[inseparable changes from patch from perl5.003_08 to perl5.003_09]

 CORE LANGUAGE CHANGES

Subject: Lexical locales
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: too many to list

    make effectiveness of locales depend on C<use locale>

Subject: Lexical scoping cleanup
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: many... but mostly perly.y and toke.c

    tighten scoping of lexical variables, somewhat on the
    new constructs and somewhat on the old

Subject: memory corruption / security bug in sysread,syswrite + patch
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 21:46:31 +0200 (EET)
From: Jarkko Hietaniemi <jhi@cc.hut.fi>
Files: MANIFEST pod/perldiag.pod pod/perlfunc.pod pp_sys.c t/op/sysio.t
Msg-ID: <199611251946.VAA30459@alpha.hut.fi>

    (applied based on p5p patch as commit d7090df90a9cb89c83787d916e40d92a616b146d)

 DOCUMENTATION

Subject: perldiag documentation patch.
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 96 16:07:28 GMT
From: Paul Marquess <pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk>
Files: pod/perldiag.pod

    private-msgid: <9611201607.AA12729@claudius.bfsec.bt.co.uk>

Subject: a missing perldiag entry
Date: Thu, 21 Nov 1996 15:24:02 -0500
From: Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@engin.umich.edu>
Files: pod/perldiag.pod

    private-msgid: <199611212024.PAA15758@aatma.engin.umich.edu>

Subject: perlfunc patch
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 96 14:04:08 GMT
From: Paul Marquess <pmarquess@bfsec.bt.co.uk>
Files: pod/perlfunc.pod

    Following on from the patch to make uc, lc etc default to $_ (as per
    Camel II), here is a followup patch to perlfunc that documents the
    change. I think I have documented all the other cases where $_
    defaulting works as well.
    
    p5p-msgid: <9611201404.AA12477@claudius.bfsec.bt.co.uk>

 OTHER CORE CHANGES

Subject: Properly prototype safe{malloc,calloc,realloc,free}.
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: proto.h

Subject: UnixWare 2.1 fix for perl5.003_08 - cope with fp->_cnt < -1, allow debugging
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 1996 14:27:06 +0100
From: John Hughes <john@AtlanTech.COM>
Files: sv.c

    UnixWare 2.1 has no fp->_base so most of the debugging stuff in sv_gets just
    core dumps.
    
    Also, for some unknown reason fp->_cnt is sometimes < -1, screwing up the
    initial SvGROW in svgets.
    
    Appart from that its io is std.
    
    p5p-msgid: <01BBD6EE.E915C860@malvinas.AtlanTech.COM>

Subject: die -> croak
Date: Thu, 21 Nov 1996 16:11:21 -0500
From: Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@engin.umich.edu>
Files: pp_ctl.c

    private-msgid: <199611212111.QAA17070@aatma.engin.umich.edu>

Subject: Cleanup of {,un}pack('w').
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: pp.c

Subject: Cleanups from Ilya.
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: gv.c malloc.c pod/perlguts.pod pp_ctl.c

Subject: Fix for unpack('w') on 64-bit systems.
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: pp.c

Subject: Re: LC_NUMERIC support is ready + performance
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 22:08:27 -0500 (EST)
From: Ilya Zakharevich <ilya@math.ohio-state.edu>
Files: sv.c

    Chip Salzenberg writes:
    > 
    > Having thought about the use of our own gcvt() and atof(), I've run
    > away in horror.  It's just too hairy.
    > 
    > So I've implemented the only viable alternative I know of: Toggling
    > LC_NUMERIC to/from "C" as needed.
    > 
    > Patch follows.
    > 
    > I think _09 is *very* close.
    
    Since _09 is going to be alpha anyway, I reiterate my question:
    	Is there any reason to not include my hash/array performance
    		patches in _09?
    
    Btw, here is the next performance patch. It makes PADTMP values
    stealable too. I do not do by setting TEMP flags on them, since it
    would be a very distributed patch, and it would break some places
    which check for TEMP for some other reasons (yes, I checked ;-).
    
