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Diffstat (limited to 'lib/Pod/Man.pm')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/Pod/Man.pm | 1185 |
1 files changed, 1185 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/lib/Pod/Man.pm b/lib/Pod/Man.pm new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7a1c69f5a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/Pod/Man.pm @@ -0,0 +1,1185 @@ +# Pod::Man -- Convert POD data to formatted *roff input. +# $Id: Man.pm,v 0.5 1999/09/25 19:49:49 eagle Exp $ +# +# Copyright 1999 by Russ Allbery <rra@stanford.edu> +# +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it +# under the same terms as Perl itself. +# +# This module is intended to be a replacement for pod2man, and attempts to +# match its output except for some specific circumstances where other +# decisions seemed to produce better output. It uses Pod::Parser and is +# designed to be very easy to subclass. + +############################################################################ +# Modules and declarations +############################################################################ + +package Pod::Man; + +require 5.004; + +use Carp qw(carp croak); +use Pod::Parser (); + +use strict; +use subs qw(makespace); +use vars qw(@ISA %ESCAPES $PREAMBLE $VERSION); + +@ISA = qw(Pod::Parser); + +($VERSION = (split (' ', q$Revision: 0.5 $ ))[1]) =~ s/\.(\d)$/.0$1/; + + +############################################################################ +# Preamble and *roff output tables +############################################################################ + +# The following is the static preamble which starts all *roff output we +# generate. It's completely static except for the font to use as a +# fixed-width font, which is designed by @CFONT@. $PREAMBLE should +# therefore be run through s/\@CFONT\@/<font>/g before output. +$PREAMBLE = <<'----END OF PREAMBLE----'; +.de Sh \" Subsection heading +.br +.if t .Sp +.ne 5 +.PP +\fB\\$1\fR +.PP +.. +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Ip \" List item +.br +.ie \\n(.$>=3 .ne \\$3 +.el .ne 3 +.IP "\\$1" \\$2 +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft @CFONT@ +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R + +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. | will give a +.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used +.\" to do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \*(C` and +.\" \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<> +.tr \(*W-|\(bv\*(Tr +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` ` +. ds C' ' +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +'br\} +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr +.\" for titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and +.\" index entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process +.\" the output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.if \nF \{\ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +. . +. nr % 0 +. rr F +.\} +.\" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it +.\" makes way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.hy 0 +.if n .na +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +.bd B 3 +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +----END OF PREAMBLE---- + +# This table is taken nearly verbatim from Tom Christiansen's pod2man. It +# assumes that the standard preamble has already been printed, since that's +# what defines all of the accent marks. Note that some of these are quoted +# with double quotes since they contain embedded single quotes, so use \\ +# uniformly for backslash for readability. +%ESCAPES = ( + 'amp' => '&', # ampersand + 'lt' => '<', # left chevron, less-than + 'gt' => '>', # right chevron, greater-than + 'quot' => '"', # double quote + + 'Aacute' => "A\\*'", # capital A, acute accent + 'aacute' => "a\\*'", # small a, acute accent + 'Acirc' => 'A\\*^', # capital A, circumflex accent + 'acirc' => 'a\\*^', # small a, circumflex accent + 'AElig' => '\*(AE', # capital AE diphthong (ligature) + 'aelig' => '\*(ae', # small ae diphthong (ligature) + 'Agrave' => "A\\*`", # capital A, grave accent + 'agrave' => "A\\*`", # small a, grave accent + 'Aring' => 'A\\*o', # capital A, ring + 'aring' => 'a\\*o', # small a, ring + 'Atilde' => 'A\\*~', # capital A, tilde + 'atilde' => 'a\\*~', # small a, tilde + 'Auml' => 'A\\*:', # capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'auml' => 'a\\*:', # small a, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'Ccedil' => 'C\\*,', # capital C, cedilla + 'ccedil' => 'c\\*,', # small c, cedilla + 'Eacute' => "E\\*'", # capital E, acute accent + 'eacute' => "e\\*'", # small e, acute accent + 'Ecirc' => 'E\\*^', # capital E, circumflex accent + 'ecirc' => 'e\\*^', # small e, circumflex accent + 