db;
-X{
-X	int i;
-X
-X	putchar('"');
-X	for (i = 0; i < db.dsize; i++) {
-X		if (isprint(db.dptr[i]))
-X			putchar(db.dptr[i]);
-X		else {
-X			putchar('\\');
-X			putchar('0' + ((db.dptr[i] >> 6) & 0x07));
-X			putchar('0' + ((db.dptr[i] >> 3) & 0x07));
-X			putchar('0' + (db.dptr[i] & 0x07));
-X		}
-X	}
-X	putchar('"');
-X}
-X
-X
-Xdatum
-Xread_datum(s)
-Xchar *s;
-X{
-X	datum db;
-X	char *p;
-X	int i;
-X
-X	db.dsize = 0;
-X	db.dptr = (char *) malloc(strlen(s) * sizeof(char));
-X	for (p = db.dptr; *s != '\0'; p++, db.dsize++, s++) {
-X		if (*s == '\\') {
-X			if (*++s == 'n')
-X				*p = '\n';
-X			else if (*s == 'r')
-X				*p = '\r';
-X			else if (*s == 'f')
-X				*p = '\f';
-X			else if (*s == 't')
-X				*p = '\t';
-X			else if (isdigit(*s) && isdigit(*(s + 1)) && isdigit(*(s + 2))) {
-X				i = (*s++ - '0') << 6;
-X				i |= (*s++ - '0') << 3;
-X				i |= *s - '0';
-X				*p = i;
-X			}
-X			else if (*s == '0')
-X				*p = '\0';
-X			else
-X				*p = *s;
-X		}
-X		else
-X			*p = *s;
-X	}
-X
-X	return db;
-X}
-X
-X
-Xchar *
-Xkey2s(db)
-Xdatum db;
-X{
-X	char *buf;
-X	char *p1, *p2;
-X
-X	buf = (char *) malloc((db.dsize + 1) * sizeof(char));
-X	for (p1 = buf, p2 = db.dptr; *p2 != '\0'; *p1++ = *p2++);
-X	*p1 = '\0';
-X	return buf;
-X}
-X
-X
-Xmain(argc, argv)
-Xint argc;
-Xchar **argv;
-X{
-X	typedef enum {
-X		YOW, FETCH, STORE, DELETE, SCAN, REGEXP
-X	} commands;
-X	char opt;
-X	int flags;
-X	int giveusage = 0;
-X	int verbose = 0;
-X	commands what = YOW;
-X	char *comarg[3];
-X	int st_flag = DBM_INSERT;
-X	int argn;
-X	DBM *db;
-X	datum key;
-X	datum content;
-X
-X	flags = O_RDWR;
-X	argn = 0;
-X
-X	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "acdfFm:rstvx")) != ':') {
-X		switch (opt) {
-X		case 'a':
-X			what = SCAN;
-X			break;
-X		case 'c':
-X			flags |= O_CREAT;
-X			break;
-X		case 'd':
-X			what = DELETE;
-X			break;
-X		case 'f':
-X			what = FETCH;
-X			break;
-X		case 'F':
-X			what = REGEXP;
-X			break;
-X		case 'm':
-X			flags &= ~(000007);
-X			if (strcmp(optarg, "r") == 0)
-X				flags |= O_RDONLY;
-X			else if (strcmp(optarg, "w") == 0)
-X				flags |= O_WRONLY;
-X			else if (strcmp(optarg, "rw") == 0)
-X				flags |= O_RDWR;
-X			else {
-X				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid mode: \"%s\"\n", optarg);
-X				giveusage = 1;
-X			}
-X			break;
-X		case 'r':
-X			st_flag = DBM_REPLACE;
-X			break;
-X		case 's':
-X			what = STORE;
-X			break;
-X		case 't':
-X			flags |= O_TRUNC;
-X			break;
-X		case 'v':
-X			verbose = 1;
-X			break;
-X		case 'x':
-X			flags |= O_EXCL;
-X			break;
-X		case '!':
-X			giveusage = 1;
-X			break;
-X		case '?':
-X			if (argn < 3)
-X				comarg[argn++] = optarg;
-X			else {
-X				fprintf(stderr, "Too many arguments.\n");
-X				giveusage = 1;
-X			}
-X			break;
-X		}
-X	}
-X
-X	if (giveusage | what == YOW | argn < 1) {
-X		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s databse [-m r|w|rw] [-crtx] -a|-d|-f|-F|-s [key [content]]\n", argv[0]);
-X		exit(-1);
-X	}
-X
-X	if ((db = dbm_open(comarg[0], flags, 0777)) == NULL) {
-X		fprintf(stderr, "Error opening database \"%s\"\n", comarg[0]);
-X		exit(-1);
-X	}
-X
-X	if (argn > 1)
-X		key = read_datum(comarg[1]);
-X	if (argn > 2)
-X		content = read_datum(comarg[2]);
-X
-X	switch (what) {
-X
-X	case SCAN:
-X		key = dbm_firstkey(db);
-X		if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching first key\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		while (key.dptr != NULL) {
-X			content = dbm_fetch(db, key);
-X			if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X				fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching ");
-X				print_datum(key);
-X				printf("\n");
-X				goto db_exit;
-X			}
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf(": ");
-X			print_datum(content);
-X			printf("\n");
-X			if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X				fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching next key\n");
-X				goto db_exit;
-X			}
-X			key = dbm_nextkey(db);
-X		}
-X		break;
-X
-X	case REGEXP:
-X		if (argn < 2) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Missing regular expression.\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		if (re_comp(comarg[1])) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid regular expression\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		key = dbm_firstkey(db);
-X		if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching first key\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		while (key.dptr != NULL) {
-X			if (re_exec(key2s(key))) {
-X				content = dbm_fetch(db, key);
-X				if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X					fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching ");
-X					print_datum(key);
-X					printf("\n");
-X					goto db_exit;
-X				}
-X				print_datum(key);
-X				printf(": ");
-X				print_datum(content);
-X				printf("\n");
-X				if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X					fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching next key\n");
-X					goto db_exit;
-X				}
-X			}
-X			key = dbm_nextkey(db);
-X		}
-X		break;
-X
-X	case FETCH:
-X		if (argn < 2) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Missing fetch key.\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		content = dbm_fetch(db, key);
-X		if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Error when fetching ");
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf("\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		if (content.dptr == NULL) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find ");
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf("\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		print_datum(key);
-X		printf(": ");
-X		print_datum(content);
-X		printf("\n");
-X		break;
-X
-X	case DELETE:
-X		if (argn < 2) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Missing delete key.\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		if (dbm_delete(db, key) || dbm_error(db)) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Error when deleting ");
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf("\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		if (verbose) {
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf(": DELETED\n");
-X		}
-X		break;
-X
-X	case STORE:
-X		if (argn < 3) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Missing key and/or content.\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		if (dbm_store(db, key, content, st_flag) || dbm_error(db)) {
-X			fprintf(stderr, "Error when storing ");
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf("\n");
-X			goto db_exit;
-X		}
-X		if (verbose) {
-X			print_datum(key);
-X			printf(": ");
-X			print_datum(content);
-X			printf(" STORED\n");
-X		}
-X		break;
-X	}
-X
-Xdb_exit:
-X	dbm_clearerr(db);
-X	dbm_close(db);
-X	if (dbm_error(db)) {
-X		fprintf(stderr, "Error closing database \"%s\"\n", comarg[0]);
-X		exit(-1);
-X	}
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 9799 -ne `wc -c <'dbe.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dbe.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dbe.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'dbm.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dbm.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dbm.c'\" \(2426 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dbm.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * Copyright (c) 1985 The Regents of the University of California.
-X * All rights reserved.
-X *
-X * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
-X * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
-X * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
-X * advertising materials, and other materials related to such
-X * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
-X * by the University of California, Berkeley.  The name of the
-X * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
-X * from this software without specific prior written permission.
-X * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
-X * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
-X * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
-X */
-X
-X#ifndef lint
-Xstatic char sccsid[] = "@(#)dbm.c    5.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/89";
-X#endif /* not lint */
-X
-X#include    "dbm.h"
-X
-X#define    NODB    ((DBM *)0)
-X
-Xstatic DBM *cur_db = NODB;
-X
-Xstatic char no_db[] = "dbm: no open database\n";
-X
-Xdbminit(file)
-X    char *file;
-X{
-X    if (cur_db != NODB)
-X        dbm_close(cur_db);
-X
-X    cur_db = dbm_open(file, 2, 0);
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        cur_db = dbm_open(file, 0, 0);
-X        if (cur_db == NODB)
-X            return (-1);
-X    }
-X    return (0);
-X}
-X
-Xlong
-Xforder(key)
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        printf(no_db);
-X        return (0L);
-X    }
-X    return (dbm_forder(cur_db, key));
-X}
-X
-Xdatum
-Xfetch(key)
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X    datum item;
-X
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        printf(no_db);
-X        item.dptr = 0;
-X        return (item);
-X    }
-X    return (dbm_fetch(cur_db, key));
-X}
-X
-Xdelete(key)
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        printf(no_db);
-X        return (-1);
-X    }
-X    if (dbm_rdonly(cur_db))
-X        return (-1);
-X    return (dbm_delete(cur_db, key));
-X}
-X
-Xstore(key, dat)
-Xdatum key, dat;
-X{
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        printf(no_db);
-X        return (-1);
-X    }
-X    if (dbm_rdonly(cur_db))
-X        return (-1);
-X
-X    return (dbm_store(cur_db, key, dat, DBM_REPLACE));
-X}
-X
-Xdatum
-Xfirstkey()
-X{
-X    datum item;
-X
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        printf(no_db);
-X        item.dptr = 0;
-X        return (item);
-X    }
-X    return (dbm_firstkey(cur_db));
-X}
-X
-Xdatum
-Xnextkey(key)
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X    datum item;
-X
-X    if (cur_db == NODB) {
-X        printf(no_db);
-X        item.dptr = 0;
-X        return (item);
-X    }
-X    return (dbm_nextkey(cur_db, key));
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 2426 -ne `wc -c <'dbm.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dbm.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dbm.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'dbm.h' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dbm.h'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dbm.h'\" \(1186 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dbm.h' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * Copyright (c) 1983 The Regents of the University of California.
-X * All rights reserved.
-X *
-X * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
-X * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
-X * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
-X * advertising materials, and other materials related to such
-X * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
-X * by the University of California, Berkeley.  The name of the
-X * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
-X * from this software without specific prior written permission.
-X * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
-X * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
-X * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
-X *
-X *    @(#)dbm.h    5.2 (Berkeley) 5/24/89
-X */
-X
-X#ifndef NULL
-X/*
-X * this is lunacy, we no longer use it (and never should have
-X * unconditionally defined it), but, this whole file is for
-X * backwards compatability - someone may rely on this.
-X */
-X#define    NULL    ((char *) 0)
-X#endif
-X
-X#include <ndbm.h>
-X
-Xdatum    fetch();
-Xdatum    firstkey();
-Xdatum    nextkey();
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 1186 -ne `wc -c <'dbm.h'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dbm.h'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dbm.h'
-fi
-if test -f 'dbu.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'dbu.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'dbu.c'\" \(4408 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'dbu.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X#include <stdio.h>
-X#include <sys/file.h>
-X#ifdef SDBM
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X#else
-X#include <ndbm.h>
-X#endif
-X#include <string.h>
-X
-X#ifdef BSD42
-X#define strchr	index
-X#endif
-X
-Xextern int	getopt();
-Xextern char	*strchr();
-Xextern void	oops();
-X
-Xchar *progname;
-X
-Xstatic int rflag;
-Xstatic char *usage = "%s [-R] cat | look |... dbmname";
-X
-X#define DERROR	0
-X#define DLOOK	1
-X#define DINSERT	2
-X#define DDELETE 3
-X#define	DCAT	4
-X#define DBUILD	5
-X#define DPRESS	6
-X#define DCREAT	7
-X
-X#define LINEMAX	8192
-X
-Xtypedef struct {
-X	char *sname;
-X	int scode;
-X	int flags;
-X} cmd;
-X
-Xstatic cmd cmds[] = {
-X
-X	"fetch", DLOOK, 	O_RDONLY,
-X	"get", DLOOK,		O_RDONLY,
-X	"look", DLOOK,		O_RDONLY,
-X	"add", DINSERT,		O_RDWR,
-X	"insert", DINSERT,	O_RDWR,
-X	"store", DINSERT,	O_RDWR,
-X	"delete", DDELETE,	O_RDWR,
-X	"remove", DDELETE,	O_RDWR,
-X	"dump", DCAT,		O_RDONLY,
-X	"list", DCAT, 		O_RDONLY,
-X	"cat", DCAT,		O_RDONLY,
-X	"creat", DCREAT,	O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,
-X	"new", DCREAT,		O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,
-X	"build", DBUILD,	O_RDWR | O_CREAT,
-X	"squash", DPRESS,	O_RDWR,
-X	"compact", DPRESS,	O_RDWR,
-X	"compress", DPRESS,	O_RDWR
-X};
-X
-X#define CTABSIZ (sizeof (cmds)/sizeof (cmd))
-X
-Xstatic cmd *parse();
-Xstatic void badk(), doit(), prdatum();
-X
-Xint
-Xmain(argc, argv)
-Xint	argc;
-Xchar *argv[];
-X{
-X	int c;
-X	register cmd *act;
-X	extern int optind;
-X	extern char *optarg;
-X
-X	progname = argv[0];
-X
-X	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "R")) != EOF)
-X		switch (c) {
-X		case 'R':	       /* raw processing  */
-X			rflag++;
-X			break;
-X
-X		default:
-X			oops("usage: %s", usage);
-X			break;
-X		}
-X
-X	if ((argc -= optind) < 2)
-X		oops("usage: %s", usage);
-X
-X	if ((act = parse(argv[optind])) == NULL)
-X		badk(argv[optind]);
-X	optind++;
-X	doit(act, argv[optind]);
-X	return 0;
-X}
-X
-Xstatic void
-Xdoit(act, file)
-Xregister cmd *act;
-Xchar *file;
-X{
-X	datum key;
-X	datum val;
-X	register DBM *db;
-X	register char *op;
-X	register int n;
-X	char *line;
-X#ifdef TIME
-X	long start;
-X	extern long time();
-X#endif
-X
-X	if ((db = dbm_open(file, act->flags, 0644)) == NULL)
-X		oops("cannot open: %s", file);
-X
-X	if ((line = (char *) malloc(LINEMAX)) == NULL)
-X		oops("%s: cannot get memory", "line alloc");
-X
-X	switch (act->scode) {
-X
-X	case DLOOK:
-X		while (fgets(line, LINEMAX, stdin) != NULL) {
-X			n = strlen(line) - 1;
-X			line[n] = 0;
-X			key.dptr = line;
-X			key.dsize = n;
-X			val = dbm_fetch(db, key);
-X			if (val.dptr != NULL) {
-X				prdatum(stdout, val);
-X				putchar('\n');
-X				continue;
-X			}
-X			prdatum(stderr, key);
-X			fprintf(stderr, ": not found.\n");
-X		}
-X		break;
-X	case DINSERT:
-X		break;
-X	case DDELETE:
-X		while (fgets(line, LINEMAX, stdin) != NULL) {
-X			n = strlen(line) - 1;
-X			line[n] = 0;
-X			key.dptr = line;
-X			key.dsize = n;
-X			if (dbm_delete(db, key) == -1) {
-X				prdatum(stderr, key);
-X				fprintf(stderr, ": not found.\n");
-X			}
-X		}
-X		break;
-X	case DCAT:
-X		for (key = dbm_firstkey(db); key.dptr != 0; 
-X		     key = dbm_nextkey(db)) {
-X			prdatum(stdout, key);
-X			putchar('\t');
-X			prdatum(stdout, dbm_fetch(db, key));
-X			putchar('\n');
-X		}
-X		break;
-X	case DBUILD:
-X#ifdef TIME
-X		start = time(0);
-X#endif
-X		while (fgets(line, LINEMAX, stdin) != NULL) {
-X			n = strlen(line) - 1;
-X			line[n] = 0;
-X			key.dptr = line;
-X			if ((op = strchr(line, '\t')) != 0) {
-X				key.dsize = op - line;
-X				*op++ = 0;
-X				val.dptr = op;
-X				val.dsize = line + n - op;
-X			}
-X			else
-X				oops("bad input; %s", line);
-X	
-X			if (dbm_store(db, key, val, DBM_REPLACE) < 0) {
-X				prdatum(stderr, key);
-X				fprintf(stderr, ": ");
-X				oops("store: %s", "failed");
-X			}
-X		}
-X#ifdef TIME
-X		printf("done: %d seconds.\n", time(0) - start);
-X#endif
-X		break;
-X	case DPRESS:
-X		break;
-X	case DCREAT:
-X		break;
-X	}
-X
-X	dbm_close(db);
-X}
-X
-Xstatic void
-Xbadk(word)
-Xchar *word;
-X{
-X	register int i;
-X
-X	if (progname)
-X		fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
-X	fprintf(stderr, "bad keywd %s. use one of\n", word);
-X	for (i = 0; i < (int)CTABSIZ; i++)
-X		fprintf(stderr, "%-8s%c", cmds[i].sname,
-X			((i + 1) % 6 == 0) ? '\n' : ' ');
-X	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-X	exit(1);
-X	/*NOTREACHED*/
-X}
-X
-Xstatic cmd *
-Xparse(str)
-Xregister char *str;
-X{
-X	register int i = CTABSIZ;
-X	register cmd *p;
-X	
-X	for (p = cmds; i--; p++)
-X		if (strcmp(p->sname, str) == 0)
-X			return p;
-X	return NULL;
-X}
-X
-Xstatic void
-Xprdatum(stream, d)
-XFILE *stream;
-Xdatum d;
-X{
-X	register int c;
-X	register char *p = d.dptr;
-X	register int n = d.dsize;
-X
-X	while (n--) {
-X		c = *p++ & 0377;
-X		if (c & 0200) {
-X			fprintf(stream, "M-");
-X			c &= 0177;
-X		}
-X		if (c == 0177 || c < ' ') 
-X			fprintf(stream, "^%c", (c == 0177) ? '?' : c + '@');
-X		else
-X			putc(c, stream);
-X	}
-X}
-X
-X
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 4408 -ne `wc -c <'dbu.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'dbu.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'dbu.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'grind' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'grind'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'grind'\" \(201 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'grind' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X#!/bin/sh
-Xrm -f /tmp/*.dir /tmp/*.pag
-Xawk -e '{
-X        printf "%s\t", $0
-X        for (i = 0; i < 40; i++)
-X                printf "%s.", $0
-X        printf "\n"
-X}' < /usr/dict/words | $1 build /tmp/$2
-X
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 201 -ne `wc -c <'grind'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'grind'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-chmod +x 'grind'
-# end of 'grind'
-fi
-if test -f 'hash.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'hash.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'hash.c'\" \(922 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'hash.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * sdbm - ndbm work-alike hashed database library
-X * based on Per-Aake Larson's Dynamic Hashing algorithms. BIT 18 (1978).
-X * author: oz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X * status: public domain. keep it that way.
-X *
-X * hashing routine
-X */
-X
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X/*
-X * polynomial conversion ignoring overflows
-X * [this seems to work remarkably well, in fact better
-X * then the ndbm hash function. Replace at your own risk]
-X * use: 65599	nice.
-X *      65587   even better. 
-X */
-Xlong
-Xdbm_hash(str, len)
-Xregister char *str;
-Xregister int len;
-X{
-X	register unsigned long n = 0;
-X
-X#ifdef DUFF
-X
-X#define HASHC	n = *str++ + 65599 * n
-X
-X	if (len > 0) {
-X		register int loop = (len + 8 - 1) >> 3;
-X
-X		switch(len & (8 - 1)) {
-X		case 0:	do {
-X			HASHC;	case 7:	HASHC;
-X		case 6:	HASHC;	case 5:	HASHC;
-X		case 4:	HASHC;	case 3:	HASHC;
-X		case 2:	HASHC;	case 1:	HASHC;
-X			} while (--loop);
-X		}
-X
-X	}
-X#else
-X	while (len--)
-X		n = *str++ + 65599 * n;
-X#endif
-X	return n;
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 922 -ne `wc -c <'hash.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'hash.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'hash.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'makefile' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'makefile'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'makefile'\" \(1147 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'makefile' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X#
-X# makefile for public domain ndbm-clone: sdbm
-X# DUFF: use duff's device (loop unroll) in parts of the code
-X#
-XCFLAGS = -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DBSD42
-X#LDFLAGS = -p
-X
-XOBJS = sdbm.o pair.o hash.o
-XSRCS = sdbm.c pair.c hash.c dbu.c dba.c dbd.c util.c
-XHDRS = tune.h sdbm.h pair.h
-XMISC = README CHANGES COMPARE sdbm.3 dbe.c dbe.1 dbm.c dbm.h biblio \
-X       readme.ms readme.ps
-X
-Xall: dbu dba dbd dbe
-X
-Xdbu: dbu.o sdbm util.o
-X	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dbu dbu.o util.o libsdbm.a
-X
-Xdba: dba.o util.o
-X	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dba dba.o util.o
-Xdbd: dbd.o util.o
-X	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dbd dbd.o util.o
-Xdbe: dbe.o sdbm
-X	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dbe dbe.o libsdbm.a
-X
-Xsdbm: $(OBJS)
-X	ar cr libsdbm.a $(OBJS)
-X	ranlib libsdbm.a
-X###	cp libsdbm.a /usr/lib/libsdbm.a
-X
-Xdba.o: sdbm.h
-Xdbu.o: sdbm.h
-Xutil.o:sdbm.h
-X
-X$(OBJS): sdbm.h tune.h pair.h
-X
-X#
-X# dbu using berkelezoid ndbm routines [if you have them] for testing
-X#
-X#x-dbu: dbu.o util.o
-X#	cc $(CFLAGS) -o x-dbu dbu.o util.o
-Xlint:
-X	lint -abchx $(SRCS)
-X
-Xclean:
-X	rm -f *.o mon.out core
-X
-Xpurge: 	clean
-X	rm -f dbu libsdbm.a dbd dba dbe x-dbu *.dir *.pag
-X
-Xshar:
-X	shar $(MISC) makefile $(SRCS) $(HDRS) >SDBM.SHAR
-X
-Xreadme:
-X	nroff -ms readme.ms | col -b >README
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 1147 -ne `wc -c <'makefile'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'makefile'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'makefile'
-fi
-if test -f 'pair.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'pair.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'pair.c'\" \(5720 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'pair.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * sdbm - ndbm work-alike hashed database library
-X * based on Per-Aake Larson's Dynamic Hashing algorithms. BIT 18 (1978).
-X * author: oz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X * status: public domain.
-X *
-X * page-level routines
-X */
-X
-X#ifndef lint
-Xstatic char rcsid[] = "$Id: pair.c,v 1.10 90/12/13 13:00:35 oz Exp $";
-X#endif
-X
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X#include "tune.h"
-X#include "pair.h"
-X
-X#ifndef BSD42
-X#include <memory.h>
-X#endif
-X
-X#define exhash(item)	dbm_hash((item).dptr, (item).dsize)
-X
-X/* 
-X * forward 
-X */
-Xstatic int seepair proto((char *, int, char *, int));
-X
-X/*
-X * page format:
-X *	+------------------------------+
-X * ino	| n | keyoff | datoff | keyoff |
-X * 	+------------+--------+--------+
-X *	| datoff | - - - ---->	       |
-X *	+--------+---------------------+
-X *	|	 F R E E A R E A       |
-X *	+--------------+---------------+
-X *	|  <---- - - - | data          |
-X *	+--------+-----+----+----------+
-X *	|  key   | data     | key      |
-X *	+--------+----------+----------+