    This patch decreases *twice* the memory usage of
    	perl -e '$a = "a" x 1e6; 1'
    
    Enjoy,
    
    p5p-msgid: <199611260308.WAA02677@monk.mps.ohio-state.edu>

Subject: Hash key sharing improvements from Ilya.
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: hv.c hv.h proto.h

Subject: Mortal stack pre-allocation from Ilya.
From: Chip Salzenberg <chip@atlantic.net>
Files: pp.c pp.h pp_ctl.c pp_hot.c pp_sys.c

 PORTABILITY

Subject: VMS patches post-5.003_08
Date: Fri, 22 Nov 1996 18:16:31 -0500 (EST)
From: Charles Bailey <bailey@hmivax.humgen.upenn.edu>
Files: lib/ExtUtils/MM_Unix.pm lib/ExtUtils/MM_VMS.pm lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm lib/File/Path.pm mg.c pp_ctl.c utils/h2xs.PL vms/config.vms vms/descrip.mms vms/gen_shrfls.pl vms/genconfig.pl vms/perlvms.pod vms/vms.c vms/vmsish.h

    Here're diffs to bring a base 5.003_08 up to the current VMS working
    sources.  Nearly all of the changes are VMS-specific, and comprise
    miscellaneous bugfixes accumulated since 5.003_07, rather than any
    particular problem with 5.003_08.  I'm posting them here since some
    of the patches change core files, and I'd like to insure that I
    haven't accidentally created problems for anyone else.
    
    With these and a couple of of the small patches already send to p5p,
    5.003_08 builds clean and passes all tests under VMS.
    
    Thanks, Chip, for all the work.
    
    p5p-msgid: <1996Nov22.181631.1603238@hmivax.humgen.upenn.edu>

7 files changed, 217 insertions, 104 deletions

diff --git a/vms/config.vms b/vms/config.vms
index 792c893b00..b8132add97 100644
--- a/vms/config.vms
+++ b/vms/config.vms
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@
  * GenConfig.pl when producing Config.pm.
  *
  * config.h for VMS
- * Version: 5.003_07
+ * Version: 5.003_08
  */                 
 
-/* Configuration time: 22-Mar-1996 14:45
+/* Configuration time: 19-Nov-1996 23:34
  * Configured by: Charles Bailey  bailey@genetics.upenn.edu
  * Target system: VMS
  */
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
  * when Perl is built.  Please do not change it by hand; make
  * any changes to FndVers.Com instead.
  */
-#define ARCHLIB_EXP "/perl_root/lib/VMS_VAX/5_00307"  /**/
+#define ARCHLIB_EXP "/perl_root/lib/VMS_VAX/5_00308"  /**/
 #define ARCHLIB ARCHLIB_EXP	/*config-skip*/
 
 /* CPPSTDIN:
@@ -1117,6 +1117,24 @@
  */
 #undef HAS_STRCOLL	/**/
 
+/* HAS_STRTOD:
+ *	This symbol, if defined, indicates that the strtod routine is
+ *	available to translate strings to doubles.
+ */
+#define HAS_STRTOD	/**/
+
+/* HAS_STRTOL:
+ *	This symbol, if defined, indicates that the strtol routine is
+ *	available to translate strings to integers.
+ */
+#define HAS_STRTOL	/**/
+
+/* HAS_STRTOUL:
+ *	This symbol, if defined, indicates that the strtoul routine is
+ *	available to translate strings to integers.
+ */
+#define HAS_STRTOUL	/**/
+
 /* HAS_STRXFRM:
  *	This symbol, if defined, indicates that the strxfrm() routine is
  *	available to compare strings using collating information.
diff --git a/vms/descrip.mms b/vms/descrip.mms
index a162ad03bc..35e59ee53f 100644
--- a/vms/descrip.mms
+++ b/vms/descrip.mms
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ OBJVAL = $(MMS$TARGET_NAME)$(O)
 .endif
 
