diff options
| author | Michele Simionato <michele.simionato@gmail.com> | 2015-12-09 15:03:11 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Michele Simionato <michele.simionato@gmail.com> | 2015-12-09 15:03:11 +0100 |
| commit | e0dc8b2b60cdcdc18695b9fb39810aff6cb62a1b (patch) | |
| tree | 6c3f4d33e34826590abb65c81c5b8aefe75a15ab | |
| parent | d261e9c9b0a4e5c7db1a6ad60c3ed2344a6bcbc3 (diff) | |
| parent | a2501ec62a064da277372a840c3b4a268a855583 (diff) | |
| download | python-decorator-git-e0dc8b2b60cdcdc18695b9fb39810aff6cb62a1b.tar.gz | |
Merge pull request #20 from micheles/4.0.5
Release 4.0.5
| -rw-r--r-- | .travis.yml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | CHANGES.txt | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | documentation.pdf | 1302 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | src/decorator.py | 23 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | src/tests/documentation.py | 47 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | src/tests/test.py | 15 |
6 files changed, 858 insertions, 534 deletions
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml index bc53225..b74e64e 100644 --- a/.travis.yml +++ b/.travis.yml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ python: - "3.2" - "3.3" - "3.4" - + - "3.5" install: - python setup.py install diff --git a/CHANGES.txt b/CHANGES.txt index 43cc1b9..f936eb9 100644 --- a/CHANGES.txt +++ b/CHANGES.txt @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ HISTORY -------- +4.0.5 Documented a quirk signaled by David Goldstein when writing decorators + for functions with keyword arguments. Avoided copying the globals, + as signaled by Benjamin Peterson (2015/12/09) 4.0.4 Included a patch from Zev Benjamin: now decorated functions play well with cProfile (2015/09/25) 4.0.3 Added a warning about the memoize example, as requested by Robert diff --git a/documentation.pdf b/documentation.pdf index d41bc04..98b7de6 100644 --- a/documentation.pdf +++ b/documentation.pdf @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ endobj << /A << /S /URI /Type /Action /URI (mailto:michele.simionato@gmail.com) >> /Border [ 0 0 0 ] /Rect [ 153.7323 704.0236 289.4623 716.0236 ] /Subtype /Link /Type /Annot >>
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 122 Tm .870651 Tw 12 TL /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (FunctionMaker.create ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (can take as first argument a string, as in the examples before, or a function.) Tj T* 0 Tw .224985 Tw (This is the most common usage, since typically you want to decorate a pre-existing function. A framework) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.606136 Tw (author may want to use directly ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (FunctionMaker.create ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (instead of ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (decorator) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (, since it gives you) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.36686 Tw (direct access to the body of the generated function. For instance, suppose you want to instrument the) Tj T* 0 Tw .372209 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (__init__ ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (methods of a set of classes, by preserving their signature \(such use case is not made up; this) Tj T* 0 Tw .673828 Tw (is done in SQAlchemy and in other frameworks\). When the first argument of ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (FunctionMaker.create) Tj T* 0 Tw 3.405814 Tw /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (is a function, a ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (FunctionMaker ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (object is instantiated internally, with attributes ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (args) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (, ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (varargs) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (,) Tj T* 0 Tw 5.509982 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (keywords ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (and ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (defaults ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (which are the the return values of the standard library function) Tj T* 0 Tw .561318 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (inspect.getargspec) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (. For each argument in the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (args ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (\(which is a list of strings containing the names) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.599985 Tw (of the mandatory arguments\) an attribute ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (arg0) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (, ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (arg1) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (, ..., ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (argN ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (is also generated. Finally, there is a) Tj T* 0 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (signature ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (attribute, a string with the signature of the original function.) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 62 Tm 5.045529 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Internally ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (FunctionMaker.create ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (uses ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (exec ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (to generate the decorated function. Therefore) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.522126 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (inspect.getsource ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (will not work for decorated functions. That means that the usual ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (?? ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (trick in) Tj T* 0 Tw 26.45775 Tw (IPython will give you the \(right on the spot\) message) Tj T* 0 Tw .261647 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Dynamically) Tj ( ) Tj (generated) Tj ( ) Tj (function.) Tj ( ) Tj (No) Tj ( ) Tj (source) Tj ( ) Tj (code available) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (. In the past I have considered) Tj T* 0 Tw .945366 Tw (this acceptable, since ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (inspect.getsource ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (does not really work even with regular decorators. In that) Tj T* 0 Tw (case ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (inspect.getsource ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (gives you the wrapper source code which is probably not what you want:) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 38 Tm .011098 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (\(see bug report ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (1764286 ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (for an explanation of what is happening\). Unfortunately the bug is still there, in all) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.33436 Tw (versions of Python except Python 3.5, which is not yet released. There is however a workaround. The) Tj T* 0 Tw .725984 Tw (decorated function has an attribute ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (__wrapped__) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (, pointing to the original function. The easy way to get) Tj T* 0 Tw (the source code is to call ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (inspect.getsource ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (on the undecorated function:) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 3.5 Tm 21 TL /F2 17.5 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Dealing with third party decorators) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 38 Tm .321654 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Sometimes you find on the net some cool decorator that you would like to include in your code. However,) Tj T* 0 Tw .50061 Tw (more often than not the cool decorator is not signature-preserving. Therefore you may want an easy way) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.814597 Tw (to upgrade third party decorators to signature-preserving decorators without having to rewrite them in) Tj T* 0 Tw (terms of ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (decorator) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (. You can use a ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (FunctionMaker ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (to implement that functionality as follows:) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 26 Tm .079982 Tw 12 TL /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (decorator_apply ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (sets the attribute ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (__wrapped__ ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (of the generated function to the original function, so) Tj T* 0 Tw .00856 Tw (that you can get the right source code. If you are using a Python more recent than 3.2, you should also set) Tj T* 0 Tw (the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (__qualname__ ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (attribute to preserve the qualified name of the original function.) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 26 Tm .13104 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Notice that I am not providing this functionality in the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (decorator ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (module directly since I think it is best to) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.070751 Tw (rewrite the decorator rather than adding an additional level of indirection. However, practicality beats) Tj T* 0 Tw (purity, so you can add ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (decorator_apply ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (to your toolbox and use it if you need to.) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 62 Tm 3.34936 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Here you want to dispatch on the second argument since the first, ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (self ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (is already taken. The) Tj T* 0 Tw .544269 Tw /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (dispatch_on ) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (decorator factory allows you to specify the dispatch argument by simply passing its name) Tj T* 0 Tw .261988 Tw (as a string \(notice that if you mispell the name you will get an error\). The function decorated is turned into) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.747045 Tw (a generic function and it is the one which is called if there are no more specialized implementations.) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.959147 Tw (Usually such default function should raise a ) Tj /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (NotImplementedError) Tj /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (, thus forcing people to register) Tj T* 0 Tw (some implementation. The registration can be done with a decorator:) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 2 Tm /F1 10 Tf 12 TL (Here is the result:) Tj T* ET
