/* locale.c * * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, * 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others * * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file. * */ /* * A Elbereth Gilthoniel, * silivren penna míriel * o menel aglar elenath! * Na-chaered palan-díriel * o galadhremmin ennorath, * Fanuilos, le linnathon * nef aear, si nef aearon! * * [p.238 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"] */ /* utility functions for handling locale-specific stuff like what * character represents the decimal point. * * All C programs have an underlying locale. Perl generally doesn't pay any * attention to it except within the scope of a 'use locale'. For most * categories, it accomplishes this by just using different operations if it is * in such scope than if not. However, various libc functions called by Perl * are affected by the LC_NUMERIC category, so there are macros in perl.h that * are used to toggle between the current locale and the C locale depending on * the desired behavior of those functions at the moment. */ #include "EXTERN.h" #define PERL_IN_LOCALE_C #include "perl.h" #ifdef I_LANGINFO # include #endif #include "reentr.h" #ifdef USE_LOCALE /* * Standardize the locale name from a string returned by 'setlocale', possibly * modifying that string. * * The typical return value of setlocale() is either * (1) "xx_YY" if the first argument of setlocale() is not LC_ALL * (2) "xa_YY xb_YY ..." if the first argument of setlocale() is LC_ALL * (the space-separated values represent the various sublocales, * in some unspecified order). This is not handled by this function. * * In some platforms it has a form like "LC_SOMETHING=Lang_Country.866\n", * which is harmful for further use of the string in setlocale(). This * function removes the trailing new line and everything up through the '=' * */ STATIC char * S_stdize_locale(pTHX_ char *locs) { const char * const s = strchr(locs, '='); bool okay = TRUE; PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_STDIZE_LOCALE; if (s) { const char * const t = strchr(s, '.'); okay = FALSE; if (t) { const char * const u = strchr(t, '\n'); if (u && (u[1] == 0)) { const STRLEN len = u - s; Move(s + 1, locs, len, char); locs[len] = 0; okay = TRUE; } } } if (!okay) Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fix broken locale name \"%s\"", locs); return locs; } #endif void Perl_set_numeric_radix(pTHX) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC dVAR; # ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV const struct lconv* const lc = localeconv(); if (lc && lc->decimal_point) { if (lc->decimal_point[0] == '.' && lc->decimal_point[1] == 0) { SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv); PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL; } else { if (PL_numeric_radix_sv) sv_setpv(PL_numeric_radix_sv, lc->decimal_point); else PL_numeric_radix_sv = newSVpv(lc->decimal_point, 0); if (! is_ascii_string((U8 *) lc->decimal_point, 0) && is_utf8_string((U8 *) lc->decimal_point, 0) && is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_NUMERIC)) { SvUTF8_on(PL_numeric_radix_sv); } } } else PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL; DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale radix is %s\n", (PL_numeric_radix_sv) ? lc->decimal_point : "NULL")); # endif /* HAS_LOCALECONV */ #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ } void Perl_new_numeric(pTHX_ const char *newnum) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC /* Called after all libc setlocale() calls affecting LC_NUMERIC, to tell * core Perl this and that 'newnum' is the name of the new locale. * It installs this locale as the current underlying default. * * The default locale and the C locale can be toggled between by use of the * set_numeric_local() and set_numeric_standard() functions, which should * probably not be called directly, but only via macros like * SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD() in perl.h. * * The toggling is necessary mainly so that a non-dot radix decimal point * character can be output, while allowing internal calculations to use a * dot. * * This sets several interpreter-level variables: * PL_numeric_name The default locale's name: a copy of 'newnum' * PL_numeric_local A boolean indicating if the toggled state is such * that the current locale is the default locale * PL_numeric_standard A boolean indicating if the toggled state is such * that the current locale is the C locale * Note that both of the last two variables can be true at the same time, * if the underlying locale is C. (Toggling is a no-op under these * circumstances.) * * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function * should be called directly only from this file and from * POSIX::setlocale() */ char *save_newnum; dVAR; if (! newnum) { Safefree(PL_numeric_name); PL_numeric_name = NULL; PL_numeric_standard = TRUE; PL_numeric_local = TRUE; return; } save_newnum = stdize_locale(savepv(newnum)); if (! PL_numeric_name || strNE(PL_numeric_name, save_newnum)) { Safefree(PL_numeric_name); PL_numeric_name = save_newnum; } PL_numeric_standard = ((*save_newnum == 'C' && save_newnum[1] == '\0') || strEQ(save_newnum, "POSIX")); PL_numeric_local = TRUE; set_numeric_radix(); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ } void Perl_set_numeric_standard(pTHX) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC dVAR; /* Toggle the LC_NUMERIC locale to C, if not already there. Probably * should use the macros like SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD() in perl.h instead of * calling this directly. */ if (! PL_numeric_standard) { setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C"); PL_numeric_standard = TRUE; PL_numeric_local = FALSE; set_numeric_radix(); } DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Underlying LC_NUMERIC locale now is C\n")); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ } void Perl_set_numeric_local(pTHX) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC dVAR; /* Toggle the LC_NUMERIC locale to the current underlying default, if not * already there. Probably should use the macros like SET_NUMERIC_LOCAL() * in perl.h instead of calling this directly. */ if (! PL_numeric_local) { setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, PL_numeric_name); PL_numeric_standard = FALSE; PL_numeric_local = TRUE; set_numeric_radix(); } DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Underlying LC_NUMERIC locale now is %s\n", PL_numeric_name)); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ } /* * Set up for a new ctype locale. */ void Perl_new_ctype(pTHX_ const char *newctype) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE /* Called after all libc setlocale() calls affecting LC_CTYPE, to tell * core Perl this and that 'newctype' is the name of the new locale. * * This function sets up the folding arrays for all 256 bytes, assuming * that tofold() is tolc() since fold case is not a concept in POSIX, * * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function * should be called directly only from this file and from * POSIX::setlocale() */ dVAR; UV i; PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_CTYPE; PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale = is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_CTYPE); /* A UTF-8 locale gets standard rules. But note that code still has to * handle this specially because of the three problematic code points */ if (PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale) { Copy(PL_fold_latin1, PL_fold_locale, 256, U8); } else { for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) { if (isUPPER_LC((U8) i)) PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) toLOWER_LC((U8) i); else if (isLOWER_LC((U8) i)) PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) toUPPER_LC((U8) i); else PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) i; } } #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_CTYPE; PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newctype); PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT; } void Perl_new_collate(pTHX_ const char *newcoll) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE /* Called after all libc setlocale() calls affecting LC_COLLATE, to tell * core Perl this and that 'newcoll' is the name of the new locale. * * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function * should be called directly only from this file and from * POSIX::setlocale() */ dVAR; if (! newcoll) { if (PL_collation_name) { ++PL_collation_ix; Safefree(PL_collation_name); PL_collation_name = NULL; } PL_collation_standard = TRUE; PL_collxfrm_base = 0; PL_collxfrm_mult = 2; return; } if (! PL_collation_name || strNE(PL_collation_name, newcoll)) { ++PL_collation_ix; Safefree(PL_collation_name); PL_collation_name = stdize_locale(savepv(newcoll)); PL_collation_standard = ((*newcoll == 'C' && newcoll[1] == '\0') || strEQ(newcoll, "POSIX")); { /* 2: at most so many chars ('a', 'b'). */ /* 50: surely no system expands a char more. */ #define XFRMBUFSIZE (2 * 50) char xbuf[XFRMBUFSIZE]; const Size_t fa = strxfrm(xbuf, "a", XFRMBUFSIZE); const Size_t fb = strxfrm(xbuf, "ab", XFRMBUFSIZE); const SSize_t mult = fb - fa; if (mult < 1 && !