Move from % string formatting syntax to f-string or .format()

39 files changed, 115 insertions, 115 deletions

diff --git a/doc/conf.py b/doc/conf.py
index c2d1a6d1b..a727c75e3 100644
--- a/doc/conf.py
+++ b/doc/conf.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ master_doc = "index"
 # General information about the project.
 project = "Pylint"
 current_year = datetime.utcnow().year
-copyright = "2003-{year}, Logilab, PyCQA and contributors".format(year=current_year)
+copyright = f"2003-{current_year}, Logilab, PyCQA and contributors"
 
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
 release = version
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/base.py b/pylint/checkers/base.py
index e9d2bb785..647c201d9 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/base.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/base.py
@@ -1345,12 +1345,12 @@ class BasicChecker(_BasicChecker):
                     if is_iterable(default):
                         msg = value.pytype()
                     elif isinstance(default, astroid.Call):
-                        msg = "%s() (%s)" % (value.name, value.qname())
+                        msg = f"{value.name}() ({value.qname()})"
                     else:
-                        msg = "%s (%s)" % (default.as_string(), value.qname())
+                        msg = f"{default.as_string()} ({value.qname()})"
                 else:
                     # this argument is a name
-                    msg = "%s (%s)" % (
+                    msg = "{} ({})".format(
                         default.as_string(),
                         DEFAULT_ARGUMENT_SYMBOLS[value.qname()],
                     )
@@ -1695,7 +1695,7 @@ def _create_naming_options():
         name_type = name_type.replace("_", "-")
         name_options.append(
             (
-                "%s-naming-style" % (name_type,),
+                f"{name_type}-naming-style",
                 {
                     "default": default_style,
                     "type": "choice",
@@ -1708,7 +1708,7 @@ def _create_naming_options():
         )
         name_options.append(
             (
-                "%s-rgx" % (name_type,),
+                f"{name_type}-rgx",
                 {
                     "default": None,
                     "type": "regexp",
@@ -1852,7 +1852,7 @@ class NameChecker(_BasicChecker):
         )
         for group in self.config.name_group:
             for name_type in group.split(":"):
-                self._name_group[name_type] = "group_%s" % (group,)
+                self._name_group[name_type] = f"group_{group}"
 
         regexps, hints = self._create_naming_rules()
         self._name_regexps = regexps
@@ -1869,12 +1869,12 @@ class NameChecker(_BasicChecker):
         hints = {}
 
         for name_type in KNOWN_NAME_TYPES:
-            naming_style_option_name = "%s_naming_style" % (name_type,)
+            naming_style_option_name = f"{name_type}_naming_style"
             naming_style_name = getattr(self.config, naming_style_option_name)
 
             regexps[name_type] = NAMING_STYLES[naming_style_name].get_regex(name_type)
 
-            custom_regex_setting_name = "%s_rgx" % (name_type,)
+            custom_regex_setting_name = f"{name_type}_rgx"
             custom_regex = getattr(self.config, custom_regex_setting_name, None)
             if custom_regex is not None:
                 regexps[name_type] = custom_regex
@@ -2448,7 +2448,7 @@ class ComparisonChecker(_BasicChecker):
         self.add_message(
             "nan-comparison",
             node=root_node,
-            args=("'{}'".format(root_node.as_string()), suggestion),
+            args=(f"'{root_node.as_string()}'", suggestion),
         )
 
     def _check_literal_comparison(self, literal, node):
@@ -2469,7 +2469,7 @@ class ComparisonChecker(_BasicChecker):
         if isinstance(right, astroid.Const):
             return
         operator = REVERSED_COMPS.get(operator, operator)
-        suggestion = "%s %s %r" % (right.as_string(), operator, left.value)
+        suggestion = f"{right.as_string()} {operator} {left.value!r}"
         self.add_message("misplaced-comparison-constant", node=node, args=(suggestion,))
 
     def _check_logical_tautology(self, node):
@@ -2496,7 +2496,7 @@ class ComparisonChecker(_BasicChecker):
             right_operand = right_operand.name
 
         if left_operand == right_operand:
-            suggestion = "%s %s %s" % (left_operand, operator, right_operand)
+            suggestion = f"{left_operand} {operator} {right_operand}"
             self.add_message("comparison-with-itself", node=node, args=(suggestion,))
 
     def _check_callable_comparison(self, node):
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/classes.py b/pylint/checkers/classes.py
index 8ad035081..aada6bbf3 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/classes.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/classes.py
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ a metaclass class method.",
             if not ancestor:
                 continue
             if isinstance(ancestor, astroid.Instance) and ancestor.is_subtype_of(
-                "%s.type" % (BUILTINS,)
+                f"{BUILTINS}.type"
             ):
                 continue
             if (
@@ -1604,7 +1604,7 @@ a metaclass class method.",
                 valid = repr(config[0])
             else:
                 valid = ", ".join(repr(v) for v in config[:-1])
-                valid = "%s or %r" % (valid, config[-1])
+                valid = "{} or {!r}".format(valid, config[-1])
             self.add_message(message, args=(method_name, valid), node=node)
 