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BT 1 0 0 1 0 14 Tm /F1 10 Tf 12 TL .76528 Tw (The point of generic functions is that they play well with subclassing. For instance, suppose we define a) Tj T* 0 Tw (StrongRock which does not lose against Paper:) Tj T* ET
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diff --git a/src/decorator.py b/src/decorator.py index 13aeef4..49c1747 100644 --- a/src/decorator.py +++ b/src/decorator.py @@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ for the documentation. """ from __future__ import print_function -__version__ = '4.0.4' - import re import sys import inspect @@ -42,6 +40,8 @@ import operator import itertools import collections +__version__ = '4.0.5' + if sys.version >= '3': from inspect import getfullargspec @@ -178,8 +178,6 @@ class FunctionMaker(object): for n in names: if n in ('_func_', '_call_'): raise NameError('%s is overridden in\n%s' % (n, src)) - if not src.endswith('\n'): # add a newline just for safety - src += '\n' # this is needed in old versions of Python # Ensure each generated function has a unique filename for profilers # (such as cProfile) that depend on the tuple of (<filename>, @@ -225,9 +223,7 @@ def decorate(func, caller): """ decorate(func, caller) decorates a function using a caller. """ - evaldict = func.__globals__.copy() - evaldict['_call_'] = caller - evaldict['_func_'] = func + evaldict = dict(_call_=caller, _func_=func) fun = FunctionMaker.create( func, "return _call_(_func_, %(shortsignature)s)", evaldict, __wrapped__=func) @@ -244,29 +240,20 @@ def decorator(caller, _func=None): # else return a decorator function if inspect.isclass(caller): name = caller.__name__.lower() - callerfunc = get_init(caller) doc = 'decorator(%s) converts functions/generators into ' \ 'factories of %s objects' % (caller.__name__, caller.__name__) - fun = getfullargspec(callerfunc).args[1] # second arg elif inspect.isfunction(caller): if caller.__name__ == '<lambda>': name = '_lambda_' else: name = caller.__name__ - callerfunc = caller doc = caller.__doc__ - fun = getfullargspec(callerfunc).args[0] # first arg else: # assume caller is an object with a __call__ method name = caller.__class__.__name__.lower() - callerfunc = caller.__call__.__func__ doc = caller.__call__.__doc__ - fun = getfullargspec(callerfunc).args[1] # second arg - evaldict = callerfunc.__globals__.copy() - evaldict['_call_'] = caller - evaldict['_decorate_'] = decorate + evaldict = dict(_call_=caller, _decorate_=decorate) return FunctionMaker.create( - '%s(%s)' % (name, fun), - 'return _decorate_(%s, _call_)' % fun, + '%s(func)' % name, 'return _decorate_(func, _call_)', evaldict, doc=doc, module=caller.__module__, __wrapped__=caller) diff --git a/src/tests/documentation.py b/src/tests/documentation.py index 04d62eb..b704b91 100644 --- a/src/tests/documentation.py +++ b/src/tests/documentation.py @@ -526,7 +526,6 @@ be added to the generated function: >>> print(f1.__source__) def f1(a, b): f(a, b) - <BLANKLINE> ``FunctionMaker.create`` can take as first argument a string, as in the examples before, or a function. This is the most common @@ -1007,9 +1006,49 @@ callable objects, nor on built-in functions, due to limitations of the ``inspect`` module in the standard library, especially for Python 2.X (in Python 3.5 a lot of such limitations have been removed). -There is a restriction on the names of the arguments: for instance, -if try to call an argument ``_call_`` or ``_func_`` -you will get a ``NameError``: +There is a strange quirk when decorating functions that take keyword +arguments, if one of such arguments has the same name used in the +caller function for the first argument. The quirk was reported by +David Goldstein and here is an example where it is manifest: + +.. code-block:: python + + >>> @memoize + ... def getkeys(**kw): + ... return kw.keys() + >>> getkeys(func='a') # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + Traceback (most recent call last): + ... + TypeError: _memoize() got multiple values for ... 'func' + +The error message looks really strange until you realize that +the caller function `_memoize` uses `func` as first argument, +so there is a confusion between the positional argument and the +keywork arguments. The solution is to change the name of the +first argument in `_memoize`, or to change the implementation as +follows: + +.. code-block:: python + + def _memoize(*all_args, **kw): + func = all_args[0] + args = all_args[1:] + if kw: # frozenset is used to ensure hashability + key = args, frozenset(kw.items()) + else: + key = args + cache = func.cache # attribute added by memoize + if key not in cache: + cache[key] = func(*args, **kw) + return cache[key] + +We have avoided the need to name the first argument, so the problem +simply disappears. This is a technique that you should keep in mind +when writing decorators for functions with keyword arguments. + +On a similar tone, there is a restriction on the names of the +arguments: for instance, if try to call an argument ``_call_`` or +``_func_`` you will get a ``NameError``: .. code-block:: python diff --git a/src/tests/test.py b/src/tests/test.py index ab65dfa..5bd34e8 100644 --- a/src/tests/test.py +++ b/src/tests/test.py @@ -77,7 +77,20 @@ class ExtraTestCase(unittest.TestCase): self.assertNotEqual(d1.__code__.co_filename, d2.__code__.co_filename) self.assertNotEqual(f1.__code__.co_filename, f2.__code__.co_filename) - self.assertNotEqual(f1_orig.__code__.co_filename, f1.__code__.co_filename) + self.assertNotEqual(f1_orig.__code__.co_filename, + f1.__code__.co_filename) + + def test_no_first_arg(self): + @decorator + def example(*args, **kw): + return args[0](*args[1:], **kw) + + @example + def func(**kw): + return kw + + # there is no confusion when passing args as a keyword argument + self.assertEqual(func(args='a'), {'args': 'a'}) # ################### test dispatch_on ############################# # # adapted from test_functools in Python 3.5 |