(fa == 0 && fb == 0)) Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: strxfrm() gets absurd - a => %"UVuf", ab => %"UVuf, (UV) fa, (UV) fb); PL_collxfrm_base = (fa > (Size_t)mult) ? (fa - mult) : 0; PL_collxfrm_mult = mult; } } #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ } #ifdef WIN32 char * Perl_my_setlocale(pTHX_ int category, const char* locale) { /* This, for Windows, emulates POSIX setlocale() behavior. There is no * difference unless the input locale is "", which means on Windows to get * the machine default, which is set via the computer's "Regional and * Language Options" (or its current equivalent). In POSIX, it instead * means to find the locale from the user's environment. This routine * looks in the environment, and, if anything is found, uses that instead * of going to the machine default. If there is no environment override, * the machine default is used, as normal, by calling the real setlocale() * with "". The POSIX behavior is to use the LC_ALL variable if set; * otherwise to use the particular category's variable if set; otherwise to * use the LANG variable. */ bool override_LC_ALL = 0; char * result; if (locale && strEQ(locale, "")) { # ifdef LC_ALL locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL"); if (! locale) { #endif switch (category) { # ifdef LC_ALL case LC_ALL: override_LC_ALL = TRUE; break; /* We already know its variable isn't set */ # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME case LC_TIME: locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_TIME"); break; # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE case LC_CTYPE: locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_CTYPE"); break; # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE case LC_COLLATE: locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_COLLATE"); break; # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY case LC_MONETARY: locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_MONETARY"); break; # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC case LC_NUMERIC: locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_NUMERIC"); break; # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES case LC_MESSAGES: locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_MESSAGES"); break; # endif default: /* This is a category, like PAPER_SIZE that we don't * know about; and so can't provide a wrapper. */ break; } if (! locale) { locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LANG"); if (! locale) { locale = ""; } } # ifdef LC_ALL } # endif } result = setlocale(category, locale); if (! override_LC_ALL) { return result; } /* Here the input locale was LC_ALL, and we have set it to what is in the * LANG variable or the system default if there is no LANG. But these have * lower priority than the other LC_foo variables, so override it for each * one that is set. (If they are set to "", it means to use the same thing * we just set LC_ALL to, so can skip) */ # ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME result = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_TIME"); if (result && strNE(result, "")) { setlocale(LC_TIME, result); } # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE result = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_CTYPE"); if (result && strNE(result, "")) { setlocale(LC_CTYPE, result); } # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE result = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_COLLATE"); if (result && strNE(result, "")) { setlocale(LC_COLLATE, result); } # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY result = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_MONETARY"); if (result && strNE(result, "")) { setlocale(LC_MONETARY, result); } # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC result = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_NUMERIC"); if (result && strNE(result, "")) { setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, result); } # endif # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES result = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_MESSAGES"); if (result && strNE(result, "")) { setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, result); } # endif return setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL); } #endif /* * Initialize locale awareness. */ int Perl_init_i18nl10n(pTHX_ int printwarn) { /* printwarn is * * 0 if not to output warning when setup locale is bad * 1 if to output warning based on value of PERL_BADLANG * >1 if to output regardless of PERL_BADLANG * * returns * 1 = set ok or not applicable, * 0 = fallback to a locale of lower priority * -1 = fallback to all locales failed, not even to the C locale */ int ok = 1; #if defined(USE_LOCALE) dVAR; #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE char *curctype = NULL; #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE char *curcoll = NULL; #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC char *curnum = NULL; #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ #ifdef __GLIBC__ char * const language = PerlEnv_getenv("LANGUAGE"); #endif /* NULL uses the existing already set up locale */ const char * const setlocale_init = (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT")) ? NULL : ""; const char* trial_locales[5]; /* 5 = 1 each for "", LC_ALL, LANG, "", C */ unsigned int trial_locales_count; char * const lc_all = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL"); char * const lang = PerlEnv_getenv("LANG"); bool setlocale_failure = FALSE; unsigned int i; char *p; const bool locwarn = (printwarn > 1 || (printwarn && (!