 # Updated by fndvers.com -- do not edit by hand
-PERL_VERSION = 5_00307#
+PERL_VERSION = 5_00308#
 
 
 ARCHDIR =  [.lib.$(ARCH).$(PERL_VERSION)]
@@ -1565,9 +1565,9 @@ cleanlis :
 	- If F$Search("*.Map").nes."" Then Delete/NoConfirm/Log *.Map;*
 
 tidy : cleanlis
-	- If F$Search("*.Opt;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log *.Opt
-	- If F$Search("*$(O);-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log *$(O)
-	- If F$Search("*$(E);-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log *$(E)
+	- If F$Search("[...]*.Opt;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [...]*.Opt
+	- If F$Search("[...]*$(O);-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [...]*$(O)
+	- If F$Search("[...]*$(E);-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [...]*$(E)
 	- If F$Search("Config.H;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log Config.H
 	- If F$Search("Config.SH;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log Config.SH
 	- If F$Search("perly.c;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log perly.c
@@ -1592,6 +1592,7 @@ tidy : cleanlis
 	- If F$Search("[.Lib.Pod]*.Pod;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [.Lib.Pod]*.Pod
 	- If F$Search("$(ARCHCORE)*.*").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log $(ARCHCORE)*.*
 	- If F$Search("[.utils]*.;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [.utils]*.
+	- If F$Search("[.lib]perlbug.;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [.lib]perlbug.
 	- If F$Search("[.lib.pod]*.;-1").nes."" Then Purge/NoConfirm/Log [.lib.pod]*.
 
 clean : tidy
diff --git a/vms/gen_shrfls.pl b/vms/gen_shrfls.pl
index 8753893b8d..c9f51ab992 100644
--- a/vms/gen_shrfls.pl
+++ b/vms/gen_shrfls.pl
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ if ($isvax) {
   print DRVR "\$ Set Verify\n";
   print DRVR "\$ If F\$Search(\"$libperl\").eqs.\"\" Then Library/Object/Create $libperl\n";
   do {
-    $incstr .= ",perlshr_gbl$marord";
+    push(@symfiles,"perlshr_gbl$marord");
     print DRVR "\$ Macro/NoDebug/Object=PerlShr_Gbl${marord}$objsuffix PerlShr_Gbl$marord.Mar\n";
     print DRVR "\$ Library/Object/Replace/Log $libperl PerlShr_Gbl${marord}$objsuffix\n";
   } while (--$marord); 
@@ -345,6 +345,17 @@ if ($isvax) {
   close DRVR;
 }
 
+# Initial hack to permit building of compatible shareable images for a
+# given version of Perl.
+if ($ENV{PERLSHR_USE_GSMATCH}) {
+  my $major = int($] * 1000)                        & 0xFF;  # range 0..255
+  my $minor = int(($] * 1000 - $major) * 100 + 0.5) & 0xFF;  # range 0..255
+  print OPTBLD "GSMATCH=LEQUAL,$major,$minor\n";
+  foreach (@symfiles) {
+    print OPTBLD "CLUSTER=\$\$TRANSFER_VECTOR,,,$_.$objsuffix\n";
+  }
+}
+else { $incstr .= ',' . join(',',@symfiles); }
 # Include object modules and RTLs in options file
 # Linker wants /Include and /Library on different lines
 print OPTBLD "$libperl/Include=($incstr)\n";
diff --git a/vms/genconfig.pl b/vms/genconfig.pl
index d2ab5777de..924fa08dc6 100644
--- a/vms/genconfig.pl
+++ b/vms/genconfig.pl
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ if (open(PL,"${outdir}patchlevel.h")) {
 else { warn "Can't read ${outdir}patchlevel.h - skipping 'PATCHLEVEL'"; }
 
 # simple pager support for perldoc                                             
-if    (`most` =~ /IVVERB/) {
+if    (`most not..file` =~ /IVVERB/) {
   $pager = 'more';
   if (`more nl:` =~ /IVVERB/) { $pager = 'type/page'; }
 }
diff --git a/vms/perlvms.pod b/vms/perlvms.pod
index b56d202a7b..e065b08baa 100644
--- a/vms/perlvms.pod
+++ b/vms/perlvms.pod
@@ -140,13 +140,16 @@ be added to the linker options file F<PGPLOT.Opt> produced
 during the build process for the Perl extension.
 
