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+ <title>Crypto.Cipher.ARC4</title>
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+ <a href="Crypto-module.html">Package&nbsp;Crypto</a> ::
+ <a href="Crypto.Cipher-module.html">Package&nbsp;Cipher</a> ::
+ Module&nbsp;ARC4
+ </span>
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+</table>
+<!-- ==================== MODULE DESCRIPTION ==================== -->
+<h1 class="epydoc">Module ARC4</h1><p class="nomargin-top"></p>
+<p>ARC4 symmetric cipher</p>
+<p><a class="rst-reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC4" target="_top">ARC4</a> (Alleged RC4) is an implementation of RC4 (Rivest's Cipher version 4),
+a symmetric stream cipher designed by Ron Rivest in 1987.</p>
+<p>The cipher started as a proprietary design, that was reverse engineered and
+anonymously posted on Usenet in 1994. The company that owns RC4 (RSA Data
+Inc.) never confirmed the correctness of the leaked algorithm.</p>
+<p>Unlike RC2, the company has never published the full specification of RC4,
+of whom it still holds the trademark.</p>
+<p>ARC4 keys can vary in length from 40 to 2048 bits.</p>
+<p>One problem of ARC4 is that it does not take a nonce or an IV. If it is required
+to encrypt multiple messages with the same long-term key, a distinct
+independent nonce must be created for each message, and a short-term key must
+be derived from the combination of the long-term key and the nonce.
+Due to the weak key scheduling algorithm of RC2, the combination must be carried
+out with a complex function (e.g. a cryptographic hash) and not by simply
+concatenating key and nonce.</p>
+<p>New designs should not use ARC4. A good alternative is AES
+(<a href="Crypto.Cipher.AES-module.html" class="link">Crypto.Cipher.AES</a>) in any of the modes that turn it into a stream cipher (OFB, CFB, or CTR).</p>
+<p>As an example, encryption can be done as follows:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<pre class="py-doctest">
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">from</span> Crypto.Cipher <span class="py-keyword">import</span> ARC4
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">from</span> Crypto.Hash <span class="py-keyword">import</span> SHA
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">from</span> Crypto <span class="py-keyword">import</span> Random
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span>
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>key = b<span class="py-string">'Very long and confidential key'</span>
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>nonce = Random.new().read(16)
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tempkey = SHA.new(key+nonce).digest()
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>cipher = ARC4.new(tempkey)
+<span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>msg = nonce + cipher.encrypt(b<span class="py-string">'Open the pod bay doors, HAL'</span>)</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<!-- ==================== CLASSES ==================== -->
+<a name="section-Classes"></a>
+<table class="summary" border="1" cellpadding="3"
+ cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
+<tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
+ <td align="left" colspan="2" class="table-header">
+ <span class="table-header">Classes</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+ <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
+ <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
+ </td><td class="summary">
+ <a href="Crypto.Cipher.ARC4.ARC4Cipher-class.html" class="summary-name">ARC4Cipher</a><br />
+ ARC4 cipher object
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<!-- ==================== FUNCTIONS ==================== -->
+<a name="section-Functions"></a>
+<table class="summary" border="1" cellpadding="3"
+ cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
+<tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
+ <td align="left" colspan="2" class="table-header">
+ <span class="table-header">Functions</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+ <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
+ <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
+ </td><td class="summary">
+ <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
+ <tr>
+ <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="Crypto.Cipher.ARC4-module.html#new" class="summary-sig-name">new</a>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">key</span>,
+ <span class="summary-sig-arg">*args</span>,
+ <span class="summary-sig-arg">**kwargs</span>)</span><br />
+ Create a new ARC4 cipher</td>
+ <td align="right" valign="top">
+
+
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<!-- ==================== VARIABLES ==================== -->
+<a name="section-Variables"></a>
+<table class="summary" border="1" cellpadding="3"
+ cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
+<tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
+ <td align="left" colspan="2" class="table-header">
+ <span class="table-header">Variables</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+ <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
+ <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
+ </td><td class="summary">
+ <a name="block_size"></a><span class="summary-name">block_size</span> = <code title="1">1</code><br />
+ Size of a data block (in bytes)
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+<tr>
+ <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
+ <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
+ </td><td class="summary">
+ <a name="key_size"></a><span class="summary-name">key_size</span> = <code title="xrange(1, 257)">xrange(1, 257)</code><br />
+ Size of a key (in bytes)
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<!-- ==================== FUNCTION DETAILS ==================== -->
+<a name="section-FunctionDetails"></a>
+<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
+ cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
+<tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
+ <td align="left" colspan="2" class="table-header">
+ <span class="table-header">Function Details</span></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<a name="new"></a>
+<div>
+<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
+ cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
+<tr><td>
+ <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
+ <tr valign="top"><td>
+ <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">new</span>(<span class="sig-arg">key</span>,
+ <span class="sig-arg">*args</span>,
+ <span class="sig-arg">**kwargs</span>)</span>
+ </h3>
+ </td><td align="right" valign="top"
+ >&nbsp;
+ </td>
+ </tr></table>
+
+ Create a new ARC4 cipher
+ <dl class="fields">
+ <dt>Parameters:</dt>
+ <dd><ul class="nomargin-top">
+ <li><strong class="pname"><code>key</code></strong> (byte string) - The secret key to use in the symmetric cipher.
+It can have any length, with a minimum of 40 bytes.
+Its cryptograpic strength is always capped to 2048 bits (256 bytes).</li>
+ </ul></dd>
+ <dt>Returns:</dt>
+ <dd>an <a href="Crypto.Cipher.ARC4.ARC4Cipher-class.html" class="link">ARC4Cipher</a> object</dd>
+ </dl>
+</td></tr></table>
+</div>
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