from __future__ import annotations import logging import re from typing import Any from typing import cast from typing import List from typing import Optional from typing import Sequence from typing import Tuple from typing import TYPE_CHECKING from typing import Union from sqlalchemy import Column from sqlalchemy import Index from sqlalchemy import literal_column from sqlalchemy import Numeric from sqlalchemy import text from sqlalchemy import types as sqltypes from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import BIGINT from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ExcludeConstraint from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INTEGER from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateIndex from sqlalchemy.sql import operators from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import ColumnClause from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import TextClause from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import UnaryExpression from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import FunctionElement from sqlalchemy.types import NULLTYPE from .base import alter_column from .base import alter_table from .base import AlterColumn from .base import ColumnComment from .base import compiles from .base import format_column_name from .base import format_table_name from .base import format_type from .base import IdentityColumnDefault from .base import RenameTable from .impl import DefaultImpl from .. import util from ..autogenerate import render from ..operations import ops from ..operations import schemaobj from ..operations.base import BatchOperations from ..operations.base import Operations from ..util import sqla_compat if TYPE_CHECKING: from typing import Literal from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.array import ARRAY from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.base import PGDDLCompiler from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.hstore import HSTORE from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.json import JSON from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.json import JSONB from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import BinaryExpression from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import ClauseElement from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name from sqlalchemy.sql.schema import MetaData from sqlalchemy.sql.schema import Table from sqlalchemy.sql.type_api import TypeEngine from .base import _ServerDefault from ..autogenerate.api import AutogenContext from ..autogenerate.render import _f_name from ..runtime.migration import MigrationContext log = logging.getLogger(__name__) class PostgresqlImpl(DefaultImpl): __dialect__ = "postgresql" transactional_ddl = True type_synonyms = DefaultImpl.type_synonyms + ( {"FLOAT", "DOUBLE PRECISION"}, ) identity_attrs_ignore = ("on_null", "order") def create_index(self, index): # this likely defaults to None if not present, so get() # should normally not return the default value. being # defensive in any case postgresql_include = index.kwargs.get("postgresql_include", None) or () for col in postgresql_include: if col not in index.table.c: index.table.append_column(Column(col, sqltypes.NullType)) self._exec(CreateIndex(index)) def prep_table_for_batch(self, batch_impl, table): for constraint in table.constraints: if ( constraint.name is not None and constraint.name in batch_impl.named_constraints ): self.drop_constraint(constraint) def compare_server_default( self, inspector_column, metadata_column, rendered_metadata_default, rendered_inspector_default, ): # don't do defaults for SERIAL columns if ( metadata_column.primary_key and metadata_column is metadata_column.table._autoincrement_column ): return False conn_col_default = rendered_inspector_default defaults_equal = conn_col_default == rendered_metadata_default if defaults_equal: return False if None in ( conn_col_default, rendered_metadata_default, metadata_column.server_default, ): return not defaults_equal metadata_default = metadata_column.server_default.arg if isinstance(metadata_default, str): if not isinstance(inspector_column.type, Numeric): metadata_default = re.sub(r"^'|'$", "", metadata_default) metadata_default = f"'{metadata_default}'" metadata_default = literal_column(metadata_default) # run a real compare against the server return not self.connection.scalar( sqla_compat._select( literal_column(conn_col_default) == metadata_default ) ) def alter_column( # type:ignore[override] self, table_name: str, column_name: str, nullable: Optional[bool] = None, server_default: Union[_ServerDefault, Literal[False]] = False, name: Optional[str] = None, type_: Optional[TypeEngine] = None, schema: Optional[str] = None, autoincrement: