[inseparable changes from match from perl-5.003_97 to perl-5.003_97a]

 CORE PORTABILITY

Subject: Add support for Cygwin32 (GNU-Win32) -- very low impact
Date: Thu, 3 Apr 1997 09:21:17 +0100
From: John Cerney <j-cerney1@ti.com>
Files: MANIFEST README.cygwin32 cygwin32/cw32imp.h cygwin32/gcc2 cygwin32/ld2 cygwin32/perlgcc cygwin32/perlld ext/DynaLoader/dl_cygwin32.xs hints/cygwin32.sh perl.h pp_sys.c
Msg-ID: 199704030821.JAA08762@pluto.tiuk.ti.com

    (applied based on p5p patch as commit 2a079e0090406b1b2e50643540f149206c9e9de8)

Subject: Win32 update (six patches)
From: Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@engin.umich.edu>
Files: MANIFEST README.win32 dosish.h t/io/fs.t t/io/tell.t t/lib/io_tell.t t/op/magic.t t/op/mkdir.t t/op/runlevel.t t/op/stat.t t/op/taint.t win32/Makefile win32/VC-2.0/pod.mak win32/makedef.pl win32/pod.mak win32/win32.c win32/win32.h win32/win32io.c win32/win32io.h win32/win32iop.h

 LIBRARY AND EXTENSIONS

Subject: Math::Trig, based on (and from an author of) Math::Complex
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@perl.com>
Files: MANIFEST lib/Math/Complex.pm lib/Math/Trig.pm pod/perldelta.pod t/lib/complex.t t/lib/trig.t

 OTHER CORE CHANGES

Subject: Fix const-sub-related panic on C<sub foo { my $x; 0 } foo>
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@perl.com>
Files: op.c

Subject: Fix warning for useless C<1..2>
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@perl.com>
Files: op.c

Subject: Minor cleanups
Date: Thu, 03 Apr 1997 19:56:57 -0500
From: Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@engin.umich.edu>
Files: mg.c mg.h perl.c
Msg-ID: 199704040056.TAA22253@aatma.engin.umich.edu

    (applied based on p5p patch as commit 609794497049cf42bdd2396c04cbb7728e10374d)

Subject: Eliminate unreliable warning with %SIG and strict refs
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@perl.com>
Files: mg.c

Subject: Fix impossible test in vivification
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@perl.com>
Files: mg.c

4 files changed, 311 insertions, 28 deletions

diff --git a/lib/Benchmark.pm b/lib/Benchmark.pm
index fa5c9e81d4..13acf869bc 100644
--- a/lib/Benchmark.pm
+++ b/lib/Benchmark.pm
@@ -195,8 +195,7 @@ code and therefore the difference might end up being E<lt> 0.
 
 =head1 AUTHORS
 
-Jarkko Hietaniemi E<lt>F<Jarkko.Hietaniemi@hut.fi>E<gt>,
-Tim Bunce E<lt>F<Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk>E<gt>
+Jarkko Hietaniemi <F<jhi@iki.fi>>, Tim Bunce <F<Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk>>
 
 =head1 MODIFICATION HISTORY
 
diff --git a/lib/I18N/Collate.pm b/lib/I18N/Collate.pm
index 343cb02205..6961dc2f1c 100644
--- a/lib/I18N/Collate.pm
+++ b/lib/I18N/Collate.pm
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ European character set.
 
 # I18N::Collate.pm
 #
-# Author:	Jarkko Hietaniemi <Jarkko.Hietaniemi@hut.fi>
+# Author:	Jarkko Hietaniemi <F<jhi@iki.fi>>
 #		Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
 #
-# Acks:		Guy Decoux <decoux@moulon.inra.fr> understood
+# Acks:		Guy Decoux <F<decoux@moulon.inra.fr>> understood
 #		overloading magic much deeper than I and told
 #		how to cut the size of this code by more than half.
 #		(my first version did overload all of lt gt eq le ge cmp)
diff --git a/lib/Math/Complex.pm b/lib/Math/Complex.pm
index 30194eb9a7..9000543438 100644
--- a/lib/Math/Complex.pm
+++ b/lib/Math/Complex.pm
@@ -5,26 +5,41 @@
 # -- Jarkko Hietaniemi, March 1997
 
 require Exporter;
-package Math::Complex; @ISA = qw(Exporter);
+package Math::Complex;
 
 use strict;
 
-use vars qw(@EXPORT $package $display
+use vars qw($VERSION @ISA
+	    @EXPORT %EXPORT_TAGS
+	    $package $display
 	    $pi $i $ilog10 $logn %logn);
 