 By default, the shareable image for an extension is placed
-in the F<[.Lib.Auto.>I<Arch>.I<Extname>F<]> directory of the
+F<[.lib.site_perl.auto>I<Arch>.I<Extname>F<]> directory of the
 installed Perl directory tree (where I<Arch> is F<VMS_VAX> or
-F<VMS_AXP>, followed by the Perl version number, and I<Extname>
-is the name of the extension, with each C<::> translated to C<.>).
+F<VMS_AXP>, and I<Extname> is the name of the extension, with
+each C<::> translated to C<.>).  (See the MakeMaker documentation
+for more details on installation options for extensions.)
 However, it can be manually placed in any of several locations:
-   - the F<[.Lib.Auto.>I<Extname>F<]> subdirectory of one of
-     the directories in C<@INC>, or
+   - the F<[.Lib.Auto.>I<Arch>I<$PVers>I<Extname>F<]> subdirectory
+     of one of the directories in C<@INC> (where I<PVers>
+     is the version of Perl you're using, as supplied in C<$]>,
+     with '.' converted to '_'), or
    - one of the directories in C<@INC>, or
    - a directory which the extensions Perl library module
      passes to the DynaLoader when asking it to map
diff --git a/vms/vms.c b/vms/vms.c
index 9a4b55e445..b6f163f868 100644
--- a/vms/vms.c
+++ b/vms/vms.c
@@ -322,6 +322,7 @@ my_crypt(const char *textpasswd, const char *usrname)
 /*}}}*/
 
 
+static char *do_rmsexpand(char *, char *, int, char *, unsigned);
 static char *do_fileify_dirspec(char *, char *, int);
 static char *do_tovmsspec(char *, char *, int);
 
@@ -353,7 +354,7 @@ do_rmdir(char *name)
 int
 kill_file(char *name)
 {
-    char vmsname[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1];
+    char vmsname[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1], rspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1];
     unsigned long int jpicode = JPI$_UIC, type = ACL$C_FILE;
     unsigned long int cxt = 0, aclsts, fndsts, rmsts = -1;
     struct dsc$descriptor_s fildsc = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, 0};
@@ -374,7 +375,12 @@ kill_file(char *name)
        lcklst[2] = {{sizeof newace, ACL$C_WLOCK_ACL, &newace, 0},{0,0,0,0}},
        ulklst[2] = {{sizeof newace, ACL$C_UNLOCK_ACL, &newace, 0},{0,0,0,0}};
       
-    if (!remove(name)) return 0;   /* Can we just get rid of it? */
+    /* Expand the input spec using RMS, since the CRTL remove() and
+     * system services won't do this by themselves, so we may miss
+     * a file "hiding" behind a logical name or search list. */
+    if (do_tovmsspec(name,vmsname,0) == NULL) return -1;
+    if (do_rmsexpand(vmsname,rspec,1,NULL,0) == NULL) return -1;
+    if (!remove(rspec)) return 0;   /* Can we just get rid of it? */
     /* If not, can changing protections help? */
     if (vaxc$errno != RMS$_PRV) return -1;
 
