1. strrpos() and strripos() now use the entire string as a needle. Be aware that the existing scripts may no longer work as you expect. EX : Will give you different results. The former returns 3 while the latter returns false rather than the position of the last occurrence of 'D'. The same applies to strripos(). 2. Illegal use of string offsets causes E_ERROR instead of E_WARNING. EX : Fatal error: Cannot use string offset as an array in ... on line 1 3. array_merge() was changed to accept only arrays. If a non-array variable is passed, a E_WARNING will be thrown for every such parameter. Be careful because your code may start emitting E_WARNING out of the blue. 4. Be careful when porting from ext/mysql to ext/mysqli. The following functions return NULL when no more data is available in the result set (ext/mysql's functions return FALSE). - mysqli_fetch_row() - mysqli_fetch_array() - mysqli_fetch_assoc() 5. PATH_TRANSLATED server variable is no longer set implicitly under Apache2 SAPI in contrast to the situation in PHP 4, where it is set to the same value as the SCRIPT_FILENAME server variable when it is not populated by Apache. This change was made to comply with the CGI specification. Please refer to bug #23610 for further information. 6. Starting PHP 5.0.0 the T_ML_CONSTANT constant is no longer defined by the ext/tokenizer extension. If error_reporting is set to E_ALL notices will be produced. Instead of T_ML_CONSTANT for /* */ the T_COMMENT constant is used, thus both // and /* */ are resolved as the T_COMMENT constant. However the PHPDoc style comments /** */ ,which starting PHP 5 are parsed by PHP, are recongnized as T_DOC_COMMENT. 7. $_SERVER should be populated with argc and argv if variables_order includes "S". If you have specifically configured your system to not create $_SERVER, then of course it shouldn't be there. The change was to always make argc and argv available in the CLI version regardless of the variables_order setting. As in, the CLI version will now always populate the global $argc and $argv variables. 8. Classes must be declared before used: echo(); class fubar { function echo() { echo 'fubar'; } } ?> This script is perfectly valid and works in PHP 4 but with PHP 5 there will be a fatal error like : Fatal error: Class 'fubar' not found in .... If there is defined function __autoload() it will be called.