(p = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_BADLANG")) || atoi(p)))); bool done = FALSE; const char *system_default_locale = NULL; #ifndef LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED PERL_UNUSED_VAR(done); #else /* * Ultrix setlocale(..., "") fails if there are no environment * variables from which to get a locale name. */ # ifdef LC_ALL if (lang) { if (my_setlocale(LC_ALL, setlocale_init)) done = TRUE; else setlocale_failure = TRUE; } if (!setlocale_failure) { # ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE Safefree(curctype); if (! (curctype = my_setlocale(LC_CTYPE, (!done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv("LC_CTYPE"))) ? setlocale_init : NULL))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; else curctype = savepv(curctype); # endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ # ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE Safefree(curcoll); if (! (curcoll = my_setlocale(LC_COLLATE, (!done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv("LC_COLLATE"))) ? setlocale_init : NULL))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; else curcoll = savepv(curcoll); # endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ # ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC Safefree(curnum); if (! (curnum = my_setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, (!done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv("LC_NUMERIC"))) ? setlocale_init : NULL))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; else curnum = savepv(curnum); # endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES if (! my_setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, (!done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv("LC_MESSAGES"))) ? setlocale_init : NULL)) { setlocale_failure = TRUE; } # endif /* USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES */ # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY if (! my_setlocale(LC_MONETARY, (!done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv("LC_MONETARY"))) ? setlocale_init : NULL)) { setlocale_failure = TRUE; } # endif /* USE_LOCALE_MONETARY */ } # endif /* LC_ALL */ #endif /* !LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED */ /* We try each locale in the list until we get one that works, or exhaust * the list */ trial_locales[0] = setlocale_init; trial_locales_count = 1; for (i= 0; i < trial_locales_count; i++) { const char * trial_locale = trial_locales[i]; if (i > 0) { /* XXX This is to preserve old behavior for LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED * when i==0, but I (khw) don't think that behavior makes much * sense */ setlocale_failure = FALSE; #ifdef WIN32 /* On Windows machines, an entry of "" after the 0th means to use * the system default locale, which we now proceed to get. */ if (strEQ(trial_locale, "")) { unsigned int j; /* Note that this may change the locale, but we are going to do * that anyway just below */ system_default_locale = setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); /* Skip if invalid or it's already on the list of locales to * try */ if (! system_default_locale) { goto next_iteration; } for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) { if (strEQ(system_default_locale, trial_locales[j])) { goto next_iteration; } } trial_locale = system_default_locale; } #endif } #ifdef LC_ALL if (! my_setlocale(LC_ALL, trial_locale)) { setlocale_failure = TRUE; } else { /* Since LC_ALL succeeded, it should have changed all the other * categories it can to its value; so we massage things so that the * setlocales below just return their category's current values. * This adequately handles the case in NetBSD where LC_COLLATE may * not be defined for a locale, and setting it individually will * fail, whereas setting LC_ALL suceeds, leaving LC_COLLATE set to * the POSIX locale. */ trial_locale = NULL; } #endif /* LC_ALL */ if (!setlocale_failure) { #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE Safefree(curctype); if (! (curctype = my_setlocale(LC_CTYPE, trial_locale))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; else curctype = savepv(curctype); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE Safefree(curcoll); if (! (curcoll = my_setlocale(LC_COLLATE, trial_locale))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; else curcoll = savepv(curcoll); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC Safefree(curnum); if (! (curnum = my_setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, trial_locale))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; else curnum = savepv(curnum); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES if (! (my_setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, trial_locale))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; #endif /* USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY if (! (my_setlocale(LC_MONETARY, trial_locale))) setlocale_failure = TRUE; #endif /* USE_LOCALE_MONETARY */ if (! setlocale_failure) { /* Success */ break; } } /* Here, something failed; will need to try a fallback. */ ok = 0; if (i == 0) { unsigned int j; if (locwarn) { /* Output failure info only on the first one */ #ifdef LC_ALL PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "perl: warning: Setting locale failed.