-X *
-X * calculating the offsets for free area:  if the number
-X * of entries (ino[0]) is zero, the offset to the END of
-X * the free area is the block size. Otherwise, it is the
-X * nth (ino[ino[0]]) entry's offset.
-X */
-X
-Xint
-Xfitpair(pag, need)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xint need;
-X{
-X	register int n;
-X	register int off;
-X	register int free;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	off = ((n = ino[0]) > 0) ? ino[n] : PBLKSIZ;
-X	free = off - (n + 1) * sizeof(short);
-X	need += 2 * sizeof(short);
-X
-X	debug(("free %d need %d\n", free, need));
-X
-X	return need <= free;
-X}
-X
-Xvoid
-Xputpair(pag, key, val)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xdatum key;
-Xdatum val;
-X{
-X	register int n;
-X	register int off;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	off = ((n = ino[0]) > 0) ? ino[n] : PBLKSIZ;
-X/*
-X * enter the key first
-X */
-X	off -= key.dsize;
-X	(void) memcpy(pag + off, key.dptr, key.dsize);
-X	ino[n + 1] = off;
-X/*
-X * now the data
-X */
-X	off -= val.dsize;
-X	(void) memcpy(pag + off, val.dptr, val.dsize);
-X	ino[n + 2] = off;
-X/*
-X * adjust item count
-X */
-X	ino[0] += 2;
-X}
-X
-Xdatum
-Xgetpair(pag, key)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X	register int i;
-X	register int n;
-X	datum val;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	if ((n = ino[0]) == 0)
-X		return nullitem;
-X
-X	if ((i = seepair(pag, n, key.dptr, key.dsize)) == 0)
-X		return nullitem;
-X
-X	val.dptr = pag + ino[i + 1];
-X	val.dsize = ino[i] - ino[i + 1];
-X	return val;
-X}
-X
-X#ifdef SEEDUPS
-Xint
-Xduppair(pag, key)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X	return ino[0] > 0 && seepair(pag, ino[0], key.dptr, key.dsize) > 0;
-X}
-X#endif
-X
-Xdatum
-Xgetnkey(pag, num)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xint num;
-X{
-X	datum key;
-X	register int off;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	num = num * 2 - 1;
-X	if (ino[0] == 0 || num > ino[0])
-X		return nullitem;
-X
-X	off = (num > 1) ? ino[num - 1] : PBLKSIZ;
-X
-X	key.dptr = pag + ino[num];
-X	key.dsize = off - ino[num];
-X
-X	return key;
-X}
-X
-Xint
-Xdelpair(pag, key)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X	register int n;
-X	register int i;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	if ((n = ino[0]) == 0)
-X		return 0;
-X
-X	if ((i = seepair(pag, n, key.dptr, key.dsize)) == 0)
-X		return 0;
-X/*
-X * found the key. if it is the last entry
-X * [i.e. i == n - 1] we just adjust the entry count.
-X * hard case: move all data down onto the deleted pair,
-X * shift offsets onto deleted offsets, and adjust them.
-X * [note: 0 < i < n]
-X */
-X	if (i < n - 1) {
-X		register int m;
-X		register char *dst = pag + (i == 1 ? PBLKSIZ : ino[i - 1]);
-X		register char *src = pag + ino[i + 1];
-X		register int   zoo = dst - src;
-X
-X		debug(("free-up %d ", zoo));
-X/*
-X * shift data/keys down
-X */
-X		m = ino[i + 1] - ino[n];
-X#ifdef DUFF
-X#define MOVB 	*--dst = *--src
-X
-X		if (m > 0) {
-X			register int loop = (m + 8 - 1) >> 3;
-X
-X			switch (m & (8 - 1)) {
-X			case 0:	do {
-X				MOVB;	case 7:	MOVB;
-X			case 6:	MOVB;	case 5:	MOVB;
-X			case 4:	MOVB;	case 3:	MOVB;
-X			case 2:	MOVB;	case 1:	MOVB;
-X				} while (--loop);
-X			}
-X		}
-X#else
-X#ifdef MEMMOVE
-X		memmove(dst, src, m);
-X#else
-X		while (m--)
-X			*--dst = *--src;
-X#endif
-X#endif
-X/*
-X * adjust offset index up
-X */
-X		while (i < n - 1) {
-X			ino[i] = ino[i + 2] + zoo;
-X			i++;
-X		}
-X	}
-X	ino[0] -= 2;
-X	return 1;
-X}
-X
-X/*
-X * search for the key in the page.
-X * return offset index in the range 0 < i < n.
-X * return 0 if not found.
-X */
-Xstatic int
-Xseepair(pag, n, key, siz)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xregister int n;
-Xregister char *key;
-Xregister int siz;
-X{
-X	register int i;
-X	register int off = PBLKSIZ;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	for (i = 1; i < n; i += 2) {
-X		if (siz == off - ino[i] &&
-X		    memcmp(key, pag + ino[i], siz) == 0)
-X			return i;
-X		off = ino[i + 1];
-X	}
-X	return 0;
-X}
-X
-Xvoid
-Xsplpage(pag, new, sbit)
-Xchar *pag;
-Xchar *new;
-Xlong sbit;
-X{
-X	datum key;
-X	datum val;
-X
-X	register int n;
-X	register int off = PBLKSIZ;
-X	char cur[PBLKSIZ];
-X	register short *ino = (short *) cur;
-X
-X	(void) memcpy(cur, pag, PBLKSIZ);
-X	(void) memset(pag, 0, PBLKSIZ);
-X	(void) memset(new, 0, PBLKSIZ);
-X
-X	n = ino[0];
-X	for (ino++; n > 0; ino += 2) {
-X		key.dptr = cur + ino[0]; 
-X		key.dsize = off - ino[0];
-X		val.dptr = cur + ino[1];
-X		val.dsize = ino[0] - ino[1];
-X/*
-X * select the page pointer (by looking at sbit) and insert
-X */
-X		(void) putpair((exhash(key) & sbit) ? new : pag, key, val);
-X
-X		off = ino[1];
-X		n -= 2;
-X	}
-X
-X	debug(("%d split %d/%d\n", ((short *) cur)[0] / 2, 
-X	       ((short *) new)[0] / 2,
-X	       ((short *) pag)[0] / 2));
-X}
-X
-X/*
-X * check page sanity: 
-X * number of entries should be something
-X * reasonable, and all offsets in the index should be in order.
-X * this could be made more rigorous.
-X */
-Xint
-Xchkpage(pag)
-Xchar *pag;
-X{
-X	register int n;
-X	register int off;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	if ((n = ino[0]) < 0 || n > PBLKSIZ / sizeof(short))
-X		return 0;
-X
-X	if (n > 0) {
-X		off = PBLKSIZ;
-X		for (ino++; n > 0; ino += 2) {
-X			if (ino[0] > off || ino[1] > off ||
-X			    ino[1] > ino[0])
-X				return 0;
-X			off = ino[1];
-X			n -= 2;
-X		}
-X	}
-X	return 1;
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 5720 -ne `wc -c <'pair.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'pair.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'pair.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'pair.h' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'pair.h'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'pair.h'\" \(378 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'pair.h' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-Xextern int fitpair proto((char *, int));
-Xextern void  putpair proto((char *, datum, datum));
-Xextern datum	getpair proto((char *, datum));
-Xextern int  delpair proto((char *, datum));
-Xextern int  chkpage proto((char *));
-Xextern datum getnkey proto((char *, int));
-Xextern void splpage proto((char *, char *, long));
-X#ifdef SEEDUPS
-Xextern int duppair proto((char *, datum));
-X#endif
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 378 -ne `wc -c <'pair.h'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'pair.h'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'pair.h'
-fi
-if test -f 'readme.ms' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'readme.ms'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'readme.ms'\" \(11691 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'readme.ms' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X.\" tbl | readme.ms | [tn]roff -ms | ...
-X.\" note the "C" (courier) and "CB" fonts: you will probably have to
-X.\" change these.
-X.\" $Id: readme.ms,v 1.1 90/12/13 13:09:15 oz Exp Locker: oz $
-X
-X.de P1
-X.br
-X.nr dT 4
-X.nf
-X.ft C
-X.sp .5
-X.nr t \\n(dT*\\w'x'u
-X.ta 1u*\\ntu 2u*\\ntu 3u*\\ntu 4u*\\ntu 5u*\\ntu 6u*\\ntu 7u*\\ntu 8u*\\ntu 9u*\\ntu 10u*\\ntu 11u*\\ntu 12u*\\ntu 13u*\\ntu 14u*\\ntu
-X..
-X.de P2
-X.br
-X.ft 1
-X.br
-X.sp .5
-X.br
-X.fi
-X..
-X.\" CW uses the typewriter/courier font.
-X.de CW
-X\fC\\$1\\fP\\$2
-X..
-X
-X.\" Footnote numbering [by Henry Spencer]
-X.\" <text>\*f for a footnote number..
-X.\" .FS
-X.\" \*F <footnote text>
-X.\" .FE
-X.\"
-X.ds f \\u\\s-2\\n+f\\s+2\\d
-X.nr f 0 1
-X.ds F \\n+F.
-X.nr F 0 1
-X
-X.ND
-X.LP
-X.TL
-X\fIsdbm\fP \(em Substitute DBM
-X.br
-Xor
-X.br
-XBerkeley \fIndbm\fP for Every UN*X\** Made Simple
-X.AU
-XOzan (oz) Yigit
-X.AI
-XThe Guild of PD Software Toolmakers
-XToronto - Canada
-X.sp
-Xoz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X.LP
-X.FS
-XUN*X is not a trademark of any (dis)organization.
-X.FE
-X.sp 2
-X\fIImplementation is the sincerest form of flattery. \(em L. Peter Deutsch\fP
-X.SH
-XA The Clone of the \fIndbm\fP library
-X.PP
-XThe sources accompanying this notice \(em \fIsdbm\fP \(em constitute
-Xthe first public release (Dec. 1990) of a complete clone of
-Xthe Berkeley UN*X \fIndbm\fP library. The \fIsdbm\fP library is meant to
-Xclone the proven functionality of \fIndbm\fP as closely as possible,
-Xincluding a few improvements. It is practical, easy to understand, and
-Xcompatible.
-XThe \fIsdbm\fP library is not derived from any licensed, proprietary or
-Xcopyrighted software.
-X.PP
-XThe \fIsdbm\fP implementation is based on a 1978 algorithm
-X[Lar78] by P.-A. (Paul) Larson known as ``Dynamic Hashing''.
-XIn the course of searching for a substitute for \fIndbm\fP, I
-Xprototyped three different external-hashing algorithms [Lar78, Fag79, Lit80]
-Xand ultimately chose Larson's algorithm as a basis of the \fIsdbm\fP
-Ximplementation. The Bell Labs
-X\fIdbm\fP (and therefore \fIndbm\fP) is based on an algorithm invented by
-XKen Thompson, [Tho90, Tor87] and predates Larson's work.
-X.PP
-XThe \fIsdbm\fR programming interface is totally compatible
-Xwith \fIndbm\fP and includes a slight improvement in database initialization.
-XIt is also expected to be binary-compatible under most UN*X versions that
-Xsupport the \fIndbm\fP library.
-X.PP
-XThe \fIsdbm\fP implementation shares the shortcomings of the \fIndbm\fP
-Xlibrary, as a side effect of various simplifications to the original Larson
-Xalgorithm. It does produce \fIholes\fP in the page file as it writes
-Xpages past the end of file. (Larson's paper include a clever solution to
-Xthis problem that is a result of using the hash value directly as a block
-Xaddress.) On the other hand, extensive tests seem to indicate that \fIsdbm\fP
-Xcreates fewer holes in general, and the resulting pagefiles are
-Xsmaller. The \fIsdbm\fP implementation is also faster than \fIndbm\fP
-Xin database creation.
-XUnlike the \fIndbm\fP, the \fIsdbm\fP
-X.CW store
-Xoperation will not ``wander away'' trying to split its
-Xdata pages to insert a datum that \fIcannot\fP (due to elaborate worst-case
-Xsituations) be inserted. (It will fail after a pre-defined number of attempts.)
-X.SH
-XImportant Compatibility Warning
-X.PP
-XThe \fIsdbm\fP and \fIndbm\fP
-Xlibraries \fIcannot\fP share databases: one cannot read the (dir/pag)
-Xdatabase created by the other. This is due to the differences
-Xbetween the \fIndbm\fP and \fIsdbm\fP algorithms\**, 
-X.FS
-XTorek's discussion [Tor87]
-Xindicates that \fIdbm/ndbm\fP implementations use the hash
-Xvalue to traverse the radix trie differently than \fIsdbm\fP
-Xand as a result, the page indexes are generated in \fIdifferent\fP order.
-XFor more information, send e-mail to the author.
-X.FE
-Xand the hash functions
-Xused.
-XIt is easy to convert between the \fIdbm/ndbm\fP databases and \fIsdbm\fP
-Xby ignoring the index completely: see
-X.CW dbd ,
-X.CW dbu
-Xetc.
-X.R
-X.LP
-X.SH
-XNotice of Intellectual Property
-X.LP
-X\fIThe entire\fP sdbm  \fIlibrary package, as authored by me,\fP Ozan S. Yigit,
-X\fIis hereby placed in the public domain.\fP As such, the author is not
-Xresponsible for the consequences of use of this software, no matter how
-Xawful, even if they arise from defects in it. There is no expressed or
-Ximplied warranty for the \fIsdbm\fP library.
-X.PP
-XSince the \fIsdbm\fP
-Xlibrary package is in the public domain, this \fIoriginal\fP
-Xrelease or any additional public-domain releases of the modified original
-Xcannot possibly (by definition) be withheld from you. Also by definition,
-XYou (singular) have all the rights to this code (including the right to
-Xsell without permission, the right to hoard\**
-X.FS
-XYou cannot really hoard something that is available to the public at
-Xlarge, but try if it makes you feel any better.
-X.FE
-Xand the right to do other icky things as
-Xyou see fit) but those rights are also granted to everyone else.
-X.PP
-XPlease note that all previous distributions of this software contained
-Xa copyright (which is now dropped) to protect its
-Xorigins and its current public domain status against any possible claims
-Xand/or challenges.
-X.SH
-XAcknowledgments
-X.PP
-XMany people have been very helpful and supportive.  A partial list would
-Xnecessarily include Rayan Zacherissen (who contributed the man page,
-Xand also hacked a MMAP version of \fIsdbm\fP),
-XArnold Robbins, Chris Lewis,
-XBill Davidsen, Henry Spencer, Geoff Collyer, Rich Salz (who got me started
-Xin the first place), Johannes Ruschein
-X(who did the minix port) and David Tilbrook. I thank you all.
-X.SH
-XDistribution Manifest and Notes
-X.LP
-XThis distribution of \fIsdbm\fP includes (at least) the following:
-X.P1
-X	CHANGES		change log
-X	README		this file.
-X	biblio		a small bibliography on external hashing
-X	dba.c		a crude (n/s)dbm page file analyzer
-X	dbd.c		a crude (n/s)dbm page file dumper (for conversion)
-X	dbe.1		man page for dbe.c
-X	dbe.c		Janick's database editor
-X	dbm.c		a dbm library emulation wrapper for ndbm/sdbm
-X	dbm.h		header file for the above
-X	dbu.c		a crude db management utility
-X	hash.c		hashing function
-X	makefile	guess.
-X	pair.c		page-level routines (posted earlier)
-X	pair.h		header file for the above
-X	readme.ms	troff source for the README file
-X	sdbm.3		man page
-X	sdbm.c		the real thing
-X	sdbm.h		header file for the above
-X	tune.h		place for tuning & portability thingies
-X	util.c		miscellaneous
-X.P2
-X.PP
-X.CW dbu
-Xis a simple database manipulation program\** that tries to look
-X.FS
-XThe 
-X.CW dbd ,
-X.CW dba ,
-X.CW dbu
-Xutilities are quick hacks and are not fit for production use. They were
-Xdeveloped late one night, just to test out \fIsdbm\fP, and convert some
-Xdatabases.
-X.FE
-Xlike Bell Labs'
-X.CW cbt
-Xutility. It is currently incomplete in functionality.
-XI use
-X.CW dbu
-Xto test out the routines: it takes (from stdin) tab separated
-Xkey/value pairs for commands like
-X.CW build
-Xor
-X.CW insert
-Xor takes keys for
-Xcommands like
-X.CW delete
-Xor
-X.CW look .
-X.P1
-X	dbu <build|creat|look|insert|cat|delete> dbmfile
-X.P2
-X.PP
-X.CW dba
-Xis a crude analyzer of \fIdbm/sdbm/ndbm\fP
-Xpage files. It scans the entire
-Xpage file, reporting page level statistics, and totals at the end.
-X.PP
-X.CW dbd
-Xis a crude dump program for \fIdbm/ndbm/sdbm\fP
-Xdatabases. It ignores the
-Xbitmap, and dumps the data pages in sequence. It can be used to create
-Xinput for the
-X.CW dbu 
-Xutility.
-XNote that
-X.CW dbd
-Xwill skip any NULLs in the key and data
-Xfields, thus is unsuitable to convert some peculiar databases that
-Xinsist in including the terminating null.
-X.PP
-XI have also included a copy of the
-X.CW dbe
-X(\fIndbm\fP DataBase Editor) by Janick Bergeron [janick@bnr.ca] for
-Xyour pleasure. You may find it more useful than the little
-X.CW dbu
-Xutility.
-X.PP
-X.CW dbm.[ch]
-Xis a \fIdbm\fP library emulation on top of \fIndbm\fP
-X(and hence suitable for \fIsdbm\fP). Written by Robert Elz.
-X.PP
-XThe \fIsdbm\fP
-Xlibrary has been around in beta test for quite a long time, and from whatever
-Xlittle feedback I received (maybe no news is good news), I believe it has been
-Xfunctioning without any significant problems. I would, of course, appreciate
-Xall fixes and/or improvements. Portability enhancements would especially be
-Xuseful.
-X.SH
-XImplementation Issues
-X.PP
-XHash functions:
-XThe algorithm behind \fIsdbm\fP implementation needs a good bit-scrambling
-Xhash function to be effective. I ran into a set of constants for a simple
-Xhash function that seem to help \fIsdbm\fP perform better than \fIndbm\fP
-Xfor various inputs:
-X.P1
-X	/*
-X	 * polynomial conversion ignoring overflows
-X	 * 65599 nice. 65587 even better.
-X	 */
-X	long
-X	dbm_hash(char *str, int len) {
-X		register unsigned long n = 0;
-X	
-X		while (len--)
-X			n = n * 65599 + *str++;
-X		return n;
-X	}
-X.P2
-X.PP
-XThere may be better hash functions for the purposes of dynamic hashing.
-XTry your favorite, and check the pagefile. If it contains too many pages
-Xwith too many holes, (in relation to this one for example) or if
-X\fIsdbm\fP
-Xsimply stops working (fails after 
-X.CW SPLTMAX
-Xattempts to split) when you feed your
-XNEWS 
-X.CW history
-Xfile to it, you probably do not have a good hashing function.
-XIf you do better (for different types of input), I would like to know
-Xabout the function you use.
-X.PP
-XBlock sizes: It seems (from various tests on a few machines) that a page
-Xfile block size
-X.CW PBLKSIZ
-Xof 1024 is by far the best for performance, but
-Xthis also happens to limit the size of a key/value pair. Depending on your
-Xneeds, you may wish to increase the page size, and also adjust
-X.CW PAIRMAX
-X(the maximum size of a key/value pair allowed: should always be at least
-Xthree words smaller than
-X.CW PBLKSIZ .)
-Xaccordingly. The system-wide version of the library
-Xshould probably be
-Xconfigured with 1024 (distribution default), as this appears to be sufficient
-Xfor most common uses of \fIsdbm\fP.
-X.SH
-XPortability
-X.PP
-XThis package has been tested in many different UN*Xes even including minix,
-Xand appears to be reasonably portable. This does not mean it will port
-Xeasily to non-UN*X systems.
-X.SH
-XNotes and Miscellaneous
-X.PP
-XThe \fIsdbm\fP is not a very complicated package, at least not after you
-Xfamiliarize yourself with the literature on external hashing. There are
-Xother interesting algorithms in existence that ensure (approximately)
-Xsingle-read access to a data value associated with any key. These are
-Xdirectory-less schemes such as \fIlinear hashing\fP [Lit80] (+ Larson
-Xvariations), \fIspiral storage\fP [Mar79] or directory schemes such as
-X\fIextensible hashing\fP [Fag79] by Fagin et al. I do hope these sources
-Xprovide a reasonable playground for experimentation with other algorithms.
-XSee the June 1988 issue of ACM Computing Surveys [Enb88] for an
-Xexcellent overview of the field. 
-X.PG
-X.SH
-XReferences
-X.LP
-X.IP [Lar78] 4m
-XP.-A. Larson,
-X``Dynamic Hashing'', \fIBIT\fP, vol.  18,  pp. 184-201, 1978.
-X.IP [Tho90] 4m
-XKen Thompson, \fIprivate communication\fP, Nov. 1990
-X.IP [Lit80] 4m
-XW. Litwin,
-X`` Linear Hashing: A new tool  for  file  and table addressing'',
-X\fIProceedings of the 6th Conference on Very Large  Dabatases  (Montreal)\fP,
-Xpp.  212-223,  Very Large Database Foundation, Saratoga, Calif., 1980.
-X.IP [Fag79] 4m
-XR. Fagin, J.  Nievergelt,  N.  Pippinger,  and  H.  R. Strong,
-X``Extendible Hashing - A Fast Access Method for Dynamic Files'',
-X\fIACM Trans. Database Syst.\fP, vol. 4,  no.3, pp. 315-344, Sept. 1979.
-X.IP [Wal84] 4m
-XRich Wales,
-X``Discussion of "dbm" data base system'', \fIUSENET newsgroup unix.wizards\fP,
-XJan. 1984.
-X.IP [Tor87] 4m
-XChris Torek,
-X``Re:  dbm.a  and  ndbm.a  archives'', \fIUSENET newsgroup comp.unix\fP,
-X1987.
-X.IP [Mar79] 4m
-XG. N. Martin,
-X``Spiral Storage: Incrementally  Augmentable  Hash  Addressed  Storage'',
-X\fITechnical Report #27\fP, University of Varwick, Coventry, U.K., 1979.
-X.IP [Enb88] 4m
-XR. J. Enbody and H. C. Du,
-X``Dynamic Hashing  Schemes'',\fIACM Computing Surveys\fP,
-Xvol. 20, no. 2, pp. 85-113, June 1988.
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 11691 -ne `wc -c <'readme.ms'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'readme.ms'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'readme.ms'
-fi
-if test -f 'readme.ps' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'readme.ps'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'readme.ps'\" \(33302 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'readme.ps' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X%!PS-Adobe-1.0
-X%%Creator: yetti:oz (Ozan Yigit)
-X%%Title: stdin (ditroff)
-X%%CreationDate: Thu Dec 13 15:56:08 1990
-X%%EndComments
-X% lib/psdit.pro -- prolog for psdit (ditroff) files
-X% Copyright (c) 1984, 1985 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
-X% last edit: shore Sat Nov 23 20:28:03 1985
-X% RCSID: $Header: psdit.pro,v 2.1 85/11/24 12:19:43 shore Rel $
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-X  /pagesave save def}def
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-X/arctoobig 90 def /arctoosmall .05 def
-X/m1 matrix def /m2 matrix def /m3 matrix def /oldmat matrix def
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-X% this will enable us to 
-X%	cache the little buggers
-X%	generate faster, more compact PS out of psdit
-X%	confuse everyone (including myself)!
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-X1231(#27)X
-X1 f
-X(,)S
-X1391(University)X
-X1749(of)X
-X1836(Varwick,)X
-X2153(Coventry,)X
-X2491(U.K.,)X
-X2687(1979.)X
-X555 2172([Enb88])N
-X875(R.)X
-X977(J.)X
-X1057(Enbody)X
-X1335(and)X
-X1480(H.)X
-X1586(C.)X
-X1687(Du,)X
-X1833(``Dynamic)X
-X2209(Hashing)X
-X2524(Schemes'',)X
-X2 f
-X2883(ACM)X
-X3080(Computing)X
-X3463(Surveys)X
-X1 f
-X3713(,)X
-X3761(vol.)X
-X3911(20,)X
-X875 2268(no.)N
-X995(2,)X
-X1075(pp.)X
-X1195(85-113,)X
-X1462(June)X
-X1629(1988.)X
-X
-X4 p
-X%%Trailer
-Xxt
-X
-Xxs
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 33302 -ne `wc -c <'readme.ps'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'readme.ps'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'readme.ps'
-fi
-if test -f 'sdbm.3' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'sdbm.3'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'sdbm.3'\" \(8952 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'sdbm.3' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X.\" $Id: sdbm.3,v 1.2 90/12/13 13:00:57 oz Exp $
-X.TH SDBM 3 "1 March 1990"
-X.SH NAME
-Xsdbm, dbm_open, dbm_prep, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_hash, dbm_rdonly, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_dirfno, dbm_pagfno \- data base subroutines
-X.SH SYNOPSIS
-X.nf
-X.ft B
-X#include <sdbm.h>
-X.sp
-Xtypedef struct {
-X	char *dptr;
-X	int dsize;
-X} datum;
-X.sp
-Xdatum nullitem = { NULL, 0 };
-X.sp
-X\s-1DBM\s0 *dbm_open(char *file, int flags, int mode)
-X.sp
-X\s-1DBM\s0 *dbm_prep(char *dirname, char *pagname, int flags, int mode)
-X.sp
-Xvoid dbm_close(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-X.sp
-Xdatum dbm_fetch(\s-1DBM\s0 *db, key)
-X.sp
-Xint dbm_store(\s-1DBM\s0 *db, datum key, datum val, int flags)
-X.sp
-Xint dbm_delete(\s-1DBM\s0 *db, datum key)
-X.sp
-Xdatum dbm_firstkey(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-X.sp
-Xdatum dbm_nextkey(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-X.sp
-Xlong dbm_hash(char *string, int len)
-X.sp
-Xint dbm_rdonly(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-Xint dbm_error(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-Xdbm_clearerr(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-Xint dbm_dirfno(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-Xint dbm_pagfno(\s-1DBM\s0 *db)
-X.ft R
-X.fi
-X.SH DESCRIPTION
-X.IX "database library" sdbm "" "\fLsdbm\fR"
