Drop support for EOL Python 2.7

34 files changed, 100 insertions, 674 deletions

diff --git a/.appveyor.yml b/.appveyor.yml
index 0a1603b..a6c0777 100644
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ b/.appveyor.yml
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ environment:
         - {APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015, PY_VER: "37", PY_ARCH: "64"}
         - {APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015, PY_VER: "36", PY_ARCH: "32"}
         - {APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015, PY_VER: "36", PY_ARCH: "64"}
-        - {APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015, PY_VER: "27", PY_ARCH: "32"}
-        - {APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015, PY_VER: "27", PY_ARCH: "64"}
 
     OPENSSL_VERSION: "1_1_1h"
     POSTGRES_VERSION: "11_4"
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 84dd605..dc615b4 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -13,10 +13,6 @@ python:
   - 3.7
   - 3.8
 
-matrix:
-  include:
-    - python: 2.7
-
 install:
   - sudo apt-get install -y bc
   - pip install -U pip setuptools wheel
diff --git a/lib/_ipaddress.py b/lib/_ipaddress.py
index 9350c8d..4094c27 100644
--- a/lib/_ipaddress.py
+++ b/lib/_ipaddress.py
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 from psycopg2.extensions import (
     new_type, new_array_type, register_type, register_adapter, QuotedString)
-from psycopg2.compat import text_type
 
 # The module is imported on register_ipaddress
 ipaddress = None
@@ -78,13 +77,13 @@ def cast_interface(s, cur=None):
     if s is None:
         return None
     # Py2 version force the use of unicode. meh.
-    return ipaddress.ip_interface(text_type(s))
+    return ipaddress.ip_interface(str(s))
 
 
 def cast_network(s, cur=None):
     if s is None:
         return None
-    return ipaddress.ip_network(text_type(s))
+    return ipaddress.ip_network(str(s))
 
 
 def adapt_ipaddress(obj):
diff --git a/lib/_json.py b/lib/_json.py
index eac3797..e5958b9 100644
--- a/lib/_json.py
+++ b/lib/_json.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ import json
 
 from psycopg2._psycopg import ISQLQuote, QuotedString
 from psycopg2._psycopg import new_type, new_array_type, register_type
-from psycopg2.compat import PY2
 
 
 # oids from PostgreSQL 9.2
@@ -82,13 +81,9 @@ class Json(object):
             qs.prepare(self._conn)
         return qs.getquoted()
 
-    if PY2:
-        def __str__(self):
-            return self.getquoted()
-    else:
-        def __str__(self):
-            # getquoted is binary in Py3
-            return self.getquoted().decode('ascii', 'replace')
+    def __str__(self):
+        # getquoted is binary
+        return self.getquoted().decode('ascii', 'replace')
 
 
 def register_json(conn_or_curs=None, globally=False, loads=None,
diff --git a/lib/_range.py b/lib/_range.py
index b668fb6..499f501 100644
--- a/lib/_range.py
+++ b/lib/_range.py
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import re
 from psycopg2._psycopg import ProgrammingError, InterfaceError
 from psycopg2.extensions import ISQLQuote, adapt, register_adapter
 from psycopg2.extensions import new_type, new_array_type, register_type
-from psycopg2.compat import string_types
 
 
 class Range(object):
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ class RangeCaster(object):
         # an implementation detail and is not documented. It is currently used
         # for the numeric ranges.
         self.adapter = None
-        if isinstance(pgrange, string_types):
+        if isinstance(pgrange, str):
             self.adapter = type(pgrange, (RangeAdapter,), {})
             self.adapter.name = pgrange
         else:
@@ -332,7 +331,7 @@ class RangeCaster(object):
 
         self.range = None
         try:
-            if isinstance(pyrange, string_types):
+            if isinstance(pyrange, str):
                 self.range = type(pyrange, (Range,), {})
             if issubclass(pyrange, Range) and pyrange is not Range:
                 self.range = pyrange
diff --git a/lib/compat.py b/lib/compat.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 54606a8..0000000
--- a/lib/compat.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-import sys
-
-__all__ = ['string_types', 'text_type', 'lru_cache']
-
-if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
-    # Python 2
-    PY2 = True
-    PY3 = False
-    string_types = basestring,
-    text_type = unicode
-    from ._lru_cache import lru_cache
-
-else:
-    # Python 3
-    PY2 = False
-    PY3 = True
-    string_types = str,
-    text_type = str
-    from functools import lru_cache
diff --git a/lib/extras.py b/lib/extras.py
index 135a3fb..3b42be7 100644
--- a/lib/extras.py
+++ b/lib/extras.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ from psycopg2 import extensions as _ext
 from .extensions import cursor as _cursor
 from .extensions import connection as _connection
 from .extensions import adapt as _A, quote_ident
-from .compat import PY2, PY3, lru_cache
+from functools import lru_cache
 
 from psycopg2._psycopg import (                             # noqa
     REPLICATION_PHYSICAL, REPLICATION_LOGICAL,
@@ -210,21 +210,6 @@ class DictRow(list):
         self[:] = data[0]
         self._index = data[1]
 
-    if PY2:
-        iterkeys = keys
-        itervalues = values
-        iteritems = items
-        has_key = __contains__
-
-        def keys(self):
-            return list(self.iterkeys())
-
-        def values(self):
-            return tuple(self.itervalues())
-
-        def items(self):
-            return list(self.iteritems())
-
 
 class RealDictConnection(_connection):
     """A connection that uses `RealDictCursor` automatically."""
@@ -436,7 +421,7 @@ class LoggingConnection(_connection):
     def _logtofile(self, msg, curs):
         msg = self.filter(msg, curs)
         if msg:
-            if PY3 and isinstance(msg, bytes):
+            if isinstance(msg, bytes):
                 msg = msg.decode(_ext.encodings[self.encoding], 'replace')
             self._logobj.write(msg + _os.linesep)
 
@@ -490,7 +475,7 @@ class MinTimeLoggingConnection(LoggingConnection):
     def filter(self, msg, curs):
         t = (_time.time() - curs.timestamp) * 1000
         if t > self._mintime:
-            if PY3 and isinstance(msg, bytes):
+            if isinstance(msg, bytes):
                 msg = msg.decode(_ext.encodings[self.encoding], 'replace')
             return msg + _os.linesep + "  (execution time: %d ms)" % t
 
@@ -993,12 +978,7 @@ def register_hstore(conn_or_curs, globally=False, unicode=False,
             array_oid = tuple([x for x in array_oid if x])
 
     # create and register the typecaster
-    if PY2 and unicode:
-        cast = HstoreAdapter.parse_unicode
-    else:
-        cast = HstoreAdapter.parse
-
-    HSTORE = _ext.new_type(oid, "HSTORE", cast)
+    HSTORE = _ext.new_type(oid, "HSTORE", HstoreAdapter.parse)
     _ext.register_type(HSTORE, not globally and conn_or_curs or None)
     _ext.register_adapter(dict, HstoreAdapter)
 
diff --git a/lib/sql.py b/lib/sql.py
index 6883452..2077267 100644
--- a/lib/sql.py
+++ b/lib/sql.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 import string
 
 from psycopg2 import extensions as ext
-from psycopg2.compat import PY3, string_types
 
 
 _formatter = string.Formatter()
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ class Composed(Composable):
             "foo", "bar"
 
         """
-        if isinstance(joiner, string_types):
+        if isinstance(joiner, str):
             joiner = SQL(joiner)
         elif not isinstance(joiner, SQL):
             raise TypeError(
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ class SQL(Composable):
         select "foo", "bar" from "table"
     """
     def __init__(self, string):
-        if not isinstance(string, string_types):
+        if not isinstance(string, str):
             raise TypeError("SQL values must be strings")
         super(SQL, self).__init__(string)
 