'Egrave' => 'E\\*`', # capital E, grave accent + 'egrave' => 'e\\*`', # small e, grave accent + 'ETH' => '\\*(D-', # capital Eth, Icelandic + 'eth' => '\\*(d-', # small eth, Icelandic + 'Euml' => 'E\\*:', # capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'euml' => 'e\\*:', # small e, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'Iacute' => "I\\*'", # capital I, acute accent + 'iacute' => "i\\*'", # small i, acute accent + 'Icirc' => 'I\\*^', # capital I, circumflex accent + 'icirc' => 'i\\*^', # small i, circumflex accent + 'Igrave' => 'I\\*`', # capital I, grave accent + 'igrave' => 'i\\*`', # small i, grave accent + 'Iuml' => 'I\\*:', # capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'iuml' => 'i\\*:', # small i, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'Ntilde' => 'N\*~', # capital N, tilde + 'ntilde' => 'n\*~', # small n, tilde + 'Oacute' => "O\\*'", # capital O, acute accent + 'oacute' => "o\\*'", # small o, acute accent + 'Ocirc' => 'O\\*^', # capital O, circumflex accent + 'ocirc' => 'o\\*^', # small o, circumflex accent + 'Ograve' => 'O\\*`', # capital O, grave accent + 'ograve' => 'o\\*`', # small o, grave accent + 'Oslash' => 'O\\*/', # capital O, slash + 'oslash' => 'o\\*/', # small o, slash + 'Otilde' => 'O\\*~', # capital O, tilde + 'otilde' => 'o\\*~', # small o, tilde + 'Ouml' => 'O\\*:', # capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'ouml' => 'o\\*:', # small o, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'szlig' => '\*8', # small sharp s, German (sz ligature) + 'THORN' => '\\*(Th', # capital THORN, Icelandic + 'thorn' => '\\*(th', # small thorn, Icelandic + 'Uacute' => "U\\*'", # capital U, acute accent + 'uacute' => "u\\*'", # small u, acute accent + 'Ucirc' => 'U\\*^', # capital U, circumflex accent + 'ucirc' => 'u\\*^', # small u, circumflex accent + 'Ugrave' => 'U\\*`', # capital U, grave accent + 'ugrave' => 'u\\*`', # small u, grave accent + 'Uuml' => 'U\\*:', # capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'uuml' => 'u\\*:', # small u, dieresis or umlaut mark + 'Yacute' => "Y\\*'", # capital Y, acute accent + 'yacute' => "y\\*'", # small y, acute accent + 'yuml' => 'y\\*:', # small y, dieresis or umlaut mark +); + + +############################################################################ +# Static helper functions +############################################################################ + +# Protect leading quotes and periods against interpretation as commands. +sub protect { local $_ = shift; s/^([.\'])/\\&$1/mg; $_ } + +# Given a command and a single argument that may or may not contain double +# quotes, handle double-quote formatting for it. If there are no double +# quotes, just return the command followed by the argument in double quotes. +# If there are double quotes, use an if statement to test for nroff, and for +# nroff output the command followed by the argument in double quotes with +# embedded double quotes doubled. For other formatters, remap paired double +# quotes to `` and ''. +sub switchquotes { + my $command = shift; + local $_ = shift; + my $extra = shift; + s/\\\*\([LR]\"/\"/g; + if (/\"/) { + s/\"/\"\"/g; + my $troff = $_; + $troff =~ s/\"\"([^\"]*)\"\"/\`\`$1\'\'/g; + s/\"/\"\"/g if $extra; + $troff =~ s/\"/\"\"/g if $extra; + $_ = qq("$_") . ($extra ? " $extra" : ''); + $troff = qq("$troff") . ($extra ? " $extra" : ''); + return ".if n $command $_\n.el $command $troff\n"; + } else { + $_ = qq("$_") . ($extra ? " $extra" : ''); + return "$command $_\n"; + } +} + +# Translate a font string into an escape. +sub toescape { (length ($_[0]) > 1 ? '\f(' : '\f') . $_[0] } + + +############################################################################ +# Initialization +############################################################################ + +# Initialize the object. Here, we also process any additional options +# passed to the constructor or set up defaults if none were given. center +# is the centered title, release is the version number, and date is the date +# for the documentation. Note that we can't know what file name we're +# processing due to the architecture of Pod::Parser, so that *has* to either +# be passed to the constructor or set separately with Pod::Man::name(). +sub initialize { + my $self = shift; + + # Figure out the fixed-width font. If user-supplied, make sure that + # they are the right length. + for (qw/fixed fixedbold fixeditalic fixedbolditalic/) { + if (defined $$self{$_}) { + if (length ($$self{$_}) < 1 || length ($$self{$_}) > 2) { + croak "roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `$$self{$_}'"; + } + } else { + $$self{$_} = ''; + } + } + + # Set the default fonts. We can't be sure what fixed bold-italic is + # going to be called, so default to just bold. + $$self{fixed} ||= 'CW'; + $$self{fixedbold} ||= 