-@EXPORT = qw(
-	pi i Re Im arg
-	sqrt exp log ln
-	log10 logn cbrt root
-	tan
-	cosec csc sec cotan cot
-	asin acos atan
-	acosec acsc asec acotan acot
-	sinh cosh tanh
-	cosech csch sech cotanh coth
-	asinh acosh atanh
-	acosech acsch asech acotanh acoth
-	cplx cplxe
+@ISA = qw(Exporter);
+
+$VERSION = 1.01;
+
+my @trig = qw(
+	      pi
+	      tan
+	      csc cosec sec cot cotan
+	      asin acos atan
+	      acsc acosec asec acot acotan
+	      sinh cosh tanh
+	      csch cosech sech coth cotanh
+	      asinh acosh atanh
+	      acsch acosech asech acoth acotanh
+	     );
+
+@EXPORT = (qw(
+	     i Re Im arg
+	     sqrt exp log ln
+	     log10 logn cbrt root
+	     cplx cplxe
+	     ),
+	   @trig);
+
+%EXPORT_TAGS = (
+    'trig' => [@trig],
 );
 
 use overload
@@ -236,7 +251,7 @@ sub multiply {
 # Die on division by zero.
 #
 sub divbyzero {
-    warn $package . '::' . "$_[0]: Division by zero.\n";
+    warn "$_[0]: Division by zero.\n";
     warn "(Because in the definition of $_[0], $_[1] is 0)\n"
 	if (defined $_[1]);
     my @up = caller(1);
@@ -1002,6 +1017,7 @@ Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 
 	use Math::Complex;
+	
 	$z = Math::Complex->make(5, 6);
 	$t = 4 - 3*i + $z;
 	$j = cplxe(1, 2*pi/3);
@@ -1195,32 +1211,32 @@ numbers:
 
 	tan(z) = sin(z) / cos(z)
 
-	 csc(z) = 1 / sin(z)
-	 sec(z) = 1 / cos(z)
+	csc(z) = 1 / sin(z)
+	sec(z) = 1 / cos(z)
 	cot(z) = 1 / tan(z)
 
 	asin(z) = -i * log(i*z + sqrt(1-z*z))
 	acos(z) = -i * log(z + sqrt(z*z-1))
 	atan(z) = i/2 * log((i+z) / (i-z))
 
-	 acsc(z) = asin(1 / z)
-	 asec(z) = acos(1 / z)
+	acsc(z) = asin(1 / z)
+	asec(z) = acos(1 / z)
 	acot(z) = -i/2 * log((i+z) / (z-i))
 
 	sinh(z) = 1/2 (exp(z) - exp(-z))
 	cosh(z) = 1/2 (exp(z) + exp(-z))
 	tanh(z) = sinh(z) / cosh(z) = (exp(z) - exp(-z)) / (exp(z) + exp(-z))
 
-	 csch(z) = 1 / sinh(z)
-	 sech(z) = 1 / cosh(z)
+	csch(z) = 1 / sinh(z)
+	sech(z) = 1 / cosh(z)
 	coth(z) = 1 / tanh(z)
 	
 	asinh(z) = log(z + sqrt(z*z+1))
 	acosh(z) = log(z + sqrt(z*z-1))
 	atanh(z) = 1/2 * log((1+z) / (1-z))
 
-	 acsch(z) = asinh(1 / z)
-	 asech(z) = acosh(1 / z)
+	acsch(z) = asinh(1 / z)
+	asech(z) = acosh(1 / z)
 	acoth(z) = atanh(1 / z) = 1/2 * log((1+z) / (z-1))
 
 I<log>, I<csc>, I<cot>, I<acsc>, I<acot>, I<csch>, I<coth>,
@@ -1325,6 +1341,32 @@ Here are some examples:
 	$k = exp(i * 2*pi/3);
 	print "$j - $k = ", $j - $k, "\n";
 
+=head1 CAVEATS
+
+The division (/) and the following functions
+
+	tan
+	sec
+	csc
+	cot
+	atan
+	acot
+	tanh
+	sech
+	csch
+	coth
+	atanh
+	asech
+	acsch
+	acoth
+
+cannot be computed for all arguments because that would mean dividing
+by zero. These situations cause fatal runtime errors looking like this
+
+	cot(0): Division by zero.
+	(Because in the definition of cot(0), sin(0) is 0)
+	Died at ...
+
 =head1 BUGS
 