@@ -324,7 +323,7 @@ class Identifier(Composable):
             raise TypeError("Identifier cannot be empty")
 
         for s in strings:
-            if not isinstance(s, string_types):
+            if not isinstance(s, str):
                 raise TypeError("SQL identifier parts must be strings")
 
         super(Identifier, self).__init__(strings)
@@ -392,7 +391,7 @@ class Literal(Composable):
             a.prepare(conn)
 
         rv = a.getquoted()
-        if PY3 and isinstance(rv, bytes):
+        if isinstance(rv, bytes):
             rv = rv.decode(ext.encodings[conn.encoding])
 
         return rv
@@ -426,7 +425,7 @@ class Placeholder(Composable):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, name=None):
-        if isinstance(name, string_types):
+        if isinstance(name, str):
             if ')' in name:
                 raise ValueError("invalid name: %r" % name)
 
diff --git a/psycopg/adapter_asis.c b/psycopg/adapter_asis.c
index d0cb505..49240bd 100644
--- a/psycopg/adapter_asis.c
+++ b/psycopg/adapter_asis.c
@@ -45,14 +45,12 @@ asis_getquoted(asisObject *self, PyObject *args)
     }
     else {
         rv = PyObject_Str(self->wrapped);
-#if PY_3
-        /* unicode to bytes in Py3 */
+        /* unicode to bytes */
         if (rv) {
             PyObject *tmp = PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(rv);
             Py_DECREF(rv);
             rv = tmp;
         }
-#endif
     }
 
     return rv;
diff --git a/psycopg/adapter_binary.c b/psycopg/adapter_binary.c
index 693ce31..f6f7cdd 100644
--- a/psycopg/adapter_binary.c
+++ b/psycopg/adapter_binary.c
@@ -76,15 +76,6 @@ binary_quote(binaryObject *self)
         buffer_len = view.len;
     }
 
-#if PY_2
-    if (!buffer && (Bytes_Check(self->wrapped) || PyBuffer_Check(self->wrapped))) {
-        if (PyObject_AsReadBuffer(self->wrapped, (const void **)&buffer,
-                                  &buffer_len) < 0) {
-            goto exit;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
     if (!buffer) {
         goto exit;
     }
diff --git a/psycopg/adapter_pdecimal.c b/psycopg/adapter_pdecimal.c
index f42fdef..a178f88 100644
--- a/psycopg/adapter_pdecimal.c
+++ b/psycopg/adapter_pdecimal.c
@@ -81,8 +81,7 @@ pdecimal_getquoted(pdecimalObject *self, PyObject *args)
     /* res may be unicode and may suffer for issue #57 */
 output:
 
-#if PY_3
-    /* unicode to bytes in Py3 */
+    /* unicode to bytes */
     {
         PyObject *tmp = PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(res);
         Py_DECREF(res);
@@ -90,7 +89,6 @@ output:
             goto end;
         }
     }
-#endif
 
     if ('-' == Bytes_AS_STRING(res)[0]) {
         /* Prepend a space in front of negative numbers (ticket #57) */
diff --git a/psycopg/adapter_pfloat.c b/psycopg/adapter_pfloat.c
index 2243633..e72e7f1 100644
--- a/psycopg/adapter_pfloat.c
+++ b/psycopg/adapter_pfloat.c
@@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ pfloat_getquoted(pfloatObject *self, PyObject *args)
             goto exit;
         }
 
-#if PY_3
-        /* unicode to bytes in Py3 */
+        /* unicode to bytes */
         {
             PyObject *tmp = PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(rv);
             Py_DECREF(rv);
@@ -63,7 +62,6 @@ pfloat_getquoted(pfloatObject *self, PyObject *args)
                 goto exit;
             }
         }
-#endif
 
         if ('-' == Bytes_AS_STRING(rv)[0]) {
             /* Prepend a space in front of negative numbers (ticket #57) */
diff --git a/psycopg/adapter_pint.c b/psycopg/adapter_pint.c
index 2784759..63bfae5 100644
--- a/psycopg/adapter_pint.c
+++ b/psycopg/adapter_pint.c
@@ -40,11 +40,7 @@ pint_getquoted(pintObject *self, PyObject *args)
 
     /* Convert subclass to int to handle IntEnum and other subclasses
      * whose str() is not the number. */
-    if (PyLong_CheckExact(self->wrapped)
-#if PY_2
-        || PyInt_CheckExact(self->wrapped)
-#endif
-       ) {
+    if (PyLong_CheckExact(self->wrapped)) {
         res = PyObject_Str(self->wrapped);
     } else {
         PyObject *tmp;
@@ -60,8 +56,7 @@ pint_getquoted(pintObject *self, PyObject *args)
         goto exit;
     }
 
-#if PY_3
-    /* unicode to bytes in Py3 */
+    /* unicode to bytes */
     {
         PyObject *tmp = PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(res);
         Py_DECREF(res);
@@ -69,7 +64,6 @@ pint_getquoted(pintObject *self, PyObject *args)
             goto exit;
         }
     }
-#endif
 
     if ('-' == Bytes_AS_STRING(res)[0]) {
         /* Prepend a space in front of negative numbers (ticket #57) */
diff --git a/psycopg/lobject_int.c b/psycopg/lobject_int.c
index 71a8bfb..cf17721 100644
--- a/psycopg/lobject_int.c
+++ b/psycopg/lobject_int.c
@@ -85,11 +85,7 @@ _lobject_parse_mode(const char *mode)
             pos += 1;
             break;
         default:
-#if PY_2
-            rv |= LOBJECT_BINARY;
-#else
             rv |= LOBJECT_TEXT;
-#endif
             break;
     }
 
diff --git a/psycopg/microprotocols.c b/psycopg/microprotocols.c
index 19408fe..4600bd4 100644
--- a/psycopg/microprotocols.c
+++ b/psycopg/microprotocols.c
@@ -92,11 +92,7 @@ _get_superclass_adapter(PyObject *obj, PyObject *proto)
     Py_ssize_t i, ii;
 
     type = Py_TYPE(obj);
-    if (!(
-#if PY_2
-        (Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS & type->tp_flags) &&
-#endif
-        type->tp_mro)) {
+    if (!(type->tp_mro)) {
         /* has no mro */
         return Py_None;
     }
diff --git a/psycopg/psycopgmodule.c b/psycopg/psycopgmodule.c
index 36fd1f9..9aebfb8 100644
--- a/psycopg/psycopgmodule.c
+++ b/psycopg/psycopgmodule.c
@@ -309,11 +309,6 @@ adapters_init(PyObject *module)
     if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyFloat_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&pfloatType)) {
         goto exit;
     }
-#if PY_2
-    if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyInt_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&pintType)) {
-        goto exit;
-    }
-#endif
     if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyLong_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&pintType)) {
         goto exit;
     }
@@ -322,25 +317,14 @@ adapters_init(PyObject *module)
     }
 
     /* strings */
-#if PY_2
-    if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyString_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&qstringType)) {
-        goto exit;
-    }
-#endif
     if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyUnicode_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&qstringType)) {
         goto exit;
     }
 
     /* binary */
-#if PY_2
-    if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyBuffer_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&binaryType)) {
-        goto exit;
-    }
-#else
     if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyBytes_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&binaryType)) {
         goto exit;
     }
-#endif
 
     if (0 > microprotocols_add(&PyByteArray_Type, NULL, (PyObject*)&binaryType)) {
         goto exit;
@@ -1049,7 +1033,6 @@ static PyMethodDef psycopgMethods[] = {
     {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}        /* Sentinel */
 };
 
-#if PY_3
 static struct PyModuleDef psycopgmodule = {
         PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
         "_psycopg",
@@ -1061,7 +1044,6 @@ static struct PyModuleDef psycopgmodule = {
         NULL,
         NULL
 };
-#endif
 