     def _check_bases_classes(self, node):
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/exceptions.py b/pylint/checkers/exceptions.py
index b4683d1b6..589ec060f 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/exceptions.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/exceptions.py
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ class ExceptionsChecker(checkers.BaseChecker):
     def visit_binop(self, node):
         if isinstance(node.parent, astroid.ExceptHandler):
             # except (V | A)
-            suggestion = "Did you mean '(%s, %s)' instead?" % (
+            suggestion = "Did you mean '({}, {})' instead?".format(
                 node.left.as_string(),
                 node.right.as_string(),
             )
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ class ExceptionsChecker(checkers.BaseChecker):
     def visit_compare(self, node):
         if isinstance(node.parent, astroid.ExceptHandler):
             # except (V < A)
-            suggestion = "Did you mean '(%s, %s)' instead?" % (
+            suggestion = "Did you mean '({}, {})' instead?".format(
                 node.left.as_string(),
                 ", ".join(operand.as_string() for _, operand in node.ops),
             )
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ class ExceptionsChecker(checkers.BaseChecker):
 
                     for previous_exc in exceptions_classes:
                         if previous_exc in exc_ancestors:
-                            msg = "%s is an ancestor class of %s" % (
+                            msg = "{} is an ancestor class of {}".format(
                                 previous_exc.name,
                                 exc.name,
                             )
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/imports.py b/pylint/checkers/imports.py
index b1dc68e93..3c90a42d6 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/imports.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/imports.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def _get_import_name(importnode, modname):
 
 def _get_first_import(node, context, name, base, level, alias):
     """return the node where [base.]<name> is imported or None if not found"""
-    fullname = "%s.%s" % (base, name) if base else name
+    fullname = f"{base}.{name}" if base else name
 
     first = None
     found = False
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def _get_first_import(node, context, name, base, level, alias):
         elif isinstance(first, astroid.ImportFrom):
             if level == first.level:
                 for imported_name, imported_alias in first.names:
-                    if fullname == "%s.%s" % (first.modname, imported_name):
+                    if fullname == f"{first.modname}.{imported_name}":
                         found = True
                         break
                     if (
@@ -161,10 +161,10 @@ def _repr_tree_defs(data, indent_str=None):
         else:
             files = "(%s)" % ",".join(sorted(files))
         if indent_str is None:
-            lines.append("%s %s" % (mod, files))
+            lines.append(f"{mod} {files}")
             sub_indent_str = "  "
         else:
-            lines.append(r"%s\-%s %s" % (indent_str, mod, files))
+            lines.append(fr"{indent_str}\-{mod} {files}")
             if i == len(nodes) - 1:
                 sub_indent_str = "%s  " % indent_str
             else:
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ def _make_graph(filename, dep_info, sect, gtype):
     report's section
     """
     _dependencies_graph(filename, dep_info)
-    sect.append(Paragraph("%simports graph has been written to %s" % (gtype, filename)))
+    sect.append(Paragraph(f"{gtype}imports graph has been written to {filename}"))
 
 
 # the import checker itself ###################################################
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ class ImportsChecker(BaseChecker):
             return
         for name, _ in node.names:
             if name != "*":
-                self._add_imported_module(node, "%s.%s" % (imported_module.name, name))
+                self._add_imported_module(node, f"{imported_module.name}.{name}")
             else:
                 self._add_imported_module(node, imported_module.name)
 
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/misc.py b/pylint/checkers/misc.py
index fd17fba33..2da9082d6 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/misc.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/misc.py
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class EncodingChecker(BaseChecker):
 
         notes = "|".join(map(re.escape, self.config.notes))
         if self.config.notes_rgx:
-            regex_string = r"#\s*(%s|%s)\b" % (notes, self.config.notes_rgx)
+            regex_string = fr"#\s*({notes}|{self.config.notes_rgx})\b"
         else:
             regex_string = r"#\s*(%s)\b" % (notes)
 
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/refactoring/not_checker.py b/pylint/checkers/refactoring/not_checker.py
index e48a7eaae..48592c1b5 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/refactoring/not_checker.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/refactoring/not_checker.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class NotChecker(checkers.BaseChecker):
     skipped_nodes = (astroid.Set,)
     # 'builtins' py3, '__builtin__' py2
     skipped_classnames = [
-        "%s.%s" % (builtins.__name__, qname) for qname in ("set", "frozenset")
+        f"{builtins.__name__}.{qname}" for qname in ("set", "frozenset")
     ]
 
     @utils.check_messages("unneeded-not")
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class NotChecker(checkers.BaseChecker):
                     and _type.qname() in self.skipped_classnames
                 ):
                     return
-            suggestion = "%s %s %s" % (
+            suggestion = "{} {} {}".format(
                 left.as_string(),
                 self.reverse_op[operator],
                 right.as_string(),
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py b/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
index ae02b1655..c22e26163 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/refactoring/refactoring_checker.py
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ class RefactoringChecker(checkers.BaseTokenChecker):
         values = list(collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(values))
         values.remove(common_variable)
         values_string = ", ".join(values) if len(values) != 1 else values[0] + ","
-        suggestion = "%s %s (%s)" % (common_variable, comprehension, values_string)
+        suggestion = f"{common_variable} {comprehension} ({values_string})"
 
         self.add_message("consider-using-in", node=node, args=(suggestion,))
 