-X.IX dbm_open "" "\fLdbm_open\fR \(em open \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_prep "" "\fLdbm_prep\fR \(em prepare \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_close "" "\fLdbm_close\fR \(em close \fLsdbm\fR routine"
-X.IX dbm_fetch "" "\fLdbm_fetch\fR \(em fetch \fLsdbm\fR database data"
-X.IX dbm_store "" "\fLdbm_store\fR \(em add data to \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_delete "" "\fLdbm_delete\fR \(em remove data from \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_firstkey "" "\fLdbm_firstkey\fR \(em access \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_nextkey "" "\fLdbm_nextkey\fR \(em access \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_hash "" "\fLdbm_hash\fR \(em string hash for \fLsdbm\fR database"
-X.IX dbm_rdonly "" "\fLdbm_rdonly\fR \(em return \fLsdbm\fR database read-only mode"
-X.IX dbm_error "" "\fLdbm_error\fR \(em return \fLsdbm\fR database error condition"
-X.IX dbm_clearerr "" "\fLdbm_clearerr\fR \(em clear \fLsdbm\fR database error condition"
-X.IX dbm_dirfno "" "\fLdbm_dirfno\fR \(em return \fLsdbm\fR database bitmap file descriptor"
-X.IX dbm_pagfno "" "\fLdbm_pagfno\fR \(em return \fLsdbm\fR database data file descriptor"
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_open  ""  \fLdbm_open\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_prep  ""  \fLdbm_prep\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_close  ""  \fLdbm_close\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_fetch  ""  \fLdbm_fetch\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_store  ""  \fLdbm_store\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_delete  ""  \fLdbm_delete\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_firstkey  ""  \fLdbm_firstkey\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_nextkey  ""  \fLdbm_nextkey\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_rdonly  ""  \fLdbm_rdonly\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_error  ""  \fLdbm_error\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_clearerr  ""  \fLdbm_clearerr\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_dirfno  ""  \fLdbm_dirfno\fP
-X.IX "database functions \(em \fLsdbm\fR"  dbm_pagfno  ""  \fLdbm_pagfno\fP
-X.LP
-XThis package allows an application to maintain a mapping of <key,value> pairs
-Xin disk files.  This is not to be considered a real database system, but is
-Xstill useful in many simple applications built around fast retrieval of a data
-Xvalue from a key.  This implementation uses an external hashing scheme,
-Xcalled Dynamic Hashing, as described by Per-Aake Larson in BIT 18 (1978) pp.
-X184-201.  Retrieval of any item usually requires a single disk access.
-XThe application interface is compatible with the
-X.IR ndbm (3)
-Xlibrary.
-X.LP
-XAn
-X.B sdbm
-Xdatabase is kept in two files usually given the extensions
-X.B \.dir
-Xand
-X.BR \.pag .
-XThe
-X.B \.dir
-Xfile contains a bitmap representing a forest of binary hash trees, the leaves
-Xof which indicate data pages in the
-X.B \.pag
-Xfile.
-X.LP
-XThe application interface uses the
-X.B datum
-Xstructure to describe both
-X.I keys
-Xand
-X.IR value s.
-XA
-X.B datum
-Xspecifies a byte sequence of
-X.I dsize
-Xsize pointed to by
-X.IR dptr .
-XIf you use
-X.SM ASCII
-Xstrings as
-X.IR key s
-Xor
-X.IR value s,
-Xthen you must decide whether or not to include the terminating
-X.SM NUL
-Xbyte which sometimes defines strings.  Including it will require larger
-Xdatabase files, but it will be possible to get sensible output from a
-X.IR strings (1)
-Xcommand applied to the data file.
-X.LP
-XIn order to allow a process using this package to manipulate multiple
-Xdatabases, the applications interface always requires a
-X.IR handle ,
-Xa
-X.BR "DBM *" ,
-Xto identify the database to be manipulated.  Such a handle can be obtained
-Xfrom the only routines that do not require it, namely
-X.BR dbm_open (\|)
-Xor
-X.BR dbm_prep (\|).
-XEither of these will open or create the two necessary files.  The
-Xdifference is that the latter allows explicitly naming the bitmap and data
-Xfiles whereas
-X.BR dbm_open (\|)
-Xwill take a base file name and call
-X.BR dbm_prep (\|)
-Xwith the default extensions.
-XThe
-X.I flags
-Xand
-X.I mode
-Xparameters are the same as for
-X.BR open (2).
-X.LP
-XTo free the resources occupied while a database handle is active, call
-X.BR dbm_close (\|).
-X.LP
-XGiven a handle, one can retrieve data associated with a key by using the
-X.BR dbm_fetch (\|)
-Xroutine, and associate data with a key by using the
-X.BR dbm_store (\|)
-Xroutine.
-X.LP
-XThe values of the
-X.I flags
-Xparameter for
-X.BR dbm_store (\|)
-Xcan be either
-X.BR \s-1DBM_INSERT\s0 ,
-Xwhich will not change an existing entry with the same key, or
-X.BR \s-1DBM_REPLACE\s0 ,
-Xwhich will replace an existing entry with the same key.
-XKeys are unique within the database.
-X.LP
-XTo delete a key and its associated value use the
-X.BR dbm_delete (\|)
-Xroutine.
-X.LP
-XTo retrieve every key in the database, use a loop like:
-X.sp
-X.nf
-X.ft B
-Xfor (key = dbm_firstkey(db); key.dptr != NULL; key = dbm_nextkey(db))
-X        ;
-X.ft R
-X.fi
-X.LP
-XThe order of retrieval is unspecified.
-X.LP
-XIf you determine that the performance of the database is inadequate or
-Xyou notice clustering or other effects that may be due to the hashing
-Xalgorithm used by this package, you can override it by supplying your
-Xown
-X.BR dbm_hash (\|)
-Xroutine.  Doing so will make the database unintelligable to any other
-Xapplications that do not use your specialized hash function.
-X.sp
-X.LP
-XThe following macros are defined in the header file:
-X.IP
-X.BR dbm_rdonly (\|)
-Xreturns true if the database has been opened read\-only.
-X.IP
-X.BR dbm_error (\|)
-Xreturns true if an I/O error has occurred.
-X.IP
-X.BR dbm_clearerr (\|)
-Xallows you to clear the error flag if you think you know what the error
-Xwas and insist on ignoring it.
-X.IP
-X.BR dbm_dirfno (\|)
-Xreturns the file descriptor associated with the bitmap file.
-X.IP
-X.BR dbm_pagfno (\|)
-Xreturns the file descriptor associated with the data file.
-X.SH SEE ALSO
-X.IR open (2).
-X.SH DIAGNOSTICS
-XFunctions that return a
-X.B "DBM *"
-Xhandle will use
-X.SM NULL
-Xto indicate an error.
-XFunctions that return an
-X.B int
-Xwill use \-1 to indicate an error.  The normal return value in that case is 0.
-XFunctions that return a
-X.B datum
-Xwill return
-X.B nullitem
-Xto indicate an error.
-X.LP
-XAs a special case of
-X.BR dbm_store (\|),
-Xif it is called with the
-X.B \s-1DBM_INSERT\s0
-Xflag and the key already exists in the database, the return value will be 1.
-X.LP
-XIn general, if a function parameter is invalid,
-X.B errno
-Xwill be set to
-X.BR \s-1EINVAL\s0 .
-XIf a write operation is requested on a read-only database,
-X.B errno
-Xwill be set to
-X.BR \s-1ENOPERM\s0 .
-XIf a memory allocation (using
-X.IR malloc (3))
-Xfailed,
-X.B errno
-Xwill be set to
-X.BR \s-1ENOMEM\s0 .
-XFor I/O operation failures
-X.B errno
-Xwill contain the value set by the relevant failed system call, either
-X.IR read (2),
-X.IR write (2),
-Xor
-X.IR lseek (2).
-X.SH AUTHOR
-X.IP "Ozan S. Yigit" (oz@nexus.yorku.ca)
-X.SH BUGS
-XThe sum of key and value data sizes must not exceed
-X.B \s-1PAIRMAX\s0
-X(1008 bytes).
-X.LP
-XThe sum of the key and value data sizes where several keys hash to the
-Xsame value must fit within one bitmap page.
-X.LP
-XThe
-X.B \.pag
-Xfile will contain holes, so its apparent size is larger than its contents.
-XWhen copied through the filesystem the holes will be filled.
-X.LP
-XThe contents of
-X.B datum
-Xvalues returned are in volatile storage.  If you want to retain the values
-Xpointed to, you must copy them immediately before another call to this package.
-X.LP
-XThe only safe way for multiple processes to (read and) update a database at
-Xthe same time, is to implement a private locking scheme outside this package
-Xand open and close the database between lock acquisitions.  It is safe for
-Xmultiple processes to concurrently access a database read-only.
-X.SH APPLICATIONS PORTABILITY
-XFor complete source code compatibility with the Berkeley Unix
-X.IR ndbm (3)
-Xlibrary, the 
-X.B sdbm.h
-Xheader file should be installed in
-X.BR /usr/include/ndbm.h .
-X.LP
-XThe
-X.B nullitem
-Xdata item, and the
-X.BR dbm_prep (\|),
-X.BR dbm_hash (\|),
-X.BR dbm_rdonly (\|),
-X.BR dbm_dirfno (\|),
-Xand
-X.BR dbm_pagfno (\|)
-Xfunctions are unique to this package.
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 8952 -ne `wc -c <'sdbm.3'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'sdbm.3'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'sdbm.3'
-fi
-if test -f 'sdbm.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'sdbm.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'sdbm.c'\" \(11029 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'sdbm.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * sdbm - ndbm work-alike hashed database library
-X * based on Per-Aake Larson's Dynamic Hashing algorithms. BIT 18 (1978).
-X * author: oz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X * status: public domain.
-X *
-X * core routines
-X */
-X
-X#ifndef lint
-Xstatic char rcsid[] = "$Id: sdbm.c,v 1.16 90/12/13 13:01:31 oz Exp $";
-X#endif
-X
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X#include "tune.h"
-X#include "pair.h"
-X
-X#include <sys/types.h>
-X#include <sys/stat.h>
-X#ifdef BSD42
-X#include <sys/file.h>
-X#else
-X#include <fcntl.h>
-X#include <memory.h>
-X#endif
-X#include <errno.h>
-X#include <string.h>
-X
-X#ifdef __STDC__
-X#include <stddef.h>
-X#endif
-X
-X#ifndef NULL
-X#define NULL	0
-X#endif
-X
-X/*
-X * externals
-X */
-X#ifndef sun
-Xextern int errno;
-X#endif
-X
-Xextern char *malloc proto((unsigned int));
-Xextern void free proto((void *));
-Xextern long lseek();
-X
-X/*
-X * forward
-X */
-Xstatic int getdbit proto((DBM *, long));
-Xstatic int setdbit proto((DBM *, long));
-Xstatic int getpage proto((DBM *, long));
-Xstatic datum getnext proto((DBM *));
-Xstatic int makroom proto((DBM *, long, int));
-X
-X/*
-X * useful macros
-X */
-X#define bad(x)		((x).dptr == NULL || (x).dsize <= 0)
-X#define exhash(item)	dbm_hash((item).dptr, (item).dsize)
-X#define ioerr(db)	((db)->flags |= DBM_IOERR)
-X
-X#define OFF_PAG(off)	(long) (off) * PBLKSIZ
-X#define OFF_DIR(off)	(long) (off) * DBLKSIZ
-X
-Xstatic long masks[] = {
-X	000000000000, 000000000001, 000000000003, 000000000007,
-X	000000000017, 000000000037, 000000000077, 000000000177,
-X	000000000377, 000000000777, 000000001777, 000000003777,
-X	000000007777, 000000017777, 000000037777, 000000077777,
-X	000000177777, 000000377777, 000000777777, 000001777777,
-X	000003777777, 000007777777, 000017777777, 000037777777,
-X	000077777777, 000177777777, 000377777777, 000777777777,
-X	001777777777, 003777777777, 007777777777, 017777777777
-X};
-X
-Xdatum nullitem = {NULL, 0};
-X
-XDBM *
-Xdbm_open(file, flags, mode)
-Xregister char *file;
-Xregister int flags;
-Xregister int mode;
-X{
-X	register DBM *db;
-X	register char *dirname;
-X	register char *pagname;
-X	register int n;
-X
-X	if (file == NULL || !*file)
-X		return errno = EINVAL, (DBM *) NULL;
-X/*
-X * need space for two seperate filenames
-X */
-X	n = strlen(file) * 2 + strlen(DIRFEXT) + strlen(PAGFEXT) + 2;
-X
-X	if ((dirname = malloc((unsigned) n)) == NULL)
-X		return errno = ENOMEM, (DBM *) NULL;
-X/*
-X * build the file names
-X */
-X	dirname = strcat(strcpy(dirname, file), DIRFEXT);
-X	pagname = strcpy(dirname + strlen(dirname) + 1, file);
-X	pagname = strcat(pagname, PAGFEXT);
-X
-X	db = dbm_prep(dirname, pagname, flags, mode);
-X	free((char *) dirname);
-X	return db;
-X}
-X
-XDBM *
-Xdbm_prep(dirname, pagname, flags, mode)
-Xchar *dirname;
-Xchar *pagname;
-Xint flags;
-Xint mode;
-X{
-X	register DBM *db;
-X	struct stat dstat;
-X
-X	if ((db = (DBM *) malloc(sizeof(DBM))) == NULL)
-X		return errno = ENOMEM, (DBM *) NULL;
-X
-X        db->flags = 0;
-X        db->hmask = 0;
-X        db->blkptr = 0;
-X        db->keyptr = 0;
-X/*
-X * adjust user flags so that WRONLY becomes RDWR, 
-X * as required by this package. Also set our internal
-X * flag for RDONLY if needed.
-X */
-X	if (flags & O_WRONLY)
-X		flags = (flags & ~O_WRONLY) | O_RDWR;
-X
-X	else if ((flags & 03) == O_RDONLY)
-X		db->flags = DBM_RDONLY;
-X/*
-X * open the files in sequence, and stat the dirfile.
-X * If we fail anywhere, undo everything, return NULL.
-X */
-X	if ((db->pagf = open(pagname, flags, mode)) > -1) {
-X		if ((db->dirf = open(dirname, flags, mode)) > -1) {
-X/*
-X * need the dirfile size to establish max bit number.
-X */
-X			if (fstat(db->dirf, &dstat) == 0) {
-X/*
-X * zero size: either a fresh database, or one with a single,
-X * unsplit data page: dirpage is all zeros.
-X */
-X				db->dirbno = (!dstat.st_size) ? 0 : -1;
-X				db->pagbno = -1;
-X				db->maxbno = dstat.st_size * BYTESIZ;
-X
-X				(void) memset(db->pagbuf, 0, PBLKSIZ);
-X				(void) memset(db->dirbuf, 0, DBLKSIZ);
-X			/*
-X			 * success
-X			 */
-X				return db;
-X			}
-X			(void) close(db->dirf);
-X		}
-X		(void) close(db->pagf);
-X	}
-X	free((char *) db);
-X	return (DBM *) NULL;
-X}
-X
-Xvoid
-Xdbm_close(db)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-X{
-X	if (db == NULL)
-X		errno = EINVAL;
-X	else {
-X		(void) close(db->dirf);
-X		(void) close(db->pagf);
-X		free((char *) db);
-X	}
-X}
-X
-Xdatum
-Xdbm_fetch(db, key)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X	if (db == NULL || bad(key))
-X		return errno = EINVAL, nullitem;
-X
-X	if (getpage(db, exhash(key)))
-X		return getpair(db->pagbuf, key);
-X
-X	return ioerr(db), nullitem;
-X}
-X
-Xint
-Xdbm_delete(db, key)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xdatum key;
-X{
-X	if (db == NULL || bad(key))
-X		return errno = EINVAL, -1;
-X	if (dbm_rdonly(db))
-X		return errno = EPERM, -1;
-X
-X	if (getpage(db, exhash(key))) {
-X		if (!delpair(db->pagbuf, key))
-X			return -1;
-X/*
-X * update the page file
-X */
-X		if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(db->pagbno), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X		    || write(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return ioerr(db), -1;
-X
-X		return 0;
-X	}
-X
-X	return ioerr(db), -1;
-X}
-X
-Xint
-Xdbm_store(db, key, val, flags)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xdatum key;
-Xdatum val;
-Xint flags;
-X{
-X	int need;
-X	register long hash;
-X
-X	if (db == NULL || bad(key))
-X		return errno = EINVAL, -1;
-X	if (dbm_rdonly(db))
-X		return errno = EPERM, -1;
-X
-X	need = key.dsize + val.dsize;
-X/*
-X * is the pair too big (or too small) for this database ??
-X */
-X	if (need < 0 || need > PAIRMAX)
-X		return errno = EINVAL, -1;
-X
-X	if (getpage(db, (hash = exhash(key)))) {
-X/*
-X * if we need to replace, delete the key/data pair
-X * first. If it is not there, ignore.
-X */
-X		if (flags == DBM_REPLACE)
-X			(void) delpair(db->pagbuf, key);
-X#ifdef SEEDUPS
-X		else if (duppair(db->pagbuf, key))
-X			return 1;
-X#endif
-X/*
-X * if we do not have enough room, we have to split.
-X */
-X		if (!fitpair(db->pagbuf, need))
-X			if (!makroom(db, hash, need))
-X				return ioerr(db), -1;
-X/*
-X * we have enough room or split is successful. insert the key,
-X * and update the page file.
-X */
-X		(void) putpair(db->pagbuf, key, val);
-X
-X		if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(db->pagbno), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X		    || write(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return ioerr(db), -1;
-X	/*
-X	 * success
-X	 */
-X		return 0;
-X	}
-X
-X	return ioerr(db), -1;
-X}
-X
-X/*
-X * makroom - make room by splitting the overfull page
-X * this routine will attempt to make room for SPLTMAX times before
-X * giving up.
-X */
-Xstatic int
-Xmakroom(db, hash, need)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xlong hash;
-Xint need;
-X{
-X	long newp;
-X	char twin[PBLKSIZ];
-X	char *pag = db->pagbuf;
-X	char *new = twin;
-X	register int smax = SPLTMAX;
-X
-X	do {
-X/*
-X * split the current page
-X */
-X		(void) splpage(pag, new, db->hmask + 1);
-X/*
-X * address of the new page
-X */
-X		newp = (hash & db->hmask) | (db->hmask + 1);
-X
-X/*
-X * write delay, read avoidence/cache shuffle:
-X * select the page for incoming pair: if key is to go to the new page,
-X * write out the previous one, and copy the new one over, thus making
-X * it the current page. If not, simply write the new page, and we are
-X * still looking at the page of interest. current page is not updated
-X * here, as dbm_store will do so, after it inserts the incoming pair.
-X */
-X		if (hash & (db->hmask + 1)) {
-X			if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(db->pagbno), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X			    || write(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X				return 0;
-X			db->pagbno = newp;
-X			(void) memcpy(pag, new, PBLKSIZ);
-X		}
-X		else if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(newp), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X			 || write(db->pagf, new, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return 0;
-X
-X		if (!setdbit(db, db->curbit))
-X			return 0;
-X/*
-X * see if we have enough room now
-X */
-X		if (fitpair(pag, need))
-X			return 1;
-X/*
-X * try again... update curbit and hmask as getpage would have
-X * done. because of our update of the current page, we do not
-X * need to read in anything. BUT we have to write the current
-X * [deferred] page out, as the window of failure is too great.
-X */
-X		db->curbit = 2 * db->curbit +
-X			((hash & (db->hmask + 1)) ? 2 : 1);
-X		db->hmask |= db->hmask + 1;
-X
-X		if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(db->pagbno), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X		    || write(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return 0;
-X
-X	} while (--smax);
-X/*
-X * if we are here, this is real bad news. After SPLTMAX splits,
-X * we still cannot fit the key. say goodnight.
-X */
-X#ifdef BADMESS
-X	(void) write(2, "sdbm: cannot insert after SPLTMAX attempts.\n", 44);
-X#endif
-X	return 0;
-X
-X}
-X
-X/*
-X * the following two routines will break if
-X * deletions aren't taken into account. (ndbm bug)
-X */
-Xdatum
-Xdbm_firstkey(db)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-X{
-X	if (db == NULL)
-X		return errno = EINVAL, nullitem;
-X/*
-X * start at page 0
-X */
-X	if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(0), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X	    || read(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X		return ioerr(db), nullitem;
-X	db->pagbno = 0;
-X	db->blkptr = 0;
-X	db->keyptr = 0;
-X
-X	return getnext(db);
-X}
-X
-Xdatum
-Xdbm_nextkey(db)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-X{
-X	if (db == NULL)
-X		return errno = EINVAL, nullitem;
-X	return getnext(db);
-X}
-X
-X/*
-X * all important binary trie traversal
-X */
-Xstatic int
-Xgetpage(db, hash)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xregister long hash;
-X{
-X	register int hbit;
-X	register long dbit;
-X	register long pagb;
-X
-X	dbit = 0;
-X	hbit = 0;
-X	while (dbit < db->maxbno && getdbit(db, dbit))
-X		dbit = 2 * dbit + ((hash & (1 << hbit++)) ? 2 : 1);
-X
-X	debug(("dbit: %d...", dbit));
-X
-X	db->curbit = dbit;
-X	db->hmask = masks[hbit];
-X
-X	pagb = hash & db->hmask;
-X/*
-X * see if the block we need is already in memory.
-X * note: this lookaside cache has about 10% hit rate.
-X */
-X	if (pagb != db->pagbno) { 
-X/*
-X * note: here, we assume a "hole" is read as 0s.
-X * if not, must zero pagbuf first.
-X */
-X		if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(pagb), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X		    || read(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return 0;
-X		if (!chkpage(db->pagbuf))
-X			return 0;
-X		db->pagbno = pagb;
-X
-X		debug(("pag read: %d\n", pagb));
-X	}
-X	return 1;
-X}
-X
-Xstatic int
-Xgetdbit(db, dbit)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xregister long dbit;
-X{
-X	register long c;
-X	register long dirb;
-X
-X	c = dbit / BYTESIZ;
-X	dirb = c / DBLKSIZ;
-X
-X	if (dirb != db->dirbno) {
-X		if (lseek(db->dirf, OFF_DIR(dirb), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X		    || read(db->dirf, db->dirbuf, DBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return 0;
-X		db->dirbno = dirb;
-X
-X		debug(("dir read: %d\n", dirb));
-X	}
-X
-X	return db->dirbuf[c % DBLKSIZ] & (1 << dbit % BYTESIZ);
-X}
-X
-Xstatic int
-Xsetdbit(db, dbit)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-Xregister long dbit;
-X{
-X	register long c;
-X	register long dirb;
-X
-X	c = dbit / BYTESIZ;
-X	dirb = c / DBLKSIZ;
-X
-X	if (dirb != db->dirbno) {
-X		if (lseek(db->dirf, OFF_DIR(dirb), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X		    || read(db->dirf, db->dirbuf, DBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X			return 0;
-X		db->dirbno = dirb;
-X
-X		debug(("dir read: %d\n", dirb));
-X	}
-X
-X	db->dirbuf[c % DBLKSIZ] |= (1 << dbit % BYTESIZ);
-X
-X	if (dbit >= db->maxbno)
-X		db->maxbno += DBLKSIZ * BYTESIZ;
-X
-X	if (lseek(db->dirf, OFF_DIR(dirb), SEEK_SET) < 0
-X	    || write(db->dirf, db->dirbuf, DBLKSIZ) < 0)
-X		return 0;
-X
-X	return 1;
-X}
-X
-X/*
-X * getnext - get the next key in the page, and if done with
-X * the page, try the next page in sequence
-X */
-Xstatic datum
-Xgetnext(db)
-Xregister DBM *db;
-X{
-X	datum key;
-X
-X	for (;;) {
-X		db->keyptr++;
-X		key = getnkey(db->pagbuf, db->keyptr);
-X		if (key.dptr != NULL)
-X			return key;
-X/*
-X * we either run out, or there is nothing on this page..
-X * try the next one... If we lost our position on the
-X * file, we will have to seek.
-X */
-X		db->keyptr = 0;
-X		if (db->pagbno != db->blkptr++)
-X			if (lseek(db->pagf, OFF_PAG(db->blkptr), SEEK_SET) < 0)
-X				break;
-X		db->pagbno = db->blkptr;
-X		if (read(db->pagf, db->pagbuf, PBLKSIZ) <= 0)
-X			break;
-X		if (!chkpage(db->pagbuf))
-X			break;
-X	}
-X
-X	return ioerr(db), nullitem;
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 11029 -ne `wc -c <'sdbm.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'sdbm.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'sdbm.c'
-fi
-if test -f 'sdbm.h' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'sdbm.h'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'sdbm.h'\" \(2174 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'sdbm.h' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * sdbm - ndbm work-alike hashed database library
-X * based on Per-Ake Larson's Dynamic Hashing algorithms. BIT 18 (1978).
-X * author: oz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X * status: public domain. 
-X */
-X#define DBLKSIZ 4096
-X#define PBLKSIZ 1024
-X#define PAIRMAX 1008			/* arbitrary on PBLKSIZ-N */
-X#define SPLTMAX	10			/* maximum allowed splits */
-X					/* for a single insertion */
-X#define DIRFEXT	".dir"
-X#define PAGFEXT	".pag"
-X
-Xtypedef struct {
-X	int dirf;		       /* directory file descriptor */
