Update test.cr to match latest crystal syntax

1 files changed, 246 insertions, 560 deletions

diff --git a/tests/examplefiles/test.cr b/tests/examplefiles/test.cr
index 028ff6f3..79fc1711 100644
--- a/tests/examplefiles/test.cr
+++ b/tests/examplefiles/test.cr
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Examples taken from http://crystal-lang.org/docs/
-# Copyright 2012-2016 Manas Technology Solutions.
-
+# Copyright 2012-2018 Manas Technology Solutions.
+# Updated on May 17th, 2018 by @faustinoaq.
 
 require "http/server"
 
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ end
 puts "Listening on http://0.0.0.0:8080"
 server.listen
 
-
 module HTTP
   class RequestHandler
   end
@@ -23,10 +22,9 @@ alias NumericValue = Float32 | Float64 | Int32 | Int64
 enum Time::DayOfWeek
 end
 
-
-$global_greeting = "Hello world"
-
 class Greeting
+  class_property global_greeting = "Hello world"
+
   @@default_greeting = "Hello world"
 
   def initialize(@custom_greeting = nil)
@@ -38,11 +36,9 @@ class Greeting
   end
 end
 
-
 LUCKY_NUMBERS     = [3, 7, 11]
 DOCUMENTATION_URL = "http://crystal-lang.org/docs"
 
-
 module Scorecard
   class Parser
     def parse(score_text)
@@ -57,7 +53,6 @@ module Scorecard
   end
 end
 
-
 module Money
   CURRENCIES = {
     "EUR" => 1.0,
@@ -83,7 +78,6 @@ module Money
   end
 end
 
-
 i = 0
 while i < 10
   proc = ->(x : Int32) do
@@ -97,7 +91,6 @@ end
 
 Fiber.yield
 
-
 # A buffered channel of capacity 2
 channel = Channel(Int32).new(2)
 
@@ -111,14 +104,11 @@ end
   puts channel.receive
 end
 
-
 class MyDictionary(K, V)
 end
 
-
-MyBox.new(1)       #:: MyBox(Int32)
-MyBox.new("hello") #:: MyBox(String)
-
+MyBox.new(1)       # :: MyBox(Int32)
+MyBox.new("hello") # :: MyBox(String)
 
 module Moo(T)
   def t
@@ -136,7 +126,6 @@ end
 foo = Foo.new(1)
 foo.t # Int32
 
-
 class Parent(T)
 end
 
@@ -146,58 +135,41 @@ end
 class GenericChild(T) < Parent(T)
 end
 
-
 class Person
 end
 
-
 a = 1
 ptr = pointerof(a)
-ptr[100_000] = 2   # undefined behaviour, probably a segmentation fault
-
+ptr[100_000] = 2 # undefined behaviour, probably a segmentation fault
 
 alias Int32OrString = Int32 | String
 
-
 alias Int32OrNil = Int32?
 
-
 alias Int32OrNil_ = Int32 | ::Nil
 
-
 alias Int32Ptr = Int32*
 
-
 alias Int32Ptr_ = Pointer(Int32)
 
-
 alias Int32_8 = Int32[8]
 
-
 alias Int32_8_ = StaticArray(Int32, 8)
 
-
 alias Int32StringTuple = {Int32, String}
 
-
 alias Int32StringTuple_ = Tuple(Int32, String)
 
-
 alias Int32ToString = Int32 -> String
 
-
 alias Int32ToString_ = Proc(Int32, String)
 
-
 alias ProcThatReturnsInt32 = -> Int32
 
-
 alias Int32AndCharToString = Int32, Char -> String
 
-
 alias ComplexProc = (Int32 -> Int32) -> String
 
-
 def foo(x : Int32)
   "instance"
 end
@@ -209,7 +181,6 @@ end
 foo 1     # "instance"
 foo Int32 # "class"
 
-
 class Parent
 end
 
@@ -223,7 +194,6 @@ ary = [] of Parent.class
 ary << Child1
 ary << Child2
 
-
 # Same as not specifying a restriction, not very useful
 def foo(x : _)
 end
@@ -232,10 +202,8 @@ end
 def foo(x : _, _ -> Int32)
 end
 
-
-#alias SameAsInt32 = typeof(2)
-#alias Int32OrString_ = typeof(1, "a")
-
+# alias SameAsInt32 = typeof(2)
+# alias Int32OrString_ = typeof(1, "a")
 
 class Person
   def initialize(name)
@@ -252,15 +220,13 @@ class Person
   end
 end
 
-
 john = Person.new "John"
 peter = Person.new "Peter"
 
-john.name #=> "John"
-john.age #=> 0
-
-peter.name #=> "Peter"
+john.name # => "John"
+john.age  # => 0
 
+peter.name # => "Peter"
 
 class Person
   def self.new(name)
@@ -268,8 +234,7 @@ class Person
     instance.initialize(name)
     instance
   end
- end
-
+end
 
 if a.is_a?(String)
   # here a is a String
@@ -279,7 +244,6 @@ if b.is_a?(Number)
   # here b is a Number
 end
 
-
 a = some_condition ? 1 : "hello"
 # a : Int32 | String
 
@@ -289,15 +253,12 @@ else
   # a : String
 end
 
-
 if a.is_a?(String) && b.is_a?(Number)
   # here a is a String and b is a Number
 end
 
-
 a.+(b)
 
-
 struct Vector2
   getter x, y
 
@@ -311,10 +272,7 @@ end
 
 v1 = Vector2.new(1, 2)
 v2 = Vector2.new(3, 4)
-v1 + v2               #=> Vector2(@x=4, @y=6)
-
-
-
+v1 + v2 # => Vector2(@x=4, @y=6)
 
 struct Vector2
   def -
@@ -323,11 +281,7 @@ struct Vector2
 end
 
 v1 = Vector2.new(1, 2)
--v1                    #=> Vector2(@x=-1, @y=-2)
-
-
-
-
+-v1 # => Vector2(@x=-1, @y=-2)
 
 class MyArray
   def [](index)
@@ -353,22 +307,18 @@ array.[](1)       # invokes the first method
 array.[](1, 2, 3) # invokes the second method
 array.[]=(1, 2)   # invokes the third method
 
-
 raise "OH NO!"
 raise Exception.new("Some error")
 
-
 class MyException < Exception
 end
 
-
 begin
   raise MyException.new("OH NO!")
 rescue ex : MyException
   puts "Rescued MyException: #{ex.message}"
 end
 
-
 begin
   # ...
 rescue ex : MyException | MyOtherException
@@ -379,19 +329,16 @@ ensure
   puts "Cleanup..."
 end
 
-
 def some_method
   something_dangerous
 rescue
   # execute if an exception is raised
 end
 
-
 array = [1, 2, 3]
 array[4]  # raises because of IndexError
 array[4]? # returns nil because of index out of bounds
 