'CB'; + $$self{fixeditalic} ||= 'CI'; + $$self{fixedbolditalic} ||= 'CB'; + + # Set up a table of font escapes. First number is fixed-width, second + # is bold, third is italic. + $$self{FONTS} = { '000' => '\fR', '001' => '\fI', + '010' => '\fB', '011' => '\f(BI', + '100' => toescape ($$self{fixed}), + '101' => toescape ($$self{fixeditalic}), + '110' => toescape ($$self{fixedbold}), + '111' => toescape ($$self{fixedbolditalic})}; + + # Extra stuff for page titles. + $$self{center} = 'User Contributed Perl Documentation' + unless defined $$self{center}; + $$self{indent} = 4 unless defined $$self{indent}; + + # We used to try first to get the version number from a local binary, + # but we shouldn't need that any more. Get the version from the running + # Perl. + if (!defined $$self{release}) { + my ($version, $patch) = ($] =~ /^(.{5})(\d{2})?/); + $$self{release} = "perl $version"; + $$self{release} .= ", patch $patch" if $patch; + } + + # Double quotes in things that will be quoted. + for (qw/center date release/) { $$self{$_} =~ s/\"/\"\"/g } + + $$self{INDENT} = 0; # Current indentation level. + $$self{INDENTS} = []; # Stack of indentations. + $$self{INDEX} = []; # Index keys waiting to be printed. + + $self->SUPER::initialize; +} + +# For each document we process, output the preamble first. Note that the +# fixed width font is a global default; once we interpolate it into the +# PREAMBLE, it ain't ever changing. Maybe fix this later. +sub begin_pod { + my $self = shift; + + # Try to figure out the name and section from the file name. + my $section = $$self{section} || 1; + my $name = $$self{name}; + if (!defined $name) { + $name = $self->input_file; + $section = 3 if (!$$self{section} && $name =~ /\.pm$/i); + $name =~ s/\.p(od|[lm])$//i; + if ($section =~ /^1/) { + require File::Basename; + $name = uc File::Basename::basename ($name); + } else { + # Lose everything up to the first of + # */lib/*perl* standard or site_perl module + # */*perl*/lib from -D prefix=/opt/perl + # */*perl*/ random module hierarchy + # which works. Should be fixed to use File::Spec. + for ($name) { + s%//+%/%g; + if ( s%^.*?/lib/[^/]*perl[^/]*/%%i + or s%^.*?/[^/]*perl[^/]*/(?:lib/)?%%i) { + s%^site(_perl)?/%%; # site and site_perl + s%^(.*-$^O|$^O-.*)/%%o; # arch + s%^\d+\.\d+%%; # version + } + s%/%::%g; + } + } + } + + # Modification date header. Try to use the modification time of our + # input. + if (!defined $$self{date}) { + my $time = (stat $self->input_file)[9] || time; + my ($day, $month, $year) = (localtime $time)[3,4,5]; + $month++; + $year += 1900; + $$self{date} = join ('-', $year, $month, $day); + } + + # Now, print out the preamble and the title. + $PREAMBLE =~ s/\@CFONT\@/$$self{fixed}/; + chomp $PREAMBLE; + print { $self->output_handle } <<"----END OF HEADER----"; +.\\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man version $VERSION +.\\" @{[ scalar localtime ]} +.\\" +.\\" Standard preamble: +.\\" ====================================================================== +$PREAMBLE +.\\" ====================================================================== +.\\" +.IX Title "$name $section" +.TH $name $section "$$self{release}" "$$self{date}" "$$self{center}" +.UC +----END OF HEADER---- +#"# for cperl-mode + + # Initialize a few per-file variables. + $$self{INDENT} = 0; + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 0; +} + + +############################################################################ +# Core overrides +############################################################################ + +# Called for each command paragraph. Gets the command, the associated +# paragraph, the line number, and a Pod::Paragraph object. Just dispatches +# the command to a method named the same as the command. =cut is handled +# internally by Pod::Parser. +sub command { + my $self = shift; + my $command = shift; + return if $command eq 'pod'; + return if ($$self{EXCLUDE} && $command ne 'end'); + $command = 'cmd_' . $command; + $self->$command (@_); +} + +# Called for a verbatim paragraph. Gets the paragraph, the line number, and +# a Pod::Paragraph object. Rofficate backslashes, untabify, put a +# zero-width character at the beginning of each line to protect against +# commands, and wrap in .Vb/.Ve. +sub verbatim { + my $self = shift; + return if $$self{EXCLUDE}; + local $_ = shift; + return if /^\s+$/; + s/\s+$/\n/; + my $lines = tr/\n/\n/; + 1 while s/^(.*?)