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/similar.py b/pylint/checkers/similar.py
index 1f817ada2..5b141c6dc 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/similar.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/similar.py
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class Similar:
             couples = sorted(couples)
             lineset = idx = None
             for lineset, idx in couples:
-                print("==%s:%s" % (lineset.name, idx))
+                print(f"=={lineset.name}:{idx}")
             if lineset:
                 for line in lineset._real_lines[idx : idx + num]:
                     print("  ", line.rstrip())
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ class SimilarChecker(BaseChecker, Similar, MapReduceMixin):
             msg = []
             lineset = idx = None
             for lineset, idx in couples:
-                msg.append("==%s:%s" % (lineset.name, idx))
+                msg.append(f"=={lineset.name}:{idx}")
             msg.sort()
 
             if lineset:
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/spelling.py b/pylint/checkers/spelling.py
index 4abf6fa97..587807723 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/spelling.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/spelling.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ if enchant is not None:
     br = enchant.Broker()
     dicts = br.list_dicts()
     dict_choices = [""] + [d[0] for d in dicts]
-    dicts = ["%s (%s)" % (d[0], d[1].name) for d in dicts]
+    dicts = ["{} ({})".format(d[0], d[1].name) for d in dicts]
     dicts = ", ".join(dicts)
     instr = ""
 else:
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ class SpellingChecker(BaseTokenChecker):
                     col += 1
                 indicator = (" " * col) + ("^" * len(word))
                 all_suggestion = "' or '".join(suggestions)
-                args = (word, original_line, indicator, "'{}'".format(all_suggestion))
+                args = (word, original_line, indicator, f"'{all_suggestion}'")
                 self.add_message(msgid, line=line_num, args=args)
 
     def process_tokens(self, tokens):
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/strings.py b/pylint/checkers/strings.py
index 5769f6e52..c23906ec9 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/strings.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/strings.py
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ def get_access_path(key, parts):
         if is_attribute:
             path.append(f".{specifier}")
         else:
-            path.append("[{!r}]".format(specifier))
+            path.append(f"[{specifier!r}]")
     return str(key) + "".join(path)
 
 
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/typecheck.py b/pylint/checkers/typecheck.py
index 84607b3e1..e0785a4f0 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/typecheck.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/typecheck.py
@@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ accessed. Python regular expressions are accepted.",
             ):
                 continue
 
-            qualname = "{}.{}".format(owner.pytype(), node.attrname)
+            qualname = f"{owner.pytype()}.{node.attrname}"
             if any(
                 pattern.match(qualname) for pattern in self._compiled_generated_members
             ):
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/utils.py b/pylint/checkers/utils.py
index 66a6d5f4d..6c2a934c7 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/utils.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/utils.py
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ def clobber_in_except(
     (False, None) otherwise.
     """
     if isinstance(node, astroid.AssignAttr):
-        return True, (node.attrname, "object %r" % (node.expr.as_string(),))
+        return True, (node.attrname, f"object {node.expr.as_string()!r}")
     if isinstance(node, astroid.AssignName):
         name = node.name
         if is_builtin(name):
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/variables.py b/pylint/checkers/variables.py
index bae89d7d5..01cf8ecbd 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/variables.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/variables.py
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ def _get_unpacking_extra_info(node, inferred):
         elif inferred.lineno:
             more = " defined at line %s" % inferred.lineno
     elif inferred.lineno:
-        more = " defined at line %s of %s" % (inferred.lineno, inferred_module)
+        more = f" defined at line {inferred.lineno} of {inferred_module}"
     return more
 
 
@@ -1636,20 +1636,20 @@ class VariablesChecker(BaseChecker):
             else:
                 if isinstance(stmt, astroid.Import):
                     if asname is not None:
-                        msg = "%s imported as %s" % (qname, asname)
+                        msg = f"{qname} imported as {asname}"
                     else:
                         msg = "import %s" % name
                     self.add_message("unused-import", args=msg, node=stmt)
                     return
                 if isinstance(stmt, astroid.ImportFrom):
                     if asname is not None:
-                        msg = "%s imported from %s as %s" % (
+                        msg = "{} imported from {} as {}".format(
                             qname,
                             stmt.modname,
                             asname,
                         )
                     else:
-                        msg = "%s imported from %s" % (name, stmt.modname)
+                        msg = f"{name} imported from {stmt.modname}"
                     self.add_message("unused-import", args=msg, node=stmt)
                     return
                 message_name = "unused-variable"
@@ -2002,7 +2002,7 @@ class VariablesChecker(BaseChecker):
                     if as_name is None:
                         msg = "import %s" % imported_name
                     else:
-                        msg = "%s imported as %s" % (imported_name, as_name)
+                        msg = f"{imported_name} imported as {as_name}"
                     if not _is_type_checking_import(stmt):
                         self.add_message("unused-import", args=msg, node=stmt)
                 elif isinstance(stmt, astroid.ImportFrom) and stmt.modname != FUTURE:
@@ -2024,7 +2024,7 @@ class VariablesChecker(BaseChecker):
                         self.add_message("unused-wildcard-import", args=name, node=stmt)
                     else:
                         if as_name is None:
-                            msg = "%s imported from %s" % (imported_name, stmt.modname)
+                            msg = f"{imported_name} imported from {stmt.modname}"
                         else:
                             fields = (imported_name, stmt.modname, as_name)
                             msg = "%s imported from %s as %s" % fields
diff --git a/pylint/config/__init__.py b/pylint/config/__init__.py
index 21387a9df..41c303666 100644
--- a/pylint/config/__init__.py
+++ b/pylint/config/__init__.py
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ else:
 