-
 def some_proc(&block : Int32 -> Int32)
   block
 end
@@ -399,18 +346,16 @@ end
 x = 0
 proc = ->(i : Int32) { x += i }
 proc = some_proc(&proc)
-proc.call(1)  #=> 1
-proc.call(10) #=> 11
-x #=> 11
-
+proc.call(1)  # => 1
+proc.call(10) # => 11
+x             # => 11
 
 def add(x, y)
   x + y
 end
 
 adder = ->add(Int32, Int32)
-adder.call(1, 2) #=> 3
-
+adder.call(1, 2) # => 3
 
 module Curses
   class Window
@@ -419,7 +364,6 @@ end
 
 Curses::Window.new
 
-
 module ItemsSize
   def size
     items.size
@@ -435,8 +379,7 @@ class Items
 end
 
 items = Items.new
-items.size #=> 3
-
+items.size # => 3
 
 module Base64
   extend self
@@ -450,8 +393,7 @@ module Base64
   end
 end
 
-Base64.encode64 "hello" #=> "aGVsbG8="
-
+Base64.encode64 "hello" # => "aGVsbG8="
 
 if some_condition
   a = 1
@@ -459,13 +401,11 @@ else
   a = "hello"
 end
 
-a_as_int = a as Int32
-a_as_int.abs          # works, compiler knows that a_as_int is Int32
-
+a_as_int = a.as(Int32)
+a_as_int.abs # works, compiler knows that a_as_int is Int32
 
 ptr = Pointer(Int32).malloc(1)
-ptr as Int8*                    #:: Pointer(Int8)
-
+ptr.as(Int8*) # :: Pointer(Int8)
 
 array = [1, 2, 3]
 
@@ -475,24 +415,21 @@ ptr = Pointer(Void).new(array.object_id)
 
 # Now we cast that pointer to the same type, and
 # we should get the same value
-array2 = ptr as Array(Int32)
-array2.same?(array) #=> true
-
+array2 = ptr.as(Array(Int32))
+array2.same?(array) # => true
 
 a = 1
-b = a as Int32 | Float64
-b #:: Int32 | Float64
-
+b = a.as(Int32 | Float64)
+b # :: Int32 | Float64
 
 ary = [1, 2, 3]
 
 # We want to create an array 1, 2, 3 of Int32 | Float64
-ary2 = ary.map { |x| x as Int32 | Float64 }
+ary2 = ary.map { |x| x.as(Int32 | Float64) }
 
-ary2 #:: Array(Int32 | Float64)
+ary2        # :: Array(Int32 | Float64)
 ary2 << 1.5 # OK
 
-
 class Person
   def initialize(@name)
   end
@@ -505,23 +442,19 @@ end
 a = [] of Person
 x = a.map { |f| f.name } # Error: can't infer block return type
 
-
 a = [] of Person
-x = a.map { |f| f.name as String } # OK
-
+x = a.map { |f| f.name.as(String) } # OK
 
 Person.new "John"
 
 a = [] of Person
 x = a.map { |f| f.name } # OK
 
-
 loop do
   do_something
   break if some_condition
 end
 
-
 class Point
   def initialize(@x, @y)
   end
@@ -530,8 +463,7 @@ end
 Point.new 1, 2
 
 # 2 x Int32 = 2 x 4 = 8
-instance_sizeof(Point) #=> 12
-
+instance_sizeof(Point) # => 12
 
 a = 1
 while a < 5
@@ -541,8 +473,8 @@ while a < 5
   end
   puts a
 end
-# The above prints the numbers 2, 4 and 5
 
+# The above prints the numbers 2, 4 and 5
 
 lib C
   # In C: double cos(double x)
@@ -557,14 +489,13 @@ lib C
   fun printf(format : UInt8*, ...) : Int32
 end
 
-C.cos(1.5) #=> 0.0707372
+C.cos(1.5) # => 0.0707372
 C.srand(1_u32)
 
 a = 1
 b = 2
 C.printf "%d + %d = %d\n", a, b, a + b
 
-
 lib LibSDL
   fun init = SDL_Init(flags : UInt32) : Int32
 end
@@ -581,53 +512,44 @@ end
 lib LibPCRE
 end
 
-
 lib C
-  ifdef x86_64
+  {% if flag?(:x86_64) %}
     alias SizeT = UInt64
-  else
+  {% else %}
     alias SizeT = UInt32
-  end
+  {% end %}
 
   fun memcmp(p1 : Void*, p2 : Void*, size : C::SizeT) : Int32
 end
 
-
 lib X
   enum SomeEnum
-    Ten = 10
-    Twenty = 10 * 2
+    Ten       = 10
+    Twenty    = 10 * 2
     ThirtyTwo = 1 << 5
   end
 end
 
-
 lib X
   enum SomeEnum
     A = 1_u32
   end
 end
 
-
-X::SomeEnum::Zero #=> 0_i8
-X::SomeEnum::Two  #=> 2_i8
-
+X::SomeEnum::Zero # => 0_i8
+X::SomeEnum::Two  # => 2_i8
 
 lib X
   fun callback(f : Int32 -> Int32)
 end
 
-
 f = ->(x : Int32) { x + 1 }
 X.callback(f)
 
-
 X.callback ->(x) { x + 1 }
 
-
 X.callback nil
 
-
 lib LibFoo
   fun store_callback(callback : ->)
   fun execute_callback
@@ -636,7 +558,6 @@ end
 LibFoo.store_callback ->{ raise "OH NO!" }
 LibFoo.execute_callback
 
-
 lib LibFoo
   fun store_callback(callback : ->)
 
@@ -644,14 +565,12 @@ lib LibFoo
   fun execute_callback
 end
 
-
 @[Link("pcre")]
 lib PCRE
   INFO_CAPTURECOUNT = 2
 end
 
-PCRE::INFO_CAPTURECOUNT #=> 2
-
+PCRE::INFO_CAPTURECOUNT # => 2
 
 lib U
   # In C:
@@ -666,19 +585,15 @@ lib U
   end
 end
 
-
 value = U::IntOrFloat.new
 
-
 value = uninitialized U::IntOrFlaot
-value.some_int #=> some garbage value
-
+value.some_int # => some garbage value
 
 value = U::IntOrFloat.new
 value.some_int = 1
-value.some_int #=> 1
-value.some_float #=> 4.94066e-324
-
+value.some_int   # => 1
+value.some_float # => 4.94066e-324
 
 def change_it(value)
   value.some_int = 1
@@ -686,8 +601,7 @@ end
 
 value = U::IntOrFloat.new
 change_it value
-value.some_int #=> 0
-
+value.some_int # => 0
 
 lib C
   # In C:
@@ -698,11 +612,10 @@ lib C
   #  };
   struct TimeZone
     minutes_west : Int32
-    dst_time     : Int32
+    dst_time : Int32
   end
 end
 
-
 lib C
   # This is a forward declaration
   struct Node
@@ -713,23 +626,18 @@ lib C
   end
 end
 