(\t+)/$1 . ' ' x (length ($2) * 8 - length ($1) % 8)/me; + s/\\/\\e/g; + s/^(\s*\S)/'\&' . $1/gme; + $self->makespace if $$self{NEEDSPACE}; + $self->output (".Vb $lines\n$_.Ve\n"); + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 0; +} + +# Called for a regular text block. Gets the paragraph, the line number, and +# a Pod::Paragraph object. Perform interpolation and output the results. +sub textblock { + my $self = shift; + return if $$self{EXCLUDE}; + $self->output ($_[0]), return if $$self{VERBATIM}; + + # Perform a little magic to collapse multiple L<> references. We'll + # just rewrite the whole thing into actual text at this part, bypassing + # the whole internal sequence parsing thing. + s{ + (L< # A link of the form L</something>. + / + ( + [:\w]+ # The item has to be a simple word... + (\(\))? # ...or simple function. + ) + > + ( + ,?\s+(and\s+)? # Allow lots of them, conjuncted. + L< + / + ( [:\w]+ ( \(\) )? ) + > + )+ + ) + } { + local $_ = $1; + s{ L< / ([^>]+ ) } {$1}g; + my @items = split /(?:,?\s+(?:and\s+)?)/; + my $string = "the "; + my $i; + for ($i = 0; $i < @items; $i++) { + $string .= $items[$i]; + $string .= ", " if @items > 2 && $i != $#items; + $string .= " and " if ($i == $#items - 1); + } + $string .= " entries elsewhere in this document"; + $string; + }gex; + + # Parse the tree and output it. collapse knows about references to + # scalars as well as scalars and does the right thing with them. + local $_ = $self->parse (@_); + s/\n\s*$/\n/; + $self->makespace if $$self{NEEDSPACE}; + $self->output (protect $self->mapfonts ($_)); + $self->outindex; + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 1; +} + +# Called for an interior sequence. Takes a Pod::InteriorSequence object and +# returns a reference to a scalar. This scalar is the final formatted text. +# It's returned as a reference so that other interior sequences above us +# know that the text has already been processed. +sub sequence { + my ($self, $seq) = @_; + my $command = $seq->cmd_name; + + # Zero-width characters. + if ($command eq 'Z') { return bless \ '\&', 'Pod::Man::String' } + + # C<>, L<>, X<>, and E<> don't apply guesswork to their contents. + local $_ = $self->collapse ($seq->parse_tree, $command =~ /^[CELX]$/); + + # Handle E<> escapes. + if ($command eq 'E') { + if (exists $ESCAPES{$_}) { + return bless \ "$ESCAPES{$_}", 'Pod::Man::String'; + } else { + carp "Unknown escape E<$1>"; + return bless \ "E<$_>", 'Pod::Man::String'; + } + } + + # For all the other sequences, empty content produces no output. + return '' if $_ eq ''; + + # Handle formatting sequences. + if ($command eq 'B') { + return bless \ ('\f(BS' . $_ . '\f(BE'), 'Pod::Man::String'; + } elsif ($command eq 'F') { + return bless \ ('\f(IS' . $_ . '\f(IE'), 'Pod::Man::String'; + } elsif ($command eq 'I') { + return bless \ ('\f(IS' . $_ . '\f(IE'), 'Pod::Man::String'; + } elsif ($command eq 'C') { + s/-/\\-/g; + s/__/_\\|_/g; + return bless \ ('\f(FS\*(C`' . $_ . "\\*(C'\\f(FE"), + 'Pod::Man::String'; + } + + # Handle links. + if ($command eq 'L') { + return bless \ ($self->buildlink ($_)), 'Pod::Man::String'; + } + + # Whitespace protection replaces whitespace with "\ ". + if ($command eq 'S') { + s/\s+/\\ /g; + return bless \ "$_", 'Pod::Man::String'; + } + + # Add an index entry to the list of ones waiting to be output. + if ($command eq 'X') { push (@{ $$self{INDEX} }, $_); return '' } + + # Anything else is unknown. + carp "Unknown sequence $command<$_>"; +} + + +############################################################################ +# Command paragraphs +############################################################################ + +# All command paragraphs take the paragraph and the line number. + +# First level heading. We can't output .IX in the NAME section due to a bug +# in some versions of catman, so don't output a .IX for that section. .SH +# already uses small caps, so remove any E<> sequences that would cause +# them. +sub cmd_head1 { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = $self->parse (@_); + s/\s+$//; + s/\\s-?\d//g; + $self->output (switchquotes ('.SH', $self->mapfonts ($_))); + $self->outindex (($_ eq 'NAME') ? () : ('Header', $_)); + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 0; +} + +# Second level heading. +sub cmd_head2 { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = $self->parse (@_); + s/\s+$//; + $self->output (switchquotes ('.Sh', $self->mapfonts ($_))); + $self->outindex ('Subsection', $_); + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 0; +} + +# Start a list. For indents after the first, wrap the outside indent in .RS +# so that hanging paragraph tags will be correct. +sub cmd_over { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = shift; + unless (/^[-+]?