 def _get_pdata_path(base_name, recurs):
     base_name = base_name.replace(os.sep, "_")
-    return os.path.join(PYLINT_HOME, "%s%s%s" % (base_name, recurs, ".stats"))
+    return os.path.join(PYLINT_HOME, "{}{}{}".format(base_name, recurs, ".stats"))
 
 
 def load_results(base):
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def save_results(results, base):
         with open(data_file, "wb") as stream:
             pickle.dump(results, stream)
     except OSError as ex:
-        print("Unable to create file %s: %s" % (data_file, ex), file=sys.stderr)
+        print(f"Unable to create file {data_file}: {ex}", file=sys.stderr)
 
 
 def find_pylintrc():
diff --git a/pylint/config/man_help_formatter.py b/pylint/config/man_help_formatter.py
index 66aa1cb9c..ab3b7e749 100644
--- a/pylint/config/man_help_formatter.py
+++ b/pylint/config/man_help_formatter.py
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ class _ManHelpFormatter(optparse.HelpFormatter):
             help_string = help_string.replace("[current:", "[default:")
         else:
             help_string = ""
-        return """.IP "%s"
-%s
-""" % (
+        return """.IP "{}"
+{}
+""".format(
             optstring,
             help_string,
         )
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class _ManHelpFormatter(optparse.HelpFormatter):
         short_desc = self.format_short_description(pgm, pkginfo.description)
         if hasattr(pkginfo, "long_desc"):
             long_desc = self.format_long_description(pgm, pkginfo.long_desc)
-        return "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s" % (
+        return "{}\n{}\n{}\n{}".format(
             self.format_title(pgm, section),
             short_desc,
             self.format_synopsis(pgm),
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ class _ManHelpFormatter(optparse.HelpFormatter):
     @staticmethod
     def format_title(pgm, section):
         date = "%d-%02d-%02d" % time.localtime()[:3]
-        return '.TH %s %s "%s" %s' % (pgm, section, date, pgm)
+        return f'.TH {pgm} {section} "{date}" {pgm}'
 
     @staticmethod
     def format_short_description(pgm, short_desc):
         return """.SH NAME
-.B %s
-\\- %s
-""" % (
+.B {}
+\\- {}
+""".format(
             pgm,
             short_desc.strip(),
         )
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ class _ManHelpFormatter(optparse.HelpFormatter):
         if long_desc.lower().startswith(pgm):
             long_desc = long_desc[len(pgm) :]
         return """.SH DESCRIPTION
-.B %s
-%s
-""" % (
+.B {}
+{}
+""".format(
             pgm,
             long_desc.strip(),
         )
@@ -103,15 +103,15 @@ class _ManHelpFormatter(optparse.HelpFormatter):
     @staticmethod
     def format_tail(pkginfo):
         tail = """.SH SEE ALSO
-/usr/share/doc/pythonX.Y-%s/
+/usr/share/doc/pythonX.Y-{}/
 
 .SH BUGS
 Please report bugs on the project\'s mailing list:
-%s
+{}
 
 .SH AUTHOR
-%s <%s>
-""" % (
+{} <{}>
+""".format(
             getattr(pkginfo, "debian_name", "pylint"),
             pkginfo.mailinglist,
             pkginfo.author,
diff --git a/pylint/config/option.py b/pylint/config/option.py
index 74a335d61..b2573e96e 100644
--- a/pylint/config/option.py
+++ b/pylint/config/option.py
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def _call_validator(opttype, optdict, option, value):
             return VALIDATORS[opttype](value)
         except Exception as e:
             raise optparse.OptionValueError(
-                "%s value (%r) should be of type %s" % (option, value, opttype)
+                f"{option} value ({value!r}) should be of type {opttype}"
             ) from e
 
 
diff --git a/pylint/config/options_provider_mixin.py b/pylint/config/options_provider_mixin.py
index cae6d5865..2c5f7fb41 100644
--- a/pylint/config/options_provider_mixin.py
+++ b/pylint/config/options_provider_mixin.py
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class OptionsProviderMixIn:
             if option[0] == opt:
                 return option[1]
         raise optparse.OptionError(
-            "no such option %s in section %r" % (opt, self.name), opt
+            f"no such option {opt} in section {self.name!r}", opt
         )
 
     def options_by_section(self):
diff --git a/pylint/constants.py b/pylint/constants.py
index 660204eef..f6f3b189b 100644
--- a/pylint/constants.py
+++ b/pylint/constants.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class WarningScope:
     NODE = "node-based-msg"
 