Optional[bool] = None, existing_type: Optional[TypeEngine] = None, existing_server_default: Optional[_ServerDefault] = None, existing_nullable: Optional[bool] = None, existing_autoincrement: Optional[bool] = None, **kw: Any, ) -> None: using = kw.pop("postgresql_using", None) if using is not None and type_ is None: raise util.CommandError( "postgresql_using must be used with the type_ parameter" ) if type_ is not None: self._exec( PostgresqlColumnType( table_name, column_name, type_, schema=schema, using=using, existing_type=existing_type, existing_server_default=existing_server_default, existing_nullable=existing_nullable, ) ) super().alter_column( table_name, column_name, nullable=nullable, server_default=server_default, name=name, schema=schema, autoincrement=autoincrement, existing_type=existing_type, existing_server_default=existing_server_default, existing_nullable=existing_nullable, existing_autoincrement=existing_autoincrement, **kw, ) def autogen_column_reflect(self, inspector, table, column_info): if column_info.get("default") and isinstance( column_info["type"], (INTEGER, BIGINT) ): seq_match = re.match( r"nextval\('(.+?)'::regclass\)", column_info["default"] ) if seq_match: info = sqla_compat._exec_on_inspector( inspector, text( "select c.relname, a.attname " "from pg_class as c join " "pg_depend d on d.objid=c.oid and " "d.classid='pg_class'::regclass and " "d.refclassid='pg_class'::regclass " "join pg_class t on t.oid=d.refobjid " "join pg_attribute a on a.attrelid=t.oid and " "a.attnum=d.refobjsubid " "where c.relkind='S' and c.relname=:seqname" ), seqname=seq_match.group(1), ).first() if info: seqname, colname = info if colname == column_info["name"]: log.info( "Detected sequence named '%s' as " "owned by integer column '%s(%s)', " "assuming SERIAL and omitting", seqname, table.name, colname, ) # sequence, and the owner is this column, # its a SERIAL - whack it! del column_info["default"] def correct_for_autogen_constraints( self, conn_unique_constraints, conn_indexes, metadata_unique_constraints, metadata_indexes, ): doubled_constraints = { index for index in conn_indexes if index.info.get("duplicates_constraint") } for ix in doubled_constraints: conn_indexes.remove(ix) if not sqla_compat.sqla_2: self._skip_functional_indexes(metadata_indexes, conn_indexes) def _cleanup_index_expr( self, index: Index, expr: str, remove_suffix: str ) -> str: # start = expr expr = expr.lower() expr = expr.replace('"', "") if index.table is not None: # should not be needed, since include_table=False is in compile expr = expr.replace(f"{index.table.name.lower()}.", "") while expr and expr[0] == "(" and expr[-1] == ")": expr = expr[1:-1] if "::" in expr: # strip :: cast. types can have spaces in them expr = re.sub(r"(::[\w ]+\w)", "", expr) if remove_suffix and expr.endswith(remove_suffix): expr = expr[: -len(remove_suffix)] # print(f"START: {start} END: {expr}") return expr def _default_modifiers(self, exp: ClauseElement) -> str: to_remove = "" while isinstance(exp, UnaryExpression): if exp.modifier is None: exp = exp.element else: op = exp.modifier if isinstance(exp.element, UnaryExpression): inner_op = exp.element.modifier else: inner_op = None if inner_op is None: if op == operators.asc_op: # default is asc to_remove = " asc" elif op == operators.nullslast_op: # default is nulls last to_remove = " nulls last" else: if ( inner_op == operators.asc_op and op == operators.nullslast_op ): # default is asc nulls last to_remove = " asc nulls last" elif ( inner_op == operators.desc_op and op == operators.nullsfirst_op ): # default for desc is nulls first to_remove = " nulls first" break return to_remove def create_index_sig(self, index: Index) -> Tuple[Any, ...]: return tuple( self._cleanup_index_expr( index, *( (e, "") if isinstance(e, str) else (self._compile_element(e), self._default_modifiers(e)) ), ) for e in index.expressions ) def _compile_element(self, element: ClauseElement) -> str: return element.compile( dialect=self.dialect, compile_kwargs={"literal_binds": True, "include_table": False}, ).string def render_type( self, type_: TypeEngine, autogen_context: AutogenContext ) -> Union[str, Literal[False]]: mod = type(type_).__module__ if not mod.startswith("sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql"): return False if hasattr(self, "_render_%s_type" % type_.__visit_name__): meth = getattr(self, "_render_%s_type" % type_.__visit_name__) return meth(type_, autogen_context) return False def _render_HSTORE_type( self, type_: HSTORE, autogen_context: AutogenContext ) -> str: return cast( str, render._render_type_w_subtype( type_, autogen_context, "text_type", r"(.+?\(.*text_type=)" ), ) def _render_ARRAY_type( self, type_: ARRAY, autogen_context: AutogenContext ) -> str: return cast( str, render._render_type_w_subtype( type_, autogen_context, "item_type", r"(.