 #ifndef PyMODINIT_FUNC	/* declarations for DLL import/export */
 #define PyMODINIT_FUNC void
@@ -1095,11 +1077,7 @@ INIT_MODULE(_psycopg)(void)
     if (!(psyco_null = Bytes_FromString("NULL"))) { goto exit; }
 
     /* initialize the module */
-#if PY_2
-    module = Py_InitModule("_psycopg", psycopgMethods);
-#else
     module = PyModule_Create(&psycopgmodule);
-#endif
     if (!module) { goto exit; }
 
     if (0 > add_module_constants(module)) { goto exit; }
@@ -1115,9 +1093,5 @@ INIT_MODULE(_psycopg)(void)
     Dprintf("psycopgmodule: module initialization complete");
 
 exit:
-#if PY_3
     return module;
-#else
-    return;
-#endif
 }
diff --git a/psycopg/python.h b/psycopg/python.h
index c142de4..7be45bd 100644
--- a/psycopg/python.h
+++ b/psycopg/python.h
@@ -27,30 +27,11 @@
 #ifndef PSYCOPG_PYTHON_H
 #define PSYCOPG_PYTHON_H 1
 
-#define PY_2 (PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 2)
-#define PY_3 (PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 3)
-
-#if PY_2 && PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02070000
-#error "psycopg requires Python 2.7"
-#endif
-
-#if PY_3 && PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03060000
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03060000
 #error "psycopg requires Python 3.6"
 #endif
 
 #include <structmember.h>
-#if PY_2
-#include <stringobject.h>
-#endif
-
-/* hash() return size changed around version 3.2a4 on 64bit platforms.  Before
- *   this, the return size was always a long, regardless of arch.  ~3.2
- *   introduced the Py_hash_t & Py_uhash_t typedefs with the resulting sizes
- *   based upon arch. */
-#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030200A4
-typedef long Py_hash_t;
-typedef unsigned long Py_uhash_t;
-#endif
 
 /* Since Py_TYPE() is changed to the inline static function,
  * Py_TYPE(obj) = new_type must be replaced with Py_SET_TYPE(obj, new_type)
@@ -72,43 +53,6 @@ typedef unsigned long Py_uhash_t;
   #define FORMAT_CODE_SIZE_T "%zu"
 #endif
 
-#if PY_2
-
-#define Text_Type PyString_Type
-#define Text_Check(s) PyString_Check(s)
-#define Text_Format(f,a) PyString_Format(f,a)
-#define Text_FromUTF8(s) PyString_FromString(s)
-#define Text_FromUTF8AndSize(s,n) PyString_FromStringAndSize(s,n)
-
-#define Bytes_Type PyString_Type
-#define Bytes_Check PyString_Check
-#define Bytes_CheckExact PyString_CheckExact
-#define Bytes_AS_STRING PyString_AS_STRING
-#define Bytes_GET_SIZE PyString_GET_SIZE
-#define Bytes_Size PyString_Size
-#define Bytes_AsString PyString_AsString
-#define Bytes_AsStringAndSize PyString_AsStringAndSize
-#define Bytes_FromString PyString_FromString
-#define Bytes_FromStringAndSize PyString_FromStringAndSize
-#define Bytes_FromFormat PyString_FromFormat
-#define Bytes_ConcatAndDel PyString_ConcatAndDel
-#define _Bytes_Resize _PyString_Resize
-
-#define PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(o)         (((PyDateTime_Delta*)o)->days)
-#define PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(o)      (((PyDateTime_Delta*)o)->seconds)
-#define PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(o) (((PyDateTime_Delta*)o)->microseconds)
-
-#define INIT_MODULE(m) init ## m
-
-/* fix #961, but don't change all types to longs. Sure someone will complain. */
-#define PyLong_FromOid(x) (((x) & 0x80000000) ? \
-    PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long)(x)) : \
-    PyInt_FromLong((x)))
-
-#endif  /* PY_2 */
-
-#if PY_3
-
 #define Text_Type PyUnicode_Type
 #define Text_Check(s) PyUnicode_Check(s)
 #define Text_Format(f,a) PyUnicode_Format(f,a)
@@ -149,8 +93,6 @@ typedef unsigned long Py_uhash_t;
 
 #define PyLong_FromOid(x) (PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long)(x)))
 
-#endif  /* PY_3 */
-
 /* expose Oid attributes in Python C objects */
 #define T_OID T_UINT
 
diff --git a/psycopg/typecast.c b/psycopg/typecast.c
index 021fb0c..4f713b1 100644
--- a/psycopg/typecast.c
+++ b/psycopg/typecast.c
@@ -475,11 +475,7 @@ PyTypeObject typecastType = {
     0,          /*tp_print*/
     0,          /*tp_getattr*/
     0,          /*tp_setattr*/
-#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
-    typecast_cmp, /*tp_compare*/
-#else
     0,          /*tp_reserved*/
-#endif
     typecast_repr, /*tp_repr*/
     0,          /*tp_as_number*/
     0,          /*tp_as_sequence*/
@@ -651,11 +647,7 @@ typecast_cast(PyObject *obj, const char *str, Py_ssize_t len, PyObject *curs)
          * Notice that this way it is about impossible to create a python
          * typecaster on a binary type. */
         if (str) {
-#if PY_2
-            s = PyString_FromStringAndSize(str, len);
-#else
             s = conn_decode(((cursorObject *)curs)->conn, str, len);
-#endif
         }
         else {
             Py_INCREF(Py_None);
diff --git a/psycopg/typecast_basic.c b/psycopg/typecast_basic.c
index f3fac98..9363cf1 100644
--- a/psycopg/typecast_basic.c
+++ b/psycopg/typecast_basic.c
@@ -26,22 +26,7 @@
 
 /** INTEGER - cast normal integers (4 bytes) to python int **/
 
-#if PY_2
-static PyObject *
-typecast_INTEGER_cast(const char *s, Py_ssize_t len, PyObject *curs)
-{
-    char buffer[12];
-
-    if (s == NULL) { Py_RETURN_NONE; }
-    if (s[len] != '\0') {
-        strncpy(buffer, s, (size_t) len); buffer[len] = '\0';
-        s = buffer;
-    }
-    return PyInt_FromString((char *)s, NULL, 0);
-}
-#else
 #define typecast_INTEGER_cast typecast_LONGINTEGER_cast
-#endif
 
 /** LONGINTEGER - cast long integers (8 bytes) to python long **/
 
@@ -67,11 +52,7 @@ typecast_FLOAT_cast(const char *s, Py_ssize_t len, PyObject *curs)
 
     if (s == NULL) { Py_RETURN_NONE; }
     if (!(str = Text_FromUTF8AndSize(s, len))) { return NULL; }
-#if PY_2
-    flo = PyFloat_FromString(str, NULL);
-#else
     flo = PyFloat_FromString(str);
-#endif
     Py_DECREF(str);
     return flo;
 }
@@ -103,11 +84,7 @@ typecast_UNICODE_cast(const char *s, Py_ssize_t len, PyObject *curs)
 
 /** STRING - cast strings of any type to python string **/
 
-#if PY_2
-#define typecast_STRING_cast typecast_BYTES_cast
-#else
 #define typecast_STRING_cast typecast_UNICODE_cast
-#endif
 
 
 /** BOOLEAN - cast boolean value into right python object **/
diff --git a/psycopg/typecast_binary.c b/psycopg/typecast_binary.c
index 032d0f1..9dd2194 100644
--- a/psycopg/typecast_binary.c
+++ b/psycopg/typecast_binary.c
@@ -54,39 +54,6 @@ chunk_repr(chunkObject *self)
       );
 }
 
