#!/usr/bin/env python # Very simple serial terminal # (C)2002-2011 Chris Liechti # Input characters are sent directly (only LF -> CR/LF/CRLF translation is # done), received characters are displayed as is (or escaped trough pythons # repr, useful for debug purposes) import sys, os, serial, threading try: from serial.tools.list_ports import comports except ImportError: comports = None EXITCHARCTER = serial.to_bytes([0x1d]) # GS/CTRL+] MENUCHARACTER = serial.to_bytes([0x14]) # Menu: CTRL+T DEFAULT_PORT = None DEFAULT_BAUDRATE = 9600 DEFAULT_RTS = None DEFAULT_DTR = None def key_description(character): """generate a readable description for a key""" ascii_code = ord(character) if ascii_code < 32: return 'Ctrl+%c' % (ord('@') + ascii_code) else: return repr(character) # help text, starts with blank line! it's a function so that the current values # for the shortcut keys is used and not the value at program start def get_help_text(): return """ --- pySerial (%(version)s) - miniterm - help --- --- %(exit)-8s Exit program --- %(menu)-8s Menu escape key, followed by: --- Menu keys: --- %(itself)-7s Send the menu character itself to remote --- %(exchar)-7s Send the exit character itself to remote --- %(info)-7s Show info --- %(upload)-7s Upload file (prompt will be shown) --- Toggles: --- %(rts)-7s RTS %(echo)-7s local echo --- %(dtr)-7s DTR %(break)-7s BREAK --- %(lfm)-7s line feed %(repr)-7s Cycle repr mode --- --- Port settings (%(menu)s followed by the following): --- p change port --- 7 8 set data bits --- n e o s m change parity (None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark) --- 1 2 3 set stop bits (1, 2, 1.5) --- b change baud rate --- x X disable/enable software flow control --- r R disable/enable hardware flow control """ % { 'version': getattr(serial, 'VERSION', 'unknown version'), 'exit': key_description(EXITCHARCTER), 'menu': key_description(MENUCHARACTER), 'rts': key_description('\x12'), 'repr': key_description('\x01'), 'dtr': key_description('\x04'), 'lfm': key_description('\x0c'), 'break': key_description('\x02'), 'echo': key_description('\x05'), 'info': key_description('\x09'), 'upload': key_description('\x15'), 'itself': key_description(MENUCHARACTER), 'exchar': key_description(EXITCHARCTER), } if sys.version_info >= (3, 0): def character(b): return b.decode('latin1') else: def character(b): return b LF = serial.to_bytes([10]) CR = serial.to_bytes([13]) CRLF = serial.to_bytes([13, 10]) X00 = serial.to_bytes([0]) X0E = serial.to_bytes([0x0e]) # first choose a platform dependant way to read single characters from the console global console if os.name == 'nt': import msvcrt class Console(object): def __init__(self): pass def setup(self): pass # Do nothing for 'nt' def cleanup(self): pass # Do nothing for 'nt' def getkey(self): while True: z = msvcrt.getch() if z == X00 or z == X0E: # functions keys, ignore msvcrt.getch() else: if z == CR: return LF return z console = Console() elif os.name == 'posix': import termios, sys, os class Console(object): def __init__(self): self.fd = sys.stdin.fileno() self.old = None def setup(self): self.old = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd) new = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd) new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO & ~termios.ISIG new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1 new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0 termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSANOW, new) def getkey(self): c = os.read(self.fd, 1) return c def cleanup(self): if self.old is not None: termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, self.old) console = Console() def cleanup_console(): console.cleanup() sys.exitfunc = cleanup_console # terminal modes have to be restored on exit... else: raise NotImplementedError("Sorry no implementation for your platform (%s) available." % sys.platform) def dump_port_list(): if comports: sys.stderr.write('\n--- Available ports:\n') for port, desc, hwid in sorted(comports()): #~ sys.stderr.write('--- %-20s %s [%s]\n' % (port, desc, hwid)) sys.stderr.write('--- %-20s %s\n' % (port, desc)) CONVERT_CRLF = 2 CONVERT_CR = 1 CONVERT_LF = 0 NEWLINE_CONVERISON_MAP = (LF, CR, CRLF) LF_MODES = ('LF', 'CR', 'CR/LF') REPR_MODES = ('raw', 'some control', 'all control', 'hex') class Miniterm(object): def __init__(self, port, baudrate, parity, rtscts, xonxoff, echo=False, convert_outgoing=CONVERT_CRLF, repr_mode=0): try: self.serial = serial.serial_for_url(port, baudrate, parity=parity, rtscts=rtscts, xonxoff=xonxoff, timeout=1) except AttributeError: # happens when the installed pyserial is older than 2.5. use the # Serial class directly then. self.serial = serial.Serial(port, baudrate, parity=parity, rtscts=rtscts, xonxoff=xonxoff, timeout=1) self.echo = echo self.repr_mode = repr_mode self.convert_outgoing = convert_outgoing self.newline = NEWLINE_CONVERISON_MAP[self.convert_outgoing] self.dtr_state = True self.rts_state = True self.break_state = False def _start_reader(self): """Start reader thread""" self._reader_alive = True # start serial->console thread self.receiver_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.reader) self.receiver_thread.setDaemon(True) self.receiver_thread.start() def _stop_reader(self): """Stop reader thread only, wait for clean exit of thread""" self._reader_alive = False self.receiver_thread.join() def start(self): self.alive = True self._start_reader() # enter console->serial loop self.transmitter_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.writer) self.transmitter_thread.setDaemon(True) self.transmitter_thread.start() def stop(self): self.alive = False def join(self, transmit_only=False): self.transmitter_thread.join() if not transmit_only: self.receiver_thread.join() def dump_port_settings(self): sys.stderr.write("\n--- Settings: %s %s,%s,%s,%s\n" % ( self.serial.portstr, self.serial.baudrate, self.serial.bytesize, self.serial.parity, self.serial.stopbits)) sys.stderr.write('--- RTS: %-8s DTR: %-8s BREAK: %-8s\n' % ( (self.rts_state and 'active' or 'inactive'), (self.dtr_state and 'active' or 'inactive'), (self.break_state and 'active' or 'inactive'))) try: sys.stderr.write('--- CTS: %-8s DSR: %-8s RI: %-8s CD: %-8s\n' % ( (self.serial.getCTS() and 'active' or 'inactive'), (self.serial.getDSR() and 'active' or 'inactive'), (self.serial.getRI() and 'active' or 'inactive'), (self.serial.getCD() and 'active' or 'inactive'))) except serial.SerialException: # on RFC 2217 ports it can happen to no modem state notification was # yet received. ignore this error. pass sys.stderr.write('--- software flow control: %s\n' % (self.serial.xonxoff and 'active' or 'inactive')) sys.stderr.write('--- hardware flow control: %s\n' % (self.serial.rtscts and 'active' or 'inactive')) sys.stderr.write('--- data escaping: %s linefeed: %s\n' % ( REPR_MODES[self.repr_mode], LF_MODES[self.convert_outgoing])) def reader(self): """loop and copy serial->console""" try: while self.alive and self._reader_alive: data = character(self.serial.read(1)) if self.repr_mode == 0: # direct output, just have to care about newline setting if data == '\r' and self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_CR: sys.stdout.write('\n') else: sys.stdout.write(data) elif self.repr_mode == 1: # escape non-printable, let pass newlines if self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_CRLF and data in '\r\n': if data == '\n': sys.stdout.write('\n') elif data == '\r': pass elif data == '\n' and self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_LF: sys.stdout.write('\n') elif data == '\r' and self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_CR: sys.stdout.write('\n') else: sys.stdout.write(repr(data)[1:-1]) elif self.repr_mode == 2: # escape all non-printable, including newline sys.stdout.write(repr(data)[1:-1]) elif self.repr_mode == 3: # escape everything (hexdump) for c in data: sys.stdout.write("%s " % c.encode('hex')) sys.stdout.flush() except serial.SerialException, e: self.alive = False # would be nice if the console reader could be interruptted at this # point... raise def writer(self): """\ Loop and copy console->serial until EXITCHARCTER character is found. When MENUCHARACTER is found, interpret the next key locally. """ menu_active = False try: while self.alive: try: b = console.getkey() except KeyboardInterrupt: b = serial.to_bytes([3]) c = character(b) if menu_active: if c == MENUCHARACTER or c == EXITCHARCTER: # Menu character again/exit char -> send itself self.serial.write(b) # send character if self.echo: sys.stdout.write(c) elif c == '\x15': # CTRL+U -> upload file sys.stderr.write('\n--- File to upload: ') sys.stderr.flush() console.cleanup() filename = sys.stdin.readline().rstrip('\r\n') if filename: try: file = open(filename, 'r') sys.stderr.write('--- Sending file %s ---\n' % filename) while True: line = file.readline().rstrip('\r\n') if not line: break self.serial.write(line) self.serial.write('\r\n') # Wait for output buffer to drain. self.serial.flush() sys.stderr.write('.') # Progress indicator. sys.stderr.write('\n--- File %s sent ---\n' % filename) except IOError, e: sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening file %s: %s ---\n' % (filename, e)) console.setup() elif c in '\x08hH?': # CTRL+H, h, H, ? -> Show help sys.stderr.write(get_help_text()) elif c == '\x12': # CTRL+R -> Toggle RTS self.rts_state = not self.rts_state self.serial.setRTS(self.rts_state) sys.stderr.write('--- RTS %s ---\n' % (self.rts_state and 'active' or 'inactive')) elif c == '\x04': # CTRL+D -> Toggle DTR self.dtr_state = not self.dtr_state self.serial.setDTR(self.dtr_state) sys.stderr.write('--- DTR %s ---\n' % (self.dtr_state and 'active' or 'inactive')) elif c == '\x02': # CTRL+B -> toggle BREAK condition self.break_state = not self.break_state self.serial.setBreak(self.break_state) sys.stderr.write('--- BREAK %s ---\n' % (self.break_state and 'active' or 'inactive')) elif c == '\x05': # CTRL+E -> toggle local echo self.echo = not self.echo sys.stderr.write('--- local echo %s ---\n' % (self.echo and 'active' or 'inactive')) elif c == '\x09': # CTRL+I -> info self.dump_port_settings() elif c == '\x01': # CTRL+A -> cycle escape mode self.repr_mode += 1 if self.repr_mode > 3: self.repr_mode = 0 sys.stderr.write('--- escape data: %s ---\n' % ( REPR_MODES[self.repr_mode], )) elif c == '\x0c': # CTRL+L -> cycle linefeed mode self.convert_outgoing += 1 if self.convert_outgoing > 2: self.convert_outgoing = 0 self.newline = NEWLINE_CONVERISON_MAP[self.convert_outgoing] sys.stderr.write('--- line feed %s ---\n' % ( LF_MODES[self.convert_outgoing], )) elif c in 'pP': # P -> change port dump_port_list() sys.stderr.write('--- Enter port name: ') sys.stderr.flush() console.cleanup() try: port = sys.stdin.readline().strip() except KeyboardInterrupt: port = None console.setup() if port and port != self.serial.port: # reader thread needs to be shut down self._stop_reader() # save settings settings = self.serial.getSettingsDict() try: try: new_serial = serial.serial_for_url(port, do_not_open=True) except AttributeError: # happens when the installed pyserial is older than 2.5. use the # Serial class directly then. new_serial = serial.Serial() new_serial.port = port # restore settings and open new_serial.applySettingsDict(settings) new_serial.open() new_serial.setRTS(self.rts_state) new_serial.setDTR(self.dtr_state) new_serial.setBreak(self.break_state) except Exception, e: sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening new port: %s ---\n' % (e,)) new_serial.close() else: self.serial.close() self.serial = new_serial sys.stderr.write('--- Port changed to: %s ---\n' % (self.serial.port,)) # and restart the reader thread self._start_reader() elif c in 'bB': # B -> change baudrate sys.stderr.write('\n--- Baudrate: ') sys.stderr.flush() console.cleanup() backup = self.serial.baudrate try: self.serial.baudrate = int(sys.stdin.readline().strip()) except ValueError, e: sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR setting baudrate: %s ---\n' % (e,)) self.serial.baudrate = backup else: self.dump_port_settings() console.setup() elif c == '8': # 8 -> change to 8 bits self.serial.bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS self.dump_port_settings() elif c == '7': # 7 -> change to 8 bits self.serial.bytesize = serial.SEVENBITS self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'eE': # E -> change to even parity self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_EVEN self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'oO': # O -> change to odd parity self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_ODD self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'mM': # M -> change to mark parity self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_MARK self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'sS': # S -> change to space parity self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_SPACE self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'nN': # N -> change to no parity self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_NONE self.dump_port_settings() elif c == '1': # 1 -> change to 1 stop bits self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE self.dump_port_settings() elif c == '2': # 2 -> change to 2 stop bits self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_TWO self.dump_port_settings() elif c == '3': # 3 -> change to 1.5 stop bits self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'xX': # X -> change software flow control self.serial.xonxoff = (c == 'X') self.dump_port_settings() elif c in 'rR': # R -> change hardware flow control self.serial.rtscts = (c == 'R') self.dump_port_settings() else: sys.stderr.write('--- unknown menu character %s --\n' % key_description(c)) menu_active = False elif c == MENUCHARACTER: # next char will be for menu menu_active = True elif c == EXITCHARCTER: self.stop() break # exit app elif c == '\n': self.serial.write(self.newline) # send newline character(s) if self.echo: sys.stdout.write(c) # local echo is a real newline in any case sys.stdout.flush() else: self.serial.write(b) # send byte if self.echo: sys.stdout.write(c) sys.stdout.flush() except: self.alive = False raise def main(): import optparse parser = optparse.OptionParser( usage = "%prog [options] [port [baudrate]]", description = "Miniterm - A simple terminal program for the serial port." ) group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Port settings") group.add_option("-p", "--port", dest = "port", help = "port, a number or a device name. (deprecated option, use parameter instead)", default = DEFAULT_PORT ) group.add_option("-b", "--baud", dest = "baudrate", action = "store", type = 'int', help = "set baud rate, default %default", default = DEFAULT_BAUDRATE ) group.add_option("--parity", dest = "parity", action = "store", help = "set parity, one of [N, E, O, S, M], default=N", default = 'N' ) group.add_option("--rtscts", dest = "rtscts", action = "store_true", help = "enable RTS/CTS flow control (default off)", default = False ) group.add_option("--xonxoff", dest = "xonxoff", action = "store_true", help = "enable software flow control (default off)", default = False ) group.add_option("--rts", dest = "rts_state", action = "store", type = 'int', help = "set initial RTS line state (possible values: 0, 1)", default = DEFAULT_RTS ) group.add_option("--dtr", dest = "dtr_state", action = "store", type = 'int', help = "set initial DTR line state (possible values: 0, 1)", default = DEFAULT_DTR ) parser.add_option_group(group) group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Data handling") group.add_option("-e", "--echo", dest = "echo", action = "store_true", help = "enable local echo (default off)", default = False ) group.add_option("--cr", dest = "cr", action = "store_true", help = "do not send CR+LF, send CR only", default = False ) group.add_option("--lf", dest = "lf", action = "store_true", help = "do not send CR+LF, send LF only", default = False ) group.add_option("-D", "--debug", dest = "repr_mode", action = "count", help = """debug received data (escape non-printable chars) --debug can be given multiple times: 0: just print what is received 1: escape non-printable characters, do newlines as unusual 2: escape non-printable characters, newlines too 3: hex dump everything""", default = 0 ) parser.add_option_group(group) group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Hotkeys") group.add_option("--exit-char", dest = "exit_char", action = "store", type = 'int', help = "ASCII code of special character that is used to exit the application", default = 0x1d ) group.add_option("--menu-char", dest = "menu_char", action = "store", type = 'int', help = "ASCII code of special character that is used to control miniterm (menu)", default = 0x14 ) parser.add_option_group(group) group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Diagnostics") group.add_option("-q", "--quiet", dest = "quiet", action = "store_true", help = "suppress non-error messages", default = False ) parser.add_option_group(group) (options, args) = parser.parse_args() options.parity = options.parity.upper() if options.parity not in 'NEOSM': parser.error("invalid parity") if options.cr and options.lf: parser.error("only one of --cr or --lf can be specified") if options.menu_char == options.exit_char: parser.error('--exit-char can not be the same as --menu-char') global EXITCHARCTER, MENUCHARACTER EXITCHARCTER = chr(options.exit_char) MENUCHARACTER = chr(options.menu_char) port = options.port baudrate = options.baudrate if args: if options.port is not None: parser.error("no arguments are allowed, options only when --port is given") port = args.pop(0) if args: try: baudrate = int(args[0]) except ValueError: parser.error("baud rate must be a number, not %r" % args[0]) args.pop(0) if args: parser.error("too many arguments") else: # noport given on command line -> ask user now if port is None: dump_port_list() port = raw_input('Enter port name:') convert_outgoing = CONVERT_CRLF if options.cr: convert_outgoing = CONVERT_CR elif options.lf: convert_outgoing = CONVERT_LF try: miniterm = Miniterm( port, baudrate, options.parity, rtscts=options.rtscts, xonxoff=options.xonxoff, echo=options.echo, convert_outgoing=convert_outgoing, repr_mode=options.repr_mode, ) except serial.SerialException, e: sys.stderr.write("could not open port %r: %s\n" % (port, e)) sys.exit(1) if not options.quiet: sys.stderr.write('--- Miniterm on %s: %d,%s,%s,%s ---\n' % ( miniterm.serial.portstr, miniterm.serial.baudrate, miniterm.serial.bytesize, miniterm.serial.parity, miniterm.serial.stopbits, )) sys.stderr.write('--- Quit: %s | Menu: %s | Help: %s followed by %s ---\n' % ( key_description(EXITCHARCTER), key_description(MENUCHARACTER), key_description(MENUCHARACTER), key_description('\x08'), )) if options.dtr_state is not None: if not options.quiet: sys.stderr.write('--- forcing DTR %s\n' % (options.dtr_state and 'active' or 'inactive')) miniterm.serial.setDTR(options.dtr_state) miniterm.dtr_state = options.dtr_state if options.rts_state is not None: if not options.quiet: sys.stderr.write('--- forcing RTS %s\n' % (options.rts_state and 'active' or 'inactive')) miniterm.serial.setRTS(options.rts_state) miniterm.rts_state = options.rts_state console.setup() miniterm.start() try: miniterm.join(True) except KeyboardInterrupt: pass if not options.quiet: sys.stderr.write("\n--- exit ---\n") miniterm.join() #~ console.cleanup() # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - if __name__ == '__main__': main()