-
 tz = C::TimeZone.new
 
-
 tz = uninitialized C::TimeZone
-tz.minutes_west #=> some garbage value
-
+tz.minutes_west # => some garbage value
 
 tz = C::TimeZone.new
 tz.minutes_west = 1
-tz.minutes_west #=> 1
-
+tz.minutes_west # => 1
 
 tz = C::TimeZone.new minutes_west: 1, dst_time: 2
-tz.minutes_west #=> 1
-tz.dst_time     #=> 2
-
+tz.minutes_west # => 1
+tz.dst_time     # => 2
 
 def change_it(tz)
   tz.minutes_west = 1
@@ -737,73 +645,71 @@ end
 
 tz = C::TimeZone.new
 change_it tz
-tz.minutes_west #=> 0
-
+tz.minutes_west # => 0
 
 lib C
   $errno : Int32
 end
 
-
-C.errno #=> some value
+C.errno # => some value
 C.errno = 0
-C.errno #=> 0
-
+C.errno # => 0
 
 lib C
   @[ThreadLocal]
   $errno : Int32
 end
 
-
 lib C
   fun waitpid(pid : Int32, status_ptr : Int32*, options : Int32) : Int32
 end
 
-
 status_ptr = uninitialized Int32
 
 C.waitpid(pid, pointerof(status_ptr), options)
 
-
 C.waitpid(pid, out status_ptr, options)
 
-
 lib X
   type CInt = Int32
 end
 
-
-ifdef x86_64
+{% if flag?(:x86_64) %}
   # some specific code for 64 bits platforms
-else
+{% else %}
   # some specific code for non-64 bits platforms
-end
-
+{% end %}
 
-ifdef linux && x86_64
+{% if flag?(:linux) && flag?(:x86_64) %}
   # some specific code for linux 64 bits
-end
-
+{% end %}
 
 lib C
-  ifdef linux
+  {% if flag?(:linux) && flag?(:x86_64) %}
     struct SomeStruct
       some_field : Int32
     end
-  else
+  {% else %}
     struct SomeStruct
       some_field : Int64
     end
-  end
+  {% end %}
 end
 
-
 # Assigns to a local variable
 local = 1
 
-# Assigns to a global variable
-$global = 4
+# Assigns to a global property
+class Global
+  class_property global1 = 1
+  class_getter global2 = 2
+  class_setter global3 = 3
+
+  # Fails on nil
+  class_property! global4 = 4
+  class_getter! global5 = 5
+  class_setter! global6 = 6
+end
 
 class Testing
   # Assigns to an instance variable
@@ -813,8 +719,7 @@ class Testing
   @@class = 3
 end
 
-
-local += 1  # same as: local = local + 1
+local += 1 # same as: local = local + 1
 
 # The above is valid with these operators:
 # +, -, *, /, %, |, &, ^, **, <<, >>
@@ -822,7 +727,6 @@ local += 1  # same as: local = local + 1
 local ||= 1 # same as: local || (local = 1)
 local &&= 1 # same as: local && (local = 1)
 
-
 # A setter
 person.name=("John")
 
@@ -841,30 +745,26 @@ objects.[](2, 3)
 # The above can be written as:
 objects[2, 3]
 
-
-person.age += 1        # same as: person.age = person.age + 1
+person.age += 1 # same as: person.age = person.age + 1
 
 person.name ||= "John" # same as: person.name || (person.name = "John")
 person.name &&= "John" # same as: person.name && (person.name = "John")
 
-objects[1] += 2        # same as: objects[1] = objects[1] + 2
-
-objects[1] ||= 2       # same as: objects[1]? || (objects[1] = 2)
-objects[1] &&= 2       # same as: objects[1]? && (objects[1] = 2)
+objects[1] += 2 # same as: objects[1] = objects[1] + 2
 
+objects[1] ||= 2 # same as: objects[1]? || (objects[1] = 2)
+objects[1] &&= 2 # same as: objects[1]? && (objects[1] = 2)
 
 alias PInt32 = Pointer(Int32)
 
 ptr = PInt32.malloc(1) # : Pointer(Int32)
 
-
 alias RecArray = Array(Int32) | Array(RecArray)
 
 ary = [] of RecArray
 ary.push [1, 2, 3]
 ary.push ary
-ary #=> [[1, 2, 3], [...]]
-
+ary # => [[1, 2, 3], [...]]
 
 module Json
   alias Type = Nil |
@@ -876,12 +776,11 @@ module Json
                Hash(String, Type)
 end
 
-
 a = 1
 if a > 0
   a = 10
 end
-a #=> 10
+a # => 10
 
 b = 1
 if b > 2
@@ -889,8 +788,7 @@ if b > 2
 else
   b = 20
 end
-b #=> 20
-
+b # => 20
 
 if some_condition
   do_something
@@ -900,7 +798,6 @@ else
   do_that
 end
 
-
 a = 1
 if some_condition
   a = "hello"
@@ -927,7 +824,6 @@ if some_condition
 end
 # d : Int32 | Nil
 
-
 a = 1
 if some_condition
   a = "hello"
@@ -936,7 +832,6 @@ if some_condition
 end
 # a : String | Int32
 
-
 if some_condition
   e = 1
 else
@@ -946,46 +841,38 @@ else
 end
 # e : Int32
 
-
 enum Color : UInt8
-  Red         # 0
-  Green       # 1
-  Blue   = 5  # overwritten to 5
-  Yellow      # 6 (5 + 1)
+  Red        # 0
+  Green      # 1
+  Blue   = 5 # overwritten to 5
+  Yellow     # 6 (5 + 1)
 
   def red?
     self == Color::Red
   end
 end
 
-Color::Red.value #:: UInt8
-
+Color::Red.value # :: UInt8
 
 @[Flags]
 enum IOMode
-  Read # 1
-  Write  # 2
+  Read  # 1
+  Write # 2
   Async # 4
 end
 
-
-IOMode::None.value #=> 0
-IOMode::All.value  #=> 7
-
+IOMode::None.value # => 0
+IOMode::All.value  # => 7
 
 puts(Color::Red)                    # prints "Red"
 puts(IOMode::Write | IOMode::Async) # prints "Write, Async"
 
+puts Color.new(1) # => prints "Green"
 
-puts Color.new(1) #=> prints "Green"
-
-
-puts Color.new(10) #=> prints "10"
-
-
-Color::Red.red?  #=> true
-Color::Blue.red? #=> false
+puts Color.new(10) # => prints "10"
 