-#if PY_2
-
-static Py_ssize_t
-chunk_getreadbuffer(chunkObject *self, Py_ssize_t segment, void **ptr)
-{
-    if (segment != 0)
-    {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
-                        "accessing non-existant buffer segment");
-        return -1;
-    }
-    *ptr = self->base;
-    return self->len;
-}
-
-static Py_ssize_t
-chunk_getsegcount(chunkObject *self, Py_ssize_t *lenp)
-{
-    if (lenp != NULL)
-        *lenp = self->len;
-    return 1;
-}
-
-static PyBufferProcs chunk_as_buffer =
-{
-    (readbufferproc) chunk_getreadbuffer,
-    (writebufferproc) NULL,
-    (segcountproc) chunk_getsegcount,
-    (charbufferproc) NULL
-};
-
-#else
-
 /* 3.0 buffer interface */
 int chunk_getbuffer(PyObject *_self, Py_buffer *view, int flags)
 {
@@ -105,8 +72,6 @@ static PyBufferProcs chunk_as_buffer =
     NULL,
 };
 
-#endif
-
 #define chunk_doc "memory chunk"
 
 PyTypeObject chunkType = {
@@ -183,13 +148,8 @@ typecast_BINARY_cast(const char *s, Py_ssize_t l, PyObject *curs)
     buffer = NULL;
     chunk->len = (Py_ssize_t)len;
 
-#if PY_2
-    if ((res = PyBuffer_FromObject((PyObject *)chunk, 0, chunk->len)) == NULL)
-        goto exit;
-#else
     if ((res = PyMemoryView_FromObject((PyObject*)chunk)) == NULL)
         goto exit;
-#endif
 
 exit:
     Py_XDECREF((PyObject *)chunk);
diff --git a/psycopg/utils.c b/psycopg/utils.c
index 33b3aa8..d585b2c 100644
--- a/psycopg/utils.c
+++ b/psycopg/utils.c
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ psyco_ensure_bytes(PyObject *obj)
 
 /* Take a Python object and return text from it.
  *
- * On Py3 this means converting bytes to unicode. On Py2 bytes are fine.
+ * This means converting bytes to unicode.
  *
  * The function is ref neutral: steals a ref from obj and adds one to the
  * return value.  It is safe to call it on NULL.
@@ -198,9 +198,6 @@ psyco_ensure_bytes(PyObject *obj)
 STEALS(1) PyObject *
 psyco_ensure_text(PyObject *obj)
 {
-#if PY_2
-    return obj;
-#else
     if (obj) {
         /* bytes to unicode in Py3 */
         PyObject *rv = PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(obj, "utf8", "replace");
@@ -210,7 +207,6 @@ psyco_ensure_text(PyObject *obj)
     else {
         return NULL;
     }
-#endif
 }
 
 /* Check if a file derives from TextIOBase.
@@ -309,24 +305,13 @@ exit:
 
 /* Convert a C string into Python Text using a specified codec.
  *
- * The codec is the python function codec.getdecoder(enc). It is only used on
- * Python 3 to return unicode: in Py2 the function returns a string.
+ * The codec is the python function codec.getdecoder(enc).
  *
  * len is optional: use -1 to have it calculated by the function.
  */
 PyObject *
 psyco_text_from_chars_safe(const char *str, Py_ssize_t len, PyObject *decoder)
 {
-#if PY_2
-
-    if (!str) { Py_RETURN_NONE; }
-
-    if (len < 0) { len = strlen(str); }
-
-    return PyString_FromStringAndSize(str, len);
-
-#else
-
     static PyObject *replace = NULL;
     PyObject *rv = NULL;
     PyObject *b = NULL;
@@ -356,8 +341,6 @@ exit:
     Py_XDECREF(t);
     Py_XDECREF(b);
     return rv;
-
-#endif
 }
 
 
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index a413f56..0731cff 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ UPDATEs. psycopg2 also provide full asynchronous operations and support
 for coroutine libraries.
 """
 
-# Note: The setup.py must be compatible with both Python 2 and 3
-
 
 import os
 import sys
@@ -38,7 +36,6 @@ from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext
 from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_inc
 from distutils.ccompiler import get_default_compiler
 from distutils.errors import CompileError
-from distutils.util import get_platform
 
 try:
     import configparser
@@ -58,13 +55,12 @@ Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
 Intended Audience :: Developers
 License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Library or Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
 Programming Language :: Python
-Programming Language :: Python :: 2
-Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
 Programming Language :: Python :: 3
 Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
 Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
 Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
 Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
 Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
 Programming Language :: C
 Programming Language :: SQL
@@ -201,12 +197,6 @@ For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
         if not os.path.exists(pg_config_path):
             return None
 
-        # Support unicode paths, if this version of Python provides the
-        # necessary infrastructure:
-        if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
-            pg_config_path = pg_config_path.encode(
-                sys.getfilesystemencoding())
-
         return pg_config_path
 
 
@@ -307,30 +297,6 @@ For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
 """)
             raise
 
-        sysVer = sys.version_info[:2]
-
-        # For Python versions that use MSVC compiler 2008, re-insert the
-        # manifest into the resulting .pyd file.
-        if self.compiler_is_msvc() and sysVer == (2, 7):
-            platform = get_platform()
-            # Default to the x86 manifest
-            manifest = '_psycopg.vc9.x86.manifest'
-            if platform == 'win-amd64':
-                manifest = '_psycopg.vc9.amd64.manifest'
-            try:
-                ext_path = self.get_ext_fullpath(extension.name)
-            except AttributeError:
-                ext_path = os.path.join(self.build_lib,
-                        'psycopg2', '_psycopg.pyd')
-            # Make sure spawn() will work if compile() was never
-            # called. https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/issues/380
-            if not self.compiler.initialized:
-                self.compiler.initialize()
-            self.compiler.spawn(
-                ['mt.exe', '-nologo', '-manifest',
-                 os.path.join('psycopg', manifest),
-                 '-outputresource:%s;2' % ext_path])
-
     def finalize_win32(self):
         """Finalize build system configuration on win32 platform."""
 
@@ -598,7 +564,7 @@ setup(name="psycopg2",
       url="https://psycopg.org/",
       license="LGPL with exceptions",
       platforms=["any"],
-      python_requires='>=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*,!=3.4.*,!=3.5.*',
+      python_requires='>=3.6',
       description=readme.split("\n")[0],
       long_description="\n".join(readme.split("\n")[2:]).lstrip(),
       classifiers=[x for x in classifiers.split("\n") if x],
diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py
index f5c422f..76a01ee 100755
--- a/tests/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/__init__.py
@@ -58,9 +58,6 @@ from . import test_types_basic
 from . import test_types_extras
 from . import test_with
 
-if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6):
-    from . import test_async_keyword
-
 
 def test_suite():
     # If connection to test db fails, bail out early.
@@ -76,8 +73,6 @@ def test_suite():
 
     suite = unittest.TestSuite()
     suite.addTest(test_async.test_suite())
-    if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6):
-        suite.addTest(test_async_keyword.test_suite())
     suite.addTest(test_bugX000.test_suite())
     suite.addTest(test_bug_gc.test_suite())
     suite.addTest(test_cancel.test_suite())
diff --git a/tests/dbapi20.py b/tests/dbapi20.py
index fe89bb0..d2f87da 100644
--- a/tests/dbapi20.py
+++ b/tests/dbapi20.py
@@ -185,13 +185,8 @@ class DatabaseAPI20Test(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_Exceptions(self):
         # Make sure required exceptions exist, and are in the
         # defined hierarchy.
-        if sys.version[0] == '3': #under Python 3 StardardError no longer exists
-            self.failUnless(issubclass(self.driver.Warning,Exception))
-            self.failUnless(issubclass(self.driver.Error,Exception))
-        else:
-            self.failUnless(issubclass(self.driver.Warning,StandardError))
-            self.failUnless(issubclass(self.driver.Error,StandardError))
-
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(self.driver.Warning,Exception))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(self.driver.Error,Exception))
         self.failUnless(
             issubclass(self.driver.InterfaceError,self.driver.Error)
             )
diff --git a/tests/test_connection.py b/tests/test_connection.py
index d822689..f4ea436 100755
--- a/tests/test_connection.py
+++ b/tests/test_connection.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ import psycopg2.extras
 from psycopg2 import extensions as ext
 
