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# (c) 2005 Ian Bicking and contributors
# This module is part of the Python Paste Project and is released under
# the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
"""
This module provides helper routines with work directly on a WSGI
environment to solve common requirements.
* get_cookies(environ)
* parse_querystring(environ)
* parse_formvars(environ, all_as_list=False, include_get_vars=True)
* construct_url(environ, with_query_string=True, with_path_info=True,
script_name=None, path_info=None, querystring=None)
* path_info_split(path_info)
* path_info_pop(environ)
"""
import cgi
from Cookie import SimpleCookie
__all__ = ['get_cookies', 'parse_querystring', 'parse_formvars',
'construct_url', 'path_info_split', 'path_info_pop']
def get_cookies(environ):
"""
Gets a cookie object (which is a dictionary-like object) from the
request environment; caches this value in case get_cookies is
called again for the same request.
"""
header = environ.get('HTTP_COOKIE', '')
if environ.has_key('paste.cookies'):
cookies, check_header = environ['paste.cookies']
if check_header == header:
return cookies
cookies = SimpleCookie()
cookies.load(header)
environ['paste.cookies'] = (cookies, header)
return cookies
def parse_querystring(environ):
"""
Parses a query string into a list like ``[(name, value)]``.
Caches this value in case parse_querystring is called again
for the same request.
You can pass the result to ``dict()``, but be aware that keys that
appear multiple times will be lost (only the last value will be
preserved).
"""
source = environ.get('QUERY_STRING', '')
if not source:
return []
if 'paste.parsed_querystring' in environ:
parsed, check_source = environ['paste.parsed_querystring']
if check_source == source:
return parsed
parsed = cgi.parse_qsl(source, keep_blank_values=True,
strict_parsing=False)
environ['paste.parsed_querystring'] = (parsed, source)
return parsed
def parse_formvars(environ, all_as_list=False, include_get_vars=True):
"""
Parses the request, returning a dictionary of the keys.
If ``all_as_list`` is true, then all values will be lists. If
not, then only values that show up multiple times will be lists.
If ``include_get_vars`` is true and this was a POST request, then
GET (query string) variables will also be folded into the
dictionary.
All values should be strings, except for file uploads which are
left as FieldStorage instances.
"""
source = (environ.get('QUERY_STRING', ''),
environ['wsgi.input'], environ['REQUEST_METHOD'],
all_as_list, include_get_vars)
if 'paste.parsed_formvars' in environ:
parsed, check_source = environ['paste.parsed_formvars']
if check_source == source:
return parsed
fs = cgi.FieldStorage(fp=environ['wsgi.input'],
environ=environ,
keep_blank_values=1)
formvars = {}
for name in fs.keys():
values = fs[name]
if not isinstance(values, list):
values = [values]
for value in values:
if not value.filename:
value = value.value
if name in formvars:
if isinstance(formvars[name], list):
formvars[name].append(value)
else:
formvars[name] = [formvars[name], value]
elif all_as_list:
formvars[name] = [value]
else:
formvars[name] = value
if environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' and include_get_vars:
for name, value in parse_querystring(environ):
if name in formvars:
if isinstance(formvars[name], list):
formvars[name].append(value)
else:
formvars[name] = [formvars[name], value]
elif all_as_list:
formvars[name] = [value]
else:
formvars[name] = value
environ['paste.parsed_formvars'] = (formvars, source)
return formvars
def construct_url(environ, with_query_string=True, with_path_info=True,
script_name=None, path_info=None, querystring=None):
"""
Reconstructs the URL from the WSGI environment. You may override
SCRIPT_NAME, PATH_INFO, and QUERYSTRING with the keyword
arguments.
"""
url = environ['wsgi.url_scheme']+'://'
if environ.get('HTTP_HOST'):
url += environ['HTTP_HOST'].split(':')[0]
else:
url += environ['SERVER_NAME']
if environ['wsgi.url_scheme'] == 'https':
if environ['SERVER_PORT'] != '443':
url += ':' + environ['SERVER_PORT']
else:
if environ['SERVER_PORT'] != '80':
url += ':' + environ['SERVER_PORT']
if script_name is None:
url += environ.get('SCRIPT_NAME','')
else:
url += script_name
if with_path_info:
if path_info is None:
url += environ.get('PATH_INFO','')
else:
url += path_info
if with_query_string:
if querystring is None:
if environ.get('QUERY_STRING'):
url += '?' + environ['QUERY_STRING']
elif querystring:
url += '?' + querystring
return url
def path_info_split(path_info):
"""
Splits off the first segment of the path. Returns (first_part,
rest_of_path). first_part can be None (if PATH_INFO is empty), ''
(if PATH_INFO is '/'), or a name without any /'s. rest_of_path
can be '' or a string starting with /.
"""
if not path_info:
return None, ''
assert path_info.startswith('/'), (
"PATH_INFO should start with /: %r" % path_info)
path_info = path_info.lstrip('/')
if '/' in path_info:
first, rest = path_info.split('/', 1)
return first, '/' + rest
else:
return path_info, ''
def path_info_pop(environ):
"""
'Pops' off the next segment of PATH_INFO, pushing it onto
SCRIPT_NAME, and returning that segment.
For instance::
>>> def call_it(script_name, path_info):
... env = {'SCRIPT_NAME': script_name, 'PATH_INFO': path_info}
... result = path_info_pop(env)
... print 'SCRIPT_NAME=%r; PATH_INFO=%r; returns=%r' % (
... env['SCRIPT_NAME'], env['PATH_INFO'], result)
>>> call_it('/foo', '/bar')
SCRIPT_NAME='/foo/bar'; PATH_INFO=''; returns='bar'
>>> call_it('/foo/bar', '')
SCRIPT_NAME='/foo/bar'; PATH_INFO=''; returns=None
>>> call_it('/foo/bar', '/')
SCRIPT_NAME='/foo/bar/'; PATH_INFO=''; returns=''
>>> call_it('', '/1/2/3')
SCRIPT_NAME='/1'; PATH_INFO='/2/3'; returns='1'
>>> call_it('', '//1/2')
SCRIPT_NAME='//1'; PATH_INFO='/2'; returns='1'
"""
path = environ.get('PATH_INFO', '')
if not path:
return None
while path.startswith('/'):
environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] += '/'
path = path[1:]
if '/' not in path:
environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] += path
environ['PATH_INFO'] = ''
return path
else:
segment, path = path.split('/', 1)
environ['PATH_INFO'] = '/' + path
environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] += segment
return segment
_parse_headers_special = {
# This is a Zope convention, but we'll allow it here:
'HTTP_CGI_AUTHORIZATION': 'Authorization',
'CONTENT_LENGTH': 'Content-Length',
'CONTENT_TYPE': 'Content-Type',
}
def parse_headers(environ):
"""
Parse the headers in the environment (like ``HTTP_HOST``) and
yield a sequence of those (header_name, value) tuples.
"""
# @@: Maybe should parse out comma-separated headers?
for cgi_var, value in environ.iteritems():
if cgi_var in _parse_headers_special:
yield _parse_headers_special[cgi_var], value
elif cgi_var.startswith('HTTP_'):
yield cgi_var[5:].title().replace('_', '-'), value
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
|