\n"); #else /* !LC_ALL */ PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "perl: warning: Setting locale failed for the categories:\n\t"); #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE if (! curctype) PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "LC_CTYPE "); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE if (! curcoll) PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "LC_COLLATE "); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC if (! curnum) PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "LC_NUMERIC "); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "and possibly others\n"); #endif /* LC_ALL */ PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:\n"); #ifdef __GLIBC__ PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\tLANGUAGE = %c%s%c,\n", language ? '"' : '(', language ? language : "unset", language ? '"' : ')'); #endif PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\tLC_ALL = %c%s%c,\n", lc_all ? '"' : '(', lc_all ? lc_all : "unset", lc_all ? '"' : ')'); #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) { char **e; for (e = environ; *e; e++) { if (strnEQ(*e, "LC_", 3) && strnNE(*e, "LC_ALL=", 7) && (p = strchr(*e, '='))) PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\t%.*s = \"%s\",\n", (int)(p - *e), *e, p + 1); } } #else PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\t(possibly more locale environment variables)\n"); #endif PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\tLANG = %c%s%c\n", lang ? '"' : '(', lang ? lang : "unset", lang ? '"' : ')'); PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, " are supported and installed on your system.\n"); } /* Calculate what fallback locales to try. We have avoided this * until we have to, becuase failure is quite unlikely. This will * usually change the upper bound of the loop we are in. * * Since the system's default way of setting the locale has not * found one that works, We use Perl's defined ordering: LC_ALL, * LANG, and the C locale. We don't try the same locale twice, so * don't add to the list if already there. (On POSIX systems, the * LC_ALL element will likely be a repeat of the 0th element "", * but there's no harm done by doing it explicitly */ if (lc_all) { for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) { if (strEQ(lc_all, trial_locales[j])) { goto done_lc_all; } } trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = lc_all; } done_lc_all: if (lang) { for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) { if (strEQ(lang, trial_locales[j])) { goto done_lang; } } trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = lang; } done_lang: #if defined(WIN32) && defined(LC_ALL) /* For Windows, we also try the system default locale before "C". * (If there exists a Windows without LC_ALL we skip this because * it gets too complicated. For those, the "C" is the next * fallback possibility). The "" is the same as the 0th element of * the array, but the code at the loop above knows to treat it * differently when not the 0th */ trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = ""; #endif for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) { if (strEQ("C", trial_locales[j])) { goto done_C; } } trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = "C"; done_C: ; } /* end of first time through the loop */ #ifdef WIN32 next_iteration: ; #endif } /* end of looping through the trial locales */ if (ok < 1) { /* If we tried to fallback */ const char* msg; if (! setlocale_failure) { /* fallback succeeded */ msg = "Falling back to"; } else { /* fallback failed */ /* We dropped off the end of the loop, so have to decrement i to * get back to the value the last time through */ i--; ok = -1; msg = "Failed to fall back to"; /* To continue, we should use whatever values we've got */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE Safefree(curctype); curctype = savepv(setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL)); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE Safefree(curcoll); curcoll = savepv(setlocale(LC_COLLATE, NULL)); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC Safefree(curnum); curnum = savepv(setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, NULL)); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ } if (locwarn) { const char * description; const char * name = ""; if (strEQ(trial_locales[i], "C")) { description = "the standard locale"; name = "C"; } else if (strEQ(trial_locales[i], "")) { description = "the system default locale"; if (system_default_locale) { name = system_default_locale; } } else { description = "a fallback locale"; name = trial_locales[i]; } if (name && strNE(name, "")) { PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "perl: warning: %s %s (\"%s\").