+Color::Red.red?  # => true
+Color::Blue.red? # => false
 
 def paint(color : Color)
   case color
@@ -999,7 +886,6 @@ end
 
 paint Color::Red
 
-
 def paint(color : Symbol)
   case color
   when :red
@@ -1011,17 +897,15 @@ end
 
 paint :red
 
-
 name = "Crystal"
 age = 1
 
-
 flower = "Tulip"
 # At this point 'flower' is a String
 
 flower = 1
-# At this point 'flower' is an Int32
 
+# At this point 'flower' is an Int32
 
 class Foo
   def finalize
@@ -1035,15 +919,13 @@ loop do
   Foo.new
 end
 
-
 # Defines a method in the program
 def add(x, y)
   x + y
 end
 
 # Invokes the add method in the program
-add(1, 2) #=> 3
-
+add(1, 2) # => 3
 
 def even?(num)
   if num % 2 == 0
@@ -1053,7 +935,6 @@ def even?(num)
   return false
 end
 
-
 def add(x, y)
   x + y
 end
@@ -1072,15 +953,14 @@ class Foo
   end
 end
 
-
 def baz(x, y)
   x + y
 end
 
 class Foo
   def bar
-    baz(4, 2) #=> 2
-    ::baz(4, 2) #=> 6
+    baz(4, 2)   # => 2
+    ::baz(4, 2) # => 6
   end
 
   def baz(x, y)
@@ -1088,7 +968,6 @@ class Foo
   end
 end
 
-
 x = 1
 
 def add(y)
@@ -1097,10 +976,8 @@ end
 
 add(2)
 
-
 add 1, 2 # same as add(1, 2)
 
-
 class Counter
   @@instances = 0
 
@@ -1113,12 +990,11 @@ class Counter
   end
 end
 
-Counter.instances #=> 0
+Counter.instances # => 0
 Counter.new
 Counter.new
 Counter.new
-Counter.instances #=> 3
-
+Counter.instances # => 3
 
 class Counter
   def self.increment
@@ -1128,7 +1004,6 @@ end
 
 Counter.increment # Error: undefined method '+' for Nil
 
-
 class Parent
   @@counter = 0
 end
@@ -1139,8 +1014,7 @@ class Child < Parent
   end
 end
 
-Child.counter #=> nil
-
+Child.counter # => nil
 
 unless some_condition
   then_expression
@@ -1151,17 +1025,13 @@ end
 # Can also be written as a suffix
 close_door unless door_closed?
 
-
 a = 1
-b = typeof(a) #=> Int32
-
-
-typeof(1, "a", 'a') #=> (Int32 | String | Char)
+b = typeof(a) # => Int32
 
+typeof(1, "a", 'a') # => (Int32 | String | Char)
 
 hash = {} of Int32 => String
-another_hash = typeof(hash).new #:: Hash(Int32, String)
-
+another_hash = typeof(hash).new # :: Hash(Int32, String)
 
 class Array
   def self.elem_type(typ)
@@ -1175,19 +1045,16 @@ end
 
 nest = [1, ["b", [:c, ['d']]]]
 flat = Array(typeof(Array.elem_type(nest))).new
-typeof(nest) #=> Array(Int32 | Array(String | Array(Symbol | Array(Char))))
-typeof(flat) #=> Array(String | Int32 | Symbol | Char)
-
+typeof(nest) # => Array(Int32 | Array(String | Array(Symbol | Array(Char))))
+typeof(flat) # => Array(String | Int32 | Symbol | Char)
 
 a = 2 if some_condition
 
-
 x = 0
 proc = ->{ x += 1; x }
-proc.call #=> 1
-proc.call #=> 2
-x         #=> 2
-
+proc.call # => 1
+proc.call # => 2
+x         # => 2
 
 def counter
   x = 0
@@ -1195,9 +1062,8 @@ def counter
 end
 
 proc = counter
-proc.call #=> 1
-proc.call #=> 2
-
+proc.call # => 1
+proc.call # => 2
 
 def foo
   yield
@@ -1209,7 +1075,6 @@ foo do
 end
 x # : Int32 | String
 
-
 x = 1
 foo do
   x = "hello"
@@ -1219,7 +1084,6 @@ x # : Int32 | String
 x = 'a'
 x # : Char
 
-
 def capture(&block)
   block
 end
@@ -1230,7 +1094,6 @@ capture { x = "hello" }
 x = 'a'
 x # : Int32 | String | Char
 
-
 def capture(&block)
   block
 end
@@ -1241,7 +1104,6 @@ x = 1
 x = 'a'
 x # : Int32 | String | Char
 
-
 abstract class Animal
   # Makes this animal talk
   abstract def talk
@@ -1269,9 +1131,7 @@ end
 john = Person.new "John", Dog.new
 peter = Person.new "Peter", Cat.new
 
-
-john.pet.talk #=> "Woof!"
-
+john.pet.talk # => "Woof!"
 
 a = 1 > 2 ? 3 : 4
 
@@ -1282,21 +1142,18 @@ a = if 1 > 2
       4
     end
 
-
 def some_method : String
   "hello"
 end
 
-
 PI = 3.14
 
 module Earth
   RADIUS = 6_371_000
 end
 
-PI #=> 3.14
-Earth::RADIUS #=> 6_371_000
-
+PI            # => 3.14
+Earth::RADIUS # => 6_371_000
 
 TEN = begin
   a = 0
@@ -1306,8 +1163,7 @@ TEN = begin
   a
 end
 
-TEN #=> 10
-
+TEN # => 10
 
 class Person
   getter name
@@ -1318,19 +1174,16 @@ class Person
 end
 
 john = Person.new "John"
-john.name #=> "John"
-john.name.size #=> 4
-
+john.name      # => "John"
+john.name.size # => 4
 
 one = Person.new 1
-one.name #=> 1
-one.name + 2 #=> 3
-
+one.name     # => 1
+one.name + 2 # => 3
 
 john = Person.new "John"
 one = Person.new 1
 
-
 john = Person.new "John"
 one = Person.new 1
 
@@ -1340,12 +1193,10 @@ john.name.size
 # Error: no overload matches 'String#+' with types Int32
 john.name + 3
 
-
 john = Person.new "John"
 john.name.size
 one = Person.new 1
 
-
 class Person
   getter name
 
@@ -1364,11 +1215,9 @@ end
 john = Person.new "John"
 john.address = "Argentina"
 
-
 # Error: undefined method 'size' for Nil
 john.address.size
 
-
 class Person
   @age = 0
 
@@ -1376,7 +1225,6 @@ class Person
   end
 end
 
-
 class Person
   @age : Int32
 
@@ -1385,27 +1233,23 @@ class Person
   end
 end
 
-
 a = if 2 > 1
       3
     else
       4
     end
-a #=> 3
-
+a # => 3
 
 if 1 > 2
 else
   3
 end
 
-
 def twice(&block)
   yield
   yield
 end
 
-
 twice() do
   puts "Hello!"
 end
@@ -1416,7 +1260,6 @@ end
 
 twice { puts "Hello!" }
 
-
 def twice
   yield 1
   yield 2
@@ -1426,10 +1269,8 @@ twice do |i|
   puts "Got #{i}"
 end
 