 from .testutils import (
-    PY2, unittest, skip_if_no_superuser, skip_before_postgres,
+    unittest, skip_if_no_superuser, skip_before_postgres,
     skip_after_postgres, skip_before_libpq, skip_after_libpq,
     ConnectingTestCase, skip_if_tpc_disabled, skip_if_windows, slow,
     skip_if_crdb, crdb_version)
@@ -466,10 +466,7 @@ class ParseDsnTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
     def test_unicode_value(self):
         snowman = u"\u2603"
         d = ext.parse_dsn('dbname=' + snowman)
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(d['dbname'], snowman.encode('utf8'))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(d['dbname'], snowman)
+        self.assertEqual(d['dbname'], snowman)
 
     def test_unicode_key(self):
         snowman = u"\u2603"
diff --git a/tests/test_copy.py b/tests/test_copy.py
index 9274f1d..bbf68a6 100755
--- a/tests/test_copy.py
+++ b/tests/test_copy.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
 
 import psycopg2
 import psycopg2.extensions
-from .testutils import skip_copy_if_green, PY2, TextIOBase
+from .testutils import skip_copy_if_green, TextIOBase
 from .testconfig import dsn
 
 
@@ -133,14 +133,9 @@ class CopyTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('latin1')
         self._create_temp_table()  # the above call closed the xn
 
-        if PY2:
-            abin = ''.join(map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(160, 256)))
-            about = abin.decode('latin1').replace('\\', '\\\\')
-
-        else:
-            abin = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
-                + list(range(160, 256))).decode('latin1')
-            about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\')
+        abin = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
+            + list(range(160, 256))).decode('latin1')
+        about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\')
 
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
         curs.execute('insert into tcopy values (%s, %s)',
@@ -155,13 +150,9 @@ class CopyTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('latin1')
         self._create_temp_table()  # the above call closed the xn
 
-        if PY2:
-            abin = ''.join(map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(160, 255)))
-            about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\')
-        else:
-            abin = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
-                + list(range(160, 255))).decode('latin1')
-            about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\').encode('latin1')
+        abin = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
+            + list(range(160, 255))).decode('latin1')
+        about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\').encode('latin1')
 
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
         curs.execute('insert into tcopy values (%s, %s)',
@@ -176,15 +167,9 @@ class CopyTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('latin1')
         self._create_temp_table()  # the above call closed the xn
 
-        if PY2:
-            abin = ''.join(map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(160, 256)))
-            abin = abin.decode('latin1')
-            about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\')
-
-        else:
-            abin = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
-                + list(range(160, 256))).decode('latin1')
-            about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\')
+        abin = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
+            + list(range(160, 256))).decode('latin1')
+        about = abin.replace('\\', '\\\\')
 
         f = io.StringIO()
         f.write(about)
diff --git a/tests/test_cursor.py b/tests/test_cursor.py
index d293b2b..1e6b250 100755
--- a/tests/test_cursor.py
+++ b/tests/test_cursor.py
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ from .testutils import (ConnectingTestCase, skip_before_postgres,
     skip_if_windows, skip_if_crdb, crdb_version)
 
 import psycopg2.extras
-from psycopg2.compat import text_type
 
 
 class CursorTests(ConnectingTestCase):
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ class CursorTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         snowman = u"\u2603"
 
         def b(s):
-            if isinstance(s, text_type):
+            if isinstance(s, str):
                 return s.encode('utf8')
             else:
                 return s
diff --git a/tests/test_extras_dictcursor.py b/tests/test_extras_dictcursor.py
index a3c553e..e52ad4a 100755
--- a/tests/test_extras_dictcursor.py
+++ b/tests/test_extras_dictcursor.py
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@ import time
 import pickle
 import unittest
 from datetime import timedelta
+from functools import lru_cache
 
 import psycopg2
-from psycopg2.compat import lru_cache
 import psycopg2.extras
 from psycopg2.extras import NamedTupleConnection, NamedTupleCursor
 
 from .testutils import ConnectingTestCase, skip_before_postgres, \
-    skip_before_python, skip_from_python, crdb_version, skip_if_crdb
+    crdb_version, skip_if_crdb
 
 
 class _DictCursorBase(ConnectingTestCase):
@@ -179,27 +179,7 @@ class ExtrasDictCursorTests(_DictCursorBase):
         self.assertEqual(len(rv3), 2)
         self.assertEqual(len(rv), 2)
 
-    @skip_from_python(3)
-    def test_iter_methods_2(self):
-        curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
-        curs.execute("select 10 as a, 20 as b")
-        r = curs.fetchone()
-        self.assert_(isinstance(r.keys(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(r.keys()), 2)
-        self.assert_(isinstance(r.values(), tuple))     # sic?
-        self.assertEqual(len(r.values()), 2)
-        self.assert_(isinstance(r.items(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(r.items()), 2)
-
-        self.assert_(not isinstance(r.iterkeys(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(r.iterkeys())), 2)
-        self.assert_(not isinstance(r.itervalues(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(r.itervalues())), 2)
-        self.assert_(not isinstance(r.iteritems(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(r.iteritems())), 2)
-
-    @skip_before_python(3)
-    def test_iter_methods_3(self):
+    def test_iter_methods(self):
         curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
         curs.execute("select 10 as a, 20 as b")
         r = curs.fetchone()
@@ -226,21 +206,6 @@ class ExtrasDictCursorTests(_DictCursorBase):
         self.assertEqual(list(r1.values()), list(r.values()))
         self.assertEqual(list(r1.items()), list(r.items()))
 
-    @skip_from_python(3)
-    def test_order_iter(self):
-        curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
-        curs.execute("select 5 as foo, 4 as bar, 33 as baz, 2 as qux")
-        r = curs.fetchone()
-        self.assertEqual(list(r.iterkeys()), ['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'qux'])
-        self.assertEqual(list(r.itervalues()), [5, 4, 33, 2])
-        self.assertEqual(list(r.iteritems()),
-            [('foo', 5), ('bar', 4), ('baz', 33), ('qux', 2)])
-
-        r1 = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(r))
-        self.assertEqual(list(r1.iterkeys()), list(r.iterkeys()))
-        self.assertEqual(list(r1.itervalues()), list(r.itervalues()))
-        self.assertEqual(list(r1.iteritems()), list(r.iteritems()))
-
 
 class ExtrasDictCursorRealTests(_DictCursorBase):
     def testRealMeansReal(self):
@@ -340,27 +305,7 @@ class ExtrasDictCursorRealTests(_DictCursorBase):
         row = getter(curs)
         self.failUnless(row['foo'] == 'bar')
 
-    @skip_from_python(3)
-    def test_iter_methods_2(self):
-        curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.RealDictCursor)
-        curs.execute("select 10 as a, 20 as b")
-        r = curs.fetchone()
-        self.assert_(isinstance(r.keys(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(r.keys()), 2)
-        self.assert_(isinstance(r.values(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(r.values()), 2)
-        self.assert_(isinstance(r.items(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(r.items()), 2)
-
-        self.assert_(not isinstance(r.iterkeys(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(r.iterkeys())), 2)
-        self.assert_(not isinstance(r.itervalues(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(r.itervalues())), 2)
-        self.assert_(not isinstance(r.iteritems(), list))
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(r.iteritems())), 2)
-
-    @skip_before_python(3)
-    def test_iter_methods_3(self):
+    def test_iter_methods(self):
         curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.RealDictCursor)
         curs.execute("select 10 as a, 20 as b")
         r = curs.fetchone()
@@ -387,21 +332,6 @@ class ExtrasDictCursorRealTests(_DictCursorBase):
         self.assertEqual(list(r1.values()), list(r.values()))
         self.assertEqual(list(r1.items()), list(r.items()))
 