-X	int pagf;		       /* page file descriptor */
-X	int flags;		       /* status/error flags, see below */
-X	long maxbno;		       /* size of dirfile in bits */
-X	long curbit;		       /* current bit number */
-X	long hmask;		       /* current hash mask */
-X	long blkptr;		       /* current block for nextkey */
-X	int keyptr;		       /* current key for nextkey */
-X	long blkno;		       /* current page to read/write */
-X	long pagbno;		       /* current page in pagbuf */
-X	char pagbuf[PBLKSIZ];	       /* page file block buffer */
-X	long dirbno;		       /* current block in dirbuf */
-X	char dirbuf[DBLKSIZ];	       /* directory file block buffer */
-X} DBM;
-X
-X#define DBM_RDONLY	0x1	       /* data base open read-only */
-X#define DBM_IOERR	0x2	       /* data base I/O error */
-X
-X/*
-X * utility macros
-X */
-X#define dbm_rdonly(db)		((db)->flags & DBM_RDONLY)
-X#define dbm_error(db)		((db)->flags & DBM_IOERR)
-X
-X#define dbm_clearerr(db)	((db)->flags &= ~DBM_IOERR)  /* ouch */
-X
-X#define dbm_dirfno(db)	((db)->dirf)
-X#define dbm_pagfno(db)	((db)->pagf)
-X
-Xtypedef struct {
-X	char *dptr;
-X	int dsize;
-X} datum;
-X
-Xextern datum nullitem;
-X
-X#ifdef __STDC__
-X#define proto(p) p
-X#else
-X#define proto(p) ()
-X#endif
-X
-X/*
-X * flags to dbm_store
-X */
-X#define DBM_INSERT	0
-X#define DBM_REPLACE	1
-X
-X/*
-X * ndbm interface
-X */
-Xextern DBM *dbm_open proto((char *, int, int));
-Xextern void dbm_close proto((DBM *));
-Xextern datum dbm_fetch proto((DBM *, datum));
-Xextern int dbm_delete proto((DBM *, datum));
-Xextern int dbm_store proto((DBM *, datum, datum, int));
-Xextern datum dbm_firstkey proto((DBM *));
-Xextern datum dbm_nextkey proto((DBM *));
-X
-X/*
-X * other
-X */
-Xextern DBM *dbm_prep proto((char *, char *, int, int));
-Xextern long dbm_hash proto((char *, int));
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 2174 -ne `wc -c <'sdbm.h'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'sdbm.h'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'sdbm.h'
-fi
-if test -f 'tune.h' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'tune.h'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'tune.h'\" \(665 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'tune.h' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X/*
-X * sdbm - ndbm work-alike hashed database library
-X * tuning and portability constructs [not nearly enough]
-X * author: oz@nexus.yorku.ca
-X */
-X
-X#define BYTESIZ		8
-X
-X#ifdef SVID
-X#include <unistd.h>
-X#endif
-X
-X#ifdef BSD42
-X#define SEEK_SET	L_SET
-X#define	memset(s,c,n)	bzero(s, n)		/* only when c is zero */
-X#define	memcpy(s1,s2,n)	bcopy(s2, s1, n)
-X#define	memcmp(s1,s2,n)	bcmp(s1,s2,n)
-X#endif
-X
-X/*
-X * important tuning parms (hah)
-X */
-X
-X#define SEEDUPS			/* always detect duplicates */
-X#define BADMESS			/* generate a message for worst case:
-X				   cannot make room after SPLTMAX splits */
-X/*
-X * misc
-X */
-X#ifdef DEBUG
-X#define debug(x)	printf x
-X#else
-X#define debug(x)
-X#endif
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 665 -ne `wc -c <'tune.h'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'tune.h'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'tune.h'
-fi
-if test -f 'util.c' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then 
-  echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'util.c'\"
-else
-echo shar: Extracting \"'util.c'\" \(767 characters\)
-sed "s/^X//" >'util.c' <<'END_OF_FILE'
-X#include <stdio.h>
-X#ifdef SDBM
-X#include "sdbm.h"
-X#else
-X#include "ndbm.h"
-X#endif
-X
-Xvoid
-Xoops(s1, s2)
-Xregister char *s1;
-Xregister char *s2;
-X{
-X	extern int errno, sys_nerr;
-X	extern char *sys_errlist[];
-X	extern char *progname;
-X
-X	if (progname)
-X		fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
-X	fprintf(stderr, s1, s2);
-X	if (errno > 0 && errno < sys_nerr)
-X		fprintf(stderr, " (%s)", sys_errlist[errno]);
-X	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-X	exit(1);
-X}
-X
-Xint
-Xokpage(pag)
-Xchar *pag;
-X{
-X	register unsigned n;
-X	register off;
-X	register short *ino = (short *) pag;
-X
-X	if ((n = ino[0]) > PBLKSIZ / sizeof(short))
-X		return 0;
-X
-X	if (!n)
-X		return 1;
-X
-X	off = PBLKSIZ;
-X	for (ino++; n; ino += 2) {
-X		if (ino[0] > off || ino[1] > off ||
-X		    ino[1] > ino[0])
-X			return 0;
-X		off = ino[1];
-X		n -= 2;
-X	}
-X
-X	return 1;
-X}
-END_OF_FILE
-if test 767 -ne `wc -c <'util.c'`; then
-    echo shar: \"'util.c'\" unpacked with wrong size!
-fi
-# end of 'util.c'
-fi
-echo shar: End of shell archive.
-exit 0
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/Makefile b/ext/dbm/sdbm/Makefile
deleted file mode 100755
index 80b09cd37b..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-#
-# This Makefile is for the library part of sdbm.  For the
-# Full package, see makefile.sdbm.
-# 
-# Makefile for public domain ndbm-clone: sdbm
-# DUFF: use duff's device (loop unroll) in parts of the code
-#
-#
-CC = cc
-ranlib = /usr/bin/ranlib
-TOP = ../../..
-LDFLAGS = 
-CLDFLAGS = 
-SMALL = 
-LARGE =  
-
-# To use an alternate make, set  in config.sh.
-MAKE = make
-
-SHELL = /bin/sh
-CCCMD = `sh $(shellflags) $(TOP)/cflags $@`
-
-.c.o:
-	$(CCCMD) -I$(TOP) -DSDBM -DDUFF $*.c
-
-LIBOBJS = sdbm.o pair.o hash.o
-LIBSRCS = sdbm.c pair.c hash.c
-HDRS = tune.h sdbm.h pair.h $(TOP)/config.h
-
-libsdbm.a: $(LIBOBJS)
-	ar cr libsdbm.a $(LIBOBJS)
-	$(ranlib) libsdbm.a
-
-$(LIBOBJS): $(HDRS)
-
-lint:
-	lint -abchx $(LIBSRCS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -f *.o *.a mon.out core
-
-realclean: 	clean
-	rm -f dbu libsdbm.a dbd dba dbe x-dbu *.dir *.pag
-	rm -f makefile Makefile
-
-purge:	realclean
-
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/libsdbm.a b/ext/dbm/sdbm/libsdbm.a
deleted file mode 100644
index baf4b73942..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/libsdbm.a
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/libsdbm_pure_q552_110.a b/ext/dbm/sdbm/libsdbm_pure_q552_110.a
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b426e8154..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/libsdbm_pure_q552_110.a
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dbm/sdbm/makefile b/ext/dbm/sdbm/makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index c959c1fab5..0000000000
--- a/ext/dbm/sdbm/makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-#
-# makefile for public domain ndbm-clone: sdbm
-# DUFF: use duff's device (loop unroll) in parts of the code
-#
-CFLAGS = -O -DSDBM -DDUFF -DBSD42 -pic
-#LDFLAGS = -p
-
-OBJS = sdbm.o pair.o hash.o
-SRCS = sdbm.c pair.c hash.c dbu.c dba.c dbd.c util.c
-HDRS = tune.h sdbm.h pair.h
-MISC = README CHANGES COMPARE sdbm.3 dbe.c dbe.1 dbm.c dbm.h biblio \
-       readme.ms readme.ps
-
-all: dbu dba dbd dbe
-
-dbu: dbu.o sdbm util.o
-	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dbu dbu.o util.o libsdbm.a
-
-dba: dba.o util.o
-	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dba dba.o util.o
-dbd: dbd.o util.o
-	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dbd dbd.o util.o
-dbe: dbe.o sdbm
-	cc $(LDFLAGS) -o dbe dbe.o libsdbm.a
-
-sdbm: $(OBJS)
-	ar cr libsdbm.a $(OBJS)
-	ranlib libsdbm.a
-###	cp libsdbm.a /usr/lib/libsdbm.a
-
-dba.o: sdbm.h
-dbu.o: sdbm.h
-util.o:sdbm.h
-
-$(OBJS): sdbm.h tune.h pair.h
-
-#
-# dbu using berkelezoid ndbm routines [if you have them] for testing
-#
-#x-dbu: dbu.o util.o
-#	cc $(CFLAGS) -o x-dbu dbu.o util.o
-lint:
-	lint -abchx $(SRCS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -f *.o mon.out core
-
-purge: 	clean
-	rm -f dbu libsdbm.a dbd dba dbe x-dbu *.dir *.pag
-
-shar:
-	shar $(MISC) makefile $(SRCS) $(HDRS) >SDBM.SHAR
-
-readme:
-	nroff -ms readme.ms | col -b >README
diff --git a/ext/dl/dl.c b/ext/dl/dl.c
deleted file mode 100644
index d514f81897..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/dl.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-#include <dlfcn.h>
-
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-
-static int
-XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap(ix, ax, items)
-register int ix;
-register int ax;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: DynamicLoader::bootstrap(package)");
-    }
-    {
-	char*	package = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	void* obj = 0;
-	int (*bootproc)();
-	char tmpbuf[1024];
-	char tmpbuf2[128];
-	AV *av = GvAVn(incgv);
-	I32 i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i <= AvFILL(av); i++) {
-	    (void)sprintf(tmpbuf, "%s/auto/%s/%s.so",
-		SvPVx(*av_fetch(av, i, TRUE), na), package, package);
-	    if (obj = dlopen(tmpbuf,1))
-		break;
-	}
-	if (!obj)
-	    croak("Can't find loadable object for package %s in @INC", package);
-
-	sprintf(tmpbuf2, "boot_%s", package);
-	bootproc = (int (*)())dlsym(obj, tmpbuf2);
-	if (!bootproc)
-	    croak("Shared object %s contains no %s function", tmpbuf, tmpbuf2);
-	bootproc();
-
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_yes);
-    }
-    return ax;
-}
-
-int
-boot_DynamicLoader(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("DynamicLoader::bootstrap", 0, XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dl/dl_hpux.c b/ext/dl/dl_hpux.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 57adcc6188..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/dl_hpux.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-/*
-Date: Mon, 25 Apr 94 14:15:30 PDT
-From: Jeff Okamoto <okamoto@hpcc101.corp.hp.com>
-To: doughera@lafcol.lafayette.edu
-Cc: okamoto@hpcc101.corp.hp.com, Jarkko.Hietaniemi@hut.fi, ram@acri.fr,
-     john@WPI.EDU, k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE, dmm0t@rincewind.mech.virginia.edu,
-     lwall@netlabs.com
-Subject: dl.c.hpux
-
-This is what I hacked around and came up with for HP-UX.  (Or maybe it should
-be called dl_hpux.c).  Notice the change in suffix from .so to .sl (the
-default suffix for HP-UX shared libraries).
-
-Jeff
-*/
-#include <dl.h>
-
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-
-static int
-XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap(ix, ax, items)
-register int ix;
-register int ax;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: DynamicLoader::bootstrap(package)");
-    }
-    {
-	char*	package = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	shl_t obj = NULL;
-	int (*bootproc)();
-	char tmpbuf[1024];
-	char tmpbuf2[128];
-	AV *av = GvAVn(incgv);
-	I32 i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i <= AvFILL(av); i++) {
-	    (void)sprintf(tmpbuf, "%s/auto/%s/%s.sl",
-		SvPVx(*av_fetch(av, i, TRUE), na), package, package);
-	    if (obj = shl_load(tmpbuf,
-		BIND_IMMEDIATE | BIND_NONFATAL | BIND_NOSTART,0L))
-		break;
-	}
-	if (obj != (shl_t) NULL)
-	    croak("Can't find loadable object for package %s in @INC", package);
-
-	sprintf(tmpbuf2, "boot_%s", package);
-	i = shl_findsym(&obj, tmpbuf2, TYPE_PROCEDURE, &bootproc);
-	if (i == -1)
-	    croak("Shared object %s contains no %s function", tmpbuf, tmpbuf2);
-	bootproc();
-
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_yes);
-    }
-    return ax;
-}
-
-int
-boot_DynamicLoader(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("DynamicLoader::bootstrap", 0, XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap, file);
-}
-
diff --git a/ext/dl/dl_next.c b/ext/dl/dl_next.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 66e95121de..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/dl_next.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-/* dl_next.c
-   Author:  tom@smart.bo.open.de (Thomas Neumann).
-   Based on dl_sunos.c
-*/
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-
-#include <mach-o/rld.h>
-#include <streams/streams.h>
-
-static int
-XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap(ix, ax, items)
-register int ix;
-register int ax;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: DynamicLoader::bootstrap(package)");
-    }
-    {
-	char*	package = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	int rld_success;
-	NXStream *nxerr = NXOpenFile(fileno(stderr), NX_READONLY);
-	int (*bootproc)();
-	char tmpbuf[1024];
-	char tmpbuf2[128];
-	AV *av = GvAVn(incgv);
-	I32 i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i <= AvFILL(av); i++) {
-	    char *p[2];
-	    p[0] = tmpbuf;
-	    p[1] = 0;
-	    sprintf(tmpbuf, "%s/auto/%s/%s.so",
-		    SvPVx(*av_fetch(av, i, TRUE), na), package, package);
-	    if (rld_success = rld_load(nxerr, (struct mach_header **)0, p,
-				       (const char *)0))
-	    {
-	        break;
-	    }
-	}
-	if (!rld_success) {
-	    NXClose(nxerr);
-	    croak("Can't find loadable object for package %s in @INC", package);
-
-	}
-	sprintf(tmpbuf2, "_boot_%s", package);
-	if (!rld_lookup(nxerr, tmpbuf2, (unsigned long *)&bootproc)) {
-	    NXClose(nxerr);
-	    croak("Shared object %s contains no %s function", tmpbuf, tmpbuf2);
-	}
-	NXClose(nxerr);
-	(*bootproc)();
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_yes);
-    }
-    return ax;
-}
-
-int
-boot_DynamicLoader(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("DynamicLoader::bootstrap", 0, XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dl/dl_sunos.c b/ext/dl/dl_sunos.c
deleted file mode 100644
index badd66d678..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/dl_sunos.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-#include "EXTERN.h"
-#include "perl.h"
-#include "XSUB.h"
-
-#ifdef I_DLFCN
-# include <dlfcn.h>
-#endif
-
-static int
-XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap(ix, ax, items)
-register int ix;
-register int ax;
-register int items;
-{
-    if (items < 1 || items > 1) {
-	croak("Usage: DynamicLoader::bootstrap(package)");
-    }
-    {
-	char*	package = SvPV(ST(1),na);
-	void* obj = 0;
-	int (*bootproc)();
-	char tmpbuf[1024];
-	char tmpbuf2[128];
-	AV *av = GvAVn(incgv);
-	I32 i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i <= AvFILL(av); i++) {
-	    (void)sprintf(tmpbuf, "%s/auto/%s/%s.so",
-		SvPVx(*av_fetch(av, i, TRUE), na), package, package);
-	    if (obj = dlopen(tmpbuf,1))
-		break;
-	}
-	if (!obj)
-	    croak("Can't find loadable object for package %s in @INC", package);
-
-	sprintf(tmpbuf2, "boot_%s", package);
-	bootproc = (int (*)())dlsym(obj, tmpbuf2);
-	if (!bootproc)
-	    croak("Shared object %s contains no %s function", tmpbuf, tmpbuf2);
-	bootproc();
-
-	ST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_yes);
-    }
-    return ax;
-}
-
-int
-boot_DynamicLoader(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-    newXSUB("DynamicLoader::bootstrap", 0, XS_DynamicLoader_bootstrap, file);
-}
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/Makefile b/ext/dl/eg/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index d1ae210730..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-CC = /vol/apps/lucid-3.1/lcc
-
-all: 	main test test1
-main:	main.c
-	$(CC) -g -o main main.c -ldl
-
-test.o:	test.c
-	$(CC) -g -pic -c test.c
-
-test:	test.o
-	ld -o test -assert pure-text test.o
-
-test1.o:	test1.c
-	$(CC) -g -pic -c test1.c
-
-test1:	test1.o
-	ld -o test1 -assert pure-text test1.o
-
-clean:
-	/bin/rm -f *.o test test1 main
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/Makefile.att b/ext/dl/eg/Makefile.att
deleted file mode 100644
index 435b916f67..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/Makefile.att
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-all: 	main test test1
-main:	main.c
-	cc -g -o main main.c -ldl
-
-test.o:	test.c
-	cc -g -pic -c test.c
-
-test:	test.o
-	cc -o test -G test.o
-
-test1.o:	test1.c
-	cc -g -pic -c test1.c
-
-test1:	test1.o
-	cc -o test1 -G test1.o
-
-clean:
-	/bin/rm -f *.o test test1 main
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/main.c b/ext/dl/eg/main.c
deleted file mode 100644
index ac0155453e..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/main.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#include <dlfcn.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-main(argc, argv, arge)
-int argc;
-char **argv;
-char **arge;
-{
-    void	*obj;
-    void	(*proc)();
-    void	*obj1;
-    void	(*proc1)();
-
-    if (!(obj = dlopen("test", 1)))
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", dlerror());
-    if (!(obj1 = dlopen("test1", 1)))
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", dlerror());
-    proc = (void (*)())dlsym(obj, "test");
-    proc1 = (void (*)())dlsym(obj1, "test1");
-    proc();
-    proc1();
-    dlclose(obj);
-}
-
-void print()
-{
-    printf("got here!\n");
-}
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/test b/ext/dl/eg/test
deleted file mode 100755
index 2a8b92570e..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/test
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/test.c b/ext/dl/eg/test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index a66db198cf..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-test()
-{
-    print();
-}
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/test1 b/ext/dl/eg/test1
deleted file mode 100755
index e9a37e9e53..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/test1
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/ext/dl/eg/test1.c b/ext/dl/eg/test1.c
deleted file mode 100644
index fc7b1b2cc2..0000000000
--- a/ext/dl/eg/test1.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#include <dlfcn.h>
-
-test1()
-{
-    void	*obj;
-    void	(*proc)();
-
-    obj = dlopen("test", 1);
-    proc = (void (*)())dlsym(obj, "test");
-    proc();
-}
diff --git a/ext/man2mus b/ext/man2mus
deleted file mode 100644
index a3046784f4..0000000000
--- a/ext/man2mus
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-while (<>) {
-    if (/^\.SH SYNOPSIS/) {
-	$spec = '';
-	for ($_ = <>; $_ && !/^\.SH/; $_ = <>) {
-	    s/^\.[IRB][IRB]\s*//;
-	    s/^\.[IRB]\s+//;
-	    next if /^\./;
-	    s/\\f\w//g;
-	    s/\\&//g;
-	    s/^\s+//;
-	    next if /^$/;
-	    next if /^#/;
-	    $spec .= $_;
-	}
-	$_ = $spec;
-	0 while s/\(([^),;]*)\s*,\s*([^);]*)\)/($1|$2)/g;
-	s/\(\*([^,;]*)\)\(\)/(*)()$1/g;
-	s/(\w+)\[\]/*$1/g;
-
-	s/\n/ /g;
-	s/\s+/ /g;
-	s/(\w+) \(([^*])/$1($2/g;
-	s/^ //;
-	s/ ?; ?/\n/g;
-	s/\) /)\n/g;
-	s/ \* / \*/g;
-	s/\* / \*/g;
-
-	$* = 1;
-	0 while s/^((struct )?\w+ )([^\n,]*), ?(.*)/$1$3\n$1$4/g;
-	$* = 0;
-	s/\|/,/g;
-
-	@cases = ();
-	for (reverse split(/\n/,$_)) {
-	    if (/\)$/) {
-		($type,$name,$args) = split(/(\w+)\(/);
-		$type =~ s/ $//;
-		if ($type =~ /^(\w+) =/) {
-		    $type = $type{$1} if $type{$1};
-		}
-		$type = 'int' if $type eq '';
-		@args = grep(/./, split(/[,)]/,$args));
-		$case = "CASE $type $name\n";
-		foreach $arg (@args) {
-		    $type = $type{$arg} || "int";
-		    $type =~ s/ //g;
-		    $type .= "\t" if length($type) < 8;
-		    if ($type =~ /\*/) {
-			$case .= "IO	$type	$arg\n";
-		    }
-		    else {
-			$case .= "I	$type	$arg\n";
-		    }
-		}
-		$case .= "END\n\n";
-		unshift(@cases, $case);
-	    }
-	    else {
-		$type{$name} = $type if ($type,$name) = /(.*\W)(\w+)$/;
-	    }
-	}
-	print @cases;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/ext/mus b/ext/mus
deleted file mode 100644
index b1675fdc58..0000000000
--- a/ext/mus
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-
-while (<>) {
-    if (s/^CASE\s+//) {
-	@fields = split;
-	$funcname = pop(@fields);
-	$rettype = "@fields";
-	@modes = ();
-	@types = ();
-	@names = ();
-	@outies = ();
-	@callnames = ();
-	$pre = "\n";
-	$post = '';
-
-	while (<>) {
-	    last unless /^[IO]+\s/;
-	    @fields = split(' ');
-	    push(@modes, shift(@fields));
-	    push(@names, pop(@fields));
-	    push(@types, "@fields");
-	}
-	while (s/^<\s//) {
-	    $pre .= "\t    $_";
-	    $_ = <>;
-	}
-	while (s/^>\s//) {
-	    $post .= "\t    $_";
-	    $_ = <>;
-	}
-	$items = @names;
-	$namelist = '$' . join(', $', @names);
-	$namelist = '' if $namelist eq '$';
-	print <<EOF;
-    case US_$funcname:
-	if (items != $items)
-	    fatal("Usage: &$funcname($namelist)");
-	else {
-EOF
-	if ($rettype eq 'void') {
-	    print <<EOF;
-	    int retval = 1;
-EOF
-	}
-	else {
-	    print <<EOF;
-	    $rettype retval;
-EOF
-	}
-	foreach $i (1..@names) {
-	    $mode = $modes[$i-1];
-	    $type = $types[$i-1];
-	    $name = $names[$i-1];
-	    if ($type =~ /^[A-Z]+\*$/) {
-		$cast = "*($type*)";
-	    }
-	    else {
-		$cast = "($type)";
-	    }
-	    $what = ($type =~ /^(struct\s+\w+|char|[A-Z]+)\s*\*$/ ? "get" : "gnum");
-	    $type .= "\t" if length($type) < 4;
-	    $cast .= "\t" if length($cast) < 8;
-	    $x = "\t" x (length($name) < 6);
-	    if ($mode =~ /O/) {
-		if ($what eq 'gnum') {
-		    push(@outies, "\t    str_numset(st[$i], (double) $name);\n");
-		    push(@callnames, "&$name");
-		}
-		else {
-		    push(@outies, "\t    str_set(st[$i], (char*) $name);\n");
-		    push(@callnames, "$name");
-		}
-	    }
-	    else {
-		push(@callnames, $name);
-	    }
-	    if ($mode =~ /I/) {
-	    print <<EOF;
-	    $type	$name =$x	$cast	str_$what(st[$i]);
-EOF
-	    }
-            elsif ($type =~ /char/) {
-            print <<EOF;
-	    char	${name}[133];
-EOF
-	    }
-	    else {
-		print <<EOF;
-	    $type	$name;
-EOF
-	    }
-	}
-	$callnames = join(', ', @callnames);
-	$outies = join("\n",@outies);
-	if ($rettype eq 'void') {
-	    print <<EOF;
-$pre	    (void)$funcname($callnames);
-EOF
-	}
-	else {
-	    print <<EOF;
-$pre	    retval = $funcname($callnames);
-EOF
-	}
-	if ($rettype =~ /^(struct\s+\w+|char)\s*\*$/) {
-	    print <<EOF;
-	    str_set(st[0], (char*) retval);
-EOF
-	}
-	elsif ($rettype =~ /^[A-Z]+\s*\*$/) {
-	    print <<EOF;
-	    str_nset(st[0], (char*) &retval, sizeof retval);
-EOF
-	}
-	else {
-	    print <<EOF;
-	    str_numset(st[0], (double) retval);
-EOF
-	}
-	print $outies if $outies;
-	print $post if $post;
-	if (/^END/) {
-	    print "\t}\n\treturn sp;\n";
-	}
-	else {
-	    redo;
-	}
-    }
-    elsif (/^END/) {
-	print "\t}\n\treturn sp;\n";
-    }
-    else {
-	print;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/ext/posix/typemap b/ext/posix/typemap
deleted file mode 100644
index e339f10c49..0000000000
--- a/ext/posix/typemap
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-mode_t			T_NV
-pid_t			T_NV
-Uid_t			T_NV
-Time_t			T_NV
-Gid_t			T_NV
-Off_t			T_NV
-fd			T_IV
-FILE *			T_PTR
-FileHandle		T_PTROBJ
-POSIX::SigSet		T_PTROBJ
-POSIX::SigAction	T_HVOBJ
diff --git a/ext/typemap b/ext/typemap
index 1d0c9baef3..98493e7c04 100644
--- a/ext/typemap
+++ b/ext/typemap
@@ -3,24 +3,32 @@
 int			T_IV
 unsigned		T_IV
 unsigned int		T_IV
-long			T_NV
-unsigned long		T_NV
+long			T_IV
+unsigned long		T_IV
 short			T_IV
 unsigned short		T_IV
 char			T_CHAR
 unsigned char		T_U_CHAR
-char *			T_STRING
-unsigned char *		T_STRING
-caddr_t			T_STRING
+char *			T_PV
+unsigned char *		T_PV
+caddr_t			T_PV
+wchar_t *		T_PV
+wchar_t			T_IV
+bool_t			T_IV
+size_t			T_IV
+ssize_t			T_IV
+time_t			T_NV
 unsigned long *		T_OPAQUEPTR
 char **			T_PACKED
 void *			T_PTR
+Time_t *		T_PV
 SV *			T_SV
-SV *			T_SVOBJ
-AV *			T_AVOBJ
-HV *			T_HVOBJ
-CV *			T_CVOBJ
+SVREF			T_SVREF
+AV *			T_AVREF
+HV *			T_HVREF
+CV *			T_CVREF
 