 
-full_version = "pylint %s\nastroid %s\nPython %s" % (
+full_version = "pylint {}\nastroid {}\nPython {}".format(
     pylint_version,
     astroid_version,
     sys.version,
diff --git a/pylint/extensions/bad_builtin.py b/pylint/extensions/bad_builtin.py
index 49aa5a8f9..9f1108606 100644
--- a/pylint/extensions/bad_builtin.py
+++ b/pylint/extensions/bad_builtin.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class BadBuiltinChecker(BaseChecker):
                 if name in self.config.bad_functions:
                     hint = BUILTIN_HINTS.get(name)
                     if hint:
-                        args = "%r. %s" % (name, hint)
+                        args = f"{name!r}. {hint}"
                     else:
                         args = repr(name)
                     self.add_message("bad-builtin", node=node, args=args)
diff --git a/pylint/extensions/mccabe.py b/pylint/extensions/mccabe.py
index 7865551d1..0eea393ee 100644
--- a/pylint/extensions/mccabe.py
+++ b/pylint/extensions/mccabe.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class PathGraphingAstVisitor(Mccabe_PathGraphingAstVisitor):
             self.graph = PathGraph(node)
             self.tail = node
             self.dispatch_list(node.body)
-            self.graphs["%s%s" % (self.classname, node.name)] = self.graph
+            self.graphs[f"{self.classname}{node.name}"] = self.graph
             self.reset()
 
     visitAsyncFunctionDef = visitFunctionDef
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class PathGraphingAstVisitor(Mccabe_PathGraphingAstVisitor):
             # global loop
             self.graph = PathGraph(node)
             self._subgraph_parse(node, node, extra_blocks)
-            self.graphs["%s%s" % (self.classname, name)] = self.graph
+            self.graphs[f"{self.classname}{name}"] = self.graph
             self.reset()
         else:
             self._append_node(node)
diff --git a/pylint/graph.py b/pylint/graph.py
index b1fe460d8..e689a6883 100644
--- a/pylint/graph.py
+++ b/pylint/graph.py
@@ -134,16 +134,16 @@ class DotBackend:
         """emit an edge from <name1> to <name2>.
         edge properties: see https://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/attrs.html
         """
-        attrs = ['%s="%s"' % (prop, value) for prop, value in props.items()]
+        attrs = [f'{prop}="{value}"' for prop, value in props.items()]
         n_from, n_to = normalize_node_id(name1), normalize_node_id(name2)
-        self.emit("%s -> %s [%s];" % (n_from, n_to, ", ".join(sorted(attrs))))
+        self.emit("{} -> {} [{}];".format(n_from, n_to, ", ".join(sorted(attrs))))
 
     def emit_node(self, name, **props):
         """emit a node with given properties.
         node properties: see https://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/attrs.html
         """
-        attrs = ['%s="%s"' % (prop, value) for prop, value in props.items()]
-        self.emit("%s [%s];" % (normalize_node_id(name), ", ".join(sorted(attrs))))
+        attrs = [f'{prop}="{value}"' for prop, value in props.items()]
+        self.emit("{} [{}];".format(normalize_node_id(name), ", ".join(sorted(attrs))))
 
 
 def normalize_node_id(nid):
diff --git a/pylint/lint/pylinter.py b/pylint/lint/pylinter.py
index 63ba9b02f..3ce5f53b3 100644
--- a/pylint/lint/pylinter.py
+++ b/pylint/lint/pylinter.py
@@ -657,12 +657,12 @@ class PyLinter(
 
     def list_messages_enabled(self):
         enabled = [
-            "  %s (%s)" % (message.symbol, message.msgid)
+            f"  {message.symbol} ({message.msgid})"
             for message in self.msgs_store.messages
             if self.is_message_enabled(message.msgid)
         ]
         disabled = [
-            "  %s (%s)" % (message.symbol, message.msgid)
+            f"  {message.symbol} ({message.msgid})"
             for message in self.msgs_store.messages
             if not self.is_message_enabled(message.msgid)
         ]
@@ -1158,7 +1158,7 @@ class PyLinter(
             msg = "Your code has been rated at %.2f/10" % note
             pnote = previous_stats.get("global_note")
             if pnote is not None:
-                msg += " (previous run: %.2f/10, %+.2f)" % (pnote, note - pnote)
+                msg += " (previous run: {:.2f}/10, {:+.2f})".format(pnote, note - pnote)
 
         if self.config.score:
             sect = report_nodes.EvaluationSection(msg)
diff --git a/pylint/message/message_definition.py b/pylint/message/message_definition.py
index 8b2fcaf08..3fb9af945 100644
--- a/pylint/message/message_definition.py
+++ b/pylint/message/message_definition.py
@@ -41,13 +41,15 @@ class MessageDefinition:
         if len(msgid) != 5:
             raise InvalidMessageError("Invalid message id %r" % msgid)
         if msgid[0] not in MSG_TYPES:
-            raise InvalidMessageError("Bad message type %s in %r" % (msgid[0], msgid))
+            raise InvalidMessageError(
+                "Bad message type {} in {!r}".format(msgid[0], msgid)
+            )
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "MessageDefinition:%s (%s)" % (self.symbol, self.msgid)
+        return f"MessageDefinition:{self.symbol} ({self.msgid})"
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "%s:\n%s %s" % (repr(self), self.msg, self.description)
+        return "{}:\n{} {}".format(repr(self), self.msg, self.description)
 