\d+\s+$/) { $_ = $$self{indent} } + if (@{ $$self{INDENTS} } > 0) { + $self->output (".RS $$self{INDENT}\n"); + } + push (@{ $$self{INDENTS} }, $$self{INDENT}); + $$self{INDENT} = ($_ + 0); +} + +# End a list. If we've closed an embedded indent, we've mangled the hanging +# paragraph indent, so temporarily replace it with .RS and set WEIRDINDENT. +# We'll close that .RS at the next =back or =item. +sub cmd_back { + my $self = shift; + $$self{INDENT} = pop @{ $$self{INDENTS} }; + unless (defined $$self{INDENT}) { + carp "Unmatched =back"; + $$self{INDENT} = 0; + } + if ($$self{WEIRDINDENT}) { + $self->output (".RE\n"); + $$self{WEIRDINDENT} = 0; + } + if (@{ $$self{INDENTS} } > 0) { + $self->output (".RE\n"); + $self->output (".RS $$self{INDENT}\n"); + $$self{WEIRDINDENT} = 1; + } + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 1; +} + +# An individual list item. Emit an index entry for anything that's +# interesting, but don't emit index entries for things like bullets and +# numbers. rofficate bullets too while we're at it (so for nice output, use +# * for your lists rather than o or . or - or some other thing). +sub cmd_item { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = $self->parse (@_); + s/\s+$//; + my $index; + if (/\w/ && !/^\w[.\)]\s*$/) { + $index = $_; + $index =~ s/^\s*[-*+o.]?\s*//; + } + s/^\*(\s|\Z)/\\\(bu$1/; + if ($$self{WEIRDINDENT}) { + $self->output (".RE\n"); + $$self{WEIRDINDENT} = 0; + } + $_ = $self->mapfonts ($_); + $self->output (switchquotes ('.Ip', $_, $$self{INDENT})); + $self->outindex ($index ? ('Item', $index) : ()); + $$self{NEEDSPACE} = 0; +} + +# Begin a block for a particular translator. Setting VERBATIM triggers +# special handling in textblock(). +sub cmd_begin { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = shift; + my ($kind) = /^(\S+)/ or return; + if ($kind eq 'man' || $kind eq 'roff') { + $$self{VERBATIM} = 1; + } else { + $$self{EXCLUDE} = 1; + } +} + +# End a block for a particular translator. We assume that all =begin/=end +# pairs are properly closed. +sub cmd_end { + my $self = shift; + $$self{EXCLUDE} = 0; + $$self{VERBATIM} = 0; +} + +# One paragraph for a particular translator. Ignore it unless it's intended +# for man or roff, in which case we output it verbatim. +sub cmd_for { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = shift; + my $line = shift; + return unless s/^(?:man|roff)\b[ \t]*\n?//; + $self->output ($_); +} + + +############################################################################ +# Link handling +############################################################################ + +# Handle links. We can't actually make real hyperlinks, so this is all to +# figure out what text and formatting we print out. +sub buildlink { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = shift; + + # Smash whitespace in case we were split across multiple lines. + s/\s+/ /g; + + # If we were given any explicit text, just output it. + if (m{ ^ ([^|]+) \| }x) { return $1 } + + # Okay, leading and trailing whitespace isn't important. + s/^\s+//; + s/\s+$//; + + # Default to using the whole content of the link entry as a section + # name. Note that L<manpage/> forces a manpage interpretation, as does + # something looking like L<manpage(section)>. Do the same thing to + # L<manpage(section)> as we would to manpage(section) without the L<>; + # see guesswork(). If we've added italics, don't add the "manpage" + # text; markup is sufficient. + my ($manpage, $section) = ('', $_); + if (/^"\s*(.*?)\s*"$/) { + $section = '"' . $1 . '"'; + } elsif (m{ ^ [-:.\w]+ (?: \( \S+ \) )? $ }x) { + ($manpage, $section) = ($_, ''); + $manpage =~ s/^([^\(]+)\(/'\f(IS' . $1 . '\f(IE\|('/e; + } elsif (m%/%) { + ($manpage, $section) = split (/\s*\/\s*/, $_, 2); + if ($manpage =~ /^[-:.\w]+(?:\(\S+\))?$/) { + $manpage =~ s/^([^\(]+)\(/'\f(IS' . $1 . '\f(IE\|'/e; + } + $section =~ s/^\"\s*//; + $section =~ s/\s*\"$//; + } + if ($manpage && $manpage !~ /\\f\(IS/) { + $manpage = "the $manpage manpage"; + } + + # Now build the actual output text. + my $text = ''; + if (!length ($section) && !length ($manpage)) { + carp "Invalid link $_"; + } elsif (!length ($section)) { + $text = $manpage; + } elsif ($section =~ /^[:\w]+(?:\(\))?/) { + $text .= 'the ' . $section . ' entry'; + $text .= (length $manpage) ? " in $manpage" + : " elsewhere in this document"; + } else { + $text .= 'the section on "' . $section . '"'; + $text .= " in $manpage" if length $manpage; + } + $text; +} + + +############################################################################ +# Escaping and fontification +############################################################################ + +# At this point, we'll have embedded font codes of the form \f(<font>[SE] +# where <font> is one of B, I, or F. Turn those into the right font start +# or end codes. B<someI<thing> else> should map to \fBsome\f(BIthing\fB +# else\fR. The old pod2man didn't get this right; the second \fB was \fR, +# so nested sequences didn't work right. We take care of this by using +# variables as a combined pointer to our current font sequence, and set each +# to the number of current nestings of start tags for that font. Use them +# as a vector to look up what font sequence to use. +sub mapfonts { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = shift; + + my ($fixed, $bold, $italic) = (0, 0, 0); + my %magic = (F => \$fixed, B => \$bold, I => \$italic); + s { \\f\((.)