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New regexp routines derived from Henry Spencer's.
Support for /(foo|bar)/.
Support for /(foo)*/ and /(foo)+/.
\s for whitespace, \S nonwhitespace
\d for digit, \D nondigit
Local variables in blocks, subroutines and evals.
Recursive subroutine calls are now supported.
Array values may now be interpolated into lists:
unlink 'foo', 'bar', @trashcan, 'tmp';
File globbing via <*.foo>.
Use of <> in array contexts returns the whole file or glob list:
unlink <*.foo>;
New iterator for normal arrays, foreach, that allows both read and write:
foreach $elem ($array) {
$elem =~ s/foo/bar/;
}
Ability to open pipe to a forked off script for secure pipes in setuid scripts.
File inclusion via
do 'foo.pl';
More file tests, including -t to see if, for instance, stdin is
a terminal. File tests now behave in a more correct manner. You can do
file tests on filehandles as well as filenames. The special filetests
-T and -B test a file to see if it's text or binary.
An eof can now be used on each file of the <> input for such purposes
as resetting the line numbers or appending to each file of an inplace edit.
Assignments can now function as lvalues, so you can say things like
($HOST = $host) =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/;
($obj = $src) =~ s/\.c$/.o/;
You can now do certain file operations with a variable which holds the name
of a filehandle, e.g. open(++$incl,$includefilename); $foo = <$incl>;
You can now a subroutine indirectly through a scalar variable:
$which = 'xyz';
do $which('foo'); # calls xyz
Warnings are now available (with -w) on use of uninitialized variables and on
identifiers that are mentioned only once, and on reference to various
undefined things.
The -S switch causes perl to search the PATH for the script so that you can say
eval "exec /usr/bin/perl -S $0 $*"
if $running_under_some_shell;
Reset now resets arrays and associative arrays as well as string variables.
Assigning off the end of an array now nulls out any intervening values.
$#foo is now an lvalue. You can preallocate or truncate arrays, or recover
values lost to prior truncation.
$#foo is now indexed to $[ properly.
s/foo/bar/i optimization bug fixed.
The $x = "...$x..."; bug is fixed.
The @ary = (1); bug is now fixed. You can even say @ary = 1;
$= now returns the correct value.
Several of the larger files are now split into smaller pieces for easier
compilation.
Pattern matches evaluated in an array context now return ($1, $2...).
There is now a wait operator.
There is now a sort operator.
The requirement of parens around certain expressions when taking their value
has been lifted. In particular, you can say
$x = print "foo","bar";
$x = unlink "foo","bar";
chdir "foo" || die "Can't chdir to foo\n";
The manual is now not lying when it says that perl is generally faster than
sed. I hope.
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