 Saying C<use Math::Complex;> exports many mathematical routines in the caller
diff --git a/lib/Math/Trig.pm b/lib/Math/Trig.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c3570c840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Math/Trig.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+#
+# Trigonometric functions, mostly inherited from Math::Complex.
+# -- Jarkko Hietaniemi, April 1997
+#
+
+require Exporter;
+package Math::Trig;
+
+use strict;
+
+use Math::Complex qw(:trig);
+
+use vars qw($VERSION $PACKAGE
+	    @ISA
+	    @EXPORT
+	    $pi2 $DR $RD $DG $GD $RG $GR);
+
+@ISA = qw(Exporter);
+
+$VERSION = 1.00;
+
+my @angcnv = qw(rad_to_deg rad_to_grad
+	     deg_to_rad deg_to_grad
+	     grad_to_rad grad_to_dec);
+
+@EXPORT = (@{$Math::Complex::EXPORT_TAGS{'trig'}},
+	   @angcnv);
+
+sub pi2 () {
+    $pi2 = 2 * pi unless ($pi2);
+    $pi2;
+}
+
+sub DR () {
+    $DR = pi2/360 unless ($DR);
+    $DR;
+}
+
+sub RD () {
+    $RD = 360/pi2 unless ($RD);
+    $RD;
+}
+
+sub DG () {
+    $DG = 400/360 unless ($DG);
+    $DG;
+}
+
+sub GD () {
+    $GD = 360/400 unless ($GD);
+    $GD;
+}
+
+sub RG () {
+    $RG = 400/pi2 unless ($RG);
+    $RG;
+}
+
+sub GR () {
+    $GR = pi2/400 unless ($GR);
+    $GR;
+}
+
+#
+# Truncating remainder.
+#
+
+sub remt ($$) {
+    # Oh yes, POSIX::fmod() would be faster. Possibly. If it is available.
+    $_[0] - $_[1] * int($_[0] / $_[1]);
+}
+
+#
+# Angle conversions.
+#
+
+sub rad_to_deg ($) {
+    remt(RD * $_[0], 360);
+}
+
+sub deg_to_rad ($) {
+    remt(DR * $_[0], pi2);
+}
+
+sub grad_to_deg ($) {
+    remt(GD * $_[0], 360);
+}
+
+sub deg_to_grad ($) {
+    remt(DG * $_[0], 400);
+}
+
+sub rad_to_grad ($) {
+    remt(RG * $_[0], 400);
+}
+
+sub grad_to_rad ($) {
+    remt(GR * $_[0], pi2);
+}
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+	use Math::Trig;
+	
+	$x = tan(0.9);
+	$y = acos(3.7);
+	$z = asin(2.4);
+	
+	$halfpi = pi/2;
+
+	$rad = deg_to_rad(120);
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+C<Math::Trig> defines many trigonometric functions not defined by the
+core Perl (which defines only the C<sin()> and C<cos()>.  The constant
+B<pi> is also defined as are a few convenience functions for angle
+conversions.
+
+=head1 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
+
+The tangent
+
+	tan
+
+The cofunctions of the sine, cosine, and tangent (cosec/csc and cotan/cot
+are aliases)
+
+	csc cosec sec cot cotan
+
+The arcus (also known as the inverse) functions of the sine, cosine,
+and tangent
+
+	asin acos atan
+
+The principal value of the arc tangent of y/x
+
+	atan2(y, x)
+
+The arcus cofunctions of the sine, cosine, and tangent (acosec/acsc
+and acotan/acot are aliases)
+
+	acsc acosec asec acot acotan
+
+The hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent
+
+	sinh cosh tanh
+
+The cofunctions of the hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent (cosech/csch
+and cotanh/coth are aliases)
+
+	csch cosech sech coth cotanh
+
+The arcus (also known as the inverse) functions of the hyperbolic
+sine, cosine, and tangent
+
+	asinh acosh atanh
+
+The arcus cofunctions of the hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent
+(acsch/acosech and acoth/acotanh are aliases)
+
+	acsch acosech asech acoth acotanh
+
+The trigonometric constant B<pi> is also defined.
+
+	$pi2 = 2 * pi;
+
+=head2 SIMPLE ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
+
+Please note that some of the trigonometric functions can break out
+from the B<real axis> into the B<complex plane>. For example
+C<asin(2)> has no definition for plain real numbers but it has
+definition for complex numbers.
+
+In Perl terms this means that supplying the usual Perl numbers (also
+known as scalars, please see L<perldata>) as input for the
+trigonometric functions might produce as output results that no more
+are simple real numbers: instead they are complex numbers.
+
+The C<Math::Trig> handles this by using the C<Math::Complex> package
+which knows how to handle complex numbers, please see L<Math::Complex>
+for more information. In practice you need not to worry about getting
+complex numbers as results because the C<Math::Complex> takes care of
+details like for example how to display complex numbers. For example:
+
+	print asin(2), "\n";
+    
+should produce something like this (take or leave few last decimals):
+
+	1.5707963267949-1.31695789692482i
+
+That is, a complex number with the real part of approximately E<1.571>
+and the imaginary part of approximately E<-1.317>.
+
+=head1 ANGLE CONVERSIONS
+
+(Plane, 2-dimensional) angles may be converted with the following functions.
+
+	$radians  = deg_to_rad($degrees);
+	$radians  = grad_to_rad($gradians);
+	
+	$degrees  = rad_to_deg($radians);
+	$degrees  = grad_to_deg($gradians);
+	
+	$gradians = deg_to_grad($degrees);
+	$gradians = rad_to_grad($radians);
+
+The full circle is 2 B<pi> radians or E<360> degrees or E<400> gradians.
+
+=head1
+
+The following functions
+
+	tan
+	sec
+	csc
+	cot
+	atan
+	acot
+	tanh
+	sech
+	csch
+	coth
+	atanh
+	asech
+	acsch
+	acoth
+
+cannot be computed for all arguments because that would mean dividing
+by zero. These situations cause fatal runtime errors looking like this
+
+	cot(0): Division by zero.
+	(Because in the definition of cot(0), sin(0) is 0)
+	Died at ...
+
+=cut
+
+# eof