+IV			T_IV
 I32			T_IV
 I16			T_IV
 I8			T_IV
@@ -28,30 +36,36 @@ U32			T_U_LONG
 U16			T_U_SHORT
 U8			T_IV
 Result			T_U_CHAR
-Boolean			T_U_CHAR
+Boolean			T_IV
 double			T_DOUBLE
 SysRet			T_SYSRET
+SysRetLong		T_SYSRET
+FILE *			T_IN
+FileHandle		T_PTROBJ
+InputStream		T_IN
+InOutStream		T_INOUT
+OutputStream		T_OUT
 
 #############################################################################
 INPUT
 T_SV
-	$var = $arg;
-T_SVOBJ
+	$var = $arg
+T_SVREF
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\"))
-	    $var = (AV*)SvRV($arg);
+	    $var = (SV*)SvRV($arg);
 	else
 	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
-T_AVOBJ
+T_AVREF
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\"))
 	    $var = (AV*)SvRV($arg);
 	else
 	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
-T_HVOBJ
+T_HVREF
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\"))
 	    $var = (HV*)SvRV($arg);
 	else
 	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
-T_CVOBJ
+T_CVREF
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\"))
 	    $var = (CV*)SvRV($arg);
 	else
@@ -84,30 +98,41 @@ T_NV
 	$var = ($type)SvNV($arg)
 T_DOUBLE
 	$var = (double)SvNV($arg)
-T_STRING
-	$var = SvPV($arg,na)
+T_PV
+	$var = ($type)SvPV($arg,na)
 T_PTR
-	$var = ($type)(unsigned long)SvNV($arg)
+	$var = ($type)SvIV($arg)
 T_PTRREF
 	if (SvROK($arg)) {
-	    unsigned long tmp;
-	    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
 	    $var = ($type) tmp;
 	}
 	else
 	    croak(\"$var is not a reference\")
+T_REF_IV_REF
+	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${type}\")) {
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    $var = *($type *) tmp;
+	}
+	else
+	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
+T_REF_IV_PTR
+	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${type}\")) {
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    $var = ($type) tmp;
+	}
+	else
+	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
 T_PTROBJ
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\")) {
-	    unsigned long tmp;
-	    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
 	    $var = ($type) tmp;
 	}
 	else
 	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
 T_PTRDESC
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\")) {
-	    unsigned long tmp;
-	    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
 	    ${type}_desc = (\U${type}_DESC\E*) tmp; 
 	    $var = ${type}_desc->ptr;
 	}
@@ -115,16 +140,14 @@ T_PTRDESC
 	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
 T_REFREF
 	if (SvROK($arg)) {
-	    unsigned long tmp;
-	    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
 	    $var = *($type) tmp;
 	}
 	else
 	    croak(\"$var is not a reference\")
 T_REFOBJ
 	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\")) {
-	    unsigned long tmp;
-	    tmp = (unsigned long)SvNV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
+	    IV tmp = SvIV((SV*)SvRV($arg));
 	    $var = *($type) tmp;
 	}
 	else
@@ -145,61 +168,71 @@ T_ARRAY
 	while (items--) {
 	    DO_ARRAY_ELEM;
 	}
+T_IN
+	$var = IoIFP(sv_2io($arg))
+T_INOUT
+	$var = IoIFP(sv_2io($arg))
+T_OUT
+	$var = IoOFP(sv_2io($arg))
 #############################################################################
 OUTPUT
 T_SV
 	$arg = $var;
-T_SVOBJ
+T_SVREF
 	$arg = newRV((SV*)$var);
-T_AVOBJ
+T_AVREF
 	$arg = newRV((SV*)$var);
-T_HVOBJ
+T_HVREF
 	$arg = newRV((SV*)$var);
-T_CVOBJ
+T_CVREF
 	$arg = newRV((SV*)$var);
 T_IV
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_INT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_SYSRET
 	if ($var != -1) {
 	    if ($var == 0)
 		sv_setpvn($arg, "0 but true", 10);
 	    else
-		sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+		sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 	}
 T_ENUM
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_U_INT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_SHORT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_U_SHORT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_LONG
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_U_LONG
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_CHAR
 	sv_setpvn($arg, (char *)&$var, 1);
 T_U_CHAR
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_FLOAT
 	sv_setnv($arg, (double)$var);
 T_NV
 	sv_setnv($arg, (double)$var);
 T_DOUBLE
 	sv_setnv($arg, (double)$var);
-T_STRING
-	sv_setpv($arg, $var);
+T_PV
+	sv_setpv((SV*)$arg, $var);
 T_PTR
-	sv_setnv($arg, (double)(unsigned long)$var);
+	sv_setiv($arg, (IV)$var);
 T_PTRREF
-	sv_setptrref($arg, $var);
+	sv_setref_pv($arg, Nullch, (void*)$var);
+T_REF_IV_REF
+	sv_setref_pv($arg, \"${ntype}\", (void*)new $ntype($var));
+T_REF_IV_PTR
+	sv_setref_pv($arg, \"${ntype}\", (void*)$var);
 T_PTROBJ
-	sv_setptrobj($arg, $var, \"${ntype}\");
+	sv_setref_pv($arg, \"${ntype}\", (void*)$var);
 T_PTRDESC
-	sv_setptrobj($arg, (void*)new\U${type}_DESC\E($var), \"${ntype}\");
+	sv_setref_pv($arg, \"${ntype}\", (void*)new\U${type}_DESC\E($var));
 T_REFREF
 	sv_setrefref($arg, \"${ntype}\", XS_service_$ntype,
 		    ($var ? (void*)new $ntype($var) : 0));
@@ -225,3 +258,27 @@ T_ARRAY
 	DO_ARRAY_ELEM
 	}
 	sp += $var.size - 1;
+T_IN
+	{
+	    GV *gv = newGVgen("$Package");
+	    if ( do_open(gv, "<&", 2, $var) )
+		sv_setsv($arg, sv_bless(newRV((SV*)gv), gv_stashpv("$Package",1)));
+	    else
+		$arg = &sv_undef;
+	}
+T_INOUT
+	{
+	    GV *gv = newGVgen("$Package");
+	    if ( do_open(gv, "+<&", 3, $var) )
+		sv_setsv($arg, sv_bless(newRV((SV*)gv), gv_stashpv("$Package",1)));
+	    else
+		$arg = &sv_undef;
+	}
+T_OUT
+	{
+	    GV *gv = newGVgen("$Package");
+	    if ( do_open(gv, "+>&", 3, $var) )
+		sv_setsv($arg, sv_bless(newRV((SV*)gv), gv_stashpv("$Package",1)));
+	    else
+		$arg = &sv_undef;
+	}
diff --git a/ext/typemap.oi b/ext/typemap.oi
deleted file mode 100644
index fc93718b93..0000000000
--- a/ext/typemap.oi
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-#
-#################################### PARCPLACE OI SECTION
-#
-
-# basic OI types
-OI_alignment		T_ENUM
-OI_bevel_style		T_ENUM
-OI_bool			T_ENUM
-OI_charset		T_ENUM
-OI_char_encode_type	T_ENUM
-OI_configure_mask	T_ENUM
-OI_drop_type		T_ENUM
-OI_ef_char_chk_status	T_ENUM
-OI_ef_entry_chk_status	T_ENUM
-OI_ef_mode		T_ENUM
-OI_enhance		T_ENUM
-OI_gravity		T_ENUM
-OI_gauge_ends		T_ENUM
-OI_gauge_ticks		T_ENUM
-OI_layout		T_INT
-OI_menu_cell_type	T_ENUM
-OI_mnemonic_style	T_ENUM
-OI_model_type		T_ENUM
-OI_mt_char_chk_status	T_ENUM
-OI_mt_entry_chk_status	T_ENUM
-OI_mt_mode		T_ENUM
-OI_number		T_SHORT
-OI_number *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-OI_orient		T_ENUM
-OI_pic_type		T_ENUM
-OI_pic_pixel		T_ENUM
-OI_psn_type		T_ENUM
-OI_rm_db		T_ENUM
-OI_sav_rst_typ		T_ENUM
-OI_scroll_event		T_ENUM
-OI_size_track		T_ENUM
-OI_slider_current	T_ENUM
-OI_slider_ends		T_ENUM
-OI_slider_ticks		T_ENUM
-OI_stat			T_ENUM
-OI_state		T_ENUM
-OI_wm_state		T_ENUM
-PIXEL			T_LONG
-
-# OI classes
-OI_abbr_menu *		T_PTR
-OI_animate_item *	T_PTR
-OI_app_window *		T_PTR
-OI_base_text *		T_PTR
-OI_box *		T_PTR
-OI_button_menu *	T_PTR
-OI_command_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_excl_menu *		T_PTR
-OI_excl_check_menu *	T_PTR
-OI_excl_rect_menu *	T_PTR
-OI_basic_menu *		T_PTR
-OI_class *		T_PTR
-OI_connection *		T_PTR
-OI_ctlr_1d *		T_PTR
-OI_d_tech *		T_PTR
-OI_d_tech **		T_OPAQUEPTR
-OI_dialog_box *		T_PTR
-OI_display_1d *		T_PTR
-OI_entry_field *	T_PTR
-OI_error_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_excl_menu *		T_PTR
-OI_file_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_gauge *		T_PTR
-OI_glyph *		T_PTR
-OI_help *		T_PTR
-OI_info_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_menu *		T_PTR
-OI_menu_cell *		T_PTR
-OI_menu_cell **		T_OPAQUEPTR
-OI_menu_spec *		T_PACKED
-OI_message_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_ms_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_multi_text *		T_PTR
-OI_panner *		T_PTR
-OI_pic_spec_mask *	T_PTR
-OI_pic_spec_mask **	T_OPAQUEPTR
-OI_poly_menu *		T_PTR
-OI_poly_check_menu *	T_PTR
-OI_poly_rect_menu *	T_PTR
-OI_prompt_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_question_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_scroll_bar *		T_PTR
-OI_scroll_box *		T_PTR
-OI_scroll_menu *	T_PTR
-OI_scroll_text *	T_PTR
-OI_select_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_separator *		T_PTR
-OI_seq_entry_field *	T_PTR
-OI_slider *		T_PTR
-OI_static_text *	T_PTR
-OI_translation_table *	T_PTR
-OI_warn_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-OI_work_dialog_box *	T_PTR
-
diff --git a/ext/typemap.xlib b/ext/typemap.xlib
deleted file mode 100644
index b04d13048a..0000000000
--- a/ext/typemap.xlib
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-#
-#################################### XLIB SECTION
-#
-
-# basic X types
-Atom			T_U_LONG
-Atom *			T_OPAQUEPTR
-Bool			T_INT
-KeyCode			T_U_LONG
-Status			T_INT
-Time			T_U_LONG
-VisualID		T_U_LONG
-XID			T_U_LONG
-GC			T_PTR
-Display *		T_PTR
-Screen *		T_PTR
-Visual *		T_PTR
-XImage *		T_PTR
-Region			T_PTR
-
-# things that are XIDs
-Colormap		T_U_LONG
-Cursor			T_U_LONG
-Drawable		T_U_LONG
-Font			T_U_LONG
-GContext		T_U_LONG
-KeySym			T_U_LONG
-KeySym *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-Pixmap			T_U_LONG
-Pixmap *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-Window			T_U_LONG
-Window *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-
-# X resource manager types
-XrmDatabase		T_PTR
-XrmQuark		T_INT
-XrmQuarkList		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XrmName			T_INT
-XrmNameList		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XrmClass		T_INT
-XrmClassList		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XrmRepresentation	T_INT
-XrmString		T_STRING
-XrmBinding		T_ENUM
-XrmBindingList		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XrmOptionKind		T_ENUM
-XrmSearchList		T_OPAQUEPTR
-
-# context manager types
-XContext		T_INT
-
-# Xlib data structures
-XArc *			T_OPAQUEPTR
-XCharStruct		T_OPAQUE
-XCharStruct *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XColor			T_OPAQUE
-XColor *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XComposeStatus *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-XEvent			T_OPAQUE
-XEvent *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XFontStruct		T_OPAQUE
-XFontStruct *		T_PTR
-XGCValues *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XIconSize *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XKeyboardControl *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-XKeyboardState		T_OPAQUE
-XModifierKeymap *	T_PTR
-XPoint			T_OPAQUE
-XPoint *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XRectangle		T_OPAQUE
-XRectangle *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XSegment *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XSetWindowAttributes *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-XSizeHints		T_OPAQUE
-XSizeHints *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XStandardColormap	T_OPAQUE
-XStandardColormap *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-XTimeCoord *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XVisualInfo		T_OPAQUE
-XVisualInfo *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-XWindowAttributes	T_OPAQUE
-XWindowAttributes *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-XWindowChanges *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-XWMHints *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-
-# these data types must be handled specially
-#XrmValue		T_OPAQUE
-#XrmValue *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-#XrmOptionDescList	T_OPAQUEPTR
-#XClassHint		T_OPAQUE
-#XClassHint *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-#XHostAddress *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-#XTextItem *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-#XTextItem16 *		T_OPAQUEPTR
-#XTextProperty		T_OPAQUE
-#XTextProperty *	T_OPAQUEPTR
-
diff --git a/ext/typemap.xpm b/ext/typemap.xpm
deleted file mode 100644
index d1312767f5..0000000000
--- a/ext/typemap.xpm
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#
-#################################### XPM SECTION
-#
-XpmAttributes *		T_PACKED
-XpmColorSymbol *	T_PACKED
-XpmExtension *		T_PACKED
-
diff --git a/ext/util/extliblist b/ext/util/extliblist
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2b8938fa4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/util/extliblist
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+	if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+	elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+	elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+	elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+	elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+	else
+		echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1
+	fi
+	. $TOP/config.sh
+	;;
+esac
+: extliblist
+:
+: Author:  Andy Dougherty    doughera@lafcol.lafayette.edu
+:
+: This utility takes a list of libraries in the form
+: -llib1 -llib2 -llib3
+: and prints out lines suitable for inclusion in an extension
+: Makefile.  
+: Extra library paths may be included with the form -L/another/path
+: this will affect the searches for all subsequent libraries.
+:
+: It is intended to be "dotted" from within an extension Makefile.SH.
+: see ext/POSIX/Makefile.SH for an example.
+: Prior to calling this, the variable potential_libs should be set 
+: to the potential list of libraries
+:
+: It sets the following
+: extralibs = full list of libraries needed for static linking.
+:		Only those libraries that actually exist are included.
+: dynaloadlibs = full path names of those libraries that are needed 
+:		but can be linked in dynamically on this platform.  On 
+:		SunOS, for example, this would be .so* libraries, 
+:		but not archive libraries.
+:		Eventually, this list can be used to write a bootstrap file.
+: statloadlibs = list of those libraries which must be statically
+:		linked into the shared library.  On SunOS 4.1.3, 
+:		for example,  I have only an archive version of
+:		-lm, and it must be linked in statically.
+:
+:  This script uses config.sh variables libs, libpth, and so.  It is mostly
+:  taken from the metaconfig libs.U unit.
+extralibs=''
+dynaloadlibs=''
+statloadlibs=''
+Llibpth=''
+for thislib in `echo "XXX $potential_libs " | $sed 's/ -l/ /g'` ; do
+	case "$thislib" in
+	XXX)
+		: Handle case where potential_libs is empty.
+		;;
+	-L*)
+		: Handle possible linker path arguments.
+		newpath=`echo $thislib | $sed 's/^-L//'`
+		if $test -d $newpath; then
+			Llibpth="$Llibpth $newpath"
+			extralibs="$extralibs $thislib"
+			statloadlibs="$statloadlibs $thislib"
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		: Handle possible library arguments.
+		for thispth in $Llibpth $libpth; do
+			: Loop over possible wildcards and take the last one.
+			for fullname in $thispth/lib$thislib.$so.[0-9]* ; do
+				:
+			done
+			if $test -f $fullname; then
+				break
+			elif fullname=$thispth/lib$thislib.$so && $test -f $fullname; then
+				break
+			elif fullname=$thispth/lib${thislib}_s.a && $test -f $fullname; then
+				thislib=${thislib}_s
+				break
+			elif fullname=$thispth/lib${thislib}.a && $test -f $fullname; then
+				break
+			elif fullname=$thispth/Slib${thislib}.a && $test -f $fullname; then
+				break
+			else
+				fullname=''
+			fi
+		done
+		: Now update library lists
+		case "$fullname" in
+		'') 
+			: Skip nonexistent files
+			;;
+		*)
+			: Do not add it into the extralibs if it is already linked in
+			: with the main perl executable.
+			case " $libs " in
+			*" -l$thislib "*|*" -l${thislib}_s "*) ;;
+			*)	extralibs="$extralibs -l$thislib" ;;
+			esac
+			:
+			: For NeXT and DLD, put files into DYNALOADLIBS to be
+			: converted into a boostrap file.  For other systems,
+			: we will use ld with what I have misnamed STATLOADLIBS
+			: to assemble the shared object.
+			case "$dlsrc" in
+			dl_dld*|dl_next*)
+				dynaloadlibs="$dynaloadlibs $fullname"   ;;
+			*)
+				case "$fullname" in
+				*.a)
+					statloadlibs="$statloadlibs -l$thislib" 
+					;;
+				*)   
+					: For SunOS4, do not add in this shared library
+					: if it is already linked in the main
+					: perl executable
+					case "$osname" in
+					sunos)
+						case " $libs " in
+						*" -l$thislib "*) ;;
+						*)	statloadlibs="$statloadlibs -l$thislib" ;;
+						esac
+						;;
+					*)
+						statloadlibs="$statloadlibs -l$thislib" 
+						;;
+					esac
+					;;
+				esac
+				;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+case "$dlsrc" in
+dl_next*)
+	extralibs=`echo " $extralibs "| $sed -e 's/ -lm / /'` ;;
+esac
+
+set X $extralibs
+shift
+extralibs="$*"
+
+set X $dynaloadlibs
+shift
+dynaloadlibs="$*"
+
+set X $statloadlibs
+shift
+statloadlibs="$*"
+
diff --git a/ext/util/make_ext b/ext/util/make_ext
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fba77c0c9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/util/make_ext
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# This script acts as a simple interface for building extensions.
+# It primarily used by the perl Makefile:
+#
+# d_dummy $(dynamic_ext): miniperl preplibrary FORCE
+#        ext/util/make_ext dynamic $@
+#
+# It may be deleted in a later release of perl so try to
+# avoid using it for other purposes.
+
+linktype=$1
+extspec=$2
+
+case $CONFIG in
+'')
+    if test -f config.sh; then TOP=.;
+    elif test -f ../config.sh; then TOP=..;
+    elif test -f ../../config.sh; then TOP=../..;
+    elif test -f ../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../..;
+    elif test -f ../../../../config.sh; then TOP=../../../..;
+    else
+        echo "Can't find config.sh generated by Configure"; exit 1
+    fi
+    . $TOP/config.sh
+    ;;
+esac
+
+if test "X$extspec" = X; then
+	echo "make_ext: no extension specified"
+	exit 1;
+fi
+
+# convert old style Name.a into ext/Name/Name.a format
+case "$extspec" in
+ext/*) ;;
+*) extspec=`echo "$extspec" | sed -e 's:\(.*\)\.\(.*\):ext/\1/\1.\2:'`
+esac
+
+# get extension directory path, module name and depth
+pname=`echo "$extspec" | sed -e 's:^ext/::' -e 's:/[^/]*$::'`
+mname=`echo "$pname"   | sed -e 's!/!::!'`
+depth=`echo "$pname"   | sed -e 's![^/][^/]*!..!g'`
+
+if test ! -d "ext/$pname"; then
+	echo "	Skipping $extspec (directory does not exist)"
+	exit 0 # not an error ?
+fi
+
+# check link type and do any preliminaries
+case "$linktype" in
+static)  makeargs='CCCDLFLAGS=' ;;
+dynamic) makeargs='' ;;
+*)	echo "make_ext: unknown link type '$linktype'"; exit 1;;
+'')	echo "make_ext: no link type specified (eg static or dynamic)"; exit 1;;
+esac
+
+echo ""
+echo "	Making $mname ($linktype)"
+
+cd ext/$pname
+
+if test ! -f Makefile ; then
+	test -f Makefile.PL && ../$depth/miniperl -I../$depth/lib Makefile.PL
+fi
+if test ! -f Makefile ; then
+	test -f Makefile.SH && sh Makefile.SH
+fi
+
+make=${altmake-make}
+
+$make config
+
+$make $linktype $makeargs
+
+exit $?
diff --git a/ext/util/mkbootstrap b/ext/util/mkbootstrap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c3a7e10ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/util/mkbootstrap
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!../../miniperl -w -I../../lib
+
+use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
+&mkbootstrap(join(" ",@ARGV));
+exit;
diff --git a/ext/xsubpp b/ext/xsubpp
index bb6972008b..1e13118ad5 100755
--- a/ext/xsubpp
+++ b/ext/xsubpp
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #!./miniperl
+'di ';
+'ds 00 \"';
+'ig 00 ';
 # $Header$ 
 