\n", msg, description, name); } else { PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "perl: warning: %s %s.\n", msg, description); } } } /* End of tried to fallback */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE new_ctype(curctype); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE new_collate(curcoll); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC new_numeric(curnum); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ #if defined(USE_PERLIO) && defined(USE_LOCALE_CTYPE) /* Set PL_utf8locale to TRUE if using PerlIO _and_ the current LC_CTYPE * locale is UTF-8. If PL_utf8locale and PL_unicode (set by -C or by * $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}) are true, perl.c:S_parse_body() will turn on the * PerlIO :utf8 layer on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR, _and_ the default open * discipline. */ PL_utf8locale = is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_CTYPE); /* Set PL_unicode to $ENV{PERL_UNICODE} if using PerlIO. This is an alternative to using the -C command line switch (the -C if present will override this). */ { const char *p = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_UNICODE"); PL_unicode = p ? parse_unicode_opts(&p) : 0; if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG) PL_utf8cache = -1; } #endif #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE Safefree(curctype); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE Safefree(curcoll); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC Safefree(curnum); #endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */ #endif /* USE_LOCALE */ return ok; } #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE /* * mem_collxfrm() is a bit like strxfrm() but with two important * differences. First, it handles embedded NULs. Second, it allocates * a bit more memory than needed for the transformed data itself. * The real transformed data begins at offset sizeof(collationix). * Please see sv_collxfrm() to see how this is used. */ char * Perl_mem_collxfrm(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN len, STRLEN *xlen) { dVAR; char *xbuf; STRLEN xAlloc, xin, xout; /* xalloc is a reserved word in VC */ PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MEM_COLLXFRM; /* the first sizeof(collationix) bytes are used by sv_collxfrm(). */ /* the +1 is for the terminating NUL. */ xAlloc = sizeof(PL_collation_ix) + PL_collxfrm_base + (PL_collxfrm_mult * len) + 1; Newx(xbuf, xAlloc, char); if (! xbuf) goto bad; *(U32*)xbuf = PL_collation_ix; xout = sizeof(PL_collation_ix); for (xin = 0; xin < len; ) { Size_t xused; for (;;) { xused = strxfrm(xbuf + xout, s + xin, xAlloc - xout); if (xused >= PERL_INT_MAX) goto bad; if ((STRLEN)xused < xAlloc - xout) break; xAlloc = (2 * xAlloc) + 1; Renew(xbuf, xAlloc, char); if (! xbuf) goto bad; } xin += strlen(s + xin) + 1; xout += xused; /* Embedded NULs are understood but silently skipped * because they make no sense in locale collation. */ } xbuf[xout] = '\0'; *xlen = xout - sizeof(PL_collation_ix); return xbuf; bad: Safefree(xbuf); *xlen = 0; return NULL; } #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */ #ifdef USE_LOCALE STATIC bool S_is_cur_LC_category_utf8(pTHX_ int category) { /* Returns TRUE if the current locale for 'category' is UTF-8; FALSE * otherwise. 'category' may not be LC_ALL. If the platform doesn't have * nl_langinfo(), nor MB_CUR_MAX, this employs a heuristic, which hence * could give the wrong result. It errs on the side of not being a UTF-8 * locale. */ char *save_input_locale = NULL; STRLEN final_pos; #ifdef LC_ALL assert(category != LC_ALL); #endif /* First dispose of the trivial cases */ save_input_locale = setlocale(category, NULL); if (! save_input_locale) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Could not find current locale for category %d\n", category)); return FALSE; /* XXX maybe should croak */ } save_input_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_input_locale)); if ((*save_input_locale == 'C' && save_input_locale[1] == '\0') || strEQ(save_input_locale, "POSIX")) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Current locale for category %d is %s\n", category, save_input_locale)); Safefree(save_input_locale); return FALSE; } #if defined(USE_LOCALE_CTYPE) \ && (defined(MB_CUR_MAX) || (defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(CODESET))) { /* Next try nl_langinfo or MB_CUR_MAX if available */ char *save_ctype_locale = NULL; bool is_utf8; if (category != LC_CTYPE) { /* These work only on LC_CTYPE */ /* Get the current LC_CTYPE locale */ save_ctype_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL))); if (! save_ctype_locale) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Could not find current locale for LC_CTYPE\n")); goto cant_use_nllanginfo; } /* If LC_CTYPE and the desired category use the same locale, this * means that finding the value for LC_CTYPE is the same as finding * the value for the desired category. Otherwise, switch LC_CTYPE * to the desired