the server, if it has been compiled with Asserts enabled (CVE-2006-0553).
Thanks to Akio Ishida for reporting this problem.

to try to create a log segment file concurrently, but the code erroneously
specified O_EXCL to open(), resulting in a needless failure.  Before 7.4,
it was even a PANIC condition :-(.  Correct code is actually simpler than
what we had, because we can just say O_CREAT to start with and not need a
second open() call.  I believe this accounts for several recent reports of
hard-to-reproduce "could not create file ...: File exists" errors in both
pg_clog and pg_subtrans.

our own command (or more generally, xmin = our xact and cmin >= current
command ID) should not be seen as good.  Else we may try to update rows
we already updated.  This error was inserted last August while fixing the
even bigger problem that the old coding wouldn't see *any* tuples inserted
by our own transaction as good.  Per report from Euler Taveira de Oliveira.

It seems that recent gcc versions can optimize away calls to these functions
even when the functions do not exist on the platform, resulting in a bogus
positive result.  Avoid this by using a non-constant argument and ensuring
that the function result is not simply discarded.  Per report from
François Laupretre.

operator names.  This is needed when dumping operator definitions that have
COMMUTATOR (or similar) links to operators in other schemas.
Apparently Daniel Whitter is the first person ever to try this :-(