-    @skip_from_python(3)
-    def test_order_iter(self):
-        curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.RealDictCursor)
-        curs.execute("select 5 as foo, 4 as bar, 33 as baz, 2 as qux")
-        r = curs.fetchone()
-        self.assertEqual(list(r.iterkeys()), ['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'qux'])
-        self.assertEqual(list(r.itervalues()), [5, 4, 33, 2])
-        self.assertEqual(list(r.iteritems()),
-            [('foo', 5), ('bar', 4), ('baz', 33), ('qux', 2)])
-
-        r1 = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(r))
-        self.assertEqual(list(r1.iterkeys()), list(r.iterkeys()))
-        self.assertEqual(list(r1.itervalues()), list(r.itervalues()))
-        self.assertEqual(list(r1.iteritems()), list(r.iteritems()))
-
     def test_pop(self):
         curs = self.conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.RealDictCursor)
         curs.execute("select 1 as a, 2 as b, 3 as c")
@@ -564,7 +494,6 @@ class NamedTupleCursorTest(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(rv.f_column_, 2)
         self.assertEqual(rv.f3, 3)
 
-    @skip_before_python(3)
     @skip_before_postgres(8)
     def test_nonascii_name(self):
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
diff --git a/tests/test_quote.py b/tests/test_quote.py
index dfe3219..8a1f06a 100755
--- a/tests/test_quote.py
+++ b/tests/test_quote.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 from . import testutils
 import unittest
-from .testutils import ConnectingTestCase, skip_if_crdb, unichr, PY2
+from .testutils import ConnectingTestCase, skip_if_crdb
 
 import psycopg2
 import psycopg2.extensions
@@ -79,17 +79,11 @@ class QuotingTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         data = b"""some data with \000\013 binary
         stuff into, 'quotes' and \\ a backslash too.
         """
-        if PY2:
-            data += "".join(map(chr, range(256)))
-        else:
-            data += bytes(list(range(256)))
+        data += bytes(list(range(256)))
 
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
         curs.execute("SELECT %s::bytea;", (psycopg2.Binary(data),))
-        if PY2:
-            res = str(curs.fetchone()[0])
-        else:
-            res = curs.fetchone()[0].tobytes()
+        res = curs.fetchone()[0].tobytes()
 
         if res[0] in (b'x', ord(b'x')) and self.conn.info.server_version >= 90000:
             return self.skipTest(
@@ -110,7 +104,7 @@ class QuotingTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         data = u"""some data with \t chars
         to escape into, 'quotes', \u20ac euro sign and \\ a backslash too.
         """
-        data += u"".join(map(unichr, [u for u in range(1, 65536)
+        data += u"".join(map(chr, [u for u in range(1, 65536)
             if not 0xD800 <= u <= 0xDFFF]))    # surrogate area
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('UNICODE')
 
@@ -125,11 +119,8 @@ class QuotingTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
     def test_latin1(self):
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('LATIN1')
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
-        if PY2:
-            data = ''.join(map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(160, 256)))
-        else:
-            data = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
-                + list(range(160, 256))).decode('latin1')
+        data = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
+            + list(range(160, 256))).decode('latin1')
 
         # as string
         curs.execute("SELECT %s::text;", (data,))
@@ -137,25 +128,13 @@ class QuotingTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, data)
         self.assert_(not self.conn.notices)
 
-        # as unicode
-        if PY2:
-            psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.UNICODE, self.conn)
-            data = data.decode('latin1')
-
-            curs.execute("SELECT %s::text;", (data,))
-            res = curs.fetchone()[0]
-            self.assertEqual(res, data)
-            self.assert_(not self.conn.notices)
 
     @skip_if_crdb("encoding")
     def test_koi8(self):
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('KOI8')
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
-        if PY2:
-            data = ''.join(map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(128, 256)))
-        else:
-            data = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
-                + list(range(128, 256))).decode('koi8_r')
+        data = bytes(list(range(32, 127))
+            + list(range(128, 256))).decode('koi8_r')
 
         # as string
         curs.execute("SELECT %s::text;", (data,))
@@ -163,16 +142,6 @@ class QuotingTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, data)
         self.assert_(not self.conn.notices)
 
-        # as unicode
-        if PY2:
-            psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.UNICODE, self.conn)
-            data = data.decode('koi8_r')
-
-            curs.execute("SELECT %s::text;", (data,))
-            res = curs.fetchone()[0]
-            self.assertEqual(res, data)
-            self.assert_(not self.conn.notices)
-
     def test_bytes(self):
         snowman = u"\u2603"
         conn = self.connect()
@@ -204,10 +173,7 @@ class TestQuotedIdentifier(ConnectingTestCase):
     def test_unicode_ident(self):
         snowman = u"\u2603"
         quoted = '"' + snowman + '"'
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(quote_ident(snowman, self.conn), quoted.encode('utf8'))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(quote_ident(snowman, self.conn), quoted)
+        self.assertEqual(quote_ident(snowman, self.conn), quoted)
 
 
 class TestStringAdapter(ConnectingTestCase):
@@ -248,7 +214,6 @@ class TestStringAdapter(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(a.encoding, 'utf_8')
         self.assertQuotedEqual(a.getquoted(), b"'\xe2\x98\x83'")
 
-    @testutils.skip_before_python(3)
     def test_adapt_bytes(self):
         snowman = u"\u2603"
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('utf8')
diff --git a/tests/test_sql.py b/tests/test_sql.py
index 7818ee8..730fa18 100755
--- a/tests/test_sql.py
+++ b/tests/test_sql.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ from .testutils import (
 
 import psycopg2
 from psycopg2 import sql
-from psycopg2.compat import text_type
 
 
 class SqlFormatTests(ConnectingTestCase):
@@ -62,13 +61,6 @@ class SqlFormatTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assert_(isinstance(s1, str))
         self.assertEqual(s1, 'select "field" from "table"')
 
-    def test_unicode(self):
-        s = sql.SQL(u"select {0} from {1}").format(
-            sql.Identifier(u'field'), sql.Identifier('table'))
-        s1 = s.as_string(self.conn)
-        self.assert_(isinstance(s1, text_type))
-        self.assertEqual(s1, u'select "field" from "table"')
-
     def test_compose_literal(self):
         s = sql.SQL("select {0};").format(sql.Literal(dt.date(2016, 12, 31)))
         s1 = s.as_string(self.conn)
diff --git a/tests/test_types_basic.py b/tests/test_types_basic.py
index efdff73..9317571 100755
--- a/tests/test_types_basic.py
+++ b/tests/test_types_basic.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import platform
 
 from . import testutils
 import unittest
-from .testutils import PY2, long, text_type, ConnectingTestCase, restore_types
+from .testutils import ConnectingTestCase, restore_types
 from .testutils import skip_if_crdb
 
 import psycopg2
@@ -59,8 +59,6 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
     def testNumber(self):
         s = self.execute("SELECT %s AS foo", (1971,))
         self.failUnless(s == 1971, "wrong integer quoting: " + str(s))
-        s = self.execute("SELECT %s AS foo", (long(1971),))
-        self.failUnless(s == long(1971), "wrong integer quoting: " + str(s))
 
     def testBoolean(self):
         x = self.execute("SELECT %s as foo", (False,))
@@ -110,16 +108,10 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.failUnless(str(s) == "-inf", "wrong float quoting: " + str(s))
 