-
 twice { |i| puts "Got #{i}" }
 
-
 def many
   yield 1, 2, 3
 end
@@ -1440,7 +1281,6 @@ end
 
 # Output: 6
 
-
 def many
   yield 1, 2, 3
 end
@@ -1451,7 +1291,6 @@ end
 
 # Output: 3
 
-
 def twice
   yield
   yield
@@ -1461,7 +1300,6 @@ twice do |i|
   puts i.inspect
 end
 
-
 def some
   yield 1, 'a'
   yield true, "hello"
@@ -1473,22 +1311,17 @@ some do |first, second|
   # second is Char | String | Nil
 end
 
-
 method do |argument|
   argument.some_method
 end
 
-
 method(&.some_method)
 
-
 method &.some_method(arg1, arg2)
 
-
 method &.+(2)
 method &.[index]
 
-
 def twice
   v1 = yield 1
   puts v1
@@ -1501,18 +1334,15 @@ twice do |i|
   i + 1
 end
 
-
 ary = [1, 2, 3]
-ary.map { |x| x + 1 }         #=> [2, 3, 4]
-ary.select { |x| x % 2 == 1 } #=> [1, 3]
-
+ary.map { |x| x + 1 }         # => [2, 3, 4]
+ary.select { |x| x % 2 == 1 } # => [1, 3]
 
 def transform(value)
   yield value
 end
 
-transform(1) { |x| x + 1 } #=> 2
-
+transform(1) { |x| x + 1 } # => 2
 
 def thrice
   puts "Before 1"
@@ -1530,15 +1360,13 @@ thrice do |i|
   end
 end
 
-
 def twice
   yield 1
   yield 2
 end
 
-twice { |i| i + 1 } #=> 3
-twice { |i| break "hello" } #=> "hello"
-
+twice { |i| i + 1 }         # => 3
+twice { |i| break "hello" } # => "hello"
 
 value = twice do |i|
   if i == 1
@@ -1546,16 +1374,13 @@ value = twice do |i|
   end
   i + 1
 end
-value #:: Int32 | String
-
+value # :: Int32 | String
 
 values = twice { break 1, 2 }
-values #=> {1, 2}
-
+values # => {1, 2}
 
 value = twice { break }
-value #=> nil
-
+value # => nil
 
 def twice
   yield 1
@@ -1571,8 +1396,6 @@ twice do |i|
   puts "Got #{i}"
 end
 
-
-
 def twice
   v1 = yield 1
   puts v1
@@ -1593,7 +1416,6 @@ end
 # 10
 # 3
 
-
 class Foo
   def one
     1
@@ -1615,7 +1437,6 @@ end
 Foo.new.yield_with_self { one } # => 1
 Foo.new.yield_normally { one }  # => "one"
 
-
 def twice
   yield 1
   yield 2
@@ -1625,18 +1446,15 @@ twice do |i|
   puts "Got: #{i}"
 end
 
-
 i = 1
 puts "Got: #{i}"
 i = 2
 puts "Got: #{i}"
 
-
 3.times do |i|
   puts i
 end
 
-
 struct Int
   def times
     i = 0
@@ -1647,14 +1465,12 @@ struct Int
   end
 end
 
-
 i = 0
 while i < 3
   puts i
   i += 1
 end
 
-
 class Person
   def initialize(@name)
   end
@@ -1670,7 +1486,6 @@ end
 employee = Employee.new "John"
 employee.greet # "Hi, I'm John"
 
-
 class Person
   def initialize(@name)
   end
@@ -1682,9 +1497,8 @@ class Employee < Person
 end
 
 Employee.new "John", "Acme" # OK
-Employee.new "Peter" # Error: wrong number of arguments
-                     # for 'Employee:Class#new' (1 for 2)
-
+Employee.new "Peter"        # Error: wrong number of arguments
+# for 'Employee:Class#new' (1 for 2)
 
 class Person
   def greet(msg)
@@ -1704,7 +1518,6 @@ p.greet "everyone" # "Hi, everyone"
 e = Employee.new
 e.greet "everyone" # "Hello, everyone"
 
-
 class Person
   def greet(msg)
     puts "Hi, #{msg}"
@@ -1722,10 +1535,9 @@ e.greet "everyone" # "Hi, everyone"
 
 e.greet 1 # "Hi, this is a number: 1"
 
-
 class Person
   def greet(msg)
-    puts "Hello, "#{msg}"
+    puts "Hello, " # {msg}"
   end
 end
 
@@ -1736,14 +1548,12 @@ class Employee < Person
   end
 end
 
-
 def int_to_int(&block : Int32 -> Int32)
   block
 end
 
 proc = int_to_int { |x| x + 1 }
-proc.call(1) #=> 2
-
+proc.call(1) # => 2
 
 class Model
   def on_save(&block)
@@ -1761,7 +1571,6 @@ model = Model.new
 model.on_save { puts "Saved!" }
 model.save # prints "Saved!"
 
-
 def some_proc(&block : Int32 ->)
   block
 end
@@ -1769,7 +1578,6 @@ end
 proc = some_proc { |x| x + 1 }
 proc.call(1) # void
 
-
 def some_proc(&block : Int32 -> _)
   block
 end
@@ -1780,15 +1588,13 @@ proc.call(1) # 2
 proc = some_proc { |x| x.to_s }
 proc.call(1) # "1"
 
-
 macro update_x
   x = 1
 end
 
 x = 0
 update_x
-x #=> 1
-
+x # => 1
 
 macro dont_update_x
   %x = 1
@@ -1797,8 +1603,7 @@ end
 
 x = 0
 dont_update_x # outputs 1
-x #=> 0
-
+x             # => 0
 
 macro fresh_vars_sample(*names)
   # First declare vars
@@ -1823,10 +1628,11 @@ fresh_vars_sample a, b, c
 # __temp_256: 1
 # __temp_257: 2
 
-
 class Object
-  macro def instance_vars_names : Array(String)
-    {{ @type.instance_vars.map &.name.stringify }}
+  macro instance_vars_names
+    def instance_vars_names : Array(String)
+      {{ @type.instance_vars.map &.name.stringify }}
+    end
   end
 end
 
@@ -1836,22 +1642,22 @@ class Person
 end
 
 person = Person.new "John", 30
-person.instance_vars_names #=> ["name", "age"]
-
+person.instance_vars_names # => ["name", "age"]
 
 class Object
-  macro def has_instance_var?(name) : Bool
-    # We cannot access name inside the macro expansion here,
-    # instead we need to use the macro language to construct an array
-    # and do the inclusion check at runtime.
-    {{ @type.instance_vars.map &.name.stringify }}.includes? name
+  macro has_instance_var?(name)
+    def has_instance_var?(name) : Bool
+      # We cannot access name inside the macro expansion here,
+      # instead we need to use the macro language to construct an array
+      # and do the inclusion check at runtime.
+      {{ @type.instance_vars.map &.name.stringify }}.includes? name
+    end
   end
 end
 
 person = Person.new "John", 30
-person.has_instance_var?("name") #=> true
-person.has_instance_var?("birthday") #=> false
-
+person.has_instance_var?("name")     # => true
+person.has_instance_var?("birthday") # => false
 
 class Parent
   macro inherited
@@ -1864,8 +1670,7 @@ end
 class Child < Parent
 end
 