-$usage = "Usage: xsubpp [-ansi] [-C++] [-except] [-tm typemap] file.xs\n";
+$usage = "Usage: xsubpp [-C++] [-except] [-typemap typemap] file.xs\n";
 
 SWITCH: while ($ARGV[0] =~ s/^-//) {
     $flag = shift @ARGV;
-    $ansiflag = 1,	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'ansi';
     $spat = shift,	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 's';
     $cplusplus = 1,	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'C++';
     $except = 1,	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'except';
@@ -15,6 +17,7 @@ SWITCH: while ($ARGV[0] =~ s/^-//) {
 @ARGV == 1 or die $usage;
 chop($pwd = `pwd`);
 ($dir, $filename) = @ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*)/(.*)#
+	or ($dir, $filename) = @ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*[>\]])(.*)#
 	or ($dir, $filename) = ('.', $ARGV[0]);
 chdir($dir);
 
@@ -43,7 +46,7 @@ foreach $typemap (@tm) {
 	    }
 	    else {
 		s/\s*$//;
-#		$input_expr{$_} = '';
+		$input_expr{$_} = '';
 		$current = \$input_expr{$_};
 	    }
 	}
@@ -53,7 +56,7 @@ foreach $typemap (@tm) {
 	    }
 	    else {
 		s/\s*$//;
-#		$output_expr{$_} = '';
+		$output_expr{$_} = '';
 		$current = \$output_expr{$_};
 	    }
 	}
@@ -76,9 +79,9 @@ sub Q {
 open(F, $filename) || die "cannot open $filename\n";
 
