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"""
MySQL database backend for Django.
Requires MySQLdb: http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python
"""
from django.db.backends import BaseDatabaseWrapper, BaseDatabaseFeatures, BaseDatabaseOperations, util
from django.utils.encoding import force_unicode
try:
import MySQLdb as Database
except ImportError, e:
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
from MySQLdb.converters import conversions
from MySQLdb.constants import FIELD_TYPE
import types
import re
DatabaseError = Database.DatabaseError
IntegrityError = Database.IntegrityError
django_conversions = conversions.copy()
django_conversions.update({
types.BooleanType: util.rev_typecast_boolean,
FIELD_TYPE.DATETIME: util.typecast_timestamp,
FIELD_TYPE.DATE: util.typecast_date,
FIELD_TYPE.TIME: util.typecast_time,
FIELD_TYPE.DECIMAL: util.typecast_decimal,
FIELD_TYPE.STRING: force_unicode,
FIELD_TYPE.VAR_STRING: force_unicode,
# Note: We don't add a convertor for BLOB here. Doesn't seem to be required.
})
# This should match the numerical portion of the version numbers (we can treat
# versions like 5.0.24 and 5.0.24a as the same). Based on the list of version
# at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/news.html and
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/news.html .
server_version_re = re.compile(r'(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})')
# This is an extra debug layer over MySQL queries, to display warnings.
# It's only used when DEBUG=True.
class MysqlDebugWrapper:
def __init__(self, cursor):
self.cursor = cursor
def execute(self, sql, params=()):
try:
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
except Database.Warning, w:
self.cursor.execute("SHOW WARNINGS")
raise Database.Warning("%s: %s" % (w, self.cursor.fetchall()))
def executemany(self, sql, param_list):
try:
return self.cursor.executemany(sql, param_list)
except Database.Warning, w:
self.cursor.execute("SHOW WARNINGS")
raise Database.Warning("%s: %s" % (w, self.cursor.fetchall()))
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr in self.__dict__:
return self.__dict__[attr]
else:
return getattr(self.cursor, attr)
class DatabaseFeatures(BaseDatabaseFeatures):
autoindexes_primary_keys = False
inline_fk_references = False
empty_fetchmany_value = ()
class DatabaseOperations(BaseDatabaseOperations):
def date_extract_sql(self, lookup_type, field_name):
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/date-and-time-functions.html
return "EXTRACT(%s FROM %s)" % (lookup_type.upper(), field_name)
def date_trunc_sql(self, lookup_type, field_name):
fields = ['year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second']
format = ('%%Y-', '%%m', '-%%d', ' %%H:', '%%i', ':%%s') # Use double percents to escape.
format_def = ('0000-', '01', '-01', ' 00:', '00', ':00')
try:
i = fields.index(lookup_type) + 1
except ValueError:
sql = field_name
else:
format_str = ''.join([f for f in format[:i]] + [f for f in format_def[i:]])
sql = "CAST(DATE_FORMAT(%s, '%s') AS DATETIME)" % (field_name, format_str)
return sql
def drop_foreignkey_sql(self):
return "DROP FOREIGN KEY"
def fulltext_search_sql(self, field_name):
return 'MATCH (%s) AGAINST (%%s IN BOOLEAN MODE)' % field_name
def limit_offset_sql(self, limit, offset=None):
# 'LIMIT 20,40'
sql = "LIMIT "
if offset and offset != 0:
sql += "%s," % offset
return sql + str(limit)
def no_limit_value(self):
# 2**64 - 1, as recommended by the MySQL documentation
return 18446744073709551615L
def quote_name(self, name):
if name.startswith("`") and name.endswith("`"):
return name # Quoting once is enough.
return "`%s`" % name
def random_function_sql(self):
return 'RAND()'
def sql_flush(self, style, tables, sequences):
# NB: The generated SQL below is specific to MySQL
# 'TRUNCATE x;', 'TRUNCATE y;', 'TRUNCATE z;'... style SQL statements
# to clear all tables of all data
if tables:
sql = ['SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;']
for table in tables:
sql.append('%s %s;' % (style.SQL_KEYWORD('TRUNCATE'), style.SQL_FIELD(self.quote_name(table))))
sql.append('SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;')
# 'ALTER TABLE table AUTO_INCREMENT = 1;'... style SQL statements
# to reset sequence indices
sql.extend(["%s %s %s %s %s;" % \
(style.SQL_KEYWORD('ALTER'),
style.SQL_KEYWORD('TABLE'),
style.SQL_TABLE(self.quote_name(sequence['table'])),
style.SQL_KEYWORD('AUTO_INCREMENT'),
style.SQL_FIELD('= 1'),
) for sequence in sequences])
return sql
else:
return []
class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
features = DatabaseFeatures()
ops = DatabaseOperations()
operators = {
'exact': '= %s',
'iexact': 'LIKE %s',
'contains': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
'icontains': 'LIKE %s',
'regex': 'REGEXP BINARY %s',
'iregex': 'REGEXP %s',
'gt': '> %s',
'gte': '>= %s',
'lt': '< %s',
'lte': '<= %s',
'startswith': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
'endswith': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
'istartswith': 'LIKE %s',
'iendswith': 'LIKE %s',
}
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(DatabaseWrapper, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.server_version = None
def _valid_connection(self):
if self.connection is not None:
try:
self.connection.ping()
return True
except DatabaseError:
self.connection.close()
self.connection = None
return False
def _cursor(self, settings):
if not self._valid_connection():
kwargs = {
# Note: use_unicode intentonally not set to work around some
# backwards-compat issues. We do it manually.
'user': settings.DATABASE_USER,
'db': settings.DATABASE_NAME,
'passwd': settings.DATABASE_PASSWORD,
'conv': django_conversions,
}
if settings.DATABASE_HOST.startswith('/'):
kwargs['unix_socket'] = settings.DATABASE_HOST
else:
kwargs['host'] = settings.DATABASE_HOST
if settings.DATABASE_PORT:
kwargs['port'] = int(settings.DATABASE_PORT)
kwargs.update(self.options)
self.connection = Database.connect(**kwargs)
cursor = self.connection.cursor()
if self.connection.get_server_info() >= '4.1' and not self.connection.character_set_name().startswith('utf8'):
if hasattr(self.connection, 'charset'):
# MySQLdb < 1.2.1 backwards-compat hacks.
conn = self.connection
cursor.execute("SET NAMES 'utf8'")
cursor.execute("SET CHARACTER SET 'utf8'")
to_str = lambda u, dummy=None, c=conn: c.literal(u.encode('utf-8'))
conn.converter[unicode] = to_str
else:
self.connection.set_character_set('utf8')
else:
cursor = self.connection.cursor()
return cursor
def make_debug_cursor(self, cursor):
return BaseDatabaseWrapper.make_debug_cursor(self, MysqlDebugWrapper(cursor))
def _rollback(self):
try:
BaseDatabaseWrapper._rollback(self)
except Database.NotSupportedError:
pass
def get_server_version(self):
if not self.server_version:
if not self._valid_connection():
self.cursor()
m = server_version_re.match(self.connection.get_server_info())
if not m:
raise Exception('Unable to determine MySQL version from version string %r' % self.connection.get_server_info())
self.server_version = tuple([int(x) for x in m.groups()])
return self.server_version
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