-Child.new.child #=> 1
-
+Child.new.child # => 1
 
 macro method_missing(name, args, block)
   print "Got ", {{name.id.stringify}}, " with ", {{args.size}}, " arguments", '\n'
@@ -1874,19 +1679,15 @@ end
 foo          # Prints: Got foo with 0 arguments
 bar 'a', 'b' # Prints: Got bar with 2 arguments
 
-
-sizeof(Int32)  #=> 4
-sizeof(Int64)  #=> 8
-
+sizeof(Int32) # => 4
+sizeof(Int64) # => 8
 
 # On a 64 bits machine
-sizeof(Pointer(Int32)) #=> 8
-sizeof(String)         #=> 8
-
+sizeof(Pointer(Int32)) # => 8
+sizeof(String)         # => 8
 
 a = 1
-sizeof(typeof(a)) #=> 4
-
+sizeof(typeof(a)) # => 4
 
 class Foo
   macro emphasize(value)
@@ -1898,8 +1699,7 @@ class Foo
   end
 end
 
-Foo.new.yield_with_self { emphasize(10) } #=> "***10***"
-
+Foo.new.yield_with_self { emphasize(10) } # => "***10***"
 
 # This generates:
 #
@@ -1908,7 +1708,6 @@ Foo.new.yield_with_self { emphasize(10) } #=> "***10***"
 #     end
 define_method :foo, 1
 
-
 macro define_method(name, content)
   def {{name.id}}
     {{content}}
@@ -1922,7 +1721,6 @@ end
 #     end
 define_method :foo, 1
 
-
 macro define_method(name, content)
   def {{name}}
     {% if content == 1 %}
@@ -1936,15 +1734,13 @@ end
 define_method foo, 1
 define_method bar, 2
 
-foo #=> one
-bar #=> 2
-
+foo # => one
+bar # => 2
 
 {% if env("TEST") %}
   puts "We are in test mode"
 {% end %}
 
-
 macro define_dummy_methods(names)
   {% for name, index in names %}
     def {{name.id}}
@@ -1955,10 +1751,9 @@ end
 
 define_dummy_methods [foo, bar, baz]
 
-foo #=> 0
-bar #=> 1
-baz #=> 2
-
+foo # => 0
+bar # => 1
+baz # => 2
 
 macro define_dummy_methods(hash)
   {% for key, value in hash %}
@@ -1967,10 +1762,10 @@ macro define_dummy_methods(hash)
     end
   {% end %}
 end
-define_dummy_methods({foo: 10, bar: 20})
-foo #=> 10
-bar #=> 20
 
+define_dummy_methods({foo: 10, bar: 20})
+foo # => 10
+bar # => 20
 
 {% for name, index in ["foo", "bar", "baz"] %}
   def {{name.id}}
@@ -1978,10 +1773,9 @@ bar #=> 20
   end
 {% end %}
 
-foo #=> 0
-bar #=> 1
-baz #=> 2
-
+foo # => 0
+bar # => 1
+baz # => 2
 
 macro define_dummy_methods(*names)
   {% for name, index in names %}
@@ -1993,10 +1787,9 @@ end
 
 define_dummy_methods foo, bar, baz
 
-foo #=> 0
-bar #=> 1
-baz #=> 2
-
+foo # => 0
+bar # => 1
+baz # => 2
 
 macro println(*values)
    print {{*values}}, '\n'
@@ -2004,14 +1797,12 @@ end
 
 println 1, 2, 3 # outputs 123\n
 
-
 VALUES = [1, 2, 3]
 
 {% for value in VALUES %}
   puts {{value}}
 {% end %}
 
-
 until some_condition
   do_this
 end
@@ -2021,7 +1812,6 @@ while !some_condition
   do_this
 end
 
-
 a = some_condition ? nil : 3
 # a is Int32 or Nil
 
@@ -2031,22 +1821,18 @@ if a
   a.abs
 end
 
-
 if a = some_expression
   # here a is not nil
 end
 
-
 if a && b
   # here both a and b are guaranteed not to be Nil
 end
 
-
 if @a
   # here @a can be nil
 end
 
-
 # First option: assign it to a variable
 if a = @a
   # here a can't be nil
@@ -2057,13 +1843,11 @@ end
   # here a can't be nil
 end
 
-
 if method # first call to a method that can return Int32 or Nil
-          # here we know that the first call did not return Nil
-  method  # second call can still return Int32 or Nil
+  # here we know that the first call did not return Nil
+  method # second call can still return Int32 or Nil
 end
 
-
 class Person
   def become_older(by = 1)
     @age += by
@@ -2071,27 +1855,24 @@ class Person
 end
 
 john = Person.new "John"
-john.age #=> 0
+john.age # => 0
 
 john.become_older
-john.age #=> 1
+john.age # => 1
 
 john.become_older 2
-john.age #=> 3
-
+john.age # => 3
 
 john.become_older by: 5
 
-
 def some_method(x, y = 1, z = 2, w = 3)
   # do something...
 end
 
-some_method 10 # x = 10, y = 1, z = 2, w = 3
-some_method 10, z: 10 # x = 10, y = 1, z = 10, w = 3
+some_method 10                   # x = 10, y = 1, z = 2, w = 3
+some_method 10, z: 10            # x = 10, y = 1, z = 10, w = 3
 some_method 10, w: 1, y: 2, z: 3 # x = 10, y = 2, z = 3, w = 1
 
-
 case exp
 when value1, value2
   do_something
@@ -2101,7 +1882,6 @@ else
   do_another_thing
 end
 
-
 case var
 when String
   # var : String
@@ -2114,7 +1894,6 @@ else
   do_another_thing
 end
 
-
 case num
 when .even?
   do_something
@@ -2122,7 +1901,6 @@ when .odd?
   do_something_else
 end
 
-
 case
 when cond1, cond2
   do_something
@@ -2130,29 +1908,22 @@ when cond3
   do_something_else
 end
 
-
 a = 1
-a.responds_to?(:abs)    #=> true
-a.responds_to?(:size) #=> false
-
+a.responds_to?(:abs)  # => true
+a.responds_to?(:size) # => false
 
 foo_or_bar = /foo|bar/
-heeello    = /h(e+)llo/
-integer    = /\d+/
-
+heeello = /h(e+)llo/
+integer = /\d+/
 
 r = /foo/imx
 
-
 slash = /\//
 
-
 r = %r(regex with slash: /)
 
-
 "hello world"
 