(.) } { + ${ $magic{$1} } += ($2 eq 'S') ? 1 : -1; + $$self{FONTS}{($fixed && 1) . ($bold && 1) . ($italic && 1)}; + }gxe; + $_; +} + + +############################################################################ +# *roff-specific parsing +############################################################################ + +# Called instead of parse_text, calls parse_text with the right flags. +sub parse { + my $self = shift; + $self->parse_text ({ -expand_seq => 'sequence', + -expand_ptree => 'collapse' }, @_); +} + +# Takes a parse tree and a flag saying whether or not to treat it as literal +# text (not call guesswork on it), and returns the concatenation of all of +# the text strings in that parse tree. If the literal flag isn't true, +# guesswork() will be called on all plain scalars in the parse tree. +# Assumes that everything in the parse tree is either a scalar or a +# reference to a scalar. +sub collapse { + my ($self, $ptree, $literal) = @_; + if ($literal) { + return join ('', map { + if (ref $_) { + $$_; + } else { + s/\\/\\e/g; + $_; + } + } $ptree->children); + } else { + return join ('', map { + ref ($_) ? $$_ : $self->guesswork ($_) + } $ptree->children); + } +} + +# Takes a text block to perform guesswork on; this is guaranteed not to +# contain any interior sequences. Returns the text block with remapping +# done. +sub guesswork { + my $self = shift; + local $_ = shift; + + # rofficate backslashes. + s/\\/\\e/g; + + # Ensure double underbars have a tiny space between them. + s/__/_\\|_/g; + + # Make all caps a little smaller. Be careful here, since we don't want + # to make @ARGV into small caps, nor do we want to fix the MIME in + # MIME-Version, since it looks weird with the full-height V. + s{ + ( ^ | [\s\(\"\'\`\[\{<>] ) + ( [A-Z] [A-Z] [/A-Z+:\d_\$&-]* ) + (?: (?= [\s>\}\]\)\'\".?!,;:] | -- ) | $ ) + } { $1 . '\s-1' . $2 . '\s0' . $3 }egx; + + # Turn PI into a pretty pi. + s{ (?: \\s-1 | \b ) PI (?: \\s0 | \b ) } {\\*\(PI}gx; + + # Italize functions in the form func(). + s{ + \b + ( + [:\w]+ (?:\\s-1)? \(\) + ) + } { '\f(IS' . $1 . '\f(IE' }egx; + + # func(n) is a reference to a manual page. Make it \fIfunc\fR\|(n). + s{ + \b + (\w[-:.\w]+ (?:\\s-1)?) + ( + \( [^\)] \) + ) + } { '\f(IS' . $1 . '\f(IE\|' . $2 }egx; + + # Convert simple Perl variable references to a fixed-width font. + s{ + ( \s+ ) + ( [\$\@%] [\w:]+ ) + (?! \( ) + } { $1 . '\f(FS' . $2 . '\f(FE'}egx; + + # Translate -- into a real em dash if it's used like one and fix up + # dashes, but keep hyphens hyphens. + s{ (\G|^|.) (-+) (\b|.) } { + my ($pre, $dash, $post) = ($1, $2, $3); + if (length ($dash) == 1) { + ($pre =~ /[a-zA-Z]/) ? "$pre-$post" : "$pre\\-$post"; + } elsif (length ($dash) == 2 + && ((!$pre && !$post) + || ($pre =~ /\w/ && !$post) + || ($pre eq ' ' && $post eq ' ') + || ($pre eq '=' && $post ne '=') + || ($pre ne '=' && $post eq '='))) { + "$pre\\*(--$post"; + } else { + $pre . ('\-' x length $dash) . $post; + } + }egxs; + + # Fix up double quotes. + s{ \" ([^\"]+) \" } { '\*(L"' . $1 . '\*(R"' }egx; + + # Make C++ into \*(C+, which is a squinched version. + s{ \b C\+\+ } {\\*\(C+}gx; + + # All done. + $_; +} + + +############################################################################ +# Output formatting +############################################################################ + +# Make vertical whitespace. +sub makespace { + my $self = shift; + $self->output ($$self{INDENT} > 0 ? ".Sp\n" : ".PP\n"); +} + +# Output any pending index entries, and optionally an index entry given as +# an argument. Support multiple index entries in X<> separated by slashes, +# and strip special escapes from index entries. +sub outindex { + my ($self, $section, $index) = @_; + my @entries = map { split m%\s*/\s*% } @{ $$self{INDEX} }; + return unless ($section || @entries); + $$self{INDEX} = []; + my $output; + if (@entries) { + my $output = '.IX Xref "' + . join (' ', map { s/\"/\"\"/; $_ } @entries) + . '"' . "\n"; + } + if ($section) { + $index =~ s/\"/\"\"/; + $index =~ s/\\-/-/g; + $index =~ s/\\(?:s-?\d|.\(..|.)//g; + $output .= ".IX $section " . '"' . $index . '"' . "\n"; + } + $self->output ($output); +} + +# Output text to the output device. +sub output { print { $_[0]->output_handle } $_[1] } + +__END__ + +.\" These are some extra bits of roff that I don't want to lose track of +.\" but that have been removed from the preamble to make it a bit shorter +.\" since they're not currently being used. They're accents and special +.\" characters we don't currently have escapes for. +.if n \{\ +. ds ? ? +. ds ! ! +. ds q +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ? \s-2c\h'-\w'c'u*7/10'\u\h'\*(#H'\zi\d\s+2\h'\w'c'u*8/10' +. ds ! \s-2\(or\s+2\h'-\w'\(or'u'\v'-.8m'.