@@ -383,9 +389,8 @@ kill_file(char *name)
      * to delete the file.
      */
     _ckvmssts(lib$getjpi(&jpicode,0,0,&(oldace.myace$l_ident),0,0));
-    if (do_tovmsspec(name,vmsname,0) == NULL) return -1;
-    fildsc.dsc$w_length = strlen(vmsname);
-    fildsc.dsc$a_pointer = vmsname;
+    fildsc.dsc$w_length = strlen(rspec);
+    fildsc.dsc$a_pointer = rspec;
     cxt = 0;
     newace.myace$l_ident = oldace.myace$l_ident;
     if (!((aclsts = sys$change_acl(0,&type,&fildsc,lcklst,0,0,0)) & 1)) {
@@ -758,6 +763,28 @@ I32 my_pclose(FILE *fp)
       /* get here => no such pipe open */
       croak("No such pipe open");
 
+    /* If we were writing to a subprocess, insure that someone reading from
+     * the mailbox gets an EOF.  It looks like a simple fclose() doesn't
+     * produce an EOF record in the mailbox.  */
+    if (info->mode != 'r') {
+      char devnam[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1], *cp;
+      unsigned long int chan, iosb[2], retsts, retsts2;
+      struct dsc$descriptor devdsc = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, devnam};
+
+      if (fgetname(info->fp,devnam)) {
+        /* It oughta be a mailbox, so fgetname should give just the device
+         * name, but just in case . . . */
+        if ((cp = strrchr(devnam,':')) != NULL) *(cp+1) = '\0';
+        devdsc.dsc$w_length = strlen(devnam);
+        _ckvmssts(sys$assign(&devdsc,&chan,0,0));
+        retsts = sys$qiow(0,chan,IO$_WRITEOF,iosb,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+        if (retsts & 1) retsts = iosb[0];
+        retsts2 = sys$dassgn(chan);  /* Be sure to deassign the channel */
+        if (retsts & 1) retsts = retsts2;
+        _ckvmssts(retsts);
+      }
+      else _ckvmssts(vaxc$errno);  /* Should never happen */
+    }
     PerlIO_close(info->fp);
 
     if (info->done) retsts = info->completion;
@@ -844,6 +871,108 @@ my_gconvert(double val, int ndig, int trail, char *buf)
 }
 /*}}}*/
 
