1 files changed, 27 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/coverage/backward.py b/coverage/backward.py
index c363f21f..f0a34ac4 100644
--- a/coverage/backward.py
+++ b/coverage/backward.py
@@ -81,3 +81,30 @@ except AttributeError:
         """Open a source file the best way."""
         return open(fname, "rU")
 
+# Python 3.x is picky about bytes and strings, so provide methods to
+# get them right, and make them no-ops in 2.x
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
+    def to_bytes(s):
+        """Convert string `s` to bytes."""
+        return s.encode('utf8')
+
+    def to_string(b):
+        """Convert bytes `b` to a string."""
+        return b.decode('utf8')
+
+else:
+    def to_bytes(s):
+        """Convert string `s` to bytes (no-op in 2.x)."""
+        return s
+
+    def to_string(b):
+        """Convert bytes `b` to a string (no-op in 2.x)."""
+        return b
+
+# Md5 is available in different places.
+try:
+    import hashlib
+    md5 = hashlib.md5
+except ImportError:
+    import md5
+    md5 = md5.new