\v'.8m' +. ds q o\h'-\w'o'u*8/10'\s-4\v'.4m'\z\(*i\v'-.4m'\s+4\h'\w'o'u*8/10' +.\} +.ds v \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\v'-\*(#V'\*(#[\s-4v\s0\v'\*(#V'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds _ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H+(\*(#F*2/3))'\v'-.4m'\z\(hy\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds . \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)'\v'\*(#V*4/10'\z.\v'-\*(#V*4/10'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds 3 \*(#[\v'.2m'\s-2\&3\s0\v'-.2m'\*(#] +.ds oe o\h'-(\w'o'u*4/10)'e +.ds Oe O\h'-(\w'O'u*4/10)'E +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds v \h'-1'\o'\(aa\(ga' +. ds _ \h'-1'^ +. ds . \h'-1'. +. ds 3 3 +. ds oe oe +. ds Oe OE +.\} + +############################################################################ +# Documentation +############################################################################ + +=head1 NAME + +Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input + +=head1 SYNOPSIS + + use Pod::Man; + my $parser = Pod::Man->new (release => $VERSION, section => 8); + + # Read POD from STDIN and write to STDOUT. + $parser->parse_from_filehandle; + + # Read POD from file.pod and write to file.1. + $parser->parse_from_file ('file.pod', 'file.1'); + +=head1 DESCRIPTION + +Pod::Man is a module to convert documentation in the POD format (the +preferred language for documenting Perl) into *roff input using the man +macro set. The resulting *roff code is suitable for display on a terminal +using nroff(1), normally via man(1), or printing using troff(1). It is +conventionally invoked using the driver script B<pod2roff>, but it can also +be used directly. + +As a derived class from Pod::Parser, Pod::Man supports the same methods and +interfaces. See L<Pod::Parser> for all the details; briefly, one creates a +new parser with C<Pod::Man-E<gt>new()> and then calls either +parse_from_filehandle() or parse_from_file(). + +new() can take options, in the form of key/value pairs that control the +behavior of the parser. See below for details. + +If no options are given, Pod::Man uses the name of the input file with any +trailing C<.pod>, C<.pm>, or C<.pl> stripped as the man page title, to +section 1 unless the file ended in C<.pm> in which case it defaults to +section 3, to a centered title of "User Contributed Perl Documentation", to +a centered footer of the Perl version it is run with, and to a left-hand +footer of the modification date of its input (or the current date if given +STDIN for input). + +Pod::Man assumes that your *roff formatters have a fixed-width font named +CW. If yours is called something else (like CR), use the C<fixed> option to +specify it. This generally only matters for troff output for printing. +Similarly, you can set the fonts used for bold, italic, and bold italic +fixed-width output. + +Besides the obvious pod conversions, Pod::Man also takes care of formatting +func(), func(n), and simple variable references like $foo or @bar so you +don't have to use code escapes for them; complex expressions like +C<$fred{'stuff'}> will still need to be escaped, though. It also translates +dashes that aren't used as hyphens into en dashes, makes long dashes--like +this--into proper em dashes, fixes "paired quotes," makes C++ and PI look +right, puts a little space between double underbars, makes ALLCAPS a teeny +bit smaller in troff(1), and escapes stuff that *roff treats as special so +that you don't have to. + +The recognized options to new() are as follows. All options take a single +argument. + +=over 4 + +=item center + +Sets the centered page header to use instead of "User Contributed Perl +Documentation". + +=item date + +Sets the left-hand footer. By default, the modification date of the input +file will be used, or the current date if stat() can't find that file (the +case if the input is from STDIN), and the date will be formatted as +YYYY-MM-DD. + +=item fixed + +The fixed-width font to use for vertabim text and code. Defaults to CW. +Some systems may want CR instead. Only matters for troff(1) output. + +=item fixedbold + +Bold version of the fixed-width font. Defaults to CB. Only matters for +troff(1) output. + +=item fixeditalic + +Italic version of the fixed-width font (actually, something of a misnomer, +since most fixed-width fonts only have an oblique version, not an italic +version). Defaults to CI. Only matters for troff(1) output. + +=item fixedbolditalic + +Bold italic (probably actually oblique) version of the fixed-width font. +Pod::Man doesn't assume you have this, and defaults to CB. Some systems +(such as Solaris) have this font available as CX. Only matters for troff(1) +output. + +=item release + +Set the