+
+/*{{{char *do_rmsexpand(char *fspec, char *out, int ts, char *def, unsigned opts)*/
+/* Shortcut for common case of simple calls to $PARSE and $SEARCH
+ * to expand file specification.  Allows for a single default file
+ * specification and a simple mask of options.  If outbuf is non-NULL,
+ * it must point to a buffer at least NAM$C_MAXRSS bytes long, into which
+ * the resultant file specification is placed.  If outbuf is NULL, the
+ * resultant file specification is placed into a static buffer.
+ * The third argument, if non-NULL, is taken to be a default file
+ * specification string.  The fourth argument is unused at present.
+ * rmesexpand() returns the address of the resultant string if
+ * successful, and NULL on error.
+ */
+static char *
+do_rmsexpand(char *filespec, char *outbuf, int ts, char *defspec, unsigned opts)
+{
+  static char __rmsexpand_retbuf[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1];
+  char esa[NAM$C_MAXRSS], *cp, *out = NULL;
+  struct FAB myfab = cc$rms_fab;
+  struct NAM mynam = cc$rms_nam;
+  STRLEN speclen;
+  unsigned long int retsts, haslower = 0;
+
+  if (!filespec || !*filespec) {
+    set_vaxc_errno(LIB$_INVARG); set_errno(EINVAL);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  if (!outbuf) {
+    if (ts) out = New(7019,outbuf,NAM$C_MAXRSS+1,char);
+    else    outbuf = __rmsexpand_retbuf;
+  }
+
+  myfab.fab$l_fna = filespec;
+  myfab.fab$b_fns = strlen(filespec);
+  myfab.fab$l_nam = &mynam;
+
+  if (defspec && *defspec) {
+    myfab.fab$l_dna = defspec;
+    myfab.fab$b_dns = strlen(defspec);
+  }
+
+  mynam.nam$l_esa = esa;
+  mynam.nam$b_ess = sizeof esa;
+  mynam.nam$l_rsa = outbuf;
+  mynam.nam$b_rss = NAM$C_MAXRSS;
+
+  retsts = sys$parse(&myfab,0,0);
+  if (!(retsts & 1)) {
+    if (retsts == RMS$_DNF || retsts == RMS$_DIR ||
+        retsts == RMS$_DEV || retsts == RMS$_DEV) {
+      mynam.nam$b_nop |= NAM$M_SYNCHK;
+      retsts = sys$parse(&myfab,0,0);
+      if (retsts & 1) goto expanded;
+    }  
+    if (out) Safefree(out);
+    set_vaxc_errno(retsts);
+    if      (retsts == RMS$_PRV) set_errno(EACCES);
+    else if (retsts == RMS$_DEV) set_errno(ENODEV);
+    else if (retsts == RMS$_DIR) set_errno(ENOTDIR);
+    else                         set_errno(EVMSERR);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  retsts = sys$search(&myfab,0,0);
+  if (!(retsts & 1) && retsts != RMS$_FNF) {
+    if (out) Safefree(out);
+    set_vaxc_errno(retsts);
+    if      (retsts == RMS$_PRV) set_errno(EACCES);
+    else                         set_errno(EVMSERR);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  /* If the input filespec contained any lowercase characters,
+   * downcase the result for compatibility with Unix-minded code. */
+  expanded:
+  for (out = myfab.fab$l_fna; *out; out++)
+    if (islower(*out)) { haslower = 1; break; }
+  if (mynam.nam$b_rsl) { out = outbuf; speclen = mynam.nam$b_rsl; }
+  else                 { out = esa;    speclen = mynam.nam$b_esl; }
+  if (!(mynam.nam$l_fnb & NAM$M_EXP_VER) &&
+      (!defspec || !*defspec || !strchr(myfab.fab$l_dna,';')))
+    speclen = mynam.nam$l_ver - out;
+  /* If we just had a directory spec on input, $PARSE "helpfully"
+   * adds an empty name and type for us */
+  if (mynam.nam$l_name == mynam.nam$l_type &&
+      mynam.nam$l_ver  == mynam.nam$l_type + 1 &&
+      !(mynam.nam$l_fnb & NAM$M_EXP_NAME))
+    speclen = mynam.nam$l_name - out;
+  out[speclen] = '\0';
+  if (haslower) __mystrtolower(out);
+
+  /* Have we been working with an expanded, but not resultant, spec? */
+  if (!mynam.nam$b_rsl) strcpy(outbuf,esa);
+  return outbuf;
+}
+/*}}}*/
+/* External entry points */
+char *rmsexpand(char *spec, char *buf, char *def, unsigned opt)
+{ return do_rmsexpand(spec,buf,0,def,opt); }
+char *rmsexpand_ts(char *spec, char *buf, char *def, unsigned opt)
+{ return do_rmsexpand(spec,buf,1,def,opt); }
+
+
 /*
 ** The following routines are provided to make life easier when
 ** converting among VMS-style and Unix-style directory specifications.
@@ -3258,10 +3387,13 @@ cando_by_name(I32 bit, I32 effective, char *fname)
   }
 
   retsts = sys$check_access(&objtyp,&namdsc,&usrdsc,armlst);
-  if (retsts == SS$_NOPRIV || retsts == SS$_NOSUCHOBJECT ||
-      retsts == RMS$_FNF   || retsts == RMS$_DIR         ||
-      retsts == RMS$_DEV) {
-    set_errno(retsts == SS$_NOPRIV ? EACCES : ENOENT); set_vaxc_errno(retsts);
+  if (retsts == SS$_NOPRIV      || retsts == SS$_NOSUCHOBJECT ||
+      retsts == SS$_INVFILFOROP || retsts == RMS$_FNF    ||
+      retsts == RMS$_DIR        || retsts == RMS$_DEV) {
+    set_vaxc_errno(retsts);
+    if (retsts == SS$_NOPRIV) set_errno(EACCES);
+    else if (retsts == SS$_INVFILFOROP) set_errno(EINVAL);
+    else set_errno(ENOENT);
     return FALSE;
   }
   if (retsts == SS$_NORMAL) {
@@ -3309,10 +3441,8 @@ int
 flex_stat(char *fspec, struct mystat *statbufp)
 {
     char fileified[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1];
-    int retval,myretval;
-    struct mystat tmpbuf;
+    int retval = -1;
 