category's locale */ if (strEQ(save_ctype_locale, save_input_locale)) { Safefree(save_ctype_locale); save_ctype_locale = NULL; } else if (! setlocale(LC_CTYPE, save_input_locale)) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Could not change LC_CTYPE locale to %s\n", save_input_locale)); Safefree(save_ctype_locale); goto cant_use_nllanginfo; } } DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Current LC_CTYPE locale=%s\n", save_input_locale)); /* Here the current LC_CTYPE is set to the locale of the category whose * information is desired. This means that nl_langinfo() and MB_CUR_MAX * should give the correct results */ # if defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(CODESET) { char *codeset = savepv(nl_langinfo(CODESET)); if (codeset && strNE(codeset, "")) { /* If we switched LC_CTYPE, switch back */ if (save_ctype_locale) { setlocale(LC_CTYPE, save_ctype_locale); Safefree(save_ctype_locale); } is_utf8 = foldEQ(codeset, STR_WITH_LEN("UTF-8")) || foldEQ(codeset, STR_WITH_LEN("UTF8")); DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tnllanginfo returned CODESET '%s'; ?UTF8 locale=%d\n", codeset, is_utf8)); Safefree(codeset); Safefree(save_input_locale); return is_utf8; } Safefree(codeset); } # endif # ifdef MB_CUR_MAX /* Here, either we don't have nl_langinfo, or it didn't return a * codeset. Try MB_CUR_MAX */ /* Standard UTF-8 needs at least 4 bytes to represent the maximum * Unicode code point. Since UTF-8 is the only non-single byte * encoding we handle, we just say any such encoding is UTF-8, and if * turns out to be wrong, other things will fail */ is_utf8 = MB_CUR_MAX >= 4; DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tMB_CUR_MAX=%d; ?UTF8 locale=%d\n", (int) MB_CUR_MAX, is_utf8)); Safefree(save_input_locale); # ifdef HAS_MBTOWC /* ... But, most system that have MB_CUR_MAX will also have mbtowc(), * since they are both in the C99 standard. We can feed a known byte * string to the latter function, and check that it gives the expected * result */ if (is_utf8) { wchar_t wc; GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wunused-result); (void) mbtowc(&wc, NULL, 0); /* Reset any shift state */ GCC_DIAG_RESTORE; errno = 0; if ((size_t)mbtowc(&wc, HYPHEN_UTF8, strlen(HYPHEN_UTF8)) != strlen(HYPHEN_UTF8) || wc != (wchar_t) 0x2010) { is_utf8 = FALSE; DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\thyphen=U+%x\n", wc)); DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\treturn from mbtowc=%d; errno=%d; ?UTF8 locale=0\n", mbtowc(&wc, HYPHEN_UTF8, strlen(HYPHEN_UTF8)), errno)); } } # endif /* If we switched LC_CTYPE, switch back */ if (save_ctype_locale) { setlocale(LC_CTYPE, save_ctype_locale); Safefree(save_ctype_locale); } return is_utf8; # endif } cant_use_nllanginfo: #endif /* HAS_NL_LANGINFO etc */ /* nl_langinfo not available or failed somehow. Look at the locale name to * see if it matches qr/UTF -? 8 /ix */ final_pos = strlen(save_input_locale) - 1; if (final_pos >= 3) { char *name = save_input_locale; /* Find next 'U' or 'u' and look from there */ while ((name += strcspn(name, "Uu") + 1) <= save_input_locale + final_pos - 2) { if (toFOLD(*(name)) != 't' || toFOLD(*(name + 1)) != 'f') { continue; } name += 2; if (*(name) == '-') { if ((name > save_input_locale + final_pos - 1)) { break; } name++; } if (*(name) == '8') { Safefree(save_input_locale); DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale %s ends with UTF-8 in name\n", save_input_locale)); return TRUE; } } DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale %s doesn't end with UTF-8 in name\n", save_input_locale)); } #ifdef WIN32 /* http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd317756.aspx */ if (final_pos >= 4 && *(save_input_locale + final_pos - 0) == '1' && *(save_input_locale + final_pos - 1) == '0' && *(save_input_locale + final_pos - 2) == '0' && *(save_input_locale + final_pos - 3) == '5' && *(save_input_locale + final_pos - 4) == '6') { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale %s ends with 10056 in name, is UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale)); Safefree(save_input_locale); return TRUE; } #endif /* Other common encodings are the ISO 8859 series, which aren't UTF-8 */ if (instr(save_input_locale, "8859")) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale %s has 8859 in name, not UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale)); Safefree(save_input_locale); return FALSE; } #ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV # ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY /* Here, there is nothing in the locale name to indicate whether the locale * is UTF-8 or not. This "name", the return of setlocale(), is actually * defined to be opaque, so we can't really rely on the absence of various * substrings in the name to indicate its UTF-8ness. Look at the locale's * currency symbol. Often that will be in the native script, and if the * symbol isn't in UTF-8, we know that the locale isn't. If it is * non-ASCII