     def may_be_emitted(self):
         """return True if message may be emitted using the current interpreter"""
@@ -75,8 +77,8 @@ class MessageDefinition:
             else:
                 desc += " This message can't be emitted when using Python %s." % restr
         msg_help = normalize_text(" ".join(desc.split()), indent="  ")
-        message_id = "%s (%s)" % (self.symbol, self.msgid)
+        message_id = f"{self.symbol} ({self.msgid})"
         if title != "%s":
             title = title.splitlines()[0]
-            return ":%s: *%s*\n%s" % (message_id, title.rstrip(" "), msg_help)
-        return ":%s:\n%s" % (message_id, msg_help)
+            return ":{}: *{}*\n{}".format(message_id, title.rstrip(" "), msg_help)
+        return f":{message_id}:\n{msg_help}"
diff --git a/pylint/pyreverse/diadefslib.py b/pylint/pyreverse/diadefslib.py
index 86a15d590..5cc6a83cf 100644
--- a/pylint/pyreverse/diadefslib.py
+++ b/pylint/pyreverse/diadefslib.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class DiaDefGenerator:
         """get title for objects"""
         title = node.name
         if self.module_names:
-            title = "%s.%s" % (node.root().name, title)
+            title = f"{node.root().name}.{title}"
         return title
 
     def _set_option(self, option):
diff --git a/pylint/pyreverse/diagrams.py b/pylint/pyreverse/diagrams.py
index aae46fd6e..9fb30b974 100644
--- a/pylint/pyreverse/diagrams.py
+++ b/pylint/pyreverse/diagrams.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class ClassDiagram(Figure, FilterMixIn):
                 continue
             names = self.class_names(associated_nodes)
             if names:
-                node_name = "%s : %s" % (node_name, ", ".join(names))
+                node_name = "{} : {}".format(node_name, ", ".join(names))
             attrs.append(node_name)
         return sorted(attrs)
 
@@ -220,9 +220,9 @@ class PackageDiagram(ClassDiagram):
                 return mod
             # search for fullname of relative import modules
             package = node.root().name
-            if mod_name == "%s.%s" % (package, name):
+            if mod_name == f"{package}.{name}":
                 return mod
-            if mod_name == "%s.%s" % (package.rsplit(".", 1)[0], name):
+            if mod_name == "{}.{}".format(package.rsplit(".", 1)[0], name):
                 return mod
         raise KeyError(name)
 
diff --git a/pylint/pyreverse/inspector.py b/pylint/pyreverse/inspector.py
index bba6d26c0..17ef46bff 100644
--- a/pylint/pyreverse/inspector.py
+++ b/pylint/pyreverse/inspector.py
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ class Linker(IdGeneratorMixIn, utils.LocalsVisitor):
             if name[0] == "*":
                 continue
             # analyze dependencies
-            fullname = "%s.%s" % (basename, name[0])
+            fullname = "{}.{}".format(basename, name[0])
             if fullname.find(".") > -1:
                 try:
                     fullname = modutils.get_module_part(fullname, context_file)
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ class Linker(IdGeneratorMixIn, utils.LocalsVisitor):
         module = node.root()
         context_name = module.name
         if relative:
-            mod_path = "%s.%s" % (".".join(context_name.split(".")[:-1]), mod_path)
+            mod_path = "{}.{}".format(".".join(context_name.split(".")[:-1]), mod_path)
         if self.compute_module(context_name, mod_path):
             # handle dependencies
             if not hasattr(module, "depends"):
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ class Project:
         return self.modules
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<Project %r at %s (%s modules)>" % (
+        return "<Project {!r} at {} ({} modules)>".format(
             self.name,
             id(self),
             len(self.modules),
diff --git a/pylint/pyreverse/vcgutils.py b/pylint/pyreverse/vcgutils.py
index 612769e28..36e82032a 100644
--- a/pylint/pyreverse/vcgutils.py
+++ b/pylint/pyreverse/vcgutils.py
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ class VCGPrinter:
 
     def node(self, title, **args):
         """draw a node"""
-        self._stream.write('%snode: {title:"%s"' % (self._indent, title))
+        self._stream.write(f'{self._indent}node: {{title:"{title}"')
         self._write_attributes(NODE_ATTRS, **args)
         self._stream.write("}\n")
 