-    
     if (statbufp == &statcache) do_tovmsspec(fspec,namecache,0);
     if (is_null_device(fspec)) { /* Fake a stat() for the null device */
       memset(statbufp,0,sizeof *statbufp);
@@ -3325,22 +3455,19 @@ flex_stat(char *fspec, struct mystat *statbufp)
       return 0;
     }
 
-    if (do_fileify_dirspec(fspec,fileified,0) == NULL) myretval = -1;
-    else {
-      myretval = stat(fileified,(stat_t *) &tmpbuf);
-    }
-    retval = stat(fspec,(stat_t *) statbufp);
-    if (!myretval) {
-      if (retval == -1) {
-        *statbufp = tmpbuf;
-        retval = 0;
-      }
-      else if (!retval) { /* Dir with same name.  Substitute it. */
-        statbufp->st_mode &= ~S_IFDIR;
-        statbufp->st_mode |= tmpbuf.st_mode & S_IFDIR;
-        strcpy(namecache,fileified);
-      }
+    /* Try for a directory name first.  If fspec contains a filename without
+     * a type (e.g. sea:[dark.dark]water), and both sea:[wine.dark]water.dir
+     * and sea:[wine.dark]water. exist, we prefer the directory here.
+     * Similarly, sea:[wine.dark] returns the result for sea:[wine]dark.dir,
+     * not sea:[wine.dark]., if the latter exists.  If the intended target is
+     * the file with null type, specify this by calling flex_stat() with
+     * a '.' at the end of fspec.
+     */
+    if (do_fileify_dirspec(fspec,fileified,0) != NULL) {
+      retval = stat(fileified,(stat_t *) statbufp);
+      if (!retval && statbufp == &statcache) strcpy(namecache,fileified);
     }
+    if (retval) retval = stat(fspec,(stat_t *) statbufp);
     if (!retval) statbufp->st_dev = encode_dev(statbufp->st_devnam);
     return retval;
 
@@ -3583,71 +3710,17 @@ void
 rmsexpand_fromperl(CV *cv)
 {
   dXSARGS;
-  char esa[NAM$C_MAXRSS], rsa[NAM$C_MAXRSS], *cp, *out;
-  struct FAB myfab = cc$rms_fab;
-  struct NAM mynam = cc$rms_nam;
-  STRLEN speclen;
-  unsigned long int retsts, haslower = 0;
+  char *fspec, *defspec = NULL, *rslt;
 
-  if (items > 2) croak("Usage: VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand(spec[,defspec])");
+  if (!items || items > 2)
+    croak("Usage: VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand(spec[,defspec])");
+  fspec = SvPV(ST(0),na);
+  if (!fspec || !*fspec) XSRETURN_UNDEF;
+  if (items == 2) defspec = SvPV(ST(1),na);
 