-
 "\"" # double quote
 "\\" # backslash
 "\e" # escape
@@ -2162,34 +1933,27 @@ r = %r(regex with slash: /)
 "\t" # tab
 "\v" # vertical tab
 
-
 "\101" # == "A"
 "\123" # == "S"
 "\12"  # == "\n"
 "\1"   # string with one character with code point 1
 
-
 "\u0041" # == "A"
 
-
 "\u{41}"    # == "A"
-"\u{1F52E}" # == "🔮"
-
+"\u{1F52E}" # == "🔮"
 
 "hello
       world" # same as "hello\n      world"
 
-
 "hello " \
 "world, " \
 "no newlines" # same as "hello world, no newlines"
 
-
 "hello \
      world, \
      no newlines" # same as "hello world, no newlines"
 
-
 # Supports double quotes and nested parenthesis
 %(hello ("world")) # same as "hello (\"world\")"
 
@@ -2202,14 +1966,12 @@ r = %r(regex with slash: /)
 # Supports double quotes and nested angles
 %<hello <"world">> # same as "hello <\"world\">"
 
-
 <<-XML
 <parent>
   <child />
 </parent>
 XML
 
-
 # Same as "Hello\n  world"
 <<-STRING
   Hello
@@ -2222,33 +1984,28 @@ XML
       world
   STRING
 
-
 a = 1
 b = 2
-"sum = #{a + b}"        # "sum = 3"
-
+"sum = #{a + b}" # "sum = 3"
 
-1.0      # Float64
-1.0_f32  # Float32
-1_f32    # Float32
+1.0     # Float64
+1.0_f32 # Float32
+1_f32   # Float32
 
-1e10     # Float64
-1.5e10   # Float64
-1.5e-7   # Float64
-
-+1.3     # Float64
--0.5     # Float64
+1e10   # Float64
+1.5e10 # Float64
+1.5e-7 # Float64
 
++1.3 # Float64
+-0.5 # Float64
 
 1_000_000.111_111 # better than 1000000.111111
 
-
 'a'
 'z'
 '0'
 '_'
-'あ'
-
+"あ"
 
 '\'' # single quote
 '\\' # backslash
@@ -2259,48 +2016,36 @@ b = 2
 '\t' # tab
 '\v' # vertical tab
 
-
-'\101' # == 'A'
-'\123' # == 'S'
-'\12'  # == '\n'
-'\1'   # code point 1
-
+"\101" # == 'A'
+"\123" # == 'S'
+"\12"  # == '\n'
+"\1"   # code point 1
 
 '\u0041' # == 'A'
 
-
 '\u{41}'    # == 'A'
-'\u{1F52E}' # == '🔮'
-
-
-{1 => 2, 3 => 4}     # Hash(Int32, Int32)
-{1 => 2, 'a' => 3}   # Hash(Int32 | Char, Int32)
+'\u{1F52E}' # == '🔮'
 
+{1 => 2, 3 => 4}   # Hash(Int32, Int32)
+{1 => 2, 'a' => 3} # Hash(Int32 | Char, Int32)
 
 {} of Int32 => Int32 # same as Hash(Int32, Int32).new
 
-
 {key1: 'a', key2: 'b'} # Hash(Symbol, Char)
 
-
 {"key1": 'a', "key2": 'b'} # Hash(String, Char)
 
-
-MyType{"foo": "bar"}
-
+MyType{"foo" => "bar"}
 
 tmp = MyType.new
 tmp["foo"] = "bar"
 tmp
 
-
 tmp = MyType(typeof("foo"), typeof("bar")).new
 tmp["foo"] = "bar"
 tmp
 
-
-MyType(String, String) {"foo": "bar"}
-
+MyType(String, String){"foo" => "bar"}
 
 :hello
 :good_bye
@@ -2340,11 +2085,9 @@ MyType(String, String) {"foo": "bar"}
 :<=>
 :===
 
-
 x..y  # an inclusive range, in mathematics: [x, y]
 x...y # an exclusive range, in mathematics: [x, y)
 
-
 # A proc without arguments
 ->{ 1 } # Proc(Int32)
 
@@ -2354,121 +2097,98 @@ x...y # an exclusive range, in mathematics: [x, y)
 # A proc with two arguments:
 ->(x : Int32, y : Int32) { x + y } # Proc(Int32, Int32, Int32)
 
-
 Proc(Int32, String).new { |x| x.to_s } # Proc(Int32, String)
 
-
 proc = ->(x : Int32, y : Int32) { x + y }
-proc.call(1, 2) #=> 3
-
+proc.call(1, 2) # => 3
 
 def one
   1
 end
 
 proc = ->one
-proc.call #=> 1
-
+proc.call # => 1
 
 def plus_one(x)
   x + 1
 end
 
 proc = ->plus_one(Int32)
-proc.call(41) #=> 42
-
+proc.call(41) # => 42
 
 str = "hello"
 proc = ->str.count(Char)
-proc.call('e') #=> 1
-proc.call('l') #=> 2
-
+proc.call('e') # => 1
+proc.call('l') # => 2
 
 tuple = {1, "hello", 'x'} # Tuple(Int32, String, Char)
-tuple[0]                  #=> 1       (Int32)
-tuple[1]                  #=> "hello" (String)
-tuple[2]                  #=> 'x'     (Char)
-
+tuple[0]                  # => 1       (Int32)
+tuple[1]                  # => "hello" (String)
+tuple[2]                  # => 'x'     (Char)
 
 [1, 2, 3]         # Array(Int32)
 [1, "hello", 'x'] # Array(Int32 | String | Char)
 
-
 [] of Int32 # same as Array(Int32).new
 
-
 %w(one two three) # ["one", "two", "three"]
 
-
 %i(one two three) # [:one, :two, :three]
 
-
 MyType{1, 2, 3}
 
-
 tmp = MyType.new
 tmp << 1
 tmp << 2
 tmp << 3
 tmp
 
-
 tmp = MyType(typeof(1, 2, 3)).new
 tmp << 1
 tmp << 2
 tmp << 3
 tmp
 
-
-MyType(Int32 | String) {1, 2, "foo"}
-
+MyType(Int32 | String){1, 2, "foo"}
 
 nil
 
+1 # Int32
 
-1      # Int32
-
-1_i8   # Int8
-1_i16  # Int16
-1_i32  # Int32
-1_i64  # Int64
+1_i8  # Int8
+1_i16 # Int16
+1_i32 # Int32
+1_i64 # Int64
 
-1_u8   # UInt8
-1_u16  # UInt16
-1_u32  # UInt32
-1_u64  # UInt64
+1_u8  # UInt8
+1_u16 # UInt16
+1_u32 # UInt32
+1_u64 # UInt64
 