 while (<F>) {
-	last if ($Module, $foo, $Package, $foo1, $Prefix) =
-		/^MODULE\s*=\s*(\w+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?$/;
-	print $_;
+    last if ($Module, $foo, $Package, $foo1, $Prefix) =
+	/^MODULE\s*=\s*([\w:]+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?\s*$/;
+    print $_;
 }
 exit 0 if $_ eq "";
 $lastline = $_;
@@ -88,17 +91,20 @@ sub fetch_para {
     @line = ();
     if ($lastline ne "") {
 	if ($lastline =~
-    /^MODULE\s*=\s*(\w+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?$/) {
+    /^MODULE\s*=\s*([\w:]+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?\s*$/) {
 	    $Module = $1;
 	    $foo = $2;
 	    $Package = $3;
 	    $foo1 = $4;
 	    $Prefix = $5;
+	    ($Module_cname = $Module) =~ s/\W/_/g;
 	    ($Packid = $Package) =~ s/:/_/g;
 	    $Packprefix = $Package;
 	    $Packprefix .= "::" if defined $Packprefix && $Packprefix ne "";
 	    while (<F>) {
 		chop;
+		next if /^#/ &&
+		    !/^#[ \t]*(if|ifdef|ifndef|else|elif|endif|define|undef)\b/;
 		last if /^\S/;
 	    }
 	    push(@line, $_) if $_ ne "";
@@ -108,7 +114,8 @@ sub fetch_para {
 	}
 	$lastline = "";
 	while (<F>) {
-	    next if /^#/ && !/^#(if|ifdef|else|elif|endif|define|undef)\b/;
+	    next if /^#/ &&
+		!/^#[ \t]*(if|ifdef|ifndef|else|elif|endif|define|undef)\b/;
 	    chop;
 	    if (/^\S/ && @line && $line[-1] eq "") {
 		$lastline = $_;
@@ -118,8 +125,9 @@ sub fetch_para {
 		push(@line, $_);
 	    }
 	}
-	pop(@line) while @line && $line[-1] eq "";
+	pop(@line) while @line && $line[-1] =~ /^\s*$/;
     }
+    $PPCODE = grep(/PPCODE:/, @line);
     scalar @line;
 }
 
@@ -135,6 +143,10 @@ while (&fetch_para) {
 
     # extract return type, function name and arguments
     $ret_type = shift(@line);
+    if ($ret_type =~ /^BOOT:/) {
+        push (@BootCode, @line, "", "") ;
+        next ;
+    }
     if ($ret_type =~ /^static\s+(.*)$/) {
 	    $static = 1;
 	    $ret_type = $1;
@@ -149,10 +161,17 @@ while (&fetch_para) {
     push(@Func_name, "${Packid}_$func_name");
     push(@Func_pname, $pname);
     @args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args);
-    if (defined($class) && !defined($static)) {
+    if (defined($class)) {
+	if (defined($static)) {
+	    unshift(@args, "CLASS");
+	    $orig_args = "CLASS, $orig_args";
+	    $orig_args =~ s/^CLASS, $/CLASS/;
+	}
+	else {
 	    unshift(@args, "THIS");
 	    $orig_args = "THIS, $orig_args";
 	    $orig_args =~ s/^THIS, $/THIS/;
+	}
     }
     $orig_args =~ s/"/\\"/g;
     $min_args = $num_args = @args;
@@ -172,7 +191,7 @@ while (&fetch_para) {
 		    $defaults{$args[$i]} =~ s/"/\\"/g;
 	    }
     }
-    if (defined($class) && !defined($static)) {
+    if (defined($class)) {
 	    $func_args = join(", ", @args[1..$#args]);
     } else {
 	    $func_args = join(", ", @args);
@@ -180,23 +199,11 @@ while (&fetch_para) {
     @args_match{@args} = 1..@args;
 
     # print function header
-    if ($ansiflag) {
-	print Q<<"EOF";
-#static int
-#XS_${Packid}_$func_name(int, int ax, int items)
-#[[
-EOF
-    }
-    else {
-	print Q<<"EOF";
-#static int
-#XS_${Packid}_$func_name(ix, ax, items)
-#register int ix;
-#register int ax;
-#register int items;
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#XS(XS_${Packid}_$func_name)
 #[[
+#    dXSARGS;
 EOF
-    }
     if ($elipsis) {
 	$cond = qq(items < $min_args);
     }
@@ -218,6 +225,10 @@ EOF
 #    }
 EOF
 
+    print Q<<"EOF" if $PPCODE;
+#    SP -= items;
+EOF
+
     # Now do a block of some sort.
 
     $condnum = 0;
@@ -258,6 +269,9 @@ EOF
 		$_ = shift(@line);
 		last if /^\s*NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET/;
 		last if /^\s*(PPCODE|CODE|OUTPUT|CLEANUP|CASE)\s*:/;
+		# Catch common error. Much more error checking required here.
+		blurt("Error: no tab in $pname argument declaration '$_'\n")
+			unless (m/\S+\s*\t\s*\S+/);
 		($var_type, $var_name, $var_init) =
 		    /\s*([^\t]+)\s*([^\s=]+)\s*(=.*)?/;
 		if ($var_name =~ /^&/) {
@@ -286,10 +300,17 @@ EOF
 			print "\t$var_name;\n";
 		}
 	}
-	if (!$thisdone && defined($class) && !defined($static)) {
+	if (!$thisdone && defined($class)) {
+	    if (defined($static)) {
+		print "\tchar *";
+		$var_types{"CLASS"} = "char *";
+		&generate_init("char *", 1, "CLASS");
+	    }
+	    else {
 		print "\t$class *";
 		$var_types{"THIS"} = "$class *";
 		&generate_init("$class *", 1, "THIS");
+	    }
 	}
 
 	# do code
@@ -303,14 +324,14 @@ EOF
 			$var_types{"RETVAL"} = $ret_type;
 		}
 		if (/^\s*PPCODE:/) {
-			print "\tdSP;\n";
 			print $deferred;
 			while (@line) {
 				$_ = shift(@line);
-				last if /^\s*(OUTPUT|CLEANUP|CASE)\s*:/;
+				die "PPCODE must be last thing"
+				    if /^\s*(OUTPUT|CLEANUP|CASE)\s*:/;
 				print "$_\n";
 			}
-			print "\tax = sp - stack_base;\n";
+			print "\tPUTBACK;\n\treturn;\n";
 		} elsif (/^\s*CODE:/) {
 			print $deferred;
 			while (@line) {
@@ -318,6 +339,10 @@ EOF
 				last if /^\s*(OUTPUT|CLEANUP|CASE)\s*:/;
 				print "$_\n";
 			}
+		} elsif ($func_name eq "DESTROY") {
+			print $deferred;
+			print "\n\t";
+			print "delete THIS;\n"
 		} else {
 			print $deferred;
 			print "\n\t";
@@ -325,7 +350,12 @@ EOF
 				print "RETVAL = ";
 			}
 			if (defined($static)) {
+			    if ($func_name =~ /^new/) {
+				$func_name = "$class";
+			    }
+			    else {
 				print "$class::";
+			    }
 			} elsif (defined($class)) {
 				print "THIS->";
 			}
@@ -346,7 +376,7 @@ EOF
 			s/^\s+//;
 			($outarg, $outcode) = split(/\t+/);
 			if ($outcode) {
-			print "\t$outcode\n";
+			    print "\t$outcode\n";
 			} else {
 				die "$outarg not an argument"
 				    unless defined($args_match{$outarg});
@@ -383,12 +413,17 @@ EOF
 	    unshift(@line, $_);
 	}
     }
+
     print Q<<EOF if $except;
 #    if (errbuf[0])
 #	croak(errbuf);
 EOF
+
+    print Q<<EOF unless $PPCODE;
+#    XSRETURN(1);
+EOF
+
     print Q<<EOF;
-#    return ax;
 #]]
 #
 EOF
@@ -397,24 +432,32 @@ EOF
 # print initialization routine
 print qq/extern "C"\n/ if $cplusplus;
 print Q<<"EOF";
-#int boot_$Module(ix,ax,items)
-#int ix;
-#int ax;
-#int items;
+#XS(boot_$Module_cname)
 #[[
+#    dXSARGS;
 #    char* file = __FILE__;
 #
 EOF
 
 for (@Func_name) {
     $pname = shift(@Func_pname);
-    print "    newXSUB(\"$pname\", 0, XS_$_, file);\n";
+    print "    newXS(\"$pname\", XS_$_, file);\n";
+}
+
+if (@BootCode)
+{
+    print "\n    /* Initialisation Section */\n\n" ;
+    print grep (s/$/\n/, @BootCode) ;
+    print "    /* End of Initialisation Section */\n\n" ;
 }
+
+print "    ST(0) = &sv_yes;\n";
+print "    XSRETURN(1);\n";
 print "}\n";
 
 sub output_init {
     local($type, $num, $init) = @_;
-    local($arg) = "ST($num)";
+    local($arg) = "ST(" . ($num - 1) . ")";
 
     eval qq/print " $init\\\n"/;
 }
@@ -423,7 +466,7 @@ sub blurt { warn @_; $errors++ }
 
 sub generate_init {
     local($type, $num, $var) = @_;
-    local($arg) = "ST($num)";
+    local($arg) = "ST(" . ($num - 1) . ")";
     local($argoff) = $num - 1;
     local($ntype);
     local($tk);
@@ -443,7 +486,7 @@ sub generate_init {
 	$subexpr =~ s/\$arg/ST(ix_$var)/g;
 	$subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g;
 	$subexpr =~ s/is not of (.*")/[arg %d] is not of $1, ix_$var + 1/g;
-	$subexpr =~ s/\$var/$var[ix_$var - $argoff]/;
+	$subexpr =~ s/\$var/${var}[ix_$var - $argoff]/;
 	$expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM/$subexpr/;
     }
     if (defined($defaults{$var})) {
@@ -461,7 +504,7 @@ sub generate_init {
 
 sub generate_output {
     local($type, $num, $var) = @_;
-    local($arg) = "ST($num)";
+    local($arg) = "ST(" . ($num - ($num != 0)) . ")";
     local($argoff) = $num - 1;
     local($ntype);
 
@@ -483,18 +526,27 @@ sub generate_output {
 		$subexpr =~ s/\$var/${var}[ix_$var]/g;
 		$subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g;
 		$expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM\n/$subexpr/;
-		eval "print qq\f$expr\f";
+		eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
 	    }
-	    elsif ($arg eq 'ST(0)') {
+	    elsif ($var eq 'RETVAL') {
 		if ($expr =~ /^\t\$arg = /) {
-		    eval "print qq\f$expr\f";
+		    eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
 		    print "\tsv_2mortal(ST(0));\n";
 		}
 		else {
 		    print "\tST(0) = sv_newmortal();\n";
-		    eval "print qq\f$expr\f";
+		    eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
 		}
 	    }
+	    elsif ($arg =~ /^ST\(\d+\)$/) {
+		eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+	    }
+	    elsif ($arg =~ /^ST\(\d+\)$/) {
+		eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+	    }
+	    elsif ($arg =~ /^ST\(\d+\)$/) {
+		eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+	    }
     }
 }
 