@@ -202,11 +202,11 @@ possible attributes are %s"""
                 ) from e
 
             if not _type:
-                self._stream.write('%s%s:"%s"\n' % (self._indent, key, value))
+                self._stream.write(f'{self._indent}{key}:"{value}"\n')
             elif _type == 1:
-                self._stream.write("%s%s:%s\n" % (self._indent, key, int(value)))
+                self._stream.write("{}{}:{}\n".format(self._indent, key, int(value)))
             elif value in _type:
-                self._stream.write("%s%s:%s\n" % (self._indent, key, value))
+                self._stream.write(f"{self._indent}{key}:{value}\n")
             else:
                 raise Exception(
                     """value %s isn\'t correct for attribute %s
diff --git a/pylint/pyreverse/writer.py b/pylint/pyreverse/writer.py
index b603ab16d..e9bd02aaf 100644
--- a/pylint/pyreverse/writer.py
+++ b/pylint/pyreverse/writer.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class DiagramWriter:
         """write files for <project> according to <diadefs>"""
         for diagram in diadefs:
             basename = diagram.title.strip().replace(" ", "_")
-            file_name = "%s.%s" % (basename, self.config.output_format)
+            file_name = f"{basename}.{self.config.output_format}"
             self.set_printer(file_name, basename)
             if diagram.TYPE == "class":
                 self.write_classes(diagram)
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class DiagramWriter:
                 rel.from_object.fig_id,
                 rel.to_object.fig_id,
                 label=rel.name,
-                **self.association_edges
+                **self.association_edges,
             )
 
     def set_printer(self, file_name, basename):
@@ -126,13 +126,13 @@ class DotWriter(DiagramWriter):
         if obj.shape == "interface":
             label = "«interface»\\n%s" % label
         if not self.config.only_classnames:
-            label = r"%s|%s\l|" % (label, r"\l".join(obj.attrs))
+            label = r"{}|{}\l|".format(label, r"\l".join(obj.attrs))
             for func in obj.methods:
                 if func.args.args:
                     args = [arg.name for arg in func.args.args if arg.name != "self"]
                 else:
                     args = []
-                label = r"%s%s(%s)\l" % (label, func.name, ", ".join(args))
+                label = r"{}{}({})\l".format(label, func.name, ", ".join(args))
             label = "{%s}" % label
         if is_exception(obj.node):
             return dict(fontcolor="red", label=label, shape="record")
@@ -197,13 +197,13 @@ class VCGWriter(DiagramWriter):
             # box width for UML like diagram
             maxlen = max(len(name) for name in [obj.title] + methods + attrs)
             line = "_" * (maxlen + 2)
-            label = r"%s\n\f%s" % (label, line)
+            label = fr"{label}\n\f{line}"
             for attr in attrs:
-                label = r"%s\n\f08%s" % (label, attr)
+                label = fr"{label}\n\f08{attr}"
             if attrs:
-                label = r"%s\n\f%s" % (label, line)
+                label = fr"{label}\n\f{line}"
             for func in methods:
-                label = r"%s\n\f10%s()" % (label, func)
+                label = fr"{label}\n\f10{func}()"
         return dict(label=label, shape=shape)
 
     def close_graph(self):
diff --git a/pylint/reporters/text.py b/pylint/reporters/text.py
index 9321bac57..46fa0a9b8 100644
--- a/pylint/reporters/text.py
+++ b/pylint/reporters/text.py
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def colorize_ansi(msg, color=None, style=None):
     escape_code = _get_ansi_code(color, style)
     # If invalid (or unknown) color, don't wrap msg with ansi codes
     if escape_code:
-        return "%s%s%s" % (escape_code, msg, ANSI_RESET)
+        return f"{escape_code}{msg}{ANSI_RESET}"
     return msg
 
 
diff --git a/pylint/testutils/lint_module_test.py b/pylint/testutils/lint_module_test.py
index 2524f8c0e..5b9dc5c7a 100644
--- a/pylint/testutils/lint_module_test.py
+++ b/pylint/testutils/lint_module_test.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class LintModuleTest:
         )
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "%s (%s.%s)" % (
+        return "{} ({}.{})".format(
             self._test_file.base,
             self.__class__.__module__,
             self.__class__.__name__,
diff --git a/pylint/testutils/reporter_for_tests.py b/pylint/testutils/reporter_for_tests.py
index 33d94dee0..4343694a3 100644
--- a/pylint/testutils/reporter_for_tests.py
+++ b/pylint/testutils/reporter_for_tests.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class GenericTestReporter(BaseReporter):
             # 2to3 writes os.linesep instead of using
             # the previously used line separators
             msg = msg.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-        self.messages.append("%s:%3s%s: %s" % (sigle, line, obj, msg))
+        self.messages.append(f"{sigle}:{line:>3}{obj}: {msg}")
 
     def finalize(self):
         self.messages.sort()
diff --git a/pylint/utils/pragma_parser.py b/pylint/utils/pragma_parser.py
index 2afbae5a3..1e180cddd 100644
--- a/pylint/utils/pragma_parser.py
+++ b/pylint/utils/pragma_parser.py
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ ALL_KEYWORDS = "|".join(
 
 
 TOKEN_SPECIFICATION = [
-    ("KEYWORD", r"\b({:s})\b".format(ALL_KEYWORDS)),
+    ("KEYWORD", fr"\b({ALL_KEYWORDS:s})\b"),
     ("MESSAGE_STRING", r"[0-9A-Za-z\-\_]{2,}"),  #  Identifiers
     ("ASSIGN", r"="),  #  Assignment operator
     ("MESSAGE_NUMBER", r"[CREIWF]{1}\d*"),
 ]
 