     def testBinary(self):
-        if PY2:
-            s = ''.join([chr(x) for x in range(256)])
-            b = psycopg2.Binary(s)
-            buf = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (b,))
-            self.assertEqual(s, str(buf))
-        else:
-            s = bytes(range(256))
-            b = psycopg2.Binary(s)
-            buf = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (b,))
-            self.assertEqual(s, buf.tobytes())
+        s = bytes(range(256))
+        b = psycopg2.Binary(s)
+        buf = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (b,))
+        self.assertEqual(s, buf.tobytes())
 
     def testBinaryNone(self):
         b = psycopg2.Binary(None)
@@ -128,26 +120,16 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
 
     def testBinaryEmptyString(self):
         # test to make sure an empty Binary is converted to an empty string
-        if PY2:
-            b = psycopg2.Binary('')
-            self.assertEqual(str(b), "''::bytea")
-        else:
-            b = psycopg2.Binary(bytes([]))
-            self.assertEqual(str(b), "''::bytea")
+        b = psycopg2.Binary(bytes([]))
+        self.assertEqual(str(b), "''::bytea")
 
     def testBinaryRoundTrip(self):
         # test to make sure buffers returned by psycopg2 are
         # understood by execute:
-        if PY2:
-            s = ''.join([chr(x) for x in range(256)])
-            buf = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (psycopg2.Binary(s),))
-            buf2 = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (buf,))
-            self.assertEqual(s, str(buf2))
-        else:
-            s = bytes(range(256))
-            buf = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (psycopg2.Binary(s),))
-            buf2 = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (buf,))
-            self.assertEqual(s, buf2.tobytes())
+        s = bytes(range(256))
+        buf = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (psycopg2.Binary(s),))
+        buf2 = self.execute("SELECT %s::bytea AS foo", (buf,))
+        self.assertEqual(s, buf2.tobytes())
 
     @skip_if_crdb("nested array")
     def testArray(self):
@@ -227,7 +209,7 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         curs = self.conn.cursor()
         curs.execute("select '{a,b,c}'::text[]")
         x = curs.fetchone()[0]
-        self.assert_(isinstance(x[0], text_type))
+        self.assert_(isinstance(x[0], str))
         self.assertEqual(x, [u'a', u'b', u'c'])
 
     def testBytesArray(self):
@@ -291,27 +273,6 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
             curs.execute("select %s::int[]", (a,))
             self.assertEqual(curs.fetchone()[0], a)
 
-    @testutils.skip_from_python(3)
-    def testTypeRoundtripBuffer(self):
-        o1 = buffer("".join(map(chr, range(256))))
-        o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-        self.assertEqual(type(o1), type(o2))
-
-        # Test with an empty buffer
-        o1 = buffer("")
-        o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-        self.assertEqual(type(o1), type(o2))
-        self.assertEqual(str(o1), str(o2))
-
-    @testutils.skip_from_python(3)
-    def testTypeRoundtripBufferArray(self):
-        o1 = buffer("".join(map(chr, range(256))))
-        o1 = [o1]
-        o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-        self.assertEqual(type(o1[0]), type(o2[0]))
-        self.assertEqual(str(o1[0]), str(o2[0]))
-
-    @testutils.skip_before_python(3)
     def testTypeRoundtripBytes(self):
         o1 = bytes(range(256))
         o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
@@ -322,7 +283,6 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
         self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
 
-    @testutils.skip_before_python(3)
     def testTypeRoundtripBytesArray(self):
         o1 = bytes(range(256))
         o1 = [o1]
@@ -332,12 +292,7 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
     def testAdaptBytearray(self):
         o1 = bytearray(range(256))
         o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(buffer, type(o2))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
-
+        self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
         self.assertEqual(len(o1), len(o2))
         for c1, c2 in zip(o1, o2):
             self.assertEqual(c1, ord(c2))
@@ -345,28 +300,18 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         # Test with an empty buffer
         o1 = bytearray([])
         o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-
         self.assertEqual(len(o2), 0)
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(buffer, type(o2))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
+        self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
 
     def testAdaptMemoryview(self):
         o1 = memoryview(bytearray(range(256)))
         o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(buffer, type(o2))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
+        self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
 
         # Test with an empty buffer
         o1 = memoryview(bytearray([]))
         o2 = self.execute("select %s;", (o1,))
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(buffer, type(o2))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
+        self.assertEqual(memoryview, type(o2))
 
     def testByteaHexCheckFalsePositive(self):
         # the check \x -> x to detect bad bytea decode
@@ -382,8 +327,6 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(1, f1)
         i1 = self.execute("select -%s;", (-1,))
         self.assertEqual(1, i1)
-        l1 = self.execute("select -%s;", (long(-1),))
-        self.assertEqual(1, l1)
 
     def testGenericArray(self):
         a = self.execute("select '{1, 2, 3}'::int4[]")
@@ -417,7 +360,6 @@ class TypesBasicTests(ConnectingTestCase):
         a = self.execute("select '{10:20:30:40:50:60}'::macaddr[]")
         self.assertEqual(a, ['10:20:30:40:50:60'])
 
-    @testutils.skip_before_python(3, 4)
     def testIntEnum(self):
         from enum import IntEnum
 
@@ -453,19 +395,6 @@ class AdaptSubclassTest(unittest.TestCase):
         register_adapter(B, lambda b: AsIs("b"))
         self.assertEqual(b'b', adapt(C()).getquoted())
 
-    @testutils.skip_from_python(3)
-    @restore_types
-    def test_no_mro_no_joy(self):
-        class A:
-            pass
-
-        class B(A):
-            pass
-
-        register_adapter(A, lambda a: AsIs("a"))
-        self.assertRaises(psycopg2.ProgrammingError, adapt, B())
-
-    @testutils.skip_before_python(3)
     @restore_types
     def test_adapt_subtype_3(self):
         class A:
@@ -512,10 +441,7 @@ class ByteaParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
         if rv is None:
             return None
 
-        if PY2:
-            return str(rv)
-        else:
-            return rv.tobytes()
+        return rv.tobytes()
 
     def test_null(self):
         rv = self.cast(None)
@@ -536,10 +462,7 @@ class ByteaParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
             buf = buf.upper()
         buf = '\\x' + buf
         rv = self.cast(buf.encode('utf8'))
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(rv, ''.join(map(chr, range(256))))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(rv, bytes(range(256)))
+        self.assertEqual(rv, bytes(range(256)))
 
     def test_full_hex_upper(self):
         return self.test_full_hex(upper=True)
@@ -547,10 +470,7 @@ class ByteaParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_full_escaped_octal(self):
         buf = ''.join(("\\%03o" % i) for i in range(256))
         rv = self.cast(buf.encode('utf8'))
-        if PY2:
-            self.assertEqual(rv, ''.join(map(chr, range(256))))
-        else:
-            self.assertEqual(rv, bytes(range(256)))
+        self.assertEqual(rv, bytes(range(256)))
 
     def test_escaped_mixed(self):
         buf = ''.join(("\\%03o" % i) for i in range(32))
@@ -558,12 +478,8 @@ class ByteaParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
         buf += ''.join('\\' + c for c in string.ascii_letters)
         buf += '\\\\'
         rv = self.cast(buf.encode('utf8'))
-        if PY2:
-            tgt = ''.join(map(chr, range(32))) \
-                + string.ascii_letters * 2 + '\\'
-        else:
-            tgt = bytes(range(32)) + \
-                (string.ascii_letters * 2 + '\\').encode('ascii')
+        tgt = bytes(range(32)) + \
+            (string.ascii_letters * 2 + '\\').encode('ascii')
 
         self.assertEqual(rv, tgt)
 
diff --git a/tests/test_types_extras.py b/tests/test_types_extras.py
index b3819c3..a126994 100755
--- a/tests/test_types_extras.py
+++ b/tests/test_types_extras.py
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ from functools import wraps
 from pickle import dumps, loads
 
 import unittest
-from .testutils import (PY2, text_type, skip_if_no_uuid, skip_before_postgres,
-    ConnectingTestCase, py3_raises_typeerror, slow, skip_from_python,
+from .testutils import (skip_if_no_uuid, skip_before_postgres,
+    ConnectingTestCase, raises_typeerror, slow,
     restore_types, skip_if_crdb, crdb_version)
 
 import psycopg2
@@ -250,19 +250,6 @@ class HstoreTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(t[2], {'a': 'b'})
 