+?\()" ), ) def _render_JSON_type( self, type_: JSON, autogen_context: AutogenContext ) -> str: return cast( str, render._render_type_w_subtype( type_, autogen_context, "astext_type", r"(.+?\(.*astext_type=)" ), ) def _render_JSONB_type( self, type_: JSONB, autogen_context: AutogenContext ) -> str: return cast( str, render._render_type_w_subtype( type_, autogen_context, "astext_type", r"(.+?\(.*astext_type=)" ), ) class PostgresqlColumnType(AlterColumn): def __init__( self, name: str, column_name: str, type_: TypeEngine, **kw ) -> None: using = kw.pop("using", None) super().__init__(name, column_name, **kw) self.type_ = sqltypes.to_instance(type_) self.using = using @compiles(RenameTable, "postgresql") def visit_rename_table( element: RenameTable, compiler: PGDDLCompiler, **kw ) -> str: return "%s RENAME TO %s" % ( alter_table(compiler, element.table_name, element.schema), format_table_name(compiler, element.new_table_name, None), ) @compiles(PostgresqlColumnType, "postgresql") def visit_column_type( element: PostgresqlColumnType, compiler: PGDDLCompiler, **kw ) -> str: return "%s %s %s %s" % ( alter_table(compiler, element.table_name, element.schema), alter_column(compiler, element.column_name), "TYPE %s" % format_type(compiler, element.type_), "USING %s" % element.using if element.using else "", ) @compiles(ColumnComment, "postgresql") def visit_column_comment( element: ColumnComment, compiler: PGDDLCompiler, **kw ) -> str: ddl = "COMMENT ON COLUMN {table_name}.{column_name} IS {comment}" comment = ( compiler.sql_compiler.render_literal_value( element.comment, sqltypes.String() ) if element.comment is not None else "NULL" ) return ddl.format( table_name=format_table_name( compiler, element.table_name, element.schema ), column_name=format_column_name(compiler, element.column_name), comment=comment, ) @compiles(IdentityColumnDefault, "postgresql") def visit_identity_column( element: IdentityColumnDefault, compiler: PGDDLCompiler, **kw ): text = "%s %s " % ( alter_table(compiler, element.table_name, element.schema), alter_column(compiler, element.column_name), ) if element.default is None: # drop identity text += "DROP IDENTITY" return text elif element.existing_server_default is None: # add identity options text += "ADD " text += compiler.visit_identity_column(element.default) return text else: # alter identity diff, _, _ = element.impl._compare_identity_default( element.default, element.existing_server_default ) identity = element.default for attr in sorted(diff): if attr == "always": text += "SET GENERATED %s " % ( "ALWAYS" if identity.always else "BY DEFAULT" ) else: text += "SET %s " % compiler.get_identity_options( sqla_compat.Identity(**{attr: getattr(identity, attr)}) ) return text @Operations.register_operation("create_exclude_constraint") @BatchOperations.register_operation( "create_exclude_constraint", "batch_create_exclude_constraint" ) @ops.AddConstraintOp.register_add_constraint("exclude_constraint") class CreateExcludeConstraintOp(ops.AddConstraintOp): """Represent a create exclude constraint operation.""" constraint_type = "exclude" def __init__( self, constraint_name: sqla_compat._ConstraintName, table_name: Union[str, quoted_name], elements: Union[ Sequence[Tuple[str, str]], Sequence[Tuple[ColumnClause[Any], str]], ], where: Optional[Union[BinaryExpression, str]] = None, schema: Optional[str] = None, _orig_constraint: Optional[ExcludeConstraint] = None, **kw, ) -> None: self.constraint_name = constraint_name self.table_name = table_name self.elements = elements self.where = where self.schema = schema self._orig_constraint = _orig_constraint self.kw = kw @classmethod def from_constraint( # type:ignore[override] cls, constraint: ExcludeConstraint ) -> CreateExcludeConstraintOp: constraint_table = sqla_compat._table_for_constraint(constraint) return cls( constraint.name, constraint_table.name, [ (expr, op) for expr, name, op in constraint._render_exprs # type:ignore[attr-defined] # noqa ], where=cast( "Optional[Union[BinaryExpression, str]]", constraint.where ), schema=constraint_table.schema, _orig_constraint=constraint, deferrable=constraint.deferrable, initially=constraint.initially, using=constraint.using, ) def to_constraint( self, migration_context: Optional[MigrationContext] = None ) -> ExcludeConstraint: if self._orig_constraint is not None: return self._orig_constraint schema_obj = schemaobj.SchemaObjects(migration_context) t = schema_obj.table(self.table_name, schema=self.schema) excl = ExcludeConstraint( *self.elements, name=self.constraint_name, where=self.where, **self.kw, ) for ( expr, name, oper, ) in excl._render_exprs: # type:ignore[attr-defined] t.append_column(Column(name, NULLTYPE)) t.append_constraint(excl) return excl @classmethod def create_exclude_constraint( cls, operations: Operations, constraint_name: str, table_name: str, *elements: Any, **kw: Any, ) -> Optional[Table]: """Issue an alter to create an EXCLUDE constraint using the current migration context. .. note:: This method is Postgresql specific, and additionally requires at least SQLAlchemy 1.0. e.g.:: from alembic import op op.create_exclude_constraint( "user_excl", "user", ("period", "&&"), ("group", "="), where=("group != 'some group'"), ) Note that the expressions work the same way as that of the ``ExcludeConstraint`` object itself; if plain strings are passed, quoting rules must be applied manually. :param name: Name of the constraint. :param table_name: String name of the source table. :param elements: exclude conditions. :param where: SQL expression or SQL string with optional WHERE clause. :param deferrable: optional bool. If set, emit DEFERRABLE or NOT DEFERRABLE when issuing DDL for this constraint. :param initially: optional string. If set, emit INITIALLY when issuing DDL for this constraint. :param schema: Optional schema name to operate within. """ op = cls(constraint_name, table_name, elements, **kw) return operations.invoke(op) @classmethod def batch_create_exclude_constraint( cls, operations: BatchOperations, constraint_name: str, *elements: Any, **kw: Any, ): """Issue a "create exclude constraint" instruction using the current batch migration context. .. note:: This method is Postgresql specific, and additionally requires at least SQLAlchemy 1.0. .. seealso:: :meth:`.Operations.create_exclude_constraint` """ kw["schema"] = operations.impl.schema op = cls(constraint_name, operations.impl.table_name, elements, **kw) return operations.invoke(op) @render.renderers.dispatch_for(CreateExcludeConstraintOp) def _add_exclude_constraint( autogen_context: AutogenContext, op: CreateExcludeConstraintOp ) -> str: return _exclude_constraint(op.to_constraint(), autogen_context, alter=True) @render._constraint_renderers.dispatch_for(ExcludeConstraint) def _render_inline_exclude_constraint( constraint: ExcludeConstraint, autogen_context: AutogenContext, namespace_metadata: MetaData, ) -> str: rendered = render._user_defined_render( "exclude", constraint, autogen_context ) if rendered is not False: return rendered return _exclude_constraint(constraint, autogen_context, False) def _postgresql_autogenerate_prefix(autogen_context: AutogenContext) -> str: imports = autogen_context.imports if imports is not None: imports.add("from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql") return "postgresql." def _exclude_constraint( constraint: ExcludeConstraint, autogen_context: AutogenContext, alter: bool, ) -> str: opts: List[Tuple[str, Union[quoted_name, str, _f_name, None]]] = [] has_batch = autogen_context._has_batch if constraint.deferrable: opts.append(("deferrable", str(constraint.deferrable))) if constraint.initially: opts.append(("initially", str(constraint.initially))) if constraint.using: opts.append(("using", str(constraint.using))) if not has_batch and alter and constraint.table.schema: opts.append(("schema", render._ident(constraint.table.schema))) if not alter and constraint.name: opts.append( ("name", render._render_gen_name(autogen_context, constraint.name)) ) def do_expr_where_opts(): args = [ "(%s, %r)" % ( _render_potential_column(sqltext, autogen_context), opstring, ) for sqltext, name, opstring in constraint._render_exprs # type:ignore[attr-defined] # noqa ] if constraint.where is not None: args.append( "where=%s" % render._render_potential_expr( constraint.where, autogen_context ) ) args.extend(["%s=%r" % (k, v) for k, v in opts]) return args if alter: args = [ repr(render._render_gen_name(autogen_context, constraint.name)) ] if not has_batch: args += [repr(render._ident(constraint.table.name))] args.extend(do_expr_where_opts()) return "%(prefix)screate_exclude_constraint(%(args)s)" % { "prefix": render._alembic_autogenerate_prefix(autogen_context), "args": ", ".join(args), } else: args = do_expr_where_opts() return "%(prefix)sExcludeConstraint(%(args)s)" % { "prefix": _postgresql_autogenerate_prefix(autogen_context), "args": ", ".join(args), } def _render_potential_column( value: Union[ ColumnClause[Any], Column[Any], TextClause, FunctionElement[Any] ], autogen_context: AutogenContext, ) -> str: if isinstance(value, ColumnClause): if value.is_literal: # like literal_column("int8range(from, to)") in ExcludeConstraint template = "%(prefix)sliteral_column(%(name)r)" else: template = "%(prefix)scolumn(%(name)r)" return template % { "prefix": render._sqlalchemy_autogenerate_prefix(autogen_context), "name": value.name, } else: return render._render_potential_expr( value, autogen_context, wrap_in_text=isinstance(value, (TextClause, FunctionElement)), )