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-Credits:
-Ben Mansell, Stephen Landamore, Daniel Silverstone, Shane Caraveo
-
-Building PHP
-------------
-
-You must add '--enable-fastcgi' to the configure command on Linux or
-OSX based systems to get fastcgi support in the php-cgi binary. You
-also must not use '--enable-discard-path'.
-
-Running the FastCGI PHP module
-------------------------------
-
-There are two ways to run the resulting 'php' binary after the fastcgi
-version has been built:
-
-1) Configure your web server to run the PHP binary itself.
-
-This is the simplest method, obviously you will have to configure your
-web server appropriately. Some web servers may also not support this method,
-or may not be as efficient.
-
-2) Run PHP separately from the web server.
-
-In this setup, PHP is started as a separate process entirely from the web
-server. It will listen on a socket for new FastCGI requests, and deliver
-PHP pages as appropriate. This is the recommended way of running PHP-FastCGI.
-To run this way, you must start the PHP binary running by giving it an IP
-and a port number to listen to on the command line, e.g.:
-
- ./php -b 127.0.0.1:8002
-
-The above line is the recommended way of running FastCGI. You usually
-want the FastCGI server to provide services to the localhost, not
-everyone on the Internet.
-
-If your web server sits on a remote host, you can make FastCGI listen
-on all interfaces:
-
- ./php -b :8002
- ./php -b "*:8002"
-
-Note that hostnames are not supported.
-
-You must also configure your web server to connect to the appropriate port
-in order to talk to the PHP FastCGI process.
-
-The advantage of running PHP in this way is that it entirely separates the
-web server and PHP process, so that one cannot disrupt the other. It also
-allows PHP to be on an entirely separate machine from the web server if need
-be, you could even have several web servers utilising the same running PHP
-process if required!
-
-
-Using FastCGI PHP with Apache
-=============================
-
-First of all, you may well ask 'Why?'. After all, Apache already has mod_php.
-However, there are advantages to running PHP with FastCGI. Separating the
-PHP code from the web server removes 'bloat' from the main server, and should
-improve the performance of non-PHP requests. Secondly, having one permanent
-PHP process as opposed to one per apache process means that shared resources
-like persistent database connections are used more efficiently.
-
-First of all, make sure that the FastCGI module is enabled. You should have
-a line in your config like:
-
- LoadModule fastcgi_module /usr/lib/apache/2.0/mod_fastcgi.so
-
-Don't load mod_php, by the way. Make sure it is commented out!
-
- #LoadModule php5_module /usr/lib/apache/2.0/libphp5.so
-
-Now, we'll create a fcgi-bin directory, just like you would do with normal
-CGI scripts. You'll need to create a directory somewhere to store your
-FastCGI binaries. We'll use /space/fcgi-bin/ for this example. Remember to
-copy the FastCGI-PHP binary in there. (named 'php-cgi') This sets up
-php to run under mod_fastcgi as a dynamic server.
-
- ScriptAlias /fcgi-bin/ /space/fcgi-bin/
- <Location /fcgi-bin/>
- Options ExecCGI
- SetHandler fastcgi-script
- </Location>
-
-To setup a specific static configuration for php, you have to use
-the FastCgiServer configuration for mod_fastcgi. For this, do not
-use the above configuration, but rather the following.
-(see mod_fastcgi docs for more configuration information):
-
- Alias /fcgi-bin/ /space/fcgi-bin/
- FastCgiServer /path/to/php-cgi -processes 5
-
-For either of the above configurations, we need to tell Apache to
-use the FastCGI binary /fcgi-bin/php to deliver PHP pages.
-All that is needed is:
-
- AddType application/x-httpd-fastphp .php
- Action application/x-httpd-fastphp /fcgi-bin/php-cgi
-
-Now, if you restart Apache, php pages should now be delivered!
-
-Using FastCGI PHP with IIS or iPlanet
-=====================================
-
-FastCGI server plugins are available at www.caraveo.com/fastcgi/
-Documentation on these are sparse. iPlanet is not very tested,
-and no makefile exists yet for unix based iPlanet servers.
-
-
-Security
---------
-
-Be sure to run the php binary as an appropriate userid. Also, firewall out
-the port that PHP is listening on. In addition, you can set the environment
-variable FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS to control who can connect to the FastCGI.
-Set it to a comma separated list of IP addresses, e.g.:
-
-export FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS=199.170.183.28,199.170.183.71
-
-
-Tuning
-------
-
-There are a few tuning parameters that can be tweaked to control the
-performance of FastCGI PHP. The following are environment variables that can
-be set before running the PHP binary:
-
-PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN (default value: 8)
-
-This controls how many child processes the PHP process spawns. When the
-fastcgi starts, it creates a number of child processes which handle one
-page request at a time. So by default, you will be able to handle 8
-concurrent PHP page requests. Further requests will be queued.
-Increasing this number will allow for better concurrency, especially if you
-have pages that take a significant time to create, or supply a lot of data
-(e.g. downloading huge files via PHP). On the other hand, having more
-processes running will use more RAM, and letting too many PHP pages be
-generated concurrently will mean that each request will be slow.
-
-PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS (default value: 500)
-
-This controls how many requests each child process will handle before
-exitting. When one process exits, another will be created. This tuning is
-necessary because several PHP functions are known to have memory leaks. If the
-PHP processes were left around forever, they would be become very inefficient.