-  myfab.fab$l_fna = SvPV(ST(0),speclen);
-  myfab.fab$b_fns = speclen;
-  myfab.fab$l_nam = &mynam;
-
-  if (items == 2) {
-    myfab.fab$l_dna = SvPV(ST(1),speclen);
-    myfab.fab$b_dns = speclen;
-  }
-
-  mynam.nam$l_esa = esa;
-  mynam.nam$b_ess = sizeof esa;
-  mynam.nam$l_rsa = rsa;
-  mynam.nam$b_rss = sizeof rsa;
-
-  retsts = sys$parse(&myfab,0,0);
-  if (!(retsts & 1)) {
-    if (retsts == RMS$_DNF || retsts == RMS$_DIR ||
-        retsts == RMS$_DEV || retsts == RMS$_DEV) {
-      mynam.nam$b_nop |= NAM$M_SYNCHK;
-      retsts = sys$parse(&myfab,0,0);
-      if (retsts & 1) goto expanded;
-    }  
-    set_vaxc_errno(retsts);
-    if      (retsts == RMS$_PRV) set_errno(EACCES);
-    else if (retsts == RMS$_DEV) set_errno(ENODEV);
-    else if (retsts == RMS$_DIR) set_errno(ENOTDIR);
-    else                         set_errno(EVMSERR);
-    XSRETURN_UNDEF;
-  }
-  retsts = sys$search(&myfab,0,0);
-  if (!(retsts & 1) && retsts != RMS$_FNF) {
-    set_vaxc_errno(retsts);
-    if      (retsts == RMS$_PRV) set_errno(EACCES);
-    else                         set_errno(EVMSERR);
-    XSRETURN_UNDEF;
-  }
-
-  /* If the input filespec contained any lowercase characters,
-   * downcase the result for compatibility with Unix-minded code. */
-  expanded:
-  for (out = myfab.fab$l_fna; *out; out++)
-    if (islower(*out)) { haslower = 1; break; }
-  if (mynam.nam$b_rsl) { out = rsa; speclen = mynam.nam$b_rsl; }
-  else                 { out = esa; speclen = mynam.nam$b_esl; }
-  if (!(mynam.nam$l_fnb & NAM$M_EXP_VER) &&
-      (items == 1 || !strchr(myfab.fab$l_dna,';')))
-    speclen = mynam.nam$l_ver - out;
-  /* If we just had a directory spec on input, $PARSE "helpfully"
-   * adds an empty name and type for us */
-  if (mynam.nam$l_name == mynam.nam$l_type &&
-      mynam.nam$l_ver  == mynam.nam$l_type + 1 &&
-      !(mynam.nam$l_fnb & NAM$M_EXP_NAME))
-    speclen = mynam.nam$l_name - out;
-  out[speclen] = '\0';
-  if (haslower) __mystrtolower(out);
-
-  ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSVpv(out, speclen));
+  rslt = do_rmsexpand(fspec,NULL,1,defspec,0);
+  ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+  if (rslt != NULL) sv_usepvn(ST(0),rslt,strlen(rslt));
   XSRETURN(1);
 }
 
diff --git a/vms/vmsish.h b/vms/vmsish.h
index a362374e1c..a7f4e8980a 100644
--- a/vms/vmsish.h
+++ b/vms/vmsish.h
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
 #include <unixio.h>
 #include <unixlib.h>
 #include <file.h>  /* it's not <sys/file.h>, so don't use I_SYS_FILE */
+#ifdef __DECC
+#  include <unistd.h> /* DECC has this; VAXC and gcc don't */
+#endif
 
 /* Our own contribution to PerlShr's global symbols . . . */
 #ifdef EMBED
@@ -64,6 +67,8 @@
 #  define do_rmdir		Perl_do_rmdir
 #  define kill_file		Perl_kill_file
 #  define my_utime		Perl_my_utime
+#  define rmsexpand	Perl_rmsexpand
+#  define rmsexpand_ts	Perl_rmsexpand_ts
 #  define fileify_dirspec	Perl_fileify_dirspec
 #  define fileify_dirspec_ts	Perl_fileify_dirspec_ts
 #  define pathify_dirspec	Perl_pathify_dirspec
@@ -413,6 +418,8 @@ char *	my_gconvert _((double, int, int, char *));
 int	do_rmdir _((char *));
 int	kill_file _((char *));
 int	my_utime _((char *, struct utimbuf *));
+char *	rmsexpand _((char *, char *, char *, unsigned));
+char *	rmsexpand_ts _((char *, char *, char *, unsigned));
 char *	fileify_dirspec _((char *, char *));
 char *	fileify_dirspec_ts _((char *, char *));
 char *	pathify_dirspec _((char *, char *));