@@ -510,3 +562,55 @@ sub map_type {
 }
 
 exit $errors;
+
+##############################################################################
+
+	# These next few lines are legal in both Perl and nroff.
+
+.00 ;			# finish .ig
+ 
+'di			\" finish diversion--previous line must be blank
+.nr nl 0-1		\" fake up transition to first page again
+.nr % 0			\" start at page 1
+'; __END__ ############# From here on it's a standard manual page ############
+.TH XSUBPP 1 "August 9, 1994"
+.AT 3
+.SH NAME
+xsubpp \- compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B xsubpp [-C++] [-except] [-typemap typemap] file.xs
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I xsubpp
+will compile XS code into C code by embedding the constructs necessary to
+let C functions manipulate Perl values and creates the glue necessary to let
+Perl access those functions.  The compiler uses typemaps to determine how
+to map C function parameters and variables to Perl values.
+.PP
+The compiler will search for typemap files called
+.I typemap.
+It will use the following search path to find default typemaps, with the
+rightmost typemap taking precedence.
+.br
+.nf
+	../../../typemap:../../typemap:../typemap:typemap
+.fi
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP
+.B \-C++
+.br
+Adds ``extern "C"'' to the C code.
+.TP
+.B \-except
+Adds exception handling stubs to the C code.
+.TP
+.B \-typemap typemap
+Indicates that a user-supplied typemap should take precedence over the
+default typemaps.  This option may be used multiple times, with the last
+typemap having the highest precedence.
+.SH ENVIRONMENT
+No environment variables are used.
+.SH AUTHOR
+Larry Wall
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+perl(1)
+.ex
diff --git a/ext/xsubpp.bak b/ext/xsubpp.bak
deleted file mode 100755
index 0f309e3cd2..0000000000
--- a/ext/xsubpp.bak
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,529 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-# $Header$ 
-
-$usage = "Usage: xsubpp [-a] [-s] [-c] typemap file.xs\n";
-die $usage unless (@ARGV >= 2 && @ARGV <= 6);
-
-SWITCH: while ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-/) {
-    $flag = shift @ARGV;
-    $aflag = 1, next SWITCH if $flag =~ /^-a$/;
-    $spat = $1, next SWITCH if $flag =~ /^-s(.*)$/;
-    $cflag = 1, next SWITCH if $flag =~ /^-c$/;
-    $eflag = 1, next SWITCH if $flag =~ /^-e$/;
-    die $usage;
-}
-
-$typemap = shift @ARGV;
-open(TYPEMAP, $typemap) || die "cannot open $typemap\n";
-while (<TYPEMAP>) {
-	next if /^\s*$/ || /^#/;
-	chop;
-	($typename, $kind) = split(/\t+/, $_, 2);
-	$type_kind{$typename} = $kind;
-}
-close(TYPEMAP);
-
-%input_expr = (JUNK, split(/\n(T_\w*)\s*\n/, <<'T_END'));
-
-T_INT
-	$var = (int)SvIVn($arg)
-T_ENUM
-	$var = ($type)SvIVn($arg)
-T_U_INT
-	$var = (unsigned int)SvIVn($arg)
-T_SHORT
-	$var = (short)SvIVn($arg)
-T_U_SHORT
-	$var = (unsigned short)SvIVn($arg)
-T_LONG
-	$var = (long)SvIVn($arg)
-T_U_LONG
-	$var = (unsigned long)SvIVn($arg)
-T_CHAR
-	$var = (char)*SvPVn($arg,na)
-T_U_CHAR
-	$var = (unsigned char)SvIVn($arg)
-T_FLOAT
-	$var = (float)SvNVn($arg)
-T_DOUBLE
-	$var = SvNVn($arg)
-T_STRING
-	$var = SvPVn($arg,na)
-T_PTR
-	$var = ($type)(unsigned long)SvNVn($arg)
-T_PTRREF
-	if (SvTYPE($arg) == SVt_REF)
-	    $var = ($type)(unsigned long)SvNVn((SV*)SvANY($arg));
-	else
-	    croak(\"$var is not a reference\")
-T_PTROBJ
-	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\"))
-	    $var = ($type)(unsigned long)SvNVn((SV*)SvANY($arg));
-	else
-	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
-T_PTRDESC
-	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\")) {
-	    ${type}_desc = (\U${type}_DESC\E*)(unsigned long)SvNVn((SV*)SvANY($arg));
-	    $var = ${type}_desc->ptr;
-	}
-	else
-	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
-T_REFREF
-	if (SvTYPE($arg) == SVt_REF)
-	    $var = *($type)(unsigned long)SvNVn((SV*)SvANY($arg));
-	else
-	    croak(\"$var is not a reference\")
-T_REFOBJ
-	if (sv_isa($arg, \"${ntype}\"))
-	    $var = *($type)(unsigned long)SvNVn((SV*)SvANY($arg));
-	else
-	    croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
-T_OPAQUE
-	$var NOT IMPLEMENTED
-T_OPAQUEPTR
-	$var = ($type)SvPVn($arg,na)
-T_PACKED
-	$var = XS_unpack_$ntype($arg)
-T_PACKEDARRAY
-	$var = XS_unpack_$ntype($arg)
-T_CALLBACK
-	$var = make_perl_cb_$type($arg)
-T_ARRAY
-	$var = $ntype(items -= $argoff);
-	U32 ix_$var = $argoff;
-	while (items--) {
-	    DO_ARRAY_ELEM;
-	}
-T_DATUM
-	$var.dptr = SvPVn($arg, $var.dsize);
-T_GDATUM
-	UNIMPLEMENTED
-T_PLACEHOLDER
-T_END
-
-$* = 1; %output_expr = (JUNK, split(/^(T_\w*)\s*\n/, <<'T_END')); $* = 0;
-T_INT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_ENUM
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_U_INT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_SHORT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_U_SHORT
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_LONG
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_U_LONG
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_CHAR
-	sv_setpvn($arg, (char *)&$var, 1);
-T_U_CHAR
-	sv_setiv($arg, (I32)$var);
-T_FLOAT
-	sv_setnv($arg, (double)$var);
-T_DOUBLE
-	sv_setnv($arg, $var);
-T_STRING
-	sv_setpv($arg, $var);
-T_PTR
-	sv_setnv($arg, (double)(unsigned long)$var);
-T_PTRREF
-	sv_setptrref($arg, $var);
-T_PTROBJ
-	sv_setptrobj($arg, $var, \"${ntype}\");
-T_PTRDESC
-	sv_setptrobj($arg, (void*)new\U${type}_DESC\E($var), \"${ntype}\");
-T_REFREF
-	sv_setrefref($arg, \"${ntype}\", XS_service_$ntype,
-		    ($var ? (void*)new $ntype($var) : 0));
-T_REFOBJ
-	NOT IMPLEMENTED
-T_OPAQUE
-	sv_setpvn($arg, (char *)&$var, sizeof($var));
-T_OPAQUEPTR
-	sv_setpvn($arg, (char *)$var, sizeof(*$var)), XFree((char *)$var);
-T_PACKED
-	XS_pack_$ntype($arg, $var);
-T_PACKEDARRAY
-	XS_pack_$ntype($arg, $var, count_$ntype);
-T_DATAUNIT	
-	sv_setpvn($arg, $var.chp(), $var.size());
-T_CALLBACK
-	sv_setpvn($arg, $var.context.value().chp(),
-		$var.context.value().size());
-T_ARRAY
-	ST_EXTEND($var.size);
-	for (U32 ix_$var = 0; ix_$var < $var.size; ix_$var++) {
-		ST(ix_$var) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);
-	DO_ARRAY_ELEM
-	}
-	sp += $var.size - 1;
-T_DATUM
-	sv_setpvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
-T_GDATUM
-	sv_usepvn($arg, $var.dptr, $var.dsize);
-T_END
-
-$uvfile = shift @ARGV;
-open(F, $uvfile) || die "cannot open $uvfile\n";
-
-if ($eflag) {
-	print qq|#include "cfm/basic.h"\n|;
-}
-
-while (<F>) {
-	last if ($Module, $foo, $Package, $foo1, $Prefix) =
-		/^MODULE\s*=\s*(\w+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*(\w+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(.+))?$/;
-	print $_;
-}
-$Pack = $Package;
-$Package .= "::" if defined $Package && $Package ne "";
-$/ = "";
-
-while (<F>) {
-	# parse paragraph
-	chop;
-	next if /^\s*$/;
-	next if /^(#.*\n?)+$/;
-	if (/^MODULE\s*=\s*(\w+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*(\w+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(.+))?$/) {
-		$Module = $1;
-		$foo = $2;
-		$Package = $3;
-		$Pack = $Package;
-		$foo1 = $4;
-		$Prefix = $5;
-		$Package .= "::" if defined $Package && $Package ne "";
-		next;
-	}
-	split(/[\t ]*\n/);
-
-	# initialize info arrays
-	undef(%args_match);
-	undef(%var_types);
-	undef(%var_addr);
-	undef(%defaults);
-	undef($class);
-	undef($static);
-	undef($elipsis);
-
-	# extract return type, function name and arguments
-	$ret_type = shift(@_);
-	if ($ret_type =~ /^static\s+(.*)$/) {
-		$static = 1;
-		$ret_type = $1;
-	}
-	$func_header = shift(@_);
-	($func_name, $orig_args) =  $func_header =~ /^([\w:]+)\s*\((.*)\)$/;
-	if ($func_name =~ /(.*)::(.*)/) {
-		$class = $1;
-		$func_name = $2;
-	}
-	($pname = $func_name) =~ s/^($Prefix)?/$Package/;
-	push(@Func_name, "${Pack}_$func_name");
-	push(@Func_pname, $pname);
-	@args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args);
-	if (defined($class) && !defined($static)) {
-		unshift(@args, "THIS");
-		$orig_args = "THIS, $orig_args";
-		$orig_args =~ s/^THIS, $/THIS/;
-	}
-	$orig_args =~ s/"/\\"/g;
-	$min_args = $num_args = @args;
-	foreach $i (0..$num_args-1) {
-		if ($args[$i] =~ s/\.\.\.//) {
-			$elipsis = 1;
-			$min_args--;
-			if ($args[i] eq '' && $i == $num_args - 1) {
-			    pop(@args);
-			    last;
-			}
-		}
-		if ($args[$i] =~ /([^=]*\S)\s*=\s*(.*)/) {
-			$min_args--;
-			$args[$i] = $1;
-			$defaults{$args[$i]} = $2;
-			$defaults{$args[$i]} =~ s/"/\\"/g;
-		}
-	}
-	if (defined($class) && !defined($static)) {
-		$func_args = join(", ", @args[1..$#args]);
-	} else {
-		$func_args = join(", ", @args);
-	}
-	@args_match{@args} = 1..@args;
-
-	# print function header
-	print <<"EOF" if $aflag;
-static int
-XS_${Pack}_$func_name(int, int sp, int items)
-EOF
-	print <<"EOF" if !$aflag;
-static int
-XS_${Pack}_$func_name(ix, sp, items)
-register int ix;
-register int sp;
-register int items;
-EOF
-	print <<"EOF" if $elipsis;
-{
-    if (items < $min_args) {
-	croak("Usage: $pname($orig_args)");
-    }
-EOF
-	print <<"EOF" if !$elipsis;
-{
-    if (items < $min_args || items > $num_args) {
-	croak("Usage: $pname($orig_args)");
-    }
-EOF
-
-# Now do a block of some sort.
-
-$condnum = 0;
-if (!@_) {
-    @_ = "CLEANUP:";
-}
-while (@_) {
-	if ($_[0] =~ s/^\s*CASE\s*:\s*//) {
-		$cond = shift(@_);
-		if ($condnum == 0) {
-		    print "    if ($cond)\n";
-		}
-		elsif ($cond ne '') {
-		    print "    else if ($cond)\n";
-		}
-		else {
-		    print "    else\n";
-		}
-		$condnum++;
-	}
-
-	print 		<<"EOF" if $eflag;
-    TRY {
-EOF
-	print 		<<"EOF" if !$eflag;
-    {
-EOF
-
-	# do initialization of input variables
-	$thisdone = 0;
-	$retvaldone = 0;
-	$deferred = "";
-	while ($_ = shift(@_)) {
-		last if /^\s*NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET/;
-		last if /^\s*(CODE|OUTPUT|CLEANUP|CASE)\s*:/;
-		($var_type, $var_name, $var_init) =
-		    /\s*([^\t]+)\s*([^\s=]+)\s*(=.*)?/;
-		if ($var_name =~ /^&/) {
-			$var_name =~ s/^&//;
-			$var_addr{$var_name} = 1;
-		}
-		$thisdone |= $var_name eq "THIS";
-		$retvaldone |= $var_name eq "RETVAL";
-		$var_types{$var_name} = $var_type;
-		print "\t" . &map_type($var_type);
-		$var_num = $args_match{$var_name};
-		if ($var_addr{$var_name}) {
-			$func_args =~ s/\b($var_name)\b/&\1/;
-		}
-		if ($var_init !~ /^=\s*NO_INIT\s*$/) {
-			if ($var_init !~ /^\s*$/) {
-				&output_init($var_type, $var_num,
-				    "$var_name $var_init");
-			} elsif ($var_num) {
-				# generate initialization code
-				&generate_init($var_type, $var_num, $var_name);
-			} else {
-				print ";\n";
-			}
-		} else {
-			print "\t$var_name;\n";
-		}
-	}
-	if (!$thisdone && defined($class) && !defined($static)) {
-		print "\t$class *";
-		$var_types{"THIS"} = "$class *";
-		&generate_init("$class *", 1, "THIS");
-	}
-
-	# do code
-	if (/^\s*NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET/) {
-		print "\ncroak(\"$pname: not implemented yet\");\n";
-	} else {
-		if ($ret_type ne "void") {
-			print "\t" . &map_type($ret_type) . "\tRETVAL;\n"
-				if !$retvaldone;
-			$args_match{"RETVAL"} = 0;
-			$var_types{"RETVAL"} = $ret_type;
-		}
-		print $deferred;
-		if (/^\s*CODE:/) {
-			while ($_ = shift(@_)) {
-				last if /^\s*(OUTPUT|CLEANUP|CASE)\s*:/;
-				print "$_\n";
-			}
-		} else {
-			print "\n\t";
-			if ($ret_type ne "void") {
-				print "RETVAL = ";
-			}
-			if (defined($static)) {
-				print "$class::";
-			} elsif (defined($class)) {
-				print "THIS->";
-			}
-			if (defined($spat) && $func_name =~ /^($spat)(.*)$/) {
-				$func_name = $2;
-			}
-			print "$func_name($func_args);\n";
-			&generate_output($ret_type, 0, "RETVAL")
-			    unless $ret_type eq "void";
-		}
-	}
-
-	# do output variables
-	if (/^\s*OUTPUT\s*:/) {
-		while ($_ = shift(@_)) {
-			last if /^\s*CLEANUP\s*:/;
-			s/^\s+//;
-			($outarg, $outcode) = split(/\t+/);
-			if ($outcode) {
-			print "\t$outcode\n";
-			} else {
-				die "$outarg not an argument"
-				    unless defined($args_match{$outarg});
-				$var_num = $args_match{$outarg};
-				&generate_output($var_types{$outarg}, $var_num,
-				    $outarg); 
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	# do cleanup
-	if (/^\s*CLEANUP\s*:/) {
-	    while ($_ = shift(@_)) {
-		    last if /^\s*CASE\s*:/;
-		    print "$_\n";
-	    }
-	}
-	# print function trailer
-	print <<EOF if $eflag;
-    }
-    BEGHANDLERS
-    CATCHALL
-	croak("%s: %s\\tpropagated", Xname, Xreason);
-    ENDHANDLERS
-EOF
-	print <<EOF if !$eflag;
-    }
-EOF
-	if (/^\s*CASE\s*:/) {
-	    unshift(@_, $_);
-	}
-}
-	print <<EOF;
-    return sp;
-}
-
-EOF
-}
-
-# print initialization routine
-print qq/extern "C"\n/ if $cflag;
-print <<"EOF";
-int init_$Module(ix,sp,items)
-int ix;
-int sp;
-int items;
-{
-    char* file = __FILE__;
-
-EOF
-
-for (@Func_name) {
-	$pname = shift(@Func_pname);
-	print "    newXSUB(\"$pname\", 0, XS_$_, file);\n";
-}
-print "}\n";
-
-sub output_init {
-	local($type, $num, $init) = @_;
-	local($arg) = "ST($num)";
-
-	eval qq/print " $init\\\n"/;
-}
-
-sub generate_init {
-	local($type, $num, $var) = @_;
-	local($arg) = "ST($num)";
-	local($argoff) = $num - 1;
-	local($ntype);
-
-	die "$type not in typemap" if !defined($type_kind{$type});
-	($ntype = $type) =~ s/\s*\*/Ptr/g;
-	$subtype = $ntype;
-	$subtype =~ s/Ptr$//;
-	$subtype =~ s/Array$//;
-	$expr = $input_expr{$type_kind{$type}};
-	if ($expr =~ /DO_ARRAY_ELEM/) {
-	    $subexpr = $input_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}};
-	    $subexpr =~ s/ntype/subtype/g;
-	    $subexpr =~ s/\$arg/ST(ix_$var)/g;
-	    $subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g;
-	    $subexpr =~ s/is not of (.*")/[arg %d] is not of $1, ix_$var + 1/g;
-	    $subexpr =~ s/\$var/$var[ix_$var - $argoff]/;
-	    $expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM/$subexpr/;
-	}
-	if (defined($defaults{$var})) {
-		$expr =~ s/(\t+)/$1    /g;
-		$expr =~ s/        /\t/g;
-		eval qq/print "\\t$var;\\n"/;
-		$deferred .= eval qq/"\\n\\tif (items < $num)\\n\\t    $var = $defaults{$var};\\n\\telse {\\n$expr;\\n\\t}\\n"/;
-	} elsif ($expr !~ /^\t\$var =/) {
-		eval qq/print "\\t$var;\\n"/;
-		$deferred .= eval qq/"\\n$expr;\\n"/;
-	} else {
-		eval qq/print "$expr;\\n"/;
-	}
-}
-
-sub generate_output {
-	local($type, $num, $var) = @_;
-	local($arg) = "ST($num)";
-	local($argoff) = $num - 1;
-	local($ntype);
-
-	if ($type =~ /^array\(([^,]*),(.*)\)/) {
-		print "\tsv_setpvn($arg, (char *)$var, $2 * sizeof($1)), XFree((char *)$var);\n";
-	} else {
-		die "$type not in typemap" if !defined($type_kind{$type});
-		($ntype = $type) =~ s/\s*\*/Ptr/g;
-		$ntype =~ s/\(\)//g;
-		$subtype = $ntype;
-		$subtype =~ s/Ptr$//;
-		$subtype =~ s/Array$//;
-		$expr = $output_expr{$type_kind{$type}};
-		if ($expr =~ /DO_ARRAY_ELEM/) {
-		    $subexpr = $output_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}};
-		    $subexpr =~ s/ntype/subtype/g;
-		    $subexpr =~ s/\$arg/ST(ix_$var)/g;
-		    $subexpr =~ s/\$var/${var}[ix_$var]/g;
-		    $subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g;
-		    $expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM\n/$subexpr/;
-		}
-		elsif ($arg eq 'ST(0)') {
-		    print "\tST(0) = sv_mortalcopy(&sv_undef);\n";
-		}
-		eval "print qq\f$expr\f";
-	}
-}
-
-sub map_type {
-	local($type) = @_;
-
-	if ($type =~ /^array\(([^,]*),(.*)\)/) {
-		return "$1 *";
-	} else {
-		return $type;
-	}
-}
diff --git a/ext/xvarpp b/ext/xvarpp
deleted file mode 100755
index cdb2bd0388..0000000000
--- a/ext/xvarpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-# $Header$ 
-
-$usage = "Usage: xvar [-a] [-c] typemap file.xv\n";
-die $usage unless (@ARGV >= 2 && @ARGV <= 4);
-
-SWITCH: while ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-/) {
-    $flag = shift @ARGV;
-    $aflag = 1, next SWITCH if $flag =~ /^-a$/;
-    $cflag = 1, next SWITCH if $flag =~ /^-c$/;
-    die $usage;
-}
-
-$typemap = shift @ARGV;
-open(TYPEMAP, $typemap) || die "cannot open $typemap\n";
-while (<TYPEMAP>) {
-	next if /^\s*$/ || /^#/;
-	chop;
-	($typename, $kind) = split(/\t+/);
-	$type_kind{$typename} = $kind;
-}
-close(TYPEMAP);
-
-$uvfile = shift @ARGV;
-open(F, $uvfile) || die "cannot open $uvfile\n";
-#($uvoutfile = $uvfile) =~ s|^.*/([^/]*).us$|\1.c| ;
-#print "uvoutfile is $uvoutfile\n";
-
-#open(FOUT, ">$uvoutfile") || die "cannot open $uvoutfile\n";
-#select(FOUT);
-
-while (<F>) {
-	last if ($Module, $foo, $Package, $foo1, $Prefix) =
-		/^MODULE\s*=\s*(\w+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*(\w+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\w+))?/;
-	print $_;
-}
-$Package .= "::" if defined $Package && $Package ne "";
-print <<EOF;
-static struct varinfo varinfo [] = {
-EOF
-
-while (<F>) {
-	next if /^s*$/ || /^#/;
-	if (/^MODULE\s*=\s*(\w+)(\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*(\w+))?(\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\w+))?/) {
-		$Module = $1;
-		$foo = $2;
-		$Package = $3;
-		$foo1 = $4;
-		$Prefix = $5;
-		$Package .= "'" if defined $Package && $Package ne "";
-		next;
-	}
-	chop;
-	$func = undef;
-	($var, $kind, $store, $read) = split(/\t+/);
-	die "$kind not defined in typemap\n" if !defined($type_kind{$kind});
-	$flags = "0";
-	if ($store =~ /FUNC=(.*)/) {
-		$flags .= "|VI_FUNC";
-		$func = $1;
-	} elsif ($store eq "VAR") {
-		$flags .= "|VI_VARIABLE";
-	} elsif ($store ne "VAL") {
-		die "$var storage class not VAL, VAR or FUNC\n";
-	}
-	if ($read eq "READWRITE") {
-		$flags .= "|VI_READWRITE";
-	} elsif ($read ne "READONLY") {
-		die "$var access class not READONLY or READWRITE\n";
-	}
-	SIZE: {
-		$type_kind = $type_kind{$kind};
-		$size = 0;
-		do {$size = "sizeof(int)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_INT");
-		do {$size = "sizeof($kind)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_ENUM");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(unsigned int)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_U_INT");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(short)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_SHORT");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(unsigned short)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_U_SHORT");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(long)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_LONG");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(unsigned long)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_U_LONG");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(char)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_CHAR");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(unsigned char)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_U_CHAR");
-		do {$size = "0"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_STRING");
-		do {$size = "sizeof(char *)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_PTR");
-		do {$size = "sizeof($kind)"; last SIZE; }
-						if ($type_kind eq "T_OPAQUE");
-	}
-	($name = $var) =~ s/^$Prefix//;
-	print "    { \"$Package$name\", $type_kind, $flags, $size, ";
-	if ($store =~ /FUNC/) {
-		print "(char *)$func, 0.0 },\n";
-	} elsif ($store eq "VAR") {
-		print "(char *)&$var, 0.0 },\n";
-	} elsif ($type_kind eq "T_FLOAT" || $type_kind eq "T_DOUBLE") {
-		print "0, $var },\n";
-	} else {
-		print "(char *)$var, 0.0 },\n";
-	}
-}
-print <<EOF if $aflag;
-};
-
-static unsigned long varinfolen = sizeof(varinfo)/sizeof(*varinfo);
-
-static int UV_val(int ix, SV *sv)
-{
-    return common_UV_val(varinfo, varinfolen, ix, sv);
-}
-
-static int UV_set(int ix, SV *sv)
-{
-    return common_UV_set(varinfo, varinfolen, ix, sv);
-}
-EOF
-print <<EOF if !$aflag;
-};
-
-static unsigned long varinfolen = sizeof(varinfo)/sizeof(*varinfo);
-
-static int UV_val(ix, sv)
-int ix;
-SV *sv;
-{
-    return common_UV_val(varinfo, varinfolen, ix, sv);
-}
-
-static int UV_set(ix, sv)
-int ix;
-SV *sv;
-{
-    return common_UV_set(varinfo, varinfolen, ix, sv);
-}
-
-EOF
-print qq/extern "C"\n/ if $cflag;
-print <<EOF;
-void init_$Module()
-{
-    int		i;
-    struct	ufuncs uf;
-    
-    uf.uf_set = UV_set;
-    uf.uf_val = UV_val;
-    for (i = 0; i < varinfolen; i++) {
-	uf.uf_index = i;
-	magicname(varinfo[i].vname, (char *)&uf, sizeof uf);
-    }
-}
-
-EOF