     @skip_if_no_hstore
-    @skip_from_python(3)
-    def test_register_unicode(self):
-        register_hstore(self.conn, unicode=True)
-        cur = self.conn.cursor()
-        cur.execute("select null::hstore, ''::hstore, 'a => b'::hstore")
-        t = cur.fetchone()
-        self.assert_(t[0] is None)
-        self.assertEqual(t[1], {})
-        self.assertEqual(t[2], {u'a': u'b'})
-        self.assert_(isinstance(t[2].keys()[0], unicode))
-        self.assert_(isinstance(t[2].values()[0], unicode))
-
-    @skip_if_no_hstore
     @restore_types
     def test_register_globally(self):
         HstoreAdapter.get_oids(self.conn)
@@ -297,38 +284,12 @@ class HstoreTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         ok({''.join(ab): ''.join(ab)})
 
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('latin1')
-        if PY2:
-            ab = map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(160, 255))
-        else:
-            ab = bytes(list(range(32, 127)) + list(range(160, 255))).decode('latin1')
+        ab = bytes(list(range(32, 127)) + list(range(160, 255))).decode('latin1')
 
         ok({''.join(ab): ''.join(ab)})
         ok(dict(zip(ab, ab)))
 
     @skip_if_no_hstore
-    @skip_from_python(3)
-    def test_roundtrip_unicode(self):
-        register_hstore(self.conn, unicode=True)
-        cur = self.conn.cursor()
-
-        def ok(d):
-            cur.execute("select %s", (d,))
-            d1 = cur.fetchone()[0]
-            self.assertEqual(len(d), len(d1))
-            for k, v in d1.iteritems():
-                self.assert_(k in d, k)
-                self.assertEqual(d[k], v)
-                self.assert_(isinstance(k, unicode))
-                self.assert_(v is None or isinstance(v, unicode))
-
-        ok({})
-        ok({'a': 'b', 'c': None, 'd': u'\u20ac', u'\u2603': 'e'})
-
-        ab = map(unichr, range(1, 1024))
-        ok({u''.join(ab): u''.join(ab)})
-        ok(dict(zip(ab, ab)))
-
-    @skip_if_no_hstore
     @restore_types
     def test_oid(self):
         cur = self.conn.cursor()
@@ -356,10 +317,7 @@ class HstoreTestCase(ConnectingTestCase):
         ds.append({''.join(ab): ''.join(ab)})
 
         self.conn.set_client_encoding('latin1')
-        if PY2:
-            ab = map(chr, range(32, 127) + range(160, 255))
-        else:
-            ab = bytes(list(range(32, 127)) + list(range(160, 255))).decode('latin1')
+        ab = bytes(list(range(32, 127)) + list(range(160, 255))).decode('latin1')
 
         ds.append({''.join(ab): ''.join(ab)})
         ds.append(dict(zip(ab, ab)))
@@ -1238,9 +1196,9 @@ class RangeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assert_(not Range() < Range())
         self.assert_(not Range(empty=True) < Range(empty=True))
         self.assert_(not Range(1, 2) < Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(1 < Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(not Range(1, 2) < 1)
 
     def test_gt_ordering(self):
@@ -1253,9 +1211,9 @@ class RangeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assert_(not Range() > Range())
         self.assert_(not Range(empty=True) > Range(empty=True))
         self.assert_(not Range(1, 2) > Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(not 1 > Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(Range(1, 2) > 1)
 
     def test_le_ordering(self):
@@ -1268,9 +1226,9 @@ class RangeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assert_(Range() <= Range())
         self.assert_(Range(empty=True) <= Range(empty=True))
         self.assert_(Range(1, 2) <= Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(1 <= Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(not Range(1, 2) <= 1)
 
     def test_ge_ordering(self):
@@ -1283,9 +1241,9 @@ class RangeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assert_(Range() >= Range())
         self.assert_(Range(empty=True) >= Range(empty=True))
         self.assert_(Range(1, 2) >= Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(not 1 >= Range(1, 2))
-        with py3_raises_typeerror():
+        with raises_typeerror():
             self.assert_(Range(1, 2) >= 1)
 
     def test_pickling(self):
@@ -1313,10 +1271,10 @@ class RangeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         for bounds in ('()', '[]', '(]', '[)'):
             r = Range(0, 4, bounds=bounds)
-            results.append(text_type(r))
+            results.append(str(r))
 
         r = Range(empty=True)
-        results.append(text_type(r))
+        results.append(str(r))
         self.assertEqual(results, expected)
 
     def test_str_datetime(self):
@@ -1328,7 +1286,7 @@ class RangeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         r = DateTimeTZRange(datetime(2010, 1, 1, tzinfo=tz),
                             datetime(2011, 1, 1, tzinfo=tz))
         expected = u'[2010-01-01 00:00:00-05:00, 2011-01-01 00:00:00-05:00)'
-        result = text_type(r)
+        result = str(r)
         self.assertEqual(result, expected)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/testutils.py b/tests/testutils.py
index 2b5bbf9..b64d4fc 100644
--- a/tests/testutils.py
+++ b/tests/testutils.py
@@ -34,32 +34,16 @@ import platform
 import unittest
 from functools import wraps
 from ctypes.util import find_library
+from io import StringIO         # noqa
+from io import TextIOBase       # noqa
+from importlib import reload    # noqa
 
 import psycopg2
 import psycopg2.errors
 import psycopg2.extensions
-from psycopg2.compat import PY2, PY3, string_types, text_type
 
 from .testconfig import green, dsn, repl_dsn
 
-# Python 2/3 compatibility
-
-if PY2:
-    # Python 2
-    from StringIO import StringIO
-    TextIOBase = object
-    long = long
-    reload = reload
-    unichr = unichr
-
-else:
-    # Python 3
-    from io import StringIO         # noqa
-    from io import TextIOBase       # noqa
-    from importlib import reload    # noqa
-    long = int
-    unichr = chr
-
 
 # Silence warnings caused by the stubbornness of the Python unittest
 # maintainers
@@ -102,7 +86,7 @@ class ConnectingTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def assertQuotedEqual(self, first, second, msg=None):
         """Compare two quoted strings disregarding eventual E'' quotes"""
         def f(s):
-            if isinstance(s, text_type):
+            if isinstance(s, str):
                 return re.sub(r"\bE'", "'", s)
             elif isinstance(first, bytes):
                 return re.sub(br"\bE'", b"'", s)
@@ -454,7 +438,7 @@ def skip_if_crdb(reason, conn=None, version=None):
     "== 20.1.3": the test will be skipped only if the version matches.
 
     """
-    if not isinstance(reason, string_types):
+    if not isinstance(reason, str):
         raise TypeError("reason should be a string, got %r instead" % reason)
 
     if conn is not None:
@@ -518,14 +502,13 @@ def _crdb_match_version(version, pattern):
     return op(version, ref)
 
 
-class py3_raises_typeerror(object):
+class raises_typeerror(object):
     def __enter__(self):
         pass
 
     def __exit__(self, type, exc, tb):
-        if PY3:
-            assert type is TypeError
-            return True
+        assert type is TypeError
+        return True
 
 
 def slow(f):
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index b8d7d6d..a2ab53c 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [tox]
-envlist = py{27,36,37,38,39}
+envlist = py{36,37,38,39}
 
 [testenv]
 commands = make check