centered footer. By default, this is the version of Perl you run +Pod::Man under. Note that some system an macro sets assume that the +centered footer will be a modification date and will prepend something like +"Last modified: "; if this is the case, you may want to set C<release> to +the last modified date and C<date> to the version number. + +=item section + +Set the section for the C<.TH> macro. The standard section numbering +convention is to use 1 for user commands, 2 for system calls, 3 for +functions, 4 for devices, 5 for file formats, 6 for games, 7 for +miscellaneous information, and 8 for administrator commands. There is a lot +of variation here, however; some systems (like Solaris) use 4 for file +formats, 5 for miscellaneous information, and 7 for devices. Still others +use 1m instead of 8, or some mix of both. About the only section numbers +that are reliably consistent are 1, 2, and 3. + +By default, section 1 will be used unless the file ends in .pm in which case +section 3 will be selected. + +=back + +The standard Pod::Parser method parse_from_filehandle() takes up to two +arguments, the first being the file handle to read POD from and the second +being the file handle to write the formatted output to. The first defaults +to STDIN if not given, and the second defaults to STDOUT. The method +parse_from_file() is almost identical, except that its two arguments are the +input and output disk files instead. See L<Pod::Parser> for the specific +details. + +=head1 DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `%s' + +(F) You specified a *roff font (using C<fixed>, C<fixedbold>, etc.) that +wasn't either one or two characters. Pod::Man doesn't support *roff fonts +longer than two characters, although some *roff extensions do (the canonical +versions of nroff(1) and troff(1) don't either). + +=item Invalid link %s + +(W) The POD source contained a C<LE<lt>E<gt>> sequence that Pod::Man was +unable to parse. You should never see this error message; it probably +indicates a bug in Pod::Man. + +=item Unknown escape EE<lt>%sE<gt> + +(W) The POD source contained an C<EE<lt>E<gt>> escape that Pod::Man didn't +know about. C<EE<lt>%sE<gt>> was printed verbatim in the output. + +=item Unknown sequence %s + +(W) The POD source contained a non-standard interior sequence (something of +the form C<XE<lt>E<gt>>) that Pod::Man didn't know about. It was ignored. + +=item Unmatched =back + +(W) Pod::Man encountered a C<=back> command that didn't correspond to an +C<=over> command. + +=back + +=head1 BUGS + +The lint-like features and strict POD format checking done by B<pod2man> are +not yet implemented and should be, along with the corresponding C<lax> +option. + +The NAME section should be recognized specially and index entries emitted +for everything in that section. This would have to be deferred until the +next section, since extraneous things in NAME tends to confuse various man +page processors. + +The handling of hyphens, en dashes, and em dashes is somewhat fragile, and +one may get the wrong one under some circumstances. This should only matter +for troff(1) output. + +When and whether to use small caps is somewhat tricky, and Pod::Man doesn't +necessarily get it right. + +Pod::Man doesn't handle font names longer than two characters. Neither do +most troff(1) implementations, but GNU troff does as an extension. It would +be nice to support as an option for those who want to use it. + +The preamble added to each output file is rather verbose, and most of it is +only necessary in the presence of EE<lt>E<gt> escapes for non-ASCII +characters. It would ideally be nice if all of those definitions were only +output if needed, perhaps on the fly as the characters are used. + +Some of the automagic applied to file names assumes Unix directory +separators. + +Pod::Man is excessively slow. + +=head1 NOTES + +The intention is for this module and its driver script to eventually replace +B<pod2man> in Perl core. + +=head1 SEE ALSO + +L<Pod::Parser|Pod::Parser>, perlpod(1), pod2roff(1), nroff(1), troff(1), +man(1), man(7) + +Ossanna, Joseph F., and Brian W. Kernighan. "Troff User's Manual," +Computing Science Technical Report No. 54, AT&T Bell Laboratories. This is +the best documentation of standard nroff(1) and troff(1). At the time of +this writing, it's available at http://www.cs.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr.html. + +The man page documenting the man macro set may be man(5) instead of man(7) +on your system. Also, please see pod2roff(1) for extensive documentation on +writing manual pages if you've not done it before and aren't familiar with +the conventions. + +=head1 AUTHOR + +Russ Allbery E<lt>rra@stanford.eduE<gt>, based I<very> heavily on the +original B<pod2man> by Tom Christiansen E<lt>tchrist@mox.perl.comE<gt>. + +=cut |