-+10    # Int32
--20    # Int32
++10 # Int32
+-20 # Int32
 
 2147483648          # Int64
 9223372036854775808 # UInt64
 
-
 1_000_000 # better than 1000000
 
-
 0b1101 # == 13
 
-
 0o123 # == 83
 
-
 0xFE012D # == 16646445
 0xfe012d # == 16646445
 
-
 true  # A Bool that is true
 false # A Bool that is false
 
-
 a = 1
 
 ptr = pointerof(a)
 ptr.value = 2
 
-a #=> 2
-
+a # => 2
 
 class Point
   def initialize(@x, @y)
@@ -2488,8 +2208,7 @@ point = Point.new 1, 2
 ptr = point.x_ptr
 ptr.value = 10
 
-point.x #=> 10
-
+point.x # => 10
 
 def add(x : Number, y : Number)
   x + y
@@ -2501,14 +2220,12 @@ add 1, 2 # Ok
 # Error: no overload matches 'add' with types Bool, Bool
 add true, false
 
-
 def add(x, y)
   x + y
 end
 
 add true, false
 
-
 # A class that has a + method but isn't a Number
 class Six
   def +(other)
@@ -2532,7 +2249,6 @@ end
 # Error: no overload matches 'restricted_add' with types Six, Int32
 restricted_add Six.new, 10
 
-
 class Person
   def ==(other : self)
     other.name == name
@@ -2547,10 +2263,9 @@ john = Person.new "John"
 another_john = Person.new "John"
 peter = Person.new "Peter"
 
-john == another_john #=> true
-john == peter #=> false (names differ)
-john == 1 #=> false (because 1 is not a Person)
-
+john == another_john # => true
+john == peter        # => false (names differ)
+john == 1            # => false (because 1 is not a Person)
 
 class Person
   def self.compare(p1 : self, p2 : self)
@@ -2563,21 +2278,18 @@ peter = Person.new "Peter"
 
 Person.compare(john, peter) # OK
 
-
 def foo(x : Int32)
 end
 
 foo 1       # OK
 foo "hello" # Error
 
-
 def foo(x : Int32.class)
 end
 
 foo Int32  # OK
 foo String # Error
 
-
 def foo(x : Int32.class)
   puts "Got Int32"
 end
@@ -2589,7 +2301,6 @@ end
 foo Int32  # prints "Got Int32"
 foo String # prints "Got String"
 
-
 def foo(*args : Int32)
 end
 
@@ -2601,35 +2312,30 @@ foo "a", "b", "c" # OK, invokes second overload
 foo 1, 2, "hello" # Error
 foo()             # Error
 
-
 def foo
   # This is the empty-tuple case
 end
 
-
 def foo(x : T)
   T
 end
 
-foo(1)       #=> Int32
-foo("hello") #=> String
-
+foo(1)       # => Int32
+foo("hello") # => String
 
 def foo(x : Array(T))
   T
 end
 
-foo([1, 2])   #=> Int32
-foo([1, "a"]) #=> (Int32 | String)
-
+foo([1, 2])   # => Int32
+foo([1, "a"]) # => (Int32 | String)
 
 def foo(x : T.class)
   Array(T)
 end
 
-foo(Int32)  #=> Array(Int32)
-foo(String) #=> Array(String)
-
+foo(Int32)  # => Array(Int32)
+foo(String) # => Array(String)
 
 class Person
   # Increases age by one
@@ -2657,50 +2363,44 @@ end
 person = Person.new "John"
 
 person.become_older
-person.age #=> 1
+person.age # => 1
 
 person.become_older 5
-person.age #=> 6
+person.age # => 6
 
 person.become_older "12"
-person.age #=> 18
+person.age # => 18
 
 person.become_older do |current_age|
   current_age < 20 ? 10 : 30
 end
-person.age #=> 28
-
+person.age # => 28
 
 a = 1
-a.is_a?(Int32)          #=> true
-a.is_a?(String)         #=> false
-a.is_a?(Number)         #=> true
-a.is_a?(Int32 | String) #=> true
-
+a.is_a?(Int32)          # => true
+a.is_a?(String)         # => false
+a.is_a?(Number)         # => true
+a.is_a?(Int32 | String) # => true
 
 # One for each thread
 @[ThreadLocal]
-$values = [] of Int32
-
+values = [] of Int32
 
 @[AlwaysInline]
 def foo
   1
 end
 
-
 @[NoInline]
 def foo
   1
 end
 
-
 lib LibFoo
   @[CallConvention("X86_StdCall")]
   fun foo : Int32
 end
 
-
 def sum(*elements)
   total = 0
   elements.each do |value|
@@ -2712,12 +2412,10 @@ end
 # elements is Tuple(Int32, Int32, Int32, Float64)
 sum 1, 2, 3, 4.5
 
-
 if a.responds_to?(:abs)
   # here a's type will be reduced to those responding to the 'abs' method
 end
 
-
 a = some_condition ? 1 : "hello"
 # a : Int32 | String
 
@@ -2727,12 +2425,10 @@ else
   # here a will be String
 end
 
-
 if (a = @a).responds_to?(:abs)
   # here a is guaranteed to respond to `abs`
 end
 
-
 def capture(&block)
   block
 end
@@ -2744,9 +2440,6 @@ end
 proc = capture { puts "Hello" }
 invoke(&proc) # prints "Hello"
 
-
-
-
 def capture(&block)
   block
 end
@@ -2759,17 +2452,14 @@ end
 proc = capture { puts "Hello" }
 twice &proc
 
-
 twice &->{ puts "Hello" }
 
-
 def say_hello
   puts "Hello"
 end
 
 twice &->say_hello
 
-
 def foo
   yield 1
 end
@@ -2786,7 +2476,6 @@ wrap_foo do |i|
   puts i
 end
 
-
 def foo
   yield 1
 end
@@ -2801,12 +2490,10 @@ wrap_foo do |i|
   puts i
 end
 
-
 foo_forward do |i|
   break # error
 end
 
-
 a = 2
 while (a += 1) < 20
   if a == 10
@@ -2814,8 +2501,7 @@ while (a += 1) < 20
     break
   end
 end
-puts a #=> 10
-
+puts a # => 10
 
 class Person
   private def say(message)
@@ -2823,7 +2509,7 @@ class Person
   end
 
   def say_hello
-    say "hello" # OK, no receiver
+    say "hello"      # OK, no receiver
     self.say "hello" # Error, self is a receiver
 
     other = Person.new "Other"
@@ -2831,14 +2517,12 @@ class Person
   end
 end
 
-
 class Employee < Person
   def say_bye
     say "bye" # OK
   end
 end
 
-
 module Namespace
   class Foo
     protected def foo
@@ -2856,7 +2540,6 @@ end
 
 Namespace::Bar.new.bar
 
-
 class Person
   protected def self.say(message)
     puts message
@@ -2867,5 +2550,8 @@ class Person
   end
 end
 
-
 buffer = uninitialized UInt8[256]
+
+foo = rand(5) > 1 ? 1 : nil
+
+foo.not_nil!.to_i