 TOK_REGEX = "|".join(
-    "(?P<{:s}>{:s})".format(token_name, token_rgx)
+    f"(?P<{token_name:s}>{token_rgx:s})"
     for token_name, token_rgx in TOKEN_SPECIFICATION
 )
 
diff --git a/pylint/utils/utils.py b/pylint/utils/utils.py
index b81807bc4..0f4e0f518 100644
--- a/pylint/utils/utils.py
+++ b/pylint/utils/utils.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def get_module_and_frameid(node):
 
 def get_rst_title(title, character):
     """Permit to get a title formatted as ReStructuredText test (underlined with a chosen character)."""
-    return "%s\n%s\n" % (title, character * len(title))
+    return "{}\n{}\n".format(title, character * len(title))
 
 
 def get_rst_section(section, options, doc=None):
@@ -258,9 +258,7 @@ def register_plugins(linter, directory):
                 # empty module name (usually emacs auto-save files)
                 continue
             except ImportError as exc:
-                print(
-                    "Problem importing module %s: %s" % (filename, exc), file=sys.stderr
-                )
+                print(f"Problem importing module {filename}: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
             else:
                 if hasattr(module, "register"):
                     module.register(linter)
@@ -367,7 +365,7 @@ def _format_option_value(optdict, value):
     if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
         value = ",".join(_format_option_value(optdict, item) for item in value)
     elif isinstance(value, dict):
-        value = ",".join("%s:%s" % (k, v) for k, v in value.items())
+        value = ",".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in value.items())
     elif hasattr(value, "match"):  # optdict.get('type') == 'regexp'
         # compiled regexp
         value = value.pattern
@@ -406,7 +404,7 @@ def _ini_format(stream, options):
                 value = separator.join(x + "," for x in str(value).split(","))
                 # remove trailing ',' from last element of the list
                 value = value[:-1]
-            print("%s=%s" % (optname, value), file=stream)
+            print(f"{optname}={value}", file=stream)
 
 
 class IsortDriver:
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 94198a01a..1b3a3c07c 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def get_packages(directory, prefix):
         if isdir(absfile):
             if exists(join(absfile, "__init__.py")):
                 if prefix:
-                    result.append("%s.%s" % (prefix, package))
+                    result.append(f"{prefix}.{package}")
                 else:
                     result.append(package)
                 result += get_packages(absfile, result[-1])
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def install(**kwargs):
         setup_requires=pytest_runner,
         tests_require=["pytest", "pytest-benchmark"],
         project_urls=project_urls,
-        **kwargs
+        **kwargs,
     )
 
 
diff --git a/tests/checkers/unittest_python3.py b/tests/checkers/unittest_python3.py
index 70456b756..75d6da7b6 100644
--- a/tests/checkers/unittest_python3.py
+++ b/tests/checkers/unittest_python3.py
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ class TestPython3Checker(testutils.CheckerTestCase):
         non_iterating_code = ["x = __({}())", "__({}())[0]"]
 
         for method in ("keys", "items", "values"):
-            dict_method = "{{}}.{}".format(method)
+            dict_method = f"{{}}.{method}"
 
             for code in iterating_code:
                 with_value = code.format(dict_method)
diff --git a/tests/test_func.py b/tests/test_func.py
index e10aa4fa7..4670274c6 100644
--- a/tests/test_func.py
+++ b/tests/test_func.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ INFO_TEST_RGX = re.compile(r"^func_i\d\d\d\d$")
 
 def exception_str(self, ex):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
     """function used to replace default __str__ method of exception instances"""
-    return "in %s\n:: %s" % (ex.file, ", ".join(ex.args))
+    return "in {}\n:: {}".format(ex.file, ", ".join(ex.args))
 
 
 class LintTestUsingModule:
diff --git a/tests/test_self.py b/tests/test_self.py
index 63f3d9fed..6a6552ffc 100644
--- a/tests/test_self.py
+++ b/tests/test_self.py
@@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ class TestRunTC:
             output = out.getvalue()
         else:
             output = None
-        msg = "expected output status %s, got %s" % (code, pylint_code)
+        msg = f"expected output status {code}, got {pylint_code}"
         if output is not None:
-            msg = "%s. Below pylint output: \n%s" % (msg, output)
+            msg = f"{msg}. Below pylint output: \n{output}"
         assert pylint_code == code, msg
 
     @staticmethod
diff --git a/tests/unittest_pyreverse_writer.py b/tests/unittest_pyreverse_writer.py
index 90fbcbe55..20f128574 100644
--- a/tests/unittest_pyreverse_writer.py
+++ b/tests/unittest_pyreverse_writer.py
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ def test_dot_files(generated_file):
     expected = _file_lines(expected_file)
     generated = "\n".join(generated)
     expected = "\n".join(expected)
-    files = "\n *** expected : %s, generated : %s \n" % (expected_file, generated_file)
-    assert expected == generated, "%s%s" % (
+    files = f"\n *** expected : {expected_file}, generated : {generated_file} \n"
+    assert expected == generated, "{}{}".format(
         files,
         "\n".join(
             line for line in unified_diff(expected.splitlines(), generated.splitlines())
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ def test_dot_files(generated_file):
 def test_get_visibility(names, expected):
     for name in names:
         got = get_visibility(name)
-        assert got == expected, "got %s instead of %s for value %s" % (
+        assert got == expected, "got {} instead of {} for value {}".format(
             got,
             expected,
             name,