UTF-8, we infer that the locale is too. * To do this, like above for LC_CTYPE, we first set LC_MONETARY to the * locale of the desired category, if it isn't that locale already */ { char *save_monetary_locale = NULL; bool illegal_utf8 = FALSE; bool only_ascii = FALSE; const struct lconv* const lc = localeconv(); if (category != LC_MONETARY) { save_monetary_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(setlocale(LC_MONETARY, NULL))); if (! save_monetary_locale) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Could not find current locale for LC_MONETARY\n")); goto cant_use_monetary; } if (strNE(save_monetary_locale, save_input_locale)) { if (! setlocale(LC_MONETARY, save_input_locale)) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Could not change LC_MONETARY locale to %s\n", save_input_locale)); Safefree(save_monetary_locale); goto cant_use_monetary; } } } /* Here the current LC_MONETARY is set to the locale of the category * whose information is desired. */ if (lc && lc->currency_symbol) { if (! is_utf8_string((U8 *) lc->currency_symbol, 0)) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Currency symbol for %s is not legal UTF-8\n", save_input_locale)); illegal_utf8 = TRUE; } else if (is_ascii_string((U8 *) lc->currency_symbol, 0)) { DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Currency symbol for %s contains only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale)); only_ascii = TRUE; } } /* If we changed it, restore LC_MONETARY to its original locale */ if (save_monetary_locale) { setlocale(LC_MONETARY, save_monetary_locale); Safefree(save_monetary_locale); } Safefree(save_input_locale); /* It isn't a UTF-8 locale if the symbol is not legal UTF-8; otherwise * assume the locale is UTF-8 if and only if the symbol is non-ascii * UTF-8. (We can't really tell if the locale is UTF-8 or not if the * symbol is just a '$', so we err on the side of it not being UTF-8) * */ DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tis_utf8=%d\n", (illegal_utf8) ? FALSE : ! only_ascii)); return (illegal_utf8) ? FALSE : ! only_ascii; } cant_use_monetary: # endif /* USE_LOCALE_MONETARY */ #endif /* HAS_LOCALECONV */ #if 0 && defined(HAS_STRERROR) && defined(USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES) /* This code is ifdefd out because it was found to not be necessary in testing * on our dromedary test machine, which has over 700 locales. There, looking * at just the currency symbol gave essentially the same results as doing this * extra work. Executing this also caused segfaults in miniperl. I left it in * so as to avoid rewriting it if real-world experience indicates that * dromedary is an outlier. Essentially, instead of returning abpve if we * haven't found illegal utf8, we continue on and examine all the strerror() * messages on the platform for utf8ness. If all are ASCII, we still don't * know the answer; but otherwise we have a pretty good indication of the * utf8ness. The reason this doesn't necessarily help much is that the * messages may not have been translated into the locale. The currency symbol * is much more likely to have been translated. The code below would need to * be altered somewhat to just be a continuation of testing the currency * symbol. */ int e; unsigned int failures = 0, non_ascii = 0; char *save_messages_locale = NULL; /* Like above for LC_CTYPE, we set LC_MESSAGES to the locale of the * desired category, if it isn't that locale already */ if (category != LC_MESSAGES) { save_messages_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, NULL))); if (! save_messages_locale) { goto cant_use_messages; } if (strEQ(save_messages_locale, save_input_locale)) { Safefree(save_input_locale); } else if (! setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, save_input_locale)) { Safefree(save_messages_locale); goto cant_use_messages; } } /* Here the current LC_MESSAGES is set to the locale of the category * whose information is desired. Look through all the messages */ for (e = 0; #ifdef HAS_SYS_ERRLIST e <= sys_nerr #endif ; e++) { const U8* const errmsg = (U8 *) Strerror(e) ; if (!errmsg) break; if (! is_utf8_string(errmsg, 0)) { failures++; break; } else if (! is_ascii_string(errmsg, 0)) { non_ascii++; } } /* And, if we changed it, restore LC_MESSAGES to its original locale */ if (save_messages_locale) { setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, save_messages_locale); Safefree(save_messages_locale); } /* Any non-UTF-8 message means not a UTF-8 locale; if all are valid, * any non-ascii means it is one; otherwise we assume it isn't */ return (failures) ? FALSE : non_ascii; } cant_use_messages: #endif DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Assuming locale %s is not a UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale)); Safefree(save_input_locale); return FALSE; } #endif /* * Local variables: * c-indentation-style: bsd * c-basic-offset: 4 * indent-tabs-mode: nil * End: * * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: */